265 lines
33 KiB
XML
265 lines
33 KiB
XML
<document ID-CLB-Dataset="53530" ID-DOI="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/jhr.94.94773" ID-GBIF-Dataset="7882b45a-4758-4221-830b-12794bedc016" ID-Pensoft-Pub="1314-2607-94-105" ID-Pensoft-UUID="30D640DD696E59B1B5A1CA0F8CB8A225" ID-ZooBank="D9DDB53D4A3E430DB3B78FDDBBE0260D" ModsDocID="1314-2607-94-105" checkinTime="1671601458817" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Simutnik, Serguei A., Perkovsky, Evgeny E. & Vasilenko, Dmitry V." docDate="2022" docId="D1357CD7C5065E60928CB9DD88D82FCE" docLanguage="en" docName="JourHymenoptRes 94: 105-120" docOrigin="Journal of Hymenoptera Research 94" docPubDate="2022-12-20" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/jhr.94.94773" docTitle="Electronoyesella Simutnik 2022, gen. nov." docType="treatment" docUuid="5BFACFC4-6923-4E7B-B034-95DEEE352D78" docUuidSource="ZooBank" docVersion="5" id="30D640DD696E59B1B5A1CA0F8CB8A225" lastPageNumber="105" masterDocId="30D640DD696E59B1B5A1CA0F8CB8A225" masterDocTitle="Electronoyesella antiqua Simutnik, gen. et sp. nov. (Chalcidoidea, Encyrtidae) from Rovno amber" masterLastPageNumber="120" masterPageNumber="105" pageNumber="105" updateTime="1732840951066" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:title id="2BE3C2D97038FF2C717137CEE95B2EB9">Electronoyesella antiqua Simutnik, gen. et sp. nov. (Chalcidoidea, Encyrtidae) from Rovno amber</mods:title>
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<mods:name id="E5595E3B04067FC40419B4647DB1D859" type="personal">
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<mods:namePart id="48F6C3B4988067F1CB1E2B68727AB82E">Simutnik, Serguei A.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:nameIdentifier id="997D17DBEEAAEF57759AEC49F42779FB" type="ORCID">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2538-6216</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:affiliation id="89F34D4E15D22BCC094D8FF7DFEC3CA3">I. I. Schmalhausen Institute of Zoology, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Kiev 01601, Ukraine</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:nameIdentifier id="7647AF5A0B76FA79F4917190A99092D0" type="email">simutnik@gmail.com</mods:nameIdentifier>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name id="3640B0533892EC5D310FE6E645D6BAB5" type="personal">
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<mods:roleTerm id="B223524EF231D7E50D783D2A0B9CC5E4">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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<mods:namePart id="6D3245AD265AF0F1C5D6DDD083E6088A">Perkovsky, Evgeny E.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:nameIdentifier id="8EFD521148789869A693822D7537B443" type="ORCID">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7959-4379</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:affiliation id="A26B7FFBF0903450149DBF547009F9D2">I. I. Schmalhausen Institute of Zoology, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Kiev 01601, Ukraine</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="96793BEB433BE518D2694DE90F50D618">Vasilenko, Dmitry V.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:nameIdentifier id="C0FE587B1F09211EDAC3C6500E42D0D2" type="ORCID">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4827-7290</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:affiliation id="596BEBEDF27387B9E74D6076823FF445">A. A. Borissiak Paleontological Institute, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow 117647, Russia & Cherepovets State University, Cherepovets, Vologda Region 162600, Russia</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:typeOfResource id="1DF6ED744FDFD474C50F4E6A52B3A73C">text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:title id="A2BA39BEDB44EEBBB87DA0288CD7AD87">Journal of Hymenoptera Research</mods:title>
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<mods:part id="C2FA9C45EE78B326419C2D2B714D03FA">
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<mods:date id="33E12628517BB5E4A016E6CB8247AE41">2022</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="F1292571131FF9498C425F42178648FA">2022-12-20</mods:number>
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<mods:number id="9F3A097AC68746E38DFB34C1207ECBDD">94</mods:number>
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<mods:start id="3D630C844FA16E262B65CA1B1888C4B8">105</mods:start>
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<mods:end id="71E3F79D4ED24E88F30BA5B387E5B38B">120</mods:end>
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<mods:url id="72C344E2EB1302BD6457C64679084F80">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/jhr.94.94773</mods:url>
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<mods:classification id="1EBB840C80E94683C738B29A50153DDB">journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier id="E1665F3F57A01C04222B88675C4660EA" type="DOI">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/jhr.94.94773</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="D1357CD7C5065E60928CB9DD88D82FCE" ID-GBIF-Taxon="206461055" LSID="urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:5BFACFC4-6923-4E7B-B034-95DEEE352D78" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/D1357CD7C5065E60928CB9DD88D82FCE" lastPageNumber="105" pageId="0" pageNumber="105" scope_family="Encyrtidae" scope_subFamily="Tetracneminae" scope_superFamily="Chalcidoidea">
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<subSubSection id="B7FD21E271B602C357F244BD613DFF8B" pageId="0" pageNumber="105" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="BB1C952AB1F729E212EF08D83809E4CC" pageId="0" pageNumber="105">
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Genus
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<taxonomicName id="2FE64860C6DA98851EF2C271626B64BC" LSID="https://zoobank.org/5BFACFC4-6923-4E7B-B034-95DEEE352D78" authority="Simutnik" authorityName="Simutnik" authorityYear="2022" class="Insecta" family="Encyrtidae" genus="Electronoyesella" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Electronoyesella" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="105" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus" status="gen. nov.">Electronoyesella Simutnik</taxonomicName>
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<taxonomicNameLabel id="BB36C40AD51B4D58EB399AC08860769C" pageId="0" pageNumber="105">gen. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="8BA27B439A60B45075672CAF1D0DED95" pageId="0" pageNumber="105" type="type species">
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<paragraph id="7FF4028F7A8114348F950F604016D299" pageId="0" pageNumber="105">Type species.</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="47781282BD1A84C106DD740159C52493" pageId="0" pageNumber="105">
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<taxonomicName id="4D4C1C312B50A79A3393DE2E6FB18557" authorityName="Simutnik" authorityYear="2022" class="Insecta" family="Encyrtidae" genus="Electronoyesella" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Electronoyesella antiqua" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="105" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="antiqua">
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<emphasis id="D296E2B86017238369F80FC56772DDA8" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="105">Electronoyesella antiqua</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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Simutnik, sp. nov.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="96BE1B450DB54EA1577F9C3948C46F7A" pageId="0" pageNumber="105" type="species composition">
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<paragraph id="095622053C6502F28CF75A3761A4C36C" pageId="0" pageNumber="105">Species composition.</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="460E66A0117C413410A26E7FAF9BB549" pageId="0" pageNumber="105">Type species only.</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="A4AEF73D4BA5BEA182157ED30ACB506A" pageId="0" pageNumber="105" type="etymology">
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<paragraph id="7EF73D8B90F3D448DABB5862EBFD153B" pageId="0" pageNumber="105">Etymology.</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="CD30F87DF38A702B734731E7062B5B55" pageId="0" pageNumber="105">
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The new genus is named in honor of John Stuart Noyes, who first saw the presence of the structures similar to paratergites in the new fossil. The name is a combination of
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<normalizedToken id="F42FAE025CD7EC23AB5FA3B5F7CFEA65" originalValue="“electrum”">"electrum"</normalizedToken>
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(Latin:
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<emphasis id="863CDBABD00CFEEBC6E82042C1E614D9" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="105">electrum</emphasis>
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= amber) and
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<normalizedToken id="8E40F497773CC9BF8B47FE7742F3465B" originalValue="“Noyes”">"Noyes"</normalizedToken>
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. The genus name is a feminine noun.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="89A4BECEDE95E4C46FB686B4FD86194B" pageId="0" pageNumber="105" type="diagnosis">
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<paragraph id="76484F38E545958AF84387272F40EB64" pageId="0" pageNumber="105">Diagnosis.</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="B4ABE433999ABCDA0650DA2BC887229C" pageId="0" pageNumber="105">
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<emphasis id="280D6EB5E42230D71303019284533E57" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="105">Female.</emphasis>
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Body not flattened; frontovertex as long as broad, with four vertical rows of piliferous punctures (Fig.
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<figureCitation id="6DBD7BD4E8369B005D2E7BD71C42AE00" captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="F3" captionText="Figure 3. Electronoyesella antiqua gen. et sp. nov., holotype female A head, antennae, part of mesosoma, anterodorsolateral view B head, antennae, part of mesosoma, anterodorsal view (arrow indicates the notaular depression)." figureDoi="10.3897/jhr.94.94773.figure3" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/784449" pageId="0" pageNumber="105">3A</figureCitation>
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); ocelli forming right angled triangle; horizontal row of three large, deep cells under each torulus (Fig.
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<figureCitation id="4E64E8D8E7D8DC06026D79B7BA984680" captionStart="Figure 4" captionStartId="F4" captionText="Figure 4. Electronoyesella antiqua gen. et sp. nov., holotype female, antennae, head anteroventral." figureDoi="10.3897/jhr.94.94773.figure4" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/784450" pageId="0" pageNumber="105">4</figureCitation>
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); clypeus and interantennal prominence intricately sculptured; mandibles tridentate with middle tooth longest; scape much more than 3
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<normalizedToken id="B5BD34B1CF8F0DB1B39698939CDBB2D6" originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
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as long as broad; F1 a little longer than broad to quadrate; notauli present only anteriorly as small but distinct depressions (Fig.
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<figureCitation id="092B36E959E230B834459AAF61A032D2" captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="F3" captionText="Figure 3. Electronoyesella antiqua gen. et sp. nov., holotype female A head, antennae, part of mesosoma, anterodorsolateral view B head, antennae, part of mesosoma, anterodorsal view (arrow indicates the notaular depression)." figureDoi="10.3897/jhr.94.94773.figure3" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/784449" pageId="0" pageNumber="105">3B</figureCitation>
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: arrow), without visible lines; filum spinosum absent; covering setae present; marginal vein 5
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<normalizedToken id="CDBE6FD1B9D37B52CD11F6AE1D69AC8C" originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
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as long as broad; postmarginal vein 1.5
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<normalizedToken id="B43625FCFEF4185E4F87E047997EF010" originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
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as long as marginal; costal cell of hind wing with line of long setae (Fig.
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<figureCitation id="6CF563AC4F11075A4E7E60346AF4AAAA" captionStart="Figure 5" captionStartId="F5" captionText="Figure 5. Electronoyesella antiqua gen. et sp. nov., holotype female A wings B forewing venation C hind wing venation (ls 1, 2 - lines of setae, spv - spur vein, pst - parastigma). Scale bars: 0.2 mm (A); 0.1 mm (B, C)." figureDoi="10.3897/jhr.94.94773.figure5" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/784451" pageId="0" pageNumber="105">5C</figureCitation>
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: ls1), longest of which located alongside parastigma (Fig.
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<figureCitation id="4827CB5090AE460B2C555AEB33A55F6B" captionStart="Figure 5" captionStartId="F5" captionText="Figure 5. Electronoyesella antiqua gen. et sp. nov., holotype female A wings B forewing venation C hind wing venation (ls 1, 2 - lines of setae, spv - spur vein, pst - parastigma). Scale bars: 0.2 mm (A); 0.1 mm (B, C)." figureDoi="10.3897/jhr.94.94773.figure5" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/784451" pageId="0" pageNumber="105">5C</figureCitation>
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: pst); row of thickened setae present alongside hyaline spur vein of hind wing (Fig.
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<figureCitation id="939EDFE0B9D67C087A5F903504539CE0" captionStart="Figure 5" captionStartId="F5" captionText="Figure 5. Electronoyesella antiqua gen. et sp. nov., holotype female A wings B forewing venation C hind wing venation (ls 1, 2 - lines of setae, spv - spur vein, pst - parastigma). Scale bars: 0.2 mm (A); 0.1 mm (B, C)." figureDoi="10.3897/jhr.94.94773.figure5" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/784451" pageId="0" pageNumber="105">5C</figureCitation>
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: ls2, spv); apex of metatibia with one peg (Fig.
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<figureCitation id="E1D370D7EAA018F5EB1B39C246A39086" captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="F2" captionText="Figure 2. Electronoyesella antiqua gen. et sp. nov., holotype female A body, ventral (arrows indicate the metatibial pegs in inset) B body, posterodorsal." figureDoi="10.3897/jhr.94.94773.figure2" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/784448" pageId="0" pageNumber="105">2A</figureCitation>
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: arrows); cerci located in apical third of metasoma; paratergite-like, sclerotized, separated part of Mt8 present alongside margin of syntergum (Figs
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<figureCitation id="0761D54D9AA64E70249CCC1323AD073E" captionStart="Figure 6" captionStartId="F6" captionText="Figure 6. Electronoyesella antiqua gen. et sp. nov., holotype female A metasoma, part of mesosoma, posterodorsal (cers - cercal seta, hyp - hypopygium, osh - ovipositor sheaths, ost - ovipositor stylet, ptrg? - paratergite?, spr - spiracle, syn - syntergum, vr 2 - second valvifer) B metasoma, part of mesosoma, posterolateral (cer - cercus, fc - filamentous connection, muc - mucro, opo? - possible, outer plate of the ovipositor, spv - hyaline spur vein; osh (v 3) - ovipositor sheaths)." figureDoi="10.3897/jhr.94.94773.figure6" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/784452" pageId="0" pageNumber="105">6A, B</figureCitation>
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,
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<figureCitation id="A64D8A3E7EB6B1A5F5CB241CB94B36C6" captionStart="Figure 7" captionStartId="F7" captionText="Figure 7. A, B Ericydnus sp., female A metasoma, dorsal (opo - outer plates of ovipositor, ptrg - paratergite) B apex of metasoma, lateral (spr - spiracle on the lateral lobe of the Mt 7, v 3 - ovipositor sheaths) C Electronoyesella antiqua gen. et sp. nov., holotype female, apex of metasoma, lateral (fc - filamentous connection). Scale bars: 0.2 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/jhr.94.94773.figure7" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/784453" pageId="0" pageNumber="105">7C</figureCitation>
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: ptrg?); apex of hypopygium reaching a little way past apex of last gastral tergum.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="41D8BDB56BA30BA2E21ED7602E66D559" pageId="0" pageNumber="105">
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<emphasis id="C4C1CEED9E8A08945ACFE54310A5D73F" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="105">Male.</emphasis>
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Unknown.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="F02802ABD8EF9F450CEB736D901CA73D" pageId="0" pageNumber="105" type="remarks">
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<paragraph id="FD878A5A4D9E1B6E83C5D2785FE99423" pageId="0" pageNumber="105">Remarks.</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="DA7A83BA7125AEC3FFA5C3403CD07AFA" pageId="0" pageNumber="105">
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Placement of
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<taxonomicName id="DCFD29B8ACF966D376D6DBFD587919CB" authorityName="Simutnik" authorityYear="2022" class="Insecta" family="Encyrtidae" genus="Electronoyesella" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Electronoyesella" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="105" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="C938C6255F4B4DC9C8C3D88C5D436A78" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="105">Electronoyesella</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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gen. nov. in
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<taxonomicName id="5B613C555EFFF85410F486CB24F955CB" authorityName="Howard" authorityYear="1892" lsidName="" pageId="0" pageNumber="105" rank="subFamily" subFamily="Tetracneminae">Tetracneminae</taxonomicName>
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is supported by the absence of the filum spinosum of linea calva, the tridentate mandibles with the middle tooth being the longest, the hypopygium reaching a little way past the apex of the syntergum, and the presence of the sclerotized, ribbon-like, separated part of Mt8 along the margin of the syntergum (Figs
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<figureCitation id="D7E26ED4DC90417A2636792397786541" captionStart="Figure 6" captionStartId="F6" captionText="Figure 6. Electronoyesella antiqua gen. et sp. nov., holotype female A metasoma, part of mesosoma, posterodorsal (cers - cercal seta, hyp - hypopygium, osh - ovipositor sheaths, ost - ovipositor stylet, ptrg? - paratergite?, spr - spiracle, syn - syntergum, vr 2 - second valvifer) B metasoma, part of mesosoma, posterolateral (cer - cercus, fc - filamentous connection, muc - mucro, opo? - possible, outer plate of the ovipositor, spv - hyaline spur vein; osh (v 3) - ovipositor sheaths)." figureDoi="10.3897/jhr.94.94773.figure6" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/784452" pageId="0" pageNumber="105">6A, B</figureCitation>
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,
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<figureCitation id="A578548D254E0D8AA5FAE8E31429AD38" captionStart="Figure 7" captionStartId="F7" captionText="Figure 7. A, B Ericydnus sp., female A metasoma, dorsal (opo - outer plates of ovipositor, ptrg - paratergite) B apex of metasoma, lateral (spr - spiracle on the lateral lobe of the Mt 7, v 3 - ovipositor sheaths) C Electronoyesella antiqua gen. et sp. nov., holotype female, apex of metasoma, lateral (fc - filamentous connection). Scale bars: 0.2 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/jhr.94.94773.figure7" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/784453" pageId="0" pageNumber="105">7C</figureCitation>
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: ptrg?). This structure closely resembles the paratergites of extant
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<taxonomicName id="96D0D90170DA605271228897361AE882" authorityName="Howard" authorityYear="1892" lsidName="" pageId="0" pageNumber="105" rank="subFamily" subFamily="Tetracneminae">Tetracneminae</taxonomicName>
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(Fig.
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<figureCitation id="77995153EB092B9840E69F0F1F2A6763" captionStart="Figure 7" captionStartId="F7" captionText="Figure 7. A, B Ericydnus sp., female A metasoma, dorsal (opo - outer plates of ovipositor, ptrg - paratergite) B apex of metasoma, lateral (spr - spiracle on the lateral lobe of the Mt 7, v 3 - ovipositor sheaths) C Electronoyesella antiqua gen. et sp. nov., holotype female, apex of metasoma, lateral (fc - filamentous connection). Scale bars: 0.2 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/jhr.94.94773.figure7" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/784453" pageId="0" pageNumber="105">7A, B</figureCitation>
|
||
: ptrg) and may be morphological evidence for the existence of this subfamily in the late Eocene.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="D5CC5AFE8FB8122905F5B6420BE23389" pageId="0" pageNumber="105">
|
||
The hind wing of the new genus has a single line of long setae alongside the entire costal cell (Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation id="6C63DD4D58A2CEE52E70747A5A985342" captionStart="Figure 5" captionStartId="F5" captionText="Figure 5. Electronoyesella antiqua gen. et sp. nov., holotype female A wings B forewing venation C hind wing venation (ls 1, 2 - lines of setae, spv - spur vein, pst - parastigma). Scale bars: 0.2 mm (A); 0.1 mm (B, C)." figureDoi="10.3897/jhr.94.94773.figure5" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/784451" pageId="0" pageNumber="105">5C</figureCitation>
|
||
: ls1) as in most extant
|
||
<taxonomicName id="F3E625BBF08190E63030C4E7684F19A9" authorityName="Howard" authorityYear="1890" class="Insecta" family="Tanaostigmatidae" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="105" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">Tanaostigmatidae</taxonomicName>
|
||
. These setae vary in length, the longest located along the parastigma of the hind wing. In fossil
|
||
<taxonomicName id="28D73FE4294CD644EE998D3FB005F507" baseAuthorityName="Forster" baseAuthorityYear="1856" class="Insecta" family="Encyrtidae" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="105" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">Encyrtidae</taxonomicName>
|
||
, the same line of long setae has been recorded in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="79F248C94504F6566206780CB2168040" authorityName="Simutnik" authorityYear="2002" class="Insecta" family="Encyrtidae" genus="Eocencnemus" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Eocencnemus sugonjaevi" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="105" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="sugonjaevi">
|
||
<emphasis id="A31626CC08767D3E94953D4C70722AD2" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="105">Eocencnemus sugonjaevi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
Simutnik, 2002,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="93DBF20C39900B1FC64FDA08C03CEFB0" authorityName="Simutnik" authorityYear="2015" class="Insecta" genus="Sulia" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Sulia glaesaria" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="105" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="glaesaria">
|
||
<emphasis id="5C4CFB588BE5C71E1CEE4D571F7F4148" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="105">Sulia glaesaria</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
Simutnik, 2015 (Simutnik et al. 2021), and is also known in several undescribed specimens without filum spinosum. These differ from the new genus by the absence of a vertical rows of large piliferous punctures on the frontovertex.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="99072558D395CBE643BB93F8D5B48AAE" lsidName="E. sugonjaevi" pageId="0" pageNumber="105" rank="species" species="sugonjaevi">
|
||
<emphasis id="A3D45D9072F1582B9C95756E13988CB9" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="105">E. sugonjaevi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
also differs by its short, ring-like F1.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="9A7F8AB1A241D6AE9F8378D54FD5E79C" pageId="0" pageNumber="105">
|
||
The same line of long setae alongside the costal cell of the hind wing is present in few extant
|
||
<taxonomicName id="31A943E196560D11E8B454934DA41688" lsidName="" pageId="0" pageNumber="105" rank="subFamily" subFamily="Encyrtinae">Encyrtinae</taxonomicName>
|
||
:
|
||
<taxonomicName id="27D726502D85C2EDC59FEB9CE4EB3028" authorityName="Ashmead" authorityYear="1904" class="Insecta" family="Encyrtidae" genus="Exoristobia" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Exoristobia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="105" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="72594E2DF734754AD4DAB289DE8AF2A6" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="105">Exoristobia</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
Ashmead, 1904 (Simutnik et al. 2021),
|
||
<taxonomicName id="AB467BCF388DC368362498906E1D8322" authorityName="Ashmead" authorityYear="1900" class="Insecta" family="Encyrtidae" genus="Rhytidothorax" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Rhytidothorax" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="105" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="A182331F5BE36FE2E509D23E3252DC3E" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="105">Rhytidothorax</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
Ashmead, 1900, and some other
|
||
<taxonomicName id="C3A15AF1042C54D0E1A62AD0ADBE222C" authorityName="Howard" authorityYear="1895" lsidName="" pageId="0" pageNumber="105" rank="tribe" tribe="Bothriothoracini">Bothriothoracini</taxonomicName>
|
||
Howard, 1895 (J. S. Noyes, pers. comm. 2022). In
|
||
<taxonomicName id="0A7A05C57FD84AC8799E01EFE338CECF" authorityName="Mercet" authorityYear="1921" class="Insecta" family="Encyrtidae" genus="Aphycoides" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Aphycoides" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="105" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="52CCEE2E007F94B2E0C444F5E9264338" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="105">Aphycoides</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
Mercet, 1921 these setae are sparser and shorter. Within
|
||
<taxonomicName id="8E13175CE0C281F81C4A594647136B15" authorityName="Howard" authorityYear="1892" lsidName="" pageId="0" pageNumber="105" rank="subFamily" subFamily="Tetracneminae">Tetracneminae</taxonomicName>
|
||
, a somewhat similar line of setae is present in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="40C44355C912D590F636DC652FEE5DD8" class="Arachnida" family="Encyrtidae" genus="Ericydnus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Ericydnus" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="105" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="9A30840D6DFD1710CEE234C53D885AF4" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="105">Ericydnus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
Walker, 1837 and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="10D1274CEA45601D83BE3C5E732595CC" authorityName="Hoffer" authorityYear="1954" class="Insecta" family="Encyrtidae" genus="Moraviella" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Moraviella" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="105" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="1A3BA6BB3E358AC9D12995BFE4D73F9A" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="105">Moraviella</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
Hoffer, 1954, but their setae do not vary in length. A line or several lines of setae are present in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="9686E8E29DB8BE698F8AB961A213E0B5" authorityName="Walker" authorityYear="1846" class="Insecta" family="Encyrtidae" genus="Aenasius" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Aenasius" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="105" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="AC16C23C448C96451754F7B792E04DD5" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="105">Aenasius</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
Walker, 1846;
|
||
<taxonomicName id="194F9E1D6F42031F9F31C16FDD4D08A8" authorityName="Howard" authorityYear="1898" class="Insecta" family="Encyrtidae" genus="Blepyrus" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Blepyrus" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="105" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="043B3E18A8659126859D359A709DE43D" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="105">Blepyrus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
Howard, 1898;
|
||
<taxonomicName id="7616D4C760640F31F48772A7F526BD2E" class="Insecta" family="Encyrtidae" genus="Monodiscodes" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Monodiscodes" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="105" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="9FED762A661C31A3EAABADF9637474EB" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="105">Monodiscodes</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
Hoffer, 1953, but they are also short.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="7F648E4B6CD1DDEC6922E503E2266BBC" pageId="0" pageNumber="105">
|
||
A line of long setae, but sparser and more or less equal in length originating from the membrane of the costal cell, similar to these of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="2B9162710B203B4A0B7BC49CC57336C0" class="Arachnida" family="Encyrtidae" genus="Ericydnus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Ericydnus" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="105" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="3E63B880174D66C3A66F6021635ACA63" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="105">Ericydnus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, are also found in the earliest known Sakhalinian amber encyrtids:
|
||
<taxonomicName id="B31CF6CEE5E6C7AB0AD1A62C313EADE4" authorityName="Simutnik" authorityYear="2015" class="Insecta" family="Encyrtidae" genus="Sugonjaevia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Sugonjaevia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="105" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="E3AB7DD4AA8E11B3B4CA78B146154116" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="105">Sugonjaevia</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
Simutnik, 2015,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="F3A6F57D07CF85AE74810590A7AA33C9" authorityName="Simutnik" authorityYear="2020" class="Insecta" family="Encyrtidae" genus="Encyrtoides" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Encyrtoides" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="105" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="5E6AC01C5090902D1BAF2A233ECB002E" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="105">Encyrtoides</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
Simutnik, 2021, and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="3F96880BCE62C7A386CB164CC461FE20" authorityName="Simutnik" authorityYear="2021" class="Insecta" genus="Sakhalinencyrtus" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Sakhalinencyrtus" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="105" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="34F57F08681E1CD1621A8EBBE99D14BE" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="105">Sakhalinencyrtus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
Simutnik, 2021. This character state seems to be a feature of the stem group of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="1228600A15A05F61F09F9DFE8C3AA39D" baseAuthorityName="Forster" baseAuthorityYear="1856" class="Insecta" family="Encyrtidae" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="105" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">Encyrtidae</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="3474E225DD0EA464A07D6B33DA4C8AF0" pageId="0" pageNumber="105">
|
||
The first funicular segment seen in the majority of known Eocene encyrtid females, including the oldest described female from middle Eocene Sakhalinian amber (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="4051C7040EDA53FFA4E9FD259D778473" DOI="https://doi.org/10.1080/08912963.2020.1835887" author="Simutnik, SA" journalOrPublisher="Entomological Review" pageId="0" pageNumber="105" refId="B14" refString="Simutnik, SA, 2021. https://doi.org/10.1080/08912963.2020.1835887" url="https://doi.org/10.1080/08912963.2020.1835887" year="2021">Simutnik 2021</bibRefCitation>
|
||
), had an annular shape, or at least is broader than long. Of the 27 examined females of European and Sakhalinian ambers (some of which might belong to the same species), some undescribed, few have an F1 longer than broad. Among Eocene females without the filum spinosum (supposedly
|
||
<taxonomicName id="04441733732C1A12184C3E0836E5B16D" authorityName="Howard" authorityYear="1892" lsidName="" pageId="0" pageNumber="105" rank="subFamily" subFamily="Tetracneminae">Tetracneminae</taxonomicName>
|
||
), only in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="96EEF8A9D5E2E9D39DC6D36168311E5B" authorityName="Simutnik" authorityYear="2015" class="Insecta" genus="Sulia" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Sulia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="105" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="590940F625468471970C26B8E1116379" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="105">Sulia</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
Simutnik, 2015 and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="8BE37B60F180AE8BF48FD8548C1A5E6D" authorityName="Simutnik" authorityYear="2022" class="Insecta" family="Encyrtidae" genus="Rovnopositor" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Rovnopositor" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="105" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="4ED79A8DAD5AC1EDDDEB342205512472" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="105">Rovnopositor</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
Simutnik, 2022, is F1 about 1.5
|
||
<normalizedToken id="2C6BCCAC905B28840155DC2FCBDA1633" originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
|
||
as long as broad (the latter differs from the new genus by the absence of vertical rows of piliferous punctures on the frontovertex, its shorter marginal vein, the reduced gonostyli, and by its long, curved ovipositor stylet). F1 in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="3F5E783D6320A69311873CBA51A871E0" authorityName="Simutnik" authorityYear="2022" class="Insecta" family="Encyrtidae" genus="Electronoyesella" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Electronoyesella" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="105" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="A1C6D3C7075A576650389F54FA865E8F" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="105">Electronoyesella</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is slightly longer than broad (Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation id="1458F11E4C7F2D66C7DFD5BB9E8A1E4D" captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="F3" captionText="Figure 3. Electronoyesella antiqua gen. et sp. nov., holotype female A head, antennae, part of mesosoma, anterodorsolateral view B head, antennae, part of mesosoma, anterodorsal view (arrow indicates the notaular depression)." figureDoi="10.3897/jhr.94.94773.figure3" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/784449" pageId="0" pageNumber="105">3A, B</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="D6EB9B2115AA743D8C6190237F1E9249" pageId="0" pageNumber="105">
|
||
The new taxon further differs from most known
|
||
<taxonomicName id="965CBBEFF66B139E1329705A59DE30F6" baseAuthorityName="Forster" baseAuthorityYear="1856" class="Insecta" family="Encyrtidae" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="105" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">Encyrtidae</taxonomicName>
|
||
by the presence of a peg or spicule originating from the round, deep pit at the apex of metatibia (Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation id="73197EA5A18D88F6B30F9EB57244506B" captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="F2" captionText="Figure 2. Electronoyesella antiqua gen. et sp. nov., holotype female A body, ventral (arrows indicate the metatibial pegs in inset) B body, posterodorsal." figureDoi="10.3897/jhr.94.94773.figure2" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/784448" pageId="0" pageNumber="105">2A</figureCitation>
|
||
, arrows); and a row of thickened setae alongside the spur vein of the hind wing (Figs
|
||
<figureCitation id="62C2FFBD6FFB2CDD68A1954DF964986B" captionStart="Figure 5" captionStartId="F5" captionText="Figure 5. Electronoyesella antiqua gen. et sp. nov., holotype female A wings B forewing venation C hind wing venation (ls 1, 2 - lines of setae, spv - spur vein, pst - parastigma). Scale bars: 0.2 mm (A); 0.1 mm (B, C)." figureDoi="10.3897/jhr.94.94773.figure5" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/784451" pageId="0" pageNumber="105">5C</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="3036F2965E6F4763CC715E2A95ABB6C6" captionStart="Figure 6" captionStartId="F6" captionText="Figure 6. Electronoyesella antiqua gen. et sp. nov., holotype female A metasoma, part of mesosoma, posterodorsal (cers - cercal seta, hyp - hypopygium, osh - ovipositor sheaths, ost - ovipositor stylet, ptrg? - paratergite?, spr - spiracle, syn - syntergum, vr 2 - second valvifer) B metasoma, part of mesosoma, posterolateral (cer - cercus, fc - filamentous connection, muc - mucro, opo? - possible, outer plate of the ovipositor, spv - hyaline spur vein; osh (v 3) - ovipositor sheaths)." figureDoi="10.3897/jhr.94.94773.figure6" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/784452" pageId="0" pageNumber="105">6B</figureCitation>
|
||
: spv). Such a row of setae is also absent in the middle Eocene encyrtids from the Sakhalinian amber.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |