334 lines
41 KiB
XML
334 lines
41 KiB
XML
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<mods:title id="3F4CC93A3C8BA8434A16864550F75B75">A revision of the genus Atelecrinus PH Carpenter (Echinodermata: Crinoidea)</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="3C0A129BAB73E46270C82BB213FCEB9B">Messing, Charles G.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:date id="988178F4A71F303CFC6A8CB6DF7F5788">2013</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="7486DB997E800762FE547B8E21A26DFF">3681</mods:number>
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<treatment id="D9378A508E50FFF7FF0A525621862C3D" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5659092" ID-GBIF-Taxon="127664538" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5659092" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:D9378A508E50FFF7FF0A525621862C3D" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/D9378A508E50FFF7FF0A525621862C3D" lastPageId="4" lastPageNumber="5" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">
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<subSubSection id="198468CD8E50FFF0FF0A525624932D6E" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="51213B468E50FFF0FF0A525622382C29" blockId="3.[151,578,1025,1051]" box="[151,578,1025,1051]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">
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<heading id="0A698C2A8E50FFF0FF0A525622382C29" bold="true" box="[151,578,1025,1051]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" reason="1">
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<emphasis id="63EAE7548E50FFF0FF0A525622382C29" bold="true" box="[151,578,1025,1051]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">
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Family
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<taxonomicName id="969E40C58E50FFF0FF6B525622382C29" ID-CoL="87BYQ" authority="Bather, 1899" authorityName="Bather" authorityYear="1899" box="[246,578,1025,1051]" class="Crinoidea" family="Atelecrinidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Comatulida" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="family">
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Atelecrinidae
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<bibRefCitation id="350F46B78E50FFF0FE38525622382C29" author="Bather" box="[421,578,1025,1051]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" refString="Bather, F. A. (1899) A phylogenetic classification of the Pelmatozoa. British Association for the Advancement of Science, Reports, 1898, 916 - 923." type="journal article" year="1899">Bather, 1899</bibRefCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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</emphasis>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="51213B468E50FFF0FF0A521E24932D6E" blockId="3.[151,1437,1096,2021]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">
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<emphasis id="63EAE7548E50FFF0FF0A521E21FF2C53" bold="true" box="[151,389,1096,1121]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Emended diagnosis.</emphasis>
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Articulate crinoids with centrodorsal conical (usually taller than wide across the base); adoral rim with five interradial depressions, sockets or deep pits; centrodorsal cavity broad and deep, with no adoral lip. Cirrus sockets in 10 or 15 columns, bearing weak to strong, lateral articular tubercles arising from socket rim. Basals wedge-shaped, forming an externally visible ring (rarely as separated triangles) with a small central canal and with a pair of interior curved projections that may form a rosette-like structure. Rays divided once at primibrachial 2. Proximal syzygies at 3+4, and usually 6+7, 9+10 (unknown beyond 3+
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<quantity id="966696A38E50FFF0FB2552AB24912D26" box="[1208,1259,1276,1300]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.016" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" unit="in" value="4.0">4 in</quantity>
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<taxonomicName id="969E40C58E50FFF0FB6552AA25F62D27" box="[1272,1420,1277,1301]" class="Crinoidea" family="Atelecrinidae" genus="Sibogacrinus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Comatulida" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="63EAE7548E50FFF0FB6552AA25F62D27" box="[1272,1420,1277,1301]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Sibogacrinus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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). Proximal pinnules absent. Arms terminating in a long filament composed of slender, elongated brachials lacking pinnules (unknown in
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<taxonomicName id="969E40C58E50FFF0FE0F531222382D6F" box="[402,578,1349,1373]" class="Crinoidea" family="Atelecrinidae" genus="Adelatelecrinus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Comatulida" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="63EAE7548E50FFF0FE0F531222382D6F" box="[402,578,1349,1373]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Adelatelecrinus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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and
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<taxonomicName id="969E40C58E50FFF0FDE5531223762D6F" box="[632,780,1349,1373]" class="Crinoidea" family="Atelecrinidae" genus="Sibogacrinus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Comatulida" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="63EAE7548E50FFF0FDE5531223762D6F" box="[632,780,1349,1373]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Sibogacrinus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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) (modified from
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<bibRefCitation id="350F46B78E50FFF0FC52531224A72D6E" author="Hess" box="[975,1245,1348,1372]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" refString="Hess, H. & Messing, C. G. (2011) Articulata. Treatise on Invertebrate Paleontology, Part T, Echinodermata 2 Revised, Crinoidea, vol. 3. Seldon, P. (Ed.), Ausich, W. I. (Coordinating Author). University of Kansas Paleontological Institute, Lawrence, KS, xxx + 261 p." type="book" year="2011">Hess and Messing 2011</bibRefCitation>
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).
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="198468CD8E50FFF0FF5A533E22BD2DB2" box="[199,711,1384,1409]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" type="materials_examined">
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<paragraph id="51213B468E50FFF0FF5A533E22BD2DB2" blockId="3.[151,1437,1096,2021]" box="[199,711,1384,1409]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">
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<emphasis id="63EAE7548E50FFF0FF5A533E212E2DB3" bold="true" box="[199,340,1385,1409]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">
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<typeStatus id="8E2585E48E50FFF0FF5A533E21782DB3" box="[199,258,1385,1409]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Type</typeStatus>
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genus.
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</emphasis>
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<taxonomicName id="969E40C58E50FFF0FEC6533F21A02DB2" box="[347,474,1384,1408]" class="Crinoidea" family="Atelecrinidae" genus="Atelecrinus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Comatulida" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="63EAE7548E50FFF0FEC6533F21A02DB2" box="[347,474,1384,1408]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Atelecrinus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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<collectingCountry id="29897BD68E50FFF0FE7C533E227F2DB2" box="[481,517,1385,1408]" name="Philippines" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">PH</collectingCountry>
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<bibRefCitation id="350F46B78E50FFF0FD91533F22B82DB2" author="Carpenter" box="[524,706,1384,1408]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" refString="Carpenter, P. H. (1881) Reports on the results of dredging under the supervision of Alexander Agassiz, in the Gulf of Mexico (1877 - 78), the Caribbean Sea (1878 - 79), and the east coast of the United States (1880). XVI. Preliminary report on the Comatulae. Bulletin of the Museum of Comparative Zoology, Harvard, 9 (4), 1 - 20, pl 1." type="journal article" year="1881">Carpenter, 1881</bibRefCitation>
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.
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</paragraph>
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||
</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="198468CD8E50FFF7FF5A53DA21862C3D" lastPageId="4" lastPageNumber="5" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" type="discussion">
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<paragraph id="51213B468E50FFF0FF5A53DA228B2F3E" blockId="3.[151,1437,1096,2021]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">
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<emphasis id="63EAE7548E50FFF0FF5A53DA21412D97" bold="true" box="[199,315,1421,1445]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Remarks.</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="350F46B78E50FFF0FEDE53DB219A2D96" author="Bather" box="[323,480,1420,1444]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" refString="Bather, F. A. (1900). The Echinoderma. In: Lankester, E. R. (Ed.) A Treatise on Zoology, Part 3. Adams and Charles Black, London. viii + 344 pp." type="book" year="1900">Bather (1900)</bibRefCitation>
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erected
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<taxonomicName id="969E40C58E50FFF0FDDD53DB22AD2D96" box="[576,727,1420,1444]" class="Crinoidea" family="Atelecrinidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Comatulida" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="family">Atelecrinidae</taxonomicName>
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for
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<taxonomicName id="969E40C58E50FFF0FC9553DA23FD2D97" box="[776,903,1421,1445]" class="Crinoidea" family="Atelecrinidae" genus="Atelecrinus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Comatulida" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="63EAE7548E50FFF0FC9553DA23FD2D97" box="[776,903,1421,1445]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Atelecrinus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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after first mentioning the family name without comment (
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<bibRefCitation id="350F46B78E50FFF0FE8F53E721DF2DFA" author="Bather" box="[274,421,1456,1480]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" refString="Bather, F. A. (1899) A phylogenetic classification of the Pelmatozoa. British Association for the Advancement of Science, Reports, 1898, 916 - 923." type="journal article" year="1899">Bather 1899</bibRefCitation>
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). Three genera have subsequently been variously added or removed. AH
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<bibRefCitation id="350F46B78E50FFF0FA9553E725E62DFA" author="Clark" box="[1288,1436,1456,1480]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" refString="Clark, A. H. (1912) Description of twenty new unstalked crinoids, belonging to the families Antedonidae and Atelecrinidae, from the Dutch East Indies. Notes from the Leyden Museum, 34, 129 - 155." type="journal article" year="1912">Clark (1912)</bibRefCitation>
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added monotypic
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<taxonomicName id="969E40C58E50FFF0FEF5538222292DDF" box="[360,595,1493,1517]" class="Crinoidea" family="Atopocrinidae" genus="Atopocrinus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Comatulida" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="sibogae">
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<emphasis id="63EAE7548E50FFF0FEF5538222292DDF" box="[360,595,1493,1517]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Atopocrinus sibogae</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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based on its tall conical centrodorsal, socket fulcral ridges, and similar proximal brachials, though he also noted similarities with the comatulids
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<taxonomicName id="969E40C58E50FFF0FC7C53AE24202E22" box="[993,1114,1529,1552]" class="Crinoidea" family="Zenometridae" genus="Zenometra" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Comatulida" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="63EAE7548E50FFF0FC7C53AE24202E22" box="[993,1114,1529,1552]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Zenometra</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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and
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<taxonomicName id="969E40C58E50FFF0FB0853AF25402E22" box="[1173,1338,1528,1552]" class="Crinoidea" family="Antedonidae" genus="Psathyrometra" kingdom="Animalia" order="Comatulida" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="63EAE7548E50FFF0FB0853AF25402E22" box="[1173,1338,1528,1552]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Psathyrometra</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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[then in
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<taxonomicName id="969E40C58E50FFF0FF0A504B21502E06" box="[151,298,1564,1588]" class="Crinoidea" family="Antedonidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Comatulida" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="family">Antedonidae</taxonomicName>
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; now in
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<taxonomicName id="969E40C58E50FFF0FE11504B231F2E06" authority="Messing and White 2001" authorityName="Messing and White" authorityYear="2001" box="[396,869,1564,1588]" class="Crinoidea" family="Zenometridae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Comatulida" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="family">
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Zenometridae (
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<bibRefCitation id="350F46B78E50FFF0FDA5504B23272E06" author="Messing" box="[568,861,1564,1588]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" refString="Messing, C. G. & White, C. M. (2001) A revision of the Zenometridae (new rank) (Echinodermata: Crinoidea: Comatulidina). Zoologica Scripta, 30, 3, 159 - 180. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.1046 / j. 1463 - 6409.2001.00062. x" type="journal article" year="2001">Messing and White 2001</bibRefCitation>
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)
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</taxonomicName>
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].
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<taxonomicName id="969E40C58E50FFF0FCEA504A247A2E07" box="[887,1024,1565,1589]" class="Crinoidea" family="Atopocrinidae" genus="Atopocrinus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Comatulida" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="63EAE7548E50FFF0FCEA504A247A2E07" box="[887,1024,1565,1589]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Atopocrinus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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also has five undivided rays similar to those of the comatulid
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<taxonomicName id="969E40C58E50FFF0FE25501622FA2E6A" box="[440,640,1601,1624]" class="Crinoidea" family="Pentametrocrinidae" genus="Pentametrocrinus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Comatulida" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="63EAE7548E50FFF0FE25501622FA2E6A" box="[440,640,1601,1624]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Pentametrocrinus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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AH Clark, 1908 (
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<taxonomicName id="969E40C58E50FFF0FCD1501724562E6A" box="[844,1068,1600,1624]" class="Crinoidea" family="Pentametrocrinidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Comatulida" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="family">Pentametrocrinidae</taxonomicName>
|
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), and a complete complement of pinnules. AH Clark (in
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<bibRefCitation id="350F46B78E50FFF0FE33503322D62E4E" author="Clark" box="[430,684,1636,1660]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" refString="Clark, A. H. & Clark, A. M. (1967) A monograph of the existing crinoids 1 (5). Bulletin of the United States National Museum, (82), 1 - 860." type="journal article" year="1967">Clark and Clark 1967</bibRefCitation>
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) added
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<taxonomicName id="969E40C58E50FFF0FC90503223DB2E4F" box="[781,929,1637,1661]" class="Crinoidea" family="Atelecrinidae" genus="Sibogacrinus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Comatulida" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="63EAE7548E50FFF0FC90503223DB2E4F" box="[781,929,1637,1661]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Sibogacrinus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
|
||
for
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<taxonomicName id="969E40C58E50FFF0FC4A503224B52E4F" box="[983,1231,1637,1661]" class="Crinoidea" family="Atelecrinidae" genus="Atelecrinus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Comatulida" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="anomalus">
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<emphasis id="63EAE7548E50FFF0FC4A503224B52E4F" box="[983,1231,1637,1661]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Atelecrinus anomalus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
|
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AH
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<bibRefCitation id="350F46B78E50FFF0FA90503325ED2E4E" author="Clark" box="[1293,1431,1636,1660]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" refString="Clark, A. H. (1912) Description of twenty new unstalked crinoids, belonging to the families Antedonidae and Atelecrinidae, from the Dutch East Indies. Notes from the Leyden Museum, 34, 129 - 155." type="journal article" year="1912">Clark, 1912</bibRefCitation>
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, which led AM Clark (in
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="350F46B78E50FFF0FE2550DF22C92E92" author="Clark" box="[440,691,1672,1696]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" refString="Clark, A. H. & Clark, A. M. (1967) A monograph of the existing crinoids 1 (5). Bulletin of the United States National Museum, (82), 1 - 860." type="journal article" year="1967">Clark and Clark 1967</bibRefCitation>
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) to diagnose the family with few uniting features and numerous exceptions, e.g., 10 arms or (in
|
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<taxonomicName id="969E40C58E50FFF0FD8850FA22E42EF7" box="[533,670,1709,1733]" class="Crinoidea" family="Atopocrinidae" genus="Atopocrinus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Comatulida" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="genus">
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||
<emphasis id="63EAE7548E50FFF0FD8850FA22E42EF7" box="[533,670,1709,1733]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Atopocrinus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
|
||
) 5 arms; centrodorsal with cirrus sockets flanked by “prominent elevations” [p. 811] sometimes forming a horseshoe-shaped ridge (except in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="969E40C58E50FFF0FB9C508724EF2EDA" box="[1025,1173,1744,1768]" class="Crinoidea" family="Atelecrinidae" genus="Sibogacrinus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Comatulida" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="63EAE7548E50FFF0FB9C508724EF2EDA" box="[1025,1173,1744,1768]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Sibogacrinus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
); pinnules absent from the first 12 or more brachials (except in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="969E40C58E50FFF0FDC550A2229B2F3F" box="[600,737,1781,1805]" class="Crinoidea" family="Atopocrinidae" genus="Atopocrinus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Comatulida" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="63EAE7548E50FFF0FDC550A2229B2F3F" box="[600,737,1781,1805]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Atopocrinus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="51213B468E50FFF7FF5A514F242B2956" blockId="3.[151,1437,1096,2021]" lastBlockId="4.[151,1436,151,1039]" lastPageId="4" lastPageNumber="5" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="350F46B78E50FFF0FF5A514F21192F02" author="Gislen" box="[199,355,1816,1840]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" refString="Gislen, T. (1924) Echinoderm Studies. Zoologiska bidrag fran Uppsala, 9, 1 - 316." type="journal article" year="1924">Gislén (1924)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
transferred Upper Cretaceous
|
||
<taxonomicName id="969E40C58E50FFF0FD5D514F24412F02" authority="Jaekel 1901" authorityName="Jaekel" authorityYear="1901" box="[704,1083,1816,1840]" class="Crinoidea" family="Atelecrinidae" genus="Atelecrinus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Comatulida" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="belgica">
|
||
<emphasis id="63EAE7548E50FFF0FD5D514F23E02F02" box="[704,922,1816,1840]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Atelecrinus belgica</emphasis>
|
||
(Jaekel 1901)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
to a new genus,
|
||
<emphasis id="63EAE7548E50FFF0FB63514F25EF2F02" box="[1278,1429,1816,1840]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Jaekelometra</emphasis>
|
||
, and removed it to the fossil family
|
||
<taxonomicName id="969E40C58E50FFF0FDB2516B22AB2F66" box="[559,721,1852,1876]" class="Crinoidea" family="Conometridae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Comatulidina" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="family">Conometridae</taxonomicName>
|
||
. Rasmussen and Sieverts-Doreck (1978) returned the genus to
|
||
<taxonomicName id="969E40C58E50FFF0FF0A513721542F4A" box="[151,302,1888,1912]" class="Crinoidea" family="Atelecrinidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Comatulida" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="family">Atelecrinidae</taxonomicName>
|
||
(see also
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="350F46B78E50FFF0FE36513622672F4A" author="Jagt" box="[427,541,1888,1913]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" refString="Jagt, J. W. M. (1999) Late Cretaceous-Early Palaeogene echinoderms and the K / T boundary in the southeast Netherlands and northeast Belgium, Part 2: Crinoids. Scripta Geologica, 116, 59 - 255, 46 pls." type="journal article" year="1999">Jagt 1999</bibRefCitation>
|
||
) but recognized only one feature common to the then four included genera (
|
||
<emphasis id="63EAE7548E50FFF0FF3D51D223742FAF" box="[160,782,1925,1949]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="969E40C58E50FFF0FF3D51D221592FAF" box="[160,291,1925,1949]" class="Crinoidea" family="Atelecrinidae" genus="Atelecrinus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Comatulida" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="genus">Atelecrinus</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="969E40C58E50FFF0FEAE51D221C52FAF" box="[307,447,1925,1949]" class="Crinoidea" family="Atopocrinidae" genus="Atopocrinus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Comatulida" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="genus">Atopocrinus</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="969E40C58E50FFF0FE4D51D223742FAF" authority="Jaekelometra" authorityName="Jaekelometra" box="[464,782,1925,1949]" class="Crinoidea" family="Atelecrinidae" genus="Sibogacrinus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Comatulida" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="genus">Sibogacrinus, Jaekelometra</taxonomicName>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
): cirrus sockets with a distinct fulcral ridge or pair of tubercles and a more or less prominent edge.
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="350F46B78E50FFF0FD3951FF232D2FF2" author="Messing" box="[676,855,1960,1984]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" refString="Messing, C. G. (2003) Unique morphology in the living bathyal feather star, Atelecrinus Carpenter (Echinodermata: Crinoidea). Invertebrate Biology 122 (3), 280 - 292. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.1111 / j. 1744 - 7410.2003. tb 00092. x" type="journal article" year="2003">Messing (2003)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
removed
|
||
<emphasis id="63EAE7548E50FFF0FC5651FF24182FF2" box="[971,1122,1960,1984]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Jaekelometra</emphasis>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="969E40C58E50FFF0FB0051FF254B2FF2" box="[1181,1329,1960,1984]" class="Crinoidea" family="Atelecrinidae" genus="Sibogacrinus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Comatulida" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="63EAE7548E50FFF0FB0051FF254B2FF2" box="[1181,1329,1960,1984]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Sibogacrinus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
from the family, because the tall thin basals of
|
||
<emphasis id="63EAE7548E50FFF0FDA1519922322FD7" box="[572,584,1998,2021]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">J</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="969E40C58E50FFF0FDCB519A23342FD6" authority="Jaekel, 1902" authorityName="Jaekel" authorityYear="1902" box="[598,846,1996,2021]" class="Crinoidea" family="Atelecrinidae" genus="Atelecrinus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Comatulida" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="belgica">
|
||
<emphasis id="63EAE7548E50FFF0FDCB519A22D22FD7" box="[598,680,1997,2021]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">belgica</emphasis>
|
||
(Jaekel, 1902)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<emphasis id="63EAE7548E50FFF0FC19519923EA2FD7" box="[900,912,1998,2021]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">J</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="63EAE7548E50FFF0FC03519A24662FD7" box="[926,1052,1997,2021]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">columnaris</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="350F46B78E50FFF0FBB9519B24CC2FD6" author="Gislen" box="[1060,1206,1996,2020]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" refString="Gislen, T. (1924) Echinoderm Studies. Zoologiska bidrag fran Uppsala, 9, 1 - 316." type="journal article" year="1924">Gislén, 1924</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, differed completely from the flattened wedge-shaped ossicles of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="969E40C58E57FFF7FD0756CF23632882" box="[666,793,152,176]" class="Crinoidea" family="Atelecrinidae" genus="Atelecrinus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Comatulida" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="63EAE7548E57FFF7FD0756CF23632882" box="[666,793,152,176]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">Atelecrinus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, and the tall basals of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="969E40C58E57FFF7FBB956CF24C22882" box="[1060,1208,152,176]" class="Crinoidea" family="Atelecrinidae" genus="Sibogacrinus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Comatulida" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="63EAE7548E57FFF7FBB956CF24C22882" box="[1060,1208,152,176]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">Sibogacrinus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(only known at the time in external view) appeared similar to those of
|
||
<emphasis id="63EAE7548E57FFF7FD4956EB231128E6" box="[724,875,188,212]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">Jaekelometra</emphasis>
|
||
. He also cited the basals of
|
||
<emphasis id="63EAE7548E57FFF7FB3B56EA24C828E6" box="[1190,1202,189,212]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">J</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="63EAE7548E57FFF7FB5D56EA257528E6" box="[1216,1295,189,212]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">meijeri</emphasis>
|
||
Rasmussen, 1961, as flattened and wedge-shaped, but small, without interior processes, and nestled within a much smaller central cavity than in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="969E40C58E57FFF7FE0B5753226C292E" box="[406,534,260,284]" class="Crinoidea" family="Atelecrinidae" genus="Atelecrinus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Comatulida" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="63EAE7548E57FFF7FE0B5753226C292E" box="[406,534,260,284]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">Atelecrinus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
; however, these were actually broken portions of typical
|
||
<emphasis id="63EAE7548E57FFF7FB2B57532537292E" box="[1206,1357,260,284]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">Jaekelometra</emphasis>
|
||
basals (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="350F46B78E57FFF7FF035770216A290D" author="Jagt" box="[158,272,295,319]" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" refString="Jagt, J. W. M. (1999) Late Cretaceous-Early Palaeogene echinoderms and the K / T boundary in the southeast Netherlands and northeast Belgium, Part 2: Crinoids. Scripta Geologica, 116, 59 - 255, 46 pls." type="journal article" year="1999">Jagt 1999</bibRefCitation>
|
||
) and possibly an extreme form of
|
||
<emphasis id="63EAE7548E57FFF7FD39577E22CD2972" box="[676,695,297,320]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">J.</emphasis>
|
||
group of
|
||
<emphasis id="63EAE7548E57FFF7FCB1577E23F32972" box="[812,905,297,320]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">concava</emphasis>
|
||
(Schlüter, 1878) (Hess, in
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="350F46B78E57FFF7FB59577F20A92956" author="Hess" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" refString="Hess, H. & Messing, C. G. (2011) Articulata. Treatise on Invertebrate Paleontology, Part T, Echinodermata 2 Revised, Crinoidea, vol. 3. Seldon, P. (Ed.), Ausich, W. I. (Coordinating Author). University of Kansas Paleontological Institute, Lawrence, KS, xxx + 261 p." type="book" year="2011">Hess and Messing, 2011</bibRefCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="350F46B78E57FFF7FF78571B21EC2956" author="Messing" box="[229,406,332,356]" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" refString="Messing, C. G. (2003) Unique morphology in the living bathyal feather star, Atelecrinus Carpenter (Echinodermata: Crinoidea). Invertebrate Biology 122 (3), 280 - 292. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.1111 / j. 1744 - 7410.2003. tb 00092. x" type="journal article" year="2003">Messing (2003)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
treated both
|
||
<taxonomicName id="969E40C58E57FFF7FDB5571B22C12956" box="[552,699,332,356]" class="Crinoidea" family="Atelecrinidae" genus="Sibogacrinus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Comatulida" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="63EAE7548E57FFF7FDB5571B22C12956" box="[552,699,332,356]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">Sibogacrinus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<emphasis id="63EAE7548E57FFF7FD6E571B23F02956" box="[755,906,332,356]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">Jaekelometra</emphasis>
|
||
as
|
||
<emphasis id="63EAE7548E57FFF7FC32571A24302956" box="[943,1098,332,356]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">incertae sedis</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="51213B468E57FFF7FF54572723D12AB6" blockId="4.[151,1436,151,1039]" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">
|
||
Most recently, new material of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="969E40C58E57FFF7FDBE572722D629BA" box="[547,684,368,392]" class="Crinoidea" family="Atopocrinidae" genus="Atopocrinus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Comatulida" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="63EAE7548E57FFF7FDBE572722D629BA" box="[547,684,368,392]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">Atopocrinus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
from
|
||
<collectingCountry id="29897BD68E57FFF7FD725727235529B5" box="[751,815,368,391]" name="Japan" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">Japan</collectingCountry>
|
||
has revealed a small rather than cavernous centrodorsal cavity, and five tongue-like basal rays instead of a complete basal ring (Messing, unpublished). Messing (in
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="350F46B78E57FFF7FAF857C2210D29FD" author="Hess" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" refString="Hess, H. & Messing, C. G. (2011) Articulata. Treatise on Invertebrate Paleontology, Part T, Echinodermata 2 Revised, Crinoidea, vol. 3. Seldon, P. (Ed.), Ausich, W. I. (Coordinating Author). University of Kansas Paleontological Institute, Lawrence, KS, xxx + 261 p." type="book" year="2011">Hess and Messing, 2011</bibRefCitation>
|
||
) placed the genus in the new family
|
||
<taxonomicName id="969E40C58E57FFF7FCDF57E0239829FD" box="[834,994,439,463]" class="Crinoidea" family="Atopocrinidae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Comatulida" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="family">Atopocrinidae</taxonomicName>
|
||
without superfamilial assignment. In
|
||
<emphasis id="63EAE7548E57FFF7FF0A578B215429C6" box="[151,302,476,500]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">Jaekelometra</emphasis>
|
||
, atelecrinid socket tubercles appear to be absent, the basals are tall and thin rather than wedgeshaped, and the oral surface of the centrodorsal varies widely, e.g., in
|
||
<emphasis id="63EAE7548E57FFF7FC54545623A72A2A" box="[969,989,513,536]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">J.</emphasis>
|
||
group of
|
||
<emphasis id="63EAE7548E57FFF7FBC9545624CB2A2A" box="[1108,1201,513,536]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">concava</emphasis>
|
||
, it may be flat with shallow interradial grooves or bear five large radial pits resembling those of the comatulid
|
||
<taxonomicName id="969E40C58E57FFF7FB4F547222692A6D" authority="Mortensen, 1917" authorityName="Mortensen" authorityYear="1917" class="Crinoidea" family="Notocrinidae" genus="Notocrinus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Comatulida" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="virilis">
|
||
<emphasis id="63EAE7548E57FFF7FB4F547225E62A0E" box="[1234,1436,548,572]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">Notocrinus virilis</emphasis>
|
||
Mortensen, 1917 (Notocrinidae)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="350F46B78E57FFF7FDB6541022DC2A6D" author="Jagt" box="[555,678,583,607]" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" refString="Jagt, J. W. M. (1999) Late Cretaceous-Early Palaeogene echinoderms and the K / T boundary in the southeast Netherlands and northeast Belgium, Part 2: Crinoids. Scripta Geologica, 116, 59 - 255, 46 pls." type="journal article" year="1999">Jagt 1999</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). Hess (in
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="350F46B78E57FFF7FCA4541F24122A6D" author="Hess" box="[825,1128,583,607]" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" refString="Hess, H. & Messing, C. G. (2011) Articulata. Treatise on Invertebrate Paleontology, Part T, Echinodermata 2 Revised, Crinoidea, vol. 3. Seldon, P. (Ed.), Ausich, W. I. (Coordinating Author). University of Kansas Paleontological Institute, Lawrence, KS, xxx + 261 p." type="book" year="2011">Hess and Messing, 2011</bibRefCitation>
|
||
) erected the new family Jaekelometridae for this genus, also without superfamilial assignment.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="51213B468E57FFF7FF5454D8255D2B27" blockId="4.[151,1436,151,1039]" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">
|
||
Reexamination of the unique but now deteriorated
|
||
<typeStatus id="8E2585E48E57FFF7FC9754C723402A9A" box="[778,826,656,680]" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">type</typeStatus>
|
||
specimen of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="969E40C58E57FFF7FC4E54C724272A9A" box="[979,1117,656,680]" class="Crinoidea" family="Atelecrinidae" genus="Atelecrinus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Comatulida" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="anomalus">
|
||
<emphasis id="63EAE7548E57FFF7FC4E54C724272A9A" box="[979,1117,656,680]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">S. anomalus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(Messing, unpublished) has revealed thick, wedge-shaped basals more similar to those of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="969E40C58E57FFF7FCFD54E3239A2AFE" box="[864,992,692,716]" class="Crinoidea" family="Atelecrinidae" genus="Atelecrinus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Comatulida" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="63EAE7548E57FFF7FCFD54E3239A2AFE" box="[864,992,692,716]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">Atelecrinus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
than
|
||
<emphasis id="63EAE7548E57FFF7FBBE54E324C02AFE" box="[1059,1210,692,716]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">Jaekelometra</emphasis>
|
||
. The cirrus sockets also bear weak triangular fulcral processes.
|
||
<collectingCountry id="29897BD68E57FFF7FD09548F22C92AC2" box="[660,691,728,752]" name="American Samoa" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">As</collectingCountry>
|
||
a result,
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="350F46B78E57FFF7FCBE548E24332ADD" author="Hess" box="[803,1097,727,752]" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" refString="Hess, H. & Messing, C. G. (2011) Articulata. Treatise on Invertebrate Paleontology, Part T, Echinodermata 2 Revised, Crinoidea, vol. 3. Seldon, P. (Ed.), Ausich, W. I. (Coordinating Author). University of Kansas Paleontological Institute, Lawrence, KS, xxx + 261 p." type="book" year="2011">Hess and Messing (2011)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
retained
|
||
<taxonomicName id="969E40C58E57FFF7FB2B548F25302AC2" box="[1206,1354,728,752]" class="Crinoidea" family="Atelecrinidae" genus="Sibogacrinus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Comatulida" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="63EAE7548E57FFF7FB2B548F25302AC2" box="[1206,1354,728,752]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">Sibogacrinus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
within
|
||
<taxonomicName id="969E40C58E57FFF7FF0A54AB214B2B26" box="[151,305,764,788]" class="Crinoidea" family="Atelecrinidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Comatulida" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="family">Atelecrinidae</taxonomicName>
|
||
, although its centrodorsal cavity is much less spacious than in the other atelecrinid genera.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="51213B468E57FFF7FF5A554821862C3D" blockId="4.[151,1436,151,1039]" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">
|
||
Within the
|
||
<taxonomicName id="969E40C58E57FFF7FEC4554821892B05" box="[345,499,799,823]" class="Crinoidea" family="Atelecrinidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Comatulida" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="family">Atelecrinidae</taxonomicName>
|
||
, relationships among the four genera included in this paper appear to be (
|
||
<taxonomicName id="969E40C58E57FFF7FF3D5513214E2B6E" box="[160,308,836,860]" class="Crinoidea" family="Atelecrinidae" genus="Sibogacrinus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Comatulida" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="63EAE7548E57FFF7FF3D5513214E2B6E" box="[160,308,836,860]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">Sibogacrinus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(
|
||
<taxonomicName id="969E40C58E57FFF7FED7551321B02B6E" box="[330,458,836,860]" class="Crinoidea" family="Atelecrinidae" genus="Atelecrinus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Comatulida" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="63EAE7548E57FFF7FED7551321B02B6E" box="[330,458,836,860]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">Atelecrinus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(
|
||
<taxonomicName id="969E40C58E57FFF7FE7D551322EA2B6E" box="[480,656,836,860]" class="Crinoidea" family="Atelecrinidae" genus="Adelatelecrinus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Comatulida" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="63EAE7548E57FFF7FE7D551322EA2B6E" box="[480,656,836,860]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">Adelatelecrinus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
+
|
||
<taxonomicName id="969E40C58E57FFF7FD3D5513233C2B6E" box="[672,838,836,860]" class="Crinoidea" family="Atelecrinidae" genus="Paratelecrinus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Comatulida" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="63EAE7548E57FFF7FD3D5513233C2B6E" box="[672,838,836,860]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">Paratelecrinus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
)). The latter three share a cavernous centrodorsal cavity, distinctive projecting fulcral tubercles, thin rather than thick basals, and much longer cirri with more elongated segments.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="969E40C58E57FFF7FE1D55DB224A2B96" box="[384,560,908,932]" class="Crinoidea" family="Atelecrinidae" genus="Adelatelecrinus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Comatulida" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="63EAE7548E57FFF7FE1D55DB224A2B96" box="[384,560,908,932]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">Adelatelecrinus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="969E40C58E57FFF7FDF855DB23762B96" box="[613,780,908,932]" class="Crinoidea" family="Atelecrinidae" genus="Paratelecrinus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Comatulida" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="63EAE7548E57FFF7FDF855DB23762B96" box="[613,780,908,932]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">Paratelecrinus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
group together on the basis of their common possession of 5 hollow, interradial buttresses in the centrodorsal cavity that open adorally as deep, ring-shaped pits, whereas
|
||
<taxonomicName id="969E40C58E57FFF7FF0A5583216D2BDE" box="[151,279,980,1004]" class="Crinoidea" family="Atelecrinidae" genus="Atelecrinus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Comatulida" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="63EAE7548E57FFF7FF0A5583216D2BDE" box="[151,279,980,1004]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">Atelecrinus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
has shallow interradial depressions (see also
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="350F46B78E57FFF7FCAC558323A22BDE" author="Messing" box="[817,984,980,1004]" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" refString="Messing, C. G. (2003) Unique morphology in the living bathyal feather star, Atelecrinus Carpenter (Echinodermata: Crinoidea). Invertebrate Biology 122 (3), 280 - 292. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.1111 / j. 1744 - 7410.2003. tb 00092. x" type="journal article" year="2003">Messing 2003</bibRefCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
<tableCitation id="1C1C0EFD8E57FFF7FC735583243F2BDE" box="[1006,1093,980,1004]" captionStart="TABLE 1" captionStartId="5.[125,202,527,548]" captionTargetBox="[135,1956,724,1577]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="TABLE 1. Τabular key tο species οf Atelecrinidae. Abbreviatiοns ∶ character absent (-); character present (+); character unknοwn (?); ratiο οf centrοdοrsal height tο basal diameter (HD); small specimens (sm); large specimens (lg). Cοlοns (∶) separate different characters within a cell. Semicοlοns (;) separate a character present in all οf the preceding character states, e. g., a basal may be οf unifοrm height whether straight οr gently arched (Straight οr gently arched; unifοrm height). NΟΤE ∶ Althοugh bοth Adelatelecrinus and Paratelecrinus are diagnοsed as having adοral pits in the centrοdοrsal rim, and the ligament-filled gap between centrοdοrsal and basals has sο far cοrrespοnded with their presence, this character is listed as? fοr thοse species that have nοt been dissοciated the presence οf pits verified." httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/05E16BCE8E56FFF6FFE0545821D22AA2" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" tableUuid="05E16BCE8E56FFF6FFE0545821D22AA2">Table 1</tableCitation>
|
||
provides a tabular key to all named species in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="969E40C58E57FFF7FEC055A021822C3D" box="[349,504,1015,1039]" class="Crinoidea" family="Atelecrinidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Comatulida" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="family">Atelecrinidae</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |