196 lines
13 KiB
XML
196 lines
13 KiB
XML
<document ID-DOI="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.553.5999" ID-GBIF-Dataset="584f98ce-1ff8-431a-9e55-2817882b581a" ID-PMC="PMC4740978" ID-Pensoft-Pub="1313-2970-553-1" ID-PubMed="26877669" ID-ZBK="C90A2838215146A19C9433C5B6389089" ModsDocAuthor="" ModsDocDate="2016" ModsDocID="1313-2970-553-1" ModsDocOrigin="ZooKeys 553" ModsDocTitle="A new species of Agelas from the Zanzibar Archipelago, western Indian Ocean (Porifera, Demospongiae)" checkinTime="1452869499904" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Manconi, Renata, Pronzato, Roberto & Perino, Erica" docDate="2016" docId="DC29D922083311AAFB663CC8D703E307" docLanguage="en" docName="ZooKeys 553: 1-31" docOrigin="ZooKeys 553" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.553.5999" docTitle="Agelas sansibarica Perino & Pronzato, sp. n." docType="treatment" docUuid="7F8E3929-DD8D-4991-A8E0-C391C89AC1D0" docUuidSource="ZooBank" docVersion="5" lastPageNumber="4" masterDocId="FFE2FF9E414BFFD99F3CFFFDFFCEAA1D" masterDocTitle="A new species of Agelas from the Zanzibar Archipelago, western Indian Ocean (Porifera, Demospongiae)" masterLastPageNumber="31" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="3" updateTime="1668162465658" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:mods xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>A new species of Agelas from the Zanzibar Archipelago, western Indian Ocean (Porifera, Demospongiae)</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Manconi, Renata</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Pronzato, Roberto</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Perino, Erica</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:typeOfResource>text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:relatedItem type="host">
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>ZooKeys</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:part>
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<mods:date>2016</mods:date>
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<mods:detail type="volume">
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<mods:number>553</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:extent unit="page">
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<mods:start>1</mods:start>
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<mods:end>31</mods:end>
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</mods:extent>
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</mods:part>
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</mods:relatedItem>
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<mods:location>
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<mods:url>http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.553.5999</mods:url>
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</mods:location>
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<mods:classification>journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier type="DOI">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.553.5999</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="Pensoft-Pub">1313-2970-553-1</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="ZBK">C90A2838215146A19C9433C5B6389089</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="ZooBank">C90A2838215146A19C9433C5B6389089</mods:identifier>
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</mods:mods>
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<treatment ID-GBIF-Taxon="127878774" LSID="urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:7F8E3929-DD8D-4991-A8E0-C391C89AC1D0" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/DC29D922083311AAFB663CC8D703E307" lastPageId="3" lastPageNumber="4" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">
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<subSubSection pageId="2" pageNumber="3" type="multiple">
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<paragraph pageId="2" pageNumber="3">Taxon classification Animalia Agelasida Agelasidae</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="2" pageNumber="3" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph pageId="2" pageNumber="3">
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<taxonomicName LSID="http://zoobank.org/7F8E3929-DD8D-4991-A8E0-C391C89AC1D0" authority="Perino & Pronzato" class="Demospongiae" family="Agelasidae" genus="Agelas" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Agelas sansibarica" order="Agelasida" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="sansibarica">Agelas sansibarica Perino & Pronzato</taxonomicName>
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<taxonomicNameLabel pageId="2" pageNumber="3">sp. n.</taxonomicNameLabel>
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Figs 1, 2, 3, 4, 5
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="2" pageNumber="3" type="materials_examined">
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<paragraph pageId="2" pageNumber="3">Material examined.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="2" pageNumber="3">
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Holotype: MSNG 57991 (A30), 70% ethanol, Jambiani (
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<geoCoordinate direction="south" orientation="latitude" precision="1" value="-6.3124447">06°18'44.8"S</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="15" value="39.558887">39°33'32"E</geoCoordinate>
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), eastern coast of Unguja Island, Zanzibar Archipelago, United Republic of Tanzania, SCUBA diving, 4.vii.2010, leg. Mr. Okala. Paratypes: MSNG 57992, MSNG 57993, MSNG 57994, MSNG 57995, MSNG 57996 (A12, A26, A27, A28, A29, respectively) ibid.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="2" pageNumber="3" type="diagnosis">
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<paragraph pageId="2" pageNumber="3">Diagnosis.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="2" pageNumber="3">
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<taxonomicName class="Demospongiae" family="Agelasidae" genus="Agelas" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Agelas" order="Agelasida" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" phylum="Porifera" rank="genus">Agelas</taxonomicName>
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with unique spicular complement composed of three spicular categories, oxeas, styles and strongyles with spines arranged in a variable number of verticilles.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="2" pageNumber="3" type="etymology">
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<paragraph pageId="2" pageNumber="3">Etymology.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="2" pageNumber="3">The speciphic epithet refers to the Zanzibar Archipelago.</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="2" pageNumber="3" type="habitat">
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<paragraph pageId="2" pageNumber="3">Habitat.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="2" pageNumber="3">
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Coral reef, quite common at 7-12 m of depth. Water temperature 28-31 °C. Salinity 20-36‰ (
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<bibRefCitation author="Fryday, S" journalOrPublisher="Marine Ecology" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" title="ISP Collection" url="http://digitalcollections.sit.edu/isp_collection/1194" year="2011">Fryday 2011</bibRefCitation>
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). As reported by the Swiss Marine NGO manager of the local sponge farming facility (Jambiani Lagoon) the new species is massively farmed (Christian Vaterlaus, pers. comm., 2010).
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="2" pageNumber="3" type="geographic distribution">
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<paragraph pageId="2" pageNumber="3">Geographic distribution.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="2" pageNumber="3">Western Indian Ocean, but only recorded from the type locality to date.</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection lastPageId="3" lastPageNumber="4" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" type="description">
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<paragraph pageId="2" pageNumber="3">Description.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="2" pageNumber="3">
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Growth form massive, thick, rounded, 6-10 cm in diameter. Colour in life purple to orange and light brown. Consistency firm and elastic. Surface rough to the touch, finely hispid, finely conulose for tips of ascending fibres supporting the dermal membrane, with regularly scattered circular and convoluted depressions (0.5 cm in diameter) very similar to those of
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<taxonomicName class="Demospongiae" family="Agelasidae" genus="Agelas" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Agelas cerebrum" order="Agelasida" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="cerebrum">Agelas cerebrum</taxonomicName>
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. Oscules few, small, irregularly scattered. Choanosomal skeleton as an irregularly reticulate network of spongin fibres. Primary fibres 50-110 (71.67
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<normalizedToken originalValue="±">+/-</normalizedToken>
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17.63)
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<normalizedToken originalValue="μm">μm</normalizedToken>
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in diameter, strongly echinate by single, scattered spicules to groups of diverging spicules; ascending primary fibres cored by spicules also present. Secondary fibres 20-50 (35
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<normalizedToken originalValue="±">+/-</normalizedToken>
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9)
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<normalizedToken originalValue="μm">μm</normalizedToken>
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in diameter notably echinate and cored by spicules. Tertiary network not observed.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph lastPageId="3" lastPageNumber="4" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">
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Megascleres as three categories of monaxons mostly with acute spines. Acanthostyles 90-250 (180.72
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<normalizedToken originalValue="±">+/-</normalizedToken>
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28.66)
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<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
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7.5-20 (13.46
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<normalizedToken originalValue="±">+/-</normalizedToken>
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2.59)
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<normalizedToken originalValue="μm">μm</normalizedToken>
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ornate by verticillate spines arranged as 11-27 (17.8
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<normalizedToken originalValue="±">+/-</normalizedToken>
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2.86) whorls. Acanthoxeas 130-295 (195
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<normalizedToken originalValue="±">+/-</normalizedToken>
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43.09)
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<pageBreakToken pageId="3" pageNumber="4" start="start">
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<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
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</pageBreakToken>
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7.5-15 (12.17
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<normalizedToken originalValue="±">+/-</normalizedToken>
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1.89)
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<normalizedToken originalValue="μm">μm</normalizedToken>
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ornate by verticillate spines arranged as 14-26 (19.24
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<normalizedToken originalValue="±">+/-</normalizedToken>
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3.47) whorls. Acanthostrongyles 80-245 (148.18
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<normalizedToken originalValue="±">+/-</normalizedToken>
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36.82)
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<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
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4-17 (11.09
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<normalizedToken originalValue="±">+/-</normalizedToken>
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4.24)
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<normalizedToken originalValue="μm">μm</normalizedToken>
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ornate by verticillate spines arranged as 9-26 (15.76
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<normalizedToken originalValue="±">+/-</normalizedToken>
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3.85) whorls. Annulate spicules apparently young.
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</paragraph>
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<caption pageId="3" pageNumber="4">
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<paragraph pageId="3" pageNumber="4">
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Figure 1. Genus
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<taxonomicName class="Demospongiae" family="Agelasidae" genus="Agelas" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Agelas" order="Agelasida" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" phylum="Porifera" rank="genus">Agelas</taxonomicName>
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. Biogeographic pattern (grey areas). The red dot indicates the type locality of the new species
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<taxonomicName class="Demospongiae" family="Agelasidae" genus="Agelas" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Agelas sansibarica" order="Agelasida" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="sansibarica">Agelas sansibarica</taxonomicName>
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sp. n. at Jambiani (
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<geoCoordinate direction="south" orientation="latitude" precision="1" value="-6.3124447">06°18'44.8"S</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="15" value="39.558887">39°33'32"E</geoCoordinate>
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), eastern coast of Unguja Island, Zanzibar Archipelago, United Republic of Tanzania.
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</paragraph>
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</caption>
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<caption pageId="3" pageNumber="4">
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<paragraph pageId="3" pageNumber="4">
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Figure 2.
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<taxonomicName class="Demospongiae" family="Agelasidae" genus="Agelas" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Agelas sansibarica" order="Agelasida" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="sansibarica">Agelas sansibarica</taxonomicName>
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sp. n. Type specimen (alcohol preserved, colour different from in vivo) from the Zanzibar Archipelago.
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</paragraph>
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</caption>
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<caption pageId="3" pageNumber="4">
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<paragraph pageId="3" pageNumber="4">
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Figure 3.
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<taxonomicName class="Demospongiae" family="Agelasidae" genus="Agelas" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Agelas sansibarica" order="Agelasida" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="sansibarica">Agelas sansibarica</taxonomicName>
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sp. n. Spicular complement of verticillate acanthostyles, acanthoxeas and acanthostrongyles (SEM).
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</paragraph>
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</caption>
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<caption pageId="3" pageNumber="4">
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<paragraph pageId="3" pageNumber="4">
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Figure 4.
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<taxonomicName class="Demospongiae" family="Agelasidae" genus="Agelas" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Agelas sansibarica" order="Agelasida" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="sansibarica">Agelas sansibarica</taxonomicName>
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sp. n. Spicular complement of verticillate acanthostyles, acanthoxeas and acanthostrongyles (LM).
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</paragraph>
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</caption>
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<caption pageId="3" pageNumber="4">
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<paragraph pageId="3" pageNumber="4">
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Figure 5.
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<taxonomicName class="Demospongiae" family="Agelasidae" genus="Agelas" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Agelas sansibarica" order="Agelasida" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="sansibarica">Agelas sansibarica</taxonomicName>
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sp. n. a skeletal network of spongin fibres echinated by spicules (SEM) b detail of fibres surface echinated by verticillate spicules (SEM) c section of a primary fibre cored by a verticillate acanthostrongyle
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<normalizedToken originalValue="d–e">d-e</normalizedToken>
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skeletal network (LM).
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</paragraph>
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</caption>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="3" pageNumber="4" type="remarks">
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<paragraph pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Remarks.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="3" pageNumber="4">
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The new species is characterized by the co-presence of three categories of spicules never recorded in other
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<taxonomicName class="Demospongiae" family="Agelasidae" genus="Agelas" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Agelas" order="Agelasida" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" phylum="Porifera" rank="genus">Agelas</taxonomicName>
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species. Acanthostrongyles are abundant, ca. 20-30 % of the total number of spicules.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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</treatment>
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</document> |