165 lines
19 KiB
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165 lines
19 KiB
XML
<document id="3E58D642A5BB4F4555168D2850F18BB0" ID-CLB-Dataset="26700" ID-DOI="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/jor.26.21469" ID-GBIF-Dataset="2bc42471-8b34-46e4-a3e3-075d5ec3d2a5" ID-Pensoft-Pub="1937-2426-2-211" ModsDocAuthor="" ModsDocDate="2017" ModsDocID="1937-2426-2-211" ModsDocOrigin="Journal of Orthoptera Research 26 (2)" ModsDocTitle="Revision of the tropical African genus Tetraconcha (Orthoptera: Tettigoniidae: Phaneropterinae) with the description of ten new species" checkinTime="1558621694100" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Massa, Bruno" docDate="2017" docId="D73C35418301D21FED7FCD35F4ACAE4A" docLanguage="en" docName="JourOrthoptRes 26(2): 211-232" docOrigin="Journal of Orthoptera Research 26 (2)" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/jor.26.21469" docTitle="Tetraconcha smaragdina Brunner von Wattenwyl 1891" docType="treatment" docVersion="5" lastPageNumber="217" masterDocId="FFEA1504E72EFF84E531FFDBFF82D36E" masterDocTitle="Revision of the tropical African genus Tetraconcha (Orthoptera: Tettigoniidae: Phaneropterinae) with the description of ten new species" masterLastPageNumber="232" masterPageNumber="211" pageNumber="216" updateTime="1732689574528" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:title id="E3D62D61154842CAA3530CCE64A4BD79">Revision of the tropical African genus Tetraconcha (Orthoptera: Tettigoniidae: Phaneropterinae) with the description of ten new species</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="EF3E3CCB2DE850FB90307BA368F3B1F3">Massa, Bruno</mods:namePart>
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<mods:title id="4CAFBC4A7594111595A3847D99218908">Journal of Orthoptera Research</mods:title>
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<mods:part id="8339C018EC0B8646C9DF23E23DB8528A">
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<mods:date id="50D208F52AF402A326D25E585F25505E">2017</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="9D551ED64454D9277B0E8CC380190276">26</mods:number>
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<mods:number id="C1BCF441871792ECA0A174FF7660986F">2</mods:number>
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<mods:start id="AAAAB6A7140183A89541C7C291B8D7E3">211</mods:start>
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<mods:url id="AA0AD4AC4BD0E935BB61DF4621AE92D8">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/jor.26.21469</mods:url>
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<mods:classification id="84B3AFE42A0F36774E5BEA80673BB1FE">journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier id="37430F03F0FB1844C0DF30F65EDA2813" type="DOI">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/jor.26.21469</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="23DFA57B045B32BA5D5CE447A9CF1EC0" type="Pensoft-Pub">1937-2426-2-211</mods:identifier>
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</mods:mods>
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<treatment id="D73C35418301D21FED7FCD35F4ACAE4A" ID-GBIF-Taxon="157251625" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:D73C35418301D21FED7FCD35F4ACAE4A" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/D73C35418301D21FED7FCD35F4ACAE4A" lastPageId="6" lastPageNumber="217" pageId="5" pageNumber="216" scope_family="Tettigoniidae" scope_order="Orthoptera" scope_subFamily="Phaneropterinae" scope_tribe="Otiaphysini">
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<subSubSection id="EB931AE53DA6EE44351CD8BE1A949A20" pageId="5" pageNumber="216" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="5FC7DD77EBB85E18CC265E9118BA7FE8" pageId="5" pageNumber="216">
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<taxonomicName id="4B5E9FBB43F56CF9D4CB1DADF147B6A4" ID-CoL="55LT4" LSID="http://lsid.speciesfile.org/urn:lsid:Orthoptera.speciesfile.org:TaxonName:8788" authority="Brunner von Wattenwyl, 1891" authorityName="Brunner von Wattenwyl" authorityYear="1891" class="Insecta" family="Tettigoniidae" genus="Tetraconcha" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Tetraconcha smaragdina" order="Orthoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="216" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="smaragdina">Tetraconcha smaragdina Brunner von Wattenwyl, 1891</taxonomicName>
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Figs 32-36, 70, 84, 88
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="4D929EE6F83468A6ABCB05033B05B6EE" pageId="5" pageNumber="216" type="reference_group">
