treatments-xml/data/E0/79/11/E0791125CC2AF97388D3F966FA2CFC98.xml
2024-06-21 12:54:51 +02:00

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<document id="E83E7D685CF27AC7A3CF8ADE03C83783" ID-CLB-Dataset="24807" ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.4700.4.12" ID-GBIF-Dataset="0860c42c-a07f-452f-873f-7ec6178e355b" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="3557552" ID-ZooBank="1602CD7C-66ED-4C77-86ED-40A594187F99" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="existingObjects,plazi" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1575035304260" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Wright, B. M. O. G., Wright, C. D., Sole, C. L., Lyle, R., Tippett, R., Sholto-Douglas, C., Verburgt, L. &amp; Engelbrecht, I." docDate="2019" docId="E0791125CC2AF97388D3F966FA2CFC98" docLanguage="en" docName="zootaxa.4700.4.12.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 4700 (4)" docStyle="DocumentStyle:647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D.9:Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleId="647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="9" docTitle="Latrodectus Walckenaer 1805" docType="key" docVersion="9" lastPageNumber="598" masterDocId="1C40695DCC27F97D8844FFDFFFB1FF8E" masterDocTitle="A new forest dwelling button spider from South Africa (Araneae, Theridiidae, Latrodectus)" masterLastPageNumber="600" masterPageNumber="584" pageNumber="597" updateTime="1698769511863" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:title id="3891A162C2E85060C163D36B29239B9A">A new forest dwelling button spider from South Africa (Araneae, Theridiidae, Latrodectus)</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="84BFBD43BA5C50826472BD826CFF64D5">Sole, C. L.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="86DDA0E666DCBED6A32583B49A5D6C48">Lyle, R.</mods:namePart>
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<treatment id="E0791125CC2AF97388D3F966FA2CFC98" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5587138" ID-GBIF-Taxon="160599057" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5587138" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:E0791125CC2AF97388D3F966FA2CFC98" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/E0791125CC2AF97388D3F966FA2CFC98" lastPageId="14" lastPageNumber="598" pageId="13" pageNumber="597">
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<paragraph id="686FA033CC2AF97088D3F966FB7DF95D" blockId="13.[151,1228,1721,1748]" box="[151,1228,1721,1748]" pageId="13" pageNumber="597">
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<emphasis id="5AA47C21CC2AF97088D3F966FB7DF95D" bold="true" box="[151,1228,1721,1748]" pageId="13" pageNumber="597">
Key to the southern African species of the genus
<taxonomicName id="AFD0DBB0CC2AF9708AB2F966FC34F95A" ID-CoL="62WVL" ID-ENA="6923" authorityName="Walckenaer" authorityYear="1805" box="[758,901,1721,1748]" class="Arachnida" family="Theridiidae" genus="Latrodectus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="13" pageNumber="597" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="5AA47C21CC2AF9708AB2F966FC34F95A" bold="true" box="[758,901,1721,1748]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="597">Latrodectus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(adapted from
<bibRefCitation id="0C41DDC2CC2AF9708C0CF966FB75F95D" author="Lotz, L. N." box="[1096,1220,1721,1747]" pageId="13" pageNumber="597" pagination="27 - 56" refId="ref10618" refString="Lotz, L. N. (1994) Revision of the genus Latrodectus (Araneae: Theridiidae) in Africa. Navorsinge van die Nasionale Museum: Researches of the National Museum, 10 (1), 27 - 56. Available from: https: // wsc. nmbe. ch / reference / 7753 (accessed 11 March 2019)" type="journal article" year="1994">Lotz 1994</bibRefCitation>
)
</emphasis>
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<paragraph id="686FA033CC2AF97088D3F921FA2CF86E" blockId="13.[151,1437,1790,2017]" pageId="13" pageNumber="597">
<keyLead id="D3210306CC2AF97088D3F921FA2CF86E" pageId="13" pageNumber="597">
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<specimenCount id="7ED66BBACC2AF97088D3F921FE83F89A" box="[151,306,1790,1812]" pageId="13" pageNumber="597" type="female">1 Females</specimenCount>
............................................................................................. 2 - Males.............................................................................................. 8 2 Spermathecae parallel, abdomen with red or orange-red marking on ventrum...................................... 3 - Spermathecae in a V-formation, abdomen without red or orange-red hourglass marking on ventrum.................... 5 3 Ventral marking is orange-red and hour glass shaped......................................................... 4 - Ventral marking is red and an irregular oblong shape.........................................
<taxonomicName id="AFD0DBB0CC2AF9708C90F84EFAD0F82B" ID-CoL="9443R" authority="Wright &amp; Wright &amp; Sole &amp; Lyle &amp; Tippett &amp; Sholto-Douglas &amp; Verburgt &amp; Engelbrecht, 2019" authorityName="Wright &amp; Wright &amp; Sole &amp; Lyle &amp; Tippett &amp; Sholto-Douglas &amp; Verburgt &amp; Engelbrecht" authorityYear="2019" box="[1236,1377,1936,1958]" class="Arachnida" family="Theridiidae" genus="Latrodectus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="13" pageNumber="597" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="umbukwane" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="5AA47C21CC2AF9708C90F84EFAD0F82B" box="[1236,1377,1936,1958]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="597">L. umbukwane</emphasis>
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<emphasis id="5AA47C21CC2AF9708D22F84FFA2CF82B" bold="true" box="[1382,1437,1936,1957]" pageId="13" pageNumber="597">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="4197C15ACC2AF9708D22F84FFA2CF82B" box="[1382,1437,1936,1957]" pageId="13" pageNumber="597" rank="species">n. sp.</taxonomicNameLabel>
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4 Spermathecal ducts with 3 loops..............................................................
<taxonomicName id="AFD0DBB0CC2AF9708D4AF871FED4F86F" ID-CoL="3SLWC" authority="- Spermathecal" authorityName="Spermathecal" class="Arachnida" family="Theridiidae" genus="Latrodectus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="13" pageNumber="597" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="geometricus">
<emphasis id="5AA47C21CC2AF9708D4AF871FA2DF84D" box="[1294,1436,1966,1987]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="597">L. geometricus</emphasis>
- Spermathecal
</taxonomicName>
ducts with 5 loops..............................................................
<taxonomicName id="AFD0DBB0CC2AF9708D4FF813FA2CF86E" ID-CoL="93634" authorityName="Mackay" authorityYear="1972" box="[1291,1437,1995,2017]" class="Arachnida" family="Theridiidae" genus="Latrodectus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="13" pageNumber="597" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="rhodesiensis">
<emphasis id="5AA47C21CC2AF9708D4FF813FA2CF86E" box="[1291,1437,1995,2017]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="597">L. rhodesiensis</emphasis>
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<keyStep id="D324B896CC29F97388D3FF46FA2DFF43" pageId="14" pageNumber="598">
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<keyLead id="D3210306CC29F97388D3FF46FA2DFF20" box="[151,1436,153,175]" pageId="14" pageNumber="598">
5 Abdomen with red T-shaped marking on dorsum..................................................
<taxonomicName id="AFD0DBB0CC29F9738D56FF45FA2DFF20" ID-CoL="3SLWL" authorityName="Smithers" authorityYear="1944" box="[1298,1436,153,175]" class="Arachnida" family="Theridiidae" genus="Latrodectus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="14" pageNumber="598" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="karrooensis">
<emphasis id="5AA47C21CC29F9738D56FF45FA2DFF20" box="[1298,1436,153,175]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="598">L. karrooensis</emphasis>
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<paragraph id="686FA033CC29F97388D3FF68FA2DFF43" blockId="14.[151,1437,153,791]" box="[151,1436,183,205]" pageId="14" pageNumber="598">
<keyLead id="D3210306CC29F97388D3FF68FA2DFF43" box="[151,1436,183,205]" pageId="14" pageNumber="598">- Abdomen without red T-shaped marking on dorsum.......................................................... 6</keyLead>
</paragraph>
</keyStep>
<keyStep id="D324B896CC29F97388D3FF0BFA2DFE89" pageId="14" pageNumber="598">
<paragraph id="686FA033CC29F97388D3FF0BFA2DFF67" blockId="14.[151,1437,153,791]" box="[151,1436,212,234]" pageId="14" pageNumber="598">
<keyLead id="D3210306CC29F97388D3FF0BFA2DFF67" box="[151,1436,212,234]" pageId="14" pageNumber="598">
6 Spermathecal ducts with 4 loops..............................................................
<taxonomicName id="AFD0DBB0CC29F9738D49FF0AFA2DFF67" ID-CoL="3SLWX" authorityName="Dahl" authorityYear="1902" box="[1293,1436,212,234]" class="Arachnida" family="Theridiidae" genus="Latrodectus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="14" pageNumber="598" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="renivulvatus">
<emphasis id="5AA47C21CC29F9738D49FF0AFA2DFF67" box="[1293,1436,212,234]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="598">L. renivulvatus</emphasis>
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<paragraph id="686FA033CC29F97388D3FF2DFA2DFE89" blockId="14.[151,1437,153,791]" box="[151,1436,241,263]" pageId="14" pageNumber="598">
<keyLead id="D3210306CC29F97388D3FF2DFA2DFE89" box="[151,1436,241,263]" pageId="14" pageNumber="598">- Spermathecal ducts with 3 loops......................................................................... 7</keyLead>
</paragraph>
</keyStep>
<keyStep id="D324B896CC29F97388D3FED0FA2CFECF" pageId="14" pageNumber="598">
<paragraph id="686FA033CC29F97388D3FED0FA2DFEAA" blockId="14.[151,1437,153,791]" box="[151,1436,271,293]" pageId="14" pageNumber="598">
<keyLead id="D3210306CC29F97388D3FED0FA2DFEAA" box="[151,1436,271,293]" pageId="14" pageNumber="598">
7 Carapace width less than
<quantity id="AF280DD6CC29F9738993FED0FD91FEAA" box="[471,544,271,292]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.8" pageId="14" pageNumber="598" unit="mm" value="3.8">3.8 mm</quantity>
..................................................................
<taxonomicName id="AFD0DBB0CC29F9738D7BFECFFA2DFEAA" ID-CoL="3SLVY" authorityName="Blackwall" authorityYear="1865" box="[1343,1436,271,293]" class="Arachnida" family="Theridiidae" genus="Latrodectus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="14" pageNumber="598" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="cinctus">
<emphasis id="5AA47C21CC29F9738D7BFECFFA2DFEAA" box="[1343,1436,271,293]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="598">L. cinctus</emphasis>
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<paragraph id="686FA033CC29F97388D3FEF2FA2CFECF" blockId="14.[151,1437,153,791]" box="[151,1437,300,322]" pageId="14" pageNumber="598">
<keyLead id="D3210306CC29F97388D3FEF2FA2CFECF" box="[151,1437,300,322]" pageId="14" pageNumber="598">
- Carapace width more than
<quantity id="AF280DD6CC29F97389A0FEF3FD9CFECC" box="[484,557,300,322]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.8" pageId="14" pageNumber="598" unit="mm" value="3.8">3.8 mm</quantity>
..............................................................
<taxonomicName id="AFD0DBB0CC29F9738D50FEF2FA2CFECF" ID-CoL="3SLWJ" authorityName="O. Pickard-Cambridge" authorityYear="1904" box="[1300,1437,300,322]" class="Arachnida" family="Theridiidae" genus="Latrodectus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="14" pageNumber="598" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="indistinctus">
<emphasis id="5AA47C21CC29F9738D50FEF2FA2CFECF" box="[1300,1437,300,322]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="598">L. indistinctus</emphasis>
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<keyLead id="D3210306CC29F97388D3FE95FA2CFED0" box="[151,1437,329,351]" pageId="14" pageNumber="598">
8 Embolus with 5 loops.......................................................................
<taxonomicName id="AFD0DBB0CC29F9738D4FFE95FA2CFED0" ID-CoL="93634" authorityName="Mackay" authorityYear="1972" box="[1291,1437,329,351]" class="Arachnida" family="Theridiidae" genus="Latrodectus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="14" pageNumber="598" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="rhodesiensis">
<emphasis id="5AA47C21CC29F9738D4FFE95FA2CFED0" box="[1291,1437,329,351]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="598">L. rhodesiensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
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<paragraph id="686FA033CC29F97388D3FEB8FA2DFEF2" blockId="14.[151,1437,153,791]" box="[151,1436,359,381]" pageId="14" pageNumber="598">
<keyLead id="D3210306CC29F97388D3FEB8FA2DFEF2" box="[151,1436,359,381]" pageId="14" pageNumber="598">- Embolus with 4 or less loops............................................................................ 9</keyLead>
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<paragraph id="686FA033CC29F97388D3FE5BFA2DFE17" blockId="14.[151,1437,153,791]" box="[151,1436,388,410]" pageId="14" pageNumber="598">
<keyLead id="D3210306CC29F97388D3FE5BFA2DFE17" box="[151,1436,388,410]" pageId="14" pageNumber="598">9 Embolus with 4 loops................................................................................. 10</keyLead>
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<paragraph id="686FA033CC29F97388D3FE7DFA2DFE39" blockId="14.[151,1437,153,791]" box="[151,1436,417,439]" pageId="14" pageNumber="598">
<keyLead id="D3210306CC29F97388D3FE7DFA2DFE39" box="[151,1436,417,439]" pageId="14" pageNumber="598">- Embolus with 3 loops................................................................................. 12</keyLead>
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<paragraph id="686FA033CC29F97388D3FE60FA2CFDA2" blockId="14.[151,1437,153,791]" pageId="14" pageNumber="598">
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10 No light transverse areas on abdomen and an oblong yellow-white ventral marking caudally and white oblong near book lungs, abdomen brown with light yellow-white oblong blotches dorsally and laterally outlined in darker brown, no transverse light areas (young mature male), or abdomen dark brown with darker indistinct irregular circles dorsally and ventrally (old mature male)...............................................................................
<taxonomicName id="AFD0DBB0CC29F9738C90FDC7FAD0FDA2" ID-CoL="9443R" authority="Wright &amp; Wright &amp; Sole &amp; Lyle &amp; Tippett &amp; Sholto-Douglas &amp; Verburgt &amp; Engelbrecht, 2019" authorityName="Wright &amp; Wright &amp; Sole &amp; Lyle &amp; Tippett &amp; Sholto-Douglas &amp; Verburgt &amp; Engelbrecht" authorityYear="2019" box="[1236,1377,535,557]" class="Arachnida" family="Theridiidae" genus="Latrodectus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="14" pageNumber="598" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="umbukwane" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="5AA47C21CC29F9738C90FDC7FAD0FDA2" box="[1236,1377,535,557]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="598">L. umbukwane</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="5AA47C21CC29F9738D22FDC8FA2CFDA2" bold="true" box="[1382,1437,535,556]" pageId="14" pageNumber="598">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="4197C15ACC29F9738D22FDC8FA2CFDA2" box="[1382,1437,535,556]" pageId="14" pageNumber="598" rank="species">n. sp.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
</keyLead>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="686FA033CC29F97388D3FDEAFA2DFDC7" blockId="14.[151,1437,153,791]" box="[151,1436,564,586]" pageId="14" pageNumber="598">
<keyLead id="D3210306CC29F97388D3FDEAFA2DFDC7" box="[151,1436,564,586]" pageId="14" pageNumber="598">- Abdomen dorsally with light transverse areas on dark background.............................................. 11</keyLead>
</paragraph>
</keyStep>
<keyStep id="D324B896CC29F97388D3FD8DFA2DFD0A" pageId="14" pageNumber="598">
<paragraph id="686FA033CC29F97388D3FD8DFA2DFDE9" blockId="14.[151,1437,153,791]" box="[151,1436,593,615]" pageId="14" pageNumber="598">
<keyLead id="D3210306CC29F97388D3FD8DFA2DFDE9" box="[151,1436,593,615]" pageId="14" pageNumber="598">
11 Abdomen dorsally with broken light transverse areas on a darker background...........................
<taxonomicName id="AFD0DBB0CC29F9738D4AFD8DFA2DFDE9" ID-CoL="3SLWC" box="[1294,1436,594,615]" class="Arachnida" family="Theridiidae" genus="Latrodectus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="14" pageNumber="598" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="geometricus">
<emphasis id="5AA47C21CC29F9738D4AFD8DFA2DFDE9" box="[1294,1436,594,615]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="598">L. geometricus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</keyLead>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="686FA033CC29F97388D3FDB0FA2DFD0A" blockId="14.[151,1437,153,791]" box="[151,1436,623,645]" pageId="14" pageNumber="598">
<keyLead id="D3210306CC29F97388D3FDB0FA2DFD0A" box="[151,1436,623,645]" pageId="14" pageNumber="598">
- Abdomen dorsally with continuous light transverse areas on a dark background.........................
<taxonomicName id="AFD0DBB0CC29F9738D49FDAFFA2DFD0A" ID-CoL="3SLWX" authorityName="Dahl" authorityYear="1902" box="[1293,1436,623,645]" class="Arachnida" family="Theridiidae" genus="Latrodectus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="14" pageNumber="598" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="renivulvatus">
<emphasis id="5AA47C21CC29F9738D49FDAFFA2DFD0A" box="[1293,1436,623,645]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="598">L. renivulvatus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</keyLead>
</paragraph>
</keyStep>
<keyStep id="D324B896CC29F97388D3FD53FA2DFD31" pageId="14" pageNumber="598">
<paragraph id="686FA033CC29F97388D3FD53FA2DFD2F" blockId="14.[151,1437,153,791]" box="[151,1436,652,674]" pageId="14" pageNumber="598">
<keyLead id="D3210306CC29F97388D3FD53FA2DFD2F" box="[151,1436,652,674]" pageId="14" pageNumber="598">
12 Abdomen dark with dorsally an orange-red T-shaped marking........................................
<taxonomicName id="AFD0DBB0CC29F9738D56FD52FA2DFD2F" ID-CoL="3SLWL" authorityName="Smithers" authorityYear="1944" box="[1298,1436,652,674]" class="Arachnida" family="Theridiidae" genus="Latrodectus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="14" pageNumber="598" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="karrooensis">
<emphasis id="5AA47C21CC29F9738D56FD52FA2DFD2F" box="[1298,1436,652,674]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="598">L. karrooensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</keyLead>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="686FA033CC29F97388D3FD75FA2DFD31" blockId="14.[151,1437,153,791]" box="[151,1436,681,703]" pageId="14" pageNumber="598">
<keyLead id="D3210306CC29F97388D3FD75FA2DFD31" box="[151,1436,681,703]" pageId="14" pageNumber="598">- Dorsal abdominal pattern without T-shaped marking........................................................ 13</keyLead>
</paragraph>
</keyStep>
<keyStep id="D324B896CC29F97388D3FD18FA2CFC98" pageId="14" pageNumber="598">
<paragraph id="686FA033CC29F97388D3FD18FA2DFD74" blockId="14.[151,1437,153,791]" pageId="14" pageNumber="598">
<keyLead id="D3210306CC29F97388D3FD18FA2DFD74" pageId="14" pageNumber="598">
13 Abdomen with broken light dorsal transverse areas connected with indistinct light areas, anterior light transverse area continuous..........................................................................................
<taxonomicName id="AFD0DBB0CC29F9738D7BFD3AFA2DFD74" ID-CoL="3SLVY" authorityName="Blackwall" authorityYear="1865" box="[1343,1436,741,762]" class="Arachnida" family="Theridiidae" genus="Latrodectus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="14" pageNumber="598" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="cinctus">
<emphasis id="5AA47C21CC29F9738D7BFD3AFA2DFD74" box="[1343,1436,741,762]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="598">L. cinctus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</keyLead>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="686FA033CC29F97388D3FCDDFA2CFC98" blockId="14.[151,1437,153,791]" box="[151,1437,769,791]" pageId="14" pageNumber="598">
<keyLead id="D3210306CC29F97388D3FCDDFA2CFC98" box="[151,1437,769,791]" pageId="14" pageNumber="598">
- Broken light dorsal transverse areas unconnected..................................................
<taxonomicName id="AFD0DBB0CC29F9738D50FCDDFA2CFC98" ID-CoL="3SLWJ" authorityName="O. Pickard-Cambridge" authorityYear="1904" box="[1300,1437,769,791]" class="Arachnida" family="Theridiidae" genus="Latrodectus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="14" pageNumber="598" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="indistinctus">
<emphasis id="5AA47C21CC29F9738D50FCDDFA2CFC98" box="[1300,1437,769,791]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="598">L. indistinctus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</keyLead>
</paragraph>
</keyStep>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>