treatments-xml/data/D4/B4/CF/D4B4CFFE73765943BA489F1FAE4ED2B8.xml

<document ID-DOI="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.53.5250" ID-PMC="PMC4547022" ID-Pensoft-Pub="1314-2003-53-27" ID-Pensoft-UUID="C7791647FFBAFF8AFFCCFFDFF673FF81" ID-PubMed="26312039" ID-Zenodo-Dep="576304" ModsDocID="1314-2003-53-27" checkinTime="1451251409347" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Yuezbasioglu, Ibrahim Sirri, Bona, Mehmet &amp; Genc, Ilker" docDate="2015" docId="D4B4CFFE73765943BA489F1FAE4ED2B8" docLanguage="en" docName="PhytoKeys 53: 27-38" docOrigin="PhytoKeys 53" docPubDate="2015-07-21" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.53.5250" docTitle="Centaurea ziganensis Yuezb., M. Bona &amp; I. Genc 2015, sp. nov." docType="treatment" docVersion="3" id="C7791647FFBAFF8AFFCCFFDFF673FF81" lastPageNumber="31" masterDocId="C7791647FFBAFF8AFFCCFFDFF673FF81" masterDocTitle="A new species of Centaurea sect. Pseudoseridia (Asteraceae) from north-eastern Turkey" masterLastPageNumber="38" masterPageNumber="27" pageNumber="29" updateTime="1668141420031" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:titleInfo>
<mods:title>A new species of Centaurea sect. Pseudoseridia (Asteraceae) from north-eastern Turkey</mods:title>
</mods:titleInfo>
<mods:name type="personal">
<mods:role>
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart>Yuezbasioglu, Ibrahim Sirri</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation>Department of Pharmaceutical Botany, Faculty of Pharmacy, Istanbul University, 34116, Istanbul, Turkey</mods:affiliation>
<mods:nameIdentifier type="email">yuzbasis@istanbul.edu.tr</mods:nameIdentifier>
</mods:name>
<mods:name type="personal">
<mods:role>
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart>Bona, Mehmet</mods:namePart>
</mods:name>
<mods:name type="personal">
<mods:role>
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart>Genc, Ilker</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation>Department of Pharmaceutical Botany, Faculty of Pharmacy, Istanbul University, 34116, Istanbul, Turkey</mods:affiliation>
</mods:name>
<mods:typeOfResource>text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:titleInfo>
<mods:title>PhytoKeys</mods:title>
</mods:titleInfo>
<mods:part>
<mods:date>2015</mods:date>
<mods:detail type="pubDate">
<mods:number>2015-07-21</mods:number>
</mods:detail>
<mods:detail type="volume">
<mods:number>53</mods:number>
</mods:detail>
<mods:extent unit="page">
<mods:start>27</mods:start>
<mods:end>38</mods:end>
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<mods:location>
<mods:url>http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.53.5250</mods:url>
</mods:location>
<mods:classification>journal article</mods:classification>
<mods:identifier type="DOI">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.53.5250</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier type="Pensoft-Pub">1314-2003-53-27</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier type="Pensoft-UUID">C7791647FFBAFF8AFFCCFFDFF673FF81</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier type="Zenodo-Dep">576304</mods:identifier>
</mods:mods>
<treatment ID-GBIF-Taxon="182227801" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:D4B4CFFE73765943BA489F1FAE4ED2B8" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/D4B4CFFE73765943BA489F1FAE4ED2B8" lastPageId="4" lastPageNumber="31" pageId="2" pageNumber="29">
<subSubSection pageId="2" pageNumber="29" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph pageId="2" pageNumber="29">
<taxonomicName LSID="D4B4CFFE-7376-5943-BA48-9F1FAE4ED2B8" authority="Yüzb., M. Bona &amp; İ. Genç" authorityName="Yuezb., M. Bona &amp; I. Genc" authorityYear="2015" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Asteraceae" genus="Centaurea" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Centaurea ziganensis" order="Asterales" pageId="2" pageNumber="29" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="ziganensis" status="sp. nov.">
Centaurea ziganensis 
<normalizedToken originalValue="Yüzb">Yuezb</normalizedToken>
., M. Bona &amp; 
<normalizedToken originalValue="İ">I</normalizedToken>
. 
<normalizedToken originalValue="Genç">Genc</normalizedToken>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel pageId="2" pageNumber="29">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 1" captionStartId="F1" captionText="Figure 1. Centaurea ziganensis sp. nov. a habit b roset leaves c achene d median phyllaries e capitulum." figureDoi="10.3897/phytokeys.53.5250.figure1" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/47597" pageId="2" pageNumber="29">Fig. 1</figureCitation>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="2" pageNumber="29" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph pageId="2" pageNumber="29">Diagnosis.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="2" pageNumber="29">
<taxonomicName authorityName="Yuezb., M. Bona &amp; I. Genc" authorityYear="2015" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Asteraceae" genus="Centaurea" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Centaurea ziganensis" order="Asterales" pageId="2" pageNumber="29" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="ziganensis">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="29">Centaurea ziganensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is related to 
<taxonomicName authorityName="Hub - Mor" authorityYear="1967" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Asteraceae" genus="Centaurea" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Centaurea drabifolioides" order="Asterales" pageId="2" pageNumber="29" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="drabifolioides">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="29">Centaurea drabifolioides</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, from which it differs mainly in its 2-4 (-8) branched and non-winged stem (not simple and winged), median phyllary appendages with 4-6 pairs of cilia (not 5-10); achenes 4.5-5 mm long, oblong, straw-colored, striate (not 5.5-6 mm long, lanceolate, blackish-chestnut, shiny); pappus straw-colored (not blackish-chestnut).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="2" pageNumber="29" type="type">
<paragraph pageId="2" pageNumber="29">Type.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="2" pageNumber="29">
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="29">
TURKEY. 
<normalizedToken originalValue="Gümüşhane">Guemueshane</normalizedToken>
</emphasis>
: Zigana 
<normalizedToken originalValue="pass-Gümüşhane">pass-Guemueshane</normalizedToken>
road, c. 5. km, rocky places, 1450 m a.s.l., 20 Aug 2014, 
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="29">
S. 
<normalizedToken originalValue="Yüzbaşıoğlu">Yuezbasioglu</normalizedToken>
4117
</emphasis>
(holotype: ISTE 104470, isotype: ANK).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection lastPageId="3" lastPageNumber="30" pageId="2" pageNumber="29" type="description">
<paragraph pageId="2" pageNumber="29">Description.</paragraph>
<paragraph lastPageId="3" lastPageNumber="30" pageId="2" pageNumber="29">
Perennial herb with sterile leaf-rosettes and woody rootstock. Stems erect or erect-ascending, pubescent with short simple hairs, 30-70 cm long, not winged, usually 2-4 (-8) well developed one-headed branched from near middle. Basal leaves scabrid with multiseriate septate hairs, and densely covered transparent sessile glands on both surfaces, narrowly lanceolate, petiole 3.5-6.5 cm long, margins entire or sparsely toothed, c. 10 teeth on each side (c. 1 mm long), acute, attenuate, 10-20 
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
0.5-1.5 cm (inc. petiole). Median and upper cauline leaves scabrid, linear-lanceolate, mucronate (c. 1 mm) at apex, margins entire; the median ones 5-10.5 
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
0.8-1 cm, distinctly decurrent; the upper ones 1.2-3.5 
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
0.2-0.4 cm, sessile, not decurrent, leaves decreasing to capitula, uppermost bract-like. Capitula 2-4 (-8), solitary at end of well-developed branches. Involucre ovoid, 15-20 
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
12-15 (-18) mm. Phyllaries green, tomentose at apex; the outer ones ovate, 5-6 
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
4-5.2 mm; the median ones lanceolate, 9.5-10 
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
4.6-5 mm; innermost linear-lanceolate, 16-17 
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
3.2-4 mm. Appendages small, not concealing basal part of phyllaries, 1.5-2 mm broad, dark brown, triangular, not decurrent, spreading or reflexed, with 4-6 pairs of cilia (1-3 mm), ending with a 
<pageBreakToken pageId="3" pageNumber="30" start="start">2</pageBreakToken>
-4 mm spinule. Florets yellow, marginal not radiant; corolla tube glabrous, 20 mm long, lobes 6-7 
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
0.5 mm, linear, with 5 brown stripes along corolla tubes; anthers 10 mm, filaments 4 mm long. Achenes oblong, straw-coloured, glabrous, distinctly striate, 4.5-5 
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
2-2.2 mm; pappus straw-coloured, biseriate, scabrous, outer series 5.3-6.2 mm long, inner series 1.5-1.8 mm long.
</paragraph>
<caption ID-Zenodo-Dep="965796" doi="10.3897/phytokeys.53.5250.figure1" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/47597" pageId="3" pageNumber="30" start="Figure 1" startId="F1">
<paragraph pageId="3" pageNumber="30">
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="30">Figure 1.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName authorityName="Yuezb., M. Bona &amp; I. Genc" authorityYear="2015" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Asteraceae" genus="Centaurea" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Centaurea ziganensis" order="Asterales" pageId="3" pageNumber="30" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="ziganensis">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="30">Centaurea ziganensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
sp. nov. 
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="30">a</emphasis>
habit 
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="30">b</emphasis>
roset leaves 
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="30">c</emphasis>
achene 
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="30">d</emphasis>
median phyllaries 
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="30">e</emphasis>
capitulum.
</paragraph>
</caption>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="3" pageNumber="30" type="phenology">
<paragraph pageId="3" pageNumber="30">Phenology.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="3" pageNumber="30">
<taxonomicName authorityName="Yuezb., M. Bona &amp; I. Genc" authorityYear="2015" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Asteraceae" genus="Centaurea" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Centaurea ziganensis" order="Asterales" pageId="3" pageNumber="30" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="ziganensis">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="30">Centaurea ziganensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
flowers from the end of June to-July, and mature fruits are produced in August-early September.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="3" pageNumber="30" type="etymology">
<paragraph pageId="3" pageNumber="30">Etymology.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="3" pageNumber="30">Named after the Zigana Mountains where it was discovered.</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="3" pageNumber="30" type="ecology">
<paragraph pageId="3" pageNumber="30">Ecology.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="3" pageNumber="30">
The new species was only found on the southern slopes of Zigana Mountains and occurs on rocky slopes at c. 1500 m elevation. Within this area, the new taxon is associated with plants such as: 
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Amaryllidaceae" genus="Allium" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Allium rupestre" order="Asparagales" pageId="3" pageNumber="30" phylum="Angiospermae" rank="species" species="rupestre">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="30">Allium rupestre</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
Steven, 
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Brassicaceae" genus="Alyssoides" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Alyssoides utriculata" order="Brassicales" pageId="3" pageNumber="30" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="utriculata">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="30">Alyssoides utriculata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(L.) Medik., 
<taxonomicName class="Dicotyledoneae" family="Caryophyllaceae" genus="Arenaria" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Arenaria serpyllifolia" order="Centrospermae" pageId="3" pageNumber="30" phylum="Angiospermae" rank="species" species="serpyllifolia">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="30">Arenaria serpyllifolia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
L., 
<taxonomicName class="Polypodiopsida" family="Aspleniaceae" genus="Asplenium" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Asplenium septentrionale" order="Polypodiales" pageId="3" pageNumber="30" phylum="Polypodiopsida" rank="species" species="septentrionale">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="30">Asplenium septentrionale</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(L.) Hoffm., 
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Campanulaceae" genus="Asyneuma" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Asyneuma lobelioides" order="Asterales" pageId="3" pageNumber="30" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="lobelioides">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="30">Asyneuma lobelioides</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(Willd) Hand.-Mazz., 
<taxonomicName class="Dicotyledoneae" family="Berberidaceae" genus="Berberis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Berberis vulgaris" order="Ranunculales" pageId="3" pageNumber="30" phylum="Angiospermae" rank="species" species="vulgaris">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="30">Berberis vulgaris</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
L., 
<taxonomicName authorityName="K. Koch" authorityYear="1850" class="Eudicots" family="Campanulaceae" genus="Campanula" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Campanula betulifolia" order="Asterales" pageId="3" pageNumber="30" phylum="Magnoliophyta" rank="species" species="betulifolia">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="30">Campanula betulifolia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
C. Koch, 
<taxonomicName authority="Mill. var. orientalis" class="Dicotyledoneae" family="Fabaceae" genus="Coronilla" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Coronilla orientalis subsp. var. var. orientalis" order="Rosales" pageId="3" pageNumber="30" phylum="Angiospermae" rank="variety" species="orientalis" subSpecies="var." variety="orientalis">Coronilla orientalis Mill. var. orientalis</taxonomicName>
, 
<taxonomicName authorityName="M. Bieb" authorityYear="1808" class="Dicotyledoneae" family="Euphorbiaceae" genus="Euphorbia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Euphorbia condylocarpa" order="Geraniales" pageId="3" pageNumber="30" phylum="Angiospermae" rank="species" species="condylocarpa">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="30">Euphorbia condylocarpa</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
M. Bieb., 
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Cruciferae" genus="Fibigia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Fibigia clypeata" order="Capparales" pageId="3" pageNumber="30" phylum="Magnoliophyta" rank="species" species="clypeata">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="30">Fibigia clypeata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(L.) Medik., 
<taxonomicName class="Dicotyledoneae" family="Rutaceae" genus="Haplophyllum" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Haplophyllum armenum" order="Rutales" pageId="3" pageNumber="30" phylum="Angiospermae" rank="species" species="armenum">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="30">Haplophyllum armenum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
Spach, 
<taxonomicName genus="Helianthemun" lsidName="Helianthemun nummularium" pageId="3" pageNumber="30" rank="species" species="nummularium">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="30">Helianthemun nummularium</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(L.) Mill., 
<taxonomicName authorityName="Boiss &amp; Bal" authorityYear="1888" class="Dicotyledoneae" family="Clusiaceae" genus="Hypericum" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Hypericum pruinatum" order="Guttiferales" pageId="3" pageNumber="30" phylum="Angiospermae" rank="species" species="pruinatum">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="30">Hypericum pruinatum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
Boiss. &amp; Bal., 
<taxonomicName authority="L. subsp. officinalis" class="Dicotyledoneae" family="Lamiaceae" genus="Hyssopus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Hyssopus officinalis subsp. officinalis" order="Tubiflorae" pageId="3" pageNumber="30" phylum="Angiospermae" rank="subSpecies" species="officinalis" subSpecies="officinalis">Hyssopus officinalis L. subsp. officinalis</taxonomicName>
, 
<taxonomicName authority="L. subsp. oxycedrus" class="Pinopsida" family="Cupressaceae" genus="Juniperus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Juniperus oxycedrus subsp. oxycedrus" order="Pinales" pageId="3" pageNumber="30" phylum="Coniferophyta" rank="subSpecies" species="oxycedrus" subSpecies="oxycedrus">Juniperus oxycedrus L. subsp. oxycedrus</taxonomicName>
, 
<taxonomicName class="Dicotyledoneae" family="Lamiaceae" genus="Lamium" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Lamium galactophyllum" order="Tubiflorae" pageId="3" pageNumber="30" phylum="Angiospermae" rank="species" species="galactophyllum">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="30">Lamium galactophyllum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
Boiss. &amp; Reuter, 
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Apiaceae" genus="Laser" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Laser trilobum" order="Apiales" pageId="3" pageNumber="30" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="trilobum">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="30">Laser trilobum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(L.) Borkh., 
<taxonomicName class="Monocotyledoneae" family="Liliaceae" genus="Ornithogalum" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Ornithogalum narbonense" order="Liliiflorae" pageId="3" pageNumber="30" phylum="Angiospermae" rank="species" species="narbonense">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="30">Ornithogalum narbonense</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
L, 
<taxonomicName authorityName="Wagenitz" authorityYear="2000" baseAuthorityName="Boiss." class="Magnoliatae" family="Compositae" genus="Psephellus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Psephellus pyrrhoblepharus" order="Asterales" pageId="3" pageNumber="30" phylum="Magnoliophyta" rank="species" species="pyrrhoblepharus">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="30">Psephellus pyrrhoblepharus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(Boiss.) Wagenitz, 
<taxonomicName authorityName="V. A. Matthews" authorityYear="1975" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Asteraceae" genus="Reichardia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Reichardia glauca" order="Asterales" pageId="3" pageNumber="30" phylum="Magnoliophyta" rank="species" species="glauca">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="30">Reichardia glauca</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
Matthews, 
<taxonomicName class="Dicotyledoneae" family="Rosaceae" genus="Rosa" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Rosa canina" order="Rosales" pageId="3" pageNumber="30" phylum="Angiospermae" rank="species" species="canina">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="30">Rosa canina</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
L., 
<taxonomicName class="Dicotyledoneae" family="Lamiaceae" genus="Salvia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Salvia tomentosa" order="Tubiflorae" pageId="3" pageNumber="30" phylum="Angiospermae" rank="species" species="tomentosa">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="30">Salvia tomentosa</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
Mill., 
<taxonomicName class="Dicotyledoneae" family="Lamiaceae" genus="Salvia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Salvia verticillata" order="Tubiflorae" pageId="3" pageNumber="30" phylum="Angiospermae" rank="species" species="verticillata">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="30">Salvia verticillata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
L., 
<taxonomicName class="Dicotyledoneae" family="Saxifragaceae" genus="Saxifraga" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Saxifraga paniculata" order="Rosales" pageId="3" pageNumber="30" phylum="Angiospermae" rank="species" species="paniculata">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="30">Saxifraga paniculata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
Mill., 
<taxonomicName authorityName="Muirh" authorityYear="1965" class="Eudicots" family="Crassulaceae" genus="Sempervivum" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Sempervivum transcaucasicum" order="Saxifragales" pageId="3" pageNumber="30" phylum="Magnoliophyta" rank="species" species="transcaucasicum">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="30">Sempervivum transcaucasicum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
Muirhead, 
<taxonomicName class="Dicotyledoneae" family="Caryophyllaceae" genus="Silene" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Silene dichotoma subsp. sibthorpiana" order="Centrospermae" pageId="3" pageNumber="30" phylum="Angiospermae" rank="subSpecies" species="dichotoma" subSpecies="sibthorpiana">Silene dichotoma Ehrh. subsp. sibthorpiana</taxonomicName>
(Reichb.) Rech., 
<taxonomicName authorityName="Fenzl" authorityYear="1860" baseAuthorityName="Boiss." class="Magnoliopsida" family="Brassicaceae" genus="Sobolewskia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Sobolewskia clavata" order="Brassicales" pageId="3" pageNumber="30" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="clavata">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="30">Sobolewskia clavata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
Fenzl, 
<taxonomicName class="Dicotyledoneae" family="Lamiaceae" genus="Teucrium" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Teucrium polium" order="Tubiflorae" pageId="3" pageNumber="30" phylum="Angiospermae" rank="species" species="polium">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="30">Teucrium polium</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
L. and species of 
<taxonomicName class="Dicotyledoneae" family="Aceraceae" genus="Acer" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Acer" order="Sapindales" pageId="3" pageNumber="30" phylum="Angiospermae" rank="genus">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="30">Acer</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and 
<taxonomicName class="Dicotyledoneae" family="Fagaceae" genus="Quercus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Quercus" order="Fagales" pageId="3" pageNumber="30" phylum="Angiospermae" rank="genus">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="30">Quercus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="3" pageNumber="30" type="distribution and proposed conservation status">
<paragraph pageId="3" pageNumber="30">Distribution and proposed conservation status.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="3" pageNumber="30">
As presently known, 
<taxonomicName authorityName="Yuezb., M. Bona &amp; I. Genc" authorityYear="2015" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Asteraceae" genus="Centaurea" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Centaurea ziganensis" order="Asterales" pageId="3" pageNumber="30" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="ziganensis">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="30">Centaurea ziganensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is a narrow endemic and known only from the type locality, north eastern Anatolia (
<normalizedToken originalValue="Gümüşhane">Guemueshane</normalizedToken>
): where the extent of occurrence is less than 100 km2 (criterion B1), with an estimated area of occupancy of less than 10 km2 (criterion B2). According to our field observations, habitat destruction through human encroachment such as road construction is the principal threat in the area. Therefore, on the basis of our knowledge, we argue that the species is potentially Critically Endangered (CR), but more data are needed to estimate its real IUCN category of threat (
<bibRefCitation author="IUCN" journalOrPublisher="Standards and Petitions Subcommittee" pageId="9" pageNumber="36" publicationUrl="http://www.iucnredlist.org/documents/RedListGuidelines.pdf" refId="B18" refString="IUCN, 2014. Guidelines for using the IUCN Red List Categories and Criteria. Version 11. Standards and Petitions Subcommittee, http://www.iucnredlist.org/documents/RedListGuidelines.pdf [10 Feb 2015]" title="Guidelines for using the IUCN Red List Categories and Criteria. Version 11" url="http://www.iucnredlist.org/documents/RedListGuidelines.pdf" year="2014">IUCN 2014</bibRefCitation>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection lastPageId="4" lastPageNumber="31" pageId="3" pageNumber="30" type="karyology">
<paragraph pageId="3" pageNumber="30">Karyology.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="3" pageNumber="30">
The chromosome number of the new taxon is 2n = 18 (Fig. 
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="F2" captionText="Figure 2. Somatic chromosomes, karyotype and idiogram of Centaurea ziganensis (a-c); Centaurea drabifolioides (d-f). Arrow indicates satellite. Scale bars = 5 µm." figureDoi="10.3897/phytokeys.53.5250.figure2" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/47598" pageId="3" pageNumber="30">2a</figureCitation>
). The shortest chromosome length is 2.22 
<normalizedToken originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
, the longest is 3.55 
<normalizedToken originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
, and the haploid chromosome length is 24.17 
<normalizedToken originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
. The karyotype formula of this taxon consists of 10 median pairs and 8 submedian pairs. Satellites were usually seen on the short arms of the longest sub-metacentric chromosomes. As for karyotype asymmetry, the karyotype of this species is classified according to the symmetry classes of Stebbins as 3A. Intrachromosomal asymmetry (MCA) is 20.90 and the interchromosomal asymmetry index (CVCL) is 16.32. The karyogram is given in Figure 
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="F2" captionText="Figure 2. Somatic chromosomes, karyotype and idiogram of Centaurea ziganensis (a-c); Centaurea drabifolioides (d-f). Arrow indicates satellite. Scale bars = 5 µm." figureDoi="10.3897/phytokeys.53.5250.figure2" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/47598" pageId="3" pageNumber="30">2b</figureCitation>
, and ideogram was drawn based on the centromeric index (Fig. 
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="F2" captionText="Figure 2. Somatic chromosomes, karyotype and idiogram of Centaurea ziganensis (a-c); Centaurea drabifolioides (d-f). Arrow indicates satellite. Scale bars = 5 µm." figureDoi="10.3897/phytokeys.53.5250.figure2" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/47598" pageId="3" pageNumber="30">2c</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<caption ID-Zenodo-Dep="965798" doi="10.3897/phytokeys.53.5250.figure2" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/47598" pageId="3" pageNumber="30" start="Figure 2" startId="F2">
<paragraph pageId="3" pageNumber="30">
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="30">Figure 2.</emphasis>
Somatic chromosomes, karyotype and idiogram of 
<taxonomicName authorityName="Yuezb., M. Bona &amp; I. Genc" authorityYear="2015" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Asteraceae" genus="Centaurea" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Centaurea ziganensis" order="Asterales" pageId="3" pageNumber="30" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="ziganensis">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="30">Centaurea ziganensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="30">a-c</emphasis>
); 
<taxonomicName authorityName="Hub - Mor" authorityYear="1967" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Asteraceae" genus="Centaurea" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Centaurea drabifolioides" order="Asterales" pageId="3" pageNumber="30" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="drabifolioides">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="30">Centaurea drabifolioides</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="30">d-f</emphasis>
). Arrow indicates satellite. Scale bars = 5 
<normalizedToken originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph lastPageId="4" lastPageNumber="31" pageId="3" pageNumber="30">
Our study showed that the chromosome number of 
<taxonomicName authorityName="Hub - Mor" authorityYear="1967" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Asteraceae" genus="Centaurea" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Centaurea drabifolioides" order="Asterales" pageId="3" pageNumber="30" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="drabifolioides">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="30">Centaurea drabifolioides</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
Hub.-Mor. is 2n = 18 (Fig. 
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="F2" captionText="Figure 2. Somatic chromosomes, karyotype and idiogram of Centaurea ziganensis (a-c); Centaurea drabifolioides (d-f). Arrow indicates satellite. Scale bars = 5 µm." figureDoi="10.3897/phytokeys.53.5250.figure2" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/47598" pageId="3" pageNumber="30">2d</figureCitation>
). The shortest chromosome length is 1.51 
<normalizedToken originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
, the longest is 2.77 
<normalizedToken originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
, and the haploid chromosome length is 18.64 
<normalizedToken originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
. The karyotype formula of this taxon consists of 10 median pairs and 8 submedian pairs. Satellites were usually seen on the 
<pageBreakToken pageId="4" pageNumber="31" start="start">short</pageBreakToken>
arms of shortest sub-metacentric chromosomes. As for karyotype asymmetry, the karyotype of this species is classified according to the symmetry classes of Stebbins as 3A. Intrachromosomal asymmetry (MCA) is 22.71 and the interchromosomal asymmetry index (CVCL) is 17.95. The karyogram is given in Figure 
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="F2" captionText="Figure 2. Somatic chromosomes, karyotype and idiogram of Centaurea ziganensis (a-c); Centaurea drabifolioides (d-f). Arrow indicates satellite. Scale bars = 5 µm." figureDoi="10.3897/phytokeys.53.5250.figure2" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/47598" pageId="4" pageNumber="31">2e</figureCitation>
, and ideogram was drawn based on the centromeric index (Fig. 
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="F2" captionText="Figure 2. Somatic chromosomes, karyotype and idiogram of Centaurea ziganensis (a-c); Centaurea drabifolioides (d-f). Arrow indicates satellite. Scale bars = 5 µm." figureDoi="10.3897/phytokeys.53.5250.figure2" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/47598" pageId="4" pageNumber="31">2f</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="4" pageNumber="31" type="sem observations">
<paragraph pageId="4" pageNumber="31">SEM observations.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="4" pageNumber="31">
Seed surface pattern of 
<taxonomicName authorityName="Yuezb., M. Bona &amp; I. Genc" authorityYear="2015" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Asteraceae" genus="Centaurea" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Centaurea ziganensis" order="Asterales" pageId="4" pageNumber="31" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="ziganensis">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="31">Centaurea ziganensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is ruminate. Testa cells are regularly arranged, elongated parallel with the seed surface and the cells are apparently imbricate. The cell boundaries are thin and have smooth structure, and the boundaries raised above cell centre (Fig. 
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="F3" captionText="Figure 3. Scanning electron micrographs of achene surface. (a-c) Centaurea ziganensis. (d-f) Centaurea drabifolioides." figureDoi="10.3897/phytokeys.53.5250.figure3" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/47599" pageId="4" pageNumber="31">3a-c</figureCitation>
). Even seed surface pattern and testa cell arrangement of 
<taxonomicName authorityName="Hub - Mor" authorityYear="1967" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Asteraceae" genus="Centaurea" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Centaurea drabifolioides" order="Asterales" pageId="4" pageNumber="31" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="drabifolioides">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="31">Centaurea drabifolioides</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
are similar to 
<taxonomicName authorityName="Yuezb., M. Bona &amp; I. Genc" authorityYear="2015" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Asteraceae" genus="Centaurea" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Centaurea ziganensis" order="Asterales" pageId="4" pageNumber="31" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="ziganensis">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="31">Centaurea ziganensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, the cell centres raised above the boundaries and testa cells are not apparently imbricate (Fig. 
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="F3" captionText="Figure 3. Scanning electron micrographs of achene surface. (a-c) Centaurea ziganensis. (d-f) Centaurea drabifolioides." figureDoi="10.3897/phytokeys.53.5250.figure3" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/47599" pageId="4" pageNumber="31">3d-f</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<caption ID-Zenodo-Dep="965800" doi="10.3897/phytokeys.53.5250.figure3" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/47599" pageId="4" pageNumber="31" start="Figure 3" startId="F3">
<paragraph pageId="4" pageNumber="31">
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="31">Figure 3.</emphasis>
Scanning electron micrographs of achene surface. (
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="31">a-c</emphasis>
) 
<taxonomicName authorityName="Yuezb., M. Bona &amp; I. Genc" authorityYear="2015" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Asteraceae" genus="Centaurea" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Centaurea ziganensis" order="Asterales" pageId="4" pageNumber="31" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="ziganensis">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="31">Centaurea ziganensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. (
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="31">d-f</emphasis>
) 
<taxonomicName authorityName="Hub - Mor" authorityYear="1967" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Asteraceae" genus="Centaurea" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Centaurea drabifolioides" order="Asterales" pageId="4" pageNumber="31" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="drabifolioides">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="31">Centaurea drabifolioides</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
.
</paragraph>
</caption>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>