453 lines
71 KiB
XML
453 lines
71 KiB
XML
<document id="322A933EE149CEA2A08336C1E89C802C" ID-ISSN="0024-4082" ID-ZooBank="349CCBC4-37DB-40AE-B2D1-EABA6A84D8A0" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="existingObjects,plazi" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1630092338098" checkinUser="felipe" docAuthor="Martín, Guillermo San, Álvarez-Campos, Patricia, Kondo, Yusuke, Núñez, Jorge, Fernández-Álamo, María Ana, Pleijel, Fredrik, Goetz, Freya E., Nygren, Arne & Osborn, Karen" docDate="2021" docId="DA0E87AAFF919866F8AC6B38E46ABA6C" docLanguage="en" docName="zlaa034.pdf" docOrigin="Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 191" docStyle="DocumentStyle:36B3BD6A90C22AB4F7F465C853188CC8.7:ZoolJLinnSoc.2017-2023.journal_article" docStyleId="36B3BD6A90C22AB4F7F465C853188CC8" docStyleName="ZoolJLinnSoc.2017-2023.journal_article" docStyleVersion="7" docTitle="Ctenophoricola masanorii Martín & Álvarez-Campos & Kondo & Núñez & Fernández-Álamo & Pleijel & Goetz & Nygren & Osborn 2021, SP. NOV." docType="treatment" docVersion="3" masterDocId="2637FFD2FF96986BF8716F22E17FBB74" masterDocTitle="New symbiotic association in marine annelids: ectoparasites of comb jellies" updateTime="1699142505463" updateUser="plazi">
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<mods:titleInfo id="72E2C9DB414C23F4AB07C4AC128359EB">
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<mods:title id="4648DC52A61225CF325396566CA4A7AD">New symbiotic association in marine annelids: ectoparasites of comb jellies</mods:title>
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<mods:name id="5D274EC684C99022C8A85FC9AE3CA8F9" type="personal">
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<mods:namePart id="AA03B6CA0E4ED2BE96CB4CE31E3688DB">Martín, Guillermo San</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="19BE38E96EE7D2B86AA1EFD677F51DE2">Álvarez-Campos, Patricia</mods:namePart>
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<mods:roleTerm id="7C40D90E9DB67B97D08CDD3349FE2DBF">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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<mods:namePart id="62EA0E9F0295B8373D4CCF1B6D5D46DF">Kondo, Yusuke</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="1E4B4708363E093D65E6D8BEE2BA7B53">Núñez, Jorge</mods:namePart>
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<mods:roleTerm id="25DEF01CBECFA31FEA615EE75B27883E">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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<mods:namePart id="57410AF12A4E2EA3951EF58AAA221C90">Fernández-Álamo, María Ana</mods:namePart>
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<mods:roleTerm id="CD6643C22CC61916B92B1B9CE2875D61">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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<mods:namePart id="A019BC57E90E746CA41D5EB28571E931">Pleijel, Fredrik</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="134FFEECD2029B1820746C6BAD411189">Goetz, Freya E.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="C1DC2995BA4479F315005D935CE66D13">Nygren, Arne</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="0E81A0F141D7326C8FDB9852E36650EA">Osborn, Karen</mods:namePart>
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<mods:typeOfResource id="50E17EBBE9157684BF98DE6B5F6A618D">text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:title id="760F9AD6DE0974626542E3BBB9738732">Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society</mods:title>
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<mods:part id="01EE7B2FA92AC7B3ED2C9C1AA4CF46D0">
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<mods:date id="C33F99A22587F0CA3FF401909C852117">2021</mods:date>
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<mods:detail id="C7F8F8177E69C40501D16BFC6706F2A4" type="volume">
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<mods:number id="44AFCAD718C85377AF7E1A6F1C68E796">191</mods:number>
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<mods:classification id="8EBAF46B526578CB5F031EFAFC6B8DA1">journal volume</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier id="B40B0DB6537694DDCB38CC812CDF1ECC" type="ISSN">0024-4082</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="BD92E86015B537EB796B32A896CFD2B8" type="ZooBank">349CCBC4-37DB-40AE-B2D1-EABA6A84D8A0</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="DA0E87AAFF919866F8AC6B38E46ABA6C" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5305991" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5305991" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:DA0E87AAFF919866F8AC6B38E46ABA6C" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/DA0E87AAFF919866F8AC6B38E46ABA6C" lastPageId="13" pageId="7">
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<subSubSection id="1ABD6537FF91986CF8AC6B38E3D2BF46" box="[221,685,1050,1074]" pageId="7" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="521836BCFF91986CF8AC6B38E3D2BF46" blockId="7.[221,685,1050,1074]" box="[221,685,1050,1074]" pageId="7">
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<heading id="095081D0FF91986CF8AC6B38E3D2BF46" box="[221,685,1050,1074]" centered="true" fontSize="9" level="2" pageId="7" reason="2">
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<taxonomicName id="95A74D3FFF91986CF8AC6B38E33DBF45" ID-CoL="85RBT" authority="Martín & Álvarez-Campos & Kondo & Núñez & Fernández-Álamo & Pleijel & Goetz & Nygren & Osborn, 2021" authorityName="Martín & Álvarez-Campos & Kondo & Núñez & Fernández-Álamo & Pleijel & Goetz & Nygren & Osborn" authorityYear="2021" box="[221,578,1050,1074]" class="Polychaeta" family="Phyllodocidae" genus="Ctenophoricola" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phyllodocida" pageId="7" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="masanorii" status="sp. nov.">CTENOPHORICOLA MASANORII</taxonomicName>
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<emphasis id="60D3EAAEFF91986CFA3B6B3FE3D2BF46" bold="true" box="[586,685,1050,1074]" pageId="7">
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<taxonomicNameLabel id="7BE057D5FF91986CFA3B6B3FE3D2BF46" box="[586,685,1050,1074]" pageId="7" rank="species">SP. NOV.</taxonomicNameLabel>
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</emphasis>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="1ABD6537FF919866F8DA6B60E46ABA6C" lastPageId="13" pageId="7" type="description">
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<paragraph id="521836BCFF91986CF8DA6B60E037BFE2" blockId="7.[145,761,1090,1695]" pageId="7">
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<figureCitation id="CA9C2A39FF91986CF8DA6B60E073BF2C" box="[171,268,1090,1112]" captionStart-0="Figure 2" captionStart-1="Figure 3" captionStart-2="Figure 4" captionStart-3="Figure 5" captionStart-4="Figure 6" captionStart-5="Figure 7" captionStartId-0="8.[163,239,1810,1832]" captionStartId-1="9.[145,224,1724,1746]" captionStartId-2="10.[163,244,1724,1746]" captionStartId-3="11.[145,225,1606,1628]" captionStartId-4="12.[163,242,1226,1248]" captionStartId-5="12.[163,241,1693,1715]" captionTargetBox-0="[226,1379,196,1769]" captionTargetBox-1="[145,1425,195,1684]" captionTargetBox-2="[163,1443,195,1684]" captionTargetBox-3="[305,1265,195,1566]" captionTargetBox-4="[170,1440,198,1183]" captionTargetBox-5="[163,784,1313,1653]" captionTargetId-0="figure-27@8.[225,1380,195,1770]" captionTargetId-1="figure-27@9.[145,1425,195,1684]" captionTargetId-2="figure-28@10.[163,1443,195,1684]" captionTargetId-3="figure-113@11.[305,1265,195,1566]" captionTargetId-4="figure-222@12.[163,1443,195,1186]" captionTargetId-5="figure-254@12.[163,784,1313,1653]" captionTargetPageId-0="8" captionTargetPageId-1="9" captionTargetPageId-2="10" captionTargetPageId-3="11" captionTargetPageId-4="12" captionTargetPageId-5="12" captionText-0="Figure 2. Ctenophoricola masanorii A, holotype, complete specimen, dorsal view. B, holotype, anterior end detail, ventral view. C, paratype, anterior end detail, dorsal view.Abbreviations: 1pa, first parapodium; a, acicula; dt, digestive tract; e, eye; eph, everted pharynx; g, embryos or gonads; p, palps; pc, peristomial cirri; pe, peristomium; pr, prostomium.Scale bars:A, 0.2 mm; B, C, 0.1 mm." captionText-1="Figure 3. Ctenophoricola masanorii Paratype SEM. A, complete specimen, ventral view. B, anterior end, frontal view. C, anterior end, ventral view. D, parapodium of anterior region, ventral view. E, posterior region, ventral view. F, parapodia of posterior region, ventral view. Abbreviations: 1, 2 or 3pa, first, second or third parapodium; ch, chaetae; m, mouth; p, palp; pc, peristomial cirri; pe, peristomium; pr, prostomium; vl, ventral lobe. Scale bars: A, 500 µm; B, F, 100 µm, C, 200 µm; D, 50 µm; E, 300 µm." captionText-2="Figure 4. Ctenophoricola masanorii Paratype SEM. A, parapodium of posterior region, ventral view. B, anterior end, dorsal view. C, detail of prostomium and peristomium, dorsal view. D, anterior end, frontal view. E, parapodia, anterior region, dorsal view. Abbreviations: 1 pa, first parapodium; ch, chaetae; dl, dorsal lobe; eph, everted pharynx; p, palp; pa, parapodium; pc, peristomial cirri; pe, peristomium; pr, prostomium; vl, ventral lobe. Scale bars: A, C, E, 50 µm; B, D, 100 µm." captionText-3="Figure 5. Ctenophoricola masanorii, live specimen micrographs. Three specimens on a ctenophore: (A) on Be. campana, (B) on Bo. mikado. C-D, complete specimens, dorsal view. E, detail of two specimens on a comb jelly. Abbreviations: e, eye; p, palp. Scale bars: A, B, 5 mm." captionText-4="Figure 6. Ctenophoricola masanorii specimens, dorsal view. A, smallest specimen. B, larger specimen developing eyes. C, large complete specimen. Scale bars: A, 0.05 mm; B, 0.1 mm; C, 0.2 mm." captionText-5="Figure 7. Ctenophoricola masanorii collected from a single host arranged from small (left) to large (right) specimens. Scale bar 0.1 mm." pageId="7">Figs 2–7</figureCitation>
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, Supporting Information (Movies S1–S3) lsid: zoobank.org:act:
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<uuid id="26010C69FF91986CF9E16B43E037BFE2" pageId="7">4E29046B-899F-410C-8A46- C1E99F5E50E9</uuid>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="521836BCFF91986CF8E06BBCE0C7BDEA" blockId="7.[145,761,1090,1695]" pageId="7">
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<emphasis id="60D3EAAEFF91986CF8E06BBCE013BFC7" box="[145,364,1182,1203]" italics="true" pageId="7">Material examined:</emphasis>
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<materialsCitation id="E2CF3CE1FF91986CF90F6BBCE35DBE5A" collectingDate="2013-09-09" collectionCode="MNCN" country="Japan" location="Enoshima Island" pageId="7" specimenCode="MNCN 16.01" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Kanagawa" typeStatus="holotype">
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<typeStatus id="8D1C881EFF91986CF90F6BBCE098BFC0" box="[382,487,1182,1204]" pageId="7" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
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:
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<specimenCode id="02019EC7FF91986CF9816BBDE3FCBFC0" box="[496,643,1182,1204]" collectionCode="MNCN" country="Spain" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:35275" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:35275" name="Museo Nacional de Ciencias Naturales" pageId="7" type="Museum">MNCN 16.01</specimenCode>
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/17896, off south-east
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<location id="57786067FF91986CF9646B9FE09FBFA7" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:DA0E87AAFF919866F8AC6B38E46ABA6C:57786067FF91986CF9646B9FE09FBFA7" box="[277,480,1213,1235]" country="Japan" name="Enoshima Island" pageId="7" stateProvince="Kanagawa">Enoshima Island</location>
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(
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<collectingRegion id="9063F85EFF91986CF9806B9FE38BBFA7" box="[497,756,1213,1235]" country="Japan" name="Kanagawa" pageId="7">Kanagawa Prefecture</collectingRegion>
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,
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<collectingCountry id="2AB0762CFF91986CF8E06BFEE1A6BF85" box="[145,217,1244,1265]" name="Japan" pageId="7">Japan</collectingCountry>
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)
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<collectedFrom id="E1BB7541FF91986CF89B6BFEE319BF85" box="[234,614,1244,1266]" pageId="7">
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on
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<taxonomicName id="95A74D3FFF91986CF97E6BFEE319BF85" authority="Komai, 1918" authorityName="Komai" authorityYear="1918" box="[271,614,1244,1266]" class="Nuda" family="Beroidae" genus="Beroe" kingdom="Animalia" order="Beroida" pageId="7" phylum="Ctenophora" rank="species" species="campana">
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<emphasis id="60D3EAAEFF91986CF97E6BFEE0BABF85" box="[271,453,1244,1265]" italics="true" pageId="7">Beroe campana</emphasis>
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Komai, 1918
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</taxonomicName>
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</collectedFrom>
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, fixed in 4% formaldehyde buffered in seawater, preserved in 70% ethanol,
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<date id="2619107CFF91986CF94C6A3BE35DBE5A" box="[317,546,1305,1327]" pageId="7" value="2013-09-09">
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<collectingDate id="365DE994FF91986CF94C6A3BE35DBE5A" box="[317,546,1305,1327]" pageId="7" value="2013-09-09">9 September 2013</collectingDate>
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</date>
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</materialsCitation>
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.
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<materialsCitation id="E2CF3CE1FF91986CFA406A38E375BE3A" accessionNumber="MCZ 25325" collectionCode="MCZ" country="Japan" pageId="7" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-adult="1" stateProvince="Kanagawa" typeStatus="paratype">
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<typeStatus id="8D1C881EFF91986CFA406A38E3CFBE5B" box="[561,688,1306,1327]" pageId="7" type="paratype">Paratypes</typeStatus>
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:
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<collectionCode id="34B6AE79FF91986CFACE6A3BE387BE5A" box="[703,760,1305,1326]" country="USA" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:33791" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:33791" name="Museum of Comparative Zoology" pageId="7" type="Museum">MCZ</collectionCode>
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25325 & 25326 (
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<specimenCount id="44A1FD35FF91986CF9206A1AE0B1BE3A" box="[337,462,1336,1358]" pageId="7" type="adult">two adults</specimenCount>
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) and
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</materialsCitation>
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<materialsCitation id="E2CF3CE1FF91986CFA636A1AE052BEFF" collectionCode="MNCN" country="Japan" pageId="7" specimenCode="MNCN 16.01" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-juvenile="1" stateProvince="Kanagawa" typeStatus="paratype">
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<specimenCode id="02019EC7FF91986CFA636A1AE3D6BE3A" box="[530,681,1336,1358]" collectionCode="MNCN" country="Spain" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:35275" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:35275" name="Museo Nacional de Ciencias Naturales" pageId="7" type="Museum">MNCN 16.01</specimenCode>
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/17894 (
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<specimenCount id="44A1FD35FF91986CF8E86A75E042BE18" box="[153,317,1366,1388]" pageId="7" type="juvenile">two juveniles</specimenCount>
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),
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<collectedFrom id="E1BB7541FF91986CF9226A75E38BBE18" box="[339,756,1366,1388]" pageId="7">
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on
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<taxonomicName id="95A74D3FFF91986CF9086A74E38BBE18" authority="Moser, 1908" authorityName="Moser" authorityYear="1908" box="[377,756,1366,1388]" class="Tentaculata" family="Bolinopsidae" genus="Bolinopsis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lobata" pageId="7" phylum="Ctenophora" rank="species" species="mikado">
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<emphasis id="60D3EAAEFF91986CF9086A74E327BE1F" box="[377,600,1366,1387]" italics="true" pageId="7">Bolinopsis mikado</emphasis>
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Moser, 1908
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||
</taxonomicName>
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</collectedFrom>
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||
, 96% ethanol
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</materialsCitation>
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||
;
|
||
<materialsCitation id="E2CF3CE1FF91986CF94D6A57E38CBEBC" collectionCode="MNCN" country="Japan" pageId="7" specimenCode="MNCN 16.01" specimenCount="2" specimenCount-adult="1" specimenCount-juvenile="1" stateProvince="Kanagawa" typeStatus="paratype">
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<specimenCode id="02019EC7FF91986CF94D6A57E0A3BEFF" box="[316,476,1397,1419]" collectionCode="MNCN" country="Spain" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:35275" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:35275" name="Museo Nacional de Ciencias Naturales" pageId="7" type="Museum">MNCN 16.01</specimenCode>
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/17895 (
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<specimenCount id="44A1FD35FF91986CFA336A57E3BFBEFF" box="[578,704,1397,1419]" pageId="7" type="adult">six adults</specimenCount>
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,
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<specimenCount id="44A1FD35FF91986CFABE6A54E18CBEDE" pageId="7" type="juvenile">one juvenile</specimenCount>
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)
|
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<collectedFrom id="E1BB7541FF91986CF9756AB6E0CCBEDD" box="[260,435,1428,1449]" pageId="7">
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on
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<taxonomicName id="95A74D3FFF91986CF95B6AB6E0CCBEDD" authorityName="Moser" authorityYear="1908" box="[298,435,1428,1449]" class="Tentaculata" family="Bolinopsidae" genus="Bolinopsis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lobata" pageId="7" phylum="Ctenophora" rank="species" species="mikado">
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<emphasis id="60D3EAAEFF91986CF95B6AB6E0CCBEDD" box="[298,435,1428,1449]" italics="true" pageId="7">Bo. mikado</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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</collectedFrom>
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, fixed in 4% formaldehyde buffered with seawater, preserved in 70% ethanol
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||
</materialsCitation>
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;
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<materialsCitation id="E2CF3CE1FF91986CF8E06AF3E084BD72" collectionCode="MNCNM" country="Japan" location="Be." pageId="7" specimenCode="MNCNM 16.01" specimenCount="2" specimenCount-adult="1" specimenCount-juvenile="1" stateProvince="Kanagawa" typeStatus="paratype">
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||
<specimenCode id="02019EC7FF91986CF8E06AF3E038BE93" box="[145,327,1489,1511]" collectionCode="MNCNM" pageId="7">MNCNM 16.01</specimenCode>
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/17898 (
|
||
<specimenCount id="44A1FD35FF91986CF9DC6AF3E357BE93" box="[429,552,1489,1511]" pageId="7" type="adult">six adults</specimenCount>
|
||
,
|
||
<specimenCount id="44A1FD35FF91986CFA466AF3E390BE93" box="[567,751,1489,1511]" pageId="7" type="juvenile">three juveniles</specimenCount>
|
||
) on
|
||
<emphasis id="60D3EAAEFF91986CF8C66AD2E02DBD71" box="[183,338,1520,1541]" italics="true" pageId="7">
|
||
<location id="57786067FF91986CF8C66AD2E1A4BD71" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:DA0E87AAFF919866F8AC6B38E46ABA6C:57786067FF91986CF8C66AD2E1A4BD71" box="[183,219,1520,1541]" country="Japan" name="Be." pageId="7" stateProvince="Kanagawa">Be.</location>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="95A74D3FFF91986CF8956AD2E02DBD71" authorityName="Komai" authorityYear="1918" box="[228,338,1520,1541]" class="Nuda" family="Beroidae" genus="Beroe" kingdom="Animalia" order="Beroida" pageId="7" phylum="Ctenophora" rank="species" species="campana">campana</taxonomicName>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
, 96% ethanol
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<materialsCitation id="E2CF3CE1FF91986CFA7B6AD2E379BD50" collectionCode="MNCN" country="Japan" pageId="7" specimenCode="MNCN 16.01" specimenCount="2" specimenCount-adult="1" specimenCount-juvenile="1" stateProvince="Kanagawa" typeStatus="paratype">
|
||
<specimenCode id="02019EC7FF91986CFA7B6AD2E3D9BD72" box="[522,678,1520,1542]" collectionCode="MNCN" country="Spain" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:35275" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:35275" name="Museo Nacional de Ciencias Naturales" pageId="7" type="Museum">MNCN 16.01</specimenCode>
|
||
/17897 (
|
||
<specimenCount id="44A1FD35FF91986CF8E9692CE061BD50" box="[152,286,1550,1572]" pageId="7" type="adult">four adults</specimenCount>
|
||
,
|
||
<specimenCount id="44A1FD35FF91986CF95A692DE0B6BD50" box="[299,457,1550,1572]" pageId="7" type="juvenile">two juveniles</specimenCount>
|
||
) and
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
<materialsCitation id="E2CF3CE1FF91986CFA7E692DE0CBBDEA" collectingDate="2013-09-09" collectionCode="MNCN" country="Japan" location="All" municipality="Enoshima Island" pageId="7" specimenCode="MNCN 16.01" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Kanagawa" typeStatus="paratype">
|
||
<specimenCode id="02019EC7FF91986CFA7E692DE3D8BD50" box="[527,679,1550,1572]" collectionCode="MNCN" country="Spain" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:35275" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:35275" name="Museo Nacional de Ciencias Naturales" pageId="7" type="Museum">MNCN 16.01</specimenCode>
|
||
/15342 (two additional adults used for SEM), fixed in 4% formaldehyde buffered with seawater.