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<paragraph id="AFAC39D2B21CD3CE712B7A937D65B4C3" pageId="5" pageNumber="216">Brunner von Wattenwyl, 1891. Verh. der Zoologisch-Botanischen Gesellsch. Wien 41: 115, 116.</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="DC030E4D8431BC2E92502CAF853A5181" pageId="5" pageNumber="216" type="type locality">
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<paragraph id="87541AA404ADD8C6FEF0A533C367E1A7" pageId="5" pageNumber="216">Type locality.</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="E59FDC7CE5C9738A63F291F693DAD16D" pageId="5" pageNumber="216">-Cameroon (NMW).</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="27EBA647A793ED771DAAA446F1840988" lastPageId="6" lastPageNumber="217" pageId="5" pageNumber="216" type="material examined">
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<paragraph id="38448010B742AF367AD1923E523E3EF3" pageId="5" pageNumber="216">Material examined.</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="A8E7109A40F7D35BE52B56F18FAB1ADB" lastPageId="6" lastPageNumber="217" pageId="5" pageNumber="216">
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-Cameroon, Mus. Lubeck. (♂ holotype); Cameroon, Mundame, Rohde (1♂) (NMW); Cameroon, Lolodorf, L. Conradt (1♂) (MfN); Cameroon (1♂) (MNCN); Central African Republic,
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<normalizedToken id="EC4BF990E38EC8ED617DB41B81E45648" originalValue="N’Doki">N'Doki</normalizedToken>
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, shore of Lake 1, UV trap 31.I-2.II.2012, 13-14.II.2012, 15-16.II.2012, 20-23.II.2012, P. Moretto (8♂); Central African Republic, surroundings of Bambio 10.XII.2008, J. Halada (1♂) (BMPC); Central African Republic,
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<normalizedToken id="837BDB751A0AB4DD3768772D70C95EA8" originalValue="Dzanga-N’Doki">Dzanga-N'Doki</normalizedToken>
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National Park, Sangha, camp 3, 9.II.2005, P. Annoyer (1♂); Central African Republic,
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<normalizedToken id="0BA7CCA216297ABB87C8B4FC6D3EAC29" originalValue="Dzanga-N’Doki">Dzanga-N'Doki</normalizedToken>
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National Park, Sangha, camp 2, 24.X.2008, P. Annoyer (1♂); Central African Republic,
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<normalizedToken id="35566DE064688EA7609B6418852CF880" originalValue="Dzanga-N’Doki">Dzanga-N'Doki</normalizedToken>
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National Park,
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<normalizedToken id="FE1CDE0A12EB4439EDC44F1EB7FBA2B1" originalValue="N’Doki">N'Doki</normalizedToken>
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, 10.X.2008 (light trap), P. Annoyer (1♂); Central African Republic,
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<normalizedToken id="2C156672CC3413A780E91C63F2F6A7E8" originalValue="N’Doki">N'Doki</normalizedToken>
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, shore of Lake 1, UV trap 29.I.2012, 4.II.2012, 13.II.2012, 14.II.2012, 16.II.2012, 24.II.2012, 25.II.2012, 27.II.2012, P. Annoyer (7♂); Central African Republic,
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<normalizedToken id="E2881BDFAA2A1D9E131BE57F66E2BC79" originalValue="N’Doki">N'Doki</normalizedToken>
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, butterfly trap 14.XI.2010, P. Annoyer (1♂); Central African Republic,
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<normalizedToken id="F5CFF3DB078294AAB82AF9A1B68FE8F4" originalValue="N’Doki">N'Doki</normalizedToken>
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,
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<pageBreakToken id="0BA14BD438F61736C4E40E6702076797" pageId="6" pageNumber="217" start="start">shore</pageBreakToken>
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of lake 7, UV trap 1.III.2012, P. Annoyer (1♂); Central African Republic,
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<normalizedToken id="33600B54D4AF993AD8B127C22356D857" originalValue="Dzanga-N’Doki">Dzanga-N'Doki</normalizedToken>
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National Park,
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<normalizedToken id="13191B963539553147DB2D9E1C8E4441" originalValue="N’Doki">N'Doki</normalizedToken>
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, Lake 3, 25.II.2012 (light trap), P. Annoyer (1♂) (PACT); Cameroon, Mukonje Farm, R. Rohde (1♀); Democratic Republic of Congo, N Mosso Norma, Las Tumba 31.VII.1938 (1♂) (RBINS).
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</paragraph>
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<caption id="266EE39C6150DF3433A00A6831EBAFB4" pageId="6" pageNumber="217">
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<paragraph id="BA38B7DD51035BD8D442FD2AC60AFC1A" pageId="6" pageNumber="217">
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Figures 32-48.
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<taxonomicName id="D0E1C2FEC18C1C47645F56C191DB9E3F" class="Insecta" family="Tettigoniidae" genus="Tetraconcha" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Tetraconcha smaragdina" order="Orthoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="217" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="smaragdina">Tetraconcha smaragdina</taxonomicName>
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male (Central African Republic,
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<normalizedToken id="DC8D43805148D4ABDFEE2533D11BC572" originalValue="N’Doki">N'Doki</normalizedToken>
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): 32. Stridulatory area (the arrow shows the distance between the base of left tegmen and the maximum width of cubital areas); 33. Stridulatory area of the holotype (Cameroon); 34. Stridulatory file below the left tegmen; 35. Cerci in dorsal view; 36. Subgenital plate in ventral view of the holotype.
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<taxonomicName id="B2865519625C2CEC1CA0DBB6689772CD" class="Insecta" family="Tettigoniidae" genus="Tetraconcha" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Tetraconcha loubesi" order="Orthoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="217" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="loubesi">Tetraconcha loubesi</taxonomicName>
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sp. n. holotype male (Central African Republic,
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<normalizedToken id="EA5604D0F5DA5188EF872AEB69944E7F" originalValue="N’Doki">N'Doki</normalizedToken>
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): 37. Stridulatory area; 38. Stridulatory file below the left tegmen; 39. Cerci in dorsal view; 40. Subgenital plate in ventral view).
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<taxonomicName id="A356E9B33F320D0315580F3F5869CD58" class="Insecta" family="Tettigoniidae" genus="Tetraconcha" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Tetraconcha morettoi" order="Orthoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="217" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="morettoi">Tetraconcha morettoi</taxonomicName>
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sp. n. holotype male (Central African Republic,
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<normalizedToken id="F559907205C73CB2188F6028EC5E36A9" originalValue="N’Doki">N'Doki</normalizedToken>
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): 41. Stridulatory area; 42. Stridulatory file below the left tegmen; 43. Subgenital plate in ventral view; 44. Cerci in dorsal view.
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<taxonomicName id="1ED009AE00E433AAF91294908A115CCA" class="Insecta" family="Tettigoniidae" genus="Tetraconcha" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Tetraconcha ndokiensis" order="Orthoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="217" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ndokiensis">Tetraconcha ndokiensis</taxonomicName>
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sp. n. holotype male (Central African Republic,
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<normalizedToken id="0CAF8B6F223CCC3CD0D22493BC09432E" originalValue="N’Doki">N'Doki</normalizedToken>
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): 45. Stridulatory area; 46. Stridulatory file below the left tegmen; 47. Subgenital plate and cerci in dorsal view; 48. Subgenital plate and cerci in ventral view.
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</paragraph>
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</caption>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="CB186B95A5EE535AD06159650DA3BDD5" pageId="6" pageNumber="217" type="remarks">
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<paragraph id="9D09E94BF5C8DC51380C575C615E6479" pageId="6" pageNumber="217">Remarks.</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="D331D3421A88B34266405A37A9BD4FC0" pageId="6" pageNumber="217">
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-The type specimen, considered as probably lost (
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<bibRefCitation id="F2F7E8281859197623B56A080722D3E0" author="Cigliano, MM" journalOrPublisher="Verhandlungen der Zoologischen-Botanischen Gesellchaft in Wien" pageId="13" pageNumber="224" url="http://Orthoptera.SpeciesFile.org" year="2017">Cigliano et al. 2017</bibRefCitation>
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), was actually found again in the Naturhistorisches Museum, Vienna (coll. Brunner von Wattenwyl). The label of the specimen reports "Mus. Lubeck."; because
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<bibRefCitation id="6E3A44B24CBC7E3602F994F3232A0B99" author="Brunner von Wattenwyl, C" journalOrPublisher="Verhandlungen der Zoologischen-Botanischen Gesellchaft in Wien" pageId="13" pageNumber="224" pagination="1 - 96" title="Additamenta zur Monographie der Phaneropteriden." volume="41" year="1891">Brunner von Wattenwyl (1891)</bibRefCitation>
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wrote in the description "Kamerun, Mus. Lubecanum", it is evident that this specimen is the holotype. Its characters fit well to the short description. The examination of characters of the holotype (Figs 33, 36) allowed the comparison with other undescribed species.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="98C3869FE6CE9D2993E441B68C8D54C2" pageId="6" pageNumber="217" type="redescription">
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<paragraph id="1EEBF6114003344B8AB27F0D0DF242E7" pageId="6" pageNumber="217">Redescription.</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="B272F2351A555E6E2FDC2CE2A4BDB4F7" pageId="6" pageNumber="217">
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-Males. Head and antennae: Fastigium of vertex narrow, sulcate above, separated from fastigium of frons, furrowed. Eyes rounded, well projecting. Antennae longer than body. Legs: Fore coxae armed with a small spine. Fore tibiae furrowed dorsally, distinctly widening above tympanum, conchate on both sides. Fore femora armed on inner ventral side with 7-10 spines, fore tibiae with 6-7 spines + 1 spur on inner side and 3-4 small spines on outer ventral side, 3 spines + 1 spur on outer dorsal side, mid femora armed with 7-8 spines on outer ventral side, mid tibiae with 12-13 spines on outer and inner ventral sides + 1 spur on each side, and 3 spines + 1 spur on inner dorsal side, hind femora armed with 2-5 small spines on the outer [
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<bibRefCitation id="E2961E4408ECDF5EAD9C1C5DFCC9FB0F" author="Brunner von Wattenwyl, C" journalOrPublisher="Verhandlungen der Zoologischen-Botanischen Gesellchaft in Wien" pageId="13" pageNumber="224" pagination="1 - 96" title="Additamenta zur Monographie der Phaneropteriden." volume="41" year="1891">Brunner von Wattenwyl (1891)</bibRefCitation>
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recorded 5 spines] and 1-2 on inner ventral sides, hind tibiae with many spines on ventral and dorsal sides + 3 spurs on each side. Thorax: Pronotum narrowing anteriorly, flat above, anterior margin incurved, posterior margin rounded, humeral sinus well developed, lobes of pronotum rounded. Tegmina narrow with rounded apices. Wings longer than tegmina. Stridulatory area of left and right tegmina shown in Figs 32-33, veinlets of left tegmen in Fig. 88; stridulatory file arched and composed of ca. 65-70 dense and evenly spaced teeth plus 3-4 widely spaced teeth in the distal part (Fig. 34). Abdomen: Subgenital plate long and apically narrowed with a narrow concavity protruding beyond cerci, and two longitudinal carinae on the sides; cerci stout at their base and incurved (Figs 35-36).
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="544C0BD6882DEE8A102E83BB96173951" pageId="6" pageNumber="217">
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Female.
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<bibRefCitation id="CFBB5F868A4D4D4C0DBA6301F97A74D0" author="Bolivar, I" journalOrPublisher="Anales de la Sociedad Espanola de Historia Natural" pageId="13" pageNumber="224" pagination="231 - 235" title="El genero " Tetraconcha " Karsch." volume="6" year="1906">
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<normalizedToken id="FFDAC08ADA300E497C6BD40EEE523322" originalValue="Bolívar">Bolivar</normalizedToken>
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(1906)
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</bibRefCitation>
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described the female, but considering the presence and the co-occurrence of more than one species of the '
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<taxonomicName id="D7E6ACF07D4CB5C1EB01B681A128F797" lsidName="smaragdina" pageId="6" pageNumber="217" rank="species" species="smaragdina">smaragdina</taxonomicName>
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-
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<normalizedToken id="8C95B93F3FB2E26BF25660E765D9EF90" originalValue="group’">group'</normalizedToken>
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, the description cannot be considered to belong to
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<taxonomicName id="7E2F818B370C15102D6390DF2494B57E" lsidName="T. smaragdina" pageId="6" pageNumber="217" rank="species" species="smaragdina">T. smaragdina</taxonomicName>
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for certain. One female collected in Cameroon (Mukonje Farm) and dubiously reported by
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<bibRefCitation id="57A46473040781C02267FACF2B9B1630" author="Griffini, A" journalOrPublisher="Memoires de la Societe entomologique belgique" pageId="13" pageNumber="224" pagination="201 - 226" title="Phasgonuridae africane del R. Museo di Storia Naturale in Bruxelles. 6. Phaneropteridae pars 2 a (reliquae species omnes)." volume="15" year="1908">Griffini (1908)</bibRefCitation>
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as
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<taxonomicName id="A278C20E3EC908DE42263B30A7F2938F" lsidName="T. smaragdina" pageId="6" pageNumber="217" rank="species" species="smaragdina">T. smaragdina</taxonomicName>
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, very probably belongs to this species. The ratio length/width of tegmina in the specimen cited by
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<bibRefCitation id="85E0D657AEB89E164E19B3956DD18970" author="Griffini, A" journalOrPublisher="Memoires de la Societe entomologique belgique" pageId="13" pageNumber="224" pagination="201 - 226" title="Phasgonuridae africane del R. Museo di Storia Naturale in Bruxelles. 6. Phaneropteridae pars 2 a (reliquae species omnes)." volume="15" year="1908">Griffini (1908)</bibRefCitation>
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is 4.6 (Fig. 84).
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="DBF2AC9C5E329CDD147F0E9846C093F6" pageId="6" pageNumber="217" type="diagnosis">
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<paragraph id="990E9ADEE40175363368726CE867718B" pageId="6" pageNumber="217">Diagnosis.</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="D3575B91A974938151841DE2A47D61AF" pageId="6" pageNumber="217">
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-Characters of
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<taxonomicName id="E2EA59C2F0D69570876DD231C8A66C0E" lsidName="T. smaragdina" pageId="6" pageNumber="217" rank="species" species="smaragdina">T. smaragdina</taxonomicName>
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are: stridulatory area of left and right tegmina and stridulatory file as in Figs 32-33 and 34, subgenital plate of male long and narrow with two parallel longitudinal keels, ending with a narrow concavity, protruding beyond cerci, when viewed from above (Fig. 35).
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="438B90F68EDB96A02EA686969E46813B" pageId="6" pageNumber="217" type="measurements">
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<paragraph id="1C5E2C69FA5A5A808EA2A5D98B97BA80" pageId="6" pageNumber="217">Measurements.</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="AADC090D0005E2628E9EE503515F67F7" pageId="6" pageNumber="217">-Cf. Tables 1 and 2.</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="11E47506CD2C8AD3E873F70FDEF52815" pageId="6" pageNumber="217" type="distribution">
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<paragraph id="FB22F3F8F801EF65610C898E333790D5" pageId="6" pageNumber="217">Distribution.</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="9806EFE6BF2218AE7AD0848DAB2C9356" pageId="6" pageNumber="217">
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-
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<taxonomicName id="FADF9F65708E60D2D2BA565572925497" lsidName="T. smaragdina" pageId="6" pageNumber="217" rank="species" species="smaragdina">T. smaragdina</taxonomicName>
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is present in Cameroon, the Democratic Republic of Congo and Central African Republic; according to
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<bibRefCitation id="551C8CF2AC310B598324D654DE3BB67F" author="Ragge, DR" journalOrPublisher="Serie A: Sciences Naturelles" pageId="13" pageNumber="224" pagination="1270 - 1277" title="Contribution a la faune du Congo (Brazzaville). Mission A. Villiers et A. Descarpentries. LVI. Orthopteres, Tettigoniidae (premiere note). Bulletin de l'Institut Fondamental d'Afrique Noire (IFAN)." volume="29" year="1967">Ragge (1967)</bibRefCitation>
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very probably its distribution covers all Central Africa from Democratic Republic of Congo to Liberia, but in the present paper the high diversity of the '
|
||
<taxonomicName id="F7B54F309F8127C6FF9943D8B474F41F" lsidName="smaragdina" pageId="6" pageNumber="217" rank="species" species="smaragdina">smaragdina</taxonomicName>
|
||
<normalizedToken id="9753FCEFE61BE9344A04EF7F9EB3C30C" originalValue="group’">group'</normalizedToken>
|
||
is shown, and many records from some countries possibly have to be referred to other species.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |