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<document id="D71AC1E006C5FAF156BE2E0123CACE9D" ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.5200.1.4" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="7251879" ID-ZooBank="C4A97ADB-42ED-45B7-831A-BB3C669280C1" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="existingObjects,plazi" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1666770476967" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Mukherjee, Tuhar, Som, Dipak Kumar &amp; Hazra, Niladri" docDate="2022" docId="DE44F250FA493354FF1312E6FEFA250E" docLanguage="en" docName="zootaxa.5199.1.4.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 5200 (1)" docStyle="DocumentStyle:647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D.9:Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleId="647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="9" docTitle="Pseudosmittia luna Mukherjee &amp; Som &amp; Hazra 2022, sp. n." docType="treatment" docVersion="5" lastPageNumber="56" masterDocId="227D8A28FA4B3351FF841134FFD62322" masterDocTitle="Two new species of Pseudosmittia Edwards, 1932 from India with a key to Oriental species adult males (Diptera: Chironomidae: Orthocladiinae)" masterLastPageNumber="62" masterPageNumber="51" pageNumber="53" updateTime="1699389210979" updateUser="plazi" zenodo-license-document="CLOSED">
<mods:mods id="A1173AFC40D9B2646DFE7BDCB405EAC0" xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
<mods:titleInfo id="2B05AFECB02E8F9F2080CCFA0E5F6D8A">
<mods:title id="0724706550F97817097FC1E8716B9050">Two new species of Pseudosmittia Edwards, 1932 from India with a key to Oriental species adult males (Diptera: Chironomidae: Orthocladiinae)</mods:title>
</mods:titleInfo>
<mods:name id="8244A874A913B97F2A2489F068425379" type="personal">
<mods:role id="F4270BF7FBC8F79B5035A29D26497AEB">
<mods:roleTerm id="974F747FDEC1E905CDC4D5B0EDB8068F">Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart id="DBE9871ABE89C308AFC30ADB26AE9FC3">Mukherjee, Tuhar</mods:namePart>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="1FE4D0E961805001BB882F9F10B303B7" type="ORCID">0000-0002-9449-5985</mods:nameIdentifier>
<mods:affiliation id="346E0AA0C054EEF19DC38D1B84D7AA03">Entomology Research Unit, Department of Zoology, The University of Burdwan, Burdwan, India, 713104 &amp; tuharmukherjeeofficial @ gmail. com; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0002 - 9449 - 5985</mods:affiliation>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="1F5D5C3F9B522620DF6E60BA12F2C60B" type="email">tuharmukherjeeofficial@gmail.com</mods:nameIdentifier>
</mods:name>
<mods:name id="15448BAB0C15060767A2720BE0A448E9" type="personal">
<mods:role id="BF32F9F5F37954E48B7BAD221514B8F1">
<mods:roleTerm id="7D6C346D8BD15EA4EF5C7E5448988B20">Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart id="7E90A7E997BC500EC749C94163BD29EA">Som, Dipak Kumar</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="30F1B5B79E2E37565622DA5E955CFC4C">Post Graduate Department of Zoology, Maulana Azad College, Government of West Bengal, Kolkata, India, 700013 &amp; dipaksom @ gmail. com</mods:affiliation>
</mods:name>
<mods:name id="CA27034264721F82E5FB9F838BB78F16" type="personal">
<mods:role id="5F1B5E5C5F443F54D5DEC935E8C279C5">
<mods:roleTerm id="4D0AF99E244FDF94C39C33A0FE1AB76E">Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart id="82491570FDA46FEF4AA11B82394EF38A">Hazra, Niladri</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="8BC06393A0F73CD44AD3307D4D78B9AD">Entomology Research Unit, Department of Zoology, The University of Burdwan, Burdwan, India, 713104</mods:affiliation>
</mods:name>
<mods:typeOfResource id="2A70944CB4B75BF02CF28B8F13498E69">text</mods:typeOfResource>
<mods:relatedItem id="9A7185843D57B046240EEDA04D0DB6F6" type="host">
<mods:titleInfo id="A33D7D77455059F0FDFF6F6BF84BDC58">
<mods:title id="FF3DB3D312BC8115AEFDF9369AF3C621">Zootaxa</mods:title>
</mods:titleInfo>
<mods:part id="A6DD2D57058B2E9F66B56E1506562003">
<mods:date id="11B19757C9B5D0B3A78573B15E559CCC">2022</mods:date>
<mods:detail id="8E6161B8E0ED1C038ABC24CACF6ED090" type="pubDate">
<mods:number id="6866CF37A7B236721704C9F742B2CB0E">2022-10-26</mods:number>
</mods:detail>
<mods:detail id="B0D4152DE1C77AA85053E9568AB6D293" type="volume">
<mods:number id="25BEED0A8A6DAF8E73099B26F9169EEE">5200</mods:number>
</mods:detail>
<mods:detail id="E1E72B3E1CE441C89E19168908121B39" type="issue">
<mods:number id="34CC0855CA15E8AF0A66D6E9C8610485">1</mods:number>
</mods:detail>
<mods:extent id="4149CA6D186D2360CFAD8FB40F4BB2AA" unit="page">
<mods:start id="C756665B3B3B25D821A7616AF58FF7D6">51</mods:start>
<mods:end id="CBA2811207232141E23E684213BE4A94">62</mods:end>
</mods:extent>
</mods:part>
</mods:relatedItem>
<mods:classification id="A60AF33DC9844DD45FF6C9CC0D015D5C">journal article</mods:classification>
<mods:identifier id="5E31920270CCC00F19F8DC606581DDF8" type="DOI">10.11646/zootaxa.5200.1.4</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="23C389726422DE0C6D52E04255CF5647" type="ISSN">1175-5326</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="1E0D061520EE3D39215707BC491C0F21" type="Zenodo-Dep">7251879</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="C5084494350DCBD8E33E38B3F8196574" type="ZooBank">C4A97ADB-42ED-45B7-831A-BB3C669280C1</mods:identifier>
</mods:mods>
<treatment id="DE44F250FA493354FF1312E6FEFA250E" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7255011" ID-Zenodo-Dep="7255011" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:DE44F250FA493354FF1312E6FEFA250E" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/DE44F250FA493354FF1312E6FEFA250E" lastPageId="5" lastPageNumber="56" pageId="2" pageNumber="53">
<subSubSection id="1EF710CDFA493353FF1312E6FBD82733" pageId="2" pageNumber="53" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="56524346FA493353FF1312E6FE1F20CE" blockId="2.[151,1038,978,1076]" box="[151,457,978,1005]" pageId="2" pageNumber="53">
<heading id="0D1AF42AFA493353FF1312E6FE1F20CE" bold="true" box="[151,457,978,1005]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="2" pageNumber="53" reason="1">
<emphasis id="64999F54FA493353FF1312E6FE1F20CE" bold="true" box="[151,457,978,1005]" pageId="2" pageNumber="53">
<taxonomicName id="91ED38C5FA493353FF1312E6FEA920CF" ID-CoL="BDPGC" authority="Mukherjee &amp; Som &amp; Hazra, 2022" authorityName="Mukherjee &amp; Som &amp; Hazra" authorityYear="2022" box="[151,383,978,1005]" class="Insecta" family="Chironomidae" genus="Pseudosmittia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="53" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="luna" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="64999F54FA493353FF1312E6FEA920CF" bold="true" box="[151,383,978,1005]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="53">Pseudosmittia luna</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="7FAA222FFA493353FE0312E6FE1F20CE" box="[391,457,978,1004]" pageId="2" pageNumber="53" rank="species">sp. n.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="56524346FA493353FF1312C2FBD82733" blockId="2.[151,1038,978,1076]" box="[151,1038,1014,1041]" pageId="2" pageNumber="53">
LSIDurn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:
<uuid id="224B7993FA493353FE6912C2FBD82733" box="[493,1038,1014,1041]" pageId="2" pageNumber="53">B18DA818-F5C5-440E-A3D0-8CAF17DF9548</uuid>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="1EF710CDFA493353FF13152EFEFC2716" box="[151,298,1050,1076]" pageId="2" pageNumber="53" type="description">
<paragraph id="56524346FA493353FF13152EFEFC2716" blockId="2.[151,1038,978,1076]" box="[151,298,1050,1076]" pageId="2" pageNumber="53">
(
<figureCitation id="CED65FC3FA493353FF1B152EFEF42716" box="[159,290,1050,1076]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="3.[152,255,1943,1967]" captionTargetBox="[203,1387,192,1907]" captionTargetId="figure-19@3.[193,1394,181,1920]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURE 2. Pseudosmittia luna sp. n. male (A–D). A, B.Thorax; C. Wing, scale: 50 µm; D. Hypopygium, scale: 50 µm; E. Virga." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7251883" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7251883/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="53">Figs. 2A–E</figureCitation>
)
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="1EF710CDFA493353FF131556FAD4275E" box="[151,1282,1122,1149]" pageId="2" pageNumber="53" type="etymology">
<paragraph id="56524346FA493353FF131556FAD4275E" blockId="2.[151,1437,1122,1869]" box="[151,1282,1122,1149]" pageId="2" pageNumber="53">
<emphasis id="64999F54FA493353FF131556FEC8275E" bold="true" box="[151,286,1122,1148]" pageId="2" pageNumber="53">Etymology.</emphasis>
From the Latin word ‘
<taxonomicName id="91ED38C5FA493353FD9A1556FD86275E" authorityName="Mukherjee &amp; Som &amp; Hazra" authorityYear="2022" box="[542,592,1122,1148]" class="Insecta" family="Chironomidae" genus="Pseudosmittia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="53" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="luna">
<emphasis id="64999F54FA493353FD9A1556FD86275E" box="[542,592,1122,1148]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="53">luna</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
’ meaning, crescent shape; refers to the crescent shaped virga.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="1EF710CDFA493353FF4315B2FD3727E7" pageId="2" pageNumber="53" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph id="56524346FA493353FF4315B2FD3727E7" blockId="2.[151,1437,1122,1869]" pageId="2" pageNumber="53">
<emphasis id="64999F54FA493353FF4315B2FE942782" bold="true" box="[199,322,1158,1184]" pageId="2" pageNumber="53">Diagnosis.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="91ED38C5FA493353FECC15B2FDF62782" authority="Mukherjee &amp; Som &amp; Hazra, 2022" authorityName="Mukherjee &amp; Som &amp; Hazra" authorityYear="2022" box="[328,544,1158,1184]" class="Insecta" family="Chironomidae" genus="Pseudosmittia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="53" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="luna" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="64999F54FA493353FECC15B2FDF62782" box="[328,544,1158,1184]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="53">Pseudosmittia luna</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="64999F54FA493353FDA315B2FDB02782" bold="true" box="[551,614,1158,1184]" pageId="2" pageNumber="53">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="7FAA222FFA493353FDA315B2FDB02782" box="[551,614,1158,1184]" pageId="2" pageNumber="53" rank="species">sp. n.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
is recognised by the crescent-shaped virga, AR greater than 1.50, slender gonostylus, and broad-based anal point with 8 setae.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="1EF710CDFA493353FF4315FAFA872677" pageId="2" pageNumber="53" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="56524346FA493353FF4315FAFED72612" blockId="2.[151,1437,1122,1869]" pageId="2" pageNumber="53">
<emphasis id="64999F54FA493353FF4315FAFE7927CA" bold="true" box="[199,431,1230,1256]" pageId="2" pageNumber="53">Material examined.</emphasis>
<materialsCitation id="E685491BFA493353FE3115FAFED72612" collectingDate="2019-07-28" collectionCode="T" country="India" latitude="23.25" location="Burdwan University Campus" longLatPrecision="1256" longitude="87.833336" municipality="Purba Bardhaman" pageId="2" pageNumber="53" specimenCount="7" specimenCount-male="7" stateProvince="West Bengal" typeStatus="holotype">
<typeStatus id="8956FDE4FA493353FE3115FAFDCB27CA" box="[437,541,1230,1256]" pageId="2" pageNumber="53" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
male labelled ‘
<taxonomicName id="91ED38C5FA493353FD4315FAFC4827CA" authority="Mukherjee &amp; Som &amp; Hazra, 2022" authorityName="Mukherjee &amp; Som &amp; Hazra" authorityYear="2022" box="[711,926,1230,1256]" class="Insecta" family="Chironomidae" genus="Pseudosmittia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="53" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="luna" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="64999F54FA493353FD4315FAFC4827CA" box="[711,926,1230,1256]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="53">Pseudosmittia luna</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="64999F54FA493353FC2715FAFC3427CA" bold="true" box="[931,994,1230,1256]" pageId="2" pageNumber="53">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="7FAA222FFA493353FC2715FAFC3427CA" box="[931,994,1230,1256]" pageId="2" pageNumber="53" rank="species">sp. n.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
,
<collectingCountry id="2EFA03D6FA493353FC6A15FAFBFC27CA" box="[1006,1066,1230,1256]" name="India" pageId="2" pageNumber="53">India</collectingCountry>
,
<collectingRegion id="94298DA4FA493353FBB015FBFB1527CA" box="[1076,1219,1230,1257]" country="India" name="West Bengal" pageId="2" pageNumber="53">West Bengal</collectingRegion>
,
<collectingMunicipality id="B636D93CFA493353FB4915FAFA4E27CA" box="[1229,1432,1230,1256]" pageId="2" pageNumber="53">Purba Bardhaman</collectingMunicipality>
,
<location id="5332159DFA493353FF1315C6FE08262E" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:DE44F250FA493354FF1312E6FEFA250E:5332159DFA493353FF1315C6FE08262E" box="[151,478,1266,1292]" country="India" latitude="23.25" longLatPrecision="1256" longitude="87.833336" municipality="Purba Bardhaman" name="Burdwan University Campus" pageId="2" pageNumber="53" stateProvince="West Bengal">Burdwan University Campus</location>
(
<geoCoordinate id="33D92581FA493353FE6A15C0FD98262D" box="[494,590,1268,1295]" degrees="23" direction="north" minutes="15" orientation="latitude" pageId="2" pageNumber="53" precision="925" value="23.25">23°15′N</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="33D92581FA493353FDDE15C0FD6E262D" box="[602,696,1268,1295]" degrees="87" direction="east" minutes="50" orientation="longitude" pageId="2" pageNumber="53" precision="925" value="87.833336">87°50′E</geoCoordinate>
),
<date id="22536586FA493353FD4815C6FC98262E" box="[716,846,1266,1292]" pageId="2" pageNumber="53" value="2019-07-28">
<collectingDate id="32179C6EFA493353FD4815C6FC98262E" box="[716,846,1266,1292]" pageId="2" pageNumber="53" value="2019-07-28">28.vii.2019</collectingDate>
</date>
, leg.
<collectionCode id="30FCDB83FA493353FC0D15C7FC4D262F" box="[905,923,1267,1293]" name="Tavera, Department of Geology and Geophysics" pageId="2" pageNumber="53">T</collectionCode>
. Mukherjee’;
<typeStatus id="8956FDE4FA493353FBBC15C7FB75262F" box="[1080,1187,1267,1293]" pageId="2" pageNumber="53" type="paratype">paratypes</typeStatus>
<specimenCount id="40EB88CFFA493353FB2E15C7FAD5262E" box="[1194,1283,1266,1293]" pageId="2" pageNumber="53" type="male">7 males</specimenCount>
, data same as holotype.
</materialsCitation>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="56524346FA493353FF43140EFA872677" blockId="2.[151,1437,1122,1869]" box="[199,1361,1338,1365]" pageId="2" pageNumber="53">
<emphasis id="64999F54FA493353FF43140EFE082676" bold="true" box="[199,478,1338,1364]" pageId="2" pageNumber="53">GenBank Accession no.</emphasis>
<materialsCitation id="E685491BFA493353FE61140FFA872677" accessionNumber="MW792413, OP256569, OP256570, OP256571, OP256572" box="[485,1361,1338,1365]" collectionCode="MW" pageId="2" pageNumber="53" specimenCount="1">
Metazoan COX1:
<accessionNumber id="49BEDEA5FA493353FD37140EFCEB2676" box="[691,829,1338,1364]" httpUri="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/nuccore/MW792413" pageId="2" pageNumber="53" type="GenBank">
<collectionCode id="30FCDB83FA493353FD37140EFD3E2676" box="[691,744,1338,1364]" country="Netherlands" name="Museum Wasmann" pageId="2" pageNumber="53">MW</collectionCode>
792413
</accessionNumber>
,
<accessionNumber id="49BEDEA5FA493353FCCC140EFC142677" box="[840,962,1338,1365]" httpUri="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/nuccore/OP256569" pageId="2" pageNumber="53" type="GenBank">OP256569</accessionNumber>
,
<accessionNumber id="49BEDEA5FA493353FC4A140EFB9F2677" box="[974,1097,1338,1365]" httpUri="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/nuccore/OP256570" pageId="2" pageNumber="53" type="GenBank">OP256570</accessionNumber>
,
<accessionNumber id="49BEDEA5FA493353FBD0140EFB182677" box="[1108,1230,1338,1365]" httpUri="https://www.ebi.ac.uk/ena/browser/api/embl/OP256571" pageId="2" pageNumber="53" type="EnaNcbi">OP256571</accessionNumber>
,
<accessionNumber id="49BEDEA5FA493353FB5D140EFA872677" box="[1241,1361,1338,1365]" httpUri="https://www.ebi.ac.uk/ena/browser/api/embl/OP256572" pageId="2" pageNumber="53" type="EnaNcbi">OP256572</accessionNumber>
</materialsCitation>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="1EF710CDFA493354FF43146AFE982036" lastPageId="5" lastPageNumber="56" pageId="2" pageNumber="53" type="description">
<paragraph id="56524346FA493353FF43146AFE87265A" blockId="2.[151,1437,1122,1869]" box="[199,337,1374,1400]" pageId="2" pageNumber="53">
<emphasis id="64999F54FA493353FF43146AFE87265A" bold="true" box="[199,337,1374,1400]" pageId="2" pageNumber="53">Description</emphasis>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="56524346FA493353FF4314B6FE4D26BE" blockId="2.[151,1437,1122,1869]" box="[199,411,1410,1436]" pageId="2" pageNumber="53">
<emphasis id="64999F54FA493353FF4314B6FE4D26BE" bold="true" box="[199,411,1410,1436]" pageId="2" pageNumber="53">Male imago (n=8)</emphasis>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="56524346FA493353FF431492FD7A26C6" blockId="2.[151,1437,1122,1869]" pageId="2" pageNumber="53">
Total length 1.15–1.21,
<quantity id="9115EEA3FA493353FE501492FDEA26E3" box="[468,572,1446,1473]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.18" pageId="2" pageNumber="53" unit="mm" value="1.18">1.18 mm</quantity>
. Wing length 0.61–0.68,
<quantity id="9115EEA3FA493353FCDC1492FC6926E3" box="[856,959,1446,1473]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.4" pageId="2" pageNumber="53" unit="mm" value="0.64">0.64 mm</quantity>
. Total length/wing length 1.77–1.88, 1.84. Wing length/length of profemur 2.3–2.47, 2.41.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="56524346FA493353FF4314DAFBB8252A" blockId="2.[151,1437,1122,1869]" box="[199,1134,1518,1545]" pageId="2" pageNumber="53">Colouration. Thorax with two dark vittae; scutellum dark; abdomen pale, legs dark.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="56524346FA493353FF431726FC512556" blockId="2.[151,1437,1122,1869]" pageId="2" pageNumber="53">
<emphasis id="64999F54FA493353FF431726FED2250E" box="[199,260,1554,1580]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="53">Head</emphasis>
. AR 1.56–1.59, 1.57; 13 flagellomeres; ultimate flagellomere 216–225, 223 μm long; head width 282– 291, 286 μm; temporal setae absent; clypeus with 4 setae; palpomere lengths (I–V) (μm): 15–19, 18; 15; 29–31, 30; 48–52, 50; 78–81, 80; CA 0.59–0.63, 0.61; CP 1.469–1.574, 1.481.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="56524346FA493353FF43174AFB3325BA" blockId="2.[151,1437,1122,1869]" box="[199,1253,1662,1689]" pageId="2" pageNumber="53">
<emphasis id="64999F54FA493353FF43174AFECE25BA" box="[199,280,1662,1688]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="53">Thorax</emphasis>
(
<figureCitation id="CED65FC3FA493353FEA3174AFE1625BA" box="[295,448,1662,1688]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="3.[152,255,1943,1967]" captionTargetBox="[203,1387,192,1907]" captionTargetId="figure-19@3.[193,1394,181,1920]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURE 2. Pseudosmittia luna sp. n. male (A–D). A, B.Thorax; C. Wing, scale: 50 µm; D. Hypopygium, scale: 50 µm; E. Virga." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7251883" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7251883/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="53">Figure 2A–B</figureCitation>
). Dorsocentrals 8–9, 9; acrostichals 2; scutellars 5–6, 5; prealars 2–3, 3.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="56524346FA493353FF431797FB8725C2" blockId="2.[151,1437,1122,1869]" pageId="2" pageNumber="53">
<emphasis id="64999F54FA493353FF431797FED7259E" box="[199,257,1699,1724]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="53">Wing</emphasis>
(
<figureCitation id="CED65FC3FA493353FE941796FE5E259E" box="[272,392,1698,1724]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="3.[152,255,1943,1967]" captionTargetBox="[203,1387,192,1907]" captionTargetId="figure-19@3.[193,1394,181,1920]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURE 2. Pseudosmittia luna sp. n. male (A–D). A, B.Thorax; C. Wing, scale: 50 µm; D. Hypopygium, scale: 50 µm; E. Virga." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7251883" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7251883/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="53">Figure 2C</figureCitation>
). VR 1.3–1.8, 1.6; VR
<subScript id="CA694103FA493353FD031781FD5925E1" attach="left" box="[647,655,1717,1731]" fontSize="6" pageId="2" pageNumber="53">2</subScript>
1.52–1.57, 1.55; anal lobe weak; costal extension 5–12, 11 μm; FCu slightly bent; brachiolar 1; wing veins C, Sc, R
<subScript id="CA694103FA493353FD2117EDFD7B25C5" attach="left" box="[677,685,1753,1767]" fontSize="6" pageId="2" pageNumber="53">1</subScript>
, R
<subScript id="CA694103FA493353FD4A17EDFD3125C5" attach="left" box="[718,743,1753,1767]" fontSize="6" pageId="2" pageNumber="53">2+3</subScript>
, R
<subScript id="CA694103FA493353FC8C17ECFCF425C4" attach="left" box="[776,802,1752,1766]" fontSize="6" pageId="2" pageNumber="53">4+5</subScript>
, M, Cu bare; squama bare.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="56524346FA493353FF4317DFFDDC246E" blockId="2.[151,1437,1122,1869]" pageId="2" pageNumber="53">
<emphasis id="64999F54FA493353FF4317DFFF272426" box="[199,241,1771,1796]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="53">Leg</emphasis>
. Spurs on fore, mid, and hind tibia 21–24, 23 μm; 17–18, 18 μm; 28–31, 30 μm long, respectively. Width at apex of fore, mid, and hind tibia 19–21, 20 μm; 18 μm; 21–23, 22 μm respectively. Length and proportions of leg segments in μm given in
<tableCitation id="1B6F76FDFA493353FE341606FDD2246E" box="[432,516,1842,1868]" captionStart="TABLE 1" captionStartId="5.[152,244,151,175]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="TABLE 1. Lengths and proportions of leg segments of Pseudosmittia luna sp. n., male (n=8)." httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/029213CEFA4E3354FF1C11A3FB502392" pageId="2" pageNumber="53" tableUuid="029213CEFA4E3354FF1C11A3FB502392">Table 1</tableCitation>
.
</paragraph>
<caption id="029213CEFA483352FF1C16A3FF0024F6" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7251883" ID-Zenodo-Dep="7251883" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7251883/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="54" startId="3.[152,255,1943,1967]" targetBox="[203,1387,192,1907]" targetPageId="3">
<paragraph id="56524346FA483352FF1C16A3FF0024F6" blockId="3.[151,1437,1943,2004]" pageId="3" pageNumber="54">
<emphasis id="64999F54FA483352FF1C16A3FECC248D" bold="true" box="[152,282,1943,1967]" pageId="3" pageNumber="54">FIGURE 2.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="91ED38C5FA483352FEA616ACFE302492" authority="Mukherjee &amp; Som &amp; Hazra, 2022" authorityName="Mukherjee &amp; Som &amp; Hazra" authorityYear="2022" box="[290,486,1944,1968]" class="Insecta" family="Chironomidae" genus="Pseudosmittia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="54" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="luna" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="64999F54FA483352FEA616ACFE302492" box="[290,486,1944,1968]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="54">Pseudosmittia luna</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="64999F54FA483352FE6A16ACFDFE2492" bold="true" box="[494,552,1944,1968]" pageId="3" pageNumber="54">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="7FAA222FFA483352FE6A16ACFDFE2492" box="[494,552,1944,1968]" pageId="3" pageNumber="54" rank="species">sp. n.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
male (A–D). A, B.Thorax; C. Wing, scale: 50 µm; D. Hypopygium, scale: 50 µm; E. Virga.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<caption id="029213CEFA4F3355FF1C1666FE5124D5" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7251885" ID-Zenodo-Dep="7251885" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7251885/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="55" startId="4.[152,255,1874,1898]" targetBox="[487,1104,186,1856]" targetPageId="4">
<paragraph id="56524346FA4F3355FF1C1666FE5124D5" blockId="4.[151,1436,1874,2039]" pageId="4" pageNumber="55">
<emphasis id="64999F54FA4F3355FF1C1666FECC2448" bold="true" box="[152,282,1874,1898]" pageId="4" pageNumber="55">FIGURE 3.</emphasis>
A. Histogram of pairwise K2P distances of 23 aligned sequences using ABGD. The x-axis shows the pairwise K2P-distance, and the y-axis shows the number of pairwise sequence comparisons; B. Neighbour-Joining tree based on the COX1 gene sequences of
<taxonomicName id="91ED38C5FA4F3355FE1816ACFD892492" authority="Mukherjee &amp; Som &amp; Hazra, 2022" authorityName="Mukherjee &amp; Som &amp; Hazra" authorityYear="2022" box="[412,607,1944,1968]" class="Insecta" family="Chironomidae" genus="Pseudosmittia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="55" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="luna" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="64999F54FA4F3355FE1816ACFD892492" box="[412,607,1944,1968]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="55">Pseudosmittia luna</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="64999F54FA4F3355FDE116ACFD4B2492" bold="true" box="[613,669,1944,1968]" pageId="4" pageNumber="55">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="7FAA222FFA4F3355FDE116ACFD4B2492" box="[613,669,1944,1968]" pageId="4" pageNumber="55" rank="species">sp. n.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
and twenty-eight most similar sequences from NCBI GenBank,
<taxonomicName id="91ED38C5FA4F3355FAAD16ACFF3624F1" authority="Kieffer" authorityName="Kieffer" authorityYear="1913" class="Insecta" family="Chironomidae" genus="Allocladius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="55" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="64999F54FA4F3355FAAD16ACFA4A2492" box="[1321,1436,1944,1968]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="55">Allocladius</emphasis>
Kieffer
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="91ED38C5FA4F3355FE94168FFDBA24F1" authority="Ferrington &amp; Saether" authorityName="Ferrington &amp; Saether" authorityYear="2011" box="[272,620,1979,2004]" class="Insecta" family="Chironomidae" genus="Hydrosmittia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="55" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="64999F54FA4F3355FE94168FFE4324F1" box="[272,405,1979,2003]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="55">Hydrosmittia</emphasis>
Ferrington &amp; Saether
</taxonomicName>
as outgroup. Bootstrap value indicated above the nodes Scale: 0.02 substitutions per nucleotide position.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<caption id="029213CEFA4E3354FF1C11A3FB502392" ID-Table-UUID="029213CEFA4E3354FF1C11A3FB502392" box="[152,1158,151,176]" httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/029213CEFA4E3354FF1C11A3FB502392" pageId="5" pageNumber="56" startId="5.[152,244,151,175]" targetBox="[151,1342,192,571]" targetIsTable="true" targetPageId="5">
<paragraph id="56524346FA4E3354FF1C11A3FB502392" blockId="5.[152,1158,151,176]" box="[152,1158,151,176]" pageId="5" pageNumber="56">
<emphasis id="64999F54FA4E3354FF1C11A3FED9238D" bold="true" box="[152,271,151,175]" pageId="5" pageNumber="56">TABLE 1.</emphasis>
Lengths and proportions of leg segments of
<taxonomicName id="91ED38C5FA4E3354FD6811A3FC6F238D" authority="Mukherjee &amp; Som &amp; Hazra, 2022" authorityName="Mukherjee &amp; Som &amp; Hazra" authorityYear="2022" box="[748,953,151,175]" class="Insecta" family="Chironomidae" genus="Pseudosmittia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="56" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="luna" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="64999F54FA4E3354FD6811A3FC6F238D" box="[748,953,151,175]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="56">Pseudosmittia luna</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="64999F54FA4E3354FC4411ACFC2A2392" bold="true" box="[960,1020,152,176]" pageId="5" pageNumber="56">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="7FAA222FFA4E3354FC4411ACFC2A2392" box="[960,1020,152,176]" pageId="5" pageNumber="56" rank="species">sp. n.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
, male (n=8).
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="56524346FA4E3354FF7A11F4FAF22119" pageId="5" pageNumber="56">
<table id="24EDB1E6FA4ECCAEFF1311F4FAE82119" box="[151,1342,192,571]" gridcols="6" gridrows="9" pageId="5" pageNumber="56">
<tr id="E8DD4104FA4ECCAEFF1311F4FAE823FC" box="[151,1342,192,222]" gridrow="0" pageId="5" pageNumber="56" rowspan-0="1">
<th id="AB0C2878FA4ECCAEFF7D11F4FE5C23FC" box="[249,394,192,222]" gridcol="1" gridrow="0" pageId="5" pageNumber="56">Fe</th>
<th id="AB0C2878FA4ECCAEFE3A11F4FDF523FC" box="[446,547,192,222]" gridcol="2" gridrow="0" pageId="5" pageNumber="56">Ti</th>
<th id="AB0C2878FA4ECCAEFD0811F4FCF523FC" box="[652,803,192,222]" gridcol="3" gridrow="0" pageId="5" pageNumber="56">ta 1</th>
<th id="AB0C2878FA4ECCAEFC0211F4FB9923FC" box="[902,1103,192,222]" gridcol="4" gridrow="0" pageId="5" pageNumber="56">ta 2</th>
<th id="AB0C2878FA4ECCAEFB0811F4FAE823FC" box="[1164,1342,192,222]" gridcol="5" gridrow="0" pageId="5" pageNumber="56">ta 3</th>
</tr>
<tr id="E8DD4104FA4ECCAEFF1311DCFAE82222" box="[151,1342,232,256]" gridrow="1" pageId="5" pageNumber="56">
<th id="AB0C2878FA4ECCAEFF1311DCFF162222" box="[151,192,232,256]" gridcol="0" gridrow="1" pageId="5" pageNumber="56">P1</th>
<td id="AB0C2878FA4ECCAEFF7D11DCFE5C2222" box="[249,394,232,256]" gridcol="1" gridrow="1" pageId="5" pageNumber="56">255–275, 265</td>
<td id="AB0C2878FA4ECCAEFE3A11DCFB992222" box="[446,1103,232,256]" colspan="3" colspanRight="2" gridcol="2" gridrow="1" pageId="5" pageNumber="56">297–301, 300 173–178, 175 73–77, 75</td>
<td id="AB0C2878FA4ECCAEFB0811DCFAE82222" box="[1164,1342,232,256]" gridcol="5" gridrow="1" pageId="5" pageNumber="56">74–76, 75</td>
</tr>
<tr id="E8DD4104FA4ECCAEFF131024FAE8220A" box="[151,1342,272,296]" gridrow="2" pageId="5" pageNumber="56">
<th id="AB0C2878FA4ECCAEFF131024FF16220A" box="[151,192,272,296]" gridcol="0" gridrow="2" pageId="5" pageNumber="56">P2</th>
<td id="AB0C2878FA4ECCAEFF7D1024FE5C220A" box="[249,394,272,296]" gridcol="1" gridrow="2" pageId="5" pageNumber="56">300–320, 315</td>
<td id="AB0C2878FA4ECCAEFE3A1024FB99220A" box="[446,1103,272,296]" colspan="3" colspanRight="2" gridcol="2" gridrow="2" pageId="5" pageNumber="56">328–335, 330 178–181, 180 82–86, 85</td>
<td id="AB0C2878FA4ECCAEFB081024FAE8220A" box="[1164,1342,272,296]" gridcol="5" gridrow="2" pageId="5" pageNumber="56">74–77, 75</td>
</tr>
<tr id="E8DD4104FA4ECCAEFF13100CFAE82273" box="[151,1342,312,337]" gridrow="3" pageId="5" pageNumber="56">
<th id="AB0C2878FA4ECCAEFF13100CFF162273" box="[151,192,312,337]" gridcol="0" gridrow="3" pageId="5" pageNumber="56">P3</th>
<td id="AB0C2878FA4ECCAEFF7D100CFE5C2273" box="[249,394,312,337]" gridcol="1" gridrow="3" pageId="5" pageNumber="56">290–311, 306</td>
<td id="AB0C2878FA4ECCAEFE3A100CFB992273" box="[446,1103,312,337]" colspan="3" colspanRight="2" gridcol="2" gridrow="3" pageId="5" pageNumber="56">291–298, 292 194–198, 195 89–92, 90</td>
<td id="AB0C2878FA4ECCAEFB08100CFAE82273" box="[1164,1342,312,337]" gridcol="5" gridrow="3" pageId="5" pageNumber="56">88–91, 90</td>
</tr>
<tr id="E8DD4104FA4ECCAEFF1310B6FAE822B8" box="[151,1342,386,410]" gridrow="4" pageId="5" pageNumber="56">
<th id="AB0C2878FA4ECCAEFF1310B6FAE822B8" box="[151,1342,386,410]" colspan="6" colspanRight="5" gridcol="0" gridrow="4" pageId="5" pageNumber="56">Continued.</th>
</tr>
<tr id="E8DD4104FA4ECCAEFF13109EFAE822EB" box="[151,1342,426,457]" gridrow="5" pageId="5" pageNumber="56" rowspan-0="1">
<td id="AB0C2878FA4ECCAEFF7D109EFE5C22EB" box="[249,394,426,457]" gridcol="1" gridrow="5" pageId="5" pageNumber="56">ta4</td>
<td id="AB0C2878FA4ECCAEFE3A109EFDF522EB" box="[446,547,426,457]" gridcol="2" gridrow="5" pageId="5" pageNumber="56">ta 5</td>
<td id="AB0C2878FA4ECCAEFD08109EFCF522EB" box="[652,803,426,457]" gridcol="3" gridrow="5" pageId="5" pageNumber="56">LR</td>
<td id="AB0C2878FA4ECCAEFC02109EFB9922EB" box="[902,1103,426,457]" gridcol="4" gridrow="5" pageId="5" pageNumber="56">BV</td>
<td id="AB0C2878FA4ECCAEFB08109EFAE822EB" box="[1164,1342,426,457]" gridcol="5" gridrow="5" pageId="5" pageNumber="56">SV</td>
</tr>
<tr id="E8DD4104FA4ECCAEFF1310E6FAE822C8" box="[151,1342,466,490]" gridrow="6" pageId="5" pageNumber="56">
<th id="AB0C2878FA4ECCAEFF1310E6FF1622C8" box="[151,192,466,490]" gridcol="0" gridrow="6" pageId="5" pageNumber="56">P1</th>
<td id="AB0C2878FA4ECCAEFF7D10E6FE5C22C8" box="[249,394,466,490]" gridcol="1" gridrow="6" pageId="5" pageNumber="56">43–48, 45</td>
<td id="AB0C2878FA4ECCAEFE3A10E6FDF522C8" box="[446,547,466,490]" gridcol="2" gridrow="6" pageId="5" pageNumber="56">37–42, 40</td>
<td id="AB0C2878FA4ECCAEFD0810E6FCF522C8" box="[652,803,466,490]" gridcol="3" gridrow="6" pageId="5" pageNumber="56">0.58–059, 0.58</td>
<td id="AB0C2878FA4ECCAEFC0210E6FB9922C8" box="[902,1103,466,490]" gridcol="4" gridrow="6" pageId="5" pageNumber="56">3.10–3.19, 3.14</td>
<td id="AB0C2878FA4ECCAEFB0810E6FAE822C8" box="[1164,1342,466,490]" gridcol="5" gridrow="6" pageId="5" pageNumber="56">3.19–3.23, 3.22</td>
</tr>
<tr id="E8DD4104FA4ECCAEFF1310CEFAE82131" box="[151,1342,506,531]" gridrow="7" pageId="5" pageNumber="56">
<th id="AB0C2878FA4ECCAEFF1310CEFF162131" box="[151,192,506,531]" gridcol="0" gridrow="7" pageId="5" pageNumber="56">P2</th>
<td id="AB0C2878FA4ECCAEFF7D10CEFE5C2131" box="[249,394,506,531]" gridcol="1" gridrow="7" pageId="5" pageNumber="56">44–46, 45</td>
<td id="AB0C2878FA4ECCAEFE3A10CEFDF52131" box="[446,547,506,531]" gridcol="2" gridrow="7" pageId="5" pageNumber="56">44–46, 45</td>
<td id="AB0C2878FA4ECCAEFD0810CEFCF52131" box="[652,803,506,531]" gridcol="3" gridrow="7" pageId="5" pageNumber="56">0.54</td>
<td id="AB0C2878FA4ECCAEFC0210CEFB992131" box="[902,1103,506,531]" gridcol="4" gridrow="7" pageId="5" pageNumber="56">3.27–3.3, 3.0</td>
<td id="AB0C2878FA4ECCAEFB0810CEFAE82131" box="[1164,1342,506,531]" gridcol="5" gridrow="7" pageId="5" pageNumber="56">3.52–3.61, 3.58</td>
</tr>
<tr id="E8DD4104FA4ECCAEFF131317FAE82119" box="[151,1342,547,571]" gridrow="8" pageId="5" pageNumber="56">
<th id="AB0C2878FA4ECCAEFF131317FF162119" box="[151,192,547,571]" gridcol="0" gridrow="8" pageId="5" pageNumber="56">P3</th>
<td id="AB0C2878FA4ECCAEFF7D1317FE5C2119" box="[249,394,547,571]" gridcol="1" gridrow="8" pageId="5" pageNumber="56">59–62, 60</td>
<td id="AB0C2878FA4ECCAEFE3A1317FDF52119" box="[446,547,547,571]" gridcol="2" gridrow="8" pageId="5" pageNumber="56">44–46, 45</td>
<td id="AB0C2878FA4ECCAEFD081317FCF52119" box="[652,803,547,571]" gridcol="3" gridrow="8" pageId="5" pageNumber="56">0.66</td>
<td id="AB0C2878FA4ECCAEFC021317FB992119" box="[902,1103,547,571]" gridcol="4" gridrow="8" pageId="5" pageNumber="56">2.75–2.8, 2.76</td>
<td id="AB0C2878FA4ECCAEFB081317FAE82119" box="[1164,1342,547,571]" gridcol="5" gridrow="8" pageId="5" pageNumber="56">2.99–309, 3.04</td>
</tr>
</table>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="56524346FA4E3354FF43135FFE982036" blockId="5.[151,1437,618,1580]" pageId="5" pageNumber="56">
<emphasis id="64999F54FA4E3354FF43135FFE8021A6" box="[199,342,619,644]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="56">Hypopygium</emphasis>
(
<figureCitation id="CED65FC3FA4E3354FEEF135EFDDD21A6" box="[363,523,618,644]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="3.[152,255,1943,1967]" captionTargetBox="[203,1387,192,1907]" captionTargetId="figure-19@3.[193,1394,181,1920]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURE 2. Pseudosmittia luna sp. n. male (A–D). A, B.Thorax; C. Wing, scale: 50 µm; D. Hypopygium, scale: 50 µm; E. Virga." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7251883" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7251883/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="56">Figure 2D–E</figureCitation>
). Anal point 6–9, 8 μm long; phallapodeme 39–45, 42 μm long; transverse sternapodeme 28–37, 32 μm long; virga (
<figureCitation id="CED65FC3FA4E3354FDDA13BAFD19218A" box="[606,719,654,680]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="3.[152,255,1943,1967]" captionTargetBox="[203,1387,192,1907]" captionTargetId="figure-19@3.[193,1394,181,1920]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURE 2. Pseudosmittia luna sp. n. male (A–D). A, B.Thorax; C. Wing, scale: 50 µm; D. Hypopygium, scale: 50 µm; E. Virga." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7251883" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7251883/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="56">Figure 2E</figureCitation>
) crescent shaped, 26–28, 27 μm long; inferior volsella triangular with no accessory lobes, 51–54, 52 μm long, reaching 0.77–0.78, 0.78 of gonocoxite; gonocoxite 66–69, 68 μm long; gonostylus 38–42, 41 μm long, slender; crista well developed, megaseta 6 μm long. HR 1.78–1.84, 1.81; HV 1.69–2.88, 2.28.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="1EF710CDFA4E3354FF43122AFB892676" pageId="5" pageNumber="56" type="discussion">
<paragraph id="56524346FA4E3354FF43122AFC8720A2" blockId="5.[151,1437,618,1580]" pageId="5" pageNumber="56">
<emphasis id="64999F54FA4E3354FF43122AFEE2201A" bold="true" box="[199,308,798,824]" pageId="5" pageNumber="56">Remarks</emphasis>
.
<taxonomicName id="91ED38C5FA4E3354FEC5122AFDC1201A" authority="Mukherjee &amp; Som &amp; Hazra, 2022" authorityName="Mukherjee &amp; Som &amp; Hazra" authorityYear="2022" box="[321,535,798,824]" class="Insecta" family="Chironomidae" genus="Pseudosmittia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="56" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="luna" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="64999F54FA4E3354FEC5122AFDC1201A" box="[321,535,798,824]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="56">Pseudosmittia luna</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="64999F54FA4E3354FD99122AFD82201A" bold="true" box="[541,596,798,824]" pageId="5" pageNumber="56">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="7FAA222FFA4E3354FD99122AFD82201A" box="[541,596,798,824]" pageId="5" pageNumber="56" rank="species">sp.n.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
belongs to
<taxonomicName id="91ED38C5FA4E3354FD57122AFCAE201A" baseAuthorityName="Edwards" baseAuthorityYear="1927" box="[723,888,798,824]" class="Insecta" family="Chironomidae" genus="Pseudosmittia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="56" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="brachydicrana">
<emphasis id="64999F54FA4E3354FD57122AFCAE201A" box="[723,888,798,824]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="56">brachydicrana</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
group based on a weak but not reduced anal lobe, a short costal extension, a postcubital fork in wing, reduced or lack of superior volsella, inferior volsella placed posterior on the gonocoxite, and inconspicuous crista dorsalis.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="56524346FA4E3354FF4312BEFC332732" blockId="5.[151,1437,618,1580]" pageId="5" pageNumber="56">
The species is similar to
<taxonomicName id="91ED38C5FA4E3354FE5512BFFC182086" authority="Ferrington and Saether, 2011" authorityName="Ferrington and Saether" authorityYear="2011" box="[465,974,906,933]" class="Insecta" family="Chironomidae" genus="Pseudosmittia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="56" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="christmasensis">
<emphasis id="64999F54FA4E3354FE5512BFFE342086" box="[465,482,907,932]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="56">P</emphasis>
.
<emphasis id="64999F54FA4E3354FE6A12BEFD452086" box="[494,659,906,932]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="56">christmasensis</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="327C3EB7FA4E3354FD1312BEFC182086" author="Ferrington, L. C. Jr. &amp; Saether, O. A." box="[663,974,906,932]" pageId="5" pageNumber="56" pagination="1 - 314" refId="ref6787" refString="Ferrington, L. C. Jr. &amp; Saether, O. A. (2011) A revision of the genera Pseudosmittia Edwards, 1932, Allocladius Kieffer, 1913, and Hydrosmittia gen. n. (Diptera: Chironomidae, Orthocladiinae). Zootaxa, 2849 (1), 1 - 314. https: // doi. org / 10.11646 / zootaxa. 2849.1.1" type="journal article" year="2011">
Ferrington and Saether,
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in the shape of inferior volsella. However, anal point of the new species is much smaller than
<taxonomicName id="91ED38C5FA4E3354FD56129BFC4020EA" authorityName="Ferrington and Saether" authorityYear="2011" box="[722,918,942,969]" class="Insecta" family="Chironomidae" genus="Pseudosmittia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="56" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="christmasensis">
<emphasis id="64999F54FA4E3354FD56129BFD3520EA" box="[722,739,943,968]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="56">P</emphasis>
.
<emphasis id="64999F54FA4E3354FD75129AFC4020EA" box="[753,918,942,968]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="56">christmasensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(20 μm) along with smaller HR (2.02), longer virga (20 μm) and higher AR (0.89). A comparison of some morphological characteristics of adult males among the proposed new species with other species in the genus is provided in table 2.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="56524346FA4E3354FF43152EFB892676" blockId="5.[151,1437,618,1580]" pageId="5" pageNumber="56">
The K2P distances between the five sequences varied from 0 to 0.01. The average interspecific K2P distances reported from NCBI and BOLD for the genus
<taxonomicName id="91ED38C5FA4E3354FD19150AFCEA277A" authorityName="Edwards" authorityYear="1932" box="[669,828,1086,1112]" class="Insecta" family="Chironomidae" genus="Pseudosmittia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="56" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="64999F54FA4E3354FD19150AFCEA277A" box="[669,828,1086,1112]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="56">Pseudosmittia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
were 0.09 (
<figureCitation id="CED65FC3FA4E3354FC3B150AFBE1277A" box="[959,1079,1086,1112]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="4.[152,255,1874,1898]" captionTargetBox="[487,1104,186,1856]" captionTargetId="figure-24@4.[475,1113,174,1865]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURE 3. A. Histogram of pairwise K2P distances of 23 aligned sequences using ABGD. The x-axis shows the pairwise K2P-distance, and the y-axis shows the number of pairwise sequence comparisons; B. Neighbour-Joining tree based on the COX1 gene sequences of Pseudosmittia luna sp. n. and twenty-eight most similar sequences from NCBI GenBank, Allocladius Kieffer and Hydrosmittia Ferrington &amp; Saether as outgroup. Bootstrap value indicated above the nodes Scale: 0.02 substitutions per nucleotide position." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7251885" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7251885/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="56">Figure 3A</figureCitation>
). The average interspecific K2P distance between the genera of the subfamily
<taxonomicName id="91ED38C5FA4E3354FD1C1556FCE8275E" box="[664,830,1122,1148]" class="Insecta" family="Chironomidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="56" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subFamily" subFamily="Orthocladiinae">Orthocladiinae</taxonomicName>
is 0.189 (
<bibRefCitation id="327C3EB7FA4E3354FC291556FB16275E" author="Mohammadi, H. &amp; Ghobari, H. &amp; Ghaderi, E. &amp; Fatehi, F. &amp; Salehi, H. &amp; Namayandeh, A." box="[941,1216,1122,1149]" pageId="5" pageNumber="56" pagination="1416 - 1437" refId="ref7398" refString="Mohammadi, H., Ghobari, H., Ghaderi, E., Fatehi, F., Salehi, H. &amp; Namayandeh, A. (2021) Chironomidae (Diptera: Insecta) of Qeshlagh River, Kurdistan: DNA and morphology reveal new genus, species, and faunistic records for Iran. Journal of Zoological Systematics and Evolutionary Research, 59, 1416 - 1437. https: // doi. org / 10.1111 / jzs. 12521" type="journal article" year="2021">
Mohammadi
<emphasis id="64999F54FA4E3354FBC11557FBA0275E" box="[1093,1142,1122,1148]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="56">et al</emphasis>
. 2021
</bibRefCitation>
). These K2P values were utilised for discrimination and delimitation of the species (
<bibRefCitation id="327C3EB7FA4E3354FCF315B2FB982782" author="Ekrem, T. &amp; Stur, E. &amp; Hebert, P. D." box="[887,1102,1158,1185]" pageId="5" pageNumber="56" pagination="397 - 408" refId="ref6721" refString="Ekrem, T., Stur, E. &amp; Hebert, P. D. (2010) Females do count: Documenting Chironomidae (Diptera) species diversity using DNA barcoding. Organisms Diversity &amp; Evolution, 10 (5), 397 - 408. https: // doi. org / 10.1007 / s 13127 - 010 - 0034 - y." type="journal article" year="2010">
Ekrem
<emphasis id="64999F54FA4E3354FC4915B3FBD72782" box="[973,1025,1158,1184]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="56">et al</emphasis>
. 2010
</bibRefCitation>
). The COX1 sequences of
<taxonomicName id="91ED38C5FA4E3354FA0015B3FF1F27E6" authority="Mukherjee &amp; Som &amp; Hazra, 2022" authorityName="Mukherjee &amp; Som &amp; Hazra" authorityYear="2022" class="Insecta" family="Chironomidae" genus="Pseudosmittia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="56" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="luna" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="64999F54FA4E3354FA0015B3FA432782" box="[1412,1429,1159,1184]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="56">P</emphasis>
.
<emphasis id="64999F54FA4E3354FF13159EFF1F27E6" box="[151,201,1194,1220]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="56">luna</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="64999F54FA4E3354FF4B159EFED827E6" bold="true" box="[207,270,1194,1220]" pageId="5" pageNumber="56">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="7FAA222FFA4E3354FF4B159EFED827E6" box="[207,270,1194,1220]" pageId="5" pageNumber="56" rank="species">sp. n.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
can be differentiated from other sequenced species by more than 10% divergence which is more than the interspecific divergence obtained by ABGD analysis (9.6%). Among all the sequences available at NCBI GenBank, the barcode sequence of the proposed new species showed least divergence with an unknown species with accession number
<accessionNumber id="49BEDEA5FA4E3354FF711422FEAF2612" box="[245,377,1302,1328]" httpUri="https://www.ebi.ac.uk/ena/browser/api/embl/MG301870" pageId="5" pageNumber="56">MG301870</accessionNumber>
. The results are represented in the form of a dendrogram (
<figureCitation id="CED65FC3FA4E3354FB8B1422FB552612" box="[1039,1155,1302,1328]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="4.[152,255,1874,1898]" captionTargetBox="[487,1104,186,1856]" captionTargetId="figure-24@4.[475,1113,174,1865]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURE 3. A. Histogram of pairwise K2P distances of 23 aligned sequences using ABGD. The x-axis shows the pairwise K2P-distance, and the y-axis shows the number of pairwise sequence comparisons; B. Neighbour-Joining tree based on the COX1 gene sequences of Pseudosmittia luna sp. n. and twenty-eight most similar sequences from NCBI GenBank, Allocladius Kieffer and Hydrosmittia Ferrington &amp; Saether as outgroup. Bootstrap value indicated above the nodes Scale: 0.02 substitutions per nucleotide position." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7251885" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7251885/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="56">Figure 3B</figureCitation>
) using K2P and uniform distribution. The distance among the sequences is shown in the form of a matrix (S1)).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="1EF710CDFA4E3354FF43146AFEFA250E" pageId="5" pageNumber="56" type="biology_ecology">
<paragraph id="56524346FA4E3354FF43146AFEFA250E" blockId="5.[151,1437,618,1580]" pageId="5" pageNumber="56">
<emphasis id="64999F54FA4E3354FF43146AFEF0265A" bold="true" box="[199,294,1374,1400]" pageId="5" pageNumber="56">Ecology</emphasis>
. The species is strictly diurnal. Individuals belonging to the species were never found in light trap collections. Large swarms occur over a marker at a height of about
<quantity id="9115EEA3FA4E3354FC0814B6FC3226BF" box="[908,996,1410,1437]" metricMagnitude="0" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.6" pageId="5" pageNumber="56" unit="cm" value="160.0">160 cm</quantity>
. The midges used any object as marker like vehicles, dried leaves, and inflorescence. Swarms were observed to disperse once the markers were moved. Swarming took place under bright sunlight in hot and humid conditions of 86 to 90% and temperatures 35 to 40°C. Multiple swarms in a small area were a common occurrence. Swarming was observed between mid-morning and mid-evening.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>
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