|
||
<location id="57786067FF91986CFA38696EE314BD16" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:DA0E87AAFF919866F8AC6B38E46ABA6C:57786067FF91986CFA38696EE314BD16" box="[585,619,1612,1634]" country="Japan" municipality="Enoshima Island" name="All" pageId="7" stateProvince="Kanagawa">All</location>
|
||
collected off south-east
|
||
<collectingMunicipality id="B27CACC6FF91986CF9676948E09CBDF4" box="[278,483,1642,1664]" pageId="7">Enoshima Island</collectingMunicipality>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingRegion id="9063F85EFF91986CF9816949E38BBDF4" box="[496,756,1642,1664]" country="Japan" name="Kanagawa" pageId="7">Kanagawa Prefecture</collectingRegion>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="2AB0762CFF91986CF8E069A8E1A7BDEB" box="[145,216,1674,1695]" name="Japan" pageId="7">Japan</collectingCountry>
|
||
,
|
||
<date id="2619107CFF91986CF89269ABE0CBBDEA" box="[227,436,1673,1695]" pageId="7" value="2013-09-09">
|
||
<collectingDate id="365DE994FF91986CF89269ABE0CBBDEA" box="[227,436,1673,1695]" pageId="7" value="2013-09-09">9 September 2013</collectingDate>
|
||
</date>
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="521836BCFF91986CF8E069EAE0A7BC6F" blockId="7.[145,760,1736,1819]" pageId="7">
|
||
<emphasis id="60D3EAAEFF91986CF8E069EAE076BDA9" box="[145,265,1736,1757]" italics="true" pageId="7">Diagnosis:</emphasis>
|
||
Species of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="95A74D3FFF91986CF9FE69EAE343BDA9" authorityName="Martín & Álvarez-Campos & Kondo & Núñez & Fernández-Álamo & Pleijel & Goetz & Nygren & Osborn" authorityYear="2021" box="[399,572,1736,1757]" class="Polychaeta" family="Phyllodocidae" genus="Ctenophoricola" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phyllodocida" pageId="7" phylum="Annelida" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="60D3EAAEFF91986CF9FE69EAE343BDA9" box="[399,572,1736,1757]" italics="true" pageId="7">Ctenophoricola</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
with transverse pigmented bands, lightly coloured on dorsum and lacking marked caeca in gut.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="521836BCFF91986CF8E06866E29FBD75" blockId="7.[145,761,1860,1912]" lastBlockId="7.[809,1426,197,1537]" pageId="7">
|
||
<emphasis id="60D3EAAEFF91986CF8E06866E300BC2D" box="[145,639,1860,1881]" italics="true" pageId="7">Description of largest individuals (adults?):</emphasis>
|
||
<typeStatus id="8D1C881EFF91986CFAE06866E386BC2E" box="[657,761,1860,1882]" pageId="7" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation id="CA9C2A39FF91986CF8E86840E06CBC0C" box="[153,275,1890,1912]" captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="8.[163,239,1810,1832]" captionTargetBox="[226,1379,196,1769]" captionTargetId="figure-27@8.[225,1380,195,1770]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="Figure 2. Ctenophoricola masanorii A, holotype, complete specimen, dorsal view. B, holotype, anterior end detail, ventral view. C, paratype, anterior end detail, dorsal view.Abbreviations: 1pa, first parapodium; a, acicula; dt, digestive tract; e, eye; eph, everted pharynx; g, embryos or gonads; p, palps; pc, peristomial cirri; pe, peristomium; pr, prostomium.Scale bars:A, 0.2 mm; B, C, 0.1 mm." pageId="7">Figs 2A, B</figureCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
<quantity id="955F9B59FF91986CF9526840E005BC0C" box="[291,378,1890,1912]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.6" pageId="7" unit="mm" value="2.6">2.6 mm</quantity>
|
||
long (live, relaxed specimens up to
|
||
<quantity id="955F9B59FF91986CFB376FE7E2F7BBAF" box="[838,904,197,219]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.0" pageId="7" unit="mm" value="3.0">3 mm</quantity>
|
||
long), anterior and posterior regions
|
||
<quantity id="955F9B59FF91986CFD4B6FE7E4EEBBAF" box="[1338,1425,197,219]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.0" pageId="7" unit="mm" value="0.4">0.4 mm</quantity>
|
||
and
|
||
<quantity id="955F9B59FF91986CFB2C6FC6E2CBBB8D" box="[861,948,228,250]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.0" pageId="7" unit="mm" value="0.6">0.6 mm</quantity>
|
||
wide, respectively, excluding parapodia. Body small, cylindrical, somewhat dorsoventrally flattened on posterior half, with peristomium and 27 segments with parapodia, divided in two distinctly different regions (
|
||
<figureCitation id="CA9C2A39FF91986CFC6F6E7CE5FCBA07" box="[1054,1155,350,372]" captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="8.[163,239,1810,1832]" captionTargetBox="[226,1379,196,1769]" captionTargetId="figure-27@8.[225,1380,195,1770]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="Figure 2. Ctenophoricola masanorii A, holotype, complete specimen, dorsal view. B, holotype, anterior end detail, ventral view. C, paratype, anterior end detail, dorsal view.Abbreviations: 1pa, first parapodium; a, acicula; dt, digestive tract; e, eye; eph, everted pharynx; g, embryos or gonads; p, palps; pc, peristomial cirri; pe, peristomium; pr, prostomium.Scale bars:A, 0.2 mm; B, C, 0.1 mm." pageId="7">Figs 2A</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="CA9C2A39FF91986CFCE96E7CE5C6BA07" box="[1176,1209,350,371]" captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="9.[145,224,1724,1746]" captionTargetBox="[145,1425,195,1684]" captionTargetId="figure-27@9.[145,1425,195,1684]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="Figure 3. Ctenophoricola masanorii Paratype SEM. A, complete specimen, ventral view. B, anterior end, frontal view. C, anterior end, ventral view. D, parapodium of anterior region, ventral view. E, posterior region, ventral view. F, parapodia of posterior region, ventral view. Abbreviations: 1, 2 or 3pa, first, second or third parapodium; ch, chaetae; m, mouth; p, palp; pc, peristomial cirri; pe, peristomium; pr, prostomium; vl, ventral lobe. Scale bars: A, 500 µm; B, F, 100 µm, C, 200 µm; D, 50 µm; E, 300 µm." pageId="7">3A</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="CA9C2A39FF91986CFCBE6E7CE5A3BA00" box="[1231,1244,350,372]" captionStart="Figure 5" captionStartId="11.[145,225,1606,1628]" captionTargetBox="[305,1265,195,1566]" captionTargetId="figure-113@11.[305,1265,195,1566]" captionTargetPageId="11" captionText="Figure 5. Ctenophoricola masanorii, live specimen micrographs. Three specimens on a ctenophore: (A) on Be. campana, (B) on Bo. mikado. C-D, complete specimens, dorsal view. E, detail of two specimens on a comb jelly. Abbreviations: e, eye; p, palp. Scale bars: A, B, 5 mm." pageId="7">5</figureCitation>
|
||
C-D), densely covered by short cilia (
|
||
<figureCitation id="CA9C2A39FF91986CFC4B6E5FE5FDBAE6" box="[1082,1154,381,403]" captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="8.[163,239,1810,1832]" captionTargetBox="[226,1379,196,1769]" captionTargetId="figure-27@8.[225,1380,195,1770]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="Figure 2. Ctenophoricola masanorii A, holotype, complete specimen, dorsal view. B, holotype, anterior end detail, ventral view. C, paratype, anterior end detail, dorsal view.Abbreviations: 1pa, first parapodium; a, acicula; dt, digestive tract; e, eye; eph, everted pharynx; g, embryos or gonads; p, palps; pc, peristomial cirri; pe, peristomium; pr, prostomium.Scale bars:A, 0.2 mm; B, C, 0.1 mm." pageId="7">Figs 2</figureCitation>
|
||
B-C, 3, 4). Translucent to yellowish
|
||
<emphasis id="60D3EAAEFF91986CFBCA6EBEE575BAC5" box="[955,1034,412,433]" italics="true" pageId="7">in vivo</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation id="CA9C2A39FF91986CFC6B6EBEE524BAC6" box="[1050,1115,412,434]" captionStart="Figure 5" captionStartId="11.[145,225,1606,1628]" captionTargetBox="[305,1265,195,1566]" captionTargetId="figure-113@11.[305,1265,195,1566]" captionTargetPageId="11" captionText="Figure 5. Ctenophoricola masanorii, live specimen micrographs. Three specimens on a ctenophore: (A) on Be. campana, (B) on Bo. mikado. C-D, complete specimens, dorsal view. E, detail of two specimens on a comb jelly. Abbreviations: e, eye; p, palp. Scale bars: A, B, 5 mm." pageId="7">Fig. 5</figureCitation>
|
||
), with one reddish narrow transverse band dorsally on peristomium, sometimes with a pigmented band on each of the two most anterior segments (
|
||
<figureCitation id="CA9C2A39FF91986CFC786EDAE507B979" box="[1033,1144,504,526]" captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="8.[163,239,1810,1832]" captionTargetBox="[226,1379,196,1769]" captionTargetId="figure-27@8.[225,1380,195,1770]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="Figure 2. Ctenophoricola masanorii A, holotype, complete specimen, dorsal view. B, holotype, anterior end detail, ventral view. C, paratype, anterior end detail, dorsal view.Abbreviations: 1pa, first parapodium; a, acicula; dt, digestive tract; e, eye; eph, everted pharynx; g, embryos or gonads; p, palps; pc, peristomial cirri; pe, peristomium; pr, prostomium.Scale bars:A, 0.2 mm; B, C, 0.1 mm." pageId="7">Fig. 2A, C</figureCitation>
|
||
) and on posterior region (
|
||
<figureCitation id="CA9C2A39FF91986CFB436D34E2F7B95F" box="[818,904,534,556]" captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="8.[163,239,1810,1832]" captionTargetBox="[226,1379,196,1769]" captionTargetId="figure-27@8.[225,1380,195,1770]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="Figure 2. Ctenophoricola masanorii A, holotype, complete specimen, dorsal view. B, holotype, anterior end detail, ventral view. C, paratype, anterior end detail, dorsal view.Abbreviations: 1pa, first parapodium; a, acicula; dt, digestive tract; e, eye; eph, everted pharynx; g, embryos or gonads; p, palps; pc, peristomial cirri; pe, peristomium; pr, prostomium.Scale bars:A, 0.2 mm; B, C, 0.1 mm." pageId="7">Fig. 2A</figureCitation>
|
||
) segments; some reddish areas on laterals of some segments; other specimens without colour pattern (
|
||
<figureCitation id="CA9C2A39FF91986CFBE86D76E29FB91D" box="[921,992,595,618]" captionStart="Figure 5" captionStartId="11.[145,225,1606,1628]" captionTargetBox="[305,1265,195,1566]" captionTargetId="figure-113@11.[305,1265,195,1566]" captionTargetPageId="11" captionText="Figure 5. Ctenophoricola masanorii, live specimen micrographs. Three specimens on a ctenophore: (A) on Be. campana, (B) on Bo. mikado. C-D, complete specimens, dorsal view. E, detail of two specimens on a comb jelly. Abbreviations: e, eye; p, palp. Scale bars: A, B, 5 mm." pageId="7">Fig. 5</figureCitation>
|
||
). Prostomium small, semicircular, without external eyes, with two minute, retractile palps distally ciliated, partially retracted inside peristomium (
|
||
<figureCitation id="CA9C2A39FF91986CFBBF6D92E538B9B1" box="[974,1095,688,710]" captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="8.[163,239,1810,1832]" captionTargetBox="[226,1379,196,1769]" captionTargetId="figure-27@8.[225,1380,195,1770]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="Figure 2. Ctenophoricola masanorii A, holotype, complete specimen, dorsal view. B, holotype, anterior end detail, ventral view. C, paratype, anterior end detail, dorsal view.Abbreviations: 1pa, first parapodium; a, acicula; dt, digestive tract; e, eye; eph, everted pharynx; g, embryos or gonads; p, palps; pc, peristomial cirri; pe, peristomium; pr, prostomium.Scale bars:A, 0.2 mm; B, C, 0.1 mm." pageId="7">Figs 2A–C</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="CA9C2A39FF91986CFC246D92E5EAB9B1" box="[1109,1173,688,709]" captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="9.[145,224,1724,1746]" captionTargetBox="[145,1425,195,1684]" captionTargetId="figure-27@9.[145,1425,195,1684]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="Figure 3. Ctenophoricola masanorii Paratype SEM. A, complete specimen, ventral view. B, anterior end, frontal view. C, anterior end, ventral view. D, parapodium of anterior region, ventral view. E, posterior region, ventral view. F, parapodia of posterior region, ventral view. Abbreviations: 1, 2 or 3pa, first, second or third parapodium; ch, chaetae; m, mouth; p, palp; pc, peristomial cirri; pe, peristomium; pr, prostomium; vl, ventral lobe. Scale bars: A, 500 µm; B, F, 100 µm, C, 200 µm; D, 50 µm; E, 300 µm." pageId="7">3B–C</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="CA9C2A39FF91986CFCD36D92E59BB9B1" box="[1186,1252,688,709]" captionStart="Figure 4" captionStartId="10.[163,244,1724,1746]" captionTargetBox="[163,1443,195,1684]" captionTargetId="figure-28@10.[163,1443,195,1684]" captionTargetPageId="10" captionText="Figure 4. Ctenophoricola masanorii Paratype SEM. A, parapodium of posterior region, ventral view. B, anterior end, dorsal view. C, detail of prostomium and peristomium, dorsal view. D, anterior end, frontal view. E, parapodia, anterior region, dorsal view. Abbreviations: 1 pa, first parapodium; ch, chaetae; dl, dorsal lobe; eph, everted pharynx; p, palp; pa, parapodium; pc, peristomial cirri; pe, peristomium; pr, prostomium; vl, ventral lobe. Scale bars: A, C, E, 50 µm; B, D, 100 µm." pageId="7">4B–D</figureCitation>
|
||
). Peristomium similar in length to subsequent segments, but narrower than chaetigers; a median, small, dorsal lobe on some specimens (
|
||
<figureCitation id="CA9C2A39FF91986CFC1B6C2EE590B855" box="[1130,1263,780,802]" captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="8.[163,239,1810,1832]" captionTargetBox="[226,1379,196,1769]" captionTargetId="figure-27@8.[225,1380,195,1770]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="Figure 2. Ctenophoricola masanorii A, holotype, complete specimen, dorsal view. B, holotype, anterior end detail, ventral view. C, paratype, anterior end detail, dorsal view.Abbreviations: 1pa, first parapodium; a, acicula; dt, digestive tract; e, eye; eph, everted pharynx; g, embryos or gonads; p, palps; pc, peristomial cirri; pe, peristomium; pr, prostomium.Scale bars:A, 0.2 mm; B, C, 0.1 mm." pageId="7">Figs 2A, C</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="CA9C2A39FF91986CFD716C2EE471B855" box="[1280,1294,780,801]" captionStart="Figure 4" captionStartId="10.[163,244,1724,1746]" captionTargetBox="[163,1443,195,1684]" captionTargetId="figure-28@10.[163,1443,195,1684]" captionTargetPageId="10" captionText="Figure 4. Ctenophoricola masanorii Paratype SEM. A, parapodium of posterior region, ventral view. B, anterior end, dorsal view. C, detail of prostomium and peristomium, dorsal view. D, anterior end, frontal view. E, parapodia, anterior region, dorsal view. Abbreviations: 1 pa, first parapodium; ch, chaetae; dl, dorsal lobe; eph, everted pharynx; p, palp; pa, parapodium; pc, peristomial cirri; pe, peristomium; pr, prostomium; vl, ventral lobe. Scale bars: A, C, E, 50 µm; B, D, 100 µm." pageId="7">4</figureCitation>
|
||
B-C) often with two minute papillae (
|
||
<figureCitation id="CA9C2A39FF91986CFCFA6C08E46AB84B" box="[1163,1301,810,832]" captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="8.[163,239,1810,1832]" captionTargetBox="[226,1379,196,1769]" captionTargetId="figure-27@8.[225,1380,195,1770]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="Figure 2. Ctenophoricola masanorii A, holotype, complete specimen, dorsal view. B, holotype, anterior end detail, ventral view. C, paratype, anterior end detail, dorsal view.Abbreviations: 1pa, first parapodium; a, acicula; dt, digestive tract; e, eye; eph, everted pharynx; g, embryos or gonads; p, palps; pc, peristomial cirri; pe, peristomium; pr, prostomium.Scale bars:A, 0.2 mm; B, C, 0.1 mm." pageId="7">Figs 2A, C</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="CA9C2A39FF91986CFD596C08E436B84B" box="[1320,1353,810,831]" captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="9.[145,224,1724,1746]" captionTargetBox="[145,1425,195,1684]" captionTargetId="figure-27@9.[145,1425,195,1684]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="Figure 3. Ctenophoricola masanorii Paratype SEM. A, complete specimen, ventral view. B, anterior end, frontal view. C, anterior end, ventral view. D, parapodium of anterior region, ventral view. E, posterior region, ventral view. F, parapodia of posterior region, ventral view. Abbreviations: 1, 2 or 3pa, first, second or third parapodium; ch, chaetae; m, mouth; p, palp; pc, peristomial cirri; pe, peristomium; pr, prostomium; vl, ventral lobe. Scale bars: A, 500 µm; B, F, 100 µm, C, 200 µm; D, 50 µm; E, 300 µm." pageId="7">3B</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="CA9C2A39FF91986CFD2C6C08E400B84B" box="[1373,1407,810,831]" captionStart="Figure 4" captionStartId="10.[163,244,1724,1746]" captionTargetBox="[163,1443,195,1684]" captionTargetId="figure-28@10.[163,1443,195,1684]" captionTargetPageId="10" captionText="Figure 4. Ctenophoricola masanorii Paratype SEM. A, parapodium of posterior region, ventral view. B, anterior end, dorsal view. C, detail of prostomium and peristomium, dorsal view. D, anterior end, frontal view. E, parapodia, anterior region, dorsal view. Abbreviations: 1 pa, first parapodium; ch, chaetae; dl, dorsal lobe; eph, everted pharynx; p, palp; pa, parapodium; pc, peristomial cirri; pe, peristomium; pr, prostomium; vl, ventral lobe. Scale bars: A, C, E, 50 µm; B, D, 100 µm." pageId="7">4D</figureCitation>
|
||
). Mouth covered by one dorsal and two ventral lips (
|
||
<figureCitation id="CA9C2A39FF91986CFB436C4AE208B809" box="[818,887,872,894]" captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="9.[145,224,1724,1746]" captionTargetBox="[145,1425,195,1684]" captionTargetId="figure-27@9.[145,1425,195,1684]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="Figure 3. Ctenophoricola masanorii Paratype SEM. A, complete specimen, ventral view. B, anterior end, frontal view. C, anterior end, ventral view. D, parapodium of anterior region, ventral view. E, posterior region, ventral view. F, parapodia of posterior region, ventral view. Abbreviations: 1, 2 or 3pa, first, second or third parapodium; ch, chaetae; m, mouth; p, palp; pc, peristomial cirri; pe, peristomium; pr, prostomium; vl, ventral lobe. Scale bars: A, 500 µm; B, F, 100 µm, C, 200 µm; D, 50 µm; E, 300 µm." pageId="7">Fig. 3</figureCitation>
|
||
B-C). Pharynx cylindrical, everted in some specimens (
|
||
<figureCitation id="CA9C2A39FF91986CFBC76CA4E550B8E8" box="[950,1071,902,924]" captionStart="Figure 4" captionStartId="10.[163,244,1724,1746]" captionTargetBox="[163,1443,195,1684]" captionTargetId="figure-28@10.[163,1443,195,1684]" captionTargetPageId="10" captionText="Figure 4. Ctenophoricola masanorii Paratype SEM. A, parapodium of posterior region, ventral view. B, anterior end, dorsal view. C, detail of prostomium and peristomium, dorsal view. D, anterior end, frontal view. E, parapodia, anterior region, dorsal view. Abbreviations: 1 pa, first parapodium; ch, chaetae; dl, dorsal lobe; eph, everted pharynx; p, palp; pa, parapodium; pc, peristomial cirri; pe, peristomium; pr, prostomium; vl, ventral lobe. Scale bars: A, C, E, 50 µm; B, D, 100 µm." pageId="7">Fig. 4B, D</figureCitation>
|
||
), unarmed, without papillae. Two conspicuous, anterior, interior lensed eyes, either dark reddish-brown or yellowish (e.g. in juveniles) (
|
||
<figureCitation id="CA9C2A39FF91986CFB426CC0E202B88C" box="[819,893,994,1016]" captionStart="Figure 5" captionStartId="11.[145,225,1606,1628]" captionTargetBox="[305,1265,195,1566]" captionTargetId="figure-113@11.[305,1265,195,1566]" captionTargetPageId="11" captionText="Figure 5. Ctenophoricola masanorii, live specimen micrographs. Three specimens on a ctenophore: (A) on Be. campana, (B) on Bo. mikado. C-D, complete specimens, dorsal view. E, detail of two specimens on a comb jelly. Abbreviations: e, eye; p, palp. Scale bars: A, B, 5 mm." pageId="7">Fig. 5</figureCitation>
|
||
), internally reaching to segment
|
||
<quantity id="955F9B59FF91986CFD4E6CC0E4F0B88C" box="[1343,1423,994,1016]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.143" metricValueMax="1.27" metricValueMin="1.016" pageId="7" unit="in" value="4.5" valueMax="5.0" valueMin="4.0">4–5 in</quantity>
|
||
preserved specimens (
|
||
<quantity id="955F9B59FF91986CFC476B23E5FCBF63" box="[1078,1155,1025,1047]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.35" metricValueMax="7.62" metricValueMin="5.08" pageId="7" unit="in" value="2.5" valueMax="3.0" valueMin="2.0">
|
||
2–3
|
||
<emphasis id="60D3EAAEFF91986CFC1A6B20E5FCBF63" box="[1131,1155,1026,1047]" italics="true" pageId="7">in</emphasis>
|
||
</quantity>
|
||
vivo). Anterior region with 12–13 segments. Parapodia conical, with thin, internal acicula, without chaetae (
|
||
<figureCitation id="CA9C2A39FF91986CFCB56B1CE473BF27" box="[1220,1292,1086,1108]" captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="8.[163,239,1810,1832]" captionTargetBox="[226,1379,196,1769]" captionTargetId="figure-27@8.[225,1380,195,1770]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="Figure 2. Ctenophoricola masanorii A, holotype, complete specimen, dorsal view. B, holotype, anterior end detail, ventral view. C, paratype, anterior end detail, dorsal view.Abbreviations: 1pa, first parapodium; a, acicula; dt, digestive tract; e, eye; eph, everted pharynx; g, embryos or gonads; p, palps; pc, peristomial cirri; pe, peristomium; pr, prostomium.Scale bars:A, 0.2 mm; B, C, 0.1 mm." pageId="7">Figs 2</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="CA9C2A39FF91986CFD6A6B1CE422BF27" box="[1307,1373,1086,1107]" captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="9.[145,224,1724,1746]" captionTargetBox="[145,1425,195,1684]" captionTargetId="figure-27@9.[145,1425,195,1684]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="Figure 3. Ctenophoricola masanorii Paratype SEM. A, complete specimen, ventral view. B, anterior end, frontal view. C, anterior end, ventral view. D, parapodium of anterior region, ventral view. E, posterior region, ventral view. F, parapodia of posterior region, ventral view. Abbreviations: 1, 2 or 3pa, first, second or third parapodium; ch, chaetae; m, mouth; p, palp; pc, peristomial cirri; pe, peristomium; pr, prostomium; vl, ventral lobe. Scale bars: A, 500 µm; B, F, 100 µm, C, 200 µm; D, 50 µm; E, 300 µm." pageId="7">3A–D</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="CA9C2A39FF91986CFD1A6B1CE4F2BF27" box="[1387,1421,1086,1107]" captionStart="Figure 4" captionStartId="10.[163,244,1724,1746]" captionTargetBox="[163,1443,195,1684]" captionTargetId="figure-28@10.[163,1443,195,1684]" captionTargetPageId="10" captionText="Figure 4. Ctenophoricola masanorii Paratype SEM. A, parapodium of posterior region, ventral view. B, anterior end, dorsal view. C, detail of prostomium and peristomium, dorsal view. D, anterior end, frontal view. E, parapodia, anterior region, dorsal view. Abbreviations: 1 pa, first parapodium; ch, chaetae; dl, dorsal lobe; eph, everted pharynx; p, palp; pa, parapodium; pc, peristomial cirri; pe, peristomium; pr, prostomium; vl, ventral lobe. Scale bars: A, C, E, 50 µm; B, D, 100 µm." pageId="7">4B</figureCitation>
|
||
, D-E), with a small, indistinct, rounded, dorsal lobe, densely covered by cilia (
|
||
<figureCitation id="CA9C2A39FF91986CFC366B59E5E6BFE5" box="[1095,1177,1147,1169]" captionStart="Figure 4" captionStartId="10.[163,244,1724,1746]" captionTargetBox="[163,1443,195,1684]" captionTargetId="figure-28@10.[163,1443,195,1684]" captionTargetPageId="10" captionText="Figure 4. Ctenophoricola masanorii Paratype SEM. A, parapodium of posterior region, ventral view. B, anterior end, dorsal view. C, detail of prostomium and peristomium, dorsal view. D, anterior end, frontal view. E, parapodia, anterior region, dorsal view. Abbreviations: 1 pa, first parapodium; ch, chaetae; dl, dorsal lobe; eph, everted pharynx; p, palp; pa, parapodium; pc, peristomial cirri; pe, peristomium; pr, prostomium; vl, ventral lobe. Scale bars: A, C, E, 50 µm; B, D, 100 µm." pageId="7">Fig. 4E</figureCitation>
|
||
); ventral lobe similar (
|
||
<figureCitation id="CA9C2A39FF91986CFB436BB8E2F4BFDB" box="[818,907,1178,1200]" captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="9.[145,224,1724,1746]" captionTargetBox="[145,1425,195,1684]" captionTargetId="figure-27@9.[145,1425,195,1684]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="Figure 3. Ctenophoricola masanorii Paratype SEM. A, complete specimen, ventral view. B, anterior end, frontal view. C, anterior end, ventral view. D, parapodium of anterior region, ventral view. E, posterior region, ventral view. F, parapodia of posterior region, ventral view. Abbreviations: 1, 2 or 3pa, first, second or third parapodium; ch, chaetae; m, mouth; p, palp; pc, peristomial cirri; pe, peristomium; pr, prostomium; vl, ventral lobe. Scale bars: A, 500 µm; B, F, 100 µm, C, 200 µm; D, 50 µm; E, 300 µm." pageId="7">Fig. 3D</figureCitation>
|
||
); most anterior parapodia laterofrontally directed (
|
||
<figureCitation id="CA9C2A39FF91986CFBD06B9BE291BFBA" box="[929,1006,1209,1231]" captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="8.[163,239,1810,1832]" captionTargetBox="[226,1379,196,1769]" captionTargetId="figure-27@8.[225,1380,195,1770]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="Figure 2. Ctenophoricola masanorii A, holotype, complete specimen, dorsal view. B, holotype, anterior end detail, ventral view. C, paratype, anterior end detail, dorsal view.Abbreviations: 1pa, first parapodium; a, acicula; dt, digestive tract; e, eye; eph, everted pharynx; g, embryos or gonads; p, palps; pc, peristomial cirri; pe, peristomium; pr, prostomium.Scale bars:A, 0.2 mm; B, C, 0.1 mm." pageId="7">Figs 2</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="CA9C2A39FF91986CFB8E6B9BE53BBFBA" box="[1023,1092,1209,1230]" captionStart="Figure 4" captionStartId="10.[163,244,1724,1746]" captionTargetBox="[163,1443,195,1684]" captionTargetId="figure-28@10.[163,1443,195,1684]" captionTargetPageId="10" captionText="Figure 4. Ctenophoricola masanorii Paratype SEM. A, parapodium of posterior region, ventral view. B, anterior end, dorsal view. C, detail of prostomium and peristomium, dorsal view. D, anterior end, frontal view. E, parapodia, anterior region, dorsal view. Abbreviations: 1 pa, first parapodium; ch, chaetae; dl, dorsal lobe; eph, everted pharynx; p, palp; pa, parapodium; pc, peristomial cirri; pe, peristomium; pr, prostomium; vl, ventral lobe. Scale bars: A, C, E, 50 µm; B, D, 100 µm." pageId="7">4B, D</figureCitation>
|
||
). Posterior region with 15 segments, distinctly wider than those of anterior region; sometimes with distinct clusters of large cells in larger individuals (
|
||
<figureCitation id="CA9C2A39FF91986CFC5D6A37E5FFBE5E" box="[1068,1152,1301,1323]" captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="8.[163,239,1810,1832]" captionTargetBox="[226,1379,196,1769]" captionTargetId="figure-27@8.[225,1380,195,1770]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="Figure 2. Ctenophoricola masanorii A, holotype, complete specimen, dorsal view. B, holotype, anterior end detail, ventral view. C, paratype, anterior end detail, dorsal view.Abbreviations: 1pa, first parapodium; a, acicula; dt, digestive tract; e, eye; eph, everted pharynx; g, embryos or gonads; p, palps; pc, peristomial cirri; pe, peristomium; pr, prostomium.Scale bars:A, 0.2 mm; B, C, 0.1 mm." pageId="7">Fig. 2A</figureCitation>
|
||
); parapodia larger and longer with internal slender acicula and a fascicle of few, thin capillary chaetae; dorsal and ventral lobes distinctly enlarged (
|
||
<figureCitation id="CA9C2A39FF91986CFC106A53E5C3BEF2" box="[1121,1212,1393,1415]" captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="8.[163,239,1810,1832]" captionTargetBox="[226,1379,196,1769]" captionTargetId="figure-27@8.[225,1380,195,1770]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="Figure 2. Ctenophoricola masanorii A, holotype, complete specimen, dorsal view. B, holotype, anterior end detail, ventral view. C, paratype, anterior end detail, dorsal view.Abbreviations: 1pa, first parapodium; a, acicula; dt, digestive tract; e, eye; eph, everted pharynx; g, embryos or gonads; p, palps; pc, peristomial cirri; pe, peristomium; pr, prostomium.Scale bars:A, 0.2 mm; B, C, 0.1 mm." pageId="7">Figs 2A</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="CA9C2A39FF91986CFCBA6A53E593BEF2" box="[1227,1260,1393,1414]" captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="9.[145,224,1724,1746]" captionTargetBox="[145,1425,195,1684]" captionTargetId="figure-27@9.[145,1425,195,1684]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="Figure 3. Ctenophoricola masanorii Paratype SEM. A, complete specimen, ventral view. B, anterior end, frontal view. C, anterior end, ventral view. D, parapodium of anterior region, ventral view. E, posterior region, ventral view. F, parapodia of posterior region, ventral view. Abbreviations: 1, 2 or 3pa, first, second or third parapodium; ch, chaetae; m, mouth; p, palp; pc, peristomial cirri; pe, peristomium; pr, prostomium; vl, ventral lobe. Scale bars: A, 500 µm; B, F, 100 µm, C, 200 µm; D, 50 µm; E, 300 µm." pageId="7">3A</figureCitation>
|
||
, E-F, 4A) and lateroposteriorly directed. Gut straight, visible through body wall, distinctly wider in posterior region (
|
||
<figureCitation id="CA9C2A39FF91986CFB436AEFE2F2BE96" box="[818,909,1485,1507]" captionStart="Figure 1" captionStartId="6.[163,245,1670,1692]" captionText="Figure 1. Phylogenetic tree obtained from BI analysis of concatenated data set (18S, 28S, 16S and COI) showing C. masanorii clearly within the Phyllodocidae and specifically as part of the Alciopini. Holopelagic clades are indicated with a star. Dotted lines point out supported clades that agree with recent studies in the family Phyllodocidae (Leiva et al., 2018). Numbers above branches indicate posterior probability (PP) support values (only PP ≥ 0.95 are indicated); numbers below branches indicate bootstrap support (BS) values (only BS> 75% are indicated); red asterisks indicate discrepancy between BI and ML analyses (see also Supporting Information, Fig. S1). The scale bar represents the number of nucleotide substitutions per site." pageId="7">Figs 1A</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="CA9C2A39FF91986CFBEC6AEFE2D6BE97" box="[925,937,1485,1507]" captionStart="Figure 5" captionStartId="11.[145,225,1606,1628]" captionTargetBox="[305,1265,195,1566]" captionTargetId="figure-113@11.[305,1265,195,1566]" captionTargetPageId="11" captionText="Figure 5. Ctenophoricola masanorii, live specimen micrographs. Three specimens on a ctenophore: (A) on Be. campana, (B) on Bo. mikado. C-D, complete specimens, dorsal view. E, detail of two specimens on a comb jelly. Abbreviations: e, eye; p, palp. Scale bars: A, B, 5 mm." pageId="7">5</figureCitation>
|
||
C-D). Pygidium small with two rounded, short anal cirri.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="521836BCFF919860FB586912E2DABD84" blockId="7.[809,1425,1583,1912]" lastBlockId="11.[809,1424,1723,1776]" lastPageId="11" pageId="7">
|
||
<emphasis id="60D3EAAEFF91986CFB586912E45FBD31" box="[809,1312,1583,1605]" italics="true" pageId="7">Description of smallest individuals:</emphasis>
|
||
Minute specimens (
|
||
<emphasis id="60D3EAAEFF91986CFBDE696DE2C5BD10" box="[943,954,1615,1636]" italics="true" pageId="7">c</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<quantity id="955F9B59FF91986CFBB6696CE554BD10" box="[967,1067,1614,1636]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.3" pageId="7" unit="mm" value="0.33">0.33 mm</quantity>
|
||
long), showing slightly bilobed prostomium, non-perceptible palps and a welldefined peristomium, with no sign of peristomial cirri. Anterior region with
|
||
<emphasis id="60D3EAAEFF91986CFC006989E503BDB4" box="[1137,1148,1707,1728]" italics="true" pageId="7">c</emphasis>
|
||
. seven segments, with parapodia similar to those of adults; posterior region as a triangular bud showing traces of segments, but lacking parapodia. Gut is fully developed. External eyes not detectable (
|
||
<figureCitation id="CA9C2A39FF91986CFC5C6807E5F9BC4F" box="[1069,1158,1829,1851]" captionStart="Figure 6" captionStartId="12.[163,242,1226,1248]" captionTargetBox="[170,1440,198,1183]" captionTargetId="figure-222@12.[163,1443,195,1186]" captionTargetPageId="12" captionText="Figure 6. Ctenophoricola masanorii specimens, dorsal view. A, smallest specimen. B, larger specimen developing eyes. C, large complete specimen. Scale bars: A, 0.05 mm; B, 0.1 mm; C, 0.2 mm." pageId="7">Fig. 6A</figureCitation>
|
||
). Specimens of
|
||
<emphasis id="60D3EAAEFF91986CFD3E6807E425BC4E" box="[1359,1370,1829,1850]" italics="true" pageId="7">c</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<quantity id="955F9B59FF91986CFD1D6807E22ABC2D" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.0" pageId="7" unit="mm" value="0.5">0.5 mm</quantity>
|
||
are similar to the samallest ones (i.e.
|
||
<quantity id="955F9B59FF91986CFD6D6866E4FBBC2D" box="[1308,1412,1860,1881]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.3" pageId="7" unit="mm" value="0.33">0.33 mm</quantity>
|
||
), with a more developed posterior region and distinct segments, but still lacking parapodia and traces of internal eyes (
|
||
<figureCitation id="CA9C2A39FF9D9860F94969F8E0EFBD84" box="[312,400,1754,1776]" captionStart="Figure 6" captionStartId="12.[163,242,1226,1248]" captionTargetBox="[170,1440,198,1183]" captionTargetId="figure-222@12.[163,1443,195,1186]" captionTargetPageId="12" captionText="Figure 6. Ctenophoricola masanorii specimens, dorsal view. A, smallest specimen. B, larger specimen developing eyes. C, large complete specimen. Scale bars: A, 0.05 mm; B, 0.1 mm; C, 0.2 mm." pageId="11">Figs 6B</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="CA9C2A39FF9D9860F9EC69F8E0D4BD9B" box="[413,427,1754,1775]" captionStart="Figure 7" captionStartId="12.[163,241,1693,1715]" captionTargetBox="[163,784,1313,1653]" captionTargetId="figure-254@12.[163,784,1313,1653]" captionTargetPageId="12" captionText="Figure 7. Ctenophoricola masanorii collected from a single host arranged from small (left) to large (right) specimens. Scale bar 0.1 mm." pageId="11">7</figureCitation>
|
||
middle). Specimens of
|
||
<emphasis id="60D3EAAEFF9D9860FACC69F9E3B7BD84" box="[701,712,1755,1776]" italics="true" pageId="11">c</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<quantity id="955F9B59FF9D9860FAA769F8E1C0BC7A" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.2" pageId="11" unit="mm" value="1.2">1.2 mm</quantity>
|
||
, are more similar to the largest ones (adults?), with well-developed posterior parapodia, and yellowish internal eyes, but with posterior region (
|
||
<figureCitation id="CA9C2A39FF9D9860FAF06814E3A2BC38" box="[641,733,1846,1868]" captionStart="Figure 6" captionStartId="12.[163,242,1226,1248]" captionTargetBox="[170,1440,198,1183]" captionTargetId="figure-222@12.[163,1443,195,1186]" captionTargetPageId="12" captionText="Figure 6. Ctenophoricola masanorii specimens, dorsal view. A, smallest specimen. B, larger specimen developing eyes. C, large complete specimen. Scale bars: A, 0.05 mm; B, 0.1 mm; C, 0.2 mm." pageId="11">Figs 6C</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="CA9C2A39FF9D9860FA9A6814E386BC3F" box="[747,761,1846,1867]" captionStart="Figure 7" captionStartId="12.[163,241,1693,1715]" captionTargetBox="[163,784,1313,1653]" captionTargetId="figure-254@12.[163,784,1313,1653]" captionTargetPageId="12" captionText="Figure 7. Ctenophoricola masanorii collected from a single host arranged from small (left) to large (right) specimens. Scale bar 0.1 mm." pageId="11">7</figureCitation>
|
||
right, Supporting Information, Movie S3) not as distinct as in the largest specimens (adults?) parapodia.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption id="06D86634FF9E9863F8D26830E4DBBC17" pageId="8" startId="8.[163,239,1810,1832]" targetBox="[226,1379,196,1769]" targetPageId="8">
|
||
<paragraph id="521836BCFF9E9863F8D26830E4DBBC17" blockId="8.[163,1444,1810,1891]" pageId="8">
|
||
<emphasis id="60D3EAAEFF9E9863F8D26830E079BC53" bold="true" box="[163,262,1810,1832]" pageId="8">Figure 2.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="95A74D3FFF9E9863F9616830E36DBC5C" authorityName="Martín & Álvarez-Campos & Kondo & Núñez & Fernández-Álamo & Pleijel & Goetz & Nygren & Osborn" authorityYear="2021" box="[272,530,1810,1832]" class="Polychaeta" family="Phyllodocidae" genus="Ctenophoricola" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phyllodocida" pageId="8" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="masanorii">
|
||
<emphasis id="60D3EAAEFF9E9863F9616830E36DBC5C" box="[272,530,1810,1832]" italics="true" pageId="8">Ctenophoricola masanorii</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
A, holotype, complete specimen, dorsal view. B, holotype, anterior end detail, ventral view. C, paratype, anterior end detail, dorsal view. Abbreviations: 1pa, first parapodium; a, acicula; dt, digestive tract; e, eye; eph, everted pharynx; g, embryos or gonads; p, palps; pc, peristomial cirri; pe, peristomium; pr, prostomium. Scale bars: A, 0.2 mm; B, C, 0.1 mm.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<caption id="06D86634FF9F9862F8E0699EE034BC33" pageId="9" startId="9.[145,224,1724,1746]" targetBox="[145,1425,195,1684]" targetPageId="9">
|
||
<paragraph id="521836BCFF9F9862F8E0699EE034BC33" blockId="9.[145,1425,1724,1863]" pageId="9">
|
||
<emphasis id="60D3EAAEFF9F9862F8E0699EE185BDA5" bold="true" box="[145,250,1724,1746]" pageId="9">Figure 3.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="95A74D3FFF9F9862F977699EE367BDA6" authorityName="Martín & Álvarez-Campos & Kondo & Núñez & Fernández-Álamo & Pleijel & Goetz & Nygren & Osborn" authorityYear="2021" box="[262,536,1724,1746]" class="Polychaeta" family="Phyllodocidae" genus="Ctenophoricola" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phyllodocida" pageId="9" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="masanorii">
|
||
<emphasis id="60D3EAAEFF9F9862F977699EE367BDA6" box="[262,536,1724,1746]" italics="true" pageId="9">Ctenophoricola masanorii</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
Paratype SEM. A, complete specimen, ventral view. B, anterior end, frontal view. C, anterior end, ventral view. D, parapodium of anterior region, ventral view. E, posterior region, ventral view. F, parapodia of posterior region, ventral view. Abbreviations: 1, 2 or 3pa, first, second or third parapodium; ch, chaetae; m, mouth; p, palp; pc, peristomial cirri; pe, peristomium; pr, prostomium; vl, ventral lobe. Scale bars: A, 500 µm; B, F, 100 µm, C, 200 µm; D, 50 µm; E, 300 µm.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<caption id="06D86634FF9C9861F8D2699EE4DCBC5E" pageId="10" startId="10.[163,244,1724,1746]" targetBox="[163,1443,195,1684]" targetPageId="10">
|
||
<paragraph id="521836BCFF9C9861F8D2699EE4DCBC5E" blockId="10.[163,1443,1724,1834]" pageId="10">
|
||
<emphasis id="60D3EAAEFF9C9861F8D2699EE070BDA5" bold="true" box="[163,271,1724,1746]" pageId="10">Figure 4.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="95A74D3FFF9C9861F96A699EE34BBDA6" authorityName="Martín & Álvarez-Campos & Kondo & Núñez & Fernández-Álamo & Pleijel & Goetz & Nygren & Osborn" authorityYear="2021" box="[283,564,1724,1746]" class="Polychaeta" family="Phyllodocidae" genus="Ctenophoricola" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phyllodocida" pageId="10" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="masanorii">
|
||
<emphasis id="60D3EAAEFF9C9861F96A699EE34BBDA6" box="[283,564,1724,1746]" italics="true" pageId="10">Ctenophoricola masanorii</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
Paratype SEM. A, parapodium of posterior region, ventral view. B, anterior end, dorsal view. C, detail of prostomium and peristomium, dorsal view. D, anterior end, frontal view. E, parapodia, anterior region, dorsal view. Abbreviations: 1 pa, first parapodium; ch, chaetae; dl, dorsal lobe; eph, everted pharynx; p, palp; pa, parapodium; pc, peristomial cirri; pe, peristomium; pr, prostomium; vl, ventral lobe. Scale bars: A, C, E, 50 µm; B, D, 100 µm.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<caption id="06D86634FF9D9860F8E06964E0C5BDE3" pageId="11" startId="11.[145,225,1606,1628]" targetBox="[305,1265,195,1566]" targetPageId="11">
|
||
<paragraph id="521836BCFF9D9860F8E06964E0C5BDE3" blockId="11.[145,1424,1606,1687]" pageId="11">
|
||
<emphasis id="60D3EAAEFF9D9860F8E06964E184BD28" bold="true" box="[145,251,1606,1628]" pageId="11">Figure 5.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="95A74D3FFF9D9860F9776964E366BD28" authorityName="Martín & Álvarez-Campos & Kondo & Núñez & Fernández-Álamo & Pleijel & Goetz & Nygren & Osborn" authorityYear="2021" box="[262,537,1606,1628]" class="Polychaeta" family="Phyllodocidae" genus="Ctenophoricola" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phyllodocida" pageId="11" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="masanorii">
|
||
<emphasis id="60D3EAAEFF9D9860F9776964E366BD28" box="[262,537,1606,1628]" italics="true" pageId="11">Ctenophoricola masanorii</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, live specimen micrographs. Three specimens on a ctenophore: (A) on
|
||
<emphasis id="60D3EAAEFF9D9860FD726965E4F5BD28" box="[1283,1418,1607,1628]" italics="true" pageId="11">
|
||
Be.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="95A74D3FFF9D9860FD586965E4F5BD28" authorityName="Komai" authorityYear="1918" box="[1321,1418,1607,1628]" class="Nuda" family="Beroidae" genus="Beroe" kingdom="Animalia" order="Beroida" pageId="11" phylum="Ctenophora" rank="species" species="campana">campana</taxonomicName>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
, (B) on
|
||
<emphasis id="60D3EAAEFF9D9860F8A76946E02FBD0E" box="[214,336,1636,1658]" italics="true" pageId="11">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="95A74D3FFF9D9860F8A76946E032BD0E" authorityName="Moser" authorityYear="1908" box="[214,333,1636,1658]" class="Tentaculata" family="Bolinopsidae" genus="Bolinopsis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lobata" pageId="11" phylum="Ctenophora" rank="species" species="mikado">Bo. mikado</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
C-D, complete specimens, dorsal view. E, detail of two specimens on a comb jelly. Abbreviations: e, eye; p, palp. Scale bars: A, B, 5 mm.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph id="521836BCFF9D9867FB58683BE5CDBE2B" blockId="11.[809,1424,1817,1900]" lastBlockId="12.[827,1444,1322,1896]" lastPageId="12" pageId="11">
|
||
<emphasis id="60D3EAAEFF9D9860FB58683BE59CBC5A" box="[809,1251,1817,1838]" italics="true" pageId="11">
|
||
Behaviour:
|
||
<taxonomicName id="95A74D3FFF9D9860FBC5683BE59CBC5A" authorityName="Martín & Álvarez-Campos & Kondo & Núñez & Fernández-Álamo & Pleijel & Goetz & Nygren & Osborn" authorityYear="2021" box="[948,1251,1817,1838]" class="Polychaeta" family="Phyllodocidae" genus="Ctenophoricola" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phyllodocida" pageId="11" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="masanorii">Ctenophoricola masanorii</taxonomicName>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
were observed feeding directly on the surface of the host by everting their pharynx and sucking from the epithelia and underlying mesoglea. They triggered a contraction of the affected area (Supporting Information, Movie S3) similar to that caused by the movement of other parasites (Supporting Information, Movie S2), suggesting they disturb the host.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption id="06D86634FF9A9867F8D26BE8E2F1BF8A" pageId="12" startId="12.[163,242,1226,1248]" targetBox="[170,1440,198,1183]" targetPageId="12">
|
||
<paragraph id="521836BCFF9A9867F8D26BE8E2F1BF8A" blockId="12.[163,1442,1226,1278]" pageId="12">
|
||
<emphasis id="60D3EAAEFF9A9867F8D26BE8E073BFAB" bold="true" box="[163,268,1226,1248]" pageId="12">Figure 6.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="95A74D3FFF9A9867F9666BE8E358BF94" authorityName="Martín & Álvarez-Campos & Kondo & Núñez & Fernández-Álamo & Pleijel & Goetz & Nygren & Osborn" authorityYear="2021" box="[279,551,1226,1248]" class="Polychaeta" family="Phyllodocidae" genus="Ctenophoricola" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phyllodocida" pageId="12" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="masanorii">
|
||
<emphasis id="60D3EAAEFF9A9867F9666BE8E358BF94" box="[279,551,1226,1248]" italics="true" pageId="12">Ctenophoricola masanorii</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
specimens, dorsal view. A, smallest specimen. B, larger specimen developing eyes. C, large complete specimen. Scale bars: A, 0.05 mm; B, 0.1 mm; C, 0.2 mm.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph id="521836BCFF9A9866FB226A45E051BAE7" blockId="12.[827,1444,1322,1896]" lastBlockId="13.[145,761,197,403]" lastPageId="13" pageId="12">
|
||
Locomotion of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="95A74D3FFF9A9867FB816A4AE504BE09" authorityName="Martín & Álvarez-Campos & Kondo & Núñez & Fernández-Álamo & Pleijel & Goetz & Nygren & Osborn" authorityYear="2021" box="[1008,1147,1384,1405]" class="Polychaeta" family="Phyllodocidae" genus="Ctenophoricola" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phyllodocida" pageId="12" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="masanorii">
|
||
<emphasis id="60D3EAAEFF9A9867FB816A4AE504BE09" box="[1008,1147,1384,1405]" italics="true" pageId="12">C. masanorii</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
results from accordion-like contractions and extensions in which the anterior region extends, attaches to the ctenophore surface by parapodia and then is slowly contracted pulling the posterior region forward (Supporting Information, Movies S1 and S3). The worms were observed extending the anterior region out away from the host while the posterior region was still attached (Supporting Information, Movies S1 and S3), either to explore all of the available host surface before choosing a direction to head in or to find new hosts. Three specimens that may be regenerating or juvenile and subadult forms, appeared on the same ctenophore as adults (
|
||
<figureCitation id="CA9C2A39FF9A9867FBC669F5E564BD99" box="[951,1051,1751,1773]" captionStart-0="Figure 6" captionStart-1="Figure 7" captionStartId-0="12.[163,242,1226,1248]" captionStartId-1="12.[163,241,1693,1715]" captionTargetBox-0="[170,1440,198,1183]" captionTargetBox-1="[163,784,1313,1653]" captionTargetId-0="figure-222@12.[163,1443,195,1186]" captionTargetId-1="figure-254@12.[163,784,1313,1653]" captionTargetPageId-0="12" captionTargetPageId-1="12" captionText-0="Figure 6. Ctenophoricola masanorii specimens, dorsal view. A, smallest specimen. B, larger specimen developing eyes. C, large complete specimen. Scale bars: A, 0.05 mm; B, 0.1 mm; C, 0.2 mm." captionText-1="Figure 7. Ctenophoricola masanorii collected from a single host arranged from small (left) to large (right) specimens. Scale bar 0.1 mm." pageId="12">Figs 6–7</figureCitation>
|
||
); early (
|
||
<figureCitation id="CA9C2A39FF9A9867FC0E69F5E5A5BD99" box="[1151,1242,1751,1773]" captionStart="Figure 6" captionStartId="12.[163,242,1226,1248]" captionTargetBox="[170,1440,198,1183]" captionTargetId="figure-222@12.[163,1443,195,1186]" captionTargetPageId="12" captionText="Figure 6. Ctenophoricola masanorii specimens, dorsal view. A, smallest specimen. B, larger specimen developing eyes. C, large complete specimen. Scale bars: A, 0.05 mm; B, 0.1 mm; C, 0.2 mm." pageId="12">Figs 6A</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="CA9C2A39FF9A9867FC9969FAE589BD99" box="[1256,1270,1752,1773]" captionStart="Figure 7" captionStartId="12.[163,241,1693,1715]" captionTargetBox="[163,784,1313,1653]" captionTargetId="figure-254@12.[163,784,1313,1653]" captionTargetPageId="12" captionText="Figure 7. Ctenophoricola masanorii collected from a single host arranged from small (left) to large (right) specimens. Scale bar 0.1 mm." pageId="12">7</figureCitation>
|
||
left) and later (
|
||
<figureCitation id="CA9C2A39FF9A9867FB3269D4E2EABC78" box="[835,917,1782,1804]" captionStart="Figure 6" captionStartId="12.[163,242,1226,1248]" captionTargetBox="[170,1440,198,1183]" captionTargetId="figure-222@12.[163,1443,195,1186]" captionTargetPageId="12" captionText="Figure 6. Ctenophoricola masanorii specimens, dorsal view. A, smallest specimen. B, larger specimen developing eyes. C, large complete specimen. Scale bars: A, 0.05 mm; B, 0.1 mm; C, 0.2 mm." pageId="12">Fig. 6B</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="CA9C2A39FF9A9867FBD269D4E2CEBC7F" box="[931,945,1782,1803]" captionStart="Figure 7" captionStartId="12.[163,241,1693,1715]" captionTargetBox="[163,784,1313,1653]" captionTargetId="figure-254@12.[163,784,1313,1653]" captionTargetPageId="12" captionText="Figure 7. Ctenophoricola masanorii collected from a single host arranged from small (left) to large (right) specimens. Scale bar 0.1 mm." pageId="12">7</figureCitation>
|
||
middle) regenerating/juveniles were found together with a specimen almost identical to the adult (i.e. subadult,
|
||
<figureCitation id="CA9C2A39FF9A9867FBA96811E552BC3D" box="[984,1069,1843,1865]" captionStart="Figure 6" captionStartId="12.[163,242,1226,1248]" captionTargetBox="[170,1440,198,1183]" captionTargetId="figure-222@12.[163,1443,195,1186]" captionTargetPageId="12" captionText="Figure 6. Ctenophoricola masanorii specimens, dorsal view. A, smallest specimen. B, larger specimen developing eyes. C, large complete specimen. Scale bars: A, 0.05 mm; B, 0.1 mm; C, 0.2 mm." pageId="12">Figs 6C</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="CA9C2A39FF9A9867FC4B6816E537BC3D" box="[1082,1096,1844,1865]" captionStart="Figure 7" captionStartId="12.[163,241,1693,1715]" captionTargetBox="[163,784,1313,1653]" captionTargetId="figure-254@12.[163,784,1313,1653]" captionTargetPageId="12" captionText="Figure 7. Ctenophoricola masanorii collected from a single host arranged from small (left) to large (right) specimens. Scale bar 0.1 mm." pageId="12">7</figureCitation>
|
||
right, Supporting Information, Movie S2). These small specimens seemed to have limited capacities either to maintain their attachment to the host or to float in the water column (Supporting Information, Movie S2). Thus, we suggest that some of these small specimens are able to hold on the same as the largest forms, whereas others detach and drift either until they encounter another host or they die in the water column.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption id="06D86634FF9A9867F8D269BFE020BD99" pageId="12" startId="12.[163,241,1693,1715]" targetBox="[163,784,1313,1653]" targetPageId="12">
|
||
<paragraph id="521836BCFF9A9867F8D269BFE020BD99" blockId="12.[163,780,1693,1773]" pageId="12">
|
||
<emphasis id="60D3EAAEFF9A9867F8D269BFE076BDC6" bold="true" box="[163,265,1693,1715]" pageId="12">Figure 7.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="95A74D3FFF9A9867F96569BFE35DBDC7" authorityName="Martín & Álvarez-Campos & Kondo & Núñez & Fernández-Álamo & Pleijel & Goetz & Nygren & Osborn" authorityYear="2021" box="[276,546,1693,1715]" class="Polychaeta" family="Phyllodocidae" genus="Ctenophoricola" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phyllodocida" pageId="12" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="masanorii">
|
||
<emphasis id="60D3EAAEFF9A9867F96569BFE35DBDC7" box="[276,546,1693,1715]" italics="true" pageId="12">Ctenophoricola masanorii</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
collected from a single host arranged from small (left) to large (right) specimens. Scale bar 0.1 mm.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph id="521836BCFF9B9866F8E06E9EE3AEBAA5" blockId="13.[145,721,444,466]" box="[145,721,444,466]" pageId="13">
|
||
<materialsCitation id="E2CF3CE1FF9B9866F8E06E9EE3B2BAA5" box="[145,717,444,466]" country="Japan" location="South-east Enoshima Island" pageId="13" specimenCount="1" typeStatus="holotype">
|
||
<emphasis id="60D3EAAEFF9B9866F8E06E9EE058BAA5" box="[145,295,444,465]" italics="true" pageId="13">
|
||
<typeStatus id="8D1C881EFF9B9866F8E06E9EE1B9BAA5" box="[145,198,444,465]" pageId="13">Type</typeStatus>
|
||
locality:
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
<location id="57786067FF9B9866F9426E9EE306BAA6" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:DA0E87AAFF919866F8AC6B38E46ABA6C:57786067FF9B9866F9426E9EE306BAA6" box="[307,633,444,466]" country="Japan" name="South-east Enoshima Island" pageId="13">South-east Enoshima Island</location>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="2AB0762CFF9B9866FAF56E9EE3B2BAA5" box="[644,717,444,465]" name="Japan" pageId="13">Japan</collectingCountry>
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="521836BCFF9B9866F8E06ED2E089B937" blockId="13.[145,760,496,579]" pageId="13">
|
||
<emphasis id="60D3EAAEFF9B9866F8E06ED2E0A9B971" box="[145,470,496,517]" italics="true" pageId="13">Habitat and distribution:</emphasis>
|
||
On the surface of the ctenophores
|
||
<taxonomicName id="95A74D3FFF9B9866F96E6D2DE0E2B957" authorityName="Moser" authorityYear="1908" box="[287,413,526,548]" class="Tentaculata" family="Bolinopsidae" genus="Bolinopsis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lobata" pageId="13" phylum="Ctenophora" rank="species" species="mikado">
|
||
<emphasis id="60D3EAAEFF9B9866F96E6D2DE0E2B957" box="[287,413,526,548]" italics="true" pageId="13">Bo. mikado</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<emphasis id="60D3EAAEFF9B9866F9A56D2DE313B950" box="[468,620,527,548]" italics="true" pageId="13">
|
||
Be.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="95A74D3FFF9B9866F98D6D2DE317B950" authorityName="Komai" authorityYear="1918" box="[508,616,527,548]" class="Nuda" family="Beroidae" genus="Beroe" kingdom="Animalia" order="Beroida" pageId="13" phylum="Ctenophora" rank="species" species="campana">campana</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
Known only from the
|
||
<typeStatus id="8D1C881EFF9B9866F8886D0CE055B937" box="[249,298,558,579]" pageId="13">type</typeStatus>
|
||
locality in
|
||
<collectingCountry id="2AB0762CFF9B9866F9D86D0CE08DB937" box="[425,498,558,579]" name="Japan" pageId="13">Japan</collectingCountry>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="521836BCFF9B9866F8E06D43E46ABA6C" blockId="13.[145,761,609,692]" lastBlockId="13.[809,1424,197,280]" pageId="13">
|
||
<emphasis id="60D3EAAEFF9B9866F8E06D43E06EB902" box="[145,273,609,630]" italics="true" pageId="13">Etymology:</emphasis>
|
||
The species is named after Dr Masanori Sato, from
|
||
<collectingRegion id="9063F85EFF9B9866F9636DA2E0E9B9E2" box="[274,406,640,662]" country="Japan" name="Kagoshima" pageId="13">Kagoshima</collectingRegion>
|
||
University, a well-known and enthusiastic polychaetologist, who sent the specimens of the new species, together with the pictures and videos, and also provided the co-first authors with numerous and valuable syllids from
|
||
<collectingCountry id="2AB0762CFF9B9866FCB96E21E46EBA6C" box="[1224,1297,259,280]" name="Japan" pageId="13">Japan</collectingCountry>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |