453 lines
64 KiB
XML
453 lines
64 KiB
XML
<document id="A55E99EC99714C29F1DA49AA24C3FB11" ID-CLB-Dataset="198867" ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.5213.4.3" ID-GBIF-Dataset="1076c5fd-90bf-495b-83d2-579e6ea3b56a" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="7381394" ID-ZooBank="B5C1E409-DF40-4BDE-9702-DE79C3A252A9" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1669809047837" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Ballarin, Francesco & Eguchi, Katsuyuki" docDate="2022" docId="D92987FD676BFFCFBCC7FF52FAA3FE7A" docLanguage="en" docName="zootaxa.5213.4.3.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 5213 (4)" docStyle="DocumentStyle:647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D.9:Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleId="647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="9" docTitle="Masirana longipalpis Komatsu 1972" docType="treatment" docVersion="7" lastPageNumber="385" masterDocId="2510FF856761FFC1BC50FFC5FFF6FFD7" masterDocTitle="Taxonomic notes on leptonetid spiders from the Ryukyu Archipelago with the description of two new species and the first record of the genus Longileptoneta from Japan (Araneae: Leptonetidae)" masterLastPageNumber="387" masterPageNumber="371" pageNumber="381" updateTime="1699412544694" updateUser="ExternalLinkService" zenodo-license-document="CLOSED">
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<mods:title id="3DB72DDA493F2B2D3BAF13AFF528B8A1">Taxonomic notes on leptonetid spiders from the Ryukyu Archipelago with the description of two new species and the first record of the genus Longileptoneta from Japan (Araneae: Leptonetidae)</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="46FFA3C7DF05AA6DD1D924BA6CD60D4B">Ballarin, Francesco</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="85C1CA634333160A4B42A8535A52F548">Systematic Zoology Laboratory, Department of Biological Sciences, Tokyo Metropolitan University, 1 - 1 Minami-Osawa, Hachioji-shi, 192 - 0397, Tokyo, Japan. https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0002 - 1054 - 1295 & Department of Zoology, Museo di Storia Naturale of Verona, Lungadige Porta Vittoria, 9, I- 37129 Verona, Italy.</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="54632BE7E46C27DD53874E155D8ECDEC">Eguchi, Katsuyuki</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="734C614E68C1AD7603233743AE39DB98">Systematic Zoology Laboratory, Department of Biological Sciences, Tokyo Metropolitan University, 1 - 1 Minami-Osawa, Hachioji-shi, 192 - 0397, Tokyo, Japan. https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0002 - 1054 - 1295</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:title id="FCC3B420308967D28CB7828889EAA094">Zootaxa</mods:title>
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<mods:date id="EAF5EFCC31A18AD9285BD64EA6377306">2022</mods:date>
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<treatment id="D92987FD676BFFCFBCC7FF52FAA3FE7A" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7383529" ID-GBIF-Taxon="205334649" ID-Zenodo-Dep="7383529" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:D92987FD676BFFCFBCC7FF52FAA3FE7A" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/D92987FD676BFFCFBCC7FF52FAA3FE7A" lastPageId="14" lastPageNumber="385" pageId="10" pageNumber="381">
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<taxonomicName id="96804D68676BFFCBBCC7FF52FDABFF66" ID-CoL="3YBLG" authority="Komatsu, 1972" authorityName="Komatsu" authorityYear="1972" box="[151,605,151,178]" class="Arachnida" family="Leptonetidae" genus="Masirana" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="10" pageNumber="381" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="longipalpis">
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<emphasis id="63F4EAF9676BFFCBBCC7FF52FDABFF66" bold="true" box="[151,605,151,178]" pageId="10" pageNumber="381">
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<emphasis id="63F4EAF9676BFFCBBCC7FF52FE6CFF65" bold="true" box="[151,410,151,178]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="381">Masirana longipalpis</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="35114B1A676BFFCBBDF1FF52FDABFF66" author="Komatsu, T." box="[417,605,151,177]" pageId="10" pageNumber="381" pagination="82 - 85" refId="ref8559" refString="Komatsu, T. (1972) Two new cave spiders from Okinawa Island (genera Falcileptoneta and Masirana, Leptonetidae). Acta Arachnologica, 24 (2), 82 - 85. https: // doi. org / 10.2476 / asjaa. 24.82" type="journal article" year="1972">Komatsu, 1972</bibRefCitation>
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<figureCitation id="C9BB2A6E676BFFCBBCC7FF7EFEF8FF02" box="[151,270,187,213]" captionStart="FIGURE 7" captionStartId="11.[152,255,1942,1966]" captionTargetBox="[174,1414,181,1918]" captionTargetId="figure-19@11.[174,1414,181,1918]" captionTargetPageId="11" captionText="FIGURE 7. Male palp of Masirana longipalpis from Abutogama cave, Okinawa-honto. A palp, prolateral view; B same, retrolateral view; C tip of palp, prolateral view; D same, retrolateral view; E same, dorsal view; F same, ventral view. Scale bars: A, B = 0.2 mm; C–F = 0.1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7381418" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7381418/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="381">Figs.7A–F</figureCitation>
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,
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<figureCitation id="C9BB2A6E676BFFCBBD4AFF7EFEA1FF02" box="[282,343,187,213]" captionStart="FIGURE 8" captionStartId="12.[152,255,1832,1856]" captionTargetBox="[218,1369,181,1808]" captionTargetId="figure-25@12.[218,1369,181,1809]" captionTargetPageId="12" captionText="FIGURE 8. male and female of Masirana longipalpis. A male from Nisshu-do cave, Okinawa-honto Is., tip of palp retrolateral view; B same, ventral view; C female from Nisshu-do cave, frontal view; D habitus of female from Fukubukuîzâ cave, Ishigakijima Is., dorsal view; E internal genitalia of female from Abuntogama cave, ventral view; F same, dorsal view; G habitus of male from Abuntogama cave, dorsal view; H same, habitus of female; I same, frontal view.Abbreviations:AT = atrium; E = embolus; MS = median sclerite; RS = retrolateral sclerite; S = spermathecae; SS = spermathecae stalk; TA = tibial apophyses. Scale bars: A–B = 0.1 mm, C, E, F, I = 0.2; D, G, H = 0.5 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7381424" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7381424/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="381">8A–I</figureCitation>
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,
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<figureCitation id="C9BB2A6E676BFFCBBD32FF7EFE50FF02" box="[354,422,187,213]" captionStart="FIGURE 9" captionStartId="13.[152,255,1756,1780]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,381,1732]" captionTargetId="figure-126@13.[151,1436,381,1732]" captionTargetPageId="13" captionText="FIGURE 9. male and female of Masirana longipalpis from Okinawa in life A male from Nisshu-do cave, lateral view; B same, female; C same, female frontal view (photos by F. Ballarin); D female in its natural habitat (photo by Y. Suzuki)" figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7381426" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7381426/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="381">9A–D</figureCitation>
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<paragraph id="513F36EB676BFFCBBCC7FEC5FD37FECF" blockId="10.[151,705,255,310]" box="[151,705,255,280]" pageId="10" pageNumber="381">
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<taxonomicName id="96804D68676BFFCBBCC7FEC5FDCAFECF" ID-CoL="3YBLG" authority="Komatsu, 1972: 83" authorityName="Komatsu" authorityPageNumber="83" authorityYear="1972" box="[151,572,256,280]" class="Arachnida" family="Leptonetidae" genus="Masirana" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="10" pageNumber="381" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="longipalpis">
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<emphasis id="63F4EAF9676BFFCBBCC7FEC5FE84FECF" box="[151,370,256,280]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="381">Masirana longipalpis</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="35114B1A676BFFCBBD28FEC5FDCAFECF" author="Komatsu, T." box="[376,572,256,280]" pageId="10" pageNumber="381" pagination="82 - 85" refId="ref8559" refString="Komatsu, T. (1972) Two new cave spiders from Okinawa Island (genera Falcileptoneta and Masirana, Leptonetidae). Acta Arachnologica, 24 (2), 82 - 85. https: // doi. org / 10.2476 / asjaa. 24.82" type="journal article" year="1972">Komatsu, 1972: 83</bibRefCitation>
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, f. 6-9 (
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).
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="513F36EB676BFFCBBCC7FEDAFD86FEE1" blockId="10.[151,705,255,310]" box="[151,624,286,310]" pageId="10" pageNumber="381">
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<treatmentCitation id="D02110FA676BFFCBBCC7FEDAFDE4FEE1" author="Shimojana, M." box="[151,530,286,310]" page="347" pageId="10" pageNumber="381" year="1977">
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<taxonomicName id="96804D68676BFFCBBCC7FEDAFDE4FEE1" ID-CoL="3YBLG" authority="Shimojana, 1977: 347" authorityName="Shimojana" authorityPageNumber="347" authorityYear="1977" box="[151,530,286,310]" class="Arachnida" family="Leptonetidae" genus="Masirana" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="10" pageNumber="381" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="longipalpis">
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<emphasis id="63F4EAF9676BFFCBBCC7FEDAFEDDFEE1" box="[151,299,286,310]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="381">M. longipalpis</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="35114B1A676BFFCBBD61FEDBFDE4FEE1" author="Shimojana, M." box="[305,530,286,310]" pageId="10" pageNumber="381" pagination="337 - 365" refId="ref8780" refString="Shimojana, M. (1977) Preliminary report on the cave spider fauna of the Ryukyu Archipelago. Acta Arachnologica, 27 (Spec. No.), 337 - 365. https: // doi. org / 10.2476 / asjaa. 27. Specialnumber _ 337" type="journal article" year="1977">Shimojana, 1977: 347</bibRefCitation>
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, f. 3 (
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<specimenCount id="4786FD62676BFFCBBE1EFEDBFD95FEE1" box="[590,611,286,310]" pageId="10" pageNumber="381" type="male">♂</specimenCount>
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).
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<paragraph id="513F36EB676BFFCBBCC7FEA1FB8CFEA8" blockId="10.[151,1437,356,2039]" box="[151,1146,356,383]" pageId="10" pageNumber="381">
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<emphasis id="63F4EAF9676BFFCBBCC7FEA1FEB6FEA8" bold="true" box="[151,320,356,383]" pageId="10" pageNumber="381">DNA barcode.</emphasis>
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GenBank accession number:
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<accessionNumber id="4ED3AB08676BFFCBBEDFFEA1FCF0FEA9" box="[655,774,356,382]" httpUri="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/nuccore/OP680016" pageId="10" pageNumber="381" type="GenBank">OP680016</accessionNumber>
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(specimen from Nisshudo cave).
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<collectingCounty id="B85E4E67676BFFCBBC97FE4DFEDBFE75" box="[199,301,392,418]" pageId="10" pageNumber="381">Material</collectingCounty>
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examined.
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</emphasis>
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<materialsCitation id="E1E83CB6676BFFCBBDEDFE4DFD30FE3C" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3979374315" collectionCode="FBPC, MSNVR" country="Japan" county="Okinawa-honto Is." elevation="40" latitude="26.70075" location="Shinzato" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="127.89205" municipality="Motobu-cho" pageId="10" pageNumber="381" specimenCount="16" specimenCount-female="8" specimenCount-male="8" stateProvince="Okinawa">
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—
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,
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<collectingCounty id="B85E4E67676BFFCBBEA4FE4DFC25FE74" box="[756,979,392,419]" pageId="10" pageNumber="381">Okinawa-honto Is.</collectingCounty>
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:
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<collectingCounty id="B85E4E67676BFFCBBFB7FE4DFB7DFE75" box="[999,1163,392,418]" pageId="10" pageNumber="381">Kunigami-gun</collectingCounty>
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:
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<collectingMunicipality id="B15BAC91676BFFCBB8CAFE4DFAD0FE75" box="[1178,1318,392,418]" pageId="10" pageNumber="381">Motobu-cho</collectingMunicipality>
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:
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<location id="545F6030676BFFCBB966FE4DFA6FFE75" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:D92987FD676BFFCFBCC7FF52FAA3FE7A:545F6030676BFFCBB966FE4DFA6FFE75" box="[1334,1433,392,418]" country="Japan" county="Okinawa-honto Is." latitude="26.70075" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="127.89205" municipality="Motobu-cho" name="Shinzato" pageId="10" pageNumber="381" stateProvince="Okinawa">Shinzato</location>
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,
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<location id="545F6030676BFFCBBCC7FE69FEA8FE10" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:D92987FD676BFFCFBCC7FF52FAA3FE7A:545F6030676BFFCBBCC7FE69FEA8FE10" box="[151,350,428,455]" country="Japan" county="Okinawa-honto Is." latitude="26.70075" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="127.89205" municipality="Motobu-cho" name="Abuntogama cave" pageId="10" pageNumber="381" stateProvince="Okinawa">Abuntogama cave</location>
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(アブントーガマ),
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,
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,
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a.s.l.
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, slightly humid cave, twilight and dark zone,
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,
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(
|
||
<specimenCount id="4786FD62676BFFCBBD14FE14FE9EFE3C" box="[324,360,465,491]" pageId="10" pageNumber="381" type="male">3♂</specimenCount>
|
||
,
|
||
<specimenCount id="4786FD62676BFFCBBD27FE14FE6FFE3C" box="[375,409,465,491]" pageId="10" pageNumber="381" type="female">3♀</specimenCount>
|
||
<collectionCode id="3791AE2E676BFFCBBDF3FE14FE1CFE3C" box="[419,490,465,491]" pageId="10" pageNumber="381">FBPC</collectionCode>
|
||
;
|
||
<specimenCount id="4786FD62676BFFCBBDA8FE14FDEAFE3C" box="[504,540,465,491]" pageId="10" pageNumber="381" type="male">1♂</specimenCount>
|
||
,
|
||
<specimenCount id="4786FD62676BFFCBBE7BFE14FDB8FE3C" box="[555,590,465,491]" pageId="10" pageNumber="381" type="female">1♀</specimenCount>
|
||
<collectionCode id="3791AE2E676BFFCBBE07FE14FD4BFE3C" box="[599,701,465,491]" country="Italy" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/5eei-dqyd" name="Museo Civico di Storia Naturale di Verona" pageId="10" pageNumber="381">MSNVR</collectionCode>
|
||
)
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<date id="253E102B676BFFCBBE83FE15FC86FE3C" box="[723,880,464,491]" pageId="10" pageNumber="381" value="2020-11-16">16 Nov. 2020</date>
|
||
, F. Ballarin leg.;
|
||
<materialsCitation id="E1E83CB6676BFFCBB867FE15FEF3FD80" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3979374303" collectionCode="FBPC, MNHAH, MSNVR" country="Japan" county="Kin-cho" elevation="71" latitude="26.4553" location="Nisshudo cave" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="127.9217" municipality="Kin-Kannonji Temple" pageId="10" pageNumber="381" specimenCount="28" specimenCount-female="22" specimenCount-male="6" stateProvince="Okinawa">
|
||
<collectingCounty id="B85E4E67676BFFCBB867FE15FB65FE3D" box="[1079,1171,464,490]" pageId="10" pageNumber="381">Kin-cho</collectingCounty>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingMunicipality id="B15BAC91676BFFCBB8F2FE15FA6EFE3D" box="[1186,1432,464,490]" pageId="10" pageNumber="381">Kin-Kannonji Temple</collectingMunicipality>
|
||
,
|
||
<location id="545F6030676BFFCBBCC7FE31FEC1FDD8" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:D92987FD676BFFCFBCC7FF52FAA3FE7A:545F6030676BFFCBBCC7FE31FEC1FDD8" box="[151,311,500,527]" country="Japan" county="Kin-cho" latitude="26.4553" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="127.9217" municipality="Kin-Kannonji Temple" name="Nisshudo cave" pageId="10" pageNumber="381" stateProvince="Okinawa">Nisshudo cave</location>
|
||
(HĄ洞 =
|
||
<location id="545F6030676BFFCBBDE5FE31FDA0FDD8" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:D92987FD676BFFCFBCC7FF52FAA3FE7A:545F6030676BFFCBBDE5FE31FDA0FDD8" box="[437,598,500,527]" country="Japan" county="Kin-cho" latitude="26.4553" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="127.9217" municipality="Kin-Kannonji Temple" name="Kannonji cave" pageId="10" pageNumber="381" stateProvince="Okinawa">Kannonji cave</location>
|
||
, ṞǠ寺Ặ乳洞) (
|
||
<typeStatus id="8E3B8849676BFFCBBF4CFE30FCBBFDD8" box="[796,845,501,527]" pageId="10" pageNumber="381">type</typeStatus>
|
||
locality),
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="34B4502C676BFFCBBFEAFE31FBB5FDD8" box="[954,1091,500,527]" degrees="26.45530" direction="north" orientation="latitude" pageId="10" pageNumber="381" precision="1" value="26.4553">26.45530°N</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="34B4502C676BFFCBB81DFE30FB29FDD8" box="[1101,1247,501,527]" degrees="127.92170" direction="east" orientation="longitude" pageId="10" pageNumber="381" precision="1" value="127.9217">127.92170°E</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<elevation id="DAADD1D8676BFFCBB8BAFE30FAACFDD9" box="[1258,1370,500,527]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.1" pageId="10" pageNumber="381" unit="m" value="71.0">
|
||
<quantity id="96789B0E676BFFCBB8BAFE30FAD7FDD8" box="[1258,1313,501,527]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.1" pageId="10" pageNumber="381" unit="m" value="71.0">71 m</quantity>
|
||
a.s.l.
|
||
</elevation>
|
||
, large and humid cave, twilight and dark zone (temp: 20.3˚C, hum: 98.7%),
|
||
<specimenCount id="4786FD62676BFFCBBFC1FDDCFC43FDE4" box="[913,949,537,563]" pageId="10" pageNumber="381" type="male">3♂</specimenCount>
|
||
,
|
||
<specimenCount id="4786FD62676BFFCBBF91FDDCFC06FDE4" box="[961,1008,537,563]" pageId="10" pageNumber="381" type="female">11♀</specimenCount>
|
||
(
|
||
<specimenCount id="4786FD62676BFFCBBFAFFDDCFBD2FDE4" box="[1023,1060,537,563]" pageId="10" pageNumber="381" type="male">2♂</specimenCount>
|
||
,
|
||
<specimenCount id="4786FD62676BFFCBB87FFDDDFBA4FDE5" box="[1071,1106,536,562]" pageId="10" pageNumber="381" type="female">6♀</specimenCount>
|
||
<collectionCode id="3791AE2E676BFFCBB809FDDCFB56FDE4" box="[1113,1184,537,563]" pageId="10" pageNumber="381">FBPC</collectionCode>
|
||
;
|
||
<specimenCount id="4786FD62676BFFCBB8FAFDDCFB38FDE4" box="[1194,1230,537,563]" pageId="10" pageNumber="381" type="male">1♂</specimenCount>
|
||
,
|
||
<specimenCount id="4786FD62676BFFCBB88AFDDCFB0AFDE4" box="[1242,1276,537,563]" pageId="10" pageNumber="381" type="female">3♀</specimenCount>
|
||
<collectionCode id="3791AE2E676BFFCBB953FDDCFA99FDE4" box="[1283,1391,537,563]" pageId="10" pageNumber="381">MNHAH</collectionCode>
|
||
;
|
||
<specimenCount id="4786FD62676BFFCBB92AFDDCFA6AFDE4" box="[1402,1436,537,563]" pageId="10" pageNumber="381" type="female">2♀</specimenCount>
|
||
<collectionCode id="3791AE2E676BFFCBBCC7FDF8FF0BFD80" box="[151,253,573,599]" country="Italy" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/5eei-dqyd" name="Museo Civico di Storia Naturale di Verona" pageId="10" pageNumber="381">MSNVR</collectionCode>
|
||
)
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<date id="253E102B676BFFCBBD40FDF9FE75FD80" box="[272,387,572,599]" pageId="10" pageNumber="381" value="2022-05-15">
|
||
15.
|
||
<collectionCode id="3791AE2E676BFFCBBD7DFDF9FEB4FD80" box="[301,322,572,599]" country="Canada" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:13946" name="Royal British Columbia Museum - Herbarium" pageId="10" pageNumber="381" type="Museum">V</collectionCode>
|
||
.2022
|
||
</date>
|
||
, F. Ballarin & M. Araki leg.—
|
||
<materialsCitation id="E1E83CB6676BFFCBBE80FDF9FDA1FD49" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3979374314" collectingDate="2020-11-09" collectionCode="MNHAH" collectorName="F. Ballarin" country="Japan" county="Ishigaki-jima Is." elevation="66" latitude="24.36533" location="Fukubukuiza cave" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="124.17721" municipality="Tonoshiro" pageId="10" pageNumber="381" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-male="1" stateProvince="Okinawa">
|
||
<emphasis id="63F4EAF9676BFFCBBE80FDF9FC79FD80" bold="true" box="[720,911,572,599]" pageId="10" pageNumber="381">
|
||
<collectingCounty id="B85E4E67676BFFCBBE80FDF9FC79FD80" box="[720,911,572,599]" pageId="10" pageNumber="381">Ishigaki-jima Is.</collectingCounty>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
:
|
||
<collectingCounty id="B85E4E67676BFFCBBFCEFDF9FBD5FD81" box="[926,1059,572,598]" pageId="10" pageNumber="381">Ishigaki-shi</collectingCounty>
|
||
:
|
||
<collectingMunicipality id="B15BAC91676BFFCBB87CFDF9FB6BFD81" box="[1068,1181,572,598]" pageId="10" pageNumber="381">Tonoshiro</collectingMunicipality>
|
||
,
|
||
<location id="545F6030676BFFCBB8F8FDF9FA86FD80" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:D92987FD676BFFCFBCC7FF52FAA3FE7A:545F6030676BFFCBB8F8FDF9FA86FD80" box="[1192,1392,572,599]" country="Japan" county="Ishigaki-jima Is." latitude="24.36533" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="124.17721" municipality="Tonoshiro" name="Fukubukuiza cave" pageId="10" pageNumber="381" stateProvince="Okinawa">Fukubukuîzâ cave</location>
|
||
(フ クブクイーザー, AE1洞),
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="34B4502C676BFFCBBD92FDA5FDBCFDAC" box="[450,586,608,635]" degrees="24.36533" direction="north" orientation="latitude" pageId="10" pageNumber="381" precision="1" value="24.36533">24.36533°N</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="34B4502C676BFFCBBE05FDA4FD11FDAC" box="[597,743,609,635]" degrees="124.17721" direction="east" orientation="longitude" pageId="10" pageNumber="381" precision="1" value="124.17721">124.17721°E</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<elevation id="DAADD1D8676BFFCBBEA2FDA5FC92FDAD" box="[754,868,608,635]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.6" pageId="10" pageNumber="381" unit="m" value="66.0">
|
||
<quantity id="96789B0E676BFFCBBEA2FDA5FCDCFDAC" box="[754,810,608,635]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.6" pageId="10" pageNumber="381" unit="m" value="66.0">66 m</quantity>
|
||
a.s.l.
|
||
</elevation>
|
||
, long cave humid with a small creek, dark zone,
|
||
<specimenCount id="4786FD62676BFFCBB92AFDA4FA6BFDAC" box="[1402,1437,609,635]" pageId="10" pageNumber="381" type="male">1♂</specimenCount>
|
||
(
|
||
<collectionCode id="3791AE2E676BFFCBBCCFFD40FEFBFD48" box="[159,269,645,671]" pageId="10" pageNumber="381">MNHAH</collectionCode>
|
||
),
|
||
<date id="253E102B676BFFCBBD4FFD40FE5EFD48" box="[287,424,645,671]" pageId="10" pageNumber="381" value="2020-11-09">
|
||
<collectingDate id="357AE9C3676BFFCBBD4FFD40FE5EFD48" box="[287,424,645,671]" pageId="10" pageNumber="381" value="2020-11-09">9 Nov. 2020</collectingDate>
|
||
</date>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectorName id="FC75533D676BFFCBBDE3FD40FDD3FD49" box="[435,549,644,671]" pageId="10" pageNumber="381">F. Ballarin</collectorName>
|
||
leg.
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<materialsCitation id="E1E83CB6676BFFCBBE32FD40FB0BFD49" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3979374308" box="[610,1277,644,671]" collectingDate="2020-11-11" collectionCode="FBPC" collectorName="F. Ballarin" country="Japan" county="Ishigaki-jima Is." elevation="66" latitude="24.36533" location="Fukubukuiza cave" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="124.17721" municipality="Tonoshiro" pageId="10" pageNumber="381" specimenCount="10" specimenCount-female="9" specimenCount-male="1" stateProvince="Okinawa">
|
||
same locality,
|
||
<specimenCount id="4786FD62676BFFCBBEAFFD40FCD5FD48" box="[767,803,645,671]" pageId="10" pageNumber="381" type="male">1♂</specimenCount>
|
||
,
|
||
<specimenCount id="4786FD62676BFFCBBF7FFD40FCA7FD48" box="[815,849,645,671]" pageId="10" pageNumber="381" type="female">9♀</specimenCount>
|
||
(
|
||
<collectionCode id="3791AE2E676BFFCBBF30FD40FC5EFD48" box="[864,936,645,671]" pageId="10" pageNumber="381">FBPC</collectionCode>
|
||
),
|
||
<date id="253E102B676BFFCBBFEBFD40FBA6FD48" box="[955,1104,645,671]" pageId="10" pageNumber="381" value="2020-11-11">
|
||
<collectingDate id="357AE9C3676BFFCBBFEBFD40FBA6FD48" box="[955,1104,645,671]" pageId="10" pageNumber="381" value="2020-11-11">11 Nov. 2020</collectingDate>
|
||
</date>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectorName id="FC75533D676BFFCBB80BFD40FB38FD49" box="[1115,1230,644,671]" pageId="10" pageNumber="381">F. Ballarin</collectorName>
|
||
leg.
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="513F36EB676BFFCBBC97FD6CFB32FD15" blockId="10.[151,1437,356,2039]" box="[199,1220,680,707]" pageId="10" pageNumber="381">
|
||
<materialsCitation id="E1E83CB6676BFFCBBC97FD6CFB32FD15" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3979374313" box="[199,1220,680,707]" collectorName="Okinawa-honto Is." location="Nisshu-do cave" pageId="10" pageNumber="381" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Okinawa" typeStatus="holotype">
|
||
<emphasis id="63F4EAF9676BFFCBBC97FD6CFE90FD15" bold="true" box="[199,358,680,707]" pageId="10" pageNumber="381">
|
||
<typeStatus id="8E3B8849676BFFCBBC97FD6CFEF4FD14" box="[199,258,681,707]" pageId="10" pageNumber="381">Type</typeStatus>
|
||
locality.
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
<location id="545F6030676BFFCBBD3CFD6DFDEAFD14" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:D92987FD676BFFCFBCC7FF52FAA3FE7A:545F6030676BFFCBBD3CFD6DFDEAFD14" box="[364,540,680,707]" name="Nisshu-do cave" pageId="10" pageNumber="381" stateProvince="Okinawa">Nisshu-do cave</location>
|
||
, Kin-cho, Kunigami-gun,
|
||
<collectorName id="FC75533D676BFFCBBF13FD6DFBE3FD14" box="[835,1045,680,707]" pageId="10" pageNumber="381">Okinawa-honto Is.</collectorName>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingRegion id="9344F809676BFFCBB871FD6DFB32FD15" box="[1057,1220,680,706]" country="Japan" name="Okinawa" pageId="10" pageNumber="381">Okinawa Pref.</collectingRegion>
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="199A6560676BFFCBBC97FD09FC1BFCA0" pageId="10" pageNumber="381" type="diagnosis">
|
||
<paragraph id="513F36EB676BFFCBBC97FD09FC1BFCA0" blockId="10.[151,1437,356,2039]" pageId="10" pageNumber="381">
|
||
<emphasis id="63F4EAF9676BFFCBBC97FD09FEB4FD31" bold="true" box="[199,322,716,742]" pageId="10" pageNumber="381">Diagnosis.</emphasis>
|
||
The male of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="96804D68676BFFCBBD87FD08FD3FFD31" authorityName="Shimojana" authorityYear="1977" box="[471,713,716,742]" class="Arachnida" family="Leptonetidae" genus="Masirana" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="10" pageNumber="381" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="longipalpis">
|
||
<emphasis id="63F4EAF9676BFFCBBD87FD08FD3FFD31" box="[471,713,716,742]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="381">Masirana longipalpis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
can be easily distinguished from the male of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="96804D68676BFFCBB898FD08FACAFD31" authority="Ballarin & Eguchi, 2022" authorityName="Ballarin & Eguchi" authorityYear="2022" box="[1224,1340,716,742]" class="Arachnida" family="Leptonetidae" genus="Masirana" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="10" pageNumber="381" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="suzukii" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="63F4EAF9676BFFCBB898FD08FACAFD31" box="[1224,1340,716,742]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="381">M. suzukii</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<emphasis id="63F4EAF9676BFFCBB913FD08FA6AFD30" bold="true" box="[1347,1436,717,743]" pageId="10" pageNumber="381">
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="78C75782676BFFCBB913FD08FA6AFD30" box="[1347,1436,717,743]" pageId="10" pageNumber="381" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
and any other congeners by the unique shape of palp having an extremely elongated femur and tibia which are much shorter in other congeners (e.g., cf.
|
||
<figureCitation id="C9BB2A6E676BFFCBBE74FCD1FD53FCF8" box="[548,677,788,815]" captionStart="FIGURE 7" captionStartId="11.[152,255,1942,1966]" captionTargetBox="[174,1414,181,1918]" captionTargetId="figure-19@11.[174,1414,181,1918]" captionTargetPageId="11" captionText="FIGURE 7. Male palp of Masirana longipalpis from Abutogama cave, Okinawa-honto. A palp, prolateral view; B same, retrolateral view; C tip of palp, prolateral view; D same, retrolateral view; E same, dorsal view; F same, ventral view. Scale bars: A, B = 0.2 mm; C–F = 0.1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7381418" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7381418/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="381">Figs. 7A, B</figureCitation>
|
||
vs. 4A, B). The female of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="96804D68676BFFCBBF9FFCD0FB84FCF9" authorityName="Shimojana" authorityYear="1977" box="[975,1138,788,814]" class="Arachnida" family="Leptonetidae" genus="Masirana" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="10" pageNumber="381" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="longipalpis">
|
||
<emphasis id="63F4EAF9676BFFCBBF9FFCD0FB84FCF9" box="[975,1138,788,814]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="381">M. longipalpis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
can be easily separated by the female of other congeners, including
|
||
<taxonomicName id="96804D68676BFFCBBE3AFCFCFD29FC85" authority="Ballarin & Eguchi, 2022" authorityName="Ballarin & Eguchi" authorityYear="2022" box="[618,735,824,850]" class="Arachnida" family="Leptonetidae" genus="Masirana" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="10" pageNumber="381" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="suzukii" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="63F4EAF9676BFFCBBE3AFCFCFD29FC85" box="[618,735,824,850]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="381">M. suzukii</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<emphasis id="63F4EAF9676BFFCBBEB7FCFCFCB4FC84" bold="true" box="[743,834,825,851]" pageId="10" pageNumber="381">
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="78C75782676BFFCBBEB7FCFCFCB4FC84" box="[743,834,825,851]" pageId="10" pageNumber="381" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
, by the large, sac-like spermathecae which are much smaller, or more rounded in other congeners (e.g., cf.
|
||
<figureCitation id="C9BB2A6E676BFFCBBEA1FC99FC9BFCA0" box="[753,877,860,887]" captionStart="FIGURE 8" captionStartId="12.[152,255,1832,1856]" captionTargetBox="[218,1369,181,1808]" captionTargetId="figure-25@12.[218,1369,181,1809]" captionTargetPageId="12" captionText="FIGURE 8. male and female of Masirana longipalpis. A male from Nisshu-do cave, Okinawa-honto Is., tip of palp retrolateral view; B same, ventral view; C female from Nisshu-do cave, frontal view; D habitus of female from Fukubukuîzâ cave, Ishigakijima Is., dorsal view; E internal genitalia of female from Abuntogama cave, ventral view; F same, dorsal view; G habitus of male from Abuntogama cave, dorsal view; H same, habitus of female; I same, frontal view.Abbreviations:AT = atrium; E = embolus; MS = median sclerite; RS = retrolateral sclerite; S = spermathecae; SS = spermathecae stalk; TA = tibial apophyses. Scale bars: A–B = 0.1 mm, C, E, F, I = 0.2; D, G, H = 0.5 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7381424" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7381424/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="381">Figs. 8E, F</figureCitation>
|
||
vs. 5A, B).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="199A6560676BFFCBBC97FC45FDA6F92D" pageId="10" pageNumber="381" type="description">
|
||
<paragraph id="513F36EB676BFFCBBC97FC45FAC0FAF1" blockId="10.[151,1437,356,2039]" pageId="10" pageNumber="381">
|
||
<emphasis id="63F4EAF9676BFFCBBC97FC45FBFCFC4D" bold="true" box="[199,1034,896,923]" pageId="10" pageNumber="381">Redescription of male (based on specimen from Abuntogama cave).</emphasis>
|
||
Male habitus as in
|
||
<figureCitation id="C9BB2A6E676BFFCBB8A8FC45FAA3FC4C" box="[1272,1365,896,923]" captionStart="FIGURE 8" captionStartId="12.[152,255,1832,1856]" captionTargetBox="[218,1369,181,1808]" captionTargetId="figure-25@12.[218,1369,181,1809]" captionTargetPageId="12" captionText="FIGURE 8. male and female of Masirana longipalpis. A male from Nisshu-do cave, Okinawa-honto Is., tip of palp retrolateral view; B same, ventral view; C female from Nisshu-do cave, frontal view; D habitus of female from Fukubukuîzâ cave, Ishigakijima Is., dorsal view; E internal genitalia of female from Abuntogama cave, ventral view; F same, dorsal view; G habitus of male from Abuntogama cave, dorsal view; H same, habitus of female; I same, frontal view.Abbreviations:AT = atrium; E = embolus; MS = median sclerite; RS = retrolateral sclerite; S = spermathecae; SS = spermathecae stalk; TA = tibial apophyses. Scale bars: A–B = 0.1 mm, C, E, F, I = 0.2; D, G, H = 0.5 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7381424" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7381424/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="381">Fig. 8G</figureCitation>
|
||
. Total length: 1.55; prosoma 0.69 long, 0.60 wide. ALE=0.04, PLE=0.04, PME=0.04, ALE-PLE=0, PLE-PME=0.04. Leg formula: I, IV, II, III. Leg measurements: I = 7.71 (2.45, 0.25, 2.2, 1.75, 1.06), II = 5.4 (1.81, 0.24, 1.89, 0.96, 0.50), III = 5.23 (1.49, 0.25, 1.45, 1.23, 0.81), IV =? (2.08, 0.24, -). Palp as in
|
||
<figureCitation id="C9BB2A6E676BFFCBB844FC29FB7FFBD0" box="[1044,1161,1004,1031]" captionStart="FIGURE 7" captionStartId="11.[152,255,1942,1966]" captionTargetBox="[174,1414,181,1918]" captionTargetId="figure-19@11.[174,1414,181,1918]" captionTargetPageId="11" captionText="FIGURE 7. Male palp of Masirana longipalpis from Abutogama cave, Okinawa-honto. A palp, prolateral view; B same, retrolateral view; C tip of palp, prolateral view; D same, retrolateral view; E same, dorsal view; F same, ventral view. Scale bars: A, B = 0.2 mm; C–F = 0.1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7381418" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7381418/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="381">Fig. 7A–F</figureCitation>
|
||
. Palpal femur extremely elongated, bearing some long and robust spines on its ventral margin, smaller sparce spines on dorsal and lateral margins. Patella long; tibia extremely elongated, approximately 3 and half time longer than patella. Two apophyses (TA) on the retrodistal margin of tibia close to each other: ventral apophysis large and lanceolate; dorsal apophysis spine-like, larger at its base and ending with a sharp and long tip. Cymbium with several long spines on dorsal and distal margin, headed antero-prolaterally, ending with a long spine (= tarsal spur) similar to the others. Bulb with two transparent sclerite; median sclerite (MS) long and tread-like, twisted in middle trait; retrolateral sclerite (RS) wide and transparent, ribbon-like and wrinkled, wrapped around embolus. Embolus (E) long and robust, ending with a lightly serrated tip curved dorsally. See also
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="35114B1A676BFFCBBE85FAC8FC7AFAF0" author="Komatsu, T." box="[725,908,1293,1319]" pageId="10" pageNumber="381" pagination="82 - 85" refId="ref8559" refString="Komatsu, T. (1972) Two new cave spiders from Okinawa Island (genera Falcileptoneta and Masirana, Leptonetidae). Acta Arachnologica, 24 (2), 82 - 85. https: // doi. org / 10.2476 / asjaa. 24.82" type="journal article" year="1972">Komatsu (1972)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
for a detailed description of the male.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="513F36EB676BFFCBBC97FAF5FDA6F92D" blockId="10.[151,1437,356,2039]" pageId="10" pageNumber="381">
|
||
<emphasis id="63F4EAF9676BFFCBBC97FAF5FC1CFA9D" bold="true" box="[199,1002,1328,1355]" pageId="10" pageNumber="381">Description of female (based on specimens from Abuntogama cave)</emphasis>
|
||
. Habitus as in
|
||
<figureCitation id="C9BB2A6E676BFFCBB8C3FAF5FAF5FA9C" box="[1171,1283,1328,1355]" captionStart="FIGURE 8" captionStartId="12.[152,255,1832,1856]" captionTargetBox="[218,1369,181,1808]" captionTargetId="figure-25@12.[218,1369,181,1809]" captionTargetPageId="12" captionText="FIGURE 8. male and female of Masirana longipalpis. A male from Nisshu-do cave, Okinawa-honto Is., tip of palp retrolateral view; B same, ventral view; C female from Nisshu-do cave, frontal view; D habitus of female from Fukubukuîzâ cave, Ishigakijima Is., dorsal view; E internal genitalia of female from Abuntogama cave, ventral view; F same, dorsal view; G habitus of male from Abuntogama cave, dorsal view; H same, habitus of female; I same, frontal view.Abbreviations:AT = atrium; E = embolus; MS = median sclerite; RS = retrolateral sclerite; S = spermathecae; SS = spermathecae stalk; TA = tibial apophyses. Scale bars: A–B = 0.1 mm, C, E, F, I = 0.2; D, G, H = 0.5 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7381424" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7381424/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="381">Fig. 8H, I</figureCitation>
|
||
. Total length: 1.87; prosoma 0.80 long, 0.73 wide. Carapace uniformly yellowish. Median groove, cervical grooves and radial furrows barely visibly. Cephalic area poorly defined, slightly raised from carapace. Frontal view of cephalic area as in
|
||
<figureCitation id="C9BB2A6E676BFFCBBC8AFA59FEDCFA60" box="[218,298,1436,1463]" captionStart="FIGURE 8" captionStartId="12.[152,255,1832,1856]" captionTargetBox="[218,1369,181,1808]" captionTargetId="figure-25@12.[218,1369,181,1809]" captionTargetPageId="12" captionText="FIGURE 8. male and female of Masirana longipalpis. A male from Nisshu-do cave, Okinawa-honto Is., tip of palp retrolateral view; B same, ventral view; C female from Nisshu-do cave, frontal view; D habitus of female from Fukubukuîzâ cave, Ishigakijima Is., dorsal view; E internal genitalia of female from Abuntogama cave, ventral view; F same, dorsal view; G habitus of male from Abuntogama cave, dorsal view; H same, habitus of female; I same, frontal view.Abbreviations:AT = atrium; E = embolus; MS = median sclerite; RS = retrolateral sclerite; S = spermathecae; SS = spermathecae stalk; TA = tibial apophyses. Scale bars: A–B = 0.1 mm, C, E, F, I = 0.2; D, G, H = 0.5 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7381424" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7381424/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="381">Fig. 8I</figureCitation>
|
||
. Six eyes all reduced, PME strongly reduced (level of eye degeneration differs among specimens examined). ALE=0.05, PLE=0.04, PME=0.03, ALE-PLE=0, PLE-PME=0.05. Chelicera, labium and maxillae uniformly yellowish. Chelicera bearing a single row of 5-6 denticles on promargin, first 2-3 proximal teeth smaller than the others; denticles on retromargin missing. Palps elongated. Sternum uniformly yellowish. Legs uniformly yellowish. Leg formula: I, IV, II, III. Leg measurements: I = 10.19 (2.81, 0.32, 3.17, 2.43, 1.46), II = 7.99 (2.18, 0.29, 2.31, 1.74, 1.47), III = 6.19 (1.73, 0.31, 1.71, 1.49, 0.95), IV = 8.24 (2.34, 0.31, 2.52, 1.95, 1.12). Opisthosoma greyish with faint pattern of slightly darker marks, wrinkled in the frontal part (
|
||
<figureCitation id="C9BB2A6E676BFFCBB862F9B1FB75F958" box="[1074,1155,1652,1679]" captionStart="FIGURE 8" captionStartId="12.[152,255,1832,1856]" captionTargetBox="[218,1369,181,1808]" captionTargetId="figure-25@12.[218,1369,181,1809]" captionTargetPageId="12" captionText="FIGURE 8. male and female of Masirana longipalpis. A male from Nisshu-do cave, Okinawa-honto Is., tip of palp retrolateral view; B same, ventral view; C female from Nisshu-do cave, frontal view; D habitus of female from Fukubukuîzâ cave, Ishigakijima Is., dorsal view; E internal genitalia of female from Abuntogama cave, ventral view; F same, dorsal view; G habitus of male from Abuntogama cave, dorsal view; H same, habitus of female; I same, frontal view.Abbreviations:AT = atrium; E = embolus; MS = median sclerite; RS = retrolateral sclerite; S = spermathecae; SS = spermathecae stalk; TA = tibial apophyses. Scale bars: A–B = 0.1 mm, C, E, F, I = 0.2; D, G, H = 0.5 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7381424" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7381424/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="381">Fig. 8I</figureCitation>
|
||
). Internal genitalia as in
|
||
<figureCitation id="C9BB2A6E676BFFCBBCC7F95DFEFFF964" box="[151,265,1688,1715]" captionStart="FIGURE 8" captionStartId="12.[152,255,1832,1856]" captionTargetBox="[218,1369,181,1808]" captionTargetId="figure-25@12.[218,1369,181,1809]" captionTargetPageId="12" captionText="FIGURE 8. male and female of Masirana longipalpis. A male from Nisshu-do cave, Okinawa-honto Is., tip of palp retrolateral view; B same, ventral view; C female from Nisshu-do cave, frontal view; D habitus of female from Fukubukuîzâ cave, Ishigakijima Is., dorsal view; E internal genitalia of female from Abuntogama cave, ventral view; F same, dorsal view; G habitus of male from Abuntogama cave, dorsal view; H same, habitus of female; I same, frontal view.Abbreviations:AT = atrium; E = embolus; MS = median sclerite; RS = retrolateral sclerite; S = spermathecae; SS = spermathecae stalk; TA = tibial apophyses. Scale bars: A–B = 0.1 mm, C, E, F, I = 0.2; D, G, H = 0.5 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7381424" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7381424/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="381">Fig. 8E, F</figureCitation>
|
||
. Atrium (AT) triangular with a wide base. Spermathecae stalk (SS) narrow, starting from sides of atrium, heading first frontally then turning outward and inward before reaching the top of spermathecae. Spermathecae (S) very large, sac-like, headed posteriorly.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="199A6560676BFFCCBC97F8C0FDE9F827" lastPageId="13" lastPageNumber="384" pageId="10" pageNumber="381" type="discussion">
|
||
<paragraph id="513F36EB676BFFCBBC97F8C0FCD9F8B1" blockId="10.[151,1437,356,2039]" pageId="10" pageNumber="381">
|
||
<emphasis id="63F4EAF9676BFFCBBC97F8C0FE2BF8C9" bold="true" box="[199,477,1796,1823]" pageId="10" pageNumber="381">Remarks on variation:</emphasis>
|
||
Size variation: male (based on
|
||
<specimenCount id="4786FD62676BFFCBBF02F8C0FC29F8C9" box="[850,991,1796,1823]" pageId="10" pageNumber="381" type="generic">3 specimens</specimenCount>
|
||
from Abuntogama cave): total length: 1.55–1.90, prosoma 0.69–0.8–long, 0.60–0.74 wide; female (based on
|
||
<specimenCount id="4786FD62676BFFCBBFE6F8EDFBB7F895" box="[950,1089,1832,1859]" pageId="10" pageNumber="381" type="generic">5 specimens</specimenCount>
|
||
from Abuntogama cave): total length: 1.56–2.1, prosoma 0.67–0.88 long, 0.63–0.77 wide.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="513F36EB676BFFCCBC97F8B5FC11FEB2" blockId="10.[151,1437,356,2039]" lastBlockId="13.[151,1436,151,357]" lastPageId="13" lastPageNumber="384" pageId="10" pageNumber="381">
|
||
Species with reduced eyes, depigmentation and elongation of legs and palps. The degree of troglomorphic adaptations differs among populations living in different caves or different islands. Eyes reduction varies from no reduction to totally absent (e.g., compare
|
||
<figureCitation id="C9BB2A6E676BFFCBBE25F87DFD20F804" box="[629,726,1976,2003]" captionStart="FIGURE 8" captionStartId="12.[152,255,1832,1856]" captionTargetBox="[218,1369,181,1808]" captionTargetId="figure-25@12.[218,1369,181,1809]" captionTargetPageId="12" captionText="FIGURE 8. male and female of Masirana longipalpis. A male from Nisshu-do cave, Okinawa-honto Is., tip of palp retrolateral view; B same, ventral view; C female from Nisshu-do cave, frontal view; D habitus of female from Fukubukuîzâ cave, Ishigakijima Is., dorsal view; E internal genitalia of female from Abuntogama cave, ventral view; F same, dorsal view; G habitus of male from Abuntogama cave, dorsal view; H same, habitus of female; I same, frontal view.Abbreviations:AT = atrium; E = embolus; MS = median sclerite; RS = retrolateral sclerite; S = spermathecae; SS = spermathecae stalk; TA = tibial apophyses. Scale bars: A–B = 0.1 mm, C, E, F, I = 0.2; D, G, H = 0.5 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7381424" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7381424/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="381">Figs. 8C</figureCitation>
|
||
vs. 8D and 8I, see also
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="35114B1A676BFFCBBFBFF87DFB5DF804" author="Shimojana, M." box="[1007,1195,1976,2003]" pageId="10" pageNumber="381" pagination="337 - 365" refId="ref8780" refString="Shimojana, M. (1977) Preliminary report on the cave spider fauna of the Ryukyu Archipelago. Acta Arachnologica, 27 (Spec. No.), 337 - 365. https: // doi. org / 10.2476 / asjaa. 27. Specialnumber _ 337" type="journal article" year="1977">Shimojana 1977</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, pg. 348). According to
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="35114B1A676BFFCBBCE6F819FE8DF820" author="Shimojana, M." box="[182,379,2012,2039]" pageId="10" pageNumber="381" pagination="337 - 365" refId="ref8780" refString="Shimojana, M. (1977) Preliminary report on the cave spider fauna of the Ryukyu Archipelago. Acta Arachnologica, 27 (Spec. No.), 337 - 365. https: // doi. org / 10.2476 / asjaa. 27. Specialnumber _ 337" type="journal article" year="1977">Shimojana (1977</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, pg. 363) the populations from some caves in Okinawa-honto Is. have the highest degree of eyes reduction. Pigmentation and dorsal pattern of opisthosoma is variable, with populations totally or partially depigmented (e.g., cf.
|
||
<figureCitation id="C9BB2A6E676CFFCCBDC8FF7EFDE9FF02" box="[408,543,187,213]" captionStart="FIGURE 8" captionStartId="12.[152,255,1832,1856]" captionTargetBox="[218,1369,181,1808]" captionTargetId="figure-25@12.[218,1369,181,1809]" captionTargetPageId="12" captionText="FIGURE 8. male and female of Masirana longipalpis. A male from Nisshu-do cave, Okinawa-honto Is., tip of palp retrolateral view; B same, ventral view; C female from Nisshu-do cave, frontal view; D habitus of female from Fukubukuîzâ cave, Ishigakijima Is., dorsal view; E internal genitalia of female from Abuntogama cave, ventral view; F same, dorsal view; G habitus of male from Abuntogama cave, dorsal view; H same, habitus of female; I same, frontal view.Abbreviations:AT = atrium; E = embolus; MS = median sclerite; RS = retrolateral sclerite; S = spermathecae; SS = spermathecae stalk; TA = tibial apophyses. Scale bars: A–B = 0.1 mm, C, E, F, I = 0.2; D, G, H = 0.5 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7381424" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7381424/files/figure.png" pageId="13" pageNumber="384">Figs. 8G, H</figureCitation>
|
||
and
|
||
<figureCitation id="C9BB2A6E676CFFCCBE0AFF7EFD16FF02" box="[602,736,187,213]" captionStart="FIGURE 9" captionStartId="13.[152,255,1756,1780]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,381,1732]" captionTargetId="figure-126@13.[151,1436,381,1732]" captionTargetPageId="13" captionText="FIGURE 9. male and female of Masirana longipalpis from Okinawa in life A male from Nisshu-do cave, lateral view; B same, female; C same, female frontal view (photos by F. Ballarin); D female in its natural habitat (photo by Y. Suzuki)" figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7381426" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7381426/files/figure.png" pageId="13" pageNumber="384">Figs. 9A–D</figureCitation>
|
||
) and other having a clearer pattern (see
|
||
<figureCitation id="C9BB2A6E676CFFCCB8E2FF7EFAFBFF02" box="[1202,1293,187,213]" captionStart="FIGURE 8" captionStartId="12.[152,255,1832,1856]" captionTargetBox="[218,1369,181,1808]" captionTargetId="figure-25@12.[218,1369,181,1809]" captionTargetPageId="12" captionText="FIGURE 8. male and female of Masirana longipalpis. A male from Nisshu-do cave, Okinawa-honto Is., tip of palp retrolateral view; B same, ventral view; C female from Nisshu-do cave, frontal view; D habitus of female from Fukubukuîzâ cave, Ishigakijima Is., dorsal view; E internal genitalia of female from Abuntogama cave, ventral view; F same, dorsal view; G habitus of male from Abuntogama cave, dorsal view; H same, habitus of female; I same, frontal view.Abbreviations:AT = atrium; E = embolus; MS = median sclerite; RS = retrolateral sclerite; S = spermathecae; SS = spermathecae stalk; TA = tibial apophyses. Scale bars: A–B = 0.1 mm, C, E, F, I = 0.2; D, G, H = 0.5 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7381424" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7381424/files/figure.png" pageId="13" pageNumber="384">Fig. 8D</figureCitation>
|
||
). Specimens from different caves also show differences in thickness of embolus and its tip, ranging from thin and sharp to large and stocky (e.g., cf.
|
||
<figureCitation id="C9BB2A6E676CFFCCBD2CFEC6FE0DFECA" box="[380,507,259,285]" captionStart="FIGURE 7" captionStartId="11.[152,255,1942,1966]" captionTargetBox="[174,1414,181,1918]" captionTargetId="figure-19@11.[174,1414,181,1918]" captionTargetPageId="11" captionText="FIGURE 7. Male palp of Masirana longipalpis from Abutogama cave, Okinawa-honto. A palp, prolateral view; B same, retrolateral view; C tip of palp, prolateral view; D same, retrolateral view; E same, dorsal view; F same, ventral view. Scale bars: A, B = 0.2 mm; C–F = 0.1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7381418" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7381418/files/figure.png" pageId="13" pageNumber="384">Figs. 7D, F</figureCitation>
|
||
vs. 8A, B). Additional differences can be observed in the length of male palp with some populations having the femur considerably longer than tarsus + patella while in others these segments have approximately the same length (cf.
|
||
<figureCitation id="C9BB2A6E676CFFCCBE74FE8EFD53FEB2" box="[548,677,331,357]" captionStart="FIGURE 7" captionStartId="11.[152,255,1942,1966]" captionTargetBox="[174,1414,181,1918]" captionTargetId="figure-19@11.[174,1414,181,1918]" captionTargetPageId="11" captionText="FIGURE 7. Male palp of Masirana longipalpis from Abutogama cave, Okinawa-honto. A palp, prolateral view; B same, retrolateral view; C tip of palp, prolateral view; D same, retrolateral view; E same, dorsal view; F same, ventral view. Scale bars: A, B = 0.2 mm; C–F = 0.1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7381418" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7381418/files/figure.png" pageId="13" pageNumber="384">Figs. 7A, B</figureCitation>
|
||
vs. fig.
|
||
<quantity id="96789B0E676CFFCCBF50FE8EFCDDFEB2" box="[768,811,331,357]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.032" pageId="13" pageNumber="384" unit="in" value="8.0">8 in</quantity>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="35114B1A676CFFCCBF62FE8EFC2CFEB2" author="Komatsu, T." box="[818,986,331,357]" pageId="13" pageNumber="384" pagination="82 - 85" refId="ref8559" refString="Komatsu, T. (1972) Two new cave spiders from Okinawa Island (genera Falcileptoneta and Masirana, Leptonetidae). Acta Arachnologica, 24 (2), 82 - 85. https: // doi. org / 10.2476 / asjaa. 24.82" type="journal article" year="1972">Komatsu 1972</bibRefCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption id="05FF6663676AFFCABCC8F853FDE3F821" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7381418" ID-Zenodo-Dep="7381418" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7381418/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="382" startId="11.[152,255,1942,1966]" targetBox="[174,1414,181,1918]" targetPageId="11">
|
||
<paragraph id="513F36EB676AFFCABCC8F853FDE3F821" blockId="11.[151,1436,1942,2039]" pageId="11" pageNumber="382">
|
||
<emphasis id="63F4EAF9676AFFCABCC8F853FEEAF878" bold="true" box="[152,284,1942,1967]" pageId="11" pageNumber="382">FIGURE 7.</emphasis>
|
||
Male palp of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="96804D68676AFFCABDE7F852FD63F878" authorityName="Shimojana" authorityYear="1977" box="[439,661,1943,1967]" class="Arachnida" family="Leptonetidae" genus="Masirana" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="11" pageNumber="382" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="longipalpis">
|
||
<emphasis id="63F4EAF9676AFFCABDE7F852FD63F878" box="[439,661,1943,1967]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="382">Masirana longipalpis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
from Abutogama cave, Okinawa-honto.
|
||
<emphasis id="63F4EAF9676AFFCAB813F853FBA3F879" bold="true" box="[1091,1109,1942,1966]" pageId="11" pageNumber="382">A</emphasis>
|
||
palp, prolateral view;
|
||
<emphasis id="63F4EAF9676AFFCAB917F852FAAEF878" bold="true" box="[1351,1368,1943,1967]" pageId="11" pageNumber="382">B</emphasis>
|
||
same, retrolateral view;
|
||
<emphasis id="63F4EAF9676AFFCABD1EF87FFE96F805" bold="true" box="[334,352,1978,2002]" pageId="11" pageNumber="382">C</emphasis>
|
||
tip of palp, prolateral view;
|
||
<emphasis id="63F4EAF9676AFFCABEDBF87EFD6BF804" bold="true" box="[651,669,1979,2003]" pageId="11" pageNumber="382">D</emphasis>
|
||
same, retrolateral view;
|
||
<emphasis id="63F4EAF9676AFFCABFCFF87EFC46F804" bold="true" box="[927,944,1979,2003]" pageId="11" pageNumber="382">E</emphasis>
|
||
same, dorsal view;
|
||
<emphasis id="63F4EAF9676AFFCAB8D0F87EFB79F804" bold="true" box="[1152,1167,1979,2003]" pageId="11" pageNumber="382">F</emphasis>
|
||
same, ventral view. Scale bars: A, B = 0.2 mm; C–F = 0.1 mm.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<caption id="05FF6663676DFFCDBCC8F8EDFD69F823" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7381424" ID-Zenodo-Dep="7381424" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7381424/files/figure.png" pageId="12" pageNumber="383" startId="12.[152,255,1832,1856]" targetBox="[218,1369,181,1808]" targetPageId="12">
|
||
<paragraph id="513F36EB676DFFCDBCC8F8EDFD69F823" blockId="12.[151,1437,1832,2037]" pageId="12" pageNumber="383">
|
||
<emphasis id="63F4EAF9676DFFCDBCC8F8EDFEEEF897" bold="true" box="[152,280,1832,1856]" pageId="12" pageNumber="383">FIGURE 8.</emphasis>
|
||
male and female of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="96804D68676DFFCDBDB5F8ECFD49F896" authorityName="Shimojana" authorityYear="1977" box="[485,703,1833,1857]" class="Arachnida" family="Leptonetidae" genus="Masirana" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="12" pageNumber="383" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="longipalpis">
|
||
<emphasis id="63F4EAF9676DFFCDBDB5F8ECFD49F896" box="[485,703,1833,1857]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="383">Masirana longipalpis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="63F4EAF9676DFFCDBE9BF8EDFD2AF897" bold="true" box="[715,732,1832,1856]" pageId="12" pageNumber="383">A</emphasis>
|
||
male from Nisshu-do cave, Okinawa-honto Is., tip of palp retrolateral view;
|
||
<emphasis id="63F4EAF9676DFFCDBC85F888FF10F8B2" bold="true" box="[213,230,1869,1893]" pageId="12" pageNumber="383">B</emphasis>
|
||
same, ventral view;
|
||
<emphasis id="63F4EAF9676DFFCDBDE5F889FE31F8B3" bold="true" box="[437,455,1868,1892]" pageId="12" pageNumber="383">C</emphasis>
|
||
female from Nisshu-do cave, frontal view;
|
||
<emphasis id="63F4EAF9676DFFCDBF2CF888FC78F8B2" bold="true" box="[892,910,1869,1893]" pageId="12" pageNumber="383">D</emphasis>
|
||
habitus of female from Fukubukuîzâ cave, Ishigakijima Is., dorsal view;
|
||
<emphasis id="63F4EAF9676DFFCDBD3EF8B4FE89F85E" bold="true" box="[366,383,1905,1929]" pageId="12" pageNumber="383">E</emphasis>
|
||
internal genitalia of female from Abuntogama cave, ventral view;
|
||
<emphasis id="63F4EAF9676DFFCDB846F8B4FBD3F85E" bold="true" box="[1046,1061,1905,1929]" pageId="12" pageNumber="383">F</emphasis>
|
||
same, dorsal view;
|
||
<emphasis id="63F4EAF9676DFFCDB8BAF8B5FB08F85F" bold="true" box="[1258,1278,1904,1928]" pageId="12" pageNumber="383">G</emphasis>
|
||
habitus of male from Abuntogama cave, dorsal view;
|
||
<emphasis id="63F4EAF9676DFFCDBE40F850FDD2F87A" bold="true" box="[528,548,1941,1965]" pageId="12" pageNumber="383">H</emphasis>
|
||
same, habitus of female;
|
||
<emphasis id="63F4EAF9676DFFCDBF74F850FCD8F87A" bold="true" box="[804,814,1941,1965]" pageId="12" pageNumber="383">I</emphasis>
|
||
same, frontal view. Abbreviations: AT = atrium; E = embolus; MS = median sclerite; RS = retrolateral sclerite; S = spermathecae; SS = spermathecae stalk; TA = tibial apophyses. Scale bars: A–B = 0.1 mm, C, E, F, I = 0.2; D, G, H = 0.5 mm.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<caption id="05FF6663676CFFCCBCC8F919FAFEF8CF" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7381426" ID-Zenodo-Dep="7381426" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7381426/files/figure.png" pageId="13" pageNumber="384" startId="13.[152,255,1756,1780]" targetBox="[151,1436,381,1732]" targetPageId="13">
|
||
<paragraph id="513F36EB676CFFCCBCC8F919FAFEF8CF" blockId="13.[151,1436,1756,1816]" pageId="13" pageNumber="384">
|
||
<emphasis id="63F4EAF9676CFFCCBCC8F919FEE1F923" bold="true" box="[152,279,1756,1780]" pageId="13" pageNumber="384">FIGURE 9.</emphasis>
|
||
male and female of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="96804D68676CFFCCBDB3F918FD4BF923" authorityName="Shimojana" authorityYear="1977" box="[483,701,1756,1780]" class="Arachnida" family="Leptonetidae" genus="Masirana" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="13" pageNumber="384" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="longipalpis">
|
||
<emphasis id="63F4EAF9676CFFCCBDB3F918FD4BF923" box="[483,701,1756,1780]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="384">Masirana longipalpis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
from Okinawa in life
|
||
<emphasis id="63F4EAF9676CFFCCBFCBF919FC5BF923" bold="true" box="[923,941,1756,1780]" pageId="13" pageNumber="384">A</emphasis>
|
||
male from Nisshu-do cave, lateral view;
|
||
<emphasis id="63F4EAF9676CFFCCB91BF919FAAAF923" bold="true" box="[1355,1372,1756,1780]" pageId="13" pageNumber="384">B</emphasis>
|
||
same, female;
|
||
<emphasis id="63F4EAF9676CFFCCBCB9F8C5FF0DF8CF" bold="true" box="[233,251,1792,1816]" pageId="13" pageNumber="384">C</emphasis>
|
||
same, female frontal view (photos by F. Ballarin); D female in its natural habitat (photo by Y. Suzuki)
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph id="513F36EB676CFFCCBC97F883FDE9F827" blockId="13.[151,1437,1862,2033]" pageId="13" pageNumber="384">
|
||
<emphasis id="63F4EAF9676CFFCCBC97F883FEDCF8B7" bold="true" box="[199,298,1862,1888]" pageId="13" pageNumber="384">Habitat.</emphasis>
|
||
Caves.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="96804D68676CFFCCBDD4F882FDDEF8B7" authorityName="Shimojana" authorityYear="1977" box="[388,552,1862,1888]" class="Arachnida" family="Leptonetidae" genus="Masirana" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="13" pageNumber="384" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="longipalpis">
|
||
<emphasis id="63F4EAF9676CFFCCBDD4F882FDDEF8B7" box="[388,552,1862,1888]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="384">M. longipalpis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
can be found in the twilight zone and, more commonly, in the humid and dark zone in the deep of the cave. It usually spins small webs in the crevices and among the rocks at the base of the cave walls or on the cave floor. The populations can be locally abundant being distributed in a large area inside the cave; in other cases the specimens occupy only a limited section of the cave where the microclimate is more favorable for this species (F. Ballarin pers. obs.).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="199A6560676FFFCFBC97FF53FD99FECA" pageId="14" pageNumber="385" type="distribution">
|
||
<paragraph id="513F36EB676FFFCFBC97FF53FD99FECA" blockId="14.[151,1437,150,429]" pageId="14" pageNumber="385">
|
||
<emphasis id="63F4EAF9676FFFCFBC97FF53FE97FF67" bold="true" box="[199,353,150,176]" pageId="14" pageNumber="385">Distribution.</emphasis>
|
||
Endemic to the Central and Southern Ryukyus (
|
||
<figureCitation id="C9BB2A6E676FFFCFBFC4FF52FC16FF66" box="[916,992,151,177]" captionStart="FIGURE 10" captionStartId="14.[152,255,1636,1660]" captionTargetBox="[154,1433,453,1612]" captionTargetId="figure-143@14.[154,1433,453,1612]" captionTargetPageId="14" captionText="FIGURE 10. Known records of Leptonetidae in the Ryukyu Archipelago and location of the related caves. Legend: pink hexagon = Longileptoneta yamasakii sp. nov.; blue dot = Masirana. suzukii sp. nov.; yellow dots = M. longipalpis; red squares = Falcileptoneta okinawaensis. Type localities of the species are highlighted with an internal black dot." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7381428" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7381428/files/figure.png" pageId="14" pageNumber="385">Fig.10</figureCitation>
|
||
). Widely distributed in the central and southern Ryukyus occurring in several islands: Aguni-jima Is., Hamahiga-shima Is., Ie-jima Is., Ike-shima Is., Ishigaki-jima Is., Kouri-jima Is., Kume-jima Is., Miyagi-jima Is., Okinawa-honto Is., and Tonaki-jima Is. (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="35114B1A676FFFCFB972FF1AFF24FECA" author="Shimojana, M." pageId="14" pageNumber="385" pagination="337 - 365" refId="ref8780" refString="Shimojana, M. (1977) Preliminary report on the cave spider fauna of the Ryukyu Archipelago. Acta Arachnologica, 27 (Spec. No.), 337 - 365. https: // doi. org / 10.2476 / asjaa. 27. Specialnumber _ 337" type="journal article" year="1977">Shimojana 1977</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="35114B1A676FFFCFBC8DFEC6FE01FECA" author="Tanikawa, A. & Sasaki T." box="[221,503,259,285]" pageId="14" pageNumber="385" pagination="61 - 101" refId="ref8897" refString="Tanikawa, A. & Sasaki T. (1999) List of spiders from Okinawa Prefecture. Kishidaia, 76, 61 - 101." type="journal article" year="1999">Tanikawa & Sasaki 1999</bibRefCitation>
|
||
) (
|
||
<figureCitation id="C9BB2A6E676FFFCFBE5EFEC6FD94FECA" box="[526,610,259,285]" captionStart="FIGURE 10" captionStartId="14.[152,255,1636,1660]" captionTargetBox="[154,1433,453,1612]" captionTargetId="figure-143@14.[154,1433,453,1612]" captionTargetPageId="14" captionText="FIGURE 10. Known records of Leptonetidae in the Ryukyu Archipelago and location of the related caves. Legend: pink hexagon = Longileptoneta yamasakii sp. nov.; blue dot = Masirana. suzukii sp. nov.; yellow dots = M. longipalpis; red squares = Falcileptoneta okinawaensis. Type localities of the species are highlighted with an internal black dot." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7381428" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7381428/files/figure.png" pageId="14" pageNumber="385">Fig. 10</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="199A6560676FFFCFBC97FEE2FAA3FE7A" pageId="14" pageNumber="385" type="discussion">
|
||
<paragraph id="513F36EB676FFFCFBC97FEE2FAA3FE7A" blockId="14.[151,1437,150,429]" pageId="14" pageNumber="385">
|
||
<emphasis id="63F4EAF9676FFFCFBC97FEE2FECDFE96" bold="true" box="[199,315,295,321]" pageId="14" pageNumber="385">Remarks.</emphasis>
|
||
Although
|
||
<taxonomicName id="96804D68676FFFCFBDECFEE2FD92FE96" authorityName="Shimojana" authorityYear="1977" box="[444,612,295,321]" class="Arachnida" family="Leptonetidae" genus="Masirana" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="14" pageNumber="385" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="longipalpis">
|
||
<emphasis id="63F4EAF9676FFFCFBDECFEE2FD92FE96" box="[444,612,295,321]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="385">M. longipalpis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is relatively common and recorded from several caves in central and southern Ryukyus, during our surveys we could not find this species in some of the localities where its presence was historically documented. It is possible that the microclimate conditions of some of the caves might have changed along the years due to the increasing urbanization and consequent human activities (Y. Suzuki pers. comm.).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |