treatments-xml/data/DF/5D/F8/DF5DF810F4FA5AB6BD87D06ED4206DD2.xml

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<document ID-CLB-Dataset="53614" ID-DOI="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1092.80560" ID-GBIF-Dataset="115de0f9-4f67-483a-8c18-e8a5c2595e76" ID-PMC="PMC9005462" ID-Pensoft-Pub="1313-2970-1092-47" ID-Pensoft-UUID="9A65E5C3830E51ECB02EFD847F833EB9" ID-PubMed="35586295" ID-ZooBank="5D61CD92C4DA46F7A048ECA22E663F33" ModsDocID="1313-2970-1092-47" checkinTime="1649136074814" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Kang, Ilgoo" docDate="2022" docId="DF5DF810F4FA5AB6BD87D06ED4206DD2" docLanguage="en" docName="ZooKeys 1092: 47-62" docOrigin="ZooKeys 1092" docPubDate="2022-04-04" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1092.80560" docTitle="Retusigaster Dangerfield, Austin &amp; Whitfield 1999" docType="treatment" docVersion="6" id="9A65E5C3830E51ECB02EFD847F833EB9" lastPageNumber="47" masterDocId="9A65E5C3830E51ECB02EFD847F833EB9" masterDocTitle="Three new species of Retusigaster Dangerfield, Austin &amp; Whitfield, 1999 (Hymenoptera, Braconidae, Cardiochilinae) with an illustrated key to the New World species" masterLastPageNumber="62" masterPageNumber="47" pageNumber="47" updateTime="1732743258119" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:title id="AB0A49975A25F3F6AA8808E991840E1F">Three new species of Retusigaster Dangerfield, Austin &amp; Whitfield, 1999 (Hymenoptera, Braconidae, Cardiochilinae) with an illustrated key to the New World species</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="24415A3B68A592A8D54989DFAED9A8CE">Kang, Ilgoo</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="BCEFA00E179A429113099D0E211720B3">Department of Entomology, Louisiana State University Agricultural Center, 404 Life Sciences Building, Baton Rouge, LA, 70803 USA</mods:affiliation>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="EADD454BCCDBB1C3B2FDA71184BB6921" type="email">ikang1@lsu.edu</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:date id="0F42B94980AE99D1114C6780080AE573">2022</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="B32A3630BC149925594DDB13C5E80C9A">2022-04-04</mods:number>
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<mods:classification id="7787D0AA34E92CCBD92B41DDCA6E9782">journal article</mods:classification>
<mods:identifier id="46AC545AC799F819F36B70A664EEC49A" type="DOI">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1092.80560</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="DF5DF810F4FA5AB6BD87D06ED4206DD2" ID-GBIF-Taxon="194444373" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:DF5DF810F4FA5AB6BD87D06ED4206DD2" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/DF5DF810F4FA5AB6BD87D06ED4206DD2" lastPageNumber="47" pageId="0" pageNumber="47" scope_family="Braconidae" scope_order="Hymenoptera">
<subSubSection id="BD2D18113EB16E04E955D8D12C0D2224" pageId="0" pageNumber="47" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="D528D0EF581EAFE1BD4DBD733A5A403E" pageId="0" pageNumber="47">
<taxonomicName id="7F76DF5807C699338EE4F76B3DB76022" ID-CoL="77XS" ID-ENA="480574" LSID="DF5DF810-F4FA-5AB6-BD87-D06ED4206DD2" authority="Dangerfield, Austin &amp; Whitfield, 1999" authorityName="Dangerfield, Austin &amp; Whitfield" authorityYear="1999" class="Insecta" family="Braconidae" genus="Retusigaster" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Retusigaster" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="47" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Retusigaster Dangerfield, Austin &amp; Whitfield, 1999</taxonomicName>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="8133638726B1B4AF48CDCD621DCC3FD8" pageId="0" pageNumber="47" type="type species">
<paragraph id="0356E93241276543AF0148F171CD19B1" pageId="0" pageNumber="47">Type species.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="6E3141A7C23FA447C612DB2C5EFC88AF" pageId="0" pageNumber="47">
<taxonomicName id="404EB99CB28DF10E83BBCCD4EFDA209A" class="Insecta" family="Braconidae" genus="Cardiochiles" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Cardiochiles rubidus" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="47" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="rubidus">
<emphasis id="1F76DB1BCC78FB4824EE2C5F447DC01C" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="47">Cardiochiles rubidus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
Mao, 1949
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="27D07E87332C4B708CE3FD1962A3D27D" pageId="0" pageNumber="47" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph id="125FFC0C1153658393839DBDD03163F8" pageId="0" pageNumber="47">Diagnosis.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="E71283A065DF14DC9B6C861546CF1639" pageId="0" pageNumber="47">
<bibRefCitation id="B6708097E84D8A4939829101061B09BF" DOI="https://doi.org/10.1071/IT98020" author="Dangerfield, PC" journalOrPublisher="Invertebrate Systematics" pageId="0" pageNumber="47" pagination="917 - 976" refId="B2" refString="Dangerfield, PC, Austin, AD, Whitfield, JB, 1999. Systematics of the world genera of Cardiochilinae (Hymenoptera: Braconidae). Invertebrate Systematics 13 (6): 917 - 976, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1071/IT98020" title="Systematics of the world genera of Cardiochilinae (Hymenoptera: Braconidae)." url="https://doi.org/10.1071/IT98020" volume="13" year="1999">Dangerfield et al. (1999)</bibRefCitation>
and
<bibRefCitation id="D22169387072F7215FCD825CD3499439" DOI="https://doi.org/10.1080/00222930110097167" author="Mercado, I" journalOrPublisher="Journal of Natural History" pageId="0" pageNumber="47" pagination="845 - 902" refId="B9" refString="Mercado, I, Wharton, RA, 2003. Mexican cardiochiline genera (Hymenoptera: Braconidae), including a preliminary assessment of species-groups in Toxoneuron Say and Retusigaster Dangerfield, Austin and Whitfield. Journal of Natural History 37 (7): 845 - 902, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/00222930110097167" title="Mexican cardiochiline genera (Hymenoptera: Braconidae), including a preliminary assessment of species-groups in Toxoneuron Say and Retusigaster Dangerfield, Austin and Whitfield." url="https://doi.org/10.1080/00222930110097167" volume="37" year="2003">Mercado and Wharton (2003)</bibRefCitation>
provided detailed diagnostic characters.
<taxonomicName id="0202CD8CF493350BD5E3F994A85FAC74" authorityName="Dangerfield, Austin &amp; Whitfield" authorityYear="1999" class="Insecta" family="Braconidae" genus="Retusigaster" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Retusigaster" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="47" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="463E8B8FB685168E685C44EE84F8F500" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="47">Retusigaster</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
can be easily distinguished from other cardiochiline genera by the combination of the following characters: eye seemingly bare (Figs
<figureCitation id="230E2A112260B63679E3ECE1C9DA1A2F" captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="F2" captionText="Figure 2. Retusigaster pulawskii sp. nov. A lateral habitus B dorsal habitus C anterior head D dorsal propodeum to T 3 E wings F dorsal mesosoma G mesopleuron and metapleuron." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1092.80560.figure2" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/668119" pageId="0" pageNumber="47">2C</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="2FB1182DDB0F1E7598E4C6A79100543B" captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="F3" captionText="Figure 3. Retusigaster purshi sp. nov. A lateral habitus B dorsal habitus C anterior head D dorsal mesosoma E forewing." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1092.80560.figure3" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/668120" pageId="0" pageNumber="47">3C</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="4C375B9AFC9F6AE8768FCFF3CC6B4162" captionStart="Figure 5" captionStartId="F5" captionText="Figure 5. Retusigaster vanduzeei sp. nov. A lateral habitus B dorsal habitus C anterior head D dorsal head E lateral head F wings G mesopleuron and metapleuron H scutellum to T 3." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1092.80560.figure5" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/668122" pageId="0" pageNumber="47">5C</figureCitation>
); clypeal tubercle absent (Figs
<figureCitation id="8081029FEB54567A7522BC08F2D04FB7" captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="F2" captionText="Figure 2. Retusigaster pulawskii sp. nov. A lateral habitus B dorsal habitus C anterior head D dorsal propodeum to T 3 E wings F dorsal mesosoma G mesopleuron and metapleuron." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1092.80560.figure2" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/668119" pageId="0" pageNumber="47">2C</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="80EDC3825BA89A881340A762790EED0D" captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="F3" captionText="Figure 3. Retusigaster purshi sp. nov. A lateral habitus B dorsal habitus C anterior head D dorsal mesosoma E forewing." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1092.80560.figure3" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/668120" pageId="0" pageNumber="47">3C</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="626359AF71D3C80012B7B426A6E55C92" captionStart="Figure 5" captionStartId="F5" captionText="Figure 5. Retusigaster vanduzeei sp. nov. A lateral habitus B dorsal habitus C anterior head D dorsal head E lateral head F wings G mesopleuron and metapleuron H scutellum to T 3." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1092.80560.figure5" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/668122" pageId="0" pageNumber="47">5C</figureCitation>
); mouthparts short (Figs
<figureCitation id="AA914AE0C40C0DC9FECCA53F4B5C7F65" captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="F2" captionText="Figure 2. Retusigaster pulawskii sp. nov. A lateral habitus B dorsal habitus C anterior head D dorsal propodeum to T 3 E wings F dorsal mesosoma G mesopleuron and metapleuron." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1092.80560.figure2" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/668119" pageId="0" pageNumber="47">2C</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="65683DD7EC57FA73D4FB4B17C0523C4D" captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="F3" captionText="Figure 3. Retusigaster purshi sp. nov. A lateral habitus B dorsal habitus C anterior head D dorsal mesosoma E forewing." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1092.80560.figure3" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/668120" pageId="0" pageNumber="47">3C</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="167CD0B665E0456A54375CF36FD6D4F0" captionStart="Figure 5" captionStartId="F5" captionText="Figure 5. Retusigaster vanduzeei sp. nov. A lateral habitus B dorsal habitus C anterior head D dorsal head E lateral head F wings G mesopleuron and metapleuron H scutellum to T 3." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1092.80560.figure5" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/668122" pageId="0" pageNumber="47">5C</figureCitation>
); scutellum apically with carinate margin (Key image 2); hind tibia without apical cuplike projection (Figs
<figureCitation id="F1E3E90D2932323D200EEA3FF941212C" captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="F2" captionText="Figure 2. Retusigaster pulawskii sp. nov. A lateral habitus B dorsal habitus C anterior head D dorsal propodeum to T 3 E wings F dorsal mesosoma G mesopleuron and metapleuron." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1092.80560.figure2" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/668119" pageId="0" pageNumber="47">2A</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="C59CCC2DD9CE2EA3763EE76227255B7D" captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="F3" captionText="Figure 3. Retusigaster purshi sp. nov. A lateral habitus B dorsal habitus C anterior head D dorsal mesosoma E forewing." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1092.80560.figure3" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/668120" pageId="0" pageNumber="47">3A</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="61B3EA565EFDE261AEAB79F3228FE380" captionStart="Figure 5" captionStartId="F5" captionText="Figure 5. Retusigaster vanduzeei sp. nov. A lateral habitus B dorsal habitus C anterior head D dorsal head E lateral head F wings G mesopleuron and metapleuron H scutellum to T 3." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1092.80560.figure5" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/668122" pageId="0" pageNumber="47">5A</figureCitation>
); ovipositor and ovipositor sheath short (Figs
<figureCitation id="1AA02BCB70CC06311EB3904DB3451E06" captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="F2" captionText="Figure 2. Retusigaster pulawskii sp. nov. A lateral habitus B dorsal habitus C anterior head D dorsal propodeum to T 3 E wings F dorsal mesosoma G mesopleuron and metapleuron." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1092.80560.figure2" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/668119" pageId="0" pageNumber="47">2A</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="3698BAE7F994FD41425300E7E7D26455" captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="F3" captionText="Figure 3. Retusigaster purshi sp. nov. A lateral habitus B dorsal habitus C anterior head D dorsal mesosoma E forewing." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1092.80560.figure3" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/668120" pageId="0" pageNumber="47">3A</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="B3C3BAB82B8E5B0A3EADE5FA33B0C670" captionStart="Figure 5" captionStartId="F5" captionText="Figure 5. Retusigaster vanduzeei sp. nov. A lateral habitus B dorsal habitus C anterior head D dorsal head E lateral head F wings G mesopleuron and metapleuron H scutellum to T 3." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1092.80560.figure5" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/668122" pageId="0" pageNumber="47">5A</figureCitation>
); hypopygium entirely sclerotized and ventro-apically blunt (Figs
<figureCitation id="DAA515C7D1393578EAC22A4CECD93E8F" captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="F2" captionText="Figure 2. Retusigaster pulawskii sp. nov. A lateral habitus B dorsal habitus C anterior head D dorsal propodeum to T 3 E wings F dorsal mesosoma G mesopleuron and metapleuron." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1092.80560.figure2" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/668119" pageId="0" pageNumber="47">2A</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="7D1B94FFAEA961B18C8D44241577D632" captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="F3" captionText="Figure 3. Retusigaster purshi sp. nov. A lateral habitus B dorsal habitus C anterior head D dorsal mesosoma E forewing." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1092.80560.figure3" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/668120" pageId="0" pageNumber="47">3A</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="97BEBAF2C0F77FED61C1EBCB89A2275B" captionStart="Figure 5" captionStartId="F5" captionText="Figure 5. Retusigaster vanduzeei sp. nov. A lateral habitus B dorsal habitus C anterior head D dorsal head E lateral head F wings G mesopleuron and metapleuron H scutellum to T 3." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1092.80560.figure5" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/668122" pageId="0" pageNumber="47">5A</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="488D73D5C86F0934DCDA3326FC4A96E5" pageId="0" pageNumber="47" type="distribution">
<paragraph id="B3328704D13467F5384AC430A9BF9F11" pageId="0" pageNumber="47">Distribution.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="7847DAE55D7682C3A2E93477498083AC" pageId="0" pageNumber="47">Nearctic region (Canada, USA, Mexico), Neotropical region (Jamaica and Mexico), Palearctic region (Kazakhstan, Mongolia, Turkey, Turkmenistan).</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="DA6108696B7506ACD1FA4BE39434D372" pageId="0" pageNumber="47" type="biology_ecology">
<paragraph id="88D76FA1D0DE2CFC3660D55CA6082C8D" pageId="0" pageNumber="47">Biology.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="4D7CFB0A4C5AAE636BE11021A0C3D451" pageId="0" pageNumber="47">
Potential food sources of two species of
<taxonomicName id="7556538528CC9B39ABA0F1FD1FB07B98" authorityName="Dangerfield, Austin &amp; Whitfield" authorityYear="1999" class="Insecta" family="Braconidae" genus="Retusigaster" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Retusigaster" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="47" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="87D103943D3F13C6BA8C20E63454D4A3" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="47">Retusigaster</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
are found. A member of
<taxonomicName id="4471F6DCF367011E1D3DA7FDFAAFC7E1" class="Insecta" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="R. arugosus" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="47" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="arugosus">
<emphasis id="D14AC2E73B6139DA73D88222F8FAA9B6" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="47">R. arugosus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
was collected on cotton (
<taxonomicName id="A4A82976DAEEA4BA5816338C4C03CE6A" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Malvaceae" genus="Gossypium" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Gossypium" order="Malvales" pageId="0" pageNumber="47" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="378042B01B59BD45614575CE78BC3E20" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="47">Gossypium</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
sp.;
<taxonomicName id="F80ED8EF4E7AF2652A7EBDF49E8CEEBB" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Malvaceae" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="" order="Malvales" pageId="0" pageNumber="47" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="family">Malvaceae</taxonomicName>
) in Texas, and a specimen of
<taxonomicName id="D6B0CDDF768E8368D84E9049C4013082" class="Insecta" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="R. purshi" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="47" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="purshi">
<emphasis id="2275C938C1C4DA95C2E675F96A5C6621" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="47">R. purshi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
sp. nov. was collected on Mexican cliffrose (
<taxonomicName id="EE1443D8CFBCC2068A4AC59A23024449" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Rosaceae" genus="Purshia" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Purshia mexicana" order="Rosales" pageId="0" pageNumber="47" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="mexicana">
<emphasis id="4611EA4513087E36BC85F88C6F52AD68" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="47">Purshia mexicana</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(D. Don) S. L. Welsh;
<taxonomicName id="15AC353FEE5CD1341C323AC84DED6FC2" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Rosaceae" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="" order="Rosales" pageId="0" pageNumber="47" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="family">Rosaceae</taxonomicName>
) in Nevada.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>