278 lines
31 KiB
XML
278 lines
31 KiB
XML
<document ID-DOI="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.348.5449" ID-GBIF-Dataset="f537b1e0-b388-4d33-8889-8234d90fd652" ID-PMC="PMC3837408" ID-Pensoft-Pub="1313-2970-348-1" ID-PubMed="24294071" ID-ZBK="11308C785C334B20B1C62BC4EDC52893" ModsDocAuthor="" ModsDocDate="2013" ModsDocID="1313-2970-348-1" ModsDocOrigin="ZooKeys 348" ModsDocTitle="Six new deep-water sternaspid species (Annelida, Sternaspidae) from the Pacific Ocean" checkinTime="1451246706903" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Salazar-Vallejo, Sergio I. & Buzhinskaja, Galina" docDate="2013" docId="DB78C8366FB5C18DFA00061C4BC638B3" docLanguage="en" docName="ZooKeys 348: 1-27" docOrigin="ZooKeys 348" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.348.5449" docTitle="Sternaspis williamsae Salazar-Vallejo & Buzhinskaja, 2013, sp. n." docType="treatment" docUuid="83507969-B8CA-4028-9521-C76F676486F0" docUuidSource="ZooBank" docVersion="4" lastPageNumber="23" masterDocId="FFA0137DF108FF839924FF97FFE6FFDF" masterDocTitle="Six new deep-water sternaspid species (Annelida, Sternaspidae) from the Pacific Ocean" masterLastPageNumber="27" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="18" updateTime="1668156802118" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:mods xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>Six new deep-water sternaspid species (Annelida, Sternaspidae) from the Pacific Ocean</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Salazar-Vallejo, Sergio I.</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Buzhinskaja, Galina</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:typeOfResource>text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:relatedItem type="host">
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>ZooKeys</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:part>
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<mods:date>2013</mods:date>
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<mods:detail type="volume">
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<mods:number>348</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:extent unit="page">
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<mods:start>1</mods:start>
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<mods:end>27</mods:end>
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</mods:extent>
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</mods:part>
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</mods:relatedItem>
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<mods:location>
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<mods:url>http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.348.5449</mods:url>
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</mods:location>
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<mods:classification>journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier type="DOI">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.348.5449</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="Pensoft-Pub">1313-2970-348-1</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="ZBK">11308C785C334B20B1C62BC4EDC52893</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="ZooBank">11308C785C334B20B1C62BC4EDC52893</mods:identifier>
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</mods:mods>
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<treatment ID-GBIF-Taxon="152049397" LSID="urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:83507969-B8CA-4028-9521-C76F676486F0" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/DB78C8366FB5C18DFA00061C4BC638B3" lastPageId="22" lastPageNumber="23" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">
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<subSubSection pageId="17" pageNumber="18" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph pageId="17" pageNumber="18">
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<taxonomicName LSID="http://zoobank.org/83507969-B8CA-4028-9521-C76F676486F0" class="Polychaeta" family="Sternaspidae" genus="Sternaspis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Sternaspis williamsae" order="Terebellida" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="williamsae">Sternaspis williamsae</taxonomicName>
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<taxonomicNameLabel pageId="17" pageNumber="18">sp. n.</taxonomicNameLabel>
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Figures 9, 10
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="17" pageNumber="18" type="reference_group">
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<paragraph pageId="17" pageNumber="18">
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<taxonomicName class="Polychaeta" family="Sternaspidae" genus="Sternaspis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Sternaspis fossor" order="Terebellida" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="fossor">Sternaspis fossor</taxonomicName>
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:
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<bibRefCitation author="Hartman, O" journalOrPublisher="Allan Hancock Pacific Expeditions" pageId="25" pageNumber="26" pagination="1 - 93" title="Submarine Canyons of Southern California, 3. Systematics: Polychaetes." volume="27" year="1963">Hartman 1963</bibRefCitation>
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: 59;
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<bibRefCitation author="Fauchald, K" journalOrPublisher="Allan Hancock Foundation Monographs" pageId="25" pageNumber="26" pagination="1 - 73" title="Deep-water polychaetes from a transect off central Oregon." volume="11" year="1981">Fauchald and Hancock 1981</bibRefCitation>
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: 35 (partim, non
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<bibRefCitation author="Stimpson, W" journalOrPublisher="Smithsonian Contributions to Knowledge" pageId="25" pageNumber="26" pagination="5 - 67" title="Synopsis of the marine Invertebrata of Grand Manan: or the region about the mouth of the Bay of Fundy." volume="6" year="1853">Stimpson 1853</bibRefCitation>
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).
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection lastPageId="18" lastPageNumber="19" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" type="type material">
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<paragraph pageId="17" pageNumber="18">Type material.</paragraph>
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<paragraph lastPageId="18" lastPageNumber="19" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">
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Northeastern Pacific, Oregon. Holotype (LACM 5353), and five paratypes (LACM 5354), off Columbia River, R.V. Acona, Sta. AD 33, NAD 21
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<pageBreakToken pageId="18" pageNumber="19" start="start">(</pageBreakToken>
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<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="92" value="44.5">44°30.0'N</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="92" value="-125.566666">125°34.0'W</geoCoordinate>
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- 44°39.0'N, 125 33.2 W), 2800 m, 25 Jan. 1963 (paratypes 2.2-9.8 mm long, 1.4-4.5 mm wide, abdomen 2.2-6.0 mm long; left shield plate 0.9-1.8 mm long, 0.8-2.2 mm wide).
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection lastPageId="21" lastPageNumber="22" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" type="additional material">
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<paragraph pageId="18" pageNumber="19">Additional material.</paragraph>
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<paragraph lastPageId="21" lastPageNumber="22" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">
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Northeastern Pacific, Oregon. One specimen (CAS 129027w), Sta. BMT 557 (
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<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="92" value="48.15">48°9.0'N</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="92" value="-127.07">127°4.2'W</geoCoordinate>
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), 2519 m, 10 Sep. 1971, A. Carey, coll. (9 mm long, 4.8 mm wide; left shield plate 2.0 mm long, 1.8 mm wide). One specimen (LACM 5359), too damaged, broken into two pieces, shield almost completely lost, off Columbia River, R.V. Acona, Sta. AD 9, NAD 21 (
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<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="92" value="44.606667">44°36.4'N</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="92" value="-125.41333">125°24.8'W</geoCoordinate>
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), 2800 m, 13 Aug. 1962. One specimen (LACM 5355), off Columbia River, R.V. Acona, Sta. AD 32, NAD 19 (
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<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="92" value="44.643333">44°38.6'N</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="92" value="-125.335">125°20.1'W</geoCoordinate>
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-
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<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="92" value="44.626667">44°37.6'N</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="92" value="-125.35">125°21.0'W</geoCoordinate>
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), 2400 m, 25 Jan. 1963 (4.5 mm long, 2 mm wide, abdomen 3 mm long; left shield plate 1.1 mm long, 0.9 mm wide). Two specimens (LACM 5358), juveniles, Cascadia Abyssal Plain, W off Yaquina Bay, R.V. Acona, Sta. AD 141, NAD11B NAD 19 (
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<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="92" value="44.643333">44°38.6'N</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="92" value="-125.335">125°20.1'W</geoCoordinate>
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-
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<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="92" value="44.626667">44°37.6'N</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="92" value="-125.35">125°21.0'W</geoCoordinate>
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), 2400 m, clayey silt, 8 Apr. 1965 (3.5-4.0 mm long, 2.0-2.5 mm wide, abdomen 2.5-3.0 mm long; left shield plate 0.5-0.7 mm long, 0.5-0.9 mm wide). One specimen (LACM 5356), juvenile, too contracted, introvert damaged, Cascadia Abyssal Plain, W off Yaquina Bay, R.V. Acona, Sta. AD 148, NAD 12 (
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<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="92" value="44.678333">44°40.7'N</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="92" value="-125.166664">125°10.0'W</geoCoordinate>
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-
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<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="92" value="44.685">44°41.1'N</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="92" value="-125.166664">125°10.0'W</geoCoordinate>
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), 1000 m, 5 Jun. 1965 (genital papillae small, digitate; body 2 mm long, 2.2 mm wide, left shield plate 0.6 mm long, 0.8 mm wide). Five specimens (LACM 5357), juveniles, Cascadia Abyssal Plain, W off Yaquina Bay, R.V. Acona, Sta. AD 149, NAD 15 (
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<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="92" value="44.68667">44°41.2'N</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="92" value="-125.25">125°15.0'W</geoCoordinate>
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-
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<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="92" value="45.531666">44°91.9'N</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="92" value="-125.25166">125°15.1'W</geoCoordinate>
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), 1600 m, silty sand, 5 Jun. 1965 (0.7-4.5 mm long, 0.8-3.0 mm wide, abdomen 0.6-3.0 mm long; left shield plate 0.4-0.6 mm long, 0.5-0.9 mm wide). Northeastern Pacific, Southern California, canyons. Fifteen specimens (LACM 5363), juveniles, 4.9 km off Gull Island, Santa Cruz Island, R.V. Velero IV, Sta. 6808 (
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<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="15" value="33.908337">33°54'30"N</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="15" value="-119.789444">119°47'22"W</geoCoordinate>
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), green sandy mud, 878 m, 22 Dec. 1959 (3.0-5.0 mm long, 1.5-3.0 mm wide, abdomen 2.0-3.0 mm long; left shield plate 0.5-0.8 mm long, 0.5-0.8 mm wide). Five specimens (LACM 5364), two juveniles, 10.7 km off Ribbon Rock, Santa Catalina Island, R.V. Velero IV, Sta. 6828 (
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<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="15" value="33.341667">33°20'30"N</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="15" value="-118.65139">118°39'05"W</geoCoordinate>
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), green mud, 1246 m, 28 Jan. 1960 (3.0-6.5 mm long, 2.0-3.0 mm wide, abdomen 2.0-3.5 mm long; left shield plate 0.7-0.9 mm long, 0.8-1.1 mm wide). BLM (= Bureau of Land Management) Baseline Study, Southern California Bight. One specimen (LACM 5327), dried out, BLM 81202, R.V. Thomas G. Thompson, Sta. 812 (
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<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="1" value="33.773067">33°46.384'N</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="1" value="-119.59697">119°35.818'W</geoCoordinate>
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), 1419 m, olive green soupy mud, biological box core, rep. 2 BFI/ B3-5, 22 Aug. 1977, K. Fauchald, G. Jones, coll. One specimen (LACM 5328), bent over itself, body wall broken, BLM 81236, R.V. Thomas G. Thompson, Sta. 812 (
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<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="9" value="33.770832">33°46.25'N</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="9" value="-119.605">119°36.30'W</geoCoordinate>
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), 1419 m, olive green soupy mud, biological box core, rep. 36 BFI/ B3-5, 31 Aug. 1977, K. Fauchald, G. Jones, coll. One specimen (LACM 5329), body wall broken, BLM 81237, R.V. Thomas G. Thompson, Sta. 812 (
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<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="9" value="33.770668">33°46.24'N</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="9" value="-119.604164">119°36.25'W</geoCoordinate>
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), 1419 m, olive green soupy mud, biological box core, rep. 37 BFI/ B3-5, 31 Aug. 1977, K. Fauchald, G. Jones, coll. (4 mm long, 3 mm wide, abdomen 3.5 mm long, left shield plate 1 mm long, 1 mm wide). Two specimens (LACM 5330), one with introvert invaginat
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<pageBreakToken pageId="19" pageNumber="20" start="start">ed</pageBreakToken>
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, BLM 81238, R.V. Thomas G. Thompson, Sta. 812 (
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<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="9" value="33.770668">33°46.24'N</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="9" value="-119.60433">119°36.26'W</geoCoordinate>
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), 1419 m, olive green soupy mud, biological box core, rep. 38 BFI/ B3-5, 31 Aug. 1977, K. Fauchald, G. Jones, coll. (5 mm long, 2 mm wide, abdomen 3 mm long, left shield plate 1 mm long, 1 mm wide). One specimen (LACM 5331), BLM 81302, R.V. Thomas G. Thompson, Sta. 813 (
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<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="9" value="33.770668">33°46.24'N</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="9" value="-119.60433">119°36.26'W</geoCoordinate>
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), 1758 m, olive brown silty mud, biological box core, rep. 02 BFI/ B4-1, 23 Aug. 1977, K. Fauchald, G. Jones, coll. (abdomen 3 mm long, 3 mm wide; left shield plate 1 mm long, 1 mm wide). Three specimens (LACM 5332), one mature female, BLM 81303, R.V. Thomas G. Thompson, Sta. 813 (
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<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="1" value="33.01585">33°0.951'N</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="1" value="-119.03312">119°1.987'W</geoCoordinate>
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), 1756 m, olive brown silt, biological box core, rep. 03 BFI/ B4-1, 23 Aug. 1977, K. Fauchald, G. Jones, coll. (abdomen 1.8-2.5 mm long, 1.5-2.0 mm wide; left shield plate 0.4-0.8 mm long, 0.5-0.8 mm wide; oocytes 180-200
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<normalizedToken originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
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in diameter). Two specimens (LACM 5332a), dried-out, BLM 81305, R.V. Thomas G. Thompson, Sta. 813 (
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<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="1" value="33.016716">33°1.003'N</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="1" value="-119.03295">119°1.977'W</geoCoordinate>
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), 1758 m, olive brown silt, biological box core, rep. 05 BFI/ B4-1, 23 Aug. 1977, K. Fauchald, G. Jones, coll. Two specimens (LACM 5338), BLM 81402, R.V. Thomas G. Thompson, Sta. 814 (
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<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="1" value="32.80805">32°48.483'N</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="1" value="-119.13181">119°7.909'W</geoCoordinate>
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), 931 m, olive green silty mud with shells, biological box core, rep. 02 BFI/ B4-2, 24 Aug. 1977, K. Fauchald, G. Jones, coll. (5 mm long, 2.5-2.8 mm wide, abdomen 3.0-3.5 mm long,
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<pageBreakToken pageId="20" pageNumber="21" start="start">left</pageBreakToken>
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shield plate 0.7-0.9 mm long, 0.7-0.9 mm wide). One specimen (LACM 5339), BLM 81404, R.V. Thomas G. Thompson, Sta. 814 (
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<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="1" value="32.808018">32°48.481'N</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="1" value="-119.1312">119°7.872'W</geoCoordinate>
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), 933 m, olive green silty mud, biological box core, rep. 04 BFI/ B4-2, 24 Aug. 1977, K. Fauchald, G. Jones, coll. (3 mm long, 2 mm wide, abdomen 2 mm long, left shield plate 0.6 mm long, 0.6 mm wide). Two specimens (LACM 5341), dried-out, BLM 81407, R.V. Thomas G. Thompson, Sta. 814 (
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<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="1" value="32.80775">32°48.465'N</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="1" value="-119.13243">119°7.946'W</geoCoordinate>
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), 922 m, olive green silty mud, biological box core, rep. 07 BFI/ B4-2, 24 Aug. 1977, K. Fauchald, G. Jones, coll. One specimen (LACM 5342), dried-out, BLM 81408, R.V. Thomas G. Thompson, Sta. 814 (
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<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="1" value="32.807335">32°48.440'N</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="1" value="-119.13047">119°7.828'W</geoCoordinate>
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), 940 m, olive green silty mud, biological box core, rep. 08 BFI/ B4-2, 24 Aug. 1977, K. Fauchald, G. Jones, coll. Two specimens (LACM 5343), dried-out, BLM 81418, R.V. Thomas G. Thompson, Sta. 814 (
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<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="9" value="32.808834">32°48.53'N</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="9" value="-119.1315">119°7.89'W</geoCoordinate>
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), 920 m, olive green silty mud, biological box core, rep. 18 BFI/ B4-2, 24 Aug. 1977, K. Fauchald, G. Jones, coll. Two
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<pageBreakToken pageId="21" pageNumber="22" start="start">specimens</pageBreakToken>
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(LACM 5344), dried-out, BLM 81422, R.V. Thomas G. Thompson, Sta. 814 (
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<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="9" value="32.808">32°48.48'N</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="9" value="-119.130165">119°7.81'W</geoCoordinate>
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), 920 m, olive green silty mud, biological box core, rep. 22 BFI/ B4-2, 24 Aug. 1977, K. Fauchald, G. Jones, coll. One specimen (LACM 5345), BLM 82502, 14 km S of Huntington Beach, R.V. Thomas G. Thompson, Sta. 825 (
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<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="1" value="33.550583">33°33.035'N</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="1" value="-118.013664">118°0.820'W</geoCoordinate>
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), 250 m, olive green gray silty clay mud, biological box core, rep. 2 BFI/ B6-2, 3 Feb. 1977, K. Fauchald, G. Jones, coll. (abdomen 3 mm long, 2.3 mm wide; left shield plate 0.8 mm long, 0.8 mm wide). One specimen (LACM 5346), dried-out, BLM 84005, R.V. Thomas G. Thompson, Sta. 840 (
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<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="9" value="33.409332">33°24.56'N</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="9" value="-119.502">119°30.12'W</geoCoordinate>
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), 713 m, olive green silty mud, biological box core, rep. 5 BFI/ D2-1, 3 Feb. 1977, K. Fauchald, G. Jones, coll.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="21" pageNumber="22" type="description">
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<paragraph pageId="21" pageNumber="22">Description.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="21" pageNumber="22">Holotype (LACM 5353) with body brownish, paler over remaining integument with papillae (Fig. 9A). Introvert exposed, narrower than abdomen, covered with abundant papillae, eroded in some areas. Abdomen with integument smooth without papillae in swollen areas, otherwise with abundant small papillae. Body 7.5 mm long, 3.7 mm wide, abdomen 5.5 mm long; about 29 segments; left shield plate 1.6 mm long, 1.5 mm wide.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="21" pageNumber="22">Prostomium small ovoid, paler distally, darker basally (Fig. 9B), smaller than mouth. Peristomium rounded, with a band of abundant papillae not reaching base of introvert hooks of chaetiger 1. Mouth oval, slightly projected, papillose.</paragraph>
|
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<caption pageId="21" pageNumber="22">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="21" pageNumber="22">
|
||
Figure 9.
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Polychaeta" family="Sternaspidae" genus="Sternaspis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Sternaspis williamsae" order="Terebellida" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="williamsae">Sternaspis williamsae</taxonomicName>
|
||
sp. n., holotype (LACM 5353) A Frontal view B Anterior end, oblique frontal view C Ventro-caudal shield D Largest paratype (LACM 5354), ventral view
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="E–H">E-H</normalizedToken>
|
||
Ventro-caudal shields, frontal view. Bars: A, G 0.9 mm B, H 1 mm C 0.5 mm D 1.2 mm E 0.4 mm F 0.6 mm.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="21" pageNumber="22">First three chaetigers with 12-14 bronze, slightly falcate hooks per bundle, each with subdistal dark areas. Genital papillae lost, eroded from the intersegmental groove between segments 7 and 8 (not visible in paratypes either).</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="21" pageNumber="22">Pre-shield region with 7 segments, with papillae abundant in protected areas (some paratypes with papillae arranged in single transverse series per segment). Short, few capillary chaetae present in one segment (in up to three segments in paratypes).</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="21" pageNumber="22">Ventro-caudal shield pale orange (Fig. 9C), with ribs, concentric lines poorly developed; suture distinct throughout shield. Anterior margins rounded; anterior depression deep; anterior keels exposed (also exposed in two paratypes). Lateral margins rounded, reduced posteriorly. Fan truncate, half as wide as anterior margins width, slightly projected beyond posterior shield corners, median notch moderate, fan margin smooth (barely crenulated in two paratypes).</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="21" pageNumber="22">Marginal chaetal fascicles include 10 lateral ones; chaetae ovally arranged, and 5 posterior fascicles (6-7 in paratypes). Peg chaetae or associated capillaries not visible (neither in paratypes).</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="21" pageNumber="22">Branchiae lost in holotype (paratypes with abundant filaments, some 2-3 times thicker, and half as long as the others). Branchial plates parallel, anteriorly rounded.</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection lastPageId="22" lastPageNumber="23" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" type="variation">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="21" pageNumber="22">Variation.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph lastPageId="22" lastPageNumber="23" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">
|
||
There are several modifications in the shield development with roughly defined ribs and the general outline has lateral margins rounded, medially expanded, some distortions were noticed probably due to sample handling since the body is rather delicate. The shield pigmentations is dark yellow in smaller paratypes (Fig. 9E) with radial ribs barely visible and no concentric lines; the posterior margin is smooth with the fan not projected beyond the posterior corners. Slightly larger paratypes have a better defined diagonal rib (Fig. 9F), but concentric lines appear later
|
||
<pageBreakToken pageId="22" pageNumber="23" start="start">(</pageBreakToken>
|
||
Fig. 9G), together with slight lateral notches. The largest paratype was severely damaged (Fig. 9D), and its shield is almost completely detached and bent dorsally, such that its outline is apparently different (Fig. 9H); it has a well-developed diagonal rib but concentric lines are barely visible, and the lateral notches are not as distinct as in smaller specimens.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection pageId="22" pageNumber="23" type="early shield development">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="22" pageNumber="23">Early shield development.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="22" pageNumber="23">Very small juveniles show a transition in pigmentation and development of the ventro-caudal shield (Fig. 10A). The smallest specimen, being 0.7 mm long (Fig. 10B) has no pigmentation but chaetae are already arranged in lateral and posterior bundles, each with 1-3 chaetae. When the body doubles its size, being about 1.5 mm long (Fig. 10C) the shield has some sediment particles and becomes slightly more pigmented than in smaller specimens. The following stage, when the body reaches about 3 mm long (Fig. 10D), is not markedly different from the previous stage. Darker pigmentation and better defined shield margins are attained when the specimens are 3.5 mm long (Fig. 10E, oblique illumination resulted in a darker shield) but the ribs or the median notch are not well defined. These last two modifications apparently appear soon afterwards because in a similar-sized specimen (Fig. 10H), the shield (with a more incident angle) shows a dark yellow shield bordered by a paler region, and with better defined ribs and median notch (Fig. 10G).</paragraph>
|
||
<caption pageId="22" pageNumber="23">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="22" pageNumber="23">
|
||
Figure 10.
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Polychaeta" family="Sternaspidae" genus="Sternaspis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Sternaspis williamsae" order="Terebellida" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="williamsae">Sternaspis williamsae</taxonomicName>
|
||
sp. n. Juveniles (LACM 5357) A Complete specimens, ventral view B Smallest juvenile, ventral view C Second specimen, ventral view D Intermediate-sized juvenile, ventral view E Second largest specimen, ventral view F Same, ventro-caudal shield, oblique illumination G Largest specimen, ventral view H Same, ventro-caudal shield, incident illumination. Bars: A 1.4 mm B 0.1 mm C 0.2 mm D, G 0.6 mm E 0.5 mm F, H 0.3 mm.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection pageId="22" pageNumber="23" type="etymology">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="22" pageNumber="23">Etymology.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="22" pageNumber="23">This species is named after Susan Williams, in recognition of her taxonomic work on trichobranchids, and because she left some notes indicating that she regarded some of the materials herein included for this description as representing a different pattern which deserved a name. The epithet is a noun in the genitive case.</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection pageId="22" pageNumber="23" type="type locality">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="22" pageNumber="23">Type locality.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="22" pageNumber="23">W off Yaquina Bay, Oregon, 2800 m depth.</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection pageId="22" pageNumber="23" type="remarks">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="22" pageNumber="23">Remarks.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="22" pageNumber="23">
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Polychaeta" family="Sternaspidae" genus="Sternaspis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Sternaspis williamsae" order="Terebellida" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="williamsae">Sternaspis williamsae</taxonomicName>
|
||
sp. n. is very similar to
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Polychaeta" family="Sternaspidae" genus="Sternaspis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Sternaspis maior" order="Terebellida" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="maior">Sternaspis maior</taxonomicName>
|
||
Chamberlin, 1919 as redescribed elsewhere (
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Sendall, K" journalOrPublisher="ZooKeys" pageId="25" pageNumber="26" pagination="1 - 74" title="Revision of Sternaspis Otto, 1821 (Polychaeta: Sternaspidae)." url="10.3897/zookeys.286.4438" volume="286" year="2013">Sendall and Salazar-Vallejo 2013</bibRefCitation>
|
||
) because both have shield with ribs and poorly-developed concentric lines. They differ, however, because of the relative development of some shield features. In
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Polychaeta" family="Sternaspidae" genus="Sternaspis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Sternaspis williamsae" order="Terebellida" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="williamsae">Sternaspis williamsae</taxonomicName>
|
||
the main ribs are moderately divergent, and the fan is narrower than that of the anterior margin, being up to half as wide as the anterior margin, whereas in
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Polychaeta" family="Sternaspidae" genus="Sternaspis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Sternaspis maior" order="Terebellida" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="maior">Sternaspis maior</taxonomicName>
|
||
the main ribs are markedly divergent, and the fan is as wide or wider than that of the anterior margin. On the other hand,
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Polychaeta" family="Sternaspidae" genus="Sternaspis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Sternaspis williamsae" order="Terebellida" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="williamsae">Sternaspis williamsae</taxonomicName>
|
||
is similar to
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Polychaeta" family="Sternaspidae" genus="Sternaspis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Sternaspis annenkovae" order="Terebellida" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="annenkovae">Sternaspis annenkovae</taxonomicName>
|
||
because both species have shields with fan narrower than that of the anterior margin. These two species differ because in the shield of
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Polychaeta" family="Sternaspidae" genus="Sternaspis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Sternaspis williamsae" order="Terebellida" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="williamsae">Sternaspis williamsae</taxonomicName>
|
||
the concentric lines are poorly developed, the fan is medially continuous, and its prostomium is smaller than the mouth, whereas in
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Polychaeta" family="Sternaspidae" genus="Sternaspis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Sternaspis annenkovae" order="Terebellida" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="annenkovae">Sternaspis annenkovae</taxonomicName>
|
||
concentric lines are better developed, the fan is medially discontinuous, and the prostomium is larger than the mouth. As stated above,
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Polychaeta" family="Sternaspidae" genus="Sternaspis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Sternaspis williamsae" order="Terebellida" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="williamsae">Sternaspis williamsae</taxonomicName>
|
||
resembles
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Polychaeta" family="Sternaspidae" genus="Sternaspis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Sternaspis maureri" order="Terebellida" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="maureri">Sternaspis maureri</taxonomicName>
|
||
because of their shields. They differ, however, in three main features. In
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Polychaeta" family="Sternaspidae" genus="Sternaspis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Sternaspis williamsae" order="Terebellida" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="williamsae">Sternaspis williamsae</taxonomicName>
|
||
the ribs are poorly developed, its median notch is deep or well defined, and its lateral notches are poorly developed or indistinct, whereas in
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Polychaeta" family="Sternaspidae" genus="Sternaspis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Sternaspis maureri" order="Terebellida" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="maureri">Sternaspis maureri</taxonomicName>
|
||
the ribs are better developed, its median notch is shallow or very slightly developed, and its lateral notches are better developed.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection pageId="22" pageNumber="23" type="distribution">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="22" pageNumber="23">Distribution.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="22" pageNumber="23">Only known from Oregon to California, 1000-2800 m depth.</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |