310 lines
33 KiB
XML
310 lines
33 KiB
XML
<document id="03DC505B68F375F5A5A1B1D5BA20D4AD" ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.5323.4.3" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="8212358" ID-ZooBank="0001D6C5-9616-44A3-98F4-CE4CCA0F2826" IM.bibliography_approvedBy="felipe" IM.illustrations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="GgImagineBatch" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" IM.treatmentCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.treatments_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1691079196028" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Singh, Manpreet, Raha, Angshuman, Mallick, Kaushik, Kirti, Jagbir Singh & Singh, Navneet" docDate="2023" docId="E36F1F4DFFE0FFECFF11F9FD26EFFD33" docLanguage="en" docName="zootaxa.5323.4.3.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 5323 (4)" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.1094/PDIS-04-22-0755-PDN" docStyle="DocumentStyle:647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D.9:Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleId="647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="9" docTitle="Plutodes flavescens Butler 1880" docType="treatment" docVersion="2" lastPageNumber="512" masterDocId="1F566735FFECFFE1FF86FFA82454FFFE" masterDocTitle="A review of the genus Plutodes Guenée (Geometridae: Ennominae) from India with description of one new species" masterLastPageNumber="523" masterPageNumber="499" pageNumber="511" updateTime="1691079622679" updateUser="ExternalLinkService" zenodo-license-document="CLOSED">
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<mods:titleInfo id="9719176CFDFAC6AD5818950374B15671">
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<mods:title id="8CA4A6AFE4BBDD2F389ACB2C134058FC">A review of the genus Plutodes Guenée (Geometridae: Ennominae) from India with description of one new species</mods:title>
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<mods:name id="2C9DF3B605B1F4ACA60E76AB763EAAF4" type="personal">
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<mods:namePart id="B20D0C1F19C7BC2B6C63DFF8CA362099">Singh, Manpreet</mods:namePart>
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<mods:nameIdentifier id="59361617E5FC7C4777E73A6BE26C6C7C" type="ORCID">0000-0001-7538-3147</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:affiliation id="13A2232E40B52697DD5D1A54443760FB">Zoological Survey of India, New Alipore, Kolkata- 700053, West Bengal, India & Department of Zoology & Environmental Sciences, Punjabi University, Patiala- 147002, Punjab, India & manpreet 500777 @ gmail. com; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0001 - 7538 - 3147</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:nameIdentifier id="77752636E6D7CBCA07317026C5F9648F" type="email">manpreet500777@gmail.com</mods:nameIdentifier>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:roleTerm id="79920F027109945487D699A18146E9DB">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart id="E20C989DD17B2E52FC14EF21AA33277C">Raha, Angshuman</mods:namePart>
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<mods:nameIdentifier id="2602530650B7C55AFD9F2E173F8D853A" type="ORCID">0000-0001-6992-7056</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:affiliation id="913F8E7037A90657DF4709474983996F">Zoological Survey of India, New Alipore, Kolkata- 700053, West Bengal, India & adroitangshuman @ gmail. com; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0001 - 6992 - 7056</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:nameIdentifier id="D0D9BE80B8CE8C780485CBCB799DBF1D" type="email">adroitangshuman@gmail.com</mods:nameIdentifier>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart id="948FD49D78C80A4A4BC0B36E4BCBD93D">Mallick, Kaushik</mods:namePart>
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<mods:nameIdentifier id="8D4398DE1220A23C7C0FE4315331557F" type="ORCID">0000-0001-7376-2776</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:affiliation id="37D36A056E587A113396DFEAC4F37091">Zoological Survey of India, New Alipore, Kolkata- 700053, West Bengal, India & kaushik 11. cc @ gmail. com; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0001 - 7376 - 2776</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:nameIdentifier id="DA3B19B0FAB103EDEAFDB3DEF8394D50" type="email">kaushik11.cc@gmail.com</mods:nameIdentifier>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name id="0482D2467B2142A1F8B03E39A96DD093" type="personal">
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<mods:roleTerm id="E8EAA5CE8B40F53BD99FCE3968F8C4FB">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart id="15C6E9338F515F4BF513CECEA617B00E">Kirti, Jagbir Singh</mods:namePart>
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<mods:nameIdentifier id="D8C78422FB003C7C6B7D8CD07E6F2D02" type="ORCID">0000-0002-9670-5931</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:affiliation id="F8D6F522CEFB18E83E659002DEC2A48E">Department of Zoology & Environmental Sciences, Punjabi University, Patiala- 147002, Punjab, India & prjagbir 2005 @ gmail. com; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0002 - 9670 - 5931</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:nameIdentifier id="F89D39C692BFA2CBC613528E150E6C6F" type="email">prjagbir2005@gmail.com</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:namePart id="177738A790AA413BFB16E2733E0DFCBE">Singh, Navneet</mods:namePart>
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<mods:nameIdentifier id="A681B6E13A6937FDC5A4B9DB8C3121BB" type="ORCID">0000-0002-6657-7983</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:affiliation id="7817033B157E95E7D43E5500D0108791">Zoological Survey of India, New Alipore, Kolkata- 700053, West Bengal, India & nsgill 007 @ gmail. com; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0002 - 6657 - 7983</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:nameIdentifier id="F672228CACC0887C8772AB7F716B4204" type="email">nsgill007@gmail.com</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:typeOfResource id="CFFDD2A750B41CFA64122F784F0A86DF">text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:title id="45F5A6A9687ACE15C9D7B327335F584E">Zootaxa</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:part id="17BB12C13F8B447B2D65369D420FBA24">
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<mods:date id="2269F2AD8CC3182BA5722885CACF8709">2023</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="2BD7C7A2362B288C51E02920E50E5B74">2023-08-03</mods:number>
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<mods:detail id="2D4E64F0E0EE2D4A3904A8AC1DD78869" type="volume">
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<mods:number id="899B899D2FB07BC1DC8B239DC80994F5">5323</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:detail id="F3A5A38748CD29C75F07D70880418706" type="issue">
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<mods:number id="D577A06BD5759BBCFEAA574A7D6DF046">4</mods:number>
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<mods:start id="06E52A57E5822FB9C790F33587DBCE89">499</mods:start>
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<mods:end id="B3EBCA68B5628BF2CC898C70F6C00384">523</mods:end>
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<mods:url id="78EB7918955611DEB20CF4FF1F6C6A51">http://dx.doi.org/10.1094/PDIS-04-22-0755-PDN</mods:url>
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<mods:classification id="55E0F24D46E96D1C1ECAB57AFFD03591">journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier id="9BA0EC08D1E01EB9AC9394F8F14B47DE" type="DOI">10.11646/zootaxa.5323.4.3</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="1ACE8B51819F7FDC1A239CF29D35739E" type="ISSN">1175-5326</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="D7A19B72FF862BEA3A8C214DBF4DF1F1" type="ZooBank">0001D6C5-9616-44A3-98F4-CE4CCA0F2826</mods:identifier>
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</mods:mods>
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<treatment id="E36F1F4DFFE0FFECFF11F9FD26EFFD33" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:E36F1F4DFFE0FFECFF11F9FD26EFFD33" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/E36F1F4DFFE0FFECFF11F9FD26EFFD33" lastPageId="13" lastPageNumber="512" pageId="12" pageNumber="511">
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<subSubSection id="23DCFDD0FFE0FFEDFF11F9FD260AF991" box="[151,606,1621,1648]" pageId="12" pageNumber="511" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="6B79AE5BFFE0FFEDFF11F9FD260AF991" blockId="12.[151,606,1621,1684]" box="[151,606,1621,1648]" pageId="12" pageNumber="511">
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<heading id="30311937FFE0FFEDFF11F9FD260AF991" bold="true" box="[151,606,1621,1648]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="12" pageNumber="511" reason="1">
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<treatmentCitationGroup id="4BD68975FFE0FFEDFF11F9FD260AF991" box="[151,606,1621,1648]" pageId="12" pageNumber="511">
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<treatmentCitation id="EA67884AFFE0FFEDFF11F9FD260AF991" author="Butler, A. G." box="[151,606,1621,1648]" page="223" pageId="12" pageNumber="511" year="1880">
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<taxonomicName id="ACC6D5D8FFE0FFEDFF11F9FD260AF991" ID-CoL="4KKHV" authority="Butler, 1880: 223" authorityName="Butler" authorityPageNumber="223" authorityYear="1880" box="[151,606,1621,1648]" class="Insecta" family="Geometridae" genus="Plutodes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="12" pageNumber="511" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="flavescens">
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<emphasis id="59B27249FFE0FFEDFF11F9FD260AF991" bold="true" box="[151,606,1621,1648]" pageId="12" pageNumber="511">
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<emphasis id="59B27249FFE0FFEDFF11F9FD25D7F98E" bold="true" box="[151,387,1621,1648]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="511">Plutodes flavescens</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="0F57D3AAFFE0FFEDFE0CF9FD260AF991" author="Butler, A. G." box="[394,606,1621,1647]" pageId="12" pageNumber="511" pagination="214 - 230" refId="ref13011" refString="Butler, A. G. (1880) Descriptions of new Species of Asiatic Lepidoptera Heterocera. The Annals and magazine of natural history, 6, 214 - 230. https: // doi. org / 10.1080 / 00222938009458925" type="journal article" year="1880">Butler, 1880: 223</bibRefCitation>
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</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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</treatmentCitation>
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</treatmentCitationGroup>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="23DCFDD0FFE0FFEDFF11F9D1253DF928" pageId="12" pageNumber="511" type="description">
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<paragraph id="6B79AE5BFFE0FFEDFF11F9D1252FF96A" blockId="12.[151,606,1621,1684]" box="[151,379,1657,1684]" pageId="12" pageNumber="511">
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(
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<figureCitation id="F3FDB2DEFFE0FFEDFF19F9D12575F96D" box="[159,289,1657,1683]" captionStart="FIGURES 10–17" captionStartId="11.[152,270,1943,1967]" captionTargetBox="[213,1383,192,1910]" captionTargetId="figure-20@11.[204,1383,181,1920]" captionTargetPageId="11" captionText="FIGURES 10–17. Habitus of Plutodes spp. 10–11, P. nilgirica, male, Kalakad WLS (Image source, Dr. D. Sţning); 12–13, P. subcaudata, male, Darjeeling (Image source, Dr. D. Sţning); 14–15, P. exquisita, female, Singtam; 16–17, P. flavescens, male, Singtam. Ventral sides: 11, 13, 15, 17." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8212364" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8212364/files/figure.png" pageId="12" pageNumber="511">Figs 16–17</figureCitation>
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,
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<figureCitation id="F3FDB2DEFFE0FFEDFEAAF9D12520F96A" box="[300,372,1657,1684]" captionStart="FIGURES 44–49" captionStartId="19.[152,270,1916,1940]" captionTargetBox="[154,1426,192,1882]" captionTargetId="figure-20@19.[151,1436,181,1892]" captionTargetPageId="19" captionText="FIGURES 44–49. Genitalia of Plutodes spp. 44–45, P. flavescens, male, Singtam: 44, ventral view, 45, aedeagus; 46–47, P. pseudocyclaria, male, Munnar: 46, ventral view, 47, aedeagus (vesica not fully everted); 48–49, P. discigera, male, Chatakpur: 48, ventral view, 49, aedeagus." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8212376" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8212376/files/figure.png" pageId="12" pageNumber="511">44–45</figureCitation>
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)
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||
</paragraph>
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||
<paragraph id="6B79AE5BFFE0FFEDFF11F916253DF928" blockId="12.[151,361,1726,1750]" box="[151,361,1726,1750]" pageId="12" pageNumber="511">
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||
<emphasis id="59B27249FFE0FFEDFF11F9162495F928" bold="true" box="[151,193,1726,1750]" pageId="12" pageNumber="511">TL:</emphasis>
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N.E. Himalayas
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</paragraph>
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||
</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="23DCFDD0FFE0FFEDFF11F8AC27F1F808" pageId="12" pageNumber="511" type="materials_examined">
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<paragraph id="6B79AE5BFFE0FFEDFF11F8AC27F1F808" blockId="12.[151,1436,1796,2039]" pageId="12" pageNumber="511">
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<emphasis id="59B27249FFE0FFEDFF11F8AC25D7F8E0" bold="true" box="[151,387,1796,1822]" pageId="12" pageNumber="511">Material examined:</emphasis>
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<materialsCitation id="DBAEA406FFE0FFEDFE0CF8AC27A7F898" collectingDate="2011-09-16" collectingDateMax="2018-11-08" collectingDateMin="2011-09-16" collectionCode="T" collectorName="A. K. Sanyal & M. Singh" country="India" county="Dibang valley" location="Chapupani" municipality="Anini" pageId="12" pageNumber="511" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-female="1" stateProvince="Arunachal Pradesh">
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<emphasis id="59B27249FFE0FFEDFE0CF8AC259EF8E0" bold="true" box="[394,458,1796,1822]" pageId="12" pageNumber="511">
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<collectingCountry id="13D1EECBFFE0FFEDFE0CF8AC259EF8E0" box="[394,458,1796,1822]" name="India" pageId="12" pageNumber="511">India</collectingCountry>
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</emphasis>
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,
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||
<emphasis id="59B27249FFE0FFEDFE51F8AC2694F8E0" bold="true" box="[471,704,1796,1822]" pageId="12" pageNumber="511">
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<collectingRegion id="A90260B9FFE0FFEDFE51F8AC2694F8E0" box="[471,704,1796,1822]" country="India" name="Arunachal Pradesh" pageId="12" pageNumber="511">Arunachal Pradesh</collectingRegion>
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</emphasis>
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||
,
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||
<collectingCounty id="8218D6D7FFE0FFEDFD4BF8AC273FF8E0" box="[717,875,1796,1822]" pageId="12" pageNumber="511">Dibang valley</collectingCounty>
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||
dist.: 1 Ô,
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||
<collectingMunicipality id="8B1D3421FFE0FFEDFC60F8AC207DF8E0" box="[998,1065,1796,1822]" pageId="12" pageNumber="511">Anini</collectingMunicipality>
|
||
,
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||
<location id="6E19F880FFE0FFEDFBB2F8AC20E4F8E0" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:E36F1F4DFFE0FFECFF11F9FD26EFFD33:6E19F880FFE0FFEDFBB2F8AC20E4F8E0" box="[1076,1200,1796,1822]" country="India" county="Dibang valley" municipality="Anini" name="Chapupani" pageId="12" pageNumber="511" stateProvince="Arunachal Pradesh">Chapupani</location>
|
||
,
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||
<date id="1F78889BFFE0FFEDFB3DF8AC2178F8E0" box="[1211,1324,1796,1822]" pageId="12" pageNumber="511" value="2017-05-30">
|
||
<collectingDate id="0F3C7173FFE0FFEDFB3DF8AC2178F8E0" box="[1211,1324,1796,1822]" pageId="12" pageNumber="511" value="2017-05-30">30.v.2017</collectingDate>
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||
</date>
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||
, leg.
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||
<collectorName id="C633CB8DFFE0FFEDFAE0F8AC24B7F8BC" pageId="12" pageNumber="511">A.K. Sanyal</collectorName>
|
||
& party (13667/H10, NZCZSI), 5 Ô,
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||
<specimenCount id="7DC065D2FFE0FFEDFD11F8802696F8BD" box="[663,706,1832,1859]" pageId="12" pageNumber="511" type="female">1 ♀</specimenCount>
|
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,
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||
<location id="6E19F880FFE0FFEDFD57F8802740F8BC" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:E36F1F4DFFE0FFECFF11F9FD26EFFD33:6E19F880FFE0FFEDFD57F8802740F8BC" box="[721,788,1832,1858]" country="India" county="Dibang valley" municipality="Anini" name="Hunli" pageId="12" pageNumber="511" stateProvince="Arunachal Pradesh">Hunli</location>
|
||
,
|
||
<date id="1F78889BFFE0FFEDFCA6F88027CDF8BC" box="[800,921,1832,1858]" pageId="12" pageNumber="511" value="2011-09-16">
|
||
<collectingDate id="0F3C7173FFE0FFEDFCA6F88027CDF8BC" box="[800,921,1832,1858]" pageId="12" pageNumber="511" value="2011-09-16">16.ix.2011</collectingDate>
|
||
</date>
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||
, leg.
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||
<collectionCode id="0DD7369EFFE0FFEDFC51F88127BDF8BD" box="[983,1001,1833,1859]" name="Tavera, Department of Geology and Geophysics" pageId="12" pageNumber="511">T</collectionCode>
|
||
. Goyal (13671/H10, NZCZSI);
|
||
<location id="6E19F880FFE0FFEDFAD5F881256FF898" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:E36F1F4DFFE0FFECFF11F9FD26EFFD33:6E19F880FFE0FFEDFAD5F881256FF898" country="India" county="Dibang valley" municipality="Anini" name="Lower Subansiri dist." pageId="12" pageNumber="511" stateProvince="Arunachal Pradesh">Lower Subansiri dist.</location>
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||
: 1 Ô, Yachuli,
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||
<date id="1F78889BFFE0FFEDFE5AF8E4261CF898" box="[476,584,1868,1894]" pageId="12" pageNumber="511" value="2018-11-08">
|
||
<collectingDate id="0F3C7173FFE0FFEDFE5AF8E4261CF898" box="[476,584,1868,1894]" pageId="12" pageNumber="511" value="2018-11-08">8.xi.2018</collectingDate>
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||
</date>
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||
, leg.
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||
<collectorName id="C633CB8DFFE0FFEDFD04F8E526BDF898" box="[642,745,1868,1895]" pageId="12" pageNumber="511">M. Singh</collectorName>
|
||
(13670/H10, NZCZSI)
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
<materialsCitation id="DBAEA406FFE0FFEDFC7AF8E427A2F82C" collectingDate="2019-07-26" collectingDateMax="2019-11-22" collectingDateMin="2019-07-26" collectorName="M. Singh & A. K. Sanyal" country="India" county="Gangtok dist." location="West Sikkim dist." municipality="Singtam" pageId="12" pageNumber="511" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Sikkim">
|
||
<emphasis id="59B27249FFE0FFEDFC7AF8E42006F898" bold="true" box="[1020,1106,1868,1894]" pageId="12" pageNumber="511">
|
||
<collectingRegion id="A90260B9FFE0FFEDFC7AF8E42006F898" box="[1020,1106,1868,1894]" country="India" name="Sikkim" pageId="12" pageNumber="511">Sikkim</collectingRegion>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingCounty id="8218D6D7FFE0FFEDFBD8F8E420ACF898" box="[1118,1272,1868,1894]" pageId="12" pageNumber="511">Gangtok dist.</collectingCounty>
|
||
: 1 Ô,
|
||
<collectingMunicipality id="8B1D3421FFE0FFEDFABEF8E421CCF898" box="[1336,1432,1868,1894]" pageId="12" pageNumber="511">Singtam</collectingMunicipality>
|
||
,
|
||
<date id="1F78889BFFE0FFEDFF11F8D8254EF874" box="[151,282,1904,1930]" pageId="12" pageNumber="511" value="2019-07-26">
|
||
<collectingDate id="0F3C7173FFE0FFEDFF11F8D8254EF874" box="[151,282,1904,1930]" pageId="12" pageNumber="511" value="2019-07-26">26.vii.2019</collectingDate>
|
||
</date>
|
||
, leg.
|
||
<collectorName id="C633CB8DFFE0FFEDFEDEF8D92595F874" box="[344,449,1904,1931]" pageId="12" pageNumber="511">M. Singh</collectorName>
|
||
(13672/H10, NZCZSI);
|
||
<location id="6E19F880FFE0FFEDFD5AF8D927FDF874" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:E36F1F4DFFE0FFECFF11F9FD26EFFD33:6E19F880FFE0FFEDFD5AF8D927FDF874" box="[732,937,1904,1931]" country="India" county="Gangtok dist." municipality="Singtam" name="West Sikkim dist." pageId="12" pageNumber="511" stateProvince="Sikkim">West Sikkim dist.</location>
|
||
: 2 Ô, Nerdang,
|
||
<date id="1F78889BFFE0FFEDFBD9F8D82098F874" box="[1119,1228,1904,1930]" pageId="12" pageNumber="511" value="2019-11-03">
|
||
<collectingDate id="0F3C7173FFE0FFEDFBD9F8D82098F874" box="[1119,1228,1904,1930]" pageId="12" pageNumber="511" value="2019-11-03">3.xi.2019</collectingDate>
|
||
</date>
|
||
, leg.
|
||
<collectorName id="C633CB8DFFE0FFEDFA8FF8D821C8F874" box="[1289,1436,1904,1931]" pageId="12" pageNumber="511">A. K. Sanyal</collectorName>
|
||
& party (13668–69/H10, NZCZSI), 1 Ô, Yoksum,
|
||
<date id="1F78889BFFE0FFEDFD5AF83C2702F850" box="[732,854,1940,1966]" pageId="12" pageNumber="511" value="2019-11-19">
|
||
<collectingDate id="0F3C7173FFE0FFEDFD5AF83C2702F850" box="[732,854,1940,1966]" pageId="12" pageNumber="511" value="2019-11-19">19.xi.2019</collectingDate>
|
||
</date>
|
||
, leg.
|
||
<collectorName id="C633CB8DFFE0FFEDFC12F83C207CF850" box="[916,1064,1940,1967]" pageId="12" pageNumber="511">A. K. Sanyal</collectorName>
|
||
& party (13665/H10, NZCZSI), 1 Ô, Yoksum,
|
||
<date id="1F78889BFFE0FFEDFEB9F81025EEF82C" box="[319,442,1976,2002]" pageId="12" pageNumber="511" value="2019-11-22">
|
||
<collectingDate id="0F3C7173FFE0FFEDFEB9F81025EEF82C" box="[319,442,1976,2002]" pageId="12" pageNumber="511" value="2019-11-22">22.xi.2019</collectingDate>
|
||
</date>
|
||
, leg.
|
||
<collectorName id="C633CB8DFFE0FFEDFE7EF81026D0F82C" box="[504,644,1976,2002]" pageId="12" pageNumber="511">A.K. Sanyal</collectorName>
|
||
& party (13666/H10, NZCZSI)
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
<materialsCitation id="DBAEA406FFE0FFEDFB84F81027F5F808" collectingDate="2019-08-06" collectionCode="R" collectorName="Lenka" country="India" location="Charkhole" municipality="Darjeeling dist." pageId="12" pageNumber="511" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="West Bengal">
|
||
<emphasis id="59B27249FFE0FFEDFB84F81020CCF82C" bold="true" box="[1026,1176,1976,2002]" pageId="12" pageNumber="511">
|
||
<collectingRegion id="A90260B9FFE0FFEDFB84F81020CCF82C" box="[1026,1176,1976,2002]" country="India" name="West Bengal" pageId="12" pageNumber="511">West Bengal</collectingRegion>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingMunicipality id="8B1D3421FFE0FFEDFB2FF8102108F82C" box="[1193,1372,1976,2002]" pageId="12" pageNumber="511">Darjeeling dist.</collectingMunicipality>
|
||
: 1 Ô,
|
||
<location id="6E19F880FFE0FFEDFF11F874255BF808" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:E36F1F4DFFE0FFECFF11F9FD26EFFD33:6E19F880FFE0FFEDFF11F874255BF808" box="[151,271,2012,2038]" country="India" municipality="Darjeeling dist." name="Charkhole" pageId="12" pageNumber="511" stateProvince="West Bengal">Charkhole</location>
|
||
,
|
||
<date id="1F78889BFFE0FFEDFE9CF87425C2F808" box="[282,406,2012,2038]" pageId="12" pageNumber="511" value="2019-08-06">
|
||
<collectingDate id="0F3C7173FFE0FFEDFE9CF87425C2F808" box="[282,406,2012,2038]" pageId="12" pageNumber="511" value="2019-08-06">6.viii.2019</collectingDate>
|
||
</date>
|
||
, leg.
|
||
<collectionCode id="0DD7369EFFE0FFEDFE57F87525B3F809" box="[465,487,2013,2039]" country="Chile" name="Departamento de Geologia, Universidad de Chile" pageId="12" pageNumber="511">R</collectionCode>
|
||
.
|
||
<collectorName id="C633CB8DFFE0FFEDFE74F874266CF808" box="[498,568,2012,2038]" pageId="12" pageNumber="511">Lenka</collectorName>
|
||
& party (13673/H10, NZCZSI)
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="23DCFDD0FFE1FFECFF41FF3E2702FE0B" pageId="13" pageNumber="512" type="diagnosis">
|
||
<paragraph id="6B79AE5BFFE1FFECFF41FF3E2702FE0B" blockId="13.[151,1437,150,717]" pageId="13" pageNumber="512">
|
||
<emphasis id="59B27249FFE1FFECFF41FF3E2510FF4E" bold="true" box="[199,324,150,176]" pageId="13" pageNumber="512">Diagnosis:</emphasis>
|
||
Forewing length: Ô
|
||
<quantity id="AC3E03BEFFE1FFECFDBEFF3F26E3FF4F" box="[568,695,151,177]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.45" metricValueMax="1.6" metricValueMin="1.3" pageId="13" pageNumber="512" unit="mm" value="14.5" valueMax="16.0" valueMin="13.0">13–16 mm</quantity>
|
||
.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="ACC6D5D8FFE1FFECFD42FF3F27F7FF4F" authorityName="Butler" authorityYear="1880" box="[708,931,151,177]" class="Insecta" family="Geometridae" genus="Plutodes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="13" pageNumber="512" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="flavescens">
|
||
<emphasis id="59B27249FFE1FFECFD42FF3F27F7FF4F" box="[708,931,151,177]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="512">Plutodes flavescens</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
belongs to the ‘
|
||
<taxonomicName id="ACC6D5D8FFE1FFECFBE4FF3F20EAFF4F" authorityName="Guenee" authorityYear="1858" box="[1122,1214,151,177]" class="Insecta" family="Geometridae" genus="Plutodes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="13" pageNumber="512" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="cyclaria">
|
||
<emphasis id="59B27249FFE1FFECFBE4FF3F20EAFF4F" box="[1122,1214,151,177]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="512">cyclaria</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
species group’ and closely resembles
|
||
<taxonomicName id="ACC6D5D8FFE1FFECFEE1FF1326D6FF2B" authority="Butler, 1880" authorityName="Butler" authorityYear="1880" box="[359,642,187,213]" class="Insecta" family="Geometridae" genus="Plutodes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="13" pageNumber="512" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="discigera">
|
||
<emphasis id="59B27249FFE1FFECFEE1FF1325B8FF2B" box="[359,492,187,213]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="512">P. discigera</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="0F57D3AAFFE1FFECFE73FF1326D6FF2B" author="Butler, A. G." box="[501,642,187,213]" pageId="13" pageNumber="512" pagination="214 - 230" refId="ref13011" refString="Butler, A. G. (1880) Descriptions of new Species of Asiatic Lepidoptera Heterocera. The Annals and magazine of natural history, 6, 214 - 230. https: // doi. org / 10.1080 / 00222938009458925" type="journal article" year="1880">Butler, 1880</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="ACC6D5D8FFE1FFECFD3DFF13279EFF2B" authority="Prout, 1926" authorityName="Prout" authorityYear="1926" box="[699,970,187,213]" class="Insecta" family="Geometridae" genus="Plutodes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="13" pageNumber="512" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="philornis">
|
||
<emphasis id="59B27249FFE1FFECFD3DFF132769FF2B" box="[699,829,187,213]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="512">P. philornis</emphasis>
|
||
Prout, 1926
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="0F57D3AAFFE1FFECFC5CFF13214AFF2B" author="Yazaki, K. & Wang, M." box="[986,1310,187,213]" pageId="13" pageNumber="512" pagination="117 - 126" refId="ref15532" refString="Yazaki, K. & Wang, M. (2004) Notes on geometrid moths (Lepidoptera, Geometridae) from Nanling Mts, S. China (III). Tinea, 18, 117 - 126." type="journal article" year="2004">Yazaki and Wang 2004: 118</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, fig. 11) in external appearance. The identifying character that separates this species from its allied congeners is the highly zigzag shaped, rufous line with multiple angles which traverses the distal patches on both the wings. This line looks darker due to the presence of a faint yellowish background which is lacking in other species of the group. In
|
||
<taxonomicName id="ACC6D5D8FFE1FFECFA0EFE8F24ABFE9B" authorityName="Butler" authorityYear="1880" class="Insecta" family="Geometridae" genus="Plutodes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="13" pageNumber="512" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="discigera">
|
||
<emphasis id="59B27249FFE1FFECFA0EFE8F24ABFE9B" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="512">P. discigera</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, the same line is irregular and slightly paler, and in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="ACC6D5D8FFE1FFECFCC1FEE3279CFE9B" authorityName="Prout" authorityYear="1926" box="[839,968,331,357]" class="Insecta" family="Geometridae" genus="Plutodes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="13" pageNumber="512" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="philornis">
|
||
<emphasis id="59B27249FFE1FFECFCC1FEE3279CFE9B" box="[839,968,331,357]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="512">P. philornis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, it is curved with a single angle medially, on the distal patch of forewing, forming the silhouette of flying bird. The male genitalia have a characteristic uncus with a large spatulate tip and valva with a sacculus having an internal row of short and pointed dentation, a ventral, subapical, small, curved spine and a slender, acute, distal spine-like extension. The aedeagus is slightly curved and slender, and the vesica has a small basal patch of short cornuti.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="23DCFDD0FFE1FFECFF41FE5621DFFD9F" pageId="13" pageNumber="512" type="distribution">
|
||
<paragraph id="6B79AE5BFFE1FFECFF41FE5621DFFD9F" blockId="13.[151,1437,150,717]" pageId="13" pageNumber="512">
|
||
<emphasis id="59B27249FFE1FFECFF41FE5625E1FDE6" bold="true" box="[199,437,510,536]" pageId="13" pageNumber="512">
|
||
Distribution:
|
||
<collectingCountry id="13D1EECBFFE1FFECFEEAFE5625E4FDE6" box="[364,432,510,536]" name="India" pageId="13" pageNumber="512">India</collectingCountry>
|
||
:
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
<collectingRegion id="A90260B9FFE1FFECFE39FE5726CDFDE7" box="[447,665,511,537]" country="India" name="Arunachal Pradesh" pageId="13" pageNumber="512">Arunachal Pradesh</collectingRegion>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingRegion id="A90260B9FFE1FFECFD23FE5726A0FDE7" box="[677,756,511,537]" country="India" name="Assam" pageId="13" pageNumber="512">Assam</collectingRegion>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingRegion id="A90260B9FFE1FFECFC84FE57272AFDE7" box="[770,894,511,537]" country="India" name="Meghalaya" pageId="13" pageNumber="512">Meghalaya</collectingRegion>
|
||
(Khasia Hills),
|
||
<collectingRegion id="A90260B9FFE1FFECFBBFFE5720D9FDE7" box="[1081,1165,511,537]" country="India" name="Sikkim" pageId="13" pageNumber="512">Sikkim</collectingRegion>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingRegion id="A90260B9FFE1FFECFB1CFE57217EFDE7" box="[1178,1322,511,537]" country="India" name="West Bengal" pageId="13" pageNumber="512">West Bengal</collectingRegion>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="0F57D3AAFFE1FFECFABDFE57256EFDC3" author="Cotes, E. C. & Swinhoe, C." pageId="13" pageNumber="512" refId="ref13228" refString="Cotes, E. C. & Swinhoe, C. (1887) Catalogue of the Moths of India. Part. I. Sphinges. Printed by Order of the trustees of the Indian Museum, Calcutta, 812 pp. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. title. 10967" type="book" year="1887">Cotes & Swinhoe 1887</bibRefCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="0F57D3AAFFE1FFECFEC5FD8B25B2FDC3" author="Swinhoe, C." box="[323,486,547,573]" pageId="13" pageNumber="512" refId="ref15080" refString="Swinhoe, C. (1900) Catalogue of Eastern and Australian Lepidoptera Heterocera. Part II. Henry Frowde M. A., the University of Oxford, London, Edinburgh and New York, 630 pp." type="book" year="1900">Swinhoe 1900</bibRefCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="0F57D3AAFFE1FFECFE68FD8B26B6FDC3" author="Arandhara, S. & Barman, S. & Tanti, R. & Boruah, A." box="[494,738,547,573]" pageId="13" pageNumber="512" pagination="1612 - 1621" refId="ref12961" refString="Arandhara, S., Barman, S., Tanti, R. & Boruah, A. (2017) Macro moths of Tinsukia district, Assam: A provisional inventory. Journal of Entomology and Zoology Studies, 5 (6), 1612 - 1621." type="journal article" year="2017">
|
||
Arandhara
|
||
<emphasis id="59B27249FFE1FFECFDEFFD8B26F4FDC3" box="[617,672,547,573]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="512">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
2017
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
<emphasis id="59B27249FFE1FFECFD75FD8A2719FDC2" bold="true" box="[755,845,546,572]" pageId="13" pageNumber="512">Global:</emphasis>
|
||
China, Indonesia (Borneo, Sumatra, Java), Malaysia, Nepal, Thailand (Holloway [1994],
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="0F57D3AAFFE1FFECFDAEFDEF26E3FD9F" author="Yazaki, K." box="[552,695,583,609]" pageId="13" pageNumber="512" pagination="5 - 40" refId="ref15666" refString="Yazaki, K. (1994) Geometridae. In: Haruta, T. (Ed.), Moths of Nepal. Part 3. Tinea 14 (Supplement 1). The Japan Heterocerists' Society, Tokyo, pp. 5 - 40." type="book chapter" year="1994">Yazaki 1994</bibRefCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="0F57D3AAFFE1FFECFD44FDEF2733FD9F" author="Michaux, B." box="[706,871,583,609]" pageId="13" pageNumber="512" pagination="167 - 183" refId="ref14119" refString="Michaux, B. (1996) The origin of southwest Sulawesi and other Indonesian terranes: a biological view. Paleogeography, Paleoclimatology, Paleoecology, 122, 167 - 183. https: // doi. org / 10.1016 / 0031 - 0182 (95) 00100 - X" type="journal article" year="1996">Michaux 1996</bibRefCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="0F57D3AAFFE1FFECFCF4FDEF202CFD9F" author="Kendrick, R. C. & Ades, G. W. J." box="[882,1144,583,609]" pageId="13" pageNumber="512" refId="ref13852" refString="Kendrick, R. C. & Ades, G. W. J. (2004) Hong Kong Fauna: A Checklist of Selected Taxa, Second edition. Fauna Conservation Department, Kadoorie Farm & Botanic Garden Corporation, Lam Kam Road, Tai Po, Hong Kong, 84 pp." type="book" year="2004">Kendrick & Ades 2004</bibRefCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="0F57D3AAFFE1FFECFB05FDEF212BFD9F" author="Kocak, A. O. & Kemal, M." box="[1155,1407,583,609]" pageId="13" pageNumber="512" pagination="1 - 186" refId="ref14044" refString="Kocak, A. O. & Kemal, M. (2010) Lepidoptera of Thailand. Cesa News, 60, 1 - 186." type="journal article" year="2010">Koçak & Kemal 2010</bibRefCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="23DCFDD0FFE1FFECFF41FDC326EFFD33" pageId="13" pageNumber="512" type="discussion">
|
||
<paragraph id="6B79AE5BFFE1FFECFF41FDC326EFFD33" blockId="13.[151,1437,150,717]" pageId="13" pageNumber="512">
|
||
<emphasis id="59B27249FFE1FFECFF41FDC32569FD7B" bold="true" box="[199,317,619,645]" pageId="13" pageNumber="512">Remarks:</emphasis>
|
||
Due to external similarity,
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="0F57D3AAFFE1FFECFDE0FDC32775FD7B" author="Hampson, G. F." box="[614,801,618,645]" pageId="13" pageNumber="512" refId="ref13457" refString="Hampson, G. F. (1895) Fauna of British India, Moths, including Ceylon and Burma. Vol. III. Taylor and Francis, London, 546 pp." type="book" year="1895">Hampson (1895)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
and
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="0F57D3AAFFE1FFECFCD5FDC32051FD7B" author="Swinhoe, C." box="[851,1029,619,645]" pageId="13" pageNumber="512" refId="ref15080" refString="Swinhoe, C. (1900) Catalogue of Eastern and Australian Lepidoptera Heterocera. Part II. Henry Frowde M. A., the University of Oxford, London, Edinburgh and New York, 630 pp." type="book" year="1900">Swinhoe (1900)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
treated
|
||
<taxonomicName id="ACC6D5D8FFE1FFECFBDDFDC320BCFD7B" authorityName="Butler" authorityYear="1880" box="[1115,1256,619,645]" class="Insecta" family="Geometridae" genus="Plutodes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="13" pageNumber="512" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="flavescens">
|
||
<emphasis id="59B27249FFE1FFECFBDDFDC320BCFD7B" box="[1115,1256,619,645]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="512">P. flavescens</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="ACC6D5D8FFE1FFECFA9CFDC321C8FD7B" authorityName="Butler" authorityYear="1880" box="[1306,1436,619,645]" class="Insecta" family="Geometridae" genus="Plutodes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="13" pageNumber="512" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="discigera">
|
||
<emphasis id="59B27249FFE1FFECFA9CFDC321C8FD7B" box="[1306,1436,619,645]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="512">P. discigera</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
as a single species. This species also flies in the mid to upper montane semi-evergreen undisturbed forests up to
|
||
<quantity id="AC3E03BEFFE1FFECFF11FD1B24BAFD33" box="[151,238,691,717]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.2" pageId="13" pageNumber="512" unit="m" value="2200.0">2200 m</quantity>
|
||
, mostly during the post-monsoon period.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |