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728 lines
84 KiB
XML
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<mods:title id="F61B974C971ED8A3CAB5C7F3B2628A53">Taxonomic status and behavioural documentation of the troglobiont Lithobiusmatulici (Myriapoda, Chilopoda) from the Dinaric Alps: Are there semiaquatic centipedes in caves?</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="E48B728075BCF4DE96DD6DA76D4F5AFB">Danyi, Laszlo</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="97B41FCDF8477A66119059D738D16404">Balazs, Gergely</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="6C1B0B2C24F1AD8C7FA783D847F2A1BC">Tuf, Ivan Hadrian</mods:namePart>
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<mods:typeOfResource id="099686EB40F5B64FDE0444ACC2D39A5B">text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:date id="9E5B93D419D9FDC08B23302E0A8092DF">2019</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="7FD5DFB3447809D9654868EC24938F4E">848</mods:number>
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<treatment id="D9A7D148B641896B11A641075E70E882" ID-GBIF-Taxon="157232578" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:D9A7D148B641896B11A641075E70E882" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/D9A7D148B641896B11A641075E70E882" lastPageNumber="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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<taxonomicName id="565E92946123D972880435891E84F4A9" ID-CoL="3VJ2Y" authority="Verhoeff, 1899" authorityName="Verhoeff" authorityYear="1899" class="Chilopoda" family="Lithobiidae" genus="Lithobius" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Lithobius (Lithobius) matulici" order="Lithobiomorpha" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="matulici" subGenus="Lithobius">Lithobius (Lithobius) matulici Verhoeff, 1899</taxonomicName>
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</paragraph>
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<taxonomicName id="4777CEE5292A351E2498EB12309FB936" class="Chilopoda" family="Lithobiidae" genus="Lithobius" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Lithobius (Oligobothrus) Matulicii" order="Lithobiomorpha" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="Matulicii" subGenus="Oligobothrus">Lithobius (Oligobothrus) Matulicii</taxonomicName>
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[sic]
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<bibRefCitation id="72EEDAC3D598F227F572E927326BAF4E" author="Verhoeff, KW" journalOrPublisher="Verhandlungen der Zoologisch-Botanischen Gesellschaft in Wien" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="451 - 459" title="Beitraege zur Kenntnis palaearktischer Myriopoden, XI. Aufsatz: Neue und wenig bekannte Lithobiiden." url="https://doi.org/10.5962/bhl.part.24105" volume="49" year="1899">Verhoeff 1899</bibRefCitation>
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||
: 452, figs II, III, V (original description)
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||
</paragraph>
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||
<paragraph id="65CE6137CC4FC5806DC9EF428E4E092B" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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<taxonomicName id="D2E6975670C789ED6394C4F325645B6D" class="Chilopoda" family="Lithobiidae" genus="Lithobius" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Lithobius (Oligobothrus) Matulicii" order="Lithobiomorpha" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="Matulicii" subGenus="Oligobothrus">Lithobius (Oligobothrus) Matulicii</taxonomicName>
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[sic] Verhoeff:
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<bibRefCitation id="CBC55A0EA55F591633EC5E3FDF89E4B0" author="Verhoeff, KW" journalOrPublisher="Berliner entomologische Zeitschrift" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="153 - 179" title="Beitraege zur Kenntniss palaearktischer Myriopoden, XV. Aufsatz: Lithobiiden aus Bosnien, Herzogovina und Dalmatien." url="https://doi.org/10.1002/mmnd.47919000305" volume="45" year="1900">Verhoeff 1900</bibRefCitation>
|
||
: 158, 167 (in key; new data)
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||
</paragraph>
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||
<paragraph id="DB1DE74B08BE6EE41368522D0C92C39F" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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<taxonomicName id="8ABF5751A06747A9544F48E64C6C2256" class="Chilopoda" family="Lithobiidae" genus="Lithobius" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Lithobius (Lithobius) matulicii" order="Lithobiomorpha" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="matulicii" subGenus="Lithobius">Lithobius (Lithobius) matulicii</taxonomicName>
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[sic] Verhoeff:
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<bibRefCitation id="ACA73AB3283236E37FBD4C8A05D4AF85" author="Verhoeff, KW" journalOrPublisher="Archiv fuer Naturgeschichte" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="171 - 257" title="Chilopoden-Studien. Zur Kenntnis der Lithobiiden." volume="6" year="1937">Verhoeff 1937</bibRefCitation>
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: 196 (in key);
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<bibRefCitation id="B1061405091ACE02537E1174E580E597" author="Matic, Z" journalOrPublisher="Zoologischer Anzeiger" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="443 - 449" title="Beitraege zur Kenntnis der blinden Lithobius-Arten (Chilopoda-Myriapoda) Europas." volume="164" year="1960">Matic 1960</bibRefCitation>
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: 447 (in key)
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="110CFE3C7902ABBEE7A9AA61A3BF9D68" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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<taxonomicName id="0A4016B72B99EA5BCDC1432070FF1BE9" class="Chilopoda" family="Lithobiidae" genus="Lithobius" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Lithobius (Troglolithobius) matulicii" order="Lithobiomorpha" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="matulicii" subGenus="Troglolithobius">Lithobius (Troglolithobius) matulicii</taxonomicName>
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[sic] Verhoeff:
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<bibRefCitation id="BD79497EF88CDE7C5ADFC9A141AF4244" author="Matic, Z" journalOrPublisher="Fragmenta Entomologica" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="77 - 110" title="Contribution a la connaissance des Lithobiides, Scutigerides et Cryptopsides des grottes de l'Italie (Myriopoda)." volume="5" year="1967">Matic 1967</bibRefCitation>
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: 90 (erection of the new subgenus
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<taxonomicName id="512617FB774AAE9A301858ECE792910C" family="Lithobiidae" genus="Myriapoda" higherTaxonomySource="treatment-meta" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Myriapoda (Troglolithobius)" order="Lithobiomorpha" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="subGenus" subGenus="Troglolithobius">Troglolithobius</taxonomicName>
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);
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<bibRefCitation id="F0E15CB221E9FAC843FFDEE152CCA52C" author="Matic, Z" journalOrPublisher="Slovenska Akademia Znanosti in Umetnosti, Razred za Prirodoslovne in Medicinske Vede" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="201 - 229" title="Contributions a la connaissance des chilopodes de Yougoslavie." volume="11" year="1968">
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Matic and
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<normalizedToken id="733310D14D19B26DBE259CF2921E7B46" originalValue="Dărăbanţu">Dărăbantu</normalizedToken>
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1968
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</bibRefCitation>
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: 211, figs 4
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<normalizedToken id="A7A3E3391EE1E7A651230A1CD027AF8E" originalValue="a–">a-</normalizedToken>
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4g, tab. 4 (redescription);
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<bibRefCitation id="938A03046BCFD51909E382FF9B77B345" author="Lewis, JGE" journalOrPublisher="Cambridge University Press, Cambridge" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" title="The Biology of Centipedes." url="https://doi.org/10.1017/CBO9780511565649" year="1981">Lewis 1981</bibRefCitation>
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: 106 (mentions enlarged
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<normalizedToken id="93540FEDD7F6283F1C359E98811978FE" originalValue="Tömösváry">Toemoesvary</normalizedToken>
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organ);
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<bibRefCitation id="132D75E2BC9E14A16542FF626DA8BDDC" author="Kos, I" journalOrPublisher="Berichte des naturwissenschaftlichen-medizinischen Verein Innsbruck, Supplement" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="353 - 360" title="A review of the taxonomy, geographical distribution and ecology of the centipedes of Yugoslavia (Myriapoda, Chilopoda)." volume="10" year="1992">Kos 1992</bibRefCitation>
|
||
: 357 (in list)
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||
</paragraph>
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||
<paragraph id="1D2A36F57A01D0A14B901711DC0B80A0" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4CCF1A4694A817D6748A692935042291" class="Chilopoda" family="Lithobiidae" genus="Lithobius" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Lithobius" order="Lithobiomorpha" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Lithobius</taxonomicName>
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(s.s.)
