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<mods:title id="FFB998DC3935B690832474082955E408">The fossil land and freshwater snails of Gündlkofen (Middle Miocene, Germany)</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="A8594FC2FAE3337CB1AE535268041BD9">Salvador, Rodrigo B.</mods:namePart>
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<treatment id="D047E409B02A131DFF02039EFD9EBBB5" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6138830" ID-GBIF-Taxon="119421787" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6138830" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:D047E409B02A131DFF02039EFD9EBBB5" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/D047E409B02A131DFF02039EFD9EBBB5" lastPageNumber="277" pageId="6" pageNumber="277">
<subSubSection id="10F40694B02A131DFF02039EFED7B8CB" pageId="6" pageNumber="277" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="5851551FB02A131DFF02039EFDD4B8AA" blockId="6.[151,558,151,211]" box="[151,558,151,178]" pageId="6" pageNumber="277">
<heading id="0319E273B02A131DFF02039EFDD4B8AA" bold="true" box="[151,558,151,178]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="6" pageNumber="277" reason="1">
<taxonomicName id="9FEE2E9CB02A131DFF02039EFDD4B8AA" ID-CoL="2f95c3bd-57ab-440a-a85f-d350abc72171" authority="Deshayes, 1851" authorityName="Deshayes" authorityYear="1851" box="[151,558,151,178]" class="Gastropoda" family="Helicidae" genus="Cepaea" kingdom="Animalia" order="Stylommatophora" pageId="6" pageNumber="277" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="eversa">
<emphasis id="6A9A890DB02A131DFF02039EFDD4B8AA" bold="true" box="[151,558,151,178]" pageId="6" pageNumber="277">
<emphasis id="6A9A890DB02A131DFF02039EFF0BB8A9" bold="true" box="[151,241,151,177]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="277">Cepaea</emphasis>
cf.
<emphasis id="6A9A890DB02A131DFE88039EFE90B8A9" bold="true" box="[285,362,151,177]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="277">eversa</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="3C7F28EEB02A131DFEE40391FDD4B8AA" author="Deshayes" box="[369,558,152,178]" pageId="6" pageNumber="277" refString="Deshayes, G. P. (1851) Helix eversa. In: Ferussac, A. E. J. P. J. F. d'A. de &amp; Deshayes, G. P. (Eds.), (1819 - 1851) Histoire naturelle generale et particuliere des mollusques terrestres et fluviatiles, tant des especes que l'on trouve aujourd'hui vivantes, que des depouilles fossiles de celles qui n'existent plus; classes d'apres les caracteres essentiels que presentent ces animaux et leurs coquilles. Vol. 1. J. B. Bailliere, Paris, pp. 395 - 396." type="book chapter" year="1851">Deshayes, 1851</bibRefCitation>
</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="5851551FB02A131DFF0203B3FED7B8CB" blockId="6.[151,558,151,211]" box="[151,301,186,211]" pageId="6" pageNumber="277">
(
<figureCitation id="C0D5499AB02A131DFF0A03B3FEDCB8CB" box="[159,294,186,211]" captionStart="FIGURES 15 16" captionStartId="12.[151,264,1765,1788]" captionText="FIGURES 15 16. Cepaea cf. eversa (BSPG 1952 XVIII 8; H = 20.3 mm; D = 27.4 mm; h = 10.3 mm; d = 14.3 mm). FIGURES 17 18. Cepaea cf. sylvestrina (BSPG 1952 XVIII 49; H = 16.4 mm; D = 25.2 mm; h = 9.1 mm; d = 13.5 mm). FIGURES 19 20. Tropidomphalus cf. incrassatus (BSPG 1952 XVIII 5; H = 14.1 mm; D = 28.8 mm; h = 11.7 mm; d = 17.7 mm)." pageId="6" pageNumber="277">Figs. 1516</figureCitation>
)
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="10F40694B02A131DFF02020BFD38B98B" pageId="6" pageNumber="277" type="reference_group">
<paragraph id="5851551FB02A131DFF02020BFDCFB92F" blockId="6.[151,706,258,403]" pageId="6" pageNumber="277">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="78FE7231B02A131DFF02020BFDCFB92F" pageId="6" pageNumber="277">
<taxonomicName id="9FEE2E9CB02A131DFF02020BFE0AB900" ID-CoL="1d10a1d2-ec28-421f-b910-c2d3ac7d8698" authority="Deshayes, 1851: 395" authorityName="Deshayes" authorityPageNumber="395" authorityYear="1851" box="[151,496,258,280]" class="Gastropoda" family="Helicidae" genus="Helix" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Stylommatophora" pageId="6" pageNumber="277" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="eversa">
<emphasis id="6A9A890DB02A131DFF02020BFEECB900" box="[151,278,258,280]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="277">Helix eversa</emphasis>
<treatmentCitation id="D94F730EB02A131DFE89020BFE0AB900" author="Deshayes" box="[284,496,258,280]" page="395" pageId="6" pageNumber="277" year="1851">
<bibRefCitation id="3C7F28EEB02A131DFE89020BFE3AB900" author="Deshayes" box="[284,448,258,280]" pageId="6" pageNumber="277" refString="Deshayes, G. P. (1851) Helix eversa. In: Ferussac, A. E. J. P. J. F. d'A. de &amp; Deshayes, G. P. (Eds.), (1819 - 1851) Histoire naturelle generale et particuliere des mollusques terrestres et fluviatiles, tant des especes que l'on trouve aujourd'hui vivantes, que des depouilles fossiles de celles qui n'existent plus; classes d'apres les caracteres essentiels que presentent ces animaux et leurs coquilles. Vol. 1. J. B. Bailliere, Paris, pp. 395 - 396." type="book chapter" year="1851">Deshayes, 1851</bibRefCitation>
: 395
</treatmentCitation>
</taxonomicName>
(pl. 1, figs. 57).
<taxonomicName id="9FEE2E9CB02A131DFF02022BFDCBB92F" authority="Wenz, 1923: 617" authorityName="Wenz" authorityPageNumber="617" authorityYear="1923" box="[151,561,289,311]" class="Gastropoda" family="Helicidae" genus="Cepaea" kingdom="Animalia" order="Stylommatophora" pageId="6" pageNumber="277" phylum="Mollusca" rank="subSpecies" species="eversa" subSpecies="eversa">
<emphasis id="6A9A890DB02A131DFF02022BFE8FB92F" box="[151,373,290,311]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="277">Cepaea eversa eversa</emphasis>
:
<treatmentCitation id="D94F730EB02A131DFE17022BFDCBB92F" author="Wenz" box="[386,561,289,311]" page="617" pageId="6" pageNumber="277" year="1923">
<bibRefCitation id="3C7F28EEB02A131DFE17022BFE04B92F" author="Wenz" box="[386,510,289,311]" pageId="6" pageNumber="277" refString="Wenz, W. (1923) Gastropoda extramarina tertiaria I, II, III, VI. In: Diener, C. (Ed.), Fossilium Catalogus I: Animalia. W. Junk, Berlin, pp. 1 - 352, 353 - 736, 737 - 1068, 1735 - 1862." type="book chapter" year="1923">Wenz, 1923</bibRefCitation>
: 617
</treatmentCitation>
</taxonomicName>
.
</treatmentCitationGroup>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="5851551FB02A131DFF020248FDEDB94E" blockId="6.[151,706,258,403]" box="[151,535,320,342]" pageId="6" pageNumber="277">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="78FE7231B02A131DFF020248FDEDB94E" box="[151,535,320,342]" pageId="6" pageNumber="277">
<taxonomicName id="9FEE2E9CB02A131DFF020248FDE8B94E" authority="Gall, 1980: 60" authorityName="Gall" authorityPageNumber="60" authorityYear="1980" box="[151,530,320,342]" class="Gastropoda" family="Helicidae" genus="Cepaea" kingdom="Animalia" order="Stylommatophora" pageId="6" pageNumber="277" phylum="Mollusca" rank="subSpecies" species="eversa" subSpecies="larteti">
<emphasis id="6A9A890DB02A131DFF020248FE8BB94E" box="[151,369,320,342]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="277">Cepaea eversa larteti</emphasis>
:
<treatmentCitation id="D94F730EB02A131DFEEB0249FDE8B94E" author="Gall" box="[382,530,320,342]" page="60" pageId="6" pageNumber="277" year="1980">
<bibRefCitation id="3C7F28EEB02A131DFEEB0249FE16B94E" author="Gall" box="[382,492,320,342]" pageId="6" pageNumber="277" refString="Gall, H. (1980) Eine Gastropodenfauna aus dem Landshuter Schotter der Oberen Sußwassermolasse (Westliche Paratethys, Badenien) von Gundlkofen / Niederbayern. Mitteilungen der Bayerischen Staatssammlung fur Palaontologie und historische Geologie, 20, 51 - 77." type="journal article" year="1980">Gall, 1980</bibRefCitation>
: 60
</treatmentCitation>
</taxonomicName>
.
</treatmentCitationGroup>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="5851551FB02A131DFF020256FDD0B96C" blockId="6.[151,706,258,403]" box="[151,554,350,373]" pageId="6" pageNumber="277">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="78FE7231B02A131DFF020256FDD0B96C" box="[151,554,350,373]" pageId="6" pageNumber="277">
<taxonomicName id="9FEE2E9CB02A131DFF020256FDDCB96C" ID-CoL="2f95c3bd-57ab-440a-a85f-d350abc72171" authority="Hir &amp; Kokay, 2004: 89" authorityName="Hir &amp; Kokay" authorityPageNumber="89" authorityYear="2004" box="[151,550,350,373]" class="Gastropoda" family="Helicidae" genus="Cepaea" kingdom="Animalia" order="Stylommatophora" pageId="6" pageNumber="277" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="eversa">
<emphasis id="6A9A890DB02A131DFF020256FED7B96D" box="[151,301,351,373]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="277">Cepaea eversa</emphasis>
:
<treatmentCitation id="D94F730EB02A131DFEAF0257FDDCB96C" author="Hir" box="[314,550,350,372]" page="89" pageId="6" pageNumber="277" year="2004">
<bibRefCitation id="3C7F28EEB02A131DFEAF0257FDFAB96C" author="Hir" box="[314,512,350,372]" pageId="6" pageNumber="277" refString="Hir, J. &amp; Kokay, J. (2004) Middle Miocene molluscs and rodents from Matraszolos (Matra Mountains, Hungary). Fragmenta Palaeontologica Hungarica, 22, 83 - 97." type="journal article" year="2004">Hír &amp; Kókay, 2004</bibRefCitation>
: 89
</treatmentCitation>
</taxonomicName>
.
</treatmentCitationGroup>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="5851551FB02A131DFF020277FD38B98B" blockId="6.[151,706,258,403]" box="[151,706,381,403]" pageId="6" pageNumber="277">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="78FE7231B02A131DFF020277FD38B98B" box="[151,706,381,403]" pageId="6" pageNumber="277">
<taxonomicName id="9FEE2E9CB02A131DFF020277FEB7B98B" ID-CoL="2f95c3bd-57ab-440a-a85f-d350abc72171" box="[151,333,381,403]" class="Gastropoda" family="Helicidae" genus="Cepaea" kingdom="Animalia" order="Stylommatophora" pageId="6" pageNumber="277" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="eversa">
<emphasis id="6A9A890DB02A131DFF020277FF1EB98B" box="[151,228,382,403]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="277">Cepaea</emphasis>
cf.
<emphasis id="6A9A890DB02A131DFE9E0277FEB7B98B" box="[267,333,382,403]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="277">eversa</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
:
<treatmentCitation id="D94F730EB02A131DFECF0274FDC8B98B" author="Salvador" box="[346,562,381,403]" page="162" pageId="6" pageNumber="277" year="2013">
<bibRefCitation id="3C7F28EEB02A131DFECF0274FDF9B98B" author="Salvador" box="[346,515,381,403]" pageId="6" pageNumber="277" refString="Salvador, R. B. (2013 b) The fossil pulmonate snails of Sandelzhausen (Early / Middle Miocene, Germany): Succineidae, Testacelloidea and Helicoidea. Zootaxa, 3721 (2), 157 - 171. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.11646 / zootaxa. 3721.2.3" type="journal article" year="2013" yearSuffix="b">
<collectingCountry id="20F9158FB02A131DFECF0274FE4CB98B" box="[346,438,381,403]" name="El Salvador" pageId="6" pageNumber="277">Salvador</collectingCountry>
, 2013b
</bibRefCitation>
: 162
</treatmentCitation>
(figs. 1013).
</treatmentCitationGroup>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="10F40694B02A131DFF0202B6FD11B9C0" box="[151,747,447,472]" pageId="6" pageNumber="277" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="5851551FB02A131DFF0202B6FD11B9C0" blockId="6.[151,1437,447,941]" box="[151,747,447,472]" pageId="6" pageNumber="277">
<emphasis id="6A9A890DB02A131DFF0202B6FE7AB9C0" bold="true" box="[151,384,447,472]" pageId="6" pageNumber="277">Material examined.</emphasis>
<collectionCode id="3EFFCDDAB02A131DFE1202C9FE37B9C0" box="[391,461,448,472]" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/r9n2-w98n" name="Bayerische Staatssammlung fuer Palaeontologie und Geologie" pageId="6" pageNumber="277">BSPG</collectionCode>
1952 XVIII 8 (19 spcm.)
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="10F40694B02A131DFF5202EDFC79BA70" pageId="6" pageNumber="277" type="description">
<paragraph id="5851551FB02A131DFF5202EDFC79BA70" blockId="6.[151,1437,447,941]" pageId="6" pageNumber="277">
<emphasis id="6A9A890DB02A131DFF5202EDFEA3B9E5" bold="true" box="[199,345,484,509]" pageId="6" pageNumber="277">Description.</emphasis>
Shell large, 4½ to 4¾ whorls. Protoconch flattened, smooth; transition to teleoconch unclear. Teleoconch smooth, except for growth lines. Suture well-marked. Whorl profile flat on first whorls. Body whorl rounded, slightly bent downwards near aperture. Aperture prosocline, rounded. Peristome reflexed; slightly thickened on basal and columellar regions. Umbilicus imperforate.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="10F40694B02A131DFF52017DFB27BA95" box="[199,1245,628,653]" pageId="6" pageNumber="277" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="5851551FB02A131DFF52017DFB27BA95" blockId="6.[151,1437,447,941]" box="[199,1245,628,653]" pageId="6" pageNumber="277">
<emphasis id="6A9A890DB02A131DFF52017DFD68BA95" bold="true" box="[199,658,628,653]" pageId="6" pageNumber="277">Previous identification of the material.</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="3C7F28EEB02A131DFD0C017DFC89BA95" author="Gall" box="[665,883,628,653]" pageId="6" pageNumber="277" refString="Gall, H. (1980) Eine Gastropodenfauna aus dem Landshuter Schotter der Oberen Sußwassermolasse (Westliche Paratethys, Badenien) von Gundlkofen / Niederbayern. Mitteilungen der Bayerischen Staatssammlung fur Palaontologie und historische Geologie, 20, 51 - 77." type="journal article" year="1980">Gall (1980: Nr. 15)</bibRefCitation>
:
<taxonomicName id="9FEE2E9CB02A131DFCEB017CFB23BA95" authority="Boissy" authorityName="Boissy" box="[894,1241,628,653]" class="Gastropoda" family="Helicidae" genus="Cepaea" kingdom="Animalia" order="Stylommatophora" pageId="6" pageNumber="277" phylum="Mollusca" rank="subSpecies" species="eversa" subSpecies="larteti">
<emphasis id="6A9A890DB02A131DFCEB017CFB95BA95" box="[894,1135,628,653]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="277">Cepaea eversa larteti</emphasis>
(Boissy)
</taxonomicName>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="10F40694B02A131DFF52019EFD9EBBB5" pageId="6" pageNumber="277" type="discussion">
<paragraph id="5851551FB02A131DFF52019EFAA3BB7C" blockId="6.[151,1437,447,941]" pageId="6" pageNumber="277">
<emphasis id="6A9A890DB02A131DFF52019EFEB6BAA8" bold="true" box="[199,332,663,688]" pageId="6" pageNumber="277">Discussion.</emphasis>
The present specimens from Sandelzhausen compare reasonably well with
<taxonomicName id="9FEE2E9CB02A131DFB390191FAE2BAA8" box="[1196,1304,664,688]" class="Gastropoda" family="Helicidae" genus="Cepaea" kingdom="Animalia" order="Stylommatophora" pageId="6" pageNumber="277" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="eversa">
<emphasis id="6A9A890DB02A131DFB390191FAE2BAA8" box="[1196,1304,664,688]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="277">C. eversa</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and can be differentiated from the specimens of
<taxonomicName id="9FEE2E9CB02A131DFDD501B4FC71BACD" authority="Schlotheim" authorityName="Schlotheim" box="[576,907,700,725]" class="Gastropoda" family="Helicidae" genus="Cepaea" kingdom="Animalia" order="Stylommatophora" pageId="6" pageNumber="277" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="sylvestrina">
<emphasis id="6A9A890DB02A131DFDD501B4FDA0BACC" box="[576,602,701,724]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="277">C.</emphasis>
cf.
<emphasis id="6A9A890DB02A131DFD1C01B5FCF8BACD" box="[649,770,700,725]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="277">sylvestrina</emphasis>
Schlotheim
</taxonomicName>
(see below) by a larger size, a higher spire, a rounder aperture and one quarter to one half additional whorl. Nevertheless, the specimens of
<taxonomicName id="9FEE2E9CB02A131DFB7901E9FAA0BAE0" box="[1260,1370,736,760]" class="Gastropoda" family="Helicidae" genus="Cepaea" kingdom="Animalia" order="Stylommatophora" pageId="6" pageNumber="277" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="eversa">
<emphasis id="6A9A890DB02A131DFB7901E9FAA0BAE0" box="[1260,1370,736,760]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="277">C. eversa</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
from Gündlkofen are always larger, also with half whorl more, than typical specimens. Nevertheless, as common in the genus,
<taxonomicName id="9FEE2E9CB02A131DFF7F0021FEADBB58" box="[234,343,808,832]" class="Gastropoda" family="Helicidae" genus="Cepaea" kingdom="Animalia" order="Stylommatophora" pageId="6" pageNumber="277" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="eversa">
<emphasis id="6A9A890DB02A131DFF7F0021FEADBB58" box="[234,343,808,832]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="277">C. eversa</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
seems to be a very variable species regarding shell morphology (
<bibRefCitation id="3C7F28EEB02A131DFBC90021FABABB58" author="Hir" box="[1116,1344,807,832]" pageId="6" pageNumber="277" refString="Hir, J. &amp; Kokay, J. (2004) Middle Miocene molluscs and rodents from Matraszolos (Matra Mountains, Hungary). Fragmenta Palaeontologica Hungarica, 22, 83 - 97." type="journal article" year="2004">Hír &amp; Kókay 2004</bibRefCitation>
). It is a frequent species in Middle Miocene (MN 57) deposits of Central and Western Europe (
<bibRefCitation id="3C7F28EEB02A131DFBE10045FAB7BB7C" author="Hir" box="[1140,1357,844,869]" pageId="6" pageNumber="277" refString="Hir, J. &amp; Kokay, J. (2004) Middle Miocene molluscs and rodents from Matraszolos (Matra Mountains, Hungary). Fragmenta Palaeontologica Hungarica, 22, 83 - 97." type="journal article" year="2004">Hír &amp; Kókay 2004</bibRefCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="5851551FB02A131DFF520066FD9EBBB5" blockId="6.[151,1437,447,941]" pageId="6" pageNumber="277">
<emphasis id="6A9A890DB02A131DFF520066FE09BB90" bold="true" box="[199,499,879,904]" pageId="6" pageNumber="277">Paleoecological remarks.</emphasis>
Recent
<taxonomicName id="9FEE2E9CB02A131DFDC00079FD50BB9F" box="[597,682,880,903]" class="Gastropoda" family="Helicidae" genus="Cepaea" kingdom="Animalia" order="Stylommatophora" pageId="6" pageNumber="277" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="6A9A890DB02A131DFDC00079FD50BB9F" box="[597,682,880,903]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="277">Cepaea</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
have too broad a range of habitats (
<bibRefCitation id="3C7F28EEB02A131DFBC20066FAB5BB90" author="Welter-Schultes" box="[1111,1359,879,904]" pageId="6" pageNumber="277" refString="Welter-Schultes, F. (2012) European Non-marine Molluscs, a Guide for Species Identification. Planet Poster Editions, Gottingen, 679 + 78 pp." type="book" year="2012">Welter-Schultes 2012</bibRefCitation>
) to be useful for a paleoenvironmental analysis.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>