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<document id="8D836BCC2BF19D09E0BAEA46445DA4F7" ID-DOI="10.3897/zookeys.1221.128260" ID-ZooBank="EE34B942-57D8-456C-A6D5-F8046BB3A71E" ID-publisher-id="128260" URI-arpha="195259A7-123E-5C3B-92CB-85F177F902A1" URI-zoobank="http://zoobank.org/EE34B942-57D8-456C-A6D5-F8046BB3A71E" XM.bibliography_approvedBy="admin" XM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="admin" XM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="admin" article-type="research-article" checkinTime="1734081380711" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Cuadrado, Daniel, Hernández-Gonzalez, Alejandro, Noreña, Carolina &amp; Simões, Nuno" docDate="2024" docId="E227B06F459A5DB291FF641660633289" docLanguage="en" docName="ZooKeys 1221: 103-144" docOrigin="ZooKeys 1221" docSource="https://zookeys.pensoft.net/article/128260/download/xml/" docStyle="DocumentStyle:PensoftTaxPub.0000.journal_article.generic" docStyleName="PensoftTaxPub.0000.journal_article.generic" docTitle="Pseudoceros bolool Newman &amp; Cannon 1994" docType="treatment" docVersion="2" dtd-version="3.0" lastPageNumber="144" masterDocId="195259A7123E5C3B92CB85F177F902A1" masterDocTitle="Polyclads (Platyhelminthes) in the southern Gulf of Mexico: unveiling biodiversity and descriptions of two new species" masterLastPageNumber="144" masterPageNumber="103" pageNumber="103" updateTime="1734631564605" updateUser="admin">
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<mods:title id="DDEA096C282712CDB339C1F5B690AEFF">Polyclads (Platyhelminthes) in the southern Gulf of Mexico: unveiling biodiversity and descriptions of two new species</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="C561681C97D876577F80AEDD6BF05346">Cuadrado, Daniel</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="19EB20437EF8D58FBE13ED3BB3DF6398">Department of Biodiversity and Evolutionary Biology, National Museum of Natural Science, MNCN (CSIC), Madrid 28006, Spain</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="B2EB9EFC28083665CC312D27866AAFCD">Hernández-Gonzalez, Alejandro</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="07B1167DAE5441FF35FBF9F0F5717F3C">Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Merida, Mexico</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="FF41ADBC3259DAE984D2C00F4383588E">Noreña, Carolina</mods:namePart>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="E336F7E6F5B6BA9CBD91800F821B1ED7" type="ORCID">0000-0002-4580-7460</mods:nameIdentifier>
<mods:affiliation id="142809AFB19194A2F809A36CCA90D8A5">Department of Biodiversity and Evolutionary Biology, National Museum of Natural Science, MNCN (CSIC), Madrid 28006, Spain</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="2220C6B15D635E01CD4A0C6518E850FB">Simões, Nuno</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="2F40335B80AEFE85DBB01B6F5FD1762C">Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Merida, Mexico &amp; Laboratorio Nacional de Resiliencia Costera, México, Mexico &amp; International Chair for Coastal and Marine Studies, Harte Research Institute for Gulf of Mexico Studies, Corpus Christi, USA</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:number id="5340647887CFDC71D588832ABE14C4FC">1221</mods:number>
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<treatment id="E227B06F459A5DB291FF641660633289" ID-arpha="E227B06F-459A-5DB2-91FF-641660633289" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:E227B06F459A5DB291FF641660633289" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/E227B06F459A5DB291FF641660633289" scope_family="Pseudocerotidae" scope_order="Polycladida" scope_phylum="Platyhelminthes" scope_subOrder="Cotylea">
<subSubSection id="39CB3C5555EBFF310173397A98F4702B" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="8220490D5A540912AF3C3A487E7E44A6">
<taxonomicName id="B02E47153EDEFC3802A877DA161BFA0A" ID-CoL="4NSTV" authority="Newman &amp; Cannon, 1994" authorityName="Newman &amp; Cannon" authorityYear="1994" family="Pseudocerotidae" genus="Pseudoceros" kingdom="Animalia" order="Polycladida" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="bolool">
<emphasis id="3202873A3C9BA7FCA72363FE8455EC5C" italics="true">Pseudoceros bolool</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="87FED07D7337305C179F04ADC1FF3D2F" author="Newman LJ &amp; Cannon LR" journalOrPublisher="Memoirs of the Queensland Museum" pagination="205-266" refId="B47" refString="Newman LJ, Cannon LR (1994) Pseudoceros and Pseudobiceros (Platyhelminthes, Polycladida, Pseuodcerotidae) from eastern Australia and Papua New Guinea. Memoirs of the Queensland Museum 37: 205 - 266." title="Pseudoceros and Pseudobiceros (Platyhelminthes, Polycladida, Pseuodcerotidae) from eastern Australia and Papua New Guinea." volume="37" year="1994">Newman &amp; Cannon, 1994</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C003746D6CD099D9D229C333AA9451B8" type="description">
<paragraph id="F7CC113E2A5690196C73155BB4136D78">
<figureCitation id="E5B3FCE7DBABAC14BE913E4E68AFCF44" captionStart="Figure 10" captionStartId="F10" captionText="Figure 10. Pseudoceros bolool A detail of the shape of the pseudotentacles and cerebral eyes B dorsal view C ventral view." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1221.128260.figure10" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1197982">Fig. 10</figureCitation>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="SECID0E1ZAG" type="material">
<paragraph id="E6FFF3781399EF7FD6A1E68705D6725F">
<heading id="E32F9B44F7EE961B7B0D3EE153CBF951" reason="title">Material examined.</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="38C5426F44834F12D574EA19EE9368CD">
<materialsCitation id="09E27B56D22722EE2536737C758422A7" collectingDate="2018-04-24" collectionCode="CRPPY" collectorName="A. Hernandez" country="Mexico" elevation="3" latitude="20.2" location="Cayo Arcas" longLatPrecision="7618" longitude="-92.0" specimenCode="CRPPY-0079" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Campeche">
<emphasis id="A85F37196648514D2460BA61B53CF8B2" bold="true">
<collectingRegion id="0345AEBBEAE09BA17B07D2FD7C63761C" country="Mexico" name="Campeche">Campeche</collectingRegion>
coast,
<collectingCountry id="4AAD18B12D75BC871E00AC7010B83CD2" name="Mexico">Mexico</collectingCountry>
</emphasis>
• 1;
<location id="39094B4CC02B2434ACA4F6AAEF244070" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:E227B06F459A5DB291FF641660633289:39094B4CC02B2434ACA4F6AAEF244070" country="Mexico" latitude="20.2" longLatPrecision="7618" longitude="-92.0" name="Cayo Arcas" stateProvince="Campeche">Cayo Arcas</location>
;
<named-content content-type="dwc:verbatimCoordinates" id="NCID0EF1AG" specific-use="{&quot;type&quot;:&quot;Point&quot;,&quot;coordinates&quot;:[-92.000000,20.200000]}">
<geoCoordinate id="BD9D02E1F4D2BE01DC8A8C7ABBA88A8D" degrees="20.2" direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="5555" value="20.2">20.2°N</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="42294CB586D871D2FD7B657303CD5AFA" degrees="92.0" direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="5555" value="-92.0">92.0°W</geoCoordinate>
</named-content>
;
<quantity id="87E706BBB998229D8D199985B7BAC12A" metricMagnitude="0" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.2" unit="m" value="3.2">
<elevation id="65B875924F8704F4ED3E35EC03DEE741" metricMagnitude="0" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.2" unit="m" value="3.2">3.2 m</elevation>
</quantity>
;
<date id="55C72A8B48779C19CDE0285408630FAF" value="2018-04-24">
<collectingDate id="408DCE6566A04F530AAEC43A06DA3BCA" value="2018-04-24">24 Apr. 2018</collectingDate>
</date>
;
<collectorName id="CFBEC741BD8B961CBA31BA8E63E29440">A. Hernández</collectorName>
leg.;
<specimenCode id="221881DC64BF18AA9FDBA31D8F40B1B3">
<abbrev content-type="institution" id="ABBRID0EK1AG" xlink_title="Colección regional de Policladidos de la Península del Yucatán, Mexico">CRPPY</abbrev>
-0079
</specimenCode>
</materialsCitation>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="SECID0EP1AG" type="distribution">
<paragraph id="2367F5A27F94131CF0BEE79C8872F86B">
<heading id="2C78DA8892D7BEFB6AFA8B60FDDC0CBE" reason="title">Distribution.</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="C7C5B5D38426C5A11808C6B2A15D3E67">
Recorded in Heron Island and One Tree Island,
<collectingCountry id="D7DC5FC423EDE66F6B5DA992F117CEE5" name="Australia">Australia</collectingCountry>
;
<collectingRegion id="A688A95078B867362C567450E3E6305D" country="Papua New Guinea" name="Madang">Madang</collectingRegion>
,
<collectingCountry id="4861AAAD1D16178267265427AF8DA084" name="Papua New Guinea">Papua New Guinea</collectingCountry>
(
<bibRefCitation id="9C8147A5EBA45C45454C6849EA13EAC5" author="Newman and Cannon" firstAuthor="Newman" journalOrPublisher="Memoirs of the Queensland Museum" pagination="205-266" refId="B47" refString="Newman LJ, Cannon LR (1994) Pseudoceros and Pseudobiceros (Platyhelminthes, Polycladida, Pseuodcerotidae) from eastern Australia and Papua New Guinea. Memoirs of the Queensland Museum 37: 205266." title="Pseudoceros and Pseudobiceros (Platyhelminthes, Polycladida, Pseuodcerotidae) from eastern Australia and Papua New Guinea." volume="37" year="1994">Newman and Cannon 1994</bibRefCitation>
); Shivrajpur,
<collectingRegion id="97C28731A5519CE40D93BB9751A483FB" country="India" name="Gujarat">Gujarat</collectingRegion>
(
<bibRefCitation id="0D21625252D9373B81C7AABC811D3E4F" author="Thakkar" etAl="et al." firstAuthor="Thakkar" issue="5" journalOrPublisher="International Journal of Zoology Studies" pagination="56-57" refId="B71" refString="Thakkar NJ, Shah PD, Sarma KJ, Mankodi PC (2017) First record and description of marine flatworm Pseudoceros bolool (Newman &amp; cannon, 1994) from Gujarat state. International Journal of Zoology Studies 2 (5): 5657." title="First record and description of marine flatworm Pseudoceros bolool (Newman &amp; cannon, 1994) from Gujarat state." volume="2" year="2017">Thakkar et al. 2017</bibRefCitation>
); Andaman and Nicobar Island,
<collectingCountry id="2D1596584ED1031C81887453D952C64A" name="India">India</collectingCountry>
(
<bibRefCitation id="F11B5EBC4467ECBB8667EE25585B298C" author="Sreeraj and Raghunathan" firstAuthor="Sreeraj" journalOrPublisher="Proceedings of the International Academy of Ecology and Environmental Sciences" pagination="83-88" refId="B68" refString="Sreeraj CR, Raghunathan C (2015) A report on the coral reef dwelling polyclads of Nicobar Islands, India. Proceedings of the International Academy of Ecology and Environmental Sciences 5: 8388." title="A report on the coral reef dwelling polyclads of Nicobar Islands, India." volume="5" year="2015">Sreeraj and Raghunathan 2015</bibRefCitation>
); Caribbean Sea and Florida (
<bibRefCitation id="D14637CEA5FD065E826C0E8A0FD73357" DOI="10.1007/s00227-007-0845-3" author="Rawlinson" firstAuthor="Rawlinson" journalOrPublisher="Marine Biology" pagination="769-778" refId="B63" refString="Rawlinson K (2008) Biodiversity of coastal polyclad flatworm assemblages in the wider Caribbean. Marine Biology 153: 769778. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00227-007-0845-3." title="Biodiversity of coastal polyclad flatworm assemblages in the wider Caribbean." volume="153" year="2008">Rawlinson 2008</bibRefCitation>
). This is the first record for the Campeche coast. New record for the Gulf of Mexico.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="SECID0EF2AG" type="description">
<paragraph id="47573FB5785C8CF1A28428A07FD2B259">
<heading id="DB5D3676D6E7BE1DCD5A1FB565D78F67" reason="title">Description.</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="15D0AA36FE20FE859D5C3DC213ED7E82">
Body shape elongated with rounded anterior margin, tapering posteriorly,
<quantity id="6D6241A9B18CF9936132435A41B4A625" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.5" unit="cm" value="3.5">3.5 cm</quantity>
in length and
<quantity id="633DC27975F00EF82B880609F4935F99" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" unit="cm" value="1.0">1 cm</quantity>
in width. Margins slightly wavy. Ground colour velvety black, without any specific additional pattern, but with a small stain, devoid of pigment, present in area of cerebral eyes (Fig.
<figureCitation id="012896BB13F913D5CD38E576CDF681E6" captionStart="Figure 10" captionStartId="F10" captionText="Figure 10. Pseudoceros bolool A detail of the shape of the pseudotentacles and cerebral eyes B dorsal view C ventral view." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1221.128260.figure10" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1197982">10 A, B</figureCitation>
). Greyish ventrally. A characteristic bulge marks main intestinal trunk in body midline (Fig.
<figureCitation id="9FD488E2A110A8B09E4711E915A9E3C9" captionStart="Figure 10" captionStartId="F10" captionText="Figure 10. Pseudoceros bolool A detail of the shape of the pseudotentacles and cerebral eyes B dorsal view C ventral view." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1221.128260.figure10" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1197982">10 C</figureCitation>
). Pseudotentacles simple folds of anterior margin. Cluster of cerebral eyes horseshoe-shaped at anterior end (Fig.
<figureCitation id="1421714F053949B584C8B39A3C339881" captionStart="Figure 10" captionStartId="F10" captionText="Figure 10. Pseudoceros bolool A detail of the shape of the pseudotentacles and cerebral eyes B dorsal view C ventral view." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1221.128260.figure10" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1197982">10 A</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="SECID0EX2AG" type="remarks">
<paragraph id="EC09D03599204CCA6C42B968FFF577BA">
<heading id="D45DEE2C5EBDB636A86E46AA1A4C586E" reason="title">Remarks.</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="CB5CA8A739C27448817EAD3C1797B22A">
Within
<taxonomicName id="1793880CEBA53CC50A4E325BD1AFE781" authorityName="Lang" authorityYear="1884" family="Pseudocerotidae" genus="Pseudoceros" kingdom="Animalia" order="Polycladida" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="871945B877AA7A44C78F687D93D14149" italics="true">Pseudoceros</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="388227AEBEA135D0559BD86474F3B52B" authorityName="Newman &amp; Cannon" authorityYear="1994" family="Pseudocerotidae" genus="Pseudoceros" kingdom="Animalia" order="Polycladida" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="bolool">
<emphasis id="1B95D1689AFEE0A980F7FEEF3080AE7F" italics="true">P. bolool</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="F1826BCAF87AC40A3DC6A9038B341DA6" authority="(Blanchard, 1847)" baseAuthorityName="Blanchard" baseAuthorityYear="1847" family="Pseudocerotidae" genus="Pseudoceros" kingdom="Animalia" order="Polycladida" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="velutinus">
<emphasis id="59294C1F2CD9F67793952EFEA2EB3963" italics="true">P. velutinus</emphasis>
(Blanchard, 1847)
</taxonomicName>
share several external and internal morphological characters, characterised by a uniform velvety black coloration, without spots, bands, or marginal lines. While both species share several external and internal morphological traits, they can be distinguished by the ventral coloration:
<taxonomicName id="B5AAE79C2AEC11F6B97E7F463F3D40B1" baseAuthorityName="Blanchard" baseAuthorityYear="1847" family="Pseudocerotidae" genus="Pseudoceros" kingdom="Animalia" order="Polycladida" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="velutinus">
<emphasis id="F020A762FDEE997D305D616B9F372FF3" italics="true">P. velutinus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
has a bluish violet background whereas
<taxonomicName id="F37F672FA55A63D6061A92FF9034D504" authorityName="Newman &amp; Cannon" authorityYear="1994" family="Pseudocerotidae" genus="Pseudoceros" kingdom="Animalia" order="Polycladida" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="bolool">
<emphasis id="57629A1C646E9B8A05B29C8B0EE23515" italics="true">P. bolool</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is grey, and by their marginal folds, which are broader in
<taxonomicName id="FB1C6772F1E1027EBA6AD693DED9A2CB" baseAuthorityName="Blanchard" baseAuthorityYear="1847" family="Pseudocerotidae" genus="Pseudoceros" kingdom="Animalia" order="Polycladida" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="velutinus">
<emphasis id="82BEE23241423393F1E83B0E4819B38D" italics="true">P. velutinus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and more subtly defined in
<taxonomicName id="B8FECDEF534FA5A466A9E97921CEE4A4" authorityName="Newman &amp; Cannon" authorityYear="1994" family="Pseudocerotidae" genus="Pseudoceros" kingdom="Animalia" order="Polycladida" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="bolool">
<emphasis id="7B05E194D3CE42955A43F6D25ED7762D" italics="true">P. bolool</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. The specimen found in the
<collectingRegion id="3C6964D4A8606A501223CEE460FBDDB3" country="Papua New Guinea" name="Gulf">Gulf</collectingRegion>
of
<collectingRegion id="CCAC3A1594D0FB63E38A2718CDDC46D6" country="Mexico" name="Mexico">Mexico</collectingRegion>
matches the original description of
<taxonomicName id="2DDC96EB930F9A95A630699DF791B622" authorityName="Newman &amp; Cannon" authorityYear="1994" family="Pseudocerotidae" genus="Pseudoceros" kingdom="Animalia" order="Polycladida" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="bolool">
<emphasis id="5804809E06A187D98B87685B62281A56" italics="true">P. bolool</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. This species has been previously reported from the Australasian region (
<bibRefCitation id="84F56497F1513596A8AEFB18023FE25C" author="Newman and Cannon" firstAuthor="Newman" journalOrPublisher="Memoirs of the Queensland Museum" pagination="205-266" refId="B47" refString="Newman LJ, Cannon LR (1994) Pseudoceros and Pseudobiceros (Platyhelminthes, Polycladida, Pseuodcerotidae) from eastern Australia and Papua New Guinea. Memoirs of the Queensland Museum 37: 205266." title="Pseudoceros and Pseudobiceros (Platyhelminthes, Polycladida, Pseuodcerotidae) from eastern Australia and Papua New Guinea." volume="37" year="1994">Newman and Cannon 1994</bibRefCitation>
,
<bibRefCitation id="138EE4DAAAF9A121712183DE2072BCE4" author="Newman and Cannon" firstAuthor="Newman" journalOrPublisher="The Raffles Bulletin of Zoology" pagination="293-323" refId="B49" refString="Newman LJ, Cannon LR (1998) New Pseudoceros (Plathelminthes, Polycladida) from the Indo-Pacific with twelve new species from Australia and Papua New Guinea. The Raffles Bulletin of Zoology 46: 293323." title="New Pseudoceros (Plathelminthes, Polycladida) from the Indo-Pacific with twelve new species from Australia and Papua New Guinea." volume="46" year="1998">1998</bibRefCitation>
) and the Indomalayan region (
<bibRefCitation id="A6BB26E161EC05D920770CB8E86F5B11" author="Dixit" etAl="et al." firstAuthor="Dixit" journalOrPublisher="Centre for Marine Living Resources and Ecology, Ministry of Earth Sciences, Government of India, Kochi" refId="B20" refString="Dixit S, Manjebrayakath H, Saravanane N (2021) Pseudocerotid Polyclads of Lakshadweep Islands. Centre for Marine Living Resources and Ecology, Ministry of Earth Sciences, Government of India, Kochi, 24 pp." title="Pseudocerotid Polyclads of Lakshadweep Islands." year="2021">Dixit et al. 2021</bibRefCitation>
). Prior to this study,
<taxonomicName id="BD9D86076104A8F28ADD74E789B9450E" authorityName="Newman &amp; Cannon" authorityYear="1994" family="Pseudocerotidae" genus="Pseudoceros" kingdom="Animalia" order="Polycladida" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="bolool">
<emphasis id="19B1E32482E034C10C0D82BABEDEBD3A" italics="true">P. bolool</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
was cited in
<collectingRegion id="D542000DB3C9E94CFFB9373B7A6E3D48" country="United States of America" name="Florida">Florida</collectingRegion>
by
<bibRefCitation id="D235A55319C5FD70D95247DC9066E80B" DOI="10.1007/s00227-007-0845-3" author="Rawlinson K" firstAuthor="Rawlinson" journalOrPublisher="Marine Biology" pagination="769-778" refId="B63" refString="Rawlinson K (2008) Biodiversity of coastal polyclad flatworm assemblages in the wider Caribbean. Marine Biology 153: 769778. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00227-007-0845-3." title="Biodiversity of coastal polyclad flatworm assemblages in the wider Caribbean." volume="153" year="2008">Rawlinson (2008)</bibRefCitation>
.
</paragraph>
<caption id="B25C832718B2DD3E3E12437443AD28CA" ID-DOI="10.3897/zookeys.1221.128260.figure10" ID-arpha="90C4F5DF-1FEA-568E-995C-6C6942B909A5" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1197982" startId="F10">
<paragraph id="BB1C3A79C051C4DF95E5185757BC90A0">
<label id="3DF7A0F3755FED98FF5E6264ACEA31FA">Figure 10.</label>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="4C7E13FDFA208046E251A10B6A33809D">
<taxonomicName id="7235169FFCBF3254B871B4590F41063C" authorityName="Newman &amp; Cannon" authorityYear="1994" family="Pseudocerotidae" genus="Pseudoceros" kingdom="Animalia" order="Polycladida" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="bolool">
<emphasis id="E9D786C4112A16542A14E38EC57AA820" italics="true">Pseudoceros bolool</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="804438E7539FD164568CA327313D85E7" bold="true">A</emphasis>
detail of the shape of the pseudotentacles and cerebral eyes
<emphasis id="B85FBFAC7B6AAF95B2AB42266E704ADC" bold="true">B</emphasis>
dorsal view
<emphasis id="6D1EABE517EFCAD340EBA2FC1F28C25D" bold="true">C</emphasis>
ventral view.
</paragraph>
</caption>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>