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<taxonomicName id="195F874289406262D2D86126D6E74E73" family="Lithobiidae" genus="Myriapoda" higherTaxonomySource="treatment-meta" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Myriapoda matulici" order="Lithobiomorpha" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="matulici">matulici</taxonomicName>
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Verhoeff:
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<bibRefCitation id="9C36C4E9B12ADE1F95B0CBB9BF48133E" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
<normalizedToken id="FA9488782BE811FDFE807CBFB8622189" originalValue="Folkmanová">Folkmanova</normalizedToken>
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1946
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</bibRefCitation>
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: 64 (in key, emendation);
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<bibRefCitation id="5233939752A4E31F51259C7F3E123CD8" author="Stoev, P" journalOrPublisher="Entomologica Scandinavica, Supplement" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="87 - 105" title="A check-list of the centipedes of the Balkan peninsula with some taxonomic notes and a complete bibliography (Chilopoda)." volume="51" year="1997">Stoev 1997</bibRefCitation>
|
||
: 90 (synonymisation of
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<taxonomicName id="1E576EED8D381F6618415AEAD1DB3114" class="Chilopoda" family="Lithobiidae" genus="Troglolithobius" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Troglolithobius" order="Lithobiomorpha" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Troglolithobius</taxonomicName>
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);
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<bibRefCitation id="C958829D47D9D8A4699161A550D6E361" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Zapparoli and Edgecombe 2011</bibRefCitation>
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||
: 377 (only mentions)
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="C326D95165E534ABA1E6B9C2DF68AEF7" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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<taxonomicName id="1F4DB1E1819F22F617A6CBF4F0C2E2AB" class="Chilopoda" family="Lithobiidae" genus="Strandiolus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Strandiolus jugoslavicus" order="Lithobiomorpha" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="jugoslavicus">Strandiolus jugoslavicus</taxonomicName>
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<bibRefCitation id="E228C1A60151A37ED01412A82D5B1559" author="Hoffer, A" journalOrPublisher="Embrik Strand, Riga" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="427 - 432" title="Descriptions des nouveaux chilopodes cavernicoles du Karst de l'Europe meridionale. Pars I. Strandiolusjugoslavicus n. g. n. sp. Festschrift fur Dr." volume="2" year="1937">Hoffer 1937</bibRefCitation>
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||
: 429, figs 1-10 (syn. nov.) (original description, erection of new genus);
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<bibRefCitation id="8955468AE9DD575D8B364D6052D75A0C" author="Jeekel, CAW" journalOrPublisher="Myriapod Memoranda, Supplement" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="1 - 130" title="Nomenclator generum et familiarum Chilopodorum: A list of the genus and family-group names in the class Chilopoda from the 10 th edition of Linnaeus, 1758, to the end of 1957." volume="1" year="2005">Jeekel 2005</bibRefCitation>
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: 31 (in list)
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="25C9EB8B40CEF65E896FA0A3836D2B15" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="E93EC7798F0DA8872237FA2DE1B62B77" class="Chilopoda" family="Lithobiidae" genus="Lithobius" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Lithobius jugoslavicus" order="Lithobiomorpha" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="jugoslavicus">Lithobius jugoslavicus</taxonomicName>
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||
(Hoffer):
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||
<bibRefCitation id="76BF35393BF32267EEFB99F1F1C44611" author="Stoev, P" journalOrPublisher="Entomologica Scandinavica, Supplement" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="87 - 105" title="A check-list of the centipedes of the Balkan peninsula with some taxonomic notes and a complete bibliography (Chilopoda)." volume="51" year="1997">Stoev 1997</bibRefCitation>
|
||
: 90 (synonymisation of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="DBB0E0A3ADD00FCD5B2D5EFC9637B636" class="Chilopoda" family="Lithobiidae" genus="Strandiolus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Strandiolus" order="Lithobiomorpha" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Strandiolus</taxonomicName>
|
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)
|
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</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="4BB0914F5E87AE5E2F19927BD5BA1A94" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="remarks">
|
||
<paragraph id="4645E23C257B6E381A2CED3B88CF8672" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Remark on the origin of name.</paragraph>
|
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<paragraph id="05B84F63A5BC559F19C12A0D0EDE1C86" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
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The species was dedicated to Lucijan von
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<normalizedToken id="FDC2960AA335BAAC0EC19C255BDEC8FD" originalValue="Matulić">Matulic</normalizedToken>
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(teacher at a high school in Trebinje and founder of the first Speleological Society in Bosnia and Herzegovina in Trebinje in 1911), thus it was emended to
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<normalizedToken id="DE02331EE60210E126EB86298D3EF136" originalValue="“matulici”">"matulici"</normalizedToken>
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||
by
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="35A2BC171EEB341986BE0D6CDD1196C8" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
<normalizedToken id="CB4A2E68BE2B79E5BBC2F301E264ECE2" originalValue="Folkmanová">Folkmanova</normalizedToken>
|
||
(1946)
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C4B174A5B09061D5CB161ACD690E7832" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="type locality">
|
||
<paragraph id="A4FA6676887149D2B97D64A3CA4C8375" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Type locality.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8C3FDB3B9C2514616F83ADFF991E8884" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
Ilijina
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||
<normalizedToken id="6A21BF4274765A9CD57679EA304B7A7E" originalValue="Pećina">Pecina</normalizedToken>
|
||
(as "Elias
|
||
<normalizedToken id="018C6CB9D8F182BCF2200AD47143AC21" originalValue="Höhle">Hoehle</normalizedToken>
|
||
bei Trebinje" in the original description (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="9932A43B22D22EF947316ABCE068E5ED" author="Verhoeff, KW" journalOrPublisher="Verhandlungen der Zoologisch-Botanischen Gesellschaft in Wien" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="451 - 459" title="Beitraege zur Kenntnis palaearktischer Myriopoden, XI. Aufsatz: Neue und wenig bekannte Lithobiiden." url="https://doi.org/10.5962/bhl.part.24105" volume="49" year="1899">Verhoeff 1899</bibRefCitation>
|
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))
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="2EC2943D7439F5674C790BF08AACD1CB" direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="9" value="42.727165">42°43.63'N</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="B184C3752E20C11446CFA32EE3F103F8" direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="9" value="18.336166">18°20.17'E</geoCoordinate>
|
||
. (Type locality of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="35A6DA05B180C8066FB940F256400812" lsidName="S. jugoslavicus" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="jugoslavicus">S. jugoslavicus</taxonomicName>
|
||
: Vjetrenica Cave - as "grotte sur le mont
|
||
<normalizedToken id="7D7269D8F2BD4B303D3933B35AC45FF9" originalValue="‘Brencovac’">'Brencovac'</normalizedToken>
|
||
<normalizedToken id="C46348577F0175E7FFFED5EDC1805286" originalValue="près">pres</normalizedToken>
|
||
de Zavala en Popovo polje" in the original description (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="08A0AD9FA2FE0DFA160E3AEFCAA1A447" author="Hoffer, A" journalOrPublisher="Embrik Strand, Riga" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="427 - 432" title="Descriptions des nouveaux chilopodes cavernicoles du Karst de l'Europe meridionale. Pars I. Strandiolusjugoslavicus n. g. n. sp. Festschrift fur Dr." volume="2" year="1937">Hoffer 1937</bibRefCitation>
|
||
),
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="BCE9499887E3A5B42C12AF42B24D3777" direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="1" value="42.845867">42°50.752'N</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="8B3F95E073348C39ADD30D73E6DF359F" direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="1" value="17.9838">17°59.028'E</geoCoordinate>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="91213DC0C2B0E9BC0A43D68ADA5FCBEF" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="materials_examined">
|
||
<paragraph id="A3A5CC5437DA079FB07B545C61858F54" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Material examined.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="991FB4CDE89BE14C3E86862272F1726E" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
Type material: female holotype on two slides (Slide No. 266 and 267) housed by the Museum
|
||
<normalizedToken id="A6602184964F33F88170FDA5D4FB265B" originalValue="für">fuer</normalizedToken>
|
||
Naturkunde, Berlin. The slides were mounted in Canada balsam, but in an inappropriate way since they are partially dried out (Figs 2, 3). Such drying may probably happen because of the mixing of the Canada balsam with a diluting-agent, like glow-oil or xylene, at a too high of a level.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="0262204E782F591F914C6823FC84FA0D" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
Slide No. 266: cephalic capsule, mandibles, maxillae, forcipules and forcipular tergite, half of the 1st leg-bearing
|
||
<normalizedToken id="5CCC2AC45771886173641B77541172A4" originalValue="segment’s">segment's</normalizedToken>
|
||
tergite (Fig. 2).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="0FBA86B40A29E249F592D1AACA374B46" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Slide No. 267: posterior part of body from 12th segment, legs missing except right 14th leg and the 15th pair detached. Right ultimate leg was probably not macerated in any clearing agents before slide mounting, since the muscles are well visible inside (Fig. 3). All the other parts cleared, probably via potassium hydroxide, because their muscles were dissolved.</paragraph>
|
||
<caption id="B79750CBE49EFE9E5909DA233E4370B8" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
<paragraph id="2332B398438FF2A20BC005D0AD01CCB7" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
Figures 2, 3. Holotype of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="C61C31B81280ECFC171C4710B1839538" class="Chilopoda" family="Lithobiidae" genus="Lithobius" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Lithobius matulici" order="Lithobiomorpha" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="matulici">Lithobius matulici</taxonomicName>
|
||
Verhoeff, 1899 on slides from the Museum
|
||
<normalizedToken id="2CFF39429DB3AF179DC15EA2C476647C" originalValue="für">fuer</normalizedToken>
|
||
Naturkunde, Berlin 2 slide No. 266 3 slide No. 267.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="EFC650D6B6BC3950F503E6C0CCC38E42" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="other material examined">
|
||
<paragraph id="85A32E554ECD0BE8734D817B98D44A12" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
2 ♀ (HNHM chilo-6330, HNHM chilopr-377), 1 subadult ♀ (HNHM chilopr-378): Bosnia and Herzegovina, Bravenik Cave, Grab (near Trebinje),
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="54300E53F7351BE1F2C5E89D922DCB80" direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="9" value="42.5995">42°35.97'N</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="8BD5ADD7590B320FC20AE682A1D948BB" direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="9" value="18.4215">18°25.29'E</geoCoordinate>
|
||
, 20.07-20.09.2008, leg. Roman Lohaj.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="F5C82F0CE2D4269367A1A88D9D8B6114" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="further data">
|
||
<paragraph id="8EE56E0B1A94DCEBC8DAC0CDE6629158" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Further data.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="5557B836849CD78CBD0CD627C4A11EF0" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
A subadult female of 12 mm from the type locality cave (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="B96F95D7F2C67620D84FDA0494D6E347" author="Verhoeff, KW" journalOrPublisher="Berliner entomologische Zeitschrift" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="153 - 179" title="Beitraege zur Kenntniss palaearktischer Myriopoden, XV. Aufsatz: Lithobiiden aus Bosnien, Herzogovina und Dalmatien." url="https://doi.org/10.1002/mmnd.47919000305" volume="45" year="1900">Verhoeff 1900</bibRefCitation>
|
||
; not studied). Two males and three females from the Vjetrenica Cave (type locality of male
|
||
<taxonomicName id="A81A04C8E7A47FAAF556D08582B72B86" class="Chilopoda" family="Lithobiidae" genus="Strandiolus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Strandiolus jugoslavicus" order="Lithobiomorpha" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="jugoslavicus">Strandiolus jugoslavicus</taxonomicName>
|
||
) (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="BB151D76EBED29271336556EA9C758CD" author="Matic, Z" journalOrPublisher="Slovenska Akademia Znanosti in Umetnosti, Razred za Prirodoslovne in Medicinske Vede" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="201 - 229" title="Contributions a la connaissance des chilopodes de Yougoslavie." volume="11" year="1968">
|
||
Matic and
|
||
<normalizedToken id="8CC40B7550FA9D87FEA55792052C17D5" originalValue="Dărăbanţu">Dărăbantu</normalizedToken>
|
||
1968
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
; not studied).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="B6F0D3A7B73E27515BAD7AADEDD70D0A" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="diagnosis">
|
||
<paragraph id="37EC6F4809509E0ADE3D6297506A8491" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Diagnosis.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="FC69B9F899B77E6E7E4AFB477879716A" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
A
|
||
<taxonomicName id="56E5791F14DF54051DC4382B9221393B" class="Chilopoda" family="Lithobiidae" genus="Lithobius" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Lithobius" order="Lithobiomorpha" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Lithobius</taxonomicName>
|
||
Leach, 1814 species (subgenus
|
||
<taxonomicName id="1CAD84F9FC24993F706EA2B53D7C2A54" genus="Myriapoda" lsidName="Myriapoda (Lithobius)" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="subGenus" subGenus="Lithobius">Lithobius</taxonomicName>
|
||
Leach, 1814) of a length about 14-26 mm; with long antennae of 76-110 articles, reaching the posterior end of tergites 8-9 when folded backwards; ocelli absent;
|
||
<normalizedToken id="7DC8142BC40C941ED36614DC1D9C1BB0" originalValue="Tömösváry’s">Toemoesvary's</normalizedToken>
|
||
organ large, with a diameter 0.08-0.1 times of the length of the cephalic plate; 2+2-3+4 obtuse and short teeth on dental margin of forcipular coxosternum, porodonts large, about 2.8-3 times longer and 1.3-2 times broader than teeth; chitin-lines on the forcipular coxosternite reaching the posterior margin of coxosternite; posterior part of 14th tergite without setae-bearing area in both sexes; legs 1-13 with long anterior and posterior accessory spines; 14th and 15th pairs of legs without accessory spines, without secondary sexual characters, and with the following plectrotaxy 15: -,-,(m)p,-,-/-m,mp,m,- and 14: -,-,(m)p,-,-/-m,mp,m,-; 3,4,4,3-5,5,5,5 coxal pores arranged in a single row; female gonopods with 2+2 spurs on first article, gonopodal claw bipartite.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="9E20B3CAE75A4CCBB349D7F91BA77C81" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="materials_examined">
|
||
<paragraph id="9A8F62B7EDC646EA858BB8AD52A6A693" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Redescription based on material examined and on literature.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="242CDC7371FD7345F8FD7B33F036935F" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Where differences between specimens from different caves occur, they are highlighted at the given characters.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8E3EB4CFBAF947BEFF4219EF5864FA46" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
Body length 14-26 mm (holotype 21.5 mm according to the original description; specimens from Vjetrenica Cave 20-26 mm (26 mm in holotype of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="8CC16FBFF04D206C5DF4464B25F1D45A" lsidName="S. jugoslavicus" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="jugoslavicus">S. jugoslavicus</taxonomicName>
|
||
), specimens from Bravenik Cave 14-17 mm). Coloration yellowish-white in alcohol. The whole cuticle is thin and rather soft, almost transparent, wrinkled on the cephalic plate and tergites (wrinkling not mentioned for specimens from Vjetrenica Cave). Cephalic plate, forcipules and body without punctae. Cephalic plate as broad as tergite 8, about as broad as long (1.96 mm long and 2.28 mm wide in holotype, but width obviously affected there by flattening at slide-mounting; Fig. 2). Ocelli missing.
|
||
<normalizedToken id="68A12CE6906F2BAD370A6D48C962AC10" originalValue="Tömösváry’s">Toemoesvary's</normalizedToken>
|
||
organ very large, with diameter 0.08-0.1 times of the length of the cephalic plate, placed on the ventral to anterolateral margin of cephalic pleurite. Antennae composed of 76-110 articles (in holotype right antenna with 106 articles, left antenna broken and distal part missing; 85-88 articles in holotype of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="7AB85C9DAC3D5AAAD61288215905D4C4" lsidName="S. jugoslavicus" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="jugoslavicus">S. jugoslavicus</taxonomicName>
|
||
and 106-110 in other specimens from Vjetrenica Cave), long (7.8-18.5 mm, 13.5 mm in holotype, 18.5 mm in holotype of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="1B3E55845FC76DF88A641BFA1E566D54" lsidName="S. jugoslavicus" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="jugoslavicus">S. jugoslavicus</taxonomicName>
|
||
), reaching the posterior end of tergites 8-9. Most articles short, probably from secondary segmentation, with only one whorl of setae (number of whorl of setae not documented in specimens from Vjetrenica Cave but proportion of antennal articles illustrated as the same in
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="0FDDE4DEC3ADF3C09ED2140F3ADBC21C" author="Hoffer, A" journalOrPublisher="Embrik Strand, Riga" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="427 - 432" title="Descriptions des nouveaux chilopodes cavernicoles du Karst de l'Europe meridionale. Pars I. Strandiolusjugoslavicus n. g. n. sp. Festschrift fur Dr." volume="2" year="1937">Hoffer 1937</bibRefCitation>
|
||
: fig. 1). Forcipular coxosternite broad, with 2+2-3+4 obtuse and short teeth (usually 3+3 as in the holotype (Fig. 5), in the holotype of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="B086602E9E1FF0616FFAD74E2A1CCF26" lsidName="S. jugoslavicus" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="jugoslavicus">S. jugoslavicus</taxonomicName>
|
||
and four other specimens from Vjetrenica Cave, and in the specimen HNHM chilo-6330 from Bravenik Cave; 3+4 in only one specimen from Vjetrenica Cave according to
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="CEB18DBBAC9CE66C303BD69F1801DE2E" author="Matic, Z" journalOrPublisher="Slovenska Akademia Znanosti in Umetnosti, Razred za Prirodoslovne in Medicinske Vede" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="201 - 229" title="Contributions a la connaissance des chilopodes de Yougoslavie." volume="11" year="1968">
|
||
Matic and
|
||
<normalizedToken id="282FE80D352BB82EA04935324B7D0D1B" originalValue="Dărăbanţu">Dărăbantu</normalizedToken>
|
||
(1968
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
: fig. 4c), 2+2 in specimens HNHM chilopr-377-378 (Fig. 4) from Bravenik Cave; porodonts stout and strong, about 2.8-3 times longer and 1.3-2 times broader than teeth; dentate part of the coxosternite concave, shoulder of coxosternite broad (Figs 4, 5); chitin-lines reaching the posterior margin of coxosternite (Fig. 4). Lateral edges of trochanteroprefemur and part of coxosternite extended beyond cephalic plate. Calyx of poison gland 6.5-7 times as long as wide, about
|
||
<normalizedToken id="F6FA5E533FE36945C7290E799A8D2362" originalValue="¼">1/4</normalizedToken>
|
||
situated in distal half of forcipular tibia (Figs 4, 6) (not known for specimens from the Vjetrenica Cave). Forcipular tergite narrower than cephalic plate with a ratio of about 0.8 (in holotype of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4E72DD46AECEDB936FEEBF99AECDEC93" lsidName="S. jugoslavicus" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="jugoslavicus">S. jugoslavicus</taxonomicName>
|
||
similar ratio according to
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="703E80AE98006B80F0117AD3C57B11C9" author="Hoffer, A" journalOrPublisher="Embrik Strand, Riga" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="427 - 432" title="Descriptions des nouveaux chilopodes cavernicoles du Karst de l'Europe meridionale. Pars I. Strandiolusjugoslavicus n. g. n. sp. Festschrift fur Dr." volume="2" year="1937">Hoffer 1937</bibRefCitation>
|
||
: fig. 1, but about 1.1 in his fig. 8; 0.85 for another specimen from the same Vjetrenica Cave according to
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="793FECA7648DDBAF2666E6B4C2C47297" author="Matic, Z" journalOrPublisher="Slovenska Akademia Znanosti in Umetnosti, Razred za Prirodoslovne in Medicinske Vede" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="201 - 229" title="Contributions a la connaissance des chilopodes de Yougoslavie." volume="11" year="1968">
|
||
Matic and
|
||
<normalizedToken id="A6680A7D25644B707ABC0AFAD0C4F289" originalValue="Dărăbanţu">Dărăbantu</normalizedToken>
|
||
(1968
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
: fig. 4b)). Lateral sides of body rather parallel, only slightly broadened at tergites 8-10. Tergites 3, 5, 8, 10, 12 and 14 posteriorly rounded, without protuberances; posterior end of tergite 14 semicircular (less pronounced in younger specimens from Bravenik Cave (Fig. 8), almost perfect in the female holotype (Fig. 7) and in the male holotype of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="95B6E7C0500482EF1A7215302774C5D4" lsidName="S. jugoslavicus" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="jugoslavicus">S. jugoslavicus</taxonomicName>
|
||
illustrated by
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="00C7C15A3427AD989B4D321119137DD6" author="Hoffer, A" journalOrPublisher="Embrik Strand, Riga" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="427 - 432" title="Descriptions des nouveaux chilopodes cavernicoles du Karst de l'Europe meridionale. Pars I. Strandiolusjugoslavicus n. g. n. sp. Festschrift fur Dr." volume="2" year="1937">Hoffer (1937</bibRefCitation>
|
||
: fig. 1)). Sternites 1-10 longer than broad, sternites 11-15 shorter than broad (sternites 1-11 missing and not documented in holotype). Sternite 15 in female trapeziform, posterolaterally narrower than anterolaterally, with straight posterior border, in male longer than broad according to
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="C6107B418476EF6AB6C60903D0ECFD06" author="Hoffer, A" journalOrPublisher="Embrik Strand, Riga" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="427 - 432" title="Descriptions des nouveaux chilopodes cavernicoles du Karst de l'Europe meridionale. Pars I. Strandiolusjugoslavicus n. g. n. sp. Festschrift fur Dr." volume="2" year="1937">Hoffer (1937</bibRefCitation>
|
||
: fig. 10, from Vjetrenica Cave, not documented from other caves). Legs elongated, 14-15th without modifications. Length of leg articles of holotype (in mm): leg 14: trochanter+prefemur = 1.7, femur = 2.0, tibia = 2.2, tarsus 1 = 2.0, tarsus 2 = 0.8; legs 15: trochanter+prefemur = 1.6-1.7, femur = 2.1-2.2, tibia = 2.2-2.4, tarsus 1 = 2.0-2.1, tarsus 2 = 0.8-0.9. Right ultimate leg of holotype with tarsus 2 having an
|
||
<normalizedToken id="99884CD25F6737D171B113CF6485A24F" originalValue="‘articulated’">'articulated'</normalizedToken>
|
||
appearance (Fig. 3), although only collapsed as an artefact (probably caused during the mounting). Leg plectrotaxy as in Tables 1-3 (differences between cave populations given in footnotes), spines 1-6VmF and 1VmT missing in the subadult female of ~11 mm (HNHM chilopr-378). Legs 14-15 with claws of usual proportions, without accessory spines (Figs 12, 13); legs 1-13 with elongated claws and with elongated anterior and posterior accessory spines (Figs 10, 11), relative length of accessory spines highest on legs 11-12: about 0.5 of
|
||
<normalizedToken id="60E1F873CF10DB2269AE3341319AADE6" originalValue="claw’s">claw's</normalizedToken>
|
||
length for the anterior and 0.3 for the posterior spine (from Vjetrenica Cave
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="12056D131DF3155213C6646E4081783D" author="Hoffer, A" journalOrPublisher="Embrik Strand, Riga" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="427 - 432" title="Descriptions des nouveaux chilopodes cavernicoles du Karst de l'Europe meridionale. Pars I. Strandiolusjugoslavicus n. g. n. sp. Festschrift fur Dr." volume="2" year="1937">Hoffer (1937</bibRefCitation>
|
||
: fig. 6) illustrated for leg 13 ratios of about 0.4 in both spines, while
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="7FDCAAAF85C69DA4A6A516A3B1251E63" author="Matic, Z" journalOrPublisher="Slovenska Akademia Znanosti in Umetnosti, Razred za Prirodoslovne in Medicinske Vede" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="201 - 229" title="Contributions a la connaissance des chilopodes de Yougoslavie." volume="11" year="1968">
|
||
Matic and
|
||
<normalizedToken id="6010758C9497558ACC263FD38008AC03" originalValue="Dărăbanţu">Dărăbantu</normalizedToken>
|
||
(1968
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
: fig. 4g) illustrated for leg 10 ratios of 0.8 and 0.2). 3,4,4,3-5,5,5,5 coxal pores arranged in one line. In the original description
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="2DBFB0D2F5B3E232D79211F4AAC285E0" author="Verhoeff, KW" journalOrPublisher="Verhandlungen der Zoologisch-Botanischen Gesellschaft in Wien" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="451 - 459" title="Beitraege zur Kenntnis palaearktischer Myriopoden, XI. Aufsatz: Neue und wenig bekannte Lithobiiden." url="https://doi.org/10.5962/bhl.part.24105" volume="49" year="1899">Verhoeff (1899)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
mentioned 2(+1),3,4,3 as number for coxal pores in the holotype, but in fact it is 4,4,4,3 on legs 12-15 respectively; in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="37EE5C87224206C91F1292105703C1A3" lsidName="S. jugoslavicus" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="jugoslavicus">S. jugoslavicus</taxonomicName>
|
||
only legs 14-15 were documented with 5 and 4 coxal pores respectively (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="2EF58233E5D9E1A0BA6678B8A013886A" author="Hoffer, A" journalOrPublisher="Embrik Strand, Riga" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="427 - 432" title="Descriptions des nouveaux chilopodes cavernicoles du Karst de l'Europe meridionale. Pars I. Strandiolusjugoslavicus n. g. n. sp. Festschrift fur Dr." volume="2" year="1937">Hoffer 1937</bibRefCitation>
|
||
: fig. 10; in the text erroneously mentioned 4 and 5 respectively, which would be an unusual pattern in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="DE39B90460E76D01F2EA675913BAF730" lsidName="Myriapoda" order="Lithobiomorpha" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="order">Lithobiomorpha</taxonomicName>
|
||
). For the specimens from the same Vjetrenica Cave
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="7262F03685B2531A4259E6229D5F5DFE" author="Matic, Z" journalOrPublisher="Slovenska Akademia Znanosti in Umetnosti, Razred za Prirodoslovne in Medicinske Vede" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="201 - 229" title="Contributions a la connaissance des chilopodes de Yougoslavie." volume="11" year="1968">
|
||
Matic and
|
||
<normalizedToken id="31FBC7C912DAD407DEE9D585A7BDCCC5" originalValue="Dărăbanţu">Dărăbantu</normalizedToken>
|
||
(1968)
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
mentioned 5,5,5,5 coxal pores, while in the specimens from Bravenik Cave we found 3,4,4(5),3(4).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption id="CC84D4E23001835CA4B4F906C5D89F68" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
<paragraph id="C695FD8CE7122E8A0E7F120C79BC7496" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
Table 1.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="0318762C29EF76DD65ADC9C98372E09B" class="Chilopoda" family="Lithobiidae" genus="Lithobius" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Lithobius matulici" order="Lithobiomorpha" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="matulici">Lithobius matulici</taxonomicName>
|
||
Verhoeff, 1899. Plectrotaxy of holotype, legs 1-13 missing.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph id="F44E2A4E888D3BB39EED37A2CA2BD583" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
<table id="D95ADA64F4EB3CB159794882CA4109DD" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
<tr id="720632862B21936E0E5E354F4ECBC0E6" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
<td id="2241C8ADFE262BB1A9619B5F94C90970" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rowspan="1">Leg pairs</td>
|
||
<td id="BC94445E5C413369E69EF3EB5C722214" colspan="5" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rowspan="1">Ventral</td>
|
||
<td id="58703C78FEAFCD0CAB42A0CA6E9F3A7F" colspan="4" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rowspan="1">Dorsal</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="82350A293B32127A285E2688F934FB99" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
<td id="3B73F3E59048E0128E736B556A4F7B18" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rowspan="1">C</td>
|
||
<td id="B309537EF496B8080375BF78C1347DE8" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rowspan="1">t</td>
|
||
<td id="9A4AA4451E8F7B1D60453C6729E7666D" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rowspan="1">P</td>
|
||
<td id="3C09A647394BF3A67A964766F87D6B8E" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rowspan="1">F</td>
|
||
<td id="BAA40398BB8B6FE3005744BE5923F59C" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rowspan="1">T</td>
|
||
<td id="19F524B955FDE8B0297BC88F49D13E0C" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rowspan="1">C</td>
|
||
<td id="FA4821092DAE7189C546D228B2BC8F02" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rowspan="1">P</td>
|
||
<td id="2936F851D7AEEEDE680BDF01B271BFB2" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rowspan="1">F</td>
|
||
<td id="6D808265CAE94FC3BE54E23D72AFCA98" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rowspan="1">T</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
</table>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption id="FA838698A0ADC6ED12119A1AB5866B4D" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
<paragraph id="32D1C1CE3D3BC7E74A8C6DCD1AE89A7A" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
Table 2.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="B64B8E2835EDAA11FEC4794A1CD45BDF" class="Chilopoda" family="Lithobiidae" genus="Lithobius" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Lithobius matulici" order="Lithobiomorpha" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="matulici">Lithobius matulici</taxonomicName>
|
||
Verhoeff, 1899. Plectrotaxy of a young female (HNHM chilopr-377) from Bravenik Cave, Grab (near Trebinje), Bosnia and Herzegovina (brackets indicate spines present asymmetrically).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph id="23E162A8CC6B045ADB616C8D4F9409B9" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
<table id="9FEFE156E22CBC6BCD0EDE44A6A08417" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
<tr id="04E7820DCF30A57B1EBD98BC41370016" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
<td id="E3513C06574818925827A957685BEB48" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rowspan="1">Leg pairs</td>
|
||
<td id="A029E6571A5CF19FF6B6494A6145C7C2" colspan="5" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rowspan="1">Ventral</td>
|
||
<td id="26D890B401382DB20C15AEB74D8615C8" colspan="4" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rowspan="1">Dorsal</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="2D7AC1FA561ADC092ECB72F0D3A112E9" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
<td id="A70E11E3EA638B49E6C55F154AB85ED5" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rowspan="1">C</td>
|
||
<td id="5B99DBD04D7BCD1C8A50E04B69EFACF7" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rowspan="1">t</td>
|
||
<td id="0B3977A8C9F00D1A90893083D07A5FED" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rowspan="1">P</td>
|
||
<td id="C130A5C71DBF38059E4080D2FB6C2BD2" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rowspan="1">F</td>
|
||
<td id="3BDF1B0722D9F061D252B2677E301C55" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rowspan="1">T</td>
|
||
<td id="8EBA59D6DCDB4D56166F6B0B92BB9BB1" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rowspan="1">C</td>
|
||
<td id="632A4569A0F660EC795D9238566C576E" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rowspan="1">P</td>
|
||
<td id="7D6C1BF94D0D029CD7AB83C948AB1FFA" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rowspan="1">F</td>
|
||
<td id="6A56C51BC3089B3257D88534E02E2016" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rowspan="1">T</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
</table>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption id="741A46C551C0236FE28F971AB53510FD" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
<paragraph id="7B22A12A1D5BEF007EED4A634C020918" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
Table 3.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="9348DB5E37247CDABD7F49F19648DF56" class="Chilopoda" family="Lithobiidae" genus="Lithobius" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Lithobius matulici" order="Lithobiomorpha" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="matulici">Lithobius matulici</taxonomicName>
|
||
Verhoeff, 1899. Plectrotaxy of adults combined from all available data (brackets indicate spines missing in some cases).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph id="0323D648AEE0733BF9EC928D56740686" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
<table id="F4DD92553C91C2EC5F50855CD3477FE1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
<tr id="6F2C75A58E7FD43BDE38132D7FF139D2" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
<td id="124C7B7BE34A667724562F5E70CC126E" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rowspan="1">Leg pairs</td>
|
||
<td id="E27D5607EC91EF61EF17E3500C0188E1" colspan="5" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rowspan="1">Ventral</td>
|
||
<td id="0C79F8C0E2806B2B82219CC7DE4DA96B" colspan="4" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rowspan="1">Dorsal</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="EAC218F0B5EE25B94646ECFDA59C2E81" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
<td id="DDC64A2503911E1F630376FC812DAAD3" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rowspan="1">C</td>
|
||
<td id="B7F751AC66517E6AF6706389B3667E25" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rowspan="1">t</td>
|
||
<td id="A2DB9E2E5DE5E4CB70ACE7A5CA68F1F8" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rowspan="1">P</td>
|
||
<td id="A20C10543E917B04D7B5AA9F44481B13" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rowspan="1">F</td>
|
||
<td id="192C8189DF26193CF8BA18BD04095CCF" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rowspan="1">T</td>
|
||
<td id="F9D3B5C9FA2CF118CBDAEF782C3EAB44" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rowspan="1">C</td>
|
||
<td id="7E64A58B77497E308F61904B346FE949" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rowspan="1">P</td>
|
||
<td id="96E64CB311D2B8D55F6EE7184E20FF3C" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rowspan="1">F</td>
|
||
<td id="6CC86BA8119AC82C4F17F11D6E9C87B0" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rowspan="1">T</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="A295E7710AEDB09E47F8318492692EE1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
<td id="34A9B5EEDAC5BB98353DA0800F7A2201" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rowspan="1">†</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="1FCC831E542C95A73F1DE2010B072B5B" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
<td id="32CB7C8053DE5FDC1BC9D0FC68285843" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rowspan="1">‡</td>
|
||
<td id="AFFFEF832F0E318FBACFAC48C41D45E6" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rowspan="1">‡</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="A3CCA80DB270C772CFF1720D554671E2" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
<td id="15133C1526695CF7027236C7C1D62BB6" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rowspan="1">§</td>
|
||
<td id="7494B14D0D81ED0AC5D384DF4339040A" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rowspan="1">‡</td>
|
||
<td id="F04A29EC91F85720210811D5AB28D6C7" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rowspan="1">‡</td>
|
||
<td id="8FB8857AD7A1259CE92056041F7ACD01" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rowspan="1">†</td>
|
||
<td id="3E2B22C1A6E2F283345ED3F0A1A0F3BE" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rowspan="1">†</td>
|
||
<td id="27EC2FC825F2A7880AC81C31B6DE4482" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rowspan="1">|</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="0F6D34E5954416699930DAF2C62E3CC0" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
<td id="7F64C7E3442FA6A86BA27BF900E16112" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rowspan="1">¶</td>
|
||
<td id="FEE0943C32BE158A74573252EAED494D" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rowspan="1">¶</td>
|
||
<td id="AC48256615BE8575E4137083D7F01261" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rowspan="1">¶</td>
|
||
<td id="E4592036B1FA59A118F51E59F1EC5318" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rowspan="1">‡</td>
|
||
<td id="DA13D855C3B09B1828BF19489EB1F09F" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rowspan="1">|</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="44996ECBE736E40CCB97CC5D58FC6FE5" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
<td id="8807E69A37D30E86AC2FECCA524FA0D7" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rowspan="1">#</td>
|
||
<td id="FE3BDC7499D12361626AA7FC7276C05F" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rowspan="1">|</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
</table>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="4492CE7BE4B9469E9D77D05089C46E4B" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
Female first genital sternite longer than wide, with 22-40 evenly scattered setae (40 in holotype; not known in specimens from Vjetrenica Cave); posterior border almost straight (Fig. 14) (not known in specimens from Vjetrenica Cave). Female gonopods with thin setae and 2+2 elongated spurs on first article (holotype in Fig. 14; unequal spurs in younger adults as in Figs 15, 16; 1+1 in a subadult specimen in Fig. 17). Lateral side of female gonopods with 7-12 moderate to long setae on first article, 5-8 setae on second and 1 or 2 setae on third article, arranged as in Figures 14-16 (only 4 setae on first article in a specimen from Vjetrenica Cave according to
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="B399212262D09E0B425AD554CB0613F4" author="Matic, Z" journalOrPublisher="Slovenska Akademia Znanosti in Umetnosti, Razred za Prirodoslovne in Medicinske Vede" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="201 - 229" title="Contributions a la connaissance des chilopodes de Yougoslavie." volume="11" year="1968">
|
||
Matic and
|
||
<normalizedToken id="364EBE90DFFC576894CC38CA8B306980" originalValue="Dărăbanţu">Dărăbantu</normalizedToken>
|
||
(1968
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
: fig. 4d) but their drawing is probably inaccurate in this detail); dorsal side of gonopod with about 4 weak spines on second article and 1-3 minute spines on third article (Figs 14-16), medial side of female gonopods without setae (not known in specimens from Vjetrenica Cave). Gonopodal claw bipartite (on left gonopod of holotype (Fig. 14) misinterpreted by
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="65B64E165ABE6F3E83EA949FE22298CB" author="Verhoeff, KW" journalOrPublisher="Verhandlungen der Zoologisch-Botanischen Gesellschaft in Wien" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="451 - 459" title="Beitraege zur Kenntnis palaearktischer Myriopoden, XI. Aufsatz: Neue und wenig bekannte Lithobiiden." url="https://doi.org/10.5962/bhl.part.24105" volume="49" year="1899">Verhoeff (1899</bibRefCitation>
|
||
: fig. V) as tripartite); medial tip smaller than lateral (Fig. 16).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption id="71BBEA3F986EF1E33945503F3C7581AE" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
<paragraph id="3E796FDB2A1C935FF7BA57B657DDD813" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
Figures 4-17.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="143DF9A1C6A1A8C9B51F308E2D77760E" class="Chilopoda" family="Lithobiidae" genus="Lithobius" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Lithobius matulici" order="Lithobiomorpha" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="matulici">Lithobius matulici</taxonomicName>
|
||
Verhoeff, 1899 (holotype 5-7, 14; HNHM chilopr-377 4, 8-13, 15-16; HNHM chilopr-378 17) 4 forcipules and trunk segments 1-2, left side of forcipules with ventral view, right side with dorsal view 5 coxosternal dentation, left side with dorsal view, right side with ventral view 6 tarsungulum and forcipular tibia of the holotype (ventral view) 7-8 tergites 13-14 9 right leg 1 (anterior view) 10 claw of right leg 1 (anterior view) 11 claw of right leg 13 (anterior view) 12 claw of right leg 14 (posteriomedial view) 13 claw of left leg 15 (posteromedial view) 14 gonopods of holotype 15 female gonopod (lateral view) 16 female gonopod (anterior view) 17 subadult female gonopod (right, lateral view).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="FF6D6F197C2F05315BAA61A5FCE5528F" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="remarks">
|
||
<paragraph id="003FB596F790D20BE9E9A8BBA336D632" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Remarks on synonymy.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="3565155546E3D547E49C5C1D1BA2D8F2" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="E31EA8CA11C313BBA5B6680C69F6A8F3" class="Chilopoda" family="Lithobiidae" genus="Strandiolus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Strandiolus jugoslavicus" order="Lithobiomorpha" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="jugoslavicus">Strandiolus jugoslavicus</taxonomicName>
|
||
was described by
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="9894A2EC8A9298F79E123F74524254D3" author="Hoffer, A" journalOrPublisher="Embrik Strand, Riga" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="427 - 432" title="Descriptions des nouveaux chilopodes cavernicoles du Karst de l'Europe meridionale. Pars I. Strandiolusjugoslavicus n. g. n. sp. Festschrift fur Dr." volume="2" year="1937">Hoffer (1937)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
on a single male specimen from the Vjetrenica Cave ("grotte sur le mont
|
||
<normalizedToken id="76CD8C261E8C2A5776304A6E8C31FB8F" originalValue="‘Brencovac’">'Brencovac'</normalizedToken>
|
||
<normalizedToken id="22D0EB0BDF0578F4CB7AA0DD4D1963A1" originalValue="près">pres</normalizedToken>
|
||
de Zavala en Popovo polje",
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="894A480ED3F573B26277D161DEE36AF5" direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="1" value="42.845867">42°50.752'N</geoCoordinate>
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="33DD1FF94704945589C1AB550ABDA247" direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="1" value="17.9838">17°59.028'E</geoCoordinate>
|
||
) without comparison with
|
||
<taxonomicName id="3CC42ED34AAADB56FFA8DAE349B13077" class="Chilopoda" family="Lithobiidae" genus="Lithobius" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Lithobius matulici" order="Lithobiomorpha" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="matulici">Lithobius matulici</taxonomicName>
|
||
Verhoeff, 1899, known from another cave only about 32 km away. The depository of the type is unknown, and it was not found at the National Museum in Prague (
|
||
<normalizedToken id="366B0ABDC7ADB7E59B0DACB680B4407C" originalValue="Dolejš">Dolejs</normalizedToken>
|
||
2015) where that part of
|
||
<normalizedToken id="8016B25DC1AFE80E68BDD8880EBA3A00" originalValue="Hoffer’s">Hoffer's</normalizedToken>
|
||
material is housed that we know to exist. However, the original description is very detailed, supplemented with illustrations, and fits in every important character with
|
||
<normalizedToken id="433DDDFAC25FB3997D84BD7205D70563" originalValue="Verhoeff’s">Verhoeff's</normalizedToken>
|
||
original description, but also with the holotype of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="82E1656DB15DD5144437D5988B14DFE8" genus="Myriapoda" lsidName="Myriapoda matulici" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="matulici">matulici</taxonomicName>
|
||
, as well as the fresh material studied by us. It also fits the five topotypic specimens described by
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="8442E3631D62B2623D72BFF4687A2E39" author="Matic, Z" journalOrPublisher="Slovenska Akademia Znanosti in Umetnosti, Razred za Prirodoslovne in Medicinske Vede" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="201 - 229" title="Contributions a la connaissance des chilopodes de Yougoslavie." volume="11" year="1968">
|
||
Matic and
|
||
<normalizedToken id="07753451E86E75F911AF97CA298F4DCA" originalValue="Dărăbanţu">Dărăbantu</normalizedToken>
|
||
(1968)
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
. The fact that
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="317A0E05EE181659B182B6024D5390F4" author="Matic, Z" journalOrPublisher="Slovenska Akademia Znanosti in Umetnosti, Razred za Prirodoslovne in Medicinske Vede" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="201 - 229" title="Contributions a la connaissance des chilopodes de Yougoslavie." volume="11" year="1968">
|
||
Matic and
|
||
<normalizedToken id="8AF87FDC704DCCBCB9BFBC867A69ABCB" originalValue="Dărăbanţu">Dărăbantu</normalizedToken>
|
||
(1968)
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
identified these topotypic specimens as
|
||
<taxonomicName id="CBA9B1C9B3D2AB549E8AD481C6908214" lsidName="L. matulici" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="matulici">L. matulici</taxonomicName>
|
||
(without any notes on
|
||
<taxonomicName id="A7228A88CFE0B311CFAFA4870A23C6FC" lsidName="S. jugoslavicus" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="jugoslavicus">S. jugoslavicus</taxonomicName>
|
||
) also supports our conclusion that
|
||
<taxonomicName id="CF72ED3B646DB8B031EB5C5788FD799A" lsidName="S. jugoslavicus" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="jugoslavicus">S. jugoslavicus</taxonomicName>
|
||
is a subjective junior synonym of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="E59EA92134D229833EB73A5C8A35E37A" lsidName="L. matulici" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="matulici">L. matulici</taxonomicName>
|
||
(syn. nov.). Because also neighbouring caves might be completely isolated from each other, high-level genetic separation of cave populations might occur even in cases where no morphological differences of the specimens are obvious. Future molecular studies might easily support our decision based on morphology.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="6592FB7C83B2A85A6A2D4DEFD2085BC3" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="taxonomic remarks">
|
||
<paragraph id="900EF385FD0C82D6F1AD0CE758BE5818" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Taxonomic remarks.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="89775BB539F8E519740E16D98A9651B6" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
The posteriorly semicircular form of the 14th tergite has not been highlighted for this species by the earlier authors, although it was illustrated by
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="4FED4AC864C1A65E3DC6D037C576F987" author="Hoffer, A" journalOrPublisher="Embrik Strand, Riga" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="427 - 432" title="Descriptions des nouveaux chilopodes cavernicoles du Karst de l'Europe meridionale. Pars I. Strandiolusjugoslavicus n. g. n. sp. Festschrift fur Dr." volume="2" year="1937">
|
||
<normalizedToken id="D25E5EF9442595ED15FF5DC2496A54E6" originalValue="Hoffer’s">Hoffer's</normalizedToken>
|
||
(1937
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
: fig. 1) drawing on the habitus of the holotype of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4857F8FE9D7E299665909018676C55E9" lsidName="S. jugoslavicus" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="jugoslavicus">S. jugoslavicus</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="CBC211527ACDEB827788DF9EBB248159" author="Verhoeff, KW" journalOrPublisher="Verhandlungen der Zoologisch-Botanischen Gesellschaft in Wien" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="451 - 459" title="Beitraege zur Kenntnis palaearktischer Myriopoden, XI. Aufsatz: Neue und wenig bekannte Lithobiiden." url="https://doi.org/10.5962/bhl.part.24105" volume="49" year="1899">Verhoeff (1899)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
mentioned that the posterior corners of the tergites 3, 5, 8, 10, 12, and 14 are exceptionally strongly rounded. It is present in the holotype of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="23C59C3927F7387E7087CD0F7870898C" genus="Myriapoda" lsidName="Myriapoda matulici" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="matulici">matulici</taxonomicName>
|
||
(Fig. 7) and in our fresh specimens as well.
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="6BFAB75BAC412A8799356B651AE3E9AF" author="Matic, Z" journalOrPublisher="Slovenska Akademia Znanosti in Umetnosti, Razred za Prirodoslovne in Medicinske Vede" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="201 - 229" title="Contributions a la connaissance des chilopodes de Yougoslavie." volume="11" year="1968">
|
||
Matic and
|
||
<normalizedToken id="D951801BC80DA7DFCD86C9E75A3EDAD5" originalValue="Dărăbanţu">Dărăbantu</normalizedToken>
|
||
(1968)
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
seem to have overlooked this character, as they only mentioned that the tergites are without posterior triangular projections.
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="1E272903C646316AA8C5F652C3D07FEB" author="Hoffer, A" journalOrPublisher="Embrik Strand, Riga" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="427 - 432" title="Descriptions des nouveaux chilopodes cavernicoles du Karst de l'Europe meridionale. Pars I. Strandiolusjugoslavicus n. g. n. sp. Festschrift fur Dr." volume="2" year="1937">Hoffer (1937)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
characterised the tergites as of oval in shape, but for more details he referred to his drawing with the holotype which depicts tergite 14 with rounded posterior margin.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="334F44E09E8AB9BC9B4B64C2F2BE122B" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
The shape of the 14th tergite seems to indicate a close relation of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="A3993AAF7302864CD6191C8E67BB4BA5" lsidName="L. matulici" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="matulici">L. matulici</taxonomicName>
|
||
to the members of the subgenus
|
||
<taxonomicName id="56E499B225963496F6B95A96639968CC" genus="Myriapoda" lsidName="Myriapoda (Thracolithobius)" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="subGenus" subGenus="Thracolithobius">Thracolithobius</taxonomicName>
|
||
Matic, 1962 (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="BA5A0B87BA77D7FBC2EC5F3782F9BF39" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Zapparoli and Edgecombe 2011</bibRefCitation>
|
||
), especially to its type species,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="1F5714927F6E2DE2B51F73F1CAA105A3" class="Chilopoda" family="Lithobiidae" genus="Lithobius" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Lithobius remyi" order="Lithobiomorpha" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="remyi">Lithobius remyi</taxonomicName>
|
||
, described from the Gradje Cave (Montenegro), which is only 95-150 km from the known occurrences of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="7909A83A9B844D2CB9A97922E61F8D5A" lsidName="L. matulici" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="matulici">L. matulici</taxonomicName>
|
||
, and also reported from the North Albanian Merkurth Cave (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="E8E6E0422118C1F2572CD93F000A9A55" author="Stoev, P" journalOrPublisher="Arthropoda Selecta" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="125 - 130" title="Notes on the Chilopoda of Albania, 1." volume="5" year="1996">Stoev 1996</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). As the posteriorly semicircular form of the 14th tergite is the key character defining
|
||
<taxonomicName id="E9A8CE6A7CBE008646F568E0CF5F029E" class="Chilopoda" family="Lithobiidae" genus="Thracolithobius" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Thracolithobius" order="Lithobiomorpha" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Thracolithobius</taxonomicName>
|
||
, we could consider
|
||
<taxonomicName id="72B5AEC3697473683D724EEA5E1DE25D" lsidName="L. matulici" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="matulici">L. matulici</taxonomicName>
|
||
as member of this subgenus, but we refrain to do for reasons of nomenclatural stability. Including
|
||
<taxonomicName id="F5FB392DA5CC33DB9903ECC3AB824582" lsidName="L. matulici" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="matulici">L. matulici</taxonomicName>
|
||
in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="48AAC9074C30E35257455846F810FEB9" class="Chilopoda" family="Lithobiidae" genus="Thracolithobius" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Thracolithobius" order="Lithobiomorpha" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Thracolithobius</taxonomicName>
|
||
would result in a situation in which the generic name
|
||
<taxonomicName id="525553E347888BB3CA2F460A8AE8553D" class="Chilopoda" family="Lithobiidae" genus="Strandiolus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Strandiolus" order="Lithobiomorpha" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Strandiolus</taxonomicName>
|
||
Hoffer, 1937 would became a subjective senior synonym of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="048CC6CAFA4B95F2ED32309C55BD334D" class="Chilopoda" family="Lithobiidae" genus="Thracolithobius" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Thracolithobius" order="Lithobiomorpha" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Thracolithobius</taxonomicName>
|
||
Matic, 1962 according to the principle of priority (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="4D3E2BF6FEE2660704EE6B1250046D1C" author="Burrows, FJ" journalOrPublisher="Australian Zoologist" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="213 - 216" title="Aquatic millipedes in Australia: a biological enigma and a conservation saga." url="https://doi.org/10.7882/AZ.1994.007" volume="29" year="1994">ICZN 1999</bibRefCitation>
|
||
: Art. 23), because its type species,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="975920D71CFD4537EC36942B289EBDBC" class="Chilopoda" family="Lithobiidae" genus="Strandiolus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Strandiolus jugoslavicus" order="Lithobiomorpha" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="jugoslavicus">Strandiolus jugoslavicus</taxonomicName>
|
||
Hoffer, 1937, is synonymised in the present paper under
|
||
<taxonomicName id="523605EDA86CC79CF13D07D2E6030E38" lsidName="L. matulici" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="matulici">L. matulici</taxonomicName>
|
||
(see above).
|
||
<taxonomicName id="B88621CEACCAC9A640E5D0A4EBFFFD9E" class="Chilopoda" family="Lithobiidae" genus="Strandiolus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Strandiolus" order="Lithobiomorpha" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Strandiolus</taxonomicName>
|
||
was synonymised under
|
||
<taxonomicName id="71F72B5EEEB8A9EA047B745877AC984D" class="Chilopoda" family="Lithobiidae" genus="Lithobius" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Lithobius" order="Lithobiomorpha" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Lithobius</taxonomicName>
|
||
(s.s.) by
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="34154A85A32DC0212801B966F4D045DC" author="Stoev, P" journalOrPublisher="Entomologica Scandinavica, Supplement" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="87 - 105" title="A check-list of the centipedes of the Balkan peninsula with some taxonomic notes and a complete bibliography (Chilopoda)." volume="51" year="1997">Stoev (1997)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
(also proposed earlier informally and without explanation by
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="19318080899DC5B74A482D6553715837" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
<normalizedToken id="DA75787F289A6092673846C7A95DA3B2" originalValue="Folkmanová">Folkmanova</normalizedToken>
|
||
(1946)
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
in a key) because its differential characters are either actually common in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="88E83D77B112AF6B3498CC21860D28CD" class="Chilopoda" family="Lithobiidae" genus="Lithobius" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Lithobius" order="Lithobiomorpha" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Lithobius</taxonomicName>
|
||
(s.s.) - three
|
||
<normalizedToken id="EE6CE762B96751777C71C5498B4D72F5" originalValue="‘claws’">'claws'</normalizedToken>
|
||
on legs 1-13, reduced leg plectrotaxy, notched lateral edges of head, absence of tergal projections, form of maxillae II - or adaptations to the cave environment - absence of ocelli, elongation of legs and narrow anterior sternites, depigmentation, high number of antennal articles - and as such of no taxonomical importance. Meanwhile,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="DA47213580DAF664F2CFCA5076D6C5A9" class="Chilopoda" family="Lithobiidae" genus="Thracolithobius" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Thracolithobius" order="Lithobiomorpha" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Thracolithobius</taxonomicName>
|
||
Matic, 1962 is considered as a valid subgenus (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="23415A0D1A85A5371F5480EC50B7A25E" author="Stoev, P" journalOrPublisher="Entomologica Scandinavica, Supplement" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="87 - 105" title="A check-list of the centipedes of the Balkan peninsula with some taxonomic notes and a complete bibliography (Chilopoda)." volume="51" year="1997">Stoev 1997</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="212EC3CF9AC47DED7479EBC05F8B4AA0" author="Shelley, RM" journalOrPublisher="Zootaxa" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="1 - 20" title="Nomenclator generum et familiarum Chilopodorum II: a list of the genus- and family-group names in the Class Chilopoda from 1958 through 2005." url="https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.1176.1.1" volume="1198" year="2006">Shelley 2006</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="9E89410E10AD28C0BC988ED65DA09A93" author="Curcic, B" editor="Makarov, SE" journalOrPublisher="Vienna-Belgrade-Sofia, Monographs" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="35 - 55" title="Cave dwelling invertebrates in Montenegro." volume="12" volumeTitle="Advances in Arachnology and Developmental Biology. Papers dedicated to Prof. Dr. Bozidar Curcic. Inst. Zool., Belgrade; BAS, Sofia, Fac. Life sci., Vienna; SASA, Belgrade & UNESCO MAB Committee, Serbia." year="2008">
|
||
<normalizedToken id="BD459ADE26916DDEF59783833D673847" originalValue="Ćurčić">Curcic</normalizedToken>
|
||
et al. 2008
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="09D784132B8E22AC6B2D9B3AE4A5AAB9" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Zapparoli and Edgecombe 2011</bibRefCitation>
|
||
) with three species -
|
||
<taxonomicName id="F1DD1688B892AA9F817C6C9517316904" lsidName="L. dacicus" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="dacicus">L. dacicus</taxonomicName>
|
||
Matic, 1959,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="9E4130CB4B17FABF0840A6526B64054B" lsidName="L. inexpectatus" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="inexpectatus">L. inexpectatus</taxonomicName>
|
||
Matic, 1962,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="F70FAD759B8E045CB52308FBE85847CD" lsidName="L. remyi" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="remyi">L. remyi</taxonomicName>
|
||
Jawlowski, 1933 - but the monopyhly of this group might be questioned. The only common character defining this subgenus is the shape of the 14th tergite, a character that however has already been proven to vary at the inter(sub)specific level in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="CE659D0A2F7E4060AC851567BD0413CF" class="Chilopoda" family="Lithobiidae" genus="Lithobius" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Lithobius" order="Lithobiomorpha" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Lithobius</taxonomicName>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="FC3B96373BE0F773F36EA09DF6DB8410" author="Andersson, G" journalOrPublisher="Dissertation, Goeteborg University" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" title="Taxonomical studies on the post-embryonic development in Lithobius, with a brief comparison with Lamyctes (Chilopoda: Lithobiomorpha)." year="1979">Andersson 1979</bibRefCitation>
|
||
) and in another lithobiomorph genus,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="E346BEDDCEAF17CC742B0907EFED533D" class="Chilopoda" family="Lithobiidae" genus="Eupolybothrus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Eupolybothrus" order="Lithobiomorpha" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Eupolybothrus</taxonomicName>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="92F8708A719AC852A0F3CAD95576EEEF" author="Stoev, P" journalOrPublisher="Entomologica Scandinavica, Supplement" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" url="https://doi.org/10.3897/BDJ.1.e1013" year="2013">Stoev et al. 2013</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="8CDFB02DF234D22C4300CA228B79961F" author="Akkari, N" journalOrPublisher="ZooKeys" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="11 - 43" title="A new cave centipede from Croatia, Eupolybothrusliburnicus sp. n., with notes on the subgenus Schizopolybothrus Verhoeff, 1934 (Chilopoda, Lithobiomorpha, Lithobiidae)." url="https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.687.13844" volume="687" year="2017">Akkari et al. 2017</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). Apart from this character, the members of the subgenus seem to be rather different in several other features (e.g. presence/absence of ocelli and a wart-like structure on forcipular tarsungulum) and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="D227330355F66E684DB58D0295D949FF" lsidName="L. matulici" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="matulici">L. matulici</taxonomicName>
|
||
differs actually from the members of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="CDF73D65B9EEDCBFE3C57A612F189399" class="Chilopoda" family="Lithobiidae" genus="Thracolithobius" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Thracolithobius" order="Lithobiomorpha" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Thracolithobius</taxonomicName>
|
||
even in an aspect of the 14th tergite: the rounded shape is present in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="2E57582F12C45DD5EA1F9E928093E37F" genus="Myriapoda" lsidName="Myriapoda matulici" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="matulici">matulici</taxonomicName>
|
||
also in females, while it is known only from males in the other species. Although at least
|
||
<taxonomicName id="76E399C24E91FC6B04B0F4C70F45A4E3" lsidName="L. remyi" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="remyi">L. remyi</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="78B5A9ECFB2789195018EBE34E6B4F59" lsidName="L. matulici" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="matulici">L. matulici</taxonomicName>
|
||
seem to be similar also in some other features (lack of ocelli, strong porodonts, coxosternal dentation) this may be also due to convergent adaptation to a similar lifestyle in cave environments.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="B7F752E11D1A0742583932BDE0ED254F" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
According to this, we can expect that molecular studies will prove
|
||
<taxonomicName id="ABB705328C2334297DA379722320CE58" class="Chilopoda" family="Lithobiidae" genus="Thracolithobius" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Thracolithobius" order="Lithobiomorpha" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Thracolithobius</taxonomicName>
|
||
to be polyphyletic with its members spread among different clades of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="66B60FF5CB2E4D53DC46E4108C50B07B" class="Chilopoda" family="Lithobiidae" genus="Lithobius" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Lithobius" order="Lithobiomorpha" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Lithobius</taxonomicName>
|
||
(s.l.), which would result in its synonymisation under
|
||
<taxonomicName id="8341B3209FF82EEF9865F2B75D1A99FA" class="Chilopoda" family="Lithobiidae" genus="Lithobius" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Lithobius" order="Lithobiomorpha" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Lithobius</taxonomicName>
|
||
(s.s.); and this would be the case again even if its name would be changed here to the older name
|
||
<taxonomicName id="51CC2CD8E1F47DFAA840D8B8A3CF3833" class="Chilopoda" family="Lithobiidae" genus="Strandiolus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Strandiolus" order="Lithobiomorpha" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Strandiolus</taxonomicName>
|
||
. In case future molecular studies give an opposite result (i.e. monophyly of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="8CB2D78C79F9542973262BD9C6EE9F4A" class="Chilopoda" family="Lithobiidae" genus="Thracolithobius" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Thracolithobius" order="Lithobiomorpha" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Thracolithobius</taxonomicName>
|
||
including
|
||
<taxonomicName id="47A580769E4943FE841CD00A786AF77F" lsidName="L. matulici" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="matulici">L. matulici</taxonomicName>
|
||
),
|
||
<taxonomicName id="816FED32784B5BE200892037E72092D7" class="Chilopoda" family="Lithobiidae" genus="Strandiolus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Strandiolus" order="Lithobiomorpha" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Strandiolus</taxonomicName>
|
||
might be revalidated.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="52E873B8042A60DB25F4350D521BD046" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="differential diagnosis">
|
||
<paragraph id="C959D22855AF1CC4B534814E23A26B78" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Differential diagnosis.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="6A7DB05633BBCB0ADB9788BACBCAC0D0" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
Among the
|
||
<taxonomicName id="57845A28E388C40ADC24BF160281F84A" class="Chilopoda" family="Lithobiidae" genus="Lithobius" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Lithobius" order="Lithobiomorpha" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Lithobius</taxonomicName>
|
||
species with a posteriorly rounded tergite 14,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="EDA54CB5D9A6C33573352EAC66929E87" lsidName="L. matulici" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="matulici">L. matulici</taxonomicName>
|
||
seems to be most similar to
|
||
<taxonomicName id="CA21F1A0053274D3E15B84376C826823" lsidName="L. remyi" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="remyi">L. remyi</taxonomicName>
|
||
, but differs from that species in size (11-13 mm in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="1714B9399A363ABE3C4041B00BB30049" genus="Myriapoda" lsidName="Myriapoda remyi" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="remyi">remyi</taxonomicName>
|
||
, 14-26 mm in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="3524F702CFA23129FA60C31E10E10103" genus="Myriapoda" lsidName="Myriapoda matulici" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="matulici">matulici</taxonomicName>
|
||
), number of antennal articles (56-64 in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="A775E77BF9B49C2CA2337368D104D815" genus="Myriapoda" lsidName="Myriapoda remyi" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="remyi">remyi</taxonomicName>
|
||
, 76-110 in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="37B027CFA2E543E43D72AE5B3B3BF238" genus="Myriapoda" lsidName="Myriapoda matulici" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="matulici">matulici</taxonomicName>
|
||
), and the shape of the female gonopodal claw (tripartite in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="57CCDBA8E99400742F83F0A82794167D" genus="Myriapoda" lsidName="Myriapoda remyi" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="remyi">remyi</taxonomicName>
|
||
, bipartite in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="EA7304A5250BCF21E128E49FD35544A2" genus="Myriapoda" lsidName="Myriapoda matulici" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="matulici">matulici</taxonomicName>
|
||
). From
|
||
<taxonomicName id="88741ED9D78D7C6C892353E84A47C871" lsidName="L. dacicus" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="dacicus">L. dacicus</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="E19C724CD56C2CF46B356AAF84E81E6B" lsidName="L. matulici" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="matulici">L. matulici</taxonomicName>
|
||
differs in size (about 12 mm in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="A82A7C279B521D921EE21CAA90D3229E" genus="Myriapoda" lsidName="Myriapoda dacicus" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="dacicus">dacicus</taxonomicName>
|
||
, 14-26 mm in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="7B9B41828B604C7DA35AF11D09B020F7" genus="Myriapoda" lsidName="Myriapoda matulici" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="matulici">matulici</taxonomicName>
|
||
), number of antennal articles (37-61 in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="ADCFD3CA27AE7C889F69B1C4D56D87C3" genus="Myriapoda" lsidName="Myriapoda dacicus" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="dacicus">dacicus</taxonomicName>
|
||
, 76-110 in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="26087BBEA721E1B8EBD8D09B51F29966" genus="Myriapoda" lsidName="Myriapoda matulici" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="matulici">matulici</taxonomicName>
|
||
), coxosternal dentation (2+2-3+4 small and obtuse teeth in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="1390CFE475DD7204D819870C78B337C4" genus="Myriapoda" lsidName="Myriapoda matulici" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="matulici">matulici</taxonomicName>
|
||
, 2+2 well developed teeth in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="1B2279068F4D376BDAF0EFA9AFF39F9A" genus="Myriapoda" lsidName="Myriapoda dacicus" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="dacicus">dacicus</taxonomicName>
|
||
), and completeness of coxosternal chitin-lines (not reaching the posterior margin of the coxosternite in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="8153BBA9A52CB713E02284E80913D8D9" genus="Myriapoda" lsidName="Myriapoda dacicus" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="dacicus">dacicus</taxonomicName>
|
||
, reaching it in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="D1FC46889395ED61B31684DA6BDB5C00" genus="Myriapoda" lsidName="Myriapoda matulici" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="matulici">matulici</taxonomicName>
|
||
).
|
||
<taxonomicName id="84A6C60CA2055F120689B9E62EC16C75" class="Chilopoda" family="Lithobiidae" genus="Lithobius" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Lithobius inexpectatus" order="Lithobiomorpha" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="inexpectatus">Lithobius inexpectatus</taxonomicName>
|
||
is distinguished from
|
||
<taxonomicName id="8F1A77E58D1CFB32BD77E82998FAC56E" lsidName="L. matulici" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="matulici">L. matulici</taxonomicName>
|
||
by having 12-14 ocelli (missing in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="8BF33EF5653FF84059D63C03FF46A897" genus="Myriapoda" lsidName="Myriapoda matulici" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="matulici">matulici</taxonomicName>
|
||
), by the coxosternal dentation (2+2-3+4 small and obtuse teeth and very strong porodonts in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="AE1E60A4DF151C6D2124ADAFF33E5CA6" genus="Myriapoda" lsidName="Myriapoda matulici" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="matulici">matulici</taxonomicName>
|
||
, 2+2 larger teeth and slender porodonts in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="FFAFBA091BC325786E9790F81420AAE1" genus="Myriapoda" lsidName="Myriapoda inexpectatus" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="inexpectatus">inexpectatus</taxonomicName>
|
||
), the number of antennal articles (42 in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="52FB1AB014FDC95959C2898DA699997E" genus="Myriapoda" lsidName="Myriapoda inexpectatus" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="inexpectatus">inexpectatus</taxonomicName>
|
||
, 76-110 in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="90E8E42863250A1443315089740C3E0F" genus="Myriapoda" lsidName="Myriapoda matulici" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="matulici">matulici</taxonomicName>
|
||
), the presence of accessory spines on legs 14-15 (absent in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="455DC585E650EED8C411A530CADDBFE1" genus="Myriapoda" lsidName="Myriapoda matulici" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="matulici">matulici</taxonomicName>
|
||
), the shape of the female gonopod claw (tripartite in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="A8A8BBCFBC54D215BAD822A36BB88F4E" genus="Myriapoda" lsidName="Myriapoda inexpectatus" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="inexpectatus">inexpectatus</taxonomicName>
|
||
, bipartite in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="A5ECD78703D2C49CF4F57A9FE3E1521F" genus="Myriapoda" lsidName="Myriapoda matulici" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="matulici">matulici</taxonomicName>
|
||
), and plectrotaxy (1-15VaF, 1-13VaT, 1-14VpT, 8-15DaP, 1-15DpP, 1-13DaF, 3-15DpF and 3-15DpT present in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="5E874719EC3D85B1F5739536D47804E2" genus="Myriapoda" lsidName="Myriapoda inexpectatus" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="inexpectatus">inexpectatus</taxonomicName>
|
||
, missing in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="AA7D265992E9902B58A71586A6C7D143" genus="Myriapoda" lsidName="Myriapoda matulici" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="matulici">matulici</taxonomicName>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="15E692FE2D0FBC8C54DBC3782D881969" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
Although no rounded form of tergite 14 is known for it,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="F608650DA6A229CA72E8FF529ABB07D3" lsidName="L. sketi" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="sketi">L. sketi</taxonomicName>
|
||
was stated to be very similar to
|
||
<taxonomicName id="5B32F2939F7590FEC21C3D25F549771A" lsidName="L. matulici" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="matulici">L. matulici</taxonomicName>
|
||
, and they also co-occur in Vjetrenica Cave (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="0B6B62D4B8EC6BCFF203D6BD0F7D5493" author="Matic, Z" journalOrPublisher="Slovenska Akademia Znanosti in Umetnosti, Razred za Prirodoslovne in Medicinske Vede" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="201 - 229" title="Contributions a la connaissance des chilopodes de Yougoslavie." volume="11" year="1968">
|
||
Matic and
|
||
<normalizedToken id="C644D761677B307C0DC6F0325F158ACD" originalValue="Dărăbanţu">Dărăbantu</normalizedToken>
|
||
1968
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). The two species are readily distinguished by the accessory spines on the 14-15th legs (present in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="01237E4AFBDAD34D32B82DBE42875306" genus="Myriapoda" lsidName="Myriapoda sketi" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="sketi">sketi</taxonomicName>
|
||
, missing in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="AE4F3CCF1F3CD04CDAE21CABD366AF84" genus="Myriapoda" lsidName="Myriapoda matulici" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="matulici">matulici</taxonomicName>
|
||
), by the number and arrangement of coxal pores (5-9 per coxa arranged in 2 partly irregular rows in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="7DFED33483AB7CF56DE2C3C89DB20858" genus="Myriapoda" lsidName="Myriapoda sketi" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="sketi">sketi</taxonomicName>
|
||
, 3-5 per coxa in a single row in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="A4524DB5E2D1E04FEE3DA0CDBE5FECD4" genus="Myriapoda" lsidName="Myriapoda matulici" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="matulici">matulici</taxonomicName>
|
||
), the female gonopods (1+1 spurs and simple claw in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="88D0123E329063DE11C0D80E1A23F392" genus="Myriapoda" lsidName="Myriapoda sketi" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="sketi">sketi</taxonomicName>
|
||
, 2+2 spurs and bipartite claw in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="A8C5E1E8040B32B947202B30D3C422D2" genus="Myriapoda" lsidName="Myriapoda matulici" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="matulici">matulici</taxonomicName>
|
||
), and their plectrotaxy (1-13VpP, 1-15DaP, 1-15DpP, 1-14DaF, 1-15DpF and 2-15DpT present in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="F6B41F722FB32DA5D8ACD4E2AF5A8DD1" genus="Myriapoda" lsidName="Myriapoda sketi" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="sketi">sketi</taxonomicName>
|
||
, missing in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="36BFDAB94E4DF434ABF4C99EE2A1A721" genus="Myriapoda" lsidName="Myriapoda matulici" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="matulici">matulici</taxonomicName>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="D80F21377EFE82D71E74DD59D23EC80A" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="semiaquatic behaviour">
|
||
<paragraph id="02F752662D841A1092115F3355D08225" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Semiaquatic behaviour.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="CB421376FA55E5FF7F3A4E473C0A6CDB" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
One lithobiomorph specimen was found in July 2014 while one of the authors, G.
|
||
<normalizedToken id="F86DEA9A72B84B23D007C8EBD871745F" originalValue="Balázs">Balazs</normalizedToken>
|
||
, was diving in Vjetrenica Cave. The specimen was in a water-filled part of the cave (Donje Vjetrenica), freely and consciously walking on the underwater bottom at a depth of 3 metres, at a distance of about 30 metres from any terrestrial microhabitats (i.e. chambers with air). This specimen was without any signs of distress (no spasms, no enfeeblement). There was no flood in the cave at that time, the water was still (not flowing), and thus a simple flushing away of the specimen from the
|
||
<normalizedToken id="4035E7D6797D0E6112EBA413E3C5077C" originalValue="water’s">water's</normalizedToken>
|
||
edge might be ruled out. This individual spent another 2 hours in the water, while kept captured by the diver and escaped later during photographic documentation. In the photograph (Fig. 18), the 14th tergite of the specimen seems clearly rounded posteriorly, and thus it can be considered as
|
||
<taxonomicName id="A90E5F6C415DE7A748673C691089A2E9" lsidName="L. matulici" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="matulici">L. matulici</taxonomicName>
|
||
with confidence. Similar cases of lithobiomorph specimens on the bottom of water (puddles) in caves were photo-documented in Montenegro (Dobuki Do:
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="23000B8BADA936BEAB2B49D5708D528F" direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="1" value="42.42898">42°25.739'N</geoCoordinate>
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="F3459D4C3A826ED78A13F7B3F8D5A9E7" direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="1" value="18.811934">18°48.716'E</geoCoordinate>
|
||
: August 2006, Zsolt Polacsek in litt., Figs 19, 20; July 2018,
|
||
<normalizedToken id="F63F5E8A5EF3A578796C0A6E43DE9CD4" originalValue="Márton">Marton</normalizedToken>
|
||
Mede in litt.), and from a cave in North Spain (Tibia-Fresca Cave System, 19 July 2016, see supplementary file 1: Video 1; Zsolt Polacsek in litt.).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption id="A3D90761B01D10F9343C2FE5E491E159" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
<paragraph id="CEB8A3655AE573E69C8AE4E05F2C1B00" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
Figures 18-20.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="1C0AABF644D9F6809ABDD2549DD98C3C" class="Chilopoda" family="Lithobiidae" genus="Lithobius" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Lithobius" order="Lithobiomorpha" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Lithobius</taxonomicName>
|
||
specimens from Dinaric caves 18 living
|
||
<taxonomicName id="7C72B20ED54B4FC59B6F29225ABB9750" class="Chilopoda" family="Lithobiidae" genus="Lithobius" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Lithobius matulici" order="Lithobiomorpha" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="matulici">Lithobius cf. matulici</taxonomicName>
|
||
specimen of ca. 25 mm length from the Vjetrenica Cave (Bosnia and Herzegovina) (photo by Gergely
|
||
<normalizedToken id="3BF75625178B8B3892582CC68E22C02B" originalValue="Balázs">Balazs</normalizedToken>
|
||
) 19-20
|
||
<taxonomicName id="709BBA892DBD3E95E480A42AFD920A64" class="Chilopoda" family="Lithobiidae" genus="Lithobius" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Lithobius" order="Lithobiomorpha" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Lithobius</taxonomicName>
|
||
sp. under water in the Dobuki Do Cave (Montenegro) (photos by Zsolt Polacsek).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |