259 lines
30 KiB
XML
259 lines
30 KiB
XML
<document id="83C4B071C0B25DC0633AE10EB11D36A5" ID-DOI="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.433.7379" ID-GBIF-Dataset="e7cff691-ffa3-477b-a23b-0b279388fcfa" ID-PMC="PMC4141182" ID-Pensoft-Pub="1313-2970-433-97" ID-PubMed="25152676" ID-ZooBank="24626157A0214B16A4E3EE106D10EBFF" ModsDocAuthor="" ModsDocDate="2014" ModsDocID="1313-2970-433-97" ModsDocOrigin="ZooKeys 433" ModsDocTitle="Three new cecidogenous species of Palaeomystella Fletcher (Lepidoptera, Momphidae) from the Brazilian Atlantic Rain Forest" checkinTime="1451245508481" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Luz, Fernando A., Goncalves, Gislene L., Moreira, Gilson R. P. & Becker, Vitor O." docDate="2014" docId="DD2B5D82D4C27D624CDBCB14E5BCD859" docLanguage="en" docName="ZooKeys 433: 97-127" docOrigin="ZooKeys 433" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.433.7379" docTitle="Palaeomystella fernandesi Moreira & Becker, sp. n." docType="treatment" docUuid="F2B43BAC-11CB-4374-B6C4-17E8CB82C8DC" docUuidSource="ZooBank" docVersion="5" lastPageNumber="104" masterDocId="F560334AFFB4470AB0700008FF9EFFFE" masterDocTitle="Three new cecidogenous species of Palaeomystella Fletcher (Lepidoptera, Momphidae) from the Brazilian Atlantic Rain Forest" masterLastPageNumber="127" masterPageNumber="97" pageNumber="100" updateTime="1701316286016" updateUser="plazi">
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<mods:title id="B5A4A320BCD0B0659998AB6E9E9FAB28">Three new cecidogenous species of Palaeomystella Fletcher (Lepidoptera, Momphidae) from the Brazilian Atlantic Rain Forest</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="06857BE3E9BBC48852886D7F0FD0F040">Luz, Fernando A.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="D93EC6C423D5F4DCBD9E9651C2A6C44A">Goncalves, Gislene L.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="9D3CF2D5E7A2DB507C4184E130254562">Moreira, Gilson R. P.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="A05524FF6D72A688C76B4DA8112260D5">Becker, Vitor O.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:typeOfResource id="2094A00EE6A90B8E1049EA704D9CA347">text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:date id="8B9F12C244BDFB21F840B9034A4CFC9E">2014</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="4C563C4A967649971CE98AA7BFC909B4">433</mods:number>
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<mods:url id="A69AB0A9990B403AD0A7711AF260CEB0">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.433.7379</mods:url>
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<mods:classification id="6FDBBCA461C9FB320D8C48BD31653BE7">journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier id="F051D4596F9BED444F85A2331E5AD35C" type="DOI">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.433.7379</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="F35ED9F290D720FE2F2F23917D9CA1F2" type="Pensoft-Pub">1313-2970-433-97</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="BED23F2D449AE9F28E1FD413F305E60B" type="ZooBank">24626157A0214B16A4E3EE106D10EBFF</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="DD2B5D82D4C27D624CDBCB14E5BCD859" ID-GBIF-Taxon="152054947" LSID="urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:F2B43BAC-11CB-4374-B6C4-17E8CB82C8DC" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/DD2B5D82D4C27D624CDBCB14E5BCD859" lastPageId="7" lastPageNumber="104" pageId="3" pageNumber="100">
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<subSubSection id="46B2B62EE5BB45385F1A0B111594FBF4" pageId="3" pageNumber="100" type="multiple">
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<paragraph id="9485A1345AE604BFF95CE9E0A09D889D" pageId="3" pageNumber="100">Taxon classification Animalia Lepidoptera Momphidae</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="B00F3CFE89D13B15E0B245580911DA0E" pageId="3" pageNumber="100" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="2E8E1EF9011BA60EBB8BB381CF940243" pageId="3" pageNumber="100">
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<taxonomicName id="43EDD830859DAA866EB73EFF1DFA1ABA" LSID="http://zoobank.org/F2B43BAC-11CB-4374-B6C4-17E8CB82C8DC" authority="Moreira & Becker" class="Insecta" family="Elachistidae" genus="Palaeomystella" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Palaeomystella fernandesi" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="100" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="fernandesi">Palaeomystella fernandesi Moreira & Becker</taxonomicName>
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<taxonomicNameLabel id="954AB8BB1833AE8E316A4D264EC3B617" pageId="3" pageNumber="100">sp. n.</taxonomicNameLabel>
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Figs 1
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<normalizedToken id="556E39E2BF40230E76C6AC5C8268DEC2" originalValue="A–B">A-B</normalizedToken>
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, 2-4, 11
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<normalizedToken id="FBB9BD9E63E563516520CD99FA48DD35" originalValue="A–C">A-C</normalizedToken>
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, 12
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<normalizedToken id="A5917A40CC2161FD6D74C5E8061493E8" originalValue="A–C">A-C</normalizedToken>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="BBFA27FD4F4E48F1EBDD52735FAAD110" pageId="3" pageNumber="100" type="diagnosis">
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<paragraph id="785DCC7969A19AC041B9C4CBD801F78E" pageId="3" pageNumber="100">Diagnosis.</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="7C5B56AE89C9C741A07B2D51AFE5AA38" pageId="3" pageNumber="100">
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Although showing congeneric affinity,
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<taxonomicName id="8F3DCDC9CD1F560BB59292279B31224C" class="Insecta" family="Elachistidae" genus="Palaeomystella" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Palaeomystella fernandesi" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="100" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="fernandesi">Palaeomystella fernandesi</taxonomicName>
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has morphological features that in conjunction distinguish it from all known
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<taxonomicName id="F461911C4B1EE8B5BCCDC72A7240C133" class="Insecta" family="Elachistidae" genus="Palaeomystella" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Palaeomystella" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="100" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Palaeomystella</taxonomicName>
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species, as follows: 1) male genitalia with upper section of valve narrowing distally, forming a single process that bends medially; 2) pupa with cremaster short and apically rounded, with four pairs of setae; 3) galls of fusiform type, external surface without conspicuous ornament, bearing a few longitudinal carinae, induced on stem of
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<taxonomicName id="1E99D75FF8B8F7927DF6A302891ED5B1" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Melastomataceae" genus="Tibouchina" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Tibouchina sellowiana" order="Myrtales" pageId="3" pageNumber="100" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="sellowiana">Tibouchina sellowiana</taxonomicName>
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apical branches.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="4549C8CC54AA828F2EA9D5817A34439E" pageId="4" pageNumber="101" type="description">
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<paragraph id="B030910901BAE315AD565C5D295CDB41" pageId="4" pageNumber="101">
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<pageBreakToken id="CEEA05EAB3E92C0CCA7BD33B04776D34" pageId="4" pageNumber="101" start="start">Description</pageBreakToken>
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.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="7122C00815A3C4EC95161C0BC66EE7E1" pageId="4" pageNumber="101">
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Adult (Figs 1
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<normalizedToken id="DA1639BDBBD37BFB1CEEF4057EDEB62B" originalValue="A–B">A-B</normalizedToken>
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). Sexes similar in size and color; Forewing length 4.68 to 6.11 mm (n = 7). Head (Fig. 1B): Frons and vertex creamy white; labial palpus mostly dark brown, basal segments angled laterally, terminal segment slightly angled upward; antennae dark brown; proboscis yellowish brown. Thorax: Tegula and mesonotum whitish creamy white with pale-brown scales; legs dark brown. Forewing (Figs 1A, 2A): lanceolate, with 13 veins; L/W index ~ 5.1; dorsally covered mostly by dark-brown scales; with three interconnected white areas that form a longitudinal S-like band; one proximal, rounded, in the anal area, made of pale-creamy white scales, followed by a short stripe aligned in the cubital area, made of creamy white scales, and a third, also rounded and faint, in the cell, made of pale-creamy white scales; a tenuous, U-shaped band of pale-gray scales following the contours of the tornus; three raised tufts of pale-gray scales, located posteriorly to cubitus, in anal area, in line with mid-cell, and near tornal area respectively; fringes dark brown; ventrally mostly covered by dark-brown scales; retinaculum subcostal; discal cell closed, ~ 0.8
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<normalizedToken id="4B7DD20F915DF975D9A5D5BC4992FF77" originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
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length of forewing, ending near 1/5 of wing margin; Sc ending ca. middle of anterior margin; R 5-branched; R1 ending near 1/3 of wing margin; R4 and R5 stalked ca. 1/2 distance from the cell apex; M 3-branched; CuA 2-branched; CuP weak proximally and not stalked, with well-developed 1A+2A extending more than 1/2 posterior margin. Hindwing (Figs 1A, 2A): strongly lanceolate, with nine veins; L/W index ~ 7.2, ~ 0.8 forewing in length; scales dark brown on both sides; fringes dark brown; frenulum a single acanthus in male, with two distally directed acanthi in female; Sc+R1 ending ca. 1/2 anterior margin; Rs ending ca. 1/5 anterior margin; M 3-branched, M1 and M2 stalked from remnant chorda of cell, from point beyond base of Rs; CuA 2-branched, with CuA1 stalked to M3; CuP weakly sclerotized, ending 1/3 posterior margin; 1A+2A well developed, ending near basis of posterior margin. Abdomen (not illustrated): pale brown, intermixed with gray scales, with transverse irregular rows of spiniform setae on terga 2-7 in both sexes; eighth sternum (Fig. 2C) anteriorly expanded medially into a short lobe, associated with a subtriangular sternite.
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</paragraph>
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<caption id="B47BC22589D82CE0DF451CBD41A80B90" pageId="4" pageNumber="101">
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<paragraph id="7D300C6CF00D1303701D8F49F6F8820E" pageId="4" pageNumber="101">
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Figure 1. Spread right wings (left column), head and thorax in detail (right column) of pinned
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<taxonomicName id="8E5FB882CF6430AD97B421067DF766E2" class="Insecta" family="Elachistidae" genus="Palaeomystella" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Palaeomystella" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="101" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Palaeomystella</taxonomicName>
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species, dorsal view:
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<normalizedToken id="1BD875333882637754C4B913EED9D738" originalValue="A–B">A-B</normalizedToken>
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<taxonomicName id="97107B6A8D9492D31A5F5E5D03E08D1A" class="Insecta" family="Elachistidae" genus="Palaeomystella" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Palaeomystella fernandesi" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="101" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="fernandesi">Palaeomystella fernandesi</taxonomicName>
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<normalizedToken id="700FB0423C0ABE669D704CBF446B352F" originalValue="C–D">C-D</normalizedToken>
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<taxonomicName id="C8EDAA3F96D43F80A82427C765CE0FAA" class="Insecta" family="Elachistidae" genus="Palaeomystella" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Palaeomystella rosaemariae" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="101" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="rosaemariae">Palaeomystella rosaemariae</taxonomicName>
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<normalizedToken id="202C89F8C4EA533753510F902FBED21A" originalValue="E–F">E-F</normalizedToken>
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<taxonomicName id="CDB01EBC9BC1645C5561AD2AAB7EF962" class="Insecta" family="Elachistidae" genus="Palaeomystella" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Palaeomystella tavaresi" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="101" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="tavaresi">Palaeomystella tavaresi</taxonomicName>
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. Scale bars = 2, 0.5, 2, 0.5, 2 and 0.5 mm, respectively.
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</paragraph>
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</caption>
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<caption id="303E98A64A307B4AC9A82C7FE77C1173" pageId="4" pageNumber="101">
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<paragraph id="8E8378F525F7121D19C9F0D0C1C6198C" pageId="4" pageNumber="101">
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Figure 2.
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<taxonomicName id="28F3F3EA66AD225A82194E9231E20A8B" class="Insecta" family="Elachistidae" genus="Palaeomystella" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Palaeomystella fernandesi" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="101" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="fernandesi">Palaeomystella fernandesi</taxonomicName>
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adult morphology: A wings B male valva, mesolateral view C male eighth sternum, ventral view D juxta, ventral E ventral spines of the valva upper section in detail (rectangular area shown in B), mesolateral view F male genitalia, lateral view G aedeagus, lateral view (asterisk indicates attached juxta-lobes) H male genitalia, ventral view (transtilla, aedeagus and juxta not illustrated) I female genitalia, ventral view (corpus bursae not illutrated) J female genitalia, lateral view. Scale bars = 1 mm; 200, 200, 100, 50, 200, 200, 200 and 250µm; 0.5 mm, respectively.
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</paragraph>
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</caption>
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<paragraph id="A4CB16DFFF58261375E69A422D6C1CBF" pageId="4" pageNumber="101">
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Male genitalia (Figs 2B,
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<normalizedToken id="76B106AF63A14EEE26EAD61B7A7686C6" originalValue="D–H">D-H</normalizedToken>
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). Uncus narrow, separated from tegumen by a narrow membranous area, distally roof like and laterally setose (Figs 2F, H); tegumen narrow; vinculum widened ventrally; transtilla a flat, rounded fig; aedeagus cylindrical, moderately long, slightly wider basally (Fig. 2G); vesica bearing a few short stout cornuti; juxta (Fig. 2D) attached to distal portion of aedeagus (Fig. 2G), longer than wide, with two small, parallel pointed projections mid-anteriorly and deeply concave distally; valva (Figs 2B, F, H) covered with several long setae, divided near 1/3 from the basis, with a long, finger-like sacculus and a wide spatulate costa, bearing a thin ventral finger-like projection near apex, and several stout, medium-sized spines meso-ventrally (Fig. 2E).
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="16003F01351656D5B92056685016A8C1" pageId="4" pageNumber="101">
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Female genitalia (Figs 2
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<normalizedToken id="A218EACA1F883365E1E30BBEF8D3DAAB" originalValue="I–J">I-J</normalizedToken>
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). Papillae anales connected dorsally, narrowed distally, setose; anterior apophyses with arms slightly curved, similar in length to posterior apophyses; sterigma divided into a bandlike tergum and a distally bilobed sternum, shallowly and widely emarginate medially; ostium bursae small, wider than long; ductus bursae membranous, shorter than corpus bursae; ductus seminalis inserted distally; corpus bursae an elongate sac, with no sclerotizations on inner wall.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="A5E2DDD269B4C3AC793A15E1C2162DDE" pageId="5" pageNumber="102" type="type material">
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<paragraph id="6B77A87FFF3A2B349A3BCF82E2140B1A" pageId="5" pageNumber="102">
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<pageBreakToken id="4A858F107970C6C8AD04A0147780B7BF" pageId="5" pageNumber="102" start="start">Type</pageBreakToken>
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material.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="EE52186B424F73BB43CB37987265888D" pageId="5" pageNumber="102">
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Holotype ♂ Brazil: Centro de Pesquisas e
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<normalizedToken id="2302F944F1F3F85FA97B40F8A2B4676A" originalValue="Conservação">Conservacao</normalizedToken>
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da Natureza
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<normalizedToken id="7021411C9E56D4A9F9294F24341052DA" originalValue="Pró-Mata">Pro-Mata</normalizedToken>
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(CPCN
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<normalizedToken id="A4D2D6920C53DC59CA730E7719E0ACAD" originalValue="Pró-Mata">Pro-Mata</normalizedToken>
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;
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<geoCoordinate id="9E5BED6C4EBD7F35467981D879276046" direction="south" orientation="latitude" precision="15" value="-29.487778">29°29'16"S</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate id="E6A89D6FB29ED6FB1993FECCE188D45C" direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="15" value="-50.183334">50°10'60"W</geoCoordinate>
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; 925 m),
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<normalizedToken id="4F72953788BEE1189EF8DB63B080BCA9" originalValue="São">Sao</normalizedToken>
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Francisco de Paula, RS, Brazil. Dry preserved pinned adults, reared from galls induced on
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<taxonomicName id="A13B331F5E61DCF3C31CC2AEE8C95BBF" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Melastomataceae" genus="Tibouchina" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Tibouchina sellowiana" order="Myrtales" pageId="5" pageNumber="102" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="sellowiana">Tibouchina sellowiana</taxonomicName>
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(Cham.) Cogn. (
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<taxonomicName id="A50688277A006408D9DFB0A4ADFEBD50" genus="Melastomataceae" lsidName="Melastomataceae" pageId="5" pageNumber="102" rank="genus">Melastomataceae</taxonomicName>
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), LMCI 210-56, 7-9.III.2013, by G.R.P. Moreira, F.A. Luz and L.T. Pereira, donated to DZUP (29.409). Paratypes: same data, 26.III.2012, by G.R.P. Moreira, F.A. Luz and P. Pollo; 2♀ (LMCI 174-161 and 162), donated to DZUP (29.410 and 29.411); 1♂ (LMCI 174-157) with genitalia in glycerin (GRPM 50-51) and 1♀ (LMCI 174-158), donated to MCTP (36.225 and 36.226, respectively).
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="DE5AD12142BAC726DD71343499E1B3BB" pageId="5" pageNumber="102" type="other specimens examined">
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<paragraph id="96E4223E89C5ACDF38F8DF65D97EBA82" pageId="5" pageNumber="102">Other specimens examined.</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="1E196BF7974F66D8260E4D1C73D9A9AB" pageId="5" pageNumber="102">
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With the same collection data, deposited in LMCI. Adults, dried and pinned: 2♂ (LMCI 174-159 and 210-49), 1♀ (LMCI 174-160), 1♀ (LMCI 174-163) with genitalia in glycerin (GRPM 50-52). Adults, fixed in
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<normalizedToken id="1AB0D31A18FE94B15458985026E947EB" originalValue="Kahle-Dietrich’s">Kahle-Dietrich's</normalizedToken>
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fluid and preserved in 70% EtOH: 1♂ (LMCI 174-165), 3♀ (LMCI 174-164, 166 and 167). Slide preparations, mounted in Canada balsam: genitalia, 3♂ (GRPM 50-29, 47 and 48), 1♀ (GRPM 50-28); wings, 2 ♂ (GRPM 50-45 and 50), 1♀ (GRPM 50-46); larvae, 2 last instars (GRPM 50-49). Immature stages, fixed in
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<normalizedToken id="F7A340404F075E9A7E22611936031729" originalValue="Kahle-Dietrich’s">Kahle-Dietrich's</normalizedToken>
|
||
fluid and preserved in 70% EtOH: 8 last-instar larvae (LCMI 174-52); 7 pupae (LMCI 174-168, 169 and 223; and 210-16); 10 galls (LMCI 174-47 to 49, 174-217 to 222, and 210-15). In tissue collection, 9 larvae (LMCI 174-50 and 56) fixed and preserved in 100% EtOH, at -20°C.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="D1E0C4D36F9E999060ABE9B773EBBEF3" lastPageId="6" lastPageNumber="103" pageId="5" pageNumber="102" type="immature stages">
|
||
<paragraph id="EAF4000BE326AA3FE13F4EF4C8119B96" pageId="5" pageNumber="102">Immature stages.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="61F96DFE0E929FCA91FEB0331BF183AA" lastPageId="6" lastPageNumber="103" pageId="5" pageNumber="102">
|
||
Last instar larva (Figs 3
|
||
<normalizedToken id="0DBDC4537A9B3AD95088EF0CDB76C4FE" originalValue="A–D">A-D</normalizedToken>
|
||
), 3.51 to 7.01 mm (n = 6). Cecidogenous, endophyllous, semiprognathous, and tissue-feeder. Body with setae well developed.
|
||
<pageBreakToken id="8241E37B2FC163C23464140431CC6C13" pageId="6" pageNumber="103" start="start">Head</pageBreakToken>
|
||
(Figs 3A,
|
||
<normalizedToken id="D49D2173633D2A48775C8A86C8F8390D" originalValue="C–D">C-D</normalizedToken>
|
||
): brown, with two paler mid-dorsal areas; smooth, with shallow ridges; labrum shallowly notched; frons higher than wide, extending ca. 3/4 epicranial notch; six stemmata arranged in C-shape. Chaetotaxy (Fig. 3A): A-group trisetose; L-group unisetose; P-group bisetose; MD trisetose; C-group bisetose; F-group unisetose; AF-group bisetose; S-group trisetose; SS-group trisetose. A1, A3, P1 and S2 about equal in length, longest setae on head; C1, C2, F1, A2, AF2, L1 intermediate in length; AF1 shorter; MD1-3 very reduced and aligned with each other. Antenna two-segmented. Mandibles broad with four teeth, and one seta on outer surface; labium broad, with two-segmented palpus and spinneret parallel-sided; maxilla prominent. Thorax and abdomen (Figs 3
|
||
<normalizedToken id="309914B67218B03E8C175F5CA4310857" originalValue="B–D">B-D</normalizedToken>
|
||
): Prothoracic shield light brown, divided longitudinally by indistinctly marked, unpigmented area; anal fig brown. Thoracic legs slightly pigmented. Prolegs on A3-A6 and A10 of equal size; crochets in a circle, uniserial and uniordinal. Thorax chaetotaxy: T1 with D-group bisetose, both located on the dorsal shield, D1 shorter than D2; XD-group bisetose, setae similar in length and both on the dorsal shield; SD bisetose, laterally on the dorsal shield; L-group bisetose, L1 longer than L2; SV-group bisetose, posteroventral to L2, SV1 slightly longer than SV2; V-group unisetose. T2 and T3 with D- and SD-groups bisetose, median-transversely aligned; D2 and SD1 similar in length, and longer than D1 and SD2 respectively; L trisetose, L3 posterior to L1-L2, similar in length to L1; SV unisetose; V unisetose. Abdomen chaetotaxy: D-group bisetose; A1-9 with D2 slightly longer than D1, and A10 with D1 longer than D2; SD-group bisetose, A1-7 with SD1 slightly longer than SD2 and A10 with SD2 longer than SD1, SD2 absent in A9; A1-8 with L-group bisetose, L1 longer than L2, L2 absent in A9; A1-8 with SV-group bisetose, SV1 slightly shorter than SV2, SV1 absent in A9; V-group unisetose.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption id="FF4B64DDF4B99086EBED58148050A402" pageId="6" pageNumber="103">
|
||
<paragraph id="A1F611FAA98A396C22FD3C6219D3270D" pageId="6" pageNumber="103">
|
||
Figure 3.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="E25E2FEDEA295A04BEFCF2D32207E4DE" class="Insecta" family="Elachistidae" genus="Palaeomystella" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Palaeomystella fernandesi" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="103" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="fernandesi">Palaeomystella fernandesi</taxonomicName>
|
||
last larval instar: A cephalic chaetotaxy, frontal view B thoracic and abdominal chaetotaxy, lateral view C head and prothoracic shield in detail, dorsal view D body, lateral view. Scale bars = 50
|
||
<normalizedToken id="20E6132854858FEDFE35EF53D17B15C9" originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
|
||
, 1 mm, respectively.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph id="037A6DA8BD3BD96DD8AFF01057228B71" pageId="6" pageNumber="103">
|
||
Pupa (Figs 4
|
||
<normalizedToken id="84830DEA0C831178655A19AF3E9426DB" originalValue="A–C">A-C</normalizedToken>
|
||
, 11
|
||
<normalizedToken id="CBB45D833ADE207AE322CC522E2F573F" originalValue="A–C">A-C</normalizedToken>
|
||
), 4.42 to 6.11 mm long (n = 5). Body elongate-oval in dorsal and ventral views, widest and dorsally raised in mesothoracic region. Integument weakly melanized, mostly smooth, with a few scattered microsetae dorsally. Frontoclypeal suture not evident. Labrum U-shaped. Labial palpi long; antennae arched anteriorly and separate, approximate and parallel posteriorly to distal margins of maxillae, surpassing apical margin of forewings; maxillae extending distally between sclerites of mid-legs; femora of midleg not fused distally; femora of foreleg extending beyond widest part of labial palpi. Cremaster (Figs 11
|
||
<normalizedToken id="26FB196BB3977AB00AD25CB35A305090" originalValue="A–C">A-C</normalizedToken>
|
||
) short and apically rounded, with four pairs of setae; one latero-basally, another latero-dorsally and two latero-distally.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption id="8568C0663CDB4EC06DB8FAC2737BA0E9" pageId="6" pageNumber="103">
|
||
<paragraph id="036A74EA324AF38FC053B6176C94F9F5" pageId="6" pageNumber="103">
|
||
Figure 4.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="D29E5293499B71725A4624A5D4A5D9CD" class="Insecta" family="Elachistidae" genus="Palaeomystella" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Palaeomystella fernandesi" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="103" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="fernandesi">Palaeomystella fernandesi</taxonomicName>
|
||
pupa, in dorsal (A), ventral (B) and lateral (C) views, respectively. Scale bar = 1 mm.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="F664ED46C24F77B2E7FEE09BE38B48C5" pageId="6" pageNumber="103" type="distribution">
|
||
<paragraph id="3F7B832CC1EB460260ED064BEC3A6E6C" pageId="6" pageNumber="103">Distribution.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="AAD2033EAD749948320B0DFE4398FC48" pageId="6" pageNumber="103">
|
||
Known only from the type locality, in the Dense Umbrophilous Forest (= Brazilian Atlantic Rain Forest sensu stricto) portions of the CPCN
|
||
<normalizedToken id="ACBC0F358B402841093F6600BB0B4B40" originalValue="Pró-Mata">Pro-Mata</normalizedToken>
|
||
,
|
||
<normalizedToken id="97E1325DF21AA9874EB177B807C05DD2" originalValue="São">Sao</normalizedToken>
|
||
Francisco de Paula, RS, Brazil.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="550B19B02EF3A7855F9D122ADDD5F61D" pageId="6" pageNumber="103" type="host plant">
|
||
<paragraph id="97B45F26CBD917C9D3233EF1272B64D3" pageId="6" pageNumber="103">Host Plant.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="253407C1316823394A7D67F9DD21C0E3" pageId="6" pageNumber="103">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="3869AF029C034C339D4B0194ED352166" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Melastomataceae" genus="Tibouchina" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Tibouchina sellowiana" order="Myrtales" pageId="6" pageNumber="103" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="sellowiana">Tibouchina sellowiana</taxonomicName>
|
||
(Cham.) Cogn. (
|
||
<taxonomicName id="2D001D7CFE78587B4D73FA469E037CA9" genus="Melastomataceae" lsidName="Melastomataceae" pageId="6" pageNumber="103" rank="genus">Melastomataceae</taxonomicName>
|
||
). A small tree (3 to 6 m), endemic to the coastal montane forests of southern Brazil, ranging from Minas Gerais to Rio Grande do Sul, usually flowering in
|
||
<normalizedToken id="CA44D8E85A2C6AEEBF03D7916B4C40A2" originalValue="April–May">April-May</normalizedToken>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="15792560CE417B8397EA318F87DA8765" author="Souza, MLR" journalOrPublisher="Insula, Florianopolis" pageId="25" pageNumber="122" pagination="3 - 109" title="Estudo taxonomico do genero Tibouchina Aubl. (Melastomataceae) no Rio Grande do Sul - Brasil." volume="16" year="1986">Souza 1986</bibRefCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="23E8F2D499B1DDC47AAB891721C6FF7B" author="Guimaraes, PJF" journalOrPublisher="Jardim Botanico do Rio de Janeiro" pageId="24" pageNumber="121" title="Lista de Especies da Flora do Brasil" url="http://floradobrasil.jbrj.gov.br/jabot/floradobrasil/FB9876" year="2014">
|
||
<normalizedToken id="E7BEA1DA8D4E2BE15CE9D3B9B48BD33D" originalValue="Guimarães">Guimaraes</normalizedToken>
|
||
2014
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="FA606D2DCD1BEE2D64D9CD28E8136F53" lastPageId="7" lastPageNumber="104" pageId="6" pageNumber="103" type="life history">
|
||
<paragraph id="381D85EB4BED2AA18627F17D6140B6C1" pageId="6" pageNumber="103">Life history</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="D8579297C2B94C94F2645F638662E68A" lastPageId="7" lastPageNumber="104" pageId="6" pageNumber="103">
|
||
(Figs 12
|
||
<normalizedToken id="9EEE227E982145D8A579626C858EF053" originalValue="A–C">A-C</normalizedToken>
|
||
). Galls induced by
|
||
<taxonomicName id="37D30E6DD73B06AE0E45523254023B76" class="Insecta" family="Elachistidae" genus="Palaeomystella" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Palaeomystella fernandesi" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="104" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="fernandesi">
|
||
<pageBreakToken id="D61F60DF9B4DC08BFA5C7F18887045F8" pageId="7" pageNumber="104" start="start">Palaeomystella</pageBreakToken>
|
||
fernandesi
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
are common on
|
||
<taxonomicName id="278A85E8E7CDFD8FF1498534D47F8B69" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Melastomataceae" genus="Tibouchina" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Tibouchina sellowiana" order="Myrtales" pageId="7" pageNumber="104" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="sellowiana">Tibouchina sellowiana</taxonomicName>
|
||
at the type locality, during spring (October) and summer (February). They are prosoplasmatic histioid (
|
||
<normalizedToken id="F4B9B784AF07006910E10BD5476B5D3C" originalValue="Küster">Kuester</normalizedToken>
|
||
, in
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="0CCAB538847F5BC9CE1CE30D03C12DD7" author="Meyer, J" journalOrPublisher="Gebrueder Borntraeger, Stuttgart" pageId="25" pageNumber="122" title="Plant galls and gall inducers." year="1987">Meyer 1987</bibRefCitation>
|
||
); fusiform, 6.0 to 18 mm long (n = 12); induced on stem apex (Fig. 12A); without conspicuous projections, bearing a few longitudinal carinae on surface and changing gradually from green to violet as ages; fleshy, without uniformly defined internal chamber; unilocular, unilarval. Most of them house a specialized kleptoparasitic gelechiid moth, whose complex natural history is described in detail elsewhere (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="C559652B41DB57ED2FEA6E59E133676D" pageId="7" pageNumber="104">Luz et al. 2014</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). Those that are free from the kleptoparasite fall to the ground in late larval ontogeny and larva complete development on the ground. Pupation occurs inside the gall, within a cylindrical, longitudinally arranged cocoon made of woven white silk (Fig. 12C). The adult emerges presumably after the winter (September), through a circular operculum (with plant epidermis and penellipse white silk frill) on upper half of gall wall (Fig. 12B) constructed by the last instar larva prior to its pupation.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="718546A069D54364EF988B14DD5AE666" pageId="7" pageNumber="104" type="etymology">
|
||
<paragraph id="793716992C92196BDCD89EF1BAD5569C" pageId="7" pageNumber="104">Etymology.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="6C6562B8EE1D204DF7607E1FC669A5A6" pageId="7" pageNumber="104">
|
||
Named in honor of Prof. Dr. Geraldo Wilson Fernandes, Departamento de Biologia Geral, Instituto de
|
||
<normalizedToken id="A77B16EE72035F7F6D4D5B4CE776E20D" originalValue="Ciências">Ciencias</normalizedToken>
|
||
<normalizedToken id="FEE57FDB34951892090854E7A2F9D748" originalValue="Biológicas">Biologicas</normalizedToken>
|
||
, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, for his great contributions to the development of cecidology in the Neotropics.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |