179 lines
17 KiB
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179 lines
17 KiB
XML
<document ID-DOI="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.53.4955" ID-PMC="PMC4547023" ID-Pensoft-Pub="1314-2003-53-39" ID-Pensoft-UUID="824BD167D1535A15FC27FF98FFD3A404" ID-PubMed="26312040" ID-Zenodo-Dep="576284" ModsDocID="1314-2003-53-39" checkinTime="1451251414861" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Luong, Thien Tam, Hovenkamp, Peter H. & Sosef, Marc S. M." docDate="2015" docId="D4576AF9C4B853C19715381FB555018D" docLanguage="en" docName="PhytoKeys 53: 39-71" docOrigin="PhytoKeys 53" docPubDate="2015-07-21" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.53.4955" docTitle="Orthiopteris firma (Kuhn) Brownlie, Fl. Nouv. - Calédonie & Dépend. 3: 112, t. 13, f. 9, 10. 1969." docType="treatment" docVersion="3" id="824BD167D1535A15FC27FF98FFD3A404" lastPageNumber="54" masterDocId="824BD167D1535A15FC27FF98FFD3A404" masterDocTitle="Revision of the fern genus Orthiopteris (Saccolomataceae) in Malesia and adjacent regions" masterLastPageNumber="71" masterPageNumber="39" pageNumber="53" updateTime="1668141422086" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:mods xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>Revision of the fern genus Orthiopteris (Saccolomataceae) in Malesia and adjacent regions</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Luong, Thien Tam</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation>Department of Ecology - Evolutionary Biology, Viet Nam National University Ho Chi Minh city (VNUHCM) - University of Science. 227 Nguyen Van Cu, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam & Naturalis Biodiversity Center, section Botany. PO Box 9517, 2300 RA Leiden, The Netherlands</mods:affiliation>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Hovenkamp, Peter H.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation>Naturalis Biodiversity Center, section Botany. PO Box 9517, 2300 RA Leiden, The Netherlands</mods:affiliation>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Sosef, Marc S. M.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation>Botanic Garden Meise, Nieuwelaan 38, 1860 Meise, Belgium</mods:affiliation>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:typeOfResource>text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:relatedItem type="host">
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>PhytoKeys</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:part>
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<mods:date>2015</mods:date>
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<mods:detail type="pubDate">
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<mods:number>2015-07-21</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:detail type="volume">
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<mods:number>53</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:extent unit="page">
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<mods:start>39</mods:start>
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<mods:end>71</mods:end>
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</mods:extent>
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</mods:part>
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</mods:relatedItem>
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<mods:location>
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<mods:url>http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.53.4955</mods:url>
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</mods:location>
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<mods:classification>journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier type="DOI">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.53.4955</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="Pensoft-Pub">1314-2003-53-39</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="Pensoft-UUID">824BD167D1535A15FC27FF98FFD3A404</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="Zenodo-Dep">576284</mods:identifier>
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</mods:mods>
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<treatment ID-GBIF-Taxon="182227817" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:D4576AF9C4B853C19715381FB555018D" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/D4576AF9C4B853C19715381FB555018D" lastPageId="16" lastPageNumber="54" pageId="14" pageNumber="53">
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<subSubSection pageId="14" pageNumber="53" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph pageId="14" pageNumber="53">
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4.
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<taxonomicName LSID="D4576AF9-C4B8-53C1-9715-381FB555018D" authority="(Kuhn) Brownlie, Fl. Nouv. - Caledonie & Depend. 3: 112, t. 13, f. 9, 10. 1969." authorityName="(Kuhn) Brownlie, Fl. Nouv. - Calédonie & Dépend. 3: 112, t. 13, f. 9, 10. 1969." class="Polypodiopsida" family="Saccolomataceae" genus="Orthiopteris" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Orthiopteris firma" order="Polypodiales" pageId="14" pageNumber="53" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="firma">
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Orthiopteris firma (Kuhn) Brownlie, Fl. Nouv.-
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<normalizedToken originalValue="Calédonie">Caledonie</normalizedToken>
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&
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<normalizedToken originalValue="Dépend">Depend</normalizedToken>
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. 3: 112, t. 13, f. 9, 10. 1969.
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</taxonomicName>
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="F3" captionText="Figure 3. Sori of Orthiopteris seen from abaxial side. a, b Orthiopteris campylura var. campylura (Cuming 119, MICH) c Orthiopteris campylura var. kingii (Brass 12941, MICH) d Orthiopteris trichophylla (Brass 12239, L) e Orthiopteris tenuis (Smith 9154, L) f Orthiopteris tenuis (Smith 7274, L) g Orthiopteris campylura var. caudata (Carr 12518, L) h Orthiopteris cicutarioides (Carr 13257, K) i, j Orthiopteris campylura var. insularis (Braithwaite 4110, L) k Orthiopteris tenuis (small segment) (Degener 14648, L) l Orthiopteris ferulacea (Smith 8932, K) m, n Orthiopteris firma (Schlechter 14890, L) o, p Orthiopteris campylura var. laxa (Mueller s. n., L) q, r Orthiopteris henriettae (Lam & Meeuse 5892, L) s Orthiopteris henriettae. t Orthiopteris samoensis (Reinecke 97 a, L) u, v Orthiopteris samoensis (Vaupel 312, L). All scale bars 1 mm, oi = outer indusium, ii = inner indusium." figureDoi="10.3897/phytokeys.53.4955.figure3" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/47605" pageId="14" pageNumber="53">Figs 3m, n</figureCitation>
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 4" captionStartId="F4" captionText="Figure 4. a-d Rhizome scales and e-h rachis scales of Orthiopteris. a Orthiopteris cicutarioides (Carr 13257, L) b Orthiopteris ferulacea (Smith 8932) c Orthiopteris firma (Green 1793, K) d Orthiopteris campylura var. kingi (Hoogland & Craven 10162, L) e, f Orthiopteris campylura var. kingi (Larhing 6910, L) g, h Orthiopteris samoensis (Reinecke 97 a, L). Scale bars: 1 mm (a-d), 0.1 mm (e-h)." figureDoi="10.3897/phytokeys.53.4955.figure4" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/47606" pageId="14" pageNumber="53">, 4c</figureCitation>
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 5" captionStartId="F5" captionText="Figure 5. Sporangia of Orthiopteris, note the unequal-sized annulus cells. a Orthiopteris henriettae (Malcomber et al. 2246, MO) b Orthiopteris firma (Green 1793, K). All scale bar 0.1 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/phytokeys.53.4955.figure5" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/47607" pageId="14" pageNumber="53">, 5b</figureCitation>
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 6" captionStartId="F6" captionText="Figure 6. Orthiopteris spores. a, b Orthiopteris firma (Guillaumin & Baumann-Bodenheim 10318, L) c Orthiopteris tenuis (Smith 9154, L) d Orthiopteris campylura var. campylura (Elmer 11717, L) e Orthiopteris campylura var. caudata (Ridsdale 30654, L) f Orthiopteris henriettae (Lam & Meeuse 5892, L) g, h Orthiopteris samoensis (Sledge 1563, L). All scale bars 10 µm." figureDoi="10.3897/phytokeys.53.4955.figure6" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/47608" pageId="14" pageNumber="53">, 6a, b</figureCitation>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="15" pageNumber="54" type="reference_group">
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<paragraph pageId="15" pageNumber="54">
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Kuhn" authorityYear="1869" class="Polypodiopsida" family="Saccolomataceae" genus="Saccoloma" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Saccoloma moluccanum subsp. var. var. firmum" order="Polypodiales" pageId="15" pageNumber="54" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="variety" species="moluccanum" subSpecies="var." variety="firmum">
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<pageBreakToken pageId="15" pageNumber="54" start="start">Saccoloma</pageBreakToken>
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moluccanum var. firmum
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</taxonomicName>
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Kuhn, Verh. Zool.-Bot. Ges. Wien 19: 582. 1869.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="15" pageNumber="54">
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<taxonomicName class="Polypodiopsida" family="Saccolomataceae" genus="Saccoloma" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Saccoloma firmum" order="Polypodiales" pageId="15" pageNumber="54" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="firmum">Saccoloma firmum</taxonomicName>
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(Kuhn) C.Chr., Vierteljahrsschr. Naturf. Ges.
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<normalizedToken originalValue="Zürich">Zuerich</normalizedToken>
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70. 221. 1925. Type. Based on
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<taxonomicName class="Polypodiopsida" family="Saccolomataceae" genus="Saccoloma" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="subsp. var. var. firmum" order="Polypodiales" pageId="15" pageNumber="54" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="variety" species="firmum" subSpecies="var." variety="firmum">var. firmum</taxonomicName>
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Kuhn
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="15" pageNumber="54">
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<taxonomicName authorityName="C. Chr" authorityYear="1934" baseAuthorityName="Kuhn" class="Polypodiopsida" family="Saccolomataceae" genus="Ithycaulon" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Ithycaulon firmum" order="Polypodiales" pageId="15" pageNumber="54" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="firmum">Ithycaulon firmum</taxonomicName>
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(Kuhn) C.Chr., Index Filic., Suppl. III: 116. 1934. Type. Based on
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<taxonomicName class="Polypodiopsida" family="Saccolomataceae" genus="Ithycaulon" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="subsp. var. var. firmum" order="Polypodiales" pageId="15" pageNumber="54" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="variety" species="firmum" subSpecies="var." variety="firmum">var. firmum</taxonomicName>
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Kuhn
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="15" pageNumber="54" type="lectotype">
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<paragraph pageId="15" pageNumber="54">Lectotype</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="15" pageNumber="54">
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="54">(here designated).</emphasis>
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VANUATU. Erromango,
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="54">MacGillivray s.n</emphasis>
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(B, 200157508 [http://herbarium.bgbm.org/object/B200157508]).
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="15" pageNumber="54" type="description">
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<paragraph pageId="15" pageNumber="54">Description.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="15" pageNumber="54">
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Rhizome erect, rising at least 20 cm above ground, diameter unknown (complete rhizome not seen). Rhizome scales basifixed, round to lanceolate, round scales 0.5-0.85
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<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
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0.6-1.0 mm, cordate scales 1.2-1.5
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<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
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1.1-1.5 mm, lanceolate scales 0.7-0.8
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<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
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0.-2.5 mm. Fronds ca 100-150 cm long; stipes stout, of unknown length, ca. 0.7-0.8 cm across (at base), dark brown; lamina deltoid, quadripinnate, complete fronds not seen, herbaceous, thick, dark green when dry, glabrous; pinnae at 50-60° to rachis, largest at base, separated or slightly overlapping, stalk 3 cm, including stalk up to 40
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<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
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25 cm, lanceolate, first basiscopic pinnules of lowest pinnae enlarged; ultimate segments 2.0-3.0
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<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
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0.7-1.5 cm, sessile or very short stalked, narrow trapeziform, apex obtuse to acute, margin with distinct, thick, yellow cartilaginous border; shallowly incised to 1.0-2.0 mm from veins; lobes acute, veins in lobes 7-15 forks, bright green, clearly visible and contrasting with lamina, percurrent, joining with border. Scales on rachis only on rachis or veins, very sparse (few scales on an entire frond), irregular triangular, basifixed, 0.35-0.50
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<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
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0.25-0.4 mm. Sori apical on small lobes, lateral on larger lobes, symmetric, not or slightly reflexed, slightly concave with lamina wings usually recurved, 1.4-1.2
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<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
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0.8 mm, elliptic to narrowly obovate, widest at middle to 3/4 from base; inner indusium bright brown and contrasting in colour with lamina, firm, slightly shorter than outer indusium, sometimes equal, apex with narrow 0.35-0.45 mm long tongue, 1/3-1/2 length of sorus; outer indusium acute, obtuse, rarely truncate or emarginate; sporangia 9-15 per sorus, capsule rectangular-triangular with truncate apex, narrowed toward base, indurated annulus cells 17-20, unequal; spores in polar view 30-32
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<normalizedToken originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
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, in lateral view 25-27
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<normalizedToken originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
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.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="15" pageNumber="54" type="distribution">
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<paragraph pageId="15" pageNumber="54">Distribution.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="15" pageNumber="54">New Caledonia; New Hebrides (?), Fiji (?)</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="15" pageNumber="54" type="ecology">
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<paragraph pageId="15" pageNumber="54">Ecology.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="15" pageNumber="54">Terrestrial on slopes or margin of humid montane forest, at 300-900 m altitude.</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection lastPageId="16" lastPageNumber="55" pageId="15" pageNumber="54" type="discussion">
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<paragraph pageId="15" pageNumber="54">Discussion.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="15" pageNumber="54">
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This species is quite large and therefore often incompletely represented in collections. Rhizomes are usually missing and entire fronds are not preserved. The brightly colored, firm and large sori are very conspicuous on the dark green lamina. The majority of the specimens of
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<taxonomicName class="Polypodiopsida" family="Saccolomataceae" genus="Orthiopteris" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Orthiopteris firma" order="Polypodiales" pageId="15" pageNumber="54" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="firma">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="54">Orthiopteris firma</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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are from New Caledonia, except for the two specimens cited in the protologue and a single specimen from Fiji (
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="54">Betche s.n.</emphasis>
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). All these represent records more than 100 years old for each respective location (collecting date is neither mentioned in literature nor indicated on specimen labels but collectors lived before 1913). For at least one of these specimens, a mistake in labelling is likely, as a similar specimen (
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="54">MacGillivray s.n.</emphasis>
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B 200157509) is indeed labelled as originating from New Caledonia. All recent collections of
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<taxonomicName class="Polypodiopsida" family="Saccolomataceae" genus="Orthiopteris" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Orthiopteris firma" order="Polypodiales" pageId="15" pageNumber="54" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="firma">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="54">Orthiopteris firma</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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are from New Caledonia, and therefore
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<taxonomicName class="Polypodiopsida" family="Saccolomataceae" genus="Orthiopteris" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Orthiopteris firma" order="Polypodiales" pageId="15" pageNumber="54" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="firma">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="54">Orthiopteris firma</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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is best considered as an endemic for New Caledonia.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph lastPageId="16" lastPageNumber="55" pageId="15" pageNumber="54">
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<bibRefCitation author="Kuhn, M" journalOrPublisher="Verhandlungen der Kaiserlich-Koeniglichen Zoologisch-Botanischen Gesellschaft in Wien" pageId="24" pageNumber="63" pagination="569 - 586" refId="B38" refString="Kuhn, M, 1869. Filices Novarum Hebridarum. Verhandlungen der Kaiserlich-Koeniglichen Zoologisch-Botanischen Gesellschaft in Wien 19: 569 - 586" title="Filices Novarum Hebridarum." volume="19" year="1869">Kuhn (1869)</bibRefCitation>
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described
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<taxonomicName class="Polypodiopsida" family="Saccolomataceae" genus="Saccoloma" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Saccoloma moluccanum subsp. var. var. firma" order="Polypodiales" pageId="15" pageNumber="54" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="variety" species="moluccanum" subSpecies="var." variety="firma">Saccoloma moluccanum var. firma</taxonomicName>
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based on two specimens:
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="54">Herus 85</emphasis>
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(Aneityum, New Hebrides) and
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="54">MacGillivray s.n.</emphasis>
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(Erromango, New Hebri
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<pageBreakToken pageId="16" pageNumber="55" start="start">des</pageBreakToken>
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, B200157508). Our study concludes that they belong to different taxa.
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="55">Herus 85</emphasis>
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is
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<taxonomicName authorityName="P. H. Hovenkamp & T. T. Luong" authorityYear="2015" class="Polypodiopsida" family="Saccolomataceae" genus="Orthiopteris" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Orthiopteris campylura subsp. var. var. laxa" order="Polypodiales" pageId="16" pageNumber="55" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="variety" species="campylura" subSpecies="var." variety="laxa">Orthiopteris campylura var. laxa</taxonomicName>
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,
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="55">MacGillivray s.n</emphasis>
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. is this taxon, although probably with an erroneous location, and is here selected as the lectotype for
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Kuhn" authorityYear="1869" class="Polypodiopsida" family="Saccolomataceae" genus="Saccoloma" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Saccoloma moluccanum subsp. var. var. firmum" order="Polypodiales" pageId="16" pageNumber="55" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="variety" species="moluccanum" subSpecies="var." variety="firmum">Saccoloma moluccanum var. firmum</taxonomicName>
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to maintain nomenclatural stability.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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</treatment>
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</document> |