treatments-xml/data/DD/3B/87/DD3B87ADFF912B5D9AC9F9C380E2FB97.xml

<document id="3A7C476B8FAFC12F09F27674ACE94173" ID-CLB-Dataset="20393" ID-DOI="10.11646/phytotaxa.536.3.7" ID-GBIF-Dataset="a8e37f25-901d-4fe7-b8de-1713354eacca" ID-ISSN="1179-3163" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6331918" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="existingObjects,plazi" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1646592985097" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Marinho, Alexandra Monteiro Nobre Lucas Cardoso, Cabral, Fernanda Nunes, Demarchi, Layon Oreste &amp; Sousa, Juliana Hipólito De" docDate="2022" docId="DD3B87ADFF912B5D9AC9F9C380E2FB97" docLanguage="en" docName="phytotaxa.536.3.7.pdf" docOrigin="Phytotaxa 536 (3)" docStyle="DocumentStyle:96748F8F1B6C902996E134952A3A36B9.7:Phytotaxa.2014-.journal_article" docStyleId="96748F8F1B6C902996E134952A3A36B9" docStyleName="Phytotaxa.2014-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="7" docTitle="Tovomita manauara A. Nobre &amp; L. Marinho 2022, sp. nov." docType="treatment" docVersion="9" lastPageNumber="276" masterDocId="2102FFD5FF902B5B9A41FFD78578FF8F" masterDocTitle="Tovomita manauara (Clusiaceae): a new species revealed by fruit morphology and leaf anatomy" masterLastPageNumber="278" masterPageNumber="270" pageNumber="271" updateTime="1699316750456" updateUser="ExternalLinkService" zenodo-license-figures="UNSPECIFIED" zenodo-license-treatments="UNSPECIFIED">
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<mods:title id="636E303D2311A834553FE1D55E0AFDA7">Tovomita manauara (Clusiaceae): a new species revealed by fruit morphology and leaf anatomy</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="36F84E750745AD9DD4CBB4CDE09A1CA2">Marinho, Alexandra Monteiro Nobre Lucas Cardoso</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="7F5800193F144241F5B2046DBBEB2E58">Cabral, Fernanda Nunes</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="FA60BF37BB07948E5443F5AB20BB5423">Instituto Federal de Minas Gerais, Av. Professor Mário Werneck 2590, Buritis, 30575 - 180, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais. Brazil. &amp; nandancb @ gmail. com; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0001 - 8367 - 8818</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="6815B69977213A722129E39C84433BAF">Demarchi, Layon Oreste</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="35199C44B0DC9887570E40FD8265732C">Programa de Pós-graduação em Ciências Biológicas (Botânica), Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas da Amazônia, Av. André Araújo 2936, Petrópolis, 69067 - 375, Manaus, Amazonas, Brazil. &amp; layon. lod @ gmail. com; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0001 - 8441 - 2106</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="A058267B634CEC347F52A16AD57E41DF">Sousa, Juliana Hipólito De</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="71B9FE66C18ACC4597A6B89D4E0C6D7F">Programa de Pós-graduação em Ciências Biológicas (Botânica), Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas da Amazônia, Av. André Araújo 2936, Petrópolis, 69067 - 375, Manaus, Amazonas, Brazil. &amp; Instituto de Biologia, Universidade Federal da Bahia, Av. Adhemar de Barros s / nº, Ondina, 40170 - 110, Salvador, Bahia, Brazil.</mods:affiliation>
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<taxonomicName id="92924D38FF912B5A9AC9F9C387FEF9A1" ID-CoL="98YFF" authority="A. Nobre &amp; L. Marinho" authorityName="A. Nobre &amp; L. Marinho" authorityYear="2022" box="[136,646,1556,1583]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Clusiaceae" genus="Tovomita" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malpighiales" pageId="1" pageNumber="271" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="manauara" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="67E6EAA9FF912B5A9AC9F9C38409F9A1" bold="true" box="[136,369,1556,1582]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="271">Tovomita manauara</emphasis>
A. Nobre &amp; L. Marinho
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, 
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<emphasis id="67E6EAA9FF912B5A98D3F9C28799F9A1" box="[658,737,1557,1582]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="271">sp. nov</emphasis>
.
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(
<figureCitation id="CDA92A3EFF912B5A98B6F9C38646F9A1" box="[759,830,1556,1582]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="2.[136,229,1869,1891]" captionTargetBox="[198,1415,494,1828]" captionTargetId="figure-151@2.[151,1436,494,1842]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="FIGURE 1. General aspect of Tovomita manauara in sicco. A. Branch with closed fruits. B. Detail of the abaxial surface of leaf blade. C. Detail showing a cross section of the closed fruit with an aborted seed. D. Gray shadows show the fruit shape and number of septa in T. caloneura (left) and T. manauara (right). A and C detail from Nee 42991 (NY01417188); B and C from Silva s/n (NY01417091). Image courtesy of the C.V. Starr Virtual Herbarium, New York Botanical Garden (http://bluegum.nybg.org/science/vh/)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6331920" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6331920/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="271">Figs 1</figureCitation>
, 
<figureCitation id="CDA92A3EFF912B5A990DF9C38623F9A1" box="[844,859,1556,1582]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="3.[136,229,1882,1904]" captionTargetBox="[202,1386,545,1857]" captionTargetId="figure-201@3.[202,1386,533,1857]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURE 2. Transversal sections of the petiole of Tovomita manauara (A–C) and T. caloneura (D–F). A. General overview of vascular system and secretory canals distribution across cortical region, black arrows showing secretory canals. B. Detail of vascular bundles; notes the absence of fibers around the vascular bundles. C. Detail of angular collenchyma (white arrow) and presence of druse. D. General overview of the vascular system and secretory canals distribution across cortical region, black arrows showing secretory canals. E. Detail of vascular bundles. F. Detail of the petiole, arrowheads showing idioblasts. co—cortex, col—collenchyma, vb—vascular bundles, ep— epidermis, xy—xylem, ph—phloem, sc—secretory canals, dr—druse." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6331924" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6331924/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="271">2</figureCitation>
)
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<emphasis id="67E6EAA9FF912B5A9AC9F9B785C2F9FA" bold="true" box="[136,186,1632,1653]" pageId="1" pageNumber="271">Type</emphasis>
:— 
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. 
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: 
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, ca. 
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<quantity id="926A9B5EFF912B5A9867F9B7871BF9F9" box="[550,611,1632,1654]" metricMagnitude="4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="9.0" pageId="1" pageNumber="271" unit="km" value="90.0">90 km</quantity>
N de Manaus
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, 
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, rodovia BR 174, km 72, depois 
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oeste da BR, Fazenda Dimona, mata de terra-firme sobre latosolo amarelo, árvore n°3362, 
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, 
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, 
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. a.s.l., 
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<collectingDate id="3168E993FF912B5A9FD2F9538465F932" pageId="1" pageNumber="271" value="1992-07-16">16 July 1992</collectingDate>
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, fr., 
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<emphasis id="67E6EAA9FF912B5A9B09F97F8427F932" box="[328,351,1704,1725]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="271">M</emphasis>
<emphasis id="67E6EAA9FF912B5A9B1EF97F84F5F932" box="[351,397,1704,1725]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="271">. Nee</emphasis>
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42991 (
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<collectionCode id="3383AE7EFF912B5A9876F97F8713F932" box="[567,619,1704,1725]" country="Brazil" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/rm88-499z" name="Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas da Amazonia" pageId="1" pageNumber="271">INPA</collectionCode>
barcode 
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!;
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isotypes 
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!, 
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!, 
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barcode 
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!, 
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!)
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.
</paragraph>
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<subSubSection id="1D886530FF912B5A9AC9F91C8766F8C2" pageId="1" pageNumber="271" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph id="552D36BBFF912B5A9AC9F91C8766F8C2" blockId="1.[136,1452,1632,1870]" pageId="1" pageNumber="271">
<emphasis id="67E6EAA9FF912B5A9AC9F91C858BF96E" bold="true" box="[136,243,1739,1761]" pageId="1" pageNumber="271">Diagnosis:</emphasis>
— 
<taxonomicName id="92924D38FF912B5A9B4AF91B84B4F96E" box="[267,460,1740,1761]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Clusiaceae" genus="Tovomita" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malpighiales" pageId="1" pageNumber="271" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="manauara">
<emphasis id="67E6EAA9FF912B5A9B4AF91B84B4F96E" box="[267,460,1740,1761]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="271">Tovomita manauara</emphasis>
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is morphologically similar to 
<taxonomicName id="92924D38FF912B5A98AEF91B861FF96E" authorityName="A. C. Smith" authorityYear="1939" box="[751,871,1740,1761]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Clusiaceae" genus="Tovomita" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malpighiales" pageId="1" pageNumber="271" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="caloneura">
<emphasis id="67E6EAA9FF912B5A98AEF91B861FF96E" box="[751,871,1740,1761]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="271">T. caloneura</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, and can be differentiated by the amount of secondary veins (25–36 pairs vs. up to 26 pairs in 
<taxonomicName id="92924D38FF912B5A9BBBF927870AF88A" authorityName="A. C. Smith" authorityYear="1939" box="[506,626,1776,1797]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Clusiaceae" genus="Tovomita" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malpighiales" pageId="1" pageNumber="271" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="caloneura">
<emphasis id="67E6EAA9FF912B5A9BBBF927870AF88A" box="[506,626,1776,1797]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="271">T. caloneura</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
), fruit morphology (4-septate and turbinate vs. 5-septate and fusiform) and anatomical aspects—secretory canals larger (&gt; ~40 µm vs. &lt;~20 µm), presence of collenchyma in the petiole (vs. absent), and the absence of druses in the midvein (vs. presence).
</paragraph>
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<emphasis id="67E6EAA9FF912B5A9AC9F8AB8464F819" bold="true" box="[136,284,1916,1942]" pageId="1" pageNumber="271">Description:</emphasis>
—Trees 
<quantity id="926A9B5EFF912B5A9B3AF8AB84A5F818" box="[379,477,1916,1943]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.65" metricValueMax="1.8" metricValueMin="1.5" pageId="1" pageNumber="271" unit="m" value="16.5" valueMax="18.0" valueMin="15.0">15–18 m</quantity>
alt., dbh ca. 
<quantity id="926A9B5EFF912B5A982BF8AB87CAF818" box="[618,690,1916,1943]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.0" pageId="1" pageNumber="271" unit="cm" value="30.0">30 cm</quantity>
; prop roots conspicuous with 
<quantity id="926A9B5EFF912B5A99BCF8AB815FF818" box="[1021,1063,1916,1943]" metricMagnitude="0" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" pageId="1" pageNumber="271" unit="m" value="1.0">1 m</quantity>
in height; outer bark gray, smooth, inner bark reddish; exudate yellow; proximal internodes 
<quantity id="926A9B5EFF912B5A98B0F8778614F834" box="[753,876,1952,1979]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.35" metricValueMax="8.2" metricValueMin="2.5" pageId="1" pageNumber="271" unit="cm" value="5.35" valueMax="8.2" valueMin="2.5">2.5–8.2 cm</quantity>
long, distal internodes 
<quantity id="926A9B5EFF912B5A9E29F877819AF834" box="[1128,1250,1952,1979]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.3" metricValueMax="3.4" metricValueMin="1.2" pageId="1" pageNumber="271" unit="cm" value="2.3" valueMax="3.4" valueMin="1.2">1.2–3.4 cm</quantity>
long. Petioles 
<quantity id="926A9B5EFF912B5A9FC0F87785D2F850" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.5" metricValueMax="2.0" metricValueMin="1.0" pageId="1" pageNumber="271" unit="cm" value="1.5" valueMax="2.0" valueMin="1.0">1–2 cm</quantity>
long, green, slightly canaliculate, not striated, lenticels absent. Leaf blades 4.7–14.2 × 
<quantity id="926A9B5EFF912B5A9E33F8138189F850" box="[1138,1265,1988,2015]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.5" metricValueMax="7.1" metricValueMin="1.9" pageId="1" pageNumber="271" unit="cm" value="4.5" valueMax="7.1" valueMin="1.9">1.9–7.1 cm</quantity>
, brownish-green and shiny 
<emphasis id="67E6EAA9FF912B5A9AB6F83E8433F78D" box="[247,331,2025,2050]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="271">in sicco</emphasis>
, the adaxial surface darker than the abaxial, black dots present on both surfaces, subcoriaceous, brittle, oblong or obovate, base convex or rounded, apex acute or apiculate, margin entire and slightly revolute, exudate canals conspicuous, parallel to secondary veins, visible only abaxially 
<emphasis id="67E6EAA9FF922B599913FF4886D1FF37" box="[850,937,159,184]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="272">in sicco</emphasis>
as blackish lines. Venation brochidodromous, midvein immersed adaxially and prominent abaxially; secondary veins in 25–36 pairs, 
<quantity id="926A9B5EFF922B599E2BFF1581A6FF52" box="[1130,1246,194,221]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.6" metricValueMax="6.2" metricValueMin="1.0" pageId="2" pageNumber="272" unit="mm" value="3.6" valueMax="6.2" valueMin="1.0">1–6.2 mm</quantity>
apart, forming an angle ca. 70º to the midvein, immersed adaxially and slightly prominent abaxially; intersecondary veins present, one or rarely two per intercostal area, similar to the secondary veins, parallel to major secondaries and reticulating near the margin, visible only abaxially 
<emphasis id="67E6EAA9FF922B59984AFEF8871BFEC7" box="[523,611,303,328]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="272">in sicco</emphasis>
; tertiary veins percurrent sinuous to reticulate; intramarginal vein present. Capsules fleshy, 2.5–5.3 × 
<quantity id="926A9B5EFF922B599B87FE858732FEE2" box="[454,586,338,365]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.65" metricValueMax="2.4" metricValueMin="0.9" pageId="2" pageNumber="272" unit="cm" value="1.65" valueMax="2.4" valueMin="0.9">0.9–2.4 cm</quantity>
, green when immature, epicarp smooth; mesocarp purplish-red, pleasantly aromatic, 4-septate, turbinate to napiform when closed, not costate, 4-lobed; pedicel slightly dilated 1–1.5(–4.4) cm long; sepals, petals and staminodes caducous, 4–stigmas persistent 
<quantity id="926A9B5EFF922B5999C0FE4D869AFE3A" box="[897,994,410,437]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.0" metricValueMax="6.0" metricValueMin="2.0" pageId="2" pageNumber="272" unit="mm" value="4.0" valueMax="6.0" valueMin="2.0">2–6 mm</quantity>
. Seeds 4, often one is aborted, ellipsoid, aril light orange.
</paragraph>
<caption id="01ED6633FF922B599AC9F89A81BEF85F" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6331920" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6331920" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6331920/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="272" startId="2.[136,229,1869,1891]" targetBox="[198,1415,494,1828]" targetPageId="2">
<paragraph id="552D36BBFF922B599AC9F89A81BEF85F" blockId="2.[136,1453,1869,2000]" pageId="2" pageNumber="272">
<emphasis id="67E6EAA9FF922B599AC9F89A8585F8EC" bold="true" box="[136,253,1869,1891]" pageId="2" pageNumber="272">FIGURE 1.</emphasis>
General aspect of 
<emphasis id="67E6EAA9FF922B599BEEF89987C7F8EC" box="[431,703,1870,1891]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="272">
<taxonomicName id="92924D38FF922B599BEEF8998708F8EC" box="[431,624,1870,1891]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Clusiaceae" genus="Tovomita" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malpighiales" pageId="2" pageNumber="272" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="manauara">Tovomita manauara</taxonomicName>
in sicco
</emphasis>
. 
<emphasis id="67E6EAA9FF922B59988BF89A879AF8ED" bold="true" box="[714,738,1869,1890]" pageId="2" pageNumber="272">A.</emphasis>
Branch with closed fruits. 
<emphasis id="67E6EAA9FF922B5999A5F8998682F8EC" bold="true" box="[996,1018,1870,1891]" pageId="2" pageNumber="272">B.</emphasis>
Detail of the abaxial surface of leaf blade. 
<emphasis id="67E6EAA9FF922B599FD5F89A80D3F8EC" bold="true" box="[1428,1451,1869,1891]" pageId="2" pageNumber="272">C.</emphasis>
Detail showing a cross section of the closed fruit with an aborted seed. 
<emphasis id="67E6EAA9FF922B59997DF8A5862CF808" bold="true" box="[828,852,1906,1927]" pageId="2" pageNumber="272">D.</emphasis>
Gray shadows show the fruit shape and number of septa in 
<taxonomicName id="92924D38FF922B599FDBF8A58591F824" authorityName="A. C. Smith" authorityYear="1939" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Clusiaceae" genus="Tovomita" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malpighiales" pageId="2" pageNumber="272" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="caloneura">
<emphasis id="67E6EAA9FF922B599FDBF8A58591F824" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="272">T. caloneura</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(left) and 
<taxonomicName id="92924D38FF922B599B0EF84184B2F824" box="[335,458,1942,1963]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Clusiaceae" genus="Tovomita" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malpighiales" pageId="2" pageNumber="272" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="manauara">
<emphasis id="67E6EAA9FF922B599B0EF84184B2F824" box="[335,458,1942,1963]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="272">T. manauara</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(right). A and C detail from 
<emphasis id="67E6EAA9FF922B59989EF841863FF824" box="[735,839,1942,1963]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="272">Nee 42991</emphasis>
(NY01417188); B and C from 
<emphasis id="67E6EAA9FF922B599E39F84181B2F824" box="[1144,1226,1942,1963]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="272">Silva s/n</emphasis>
(NY01417091). Image courtesy of the C.V. Starr Virtual Herbarium, New York Botanical Garden (http://bluegum.nybg.org/science/vh/).
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="552D36BBFF932B589AFCFF4987B6FE73" blockId="3.[136,1452,158,509]" pageId="3" pageNumber="273">
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<emphasis id="67E6EAA9FF932B589AFCFF49879BFF37" bold="true" box="[189,739,158,184]" pageId="3" pageNumber="273">
Additional Specimens Examined (
<typeStatus id="8A298819FF932B589819FF4987AFFF37" box="[600,727,158,184]" pageId="3" pageNumber="273" type="paratype">Paratypes</typeStatus>
):
</emphasis>
— 
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. 
<location id="504D6060FF932B589932FF498696FF37" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:DD3B87ADFF912B5D9AC9F9C380E2FB97:504D6060FF932B589932FF498696FF37" box="[883,1006,158,184]" country="Brazil" county="Careiro" municipality="rio Araca" name="Amazonas" pageId="3" pageNumber="273">Amazonas</location>
: 
<location id="504D6060FF932B5899BBFF48812DFF36" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:DD3B87ADFF912B5D9AC9F9C380E2FB97:504D6060FF932B5899BBFF48812DFF36" box="[1018,1109,159,185]" country="Brazil" county="Careiro" municipality="rio Araca" name="Manaus" pageId="3" pageNumber="273">Manaus</location>
, estrada 
<location id="504D6060FF932B589EFDFF4880DFFF37" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:DD3B87ADFF912B5D9AC9F9C380E2FB97:504D6060FF932B589EFDFF4880DFFF37" box="[1212,1447,158,185]" country="Brazil" county="Careiro" municipality="rio Araca" name="Manaus-Porto Velho" pageId="3" pageNumber="273">Manaus-Porto Velho</location>
, estrada entre o lago do 
<location id="504D6060FF932B589BD3FF158482FF53" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:DD3B87ADFF912B5D9AC9F9C380E2FB97:504D6060FF932B589BD3FF158482FF53" box="[402,506,194,220]" country="Brazil" county="Careiro" municipality="rio Araca" name="Castanho" pageId="3" pageNumber="273">Castanho</location>
e o 
<collectingMunicipality id="B549ACC1FF932B58986DFF1587E0FF53" box="[556,664,194,220]" pageId="3" pageNumber="273">rio Araçá</collectingMunicipality>
, em direção ao 
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, 
<date id="212C107BFF932B5899EFFF15813CFF53" box="[942,1092,194,220]" pageId="3" pageNumber="273" value="1972-07-12">
<collectingDate id="3168E993FF932B5899EFFF15813CFF53" box="[942,1092,194,220]" pageId="3" pageNumber="273" value="1972-07-12">12 July 1972</collectingDate>
</date>
, fr., 
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<collectionCode id="3383AE7EFF932B589E36FF1481E9FF53" box="[1143,1169,195,220]" country="Germany" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15637" name="Botanische Staatssammlung München" pageId="3" pageNumber="273" type="Herbarium">M</collectionCode>
. 
<collectionCode id="3383AE7EFF932B589ED5FF1481DEFF53" box="[1172,1190,195,220]" country="USA" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15707" name="Field Museum of Natural History, Botany Department" pageId="3" pageNumber="273" type="Herbarium">F</collectionCode>
</emphasis>
</materialsCitation>
<emphasis id="67E6EAA9FF932B589EE7FF1481D2FF53" box="[1190,1194,195,220]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="273">.</emphasis>
<materialsCitation id="E5FA3CE6FF932B589EF3FF158685FE8F" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3696831302" collectionCode="INPA" country="Brazil" location="Silva" municipality="Distrito Agropecuario da Suframa" pageId="3" pageNumber="273" specimenCode="INPA0096784, BR 174" specimenCount="1">
<emphasis id="67E6EAA9FF932B589EF3FF158025FF53" box="[1202,1373,194,220]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="273">
<location id="504D6060FF932B589EF3FF158192FF53" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:DD3B87ADFF912B5D9AC9F9C380E2FB97:504D6060FF932B589EF3FF158192FF53" box="[1202,1258,194,220]" country="Brazil" municipality="Distrito Agropecuario da Suframa" name="Silva" pageId="3" pageNumber="273">Silva</location>
et al. 564
</emphasis>
(
<collectionCode id="3383AE7EFF932B589F2DFF1580D4FF53" box="[1388,1452,194,220]" country="Brazil" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/rm88-499z" name="Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas da Amazonia" pageId="3" pageNumber="273">INPA</collectionCode>
barcode 
<specimenCode id="05349EC0FF932B589AAAFF3184EAFE8E" box="[235,402,230,257]" collectionCode="INPA" country="Brazil" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/rm88-499z" name="Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas da Amazonia" pageId="3" pageNumber="273">INPA0096784</specimenCode>
); 
<collectingMunicipality id="B549ACC1FF932B589BE9FF31864BFE8F" box="[424,819,230,256]" pageId="3" pageNumber="273">Distrito Agropecuário da Suframa</collectingMunicipality>
, rodovia 
<specimenCode id="05349EC0FF932B5899E0FF308685FE8F" box="[929,1021,230,257]" collectionCode="BR" country="Brazil" name="Embrapa Agrobiology Diazothrophic Microbial Culture Collection" pageId="3" pageNumber="273">BR 174</specimenCode>
</materialsCitation>
, 
<materialsCitation id="E5FA3CE6FF932B589E4CFF3185B6FEC7" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3696831309" collectingDate="1986-08-27" collectionCode="M, J, R" country="Brazil" latitude="-2.3833332" location="Fazenda Esteio" longLatPrecision="1307" longitude="-59.85" pageId="3" pageNumber="273" specimenCount="1">
km 64, depois 
<quantity id="926A9B5EFF932B589EFCFF318070FE8F" box="[1213,1288,230,256]" metricMagnitude="4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.3" pageId="3" pageNumber="273" unit="km" value="23.0">23 km</quantity>
leste na ZF3, 
<location id="504D6060FF932B589AC9FEDD844FFEAB" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:DD3B87ADFF912B5D9AC9F9C380E2FB97:504D6060FF932B589AC9FEDD844FFEAB" box="[136,311,266,292]" country="Brazil" latitude="-2.3833332" longLatPrecision="1307" longitude="-59.85" name="Fazenda Esteio" pageId="3" pageNumber="273">Fazenda Esteio</location>
, mata de terra-firme sobre latosolo amarelo, árvore n°2803, 
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, 
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, 
<date id="212C107BFF932B589E89FEDD80F8FEAB" box="[1224,1408,266,292]" pageId="3" pageNumber="273" value="1986-08-27">
<collectingDate id="3168E993FF932B589E89FEDD80F8FEAB" box="[1224,1408,266,292]" pageId="3" pageNumber="273" value="1986-08-27">27 August 1986</collectingDate>
</date>
, fr., 
<emphasis id="67E6EAA9FF932B589AC9FEF885B6FEC7" box="[136,206,303,328]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="273">
<collectionCode id="3383AE7EFF932B589AC9FEF885DCFEC7" box="[136,164,303,328]" country="Germany" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15637" name="Botanische Staatssammlung München" pageId="3" pageNumber="273" type="Herbarium">M</collectionCode>
. 
<collectionCode id="3383AE7EFF932B589AE9FEF885C0FEC7" box="[168,184,303,328]" country="South Africa" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:14647" name="University of the Witwatersrand" pageId="3" pageNumber="273" type="Herbarium">J</collectionCode>
. 
<collectionCode id="3383AE7EFF932B589AFAFEF885B6FEC7" box="[187,206,303,328]" country="Chile" name="Departamento de Geologia, Universidad de Chile" pageId="3" pageNumber="273">R</collectionCode>
</emphasis>
</materialsCitation>
<emphasis id="67E6EAA9FF932B589A8FFEF885AAFEC7" box="[206,210,303,328]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="273">.</emphasis>
<materialsCitation id="E5FA3CE6FF932B589A99FEF88737FEE2" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3699026303" collectionCode="INPA, N" country="Brazil" location="Pereira" municipality="Distrito Agropecuario da Suframa" pageId="3" pageNumber="273" specimenCode="INPA0096786, BR 174" specimenCount="1">
<emphasis id="67E6EAA9FF932B589A99FEF8842BFEC6" box="[216,339,303,329]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="273">
<location id="504D6060FF932B589A99FEF88455FEC7" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:DD3B87ADFF912B5D9AC9F9C380E2FB97:504D6060FF932B589A99FEF88455FEC7" box="[216,301,303,328]" country="Brazil" municipality="Distrito Agropecuario da Suframa" name="Pereira" pageId="3" pageNumber="273">Pereira</location>
s/n
</emphasis>
(
<collectionCode id="3383AE7EFF932B589B21FEF984D8FEC7" box="[352,416,302,328]" country="Brazil" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/rm88-499z" name="Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas da Amazonia" pageId="3" pageNumber="273">INPA</collectionCode>
barcode 
<specimenCode id="05349EC0FF932B589844FEF987D3FEC6" box="[517,683,302,329]" collectionCode="INPA" country="Brazil" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/rm88-499z" name="Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas da Amazonia" pageId="3" pageNumber="273">INPA0096786</specimenCode>
); ca. 
<locationDeviation id="449F2F99FF932B5898A2FEF986BCFEC6" box="[739,964,302,329]" location="Manaus" pageId="3" pageNumber="273">
<quantity id="926A9B5EFF932B5898A2FEF98651FEC7" box="[739,809,302,328]" metricMagnitude="4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="9.0" pageId="3" pageNumber="273" unit="km" value="90.0">90 km</quantity>
<collectionCode id="3383AE7EFF932B58996EFEF8863BFEC6" box="[815,835,303,329]" country="China" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:13092" name="Nanjing University" pageId="3" pageNumber="273" type="Herbarium">N</collectionCode>
de Manaus
</locationDeviation>
, 
<collectingMunicipality id="B549ACC1FF932B58998EFEF98034FEC7" box="[975,1356,302,328]" pageId="3" pageNumber="273">Distrito Agropecuário da Suframa</collectingMunicipality>
, rodovia 
<specimenCode id="05349EC0FF932B589AC9FE8485A7FEE3" box="[136,223,338,365]" collectionCode="BR" country="Brazil" name="Embrapa Agrobiology Diazothrophic Microbial Culture Collection" pageId="3" pageNumber="273">BR 174</specimenCode>
, km 72, depois 
<quantity id="926A9B5EFF932B589BCAFE8584BAFEE3" box="[395,450,338,364]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.0" pageId="3" pageNumber="273" unit="km" value="6.0">6 km</quantity>
oeste da BR
</materialsCitation>
, 
<materialsCitation id="E5FA3CE6FF932B589818FE858731FE1F" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3696831301" collectingDate="1989-06-28" collectionCode="E" country="Brazil" latitude="-2.3166666" location="Fazenda Dimona" longLatPrecision="1307" longitude="-60.083332" pageId="3" pageNumber="273" specimenCount="1">
<location id="504D6060FF932B589818FE858661FEE3" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:DD3B87ADFF912B5D9AC9F9C380E2FB97:504D6060FF932B589818FE858661FEE3" box="[601,793,338,364]" country="Brazil" latitude="-2.3166666" longLatPrecision="1307" longitude="-60.083332" name="Fazenda Dimona" pageId="3" pageNumber="273">Fazenda Dimona</location>
, mata de terra-firme sobre latosolo amarelo, árvore n°3362, 
<geoCoordinate id="30A6507CFF932B589AC9FEA1859EFE1F" box="[136,230,374,400]" degrees="02" direction="south" minutes="19" orientation="latitude" pageId="3" pageNumber="273" precision="925" value="-2.3166666">02°19’S</geoCoordinate>
, 
<geoCoordinate id="30A6507CFF932B589AB5FEA18420FE1E" box="[244,344,374,401]" degrees="60" direction="west" minutes="05" orientation="longitude" pageId="3" pageNumber="273" precision="925" value="-60.083332">60°05’W</geoCoordinate>
, 
<date id="212C107BFF932B589B29FEA1877CFE1F" box="[360,516,374,401]" pageId="3" pageNumber="273" value="1989-06-28">
<collectingDate id="3168E993FF932B589B29FEA1877CFE1F" box="[360,516,374,401]" pageId="3" pageNumber="273" value="1989-06-28">28 June 1989</collectingDate>
</date>
, fr., 
<collectionCode id="3383AE7EFF932B589879FEA08731FE1F" box="[568,585,375,400]" country="United Kingdom" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15670" name="Royal Botanic Garden Edinburgh" pageId="3" pageNumber="273" type="Herbarium">
<emphasis id="67E6EAA9FF932B589879FEA08731FE1F" box="[568,585,375,400]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="273">E</emphasis>
</collectionCode>
</materialsCitation>
<emphasis id="67E6EAA9FF932B589808FEA08728FE1F" box="[585,592,375,400]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="273">.</emphasis>
<materialsCitation id="E5FA3CE6FF932B589818FEA18653FE3B" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3696831310" collectionCode="INPA, NY, N" country="Brazil" location="Palheta" municipality="Distrito Agropecuario da Suframa" pageId="3" pageNumber="273" specimenCode="NY01417090, BR 174" specimenCount="1">
<emphasis id="67E6EAA9FF932B589818FEA187A1FE1E" box="[601,729,374,401]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="273">
<location id="504D6060FF932B589818FEA187C8FE1F" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:DD3B87ADFF912B5D9AC9F9C380E2FB97:504D6060FF932B589818FEA187C8FE1F" box="[601,688,374,400]" country="Brazil" municipality="Distrito Agropecuario da Suframa" name="Palheta" pageId="3" pageNumber="273">Palheta</location>
s/n
</emphasis>
(
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n° 175768, 
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barcode 
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); ca. 
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de Manaus
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, 
<collectingMunicipality id="B549ACC1FF932B589AAFFE4D8714FE3B" box="[238,620,410,436]" pageId="3" pageNumber="273">Distrito Agropecuário da Suframa</collectingMunicipality>
, rodovia 
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, 
<materialsCitation id="E5FA3CE6FF932B589977FE4D81BFFE56" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3696831307" collectingDate="1989-07-26" collectionCode="S" country="Brazil" latitude="-2.3833332" location="Fazenda Esteio" longLatPrecision="1307" longitude="-59.85" pageId="3" pageNumber="273" specimenCount="1">
km 64, depois 
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leste na ZF3, 
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, mata de terra-firme sobre latosolo amarelo, árvore n°2803, 
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, 
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, 
<date id="212C107BFF932B589992FE698114FE57" box="[979,1132,446,472]" pageId="3" pageNumber="273" value="1989-07-26">
<collectingDate id="3168E993FF932B589992FE698114FE57" box="[979,1132,446,472]" pageId="3" pageNumber="273" value="1989-07-26">26 July 1989</collectingDate>
</date>
, fr., 
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<collectionCode id="3383AE7EFF932B589EE0FE6881CAFE56" box="[1185,1202,447,473]" country="Sweden" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15668" name="Department of Botany, Swedish Museum of Natural History" pageId="3" pageNumber="273" type="Herbarium">S</collectionCode>
. 
<collectionCode id="3383AE7EFF932B589EF7FE6881BFFE56" box="[1206,1223,447,473]" country="Sweden" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15668" name="Department of Botany, Swedish Museum of Natural History" pageId="3" pageNumber="273" type="Herbarium">S</collectionCode>
</emphasis>
</materialsCitation>
<emphasis id="67E6EAA9FF932B589E86FE6881B3FE56" box="[1223,1227,447,473]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="273">.</emphasis>
<materialsCitation id="E5FA3CE6FF932B589E95FE6987B2FE73" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3696831304" collectionCode="INPA, NY" country="Brazil" location="Silva" pageId="3" pageNumber="273" specimenCode="INPA0096787, NY01417091" specimenCount="1">
<emphasis id="67E6EAA9FF932B589E95FE698024FE56" box="[1236,1372,446,473]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="273">
da 
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s/n
</emphasis>
(
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barcode 
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, 
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barcode 
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)
</materialsCitation>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<caption id="01ED6633FF932B589AC9F88D8650F7AB" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6331924" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6331924" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6331924/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="273" startId="3.[136,229,1882,1904]" targetBox="[202,1386,545,1857]" targetPageId="3">
<paragraph id="552D36BBFF932B589AC9F88D8650F7AB" blockId="3.[136,1452,1882,2084]" pageId="3" pageNumber="273">
<emphasis id="67E6EAA9FF932B589AC9F88D8586F8E0" bold="true" box="[136,254,1882,1904]" pageId="3" pageNumber="273">FIGURE 2.</emphasis>
Transversal sections of the petiole of 
<taxonomicName id="92924D38FF932B589830F88C864BF8FF" box="[625,819,1883,1904]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Clusiaceae" genus="Tovomita" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malpighiales" pageId="3" pageNumber="273" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="manauara">
<emphasis id="67E6EAA9FF932B589830F88C864BF8FF" box="[625,819,1883,1904]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="273">Tovomita manauara</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(A–C) and 
<taxonomicName id="92924D38FF932B5899E6F88C8159F8E0" authorityName="A. C. Smith" authorityYear="1939" box="[935,1057,1882,1904]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Clusiaceae" genus="Tovomita" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malpighiales" pageId="3" pageNumber="273" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="caloneura">
<emphasis id="67E6EAA9FF932B5899E6F88C8159F8E0" box="[935,1057,1882,1904]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="273">T. caloneura</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(D–F). 
<emphasis id="67E6EAA9FF932B589E2EF88D81FFF8E0" bold="true" box="[1135,1159,1882,1903]" pageId="3" pageNumber="273">A.</emphasis>
General overview of vascular system and secretory canals distribution across cortical region, black arrows showing secretory canals. 
<emphasis id="67E6EAA9FF932B589EC5F8A981E2F81C" bold="true" box="[1156,1178,1918,1939]" pageId="3" pageNumber="273">B.</emphasis>
Detail of vascular bundles; notes the absence of fibers around the vascular bundles. 
<emphasis id="67E6EAA9FF932B5898DEF87587CEF837" bold="true" box="[671,694,1954,1976]" pageId="3" pageNumber="273">C.</emphasis>
Detail of angular collenchyma (white arrow) and presence of druse. 
<emphasis id="67E6EAA9FF932B589F02F8758022F838" bold="true" box="[1347,1370,1954,1975]" pageId="3" pageNumber="273">D.</emphasis>
General overview of the vascular system and secretory canals distribution across cortical region, black arrows showing secretory canals. 
<emphasis id="67E6EAA9FF932B589F14F8118013F854" bold="true" box="[1365,1387,1990,2011]" pageId="3" pageNumber="273">E.</emphasis>
Detail of vascular bundles. 
<emphasis id="67E6EAA9FF932B589B11F83D841AF870" bold="true" box="[336,354,2026,2047]" pageId="3" pageNumber="273">F.</emphasis>
Detail of the petiole, arrowheads showing idioblasts. co—cortex, col—collenchyma, vb—vascular bundles, ep— epidermis, xy—xylem, ph—phloem, sc—secretory canals, dr—druse.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<caption id="01ED6633FF942B5F9AC9FBED847AFB18" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6331926" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6331926" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6331926/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="274" startId="4.[136,229,1082,1104]" targetBox="[151,1436,190,1058]" targetPageId="4">
<paragraph id="552D36BBFF942B5F9AC9FBED847AFB18" blockId="4.[136,1452,1082,1175]" pageId="4" pageNumber="274">
<emphasis id="67E6EAA9FF942B5F9AC9FBED8478FBC0" bold="true" box="[136,256,1082,1104]" pageId="4" pageNumber="274">FIGURE 3.</emphasis>
Scanning electron micrographs (SEM) from the leaf blade of 
<taxonomicName id="92924D38FF942B5F992FFBEC814AFBDF" box="[878,1074,1083,1104]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Clusiaceae" genus="Tovomita" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malpighiales" pageId="4" pageNumber="274" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="manauara">
<emphasis id="67E6EAA9FF942B5F992FFBEC814AFBDF" box="[878,1074,1083,1104]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="274">Tovomita manauara</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(A–C) and 
<taxonomicName id="92924D38FF942B5F9EEDFBEC805FFBC0" authorityName="A. C. Smith" authorityYear="1939" box="[1196,1319,1082,1104]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Clusiaceae" genus="Tovomita" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malpighiales" pageId="4" pageNumber="274" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="caloneura">
<emphasis id="67E6EAA9FF942B5F9EEDFBEC805FFBC0" box="[1196,1319,1082,1104]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="274">T. caloneura</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(D–F). 
<emphasis id="67E6EAA9FF942B5F9F39FBED80D3FBC0" bold="true" box="[1400,1451,1082,1103]" pageId="4" pageNumber="274">A–B.</emphasis>
Abaxial surface view. 
<emphasis id="67E6EAA9FF942B5F9B1DFB89840BFBFB" bold="true" box="[348,371,1118,1140]" pageId="4" pageNumber="274">C.</emphasis>
Detail of a stomata. 
<emphasis id="67E6EAA9FF942B5F9876FB898736FBFC" bold="true" box="[567,590,1118,1139]" pageId="4" pageNumber="274">D.</emphasis>
Abaxial surface view. 
<emphasis id="67E6EAA9FF942B5F9966FB898645FBFC" bold="true" box="[807,829,1118,1139]" pageId="4" pageNumber="274">E.</emphasis>
Detail of a stomata. 
<emphasis id="67E6EAA9FF942B5F9E41FB89816AFBFC" bold="true" box="[1024,1042,1118,1139]" pageId="4" pageNumber="274">F.</emphasis>
Detail of a druse on the petiole. dr—druse, st—stomata.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<subSubSection id="1D886530FF942B5F9AFCFB1181A4FA8A" pageId="4" pageNumber="274" type="etymology">
<paragraph id="552D36BBFF942B5F9AFCFB1181A4FA8A" blockId="4.[136,1452,1222,2077]" pageId="4" pageNumber="274">
<emphasis id="67E6EAA9FF942B5F9AFCFB118430FB6F" bold="true" box="[189,328,1222,1248]" pageId="4" pageNumber="274">Etymology:</emphasis>
—Manauara (Portuguese) is a person who is born in the municipality of Manaus, Amazonas state, 
<collectingCountry id="2D85762BFF942B5F9AC9FB3D85B7FA8B" box="[136,207,1258,1284]" name="Brazil" pageId="4" pageNumber="274">Brazil</collectingCountry>
, where all the specimens came from. Besides the species, the first author is also a manauara.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="1D886530FF942B5D9AFCFAD980E2FB97" lastPageId="6" lastPageNumber="276" pageId="4" pageNumber="274" type="distribution">
<paragraph id="552D36BBFF942B5F9AFCFAD985A2F98F" blockId="4.[136,1452,1222,2077]" pageId="4" pageNumber="274">
<emphasis id="67E6EAA9FF942B5F9AFCFAD9867FFAA7" bold="true" box="[189,775,1294,1320]" pageId="4" pageNumber="274">Distribution, Habitat and Conservation Status:</emphasis>
—All the known specimens of 
<taxonomicName id="92924D38FF942B5F9EC0FAD88010FAA7" box="[1153,1384,1295,1320]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Clusiaceae" genus="Tovomita" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malpighiales" pageId="4" pageNumber="274" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="manauara">
<emphasis id="67E6EAA9FF942B5F9EC0FAD88010FAA7" box="[1153,1384,1295,1320]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="274">Tovomita manauara</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
were collected in dense ombrophilous forest situated in low altitudes (between 60 and 
<specimenCount id="4394FD32FF942B5F9E5BFAE58111FAC2" box="[1050,1129,1330,1357]" pageId="4" pageNumber="274" type="generic">
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.
</specimenCount>
a.s.l.), known as 
<emphasis id="67E6EAA9FF942B5F9F6EFAE580D3FAC3" box="[1327,1451,1330,1356]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="274">terra-firme</emphasis>
forest (see physiognomic descriptions in 
<bibRefCitation id="31034B4AFF942B5F9818FA818649FAFF" author="Ribeiro, J. E. L. S. &amp; Hopkins, M. J. G. &amp; Vicentini, A. &amp; Sothers, C. A. &amp; Costa, M. A. S. &amp; Brito, J. M. &amp; Souza, M. A. D. &amp; Martins, L. H. &amp; Lohmann, L. G. &amp; Assuncao, P. A. &amp; Pereira, E. C. &amp; Silva, C. F. &amp; Mesquita, M. R. &amp; Procopio, L. C." box="[601,817,1366,1392]" pageId="4" pageNumber="274" refId="ref5413" refString="Ribeiro, J. E. L. S., Hopkins, M. J. G., Vicentini, A., Sothers, C. A., Costa, M. A. S., Brito, J. M., Souza, M. A. D., Martins, L. H., Lohmann, L. G., Assuncao, P. A., Pereira, E. C., Silva, C. F., Mesquita, M. R. &amp; Procopio, L. C. (1999) Flora da Reserva Ducke. Guia de identificacao das plantas vasculares de uma floresta de terra firme na Amazonia Central. INPA-DFID, Manaus, 800 pp." type="book" year="1999">
Ribeiro 
<emphasis id="67E6EAA9FF942B5F98F5FA808796FAFF" box="[692,750,1366,1392]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="274">et al.</emphasis>
1999
</bibRefCitation>
). The area of occurrence is located on extensive tertiary sediments within the lowland plains of the Amazon, with predominantly clayey latosols (ferralsols) that are generally poor in nutrients due to long periods of leaching (
<bibRefCitation id="31034B4AFF942B5F98E8FA4986DBFA37" author="Oliveira, A. A. &amp; Mori, S. A." box="[681,931,1438,1464]" pageId="4" pageNumber="274" pagination="1219 - 1244" refId="ref5274" refString="Oliveira, A. A. &amp; Mori, S. A. (1999) A central Amazonian terra firme forest. High tree species richness on poor soils. Biodiversity and Conservation 8: 1219 - 1244. https: // doi. org / 10.1023 / A: 1008908615271" type="journal article" year="1999">Oliveira &amp; Mori 1999</bibRefCitation>
). 
<taxonomicName id="92924D38FF942B5F99F4FA4881EEFA37" box="[949,1174,1439,1464]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Clusiaceae" genus="Tovomita" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malpighiales" pageId="4" pageNumber="274" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="manauara">
<emphasis id="67E6EAA9FF942B5F99F4FA4881EEFA37" box="[949,1174,1439,1464]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="274">Tovomita manauara</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
grows in the sub-canopy stratum (
<quantity id="926A9B5EFF942B5F9AACFA158410FA52" box="[237,360,1474,1501]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.75" metricValueMax="2.0" metricValueMin="1.5" pageId="4" pageNumber="274" unit="m" value="17.5" valueMax="20.0" valueMin="15.0">15 to 20 m</quantity>
tall) of forests that are in a good state of conservation and, apparently do not occur in secondary forests.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="552D36BBFF942B5F9AFCF9DC85A9F85B" blockId="4.[136,1452,1222,2077]" pageId="4" pageNumber="274">
Due to the few available records, which are concentrated in only two nearby locations, 
<taxonomicName id="92924D38FF942B5F9EC4F9DC806BF9AB" box="[1157,1299,1547,1572]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Clusiaceae" genus="Tovomita" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malpighiales" pageId="4" pageNumber="274" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="manauara">
<emphasis id="67E6EAA9FF942B5F9EC4F9DC806BF9AB" box="[1157,1299,1547,1572]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="274">T. manauara</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is considered as having deficient data (DD) following what was adopted by 
<bibRefCitation id="31034B4AFF942B5F9903F9F9811AF9C7" author="Marinho, L. C. &amp; Beech, E." box="[834,1122,1582,1608]" pageId="4" pageNumber="274" refId="ref4945" refString="Marinho, L. C. &amp; Beech, E. (2019) The Red List of Tovomita. Botanic Gardens Conservation International, Richmond, 27 pp." type="book" year="2019">Marinho &amp; Beech (2019)</bibRefCitation>
. The exsiccates/specimens of 
<taxonomicName id="92924D38FF942B5F9AC9F984846FF9E3" box="[136,279,1619,1644]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Clusiaceae" genus="Tovomita" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malpighiales" pageId="4" pageNumber="274" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="manauara">
<emphasis id="67E6EAA9FF942B5F9AC9F984846FF9E3" box="[136,279,1619,1644]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="274">T. manauara</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
were collected in the study sites of the world’s largest and longest-running experimental study of habitat fragmentation, the Biological Dynamics of Forest Fragments Project (BDFFP). This project was created in the 70’s, after the Brazilian government announced the deforestation of a large area for agricultural development in the region. As a result, forest patches of different sizes were maintained for the study of the impacts caused by the fragmentation (
<bibRefCitation id="31034B4AFF942B5F9ACEF93584C9F973" author="Laurance, W. F. &amp; Luizao, R. C. C." box="[143,433,1762,1788]" pageId="4" pageNumber="274" pagination="409 - 410" refId="ref4857" refString="Laurance, W. F. &amp; Luizao, R. C. C. (2007) Driving a wedge into the Amazon. Nature 448: 409 - 410. https: // doi. org / 10.1038 / 448409 a" type="journal article" year="2007">Laurance &amp; Luizão 2007</bibRefCitation>
). The BDFF project, in partnership with government agencies, in order to protect its study sites, implemented a protected area of 3,288 ha (Area of Relevant Ecological Interest - Biological Dynamics of Forest Fragments Project AREI – BDFFP) in 1985, which covered the known area of occurrence of 
<taxonomicName id="92924D38FF942B5F9EE0F8FC8048F8CB" box="[1185,1328,1835,1860]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Clusiaceae" genus="Tovomita" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malpighiales" pageId="4" pageNumber="274" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="manauara">
<emphasis id="67E6EAA9FF942B5F9EE0F8FC8048F8CB" box="[1185,1328,1835,1860]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="274">T. manauara</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. However, nowadays, the protected area and the entire region suffer from threats due to illegal farming, logging, and hunting (
<bibRefCitation id="31034B4AFF942B5F9ACEF8A584CDF803" author="Laurance, W. F. &amp; Luizao, R. C. C." box="[143,437,1906,1932]" pageId="4" pageNumber="274" pagination="409 - 410" refId="ref4857" refString="Laurance, W. F. &amp; Luizao, R. C. C. (2007) Driving a wedge into the Amazon. Nature 448: 409 - 410. https: // doi. org / 10.1038 / 448409 a" type="journal article" year="2007">Laurance &amp; Luizão 2007</bibRefCitation>
). This situation has become further aggravated by the urban expansion of the suburbs of Manaus, and the construction of small roads or trails that facilitate the illegal occupation of public lands (
<bibRefCitation id="31034B4AFF942B5F9F15F84185BDF85B" author="Esteves, B." pageId="4" pageNumber="274" refId="ref4723" refString="Esteves, B. (2007) Com os dias contados? Ciencia Hoje On-line. Available from: https: // cienciahoje. org. br / com-os-dias-contados / (accessed 17 October 2021)" type="url" year="2007">Esteves 2007</bibRefCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="552D36BBFF942B5E9AFCF8098153FE8F" blockId="4.[136,1452,1222,2077]" lastBlockId="5.[136,1451,158,257]" lastPageId="5" lastPageNumber="275" pageId="4" pageNumber="274">
<emphasis id="67E6EAA9FF942B5F9AFCF8098731F877" bold="true" box="[189,585,2014,2040]" pageId="4" pageNumber="274">Taxonomy notes and comments:</emphasis>
—Almost 30 years after the collection of the 
<typeStatus id="8A298819FF942B5F9E20F80881E9F876" box="[1121,1169,2015,2041]" pageId="4" pageNumber="274">type</typeStatus>
materials, specimens of 
<taxonomicName id="92924D38FF942B5F9AC9F7D48415F793" box="[136,365,2051,2076]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Clusiaceae" genus="Tovomita" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malpighiales" pageId="4" pageNumber="274" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="manauara">
<emphasis id="67E6EAA9FF942B5F9AC9F7D48415F793" box="[136,365,2051,2076]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="274">Tovomita manauara</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
with flowers have not yet been collected. Despite the BDFF project operating in the area of occurrence for more than 40 years, the absence of materials with flowers may be a reflection of the lack of scheduled collection in the area. In this sense, we recommend carrying out systematic fieldwork, followed by detailed taxonomic studies to bring this and other species not yet described to the fore (
<bibRefCitation id="31034B4AFF952B5E993AFF318158FE8F" author="Hopkins, M. J. G." box="[891,1056,230,256]" pageId="5" pageNumber="275" pagination="20190396" refId="ref4759" refString="Hopkins, M. J. G. (2019) Are we close to knowing the plant diversity of the Amazon? Anais da Academia Brasileira de Ciencias 91: e 20190396. https: // doi. org / 10.1590 / 0001 - 3765201920190396" type="journal article" year="2019">Hopkins 2019</bibRefCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<caption id="01ED6633FF952B5E9AC9F950843AF8A2" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6331928" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6331928" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6331928/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="275" startId="5.[136,229,1671,1693]" targetBox="[183,1404,281,1635]" targetPageId="5">
<paragraph id="552D36BBFF952B5E9AC9F950843AF8A2" blockId="5.[136,1452,1671,1837]" pageId="5" pageNumber="275">
<emphasis id="67E6EAA9FF952B5E9AC9F9508586F913" bold="true" box="[136,254,1671,1693]" pageId="5" pageNumber="275">FIGURE 4.</emphasis>
Transversal sections of leaf blade of 
<taxonomicName id="92924D38FF952B5E9824F95F865EF912" box="[613,806,1672,1693]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Clusiaceae" genus="Tovomita" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malpighiales" pageId="5" pageNumber="275" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="manauara">
<emphasis id="67E6EAA9FF952B5E9824F95F865EF912" box="[613,806,1672,1693]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="275">Tovomita manauara</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(A–B) and 
<taxonomicName id="92924D38FF952B5E99D9F95F8169F913" authorityName="A. C. Smith" authorityYear="1939" box="[920,1041,1671,1693]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Clusiaceae" genus="Tovomita" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malpighiales" pageId="5" pageNumber="275" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="caloneura">
<emphasis id="67E6EAA9FF952B5E99D9F95F8169F913" box="[920,1041,1671,1693]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="275">T. caloneura</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(C–E). 
<emphasis id="67E6EAA9FF952B5E9E1FF950810EF913" bold="true" box="[1118,1142,1671,1692]" pageId="5" pageNumber="275">A.</emphasis>
Transverse section with general view, black arrows point to secretory canals, black arrowheads point to fibers. 
<emphasis id="67E6EAA9FF952B5E9932F97B86F1F94E" bold="true" box="[883,905,1708,1729]" pageId="5" pageNumber="275">B.</emphasis>
Detail of the vascular system and secretory canals (black arrow). 
<emphasis id="67E6EAA9FF952B5E9A95F9188594F96A" bold="true" box="[212,236,1743,1765]" pageId="5" pageNumber="275">C.</emphasis>
Transverse section with general view. 
<emphasis id="67E6EAA9FF952B5E9823F9078701F96A" bold="true" box="[610,633,1744,1765]" pageId="5" pageNumber="275">D.</emphasis>
Vascular bundles in the general view. 
<emphasis id="67E6EAA9FF952B5E99AAF9078179F96A" bold="true" box="[1003,1025,1744,1765]" pageId="5" pageNumber="275">E.</emphasis>
Transversal section of the leaf blade. mv— midvein, ms—mesophyll, ct—cuticle, xy—xylem, ph—phloem, pp—palisade parenchyma, sp—spongy parenchyma, ep—epidermis, vb – vascular bundles.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="552D36BBFF952B5D9AFCF88A807FFE8F" blockId="5.[136,1451,1884,2090]" lastBlockId="6.[136,1452,158,1049]" lastPageId="6" lastPageNumber="276" pageId="5" pageNumber="275">
<taxonomicName id="92924D38FF952B5E9AFCF88A84D8F8F9" box="[189,416,1885,1910]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Clusiaceae" genus="Tovomita" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malpighiales" pageId="5" pageNumber="275" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="manauara">
<emphasis id="67E6EAA9FF952B5E9AFCF88A84D8F8F9" box="[189,416,1885,1910]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="275">Tovomita manauara</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
can be recognized among other species of the genus by a large number of secondary veins (25–36 pairs vs. up to 26 pairs in 
<taxonomicName id="92924D38FF952B5E984BF85687E1F815" authorityName="A. C. Smith" authorityYear="1939" box="[522,665,1920,1946]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Clusiaceae" genus="Tovomita" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malpighiales" pageId="5" pageNumber="275" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="caloneura">
<emphasis id="67E6EAA9FF952B5E984BF85687E1F815" box="[522,665,1920,1946]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="275">T. caloneura</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, 
<figureCitation id="CDA92A3EFF952B5E98E9F8578786F815" box="[680,766,1920,1946]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="2.[136,229,1869,1891]" captionTargetBox="[198,1415,494,1828]" captionTargetId="figure-151@2.[151,1436,494,1842]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="FIGURE 1. General aspect of Tovomita manauara in sicco. A. Branch with closed fruits. B. Detail of the abaxial surface of leaf blade. C. Detail showing a cross section of the closed fruit with an aborted seed. D. Gray shadows show the fruit shape and number of septa in T. caloneura (left) and T. manauara (right). A and C detail from Nee 42991 (NY01417188); B and C from Silva s/n (NY01417091). Image courtesy of the C.V. Starr Virtual Herbarium, New York Botanical Garden (http://bluegum.nybg.org/science/vh/)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6331920" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6331920/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="275">Fig. 1B</figureCitation>
), and the presence of 4-septate fruits, which are turbinate to napiform and smooth. 
<taxonomicName id="92924D38FF952B5E9BCEF872870BF831" box="[399,627,1957,1982]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Clusiaceae" genus="Tovomita" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malpighiales" pageId="5" pageNumber="275" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="manauara">
<emphasis id="67E6EAA9FF952B5E9BCEF872870BF831" box="[399,627,1957,1982]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="275">Tovomita manauara</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is sympatric and morphologically similar (leaf shape, petiole, venation 
<typeStatus id="8A298819FF952B5E9AC9F81F85C2F86D" box="[136,186,1992,2018]" pageId="5" pageNumber="275">type</typeStatus>
) to 
<taxonomicName id="92924D38FF952B5E9AA9F81E840EF86D" authorityName="A. C. Smith" authorityYear="1939" box="[232,374,1992,2018]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Clusiaceae" genus="Tovomita" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malpighiales" pageId="5" pageNumber="275" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="caloneura">
<emphasis id="67E6EAA9FF952B5E9AA9F81E840EF86D" box="[232,374,1992,2018]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="275">T. caloneura</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. However, it has 4-carpellate and turbinate fruit (vs. 5-carpellate and fusiform in 
<taxonomicName id="92924D38FF952B5E9F55F81E80DAF86D" authorityName="A. C. Smith" authorityYear="1939" box="[1300,1442,1992,2018]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Clusiaceae" genus="Tovomita" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malpighiales" pageId="5" pageNumber="275" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="caloneura">
<emphasis id="67E6EAA9FF952B5E9F55F81E80DAF86D" box="[1300,1442,1992,2018]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="275">T. caloneura</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
) (
<figureCitation id="CDA92A3EFF952B5E9AD1F83B859FF789" box="[144,231,2028,2054]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="2.[136,229,1869,1891]" captionTargetBox="[198,1415,494,1828]" captionTargetId="figure-151@2.[151,1436,494,1842]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="FIGURE 1. General aspect of Tovomita manauara in sicco. A. Branch with closed fruits. B. Detail of the abaxial surface of leaf blade. C. Detail showing a cross section of the closed fruit with an aborted seed. D. Gray shadows show the fruit shape and number of septa in T. caloneura (left) and T. manauara (right). A and C detail from Nee 42991 (NY01417188); B and C from Silva s/n (NY01417091). Image courtesy of the C.V. Starr Virtual Herbarium, New York Botanical Garden (http://bluegum.nybg.org/science/vh/)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6331920" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6331920/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="275">Fig. 1D</figureCitation>
), and the number of carpels is one of the most important characteristics for infrageneric delimitation (
<bibRefCitation id="31034B4AFF952B5E9F08F83B847FF7A5" author="Marinho, L. C. &amp; Fiaschi, P. &amp; Fernandes, M. F. &amp; Cai, L. &amp; Duan, X. &amp; Amorim, A. M. &amp; Davis, C. C." pageId="5" pageNumber="275" pagination="102 - 108" refId="ref5190" refString="Marinho, L. C., Fiaschi, P., Fernandes, M. F., Cai, L., Duan, X., Amorim, A. M. &amp; Davis, C. C. (2021) Phylogenetic relationships of Tovomita (Clusiaceae): carpel number and geographic distribution speak louder than venation pattern. Systematic Botany 46: 102 - 108. https: // doi. org / 10.1600 / 036364421 X 16128061189549" type="journal article" year="2021">
Marinho 
<emphasis id="67E6EAA9FF952B5E9AC9F7C685BBF7A5" box="[136,195,2064,2090]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="275">et al.</emphasis>
2021
</bibRefCitation>
). Turbinate fruits also occur in 
<taxonomicName id="92924D38FF952B5E9833F7C68172F7A5" authority="A. C. Smith (1940: 298)" authorityName="A. C. Smith" authorityPageNumber="298" authorityYear="1940" box="[626,1034,2064,2090]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Clusiaceae" genus="Tovomita" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malpighiales" pageId="5" pageNumber="275" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="albiflora">
<emphasis id="67E6EAA9FF952B5E9833F7C6878AF7A5" box="[626,754,2064,2090]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="275">T. albiflora</emphasis>
A.C. 
<bibRefCitation id="31034B4AFF952B5E9979F7C78172F7A5" author="Smith, A. C." box="[824,1034,2064,2090]" pageId="5" pageNumber="275" pagination="283 - 299" refId="ref5575" refString="Smith, A. C. (1940) A Collection of Flowering Plants from Mount Roraima and Adjacent Venezuela, British Guiana, and Brazil. Bulletin of the Torrey Botanical Club 67: 283 - 299. https: // doi. org / 10.2307 / 2481175" type="journal article" year="1940">Smith (1940: 298)</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
and 
<taxonomicName id="92924D38FF952B5D9E05F7C68476FF37" authority="Planchon &amp; Triana (1860: 283)" authorityName="Planchon &amp; Triana" authorityPageNumber="283" authorityYear="1860" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Clusiaceae" genus="Tovomita" kingdom="Plantae" lastPageId="6" lastPageNumber="276" order="Malpighiales" pageId="5" pageNumber="275" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="turbinata">
<emphasis id="67E6EAA9FF952B5E9E05F7C681B2F7A5" box="[1092,1226,2064,2090]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="275">T. turbinata</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="31034B4AFF952B5D9E92F7C78476FF37" author="Planchon, J. E. &amp; Triana, J. J." lastPageId="6" lastPageNumber="276" pageId="5" pageNumber="275" pagination="226 - 367" refId="ref5326" refString="Planchon, J. E. &amp; Triana, J. J. (1860) Memoire sur la Famille des Guttiferes. Annales des Sciences Naturelles, Botanique 4: 226 - 367. [Victor Massonet Fils, Paris]" type="journal article" year="1860">Planchon &amp; Triana (1860: 283)</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
, though 
<taxonomicName id="92924D38FF962B5D9B2EFF488485FF37" box="[367,509,159,184]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Clusiaceae" genus="Tovomita" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malpighiales" pageId="6" pageNumber="276" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="manauara">
<emphasis id="67E6EAA9FF962B5D9B2EFF488485FF37" box="[367,509,159,184]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="276">T. manauara</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
can be easily distinguished from these species by the number of secondary veins (&lt;15 pairs in both). Napiform to turbinate fruits (
<figureCitation id="CDA92A3EFF962B5D98D8FF158797FF53" box="[665,751,194,220]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="2.[136,229,1869,1891]" captionTargetBox="[198,1415,494,1828]" captionTargetId="figure-151@2.[151,1436,494,1842]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="FIGURE 1. General aspect of Tovomita manauara in sicco. A. Branch with closed fruits. B. Detail of the abaxial surface of leaf blade. C. Detail showing a cross section of the closed fruit with an aborted seed. D. Gray shadows show the fruit shape and number of septa in T. caloneura (left) and T. manauara (right). A and C detail from Nee 42991 (NY01417188); B and C from Silva s/n (NY01417091). Image courtesy of the C.V. Starr Virtual Herbarium, New York Botanical Garden (http://bluegum.nybg.org/science/vh/)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6331920" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6331920/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="276">Fig. 1C</figureCitation>
) also appear in 
<taxonomicName id="92924D38FF962B5D99E5FF148023FF52" authority="L. Marinho (2018: 406)" authorityName="L. Marinho" authorityPageNumber="406" authorityYear="2018" box="[932,1371,194,221]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Clusiaceae" genus="Tovomita" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malpighiales" pageId="6" pageNumber="276" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="colombiana">
<emphasis id="67E6EAA9FF962B5D99E5FF14813CFF53" box="[932,1092,194,220]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="276">T. colombiana</emphasis>
L. 
<bibRefCitation id="31034B4AFF962B5D9E2DFF158023FF52" author="Marinho, L. C." box="[1132,1371,194,221]" pageId="6" pageNumber="276" pagination="405 - 411" refId="ref4900" refString="Marinho, L. C. (2018) Two new species of Tovomita (Clusiaceae) from Amazonian forest. Brittonia 70: 405 - 411. https: // doi. org / 10.1007 / s 12228 - 018 - 9536 - 2" type="journal article" year="2018">Marinho (2018: 406)</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
, which is a species that is endemic to 
<collectingCountry id="2D85762BFF962B5D9B9BFF318730FE8F" box="[474,584,230,256]" name="Colombia" pageId="6" pageNumber="276">Colombia</collectingCountry>
and has less than 15 pairs of secondary veins (
<bibRefCitation id="31034B4AFF962B5D9E14FF318183FE8F" author="Marinho, L. C." box="[1109,1275,230,256]" pageId="6" pageNumber="276" pagination="405 - 411" refId="ref4900" refString="Marinho, L. C. (2018) Two new species of Tovomita (Clusiaceae) from Amazonian forest. Brittonia 70: 405 - 411. https: // doi. org / 10.1007 / s 12228 - 018 - 9536 - 2" type="journal article" year="2018">Marinho 2018</bibRefCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="552D36BBFF962B5D9AFCFEDD8595FC93" blockId="6.[136,1452,158,1049]" pageId="6" pageNumber="276">
<emphasis id="67E6EAA9FF962B5D9AFCFEDD844DFEAB" bold="true" box="[189,309,266,292]" pageId="6" pageNumber="276">Anatomy:</emphasis>
—In addition, anatomical characters are also important for distinguishing species (
<figureCitation id="CDA92A3EFF962B5D9EA7FEDD8056FEAB" box="[1254,1326,266,292]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="3.[136,229,1882,1904]" captionTargetBox="[202,1386,545,1857]" captionTargetId="figure-201@3.[202,1386,533,1857]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURE 2. Transversal sections of the petiole of Tovomita manauara (A–C) and T. caloneura (D–F). A. General overview of vascular system and secretory canals distribution across cortical region, black arrows showing secretory canals. B. Detail of vascular bundles; notes the absence of fibers around the vascular bundles. C. Detail of angular collenchyma (white arrow) and presence of druse. D. General overview of the vascular system and secretory canals distribution across cortical region, black arrows showing secretory canals. E. Detail of vascular bundles. F. Detail of the petiole, arrowheads showing idioblasts. co—cortex, col—collenchyma, vb—vascular bundles, ep— epidermis, xy—xylem, ph—phloem, sc—secretory canals, dr—druse." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6331924" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6331924/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="276">Fig. 2</figureCitation>
). 
<taxonomicName id="92924D38FF962B5D9F05FEDC8583FEC7" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Clusiaceae" genus="Tovomita" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malpighiales" pageId="6" pageNumber="276" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="manauara">
<emphasis id="67E6EAA9FF962B5D9F05FEDC8583FEC7" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="276">Tovomita manauara</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
has petiole with plane-convex contour and presents the vascular cylinder with units of vascular bundles in the medullary portion of the vascular tissue, which is a closed vascular system (
<figureCitation id="CDA92A3EFF962B5D9E57FE85810AFEE3" box="[1046,1138,338,364]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="3.[136,229,1882,1904]" captionTargetBox="[202,1386,545,1857]" captionTargetId="figure-201@3.[202,1386,533,1857]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURE 2. Transversal sections of the petiole of Tovomita manauara (A–C) and T. caloneura (D–F). A. General overview of vascular system and secretory canals distribution across cortical region, black arrows showing secretory canals. B. Detail of vascular bundles; notes the absence of fibers around the vascular bundles. C. Detail of angular collenchyma (white arrow) and presence of druse. D. General overview of the vascular system and secretory canals distribution across cortical region, black arrows showing secretory canals. E. Detail of vascular bundles. F. Detail of the petiole, arrowheads showing idioblasts. co—cortex, col—collenchyma, vb—vascular bundles, ep— epidermis, xy—xylem, ph—phloem, sc—secretory canals, dr—druse." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6331924" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6331924/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="276">Fig. 2A</figureCitation>
), as well as the presence of idioblasts concentrated in the cortex. The petiole has about 25/+ vascular bundles (
<figureCitation id="CDA92A3EFF962B5D9E75FEA181F3FE1F" box="[1076,1163,374,400]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="3.[136,229,1882,1904]" captionTargetBox="[202,1386,545,1857]" captionTargetId="figure-201@3.[202,1386,533,1857]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURE 2. Transversal sections of the petiole of Tovomita manauara (A–C) and T. caloneura (D–F). A. General overview of vascular system and secretory canals distribution across cortical region, black arrows showing secretory canals. B. Detail of vascular bundles; notes the absence of fibers around the vascular bundles. C. Detail of angular collenchyma (white arrow) and presence of druse. D. General overview of the vascular system and secretory canals distribution across cortical region, black arrows showing secretory canals. E. Detail of vascular bundles. F. Detail of the petiole, arrowheads showing idioblasts. co—cortex, col—collenchyma, vb—vascular bundles, ep— epidermis, xy—xylem, ph—phloem, sc—secretory canals, dr—druse." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6331924" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6331924/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="276">Fig. 2B</figureCitation>
), the secretory canals are aligned on the periphery of the epidermis, and there is the presence of druses along the parenchyma (
<figureCitation id="CDA92A3EFF962B5D9F57FE4D8017FE3B" box="[1302,1391,410,436]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="3.[136,229,1882,1904]" captionTargetBox="[202,1386,545,1857]" captionTargetId="figure-201@3.[202,1386,533,1857]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURE 2. Transversal sections of the petiole of Tovomita manauara (A–C) and T. caloneura (D–F). A. General overview of vascular system and secretory canals distribution across cortical region, black arrows showing secretory canals. B. Detail of vascular bundles; notes the absence of fibers around the vascular bundles. C. Detail of angular collenchyma (white arrow) and presence of druse. D. General overview of the vascular system and secretory canals distribution across cortical region, black arrows showing secretory canals. E. Detail of vascular bundles. F. Detail of the petiole, arrowheads showing idioblasts. co—cortex, col—collenchyma, vb—vascular bundles, ep— epidermis, xy—xylem, ph—phloem, sc—secretory canals, dr—druse." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6331924" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6331924/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="276">Fig. 2C</figureCitation>
, 
<figureCitation id="CDA92A3EFF962B5D9F3CFE4D80E6FE3B" box="[1405,1438,410,436]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="4.[136,229,1082,1104]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,190,1058]" captionTargetId="figure-19@4.[151,1436,190,1058]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURE 3. Scanning electron micrographs (SEM) from the leaf blade of Tovomita manauara (A–C) and T. caloneura (D–F). A–B. Abaxial surface view. C. Detail of a stomata. D. Abaxial surface view. E. Detail of a stomata. F. Detail of a druse on the petiole. dr—druse, st—stomata." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6331926" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6331926/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="276">3F</figureCitation>
). The midvein presents secretory canals in the medulla (
<figureCitation id="CDA92A3EFF962B5D98A9FE698622FE57" box="[744,858,446,472]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="5.[136,229,1671,1693]" captionTargetBox="[183,1404,281,1635]" captionTargetId="figure-80@5.[183,1404,281,1647]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURE 4. Transversal sections of leaf blade of Tovomita manauara (A–B) and T. caloneura (C–E). A. Transverse section with general view, black arrows point to secretory canals, black arrowheads point to fibers. B. Detail of the vascular system and secretory canals (black arrow). C. Transverse section with general view. D. Vascular bundles in the general view. E. Transversal section of the leaf blade. mv— midvein, ms—mesophyll, ct—cuticle, xy—xylem, ph—phloem, pp—palisade parenchyma, sp—spongy parenchyma, ep—epidermis, vb – vascular bundles." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6331928" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6331928/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="276">Fig. 4A,B</figureCitation>
) and there is no significant increase in the number of vascular bundles when compared to the petiole. In 
<taxonomicName id="92924D38FF962B5D988AFE348622FE73" authorityName="A. C. Smith" authorityYear="1939" box="[715,858,482,508]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Clusiaceae" genus="Tovomita" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malpighiales" pageId="6" pageNumber="276" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="caloneura">
<emphasis id="67E6EAA9FF962B5D988AFE348622FE73" box="[715,858,482,508]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="276">T. caloneura</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
the petiole has a plane-convex contour and presents the vascular cylinder with units of vascular bundles in the medullary portion of the vascular tissue, collateral bundles with a ring and an internal arch (
<figureCitation id="CDA92A3EFF962B5D9844FDFD87FBFDCA" box="[517,643,554,581]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="3.[136,229,1882,1904]" captionTargetBox="[202,1386,545,1857]" captionTargetId="figure-201@3.[202,1386,533,1857]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURE 2. Transversal sections of the petiole of Tovomita manauara (A–C) and T. caloneura (D–F). A. General overview of vascular system and secretory canals distribution across cortical region, black arrows showing secretory canals. B. Detail of vascular bundles; notes the absence of fibers around the vascular bundles. C. Detail of angular collenchyma (white arrow) and presence of druse. D. General overview of the vascular system and secretory canals distribution across cortical region, black arrows showing secretory canals. E. Detail of vascular bundles. F. Detail of the petiole, arrowheads showing idioblasts. co—cortex, col—collenchyma, vb—vascular bundles, ep— epidermis, xy—xylem, ph—phloem, sc—secretory canals, dr—druse." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6331924" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6331924/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="276">Fig. 2D, E</figureCitation>
). The idioblasts and canals are present in the subepidermal region and petiole cortex (
<figureCitation id="CDA92A3EFF962B5D9B70FD9984FFFDE7" box="[305,391,590,616]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="3.[136,229,1882,1904]" captionTargetBox="[202,1386,545,1857]" captionTargetId="figure-201@3.[202,1386,533,1857]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURE 2. Transversal sections of the petiole of Tovomita manauara (A–C) and T. caloneura (D–F). A. General overview of vascular system and secretory canals distribution across cortical region, black arrows showing secretory canals. B. Detail of vascular bundles; notes the absence of fibers around the vascular bundles. C. Detail of angular collenchyma (white arrow) and presence of druse. D. General overview of the vascular system and secretory canals distribution across cortical region, black arrows showing secretory canals. E. Detail of vascular bundles. F. Detail of the petiole, arrowheads showing idioblasts. co—cortex, col—collenchyma, vb—vascular bundles, ep— epidermis, xy—xylem, ph—phloem, sc—secretory canals, dr—druse." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6331924" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6331924/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="276">Fig. 2F</figureCitation>
). In the midvein (
<figureCitation id="CDA92A3EFF962B5D980FFD9987DEFDE7" box="[590,678,590,616]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="5.[136,229,1671,1693]" captionTargetBox="[183,1404,281,1635]" captionTargetId="figure-80@5.[183,1404,281,1647]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURE 4. Transversal sections of leaf blade of Tovomita manauara (A–B) and T. caloneura (C–E). A. Transverse section with general view, black arrows point to secretory canals, black arrowheads point to fibers. B. Detail of the vascular system and secretory canals (black arrow). C. Transverse section with general view. D. Vascular bundles in the general view. E. Transversal section of the leaf blade. mv— midvein, ms—mesophyll, ct—cuticle, xy—xylem, ph—phloem, pp—palisade parenchyma, sp—spongy parenchyma, ep—epidermis, vb – vascular bundles." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6331928" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6331928/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="276">Fig. 4C</figureCitation>
), there is a thick cuticle in the epidermis and, in the vascular system, the vascular bundles are numerous (40/+), 
<taxonomicName id="92924D38FF962B5D9832FDA58662FD03" box="[627,794,626,652]" form="collateral" pageId="6" pageNumber="276" rank="form">form collateral</taxonomicName>
bundles, and are a ring with an inferior arch, a biconvex arrangement with medullary phloem (
<figureCitation id="CDA92A3EFF962B5D9874FD4187CAFD3E" box="[565,690,662,689]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="5.[136,229,1671,1693]" captionTargetBox="[183,1404,281,1635]" captionTargetId="figure-80@5.[183,1404,281,1647]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURE 4. Transversal sections of leaf blade of Tovomita manauara (A–B) and T. caloneura (C–E). A. Transverse section with general view, black arrows point to secretory canals, black arrowheads point to fibers. B. Detail of the vascular system and secretory canals (black arrow). C. Transverse section with general view. D. Vascular bundles in the general view. E. Transversal section of the leaf blade. mv— midvein, ms—mesophyll, ct—cuticle, xy—xylem, ph—phloem, pp—palisade parenchyma, sp—spongy parenchyma, ep—epidermis, vb – vascular bundles." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6331928" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6331928/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="276">Fig. 4C, D</figureCitation>
). The idioblasts are arranged in the subepidermal, perivascular and medulla region of the vascular system. The mesophyll is homogeneous, the palisade parenchyma has three layers and the spongy parenchyma has six layers and canals arranged in the medulla, and both tissues are adorned with idioblasts (
<figureCitation id="CDA92A3EFF962B5D9AD1FCD58599FC93" box="[144,225,770,796]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="5.[136,229,1671,1693]" captionTargetBox="[183,1404,281,1635]" captionTargetId="figure-80@5.[183,1404,281,1647]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURE 4. Transversal sections of leaf blade of Tovomita manauara (A–B) and T. caloneura (C–E). A. Transverse section with general view, black arrows point to secretory canals, black arrowheads point to fibers. B. Detail of the vascular system and secretory canals (black arrow). C. Transverse section with general view. D. Vascular bundles in the general view. E. Transversal section of the leaf blade. mv— midvein, ms—mesophyll, ct—cuticle, xy—xylem, ph—phloem, pp—palisade parenchyma, sp—spongy parenchyma, ep—epidermis, vb – vascular bundles." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6331928" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6331928/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="276">Fig 4E</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="552D36BBFF962B5D9AFCFCF180E2FB97" blockId="6.[136,1452,158,1049]" pageId="6" pageNumber="276">
Externally, 
<taxonomicName id="92924D38FF962B5D9B7EFCF08759FCCF" box="[319,545,807,832]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Clusiaceae" genus="Tovomita" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malpighiales" pageId="6" pageNumber="276" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="manauara">
<emphasis id="67E6EAA9FF962B5D9B7EFCF08759FCCF" box="[319,545,807,832]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="276">Tovomita manauara</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and 
<taxonomicName id="92924D38FF962B5D9818FCF08790FCCF" authorityName="A. C. Smith" authorityYear="1939" box="[601,744,806,832]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Clusiaceae" genus="Tovomita" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malpighiales" pageId="6" pageNumber="276" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="caloneura">
<emphasis id="67E6EAA9FF962B5D9818FCF08790FCCF" box="[601,744,806,832]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="276">T. caloneura</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
share hypostomatic leaves (
<figureCitation id="CDA92A3EFF962B5D9E66FCF181D8FCCE" box="[1063,1184,806,833]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="4.[136,229,1082,1104]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,190,1058]" captionTargetId="figure-19@4.[151,1436,190,1058]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURE 3. Scanning electron micrographs (SEM) from the leaf blade of Tovomita manauara (A–C) and T. caloneura (D–F). A–B. Abaxial surface view. C. Detail of a stomata. D. Abaxial surface view. E. Detail of a stomata. F. Detail of a druse on the petiole. dr—druse, st—stomata." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6331926" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6331926/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="276">Fig. 3C, E</figureCitation>
). The abaxial surface is covered with a waxy cuticle (
<figureCitation id="CDA92A3EFF962B5D9B96FC9D872AFCEB" box="[471,594,842,868]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="4.[136,229,1082,1104]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,190,1058]" captionTargetId="figure-19@4.[151,1436,190,1058]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURE 3. Scanning electron micrographs (SEM) from the leaf blade of Tovomita manauara (A–C) and T. caloneura (D–F). A–B. Abaxial surface view. C. Detail of a stomata. D. Abaxial surface view. E. Detail of a stomata. F. Detail of a druse on the petiole. dr—druse, st—stomata." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6331926" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6331926/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="276">Fig. 3A–E</figureCitation>
). In some regions, the cuticle covers small papillae, similar to those seen in 
<taxonomicName id="92924D38FF962B5D9AC9FCB884DAFC07" authority="L. Marinho" authorityName="L. Marinho" box="[136,418,878,905]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Clusiaceae" genus="Tovomita" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malpighiales" pageId="6" pageNumber="276" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="vismiifolia">
<emphasis id="67E6EAA9FF962B5D9AC9FCB88462FC07" box="[136,282,878,904]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="276">T. vismiifolia</emphasis>
L. Marinho
</taxonomicName>
(see 
<figureCitation id="CDA92A3EFF962B5D9B9EFCB9875AFC07" box="[479,546,878,904]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="2.[136,229,1869,1891]" captionTargetBox="[198,1415,494,1828]" captionTargetId="figure-151@2.[151,1436,494,1842]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="FIGURE 1. General aspect of Tovomita manauara in sicco. A. Branch with closed fruits. B. Detail of the abaxial surface of leaf blade. C. Detail showing a cross section of the closed fruit with an aborted seed. D. Gray shadows show the fruit shape and number of septa in T. caloneura (left) and T. manauara (right). A and C detail from Nee 42991 (NY01417188); B and C from Silva s/n (NY01417091). Image courtesy of the C.V. Starr Virtual Herbarium, New York Botanical Garden (http://bluegum.nybg.org/science/vh/)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6331920" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6331920/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="276">
Fig. 
<quantity id="926A9B5EFF962B5D9855FCB9875AFC07" box="[532,546,878,904]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.54" pageId="6" pageNumber="276" unit="in" value="1.0">1</quantity>
</figureCitation>
in 
<bibRefCitation id="31034B4AFF962B5D9806FCB98642FC06" author="Marinho, L. C. &amp; Fiaschi, P. &amp; Santos, F. A. R. &amp; Amorim, A. M." box="[583,826,878,905]" pageId="6" pageNumber="276" pagination="1121 - 1134" refId="ref5111" refString="Marinho, L. C., Fiaschi, P., Santos, F. A. R. &amp; Amorim, A. M. (2016 b) Three new species of Tovomita (Clusiaceae) from the Amazon River basin and first record of papillae for Tovomita. Plant Systematics and Evolution 302: 1121 - 1134. https: // doi. org / 10.1007 / s 00606 - 016 - 1321 - 7" type="journal article" year="2016">
Marinho 
<emphasis id="67E6EAA9FF962B5D98EEFCB88790FC07" box="[687,744,878,904]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="276">et al.</emphasis>
2016b
</bibRefCitation>
), but is smaller and less evident (
<figureCitation id="CDA92A3EFF962B5D9EF2FCB98048FC06" box="[1203,1328,878,905]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="4.[136,229,1082,1104]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,190,1058]" captionTargetId="figure-19@4.[151,1436,190,1058]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURE 3. Scanning electron micrographs (SEM) from the leaf blade of Tovomita manauara (A–C) and T. caloneura (D–F). A–B. Abaxial surface view. C. Detail of a stomata. D. Abaxial surface view. E. Detail of a stomata. F. Detail of a druse on the petiole. dr—druse, st—stomata." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6331926" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6331926/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="276">Fig. 3B, D</figureCitation>
). 
<taxonomicName id="92924D38FF962B5D9F05FCB88583FC23" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Clusiaceae" genus="Tovomita" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malpighiales" pageId="6" pageNumber="276" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="manauara">
<emphasis id="67E6EAA9FF962B5D9F05FCB88583FC23" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="276">Tovomita manauara</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and 
<taxonomicName id="92924D38FF962B5D9B75FC4484BBFC23" authorityName="A. C. Smith" authorityYear="1939" box="[308,451,914,940]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Clusiaceae" genus="Tovomita" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malpighiales" pageId="6" pageNumber="276" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="caloneura">
<emphasis id="67E6EAA9FF962B5D9B75FC4484BBFC23" box="[308,451,914,940]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="276">T. caloneura</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
also share the collateral vascular bundles and consist of one ring with one inner arch, a plane-convex cross-section on the petiole, in addition to the thick cuticle on the midvein. However, they are clearly distinct when the number of vascular bundles and the presence of druses is considered, especially in the midvein, the number of idioblasts, and the diameter of secretory canals in the petiole. This information is summarized in 
<tableCitation id="18100300FF962B5D9F01FC2980ECFB97" box="[1344,1428,1022,1048]" captionStart="TABLE 1" captionStartId="6.[136,224,1096,1120]" captionTargetId="graphics-506@6.[136,1451,1223,1730]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="TABLE 1. Relevant anatomical characters of the petiole and the midvein of Tovomita manauara and T. caloneura. Element density: + (present; small amount), ++ (present, large amount), /+ (or more)." httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/01ED6633FF962B5D9AC9FB9F86CFFB0B" pageId="6" pageNumber="276" tableUuid="01ED6633FF962B5D9AC9FB9F86CFFB0B">Table 1</tableCitation>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>