353 lines
31 KiB
XML
353 lines
31 KiB
XML
<document ID-DOI="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.898.46465" ID-GBIF-Dataset="4c647ed2-eacc-4651-8be2-4e96182a995a" ID-PMC="PMC6926426" ID-Pensoft-Pub="1313-2970-898-83" ID-Pensoft-UUID="A8C1E3B7F0A6517B9C01D45772231286" ID-PubMed="31875088" ID-ZooBank="E9639F08370640CF87BCA3E8D4933AB4" ModsDocID="1313-2970-898-83" checkinTime="1575997094558" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Kaminski, Marcin J., Kanda, Kojun & Smith, Aaron D." docDate="2019" docId="D03756F121D95C3AA874E88943BD80BE" docLanguage="en" docName="ZooKeys 898: 83-102" docOrigin="ZooKeys 898" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.898.46465" docTitle="Machleida Fahraeus 1870" docType="treatment" docVersion="4" id="A8C1E3B7F0A6517B9C01D45772231286" lastPageNumber="83" masterDocId="A8C1E3B7F0A6517B9C01D45772231286" masterDocTitle="Taxonomic revision of the genus Machleida Fahraeus, 1870 (Tenebrionidae, Pimeliinae, Asidini)" masterLastPageNumber="102" masterPageNumber="83" pageNumber="83" updateTime="1668168227144" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:mods xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>Taxonomic revision of the genus Machleida Fahraeus, 1870 (Tenebrionidae, Pimeliinae, Asidini)</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Kaminski, Marcin J.</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Kanda, Kojun</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Smith, Aaron D.</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:typeOfResource>text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:relatedItem type="host">
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>ZooKeys</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:part>
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<mods:date>2019</mods:date>
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<mods:detail type="volume">
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<mods:number>898</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:extent unit="page">
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<mods:start>83</mods:start>
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<mods:end>102</mods:end>
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</mods:extent>
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</mods:part>
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</mods:relatedItem>
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<mods:location>
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<mods:url>http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.898.46465</mods:url>
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</mods:location>
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<mods:classification>journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier type="DOI">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.898.46465</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="Pensoft-Pub">1313-2970-898-83</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="ZooBank">E9639F08370640CF87BCA3E8D4933AB4</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="Pensoft-UUID">A8C1E3B7F0A6517B9C01D45772231286</mods:identifier>
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</mods:mods>
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<treatment ID-GBIF-Taxon="160689334" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:D03756F121D95C3AA874E88943BD80BE" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/D03756F121D95C3AA874E88943BD80BE" lastPageNumber="83" pageId="0" pageNumber="83">
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="83" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="83">
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Genus
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<taxonomicName LSID="D03756F1-21D9-5C3A-A874-E88943BD80BE" authority="Fahraeus, 1870" authorityName="Fahraeus" authorityYear="1870" class="Insecta" family="Tenebrionidae" genus="Machleida" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Machleida" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="83" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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Machleida
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<normalizedToken originalValue="Fåhraeus">Fahraeus</normalizedToken>
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, 1870
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</taxonomicName>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="83" type="reference_group">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="83">
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<taxonomicName authority="Fahraeus, 1870: 256" class="Insecta" family="Tenebrionidae" genus="Machleida" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Machleida" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="83" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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Machleida
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<normalizedToken originalValue="Fåhraeus">Fahraeus</normalizedToken>
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, 1870: 256
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</taxonomicName>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="83">
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=
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Tenebrionidae" genus="Machloida" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Machloida" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="83" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Machloida</taxonomicName>
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Rye, 1873: 286. Type species:
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Tenebrionidae" genus="Machleida" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Machleida nodulosa" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="83" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="nodulosa">Machleida nodulosa</taxonomicName>
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<normalizedToken originalValue="Fåhraeus">Fahraeus</normalizedToken>
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, 1870, by monotypy. Note. Unjustified emendation of
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Tenebrionidae" genus="Machleida" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Machleida" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="83" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Machleida</taxonomicName>
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<normalizedToken originalValue="Fåhraeus">Fahraeus</normalizedToken>
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, 1870, not in prevailing usage.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="83" type="type species">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="83">Type species.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="83">
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Tenebrionidae" genus="Machleida" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Machleida nodulosa" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="83" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="nodulosa">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="83">Machleida nodulosa</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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<normalizedToken originalValue="Fåhraeus">Fahraeus</normalizedToken>
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, 1870; by monotypy.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="83" type="revised diagnosis">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="83">Revised diagnosis.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="83">
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Exclusion of
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Tenebrionidae" genus="Asida" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Asida lecta" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="83" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="lecta">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="83">Asida lecta</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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Peringuey, 1899,
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Tenebrionidae" genus="Machleida" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Machleida nossibiana" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="83" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="nossibiana">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="83">Machleida nossibiana</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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Fairmaire, 1897, and
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Tenebrionidae" genus="Machleida" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Machleida tuberosa" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="83" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="tuberosa">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="83">Machleida tuberosa</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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Wilke, 1925 (see below) from
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Tenebrionidae" genus="Machleida" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Machleida" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="83" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="83">Machleida</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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increased the morphological consistency of the genus. As a result, some of the previously listed diagnostic characters needed to be revised (e.g., sculpture of pronotum). Additionally, the present investigation reveals that some of the characters proposed by
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<bibRefCitation author="Koch, C" journalOrPublisher="Zoomorphology" pageId="0" pageNumber="83" refId="B9" refString="Koch, C, 1962. Analysis of the Madagascan components of the subfamily Tentyriinae (Tenebrionidae, Coleoptera) with revisions of the generic systematics of the Asidini from Africa south of the Sahara and the African, Asiatic and Palaearctic Epitragina of Tentyriini. Memoires de l'Institut Scientifique de Madagascar, Serie E 13: 1-145 + 3 pls + 1 map." title="Analysis of the Madagascan components of the subfamily Tentyriinae (Tenebrionidae, Coleoptera) with revisions of the generic systematics of the Asidini from Africa south of the Sahara and the African, Asiatic and Palaearctic Epitragina of Tentyriini. Memoires de l'Institut Scientifique de Madagascar, Serie E 13: 1 - 145 + 3 pls + 1 map." year="1962">Koch (1962)</bibRefCitation>
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are too variable within Afrotropical
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<taxonomicName lsidName="" pageId="0" pageNumber="83" rank="tribe" tribe="Asidini">Asidini</taxonomicName>
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to be sustained as diagnostic for
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Tenebrionidae" genus="Machleida" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Machleida" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="83" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="83">Machleida</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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. A revised diagnosis is presented below.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="83">
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The representatives of this genus can be distinguished from other Afrotropical
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<taxonomicName lsidName="" pageId="0" pageNumber="83" rank="tribe" tribe="Asidini">Asidini</taxonomicName>
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by the following combination of characters: antenna appearing as 10-segmented, with antennomeres 10 and 11 of equal in width (
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 1" captionStartId="F1" captionText="Figure 1. Selected diagnostic characters proposed for Machleida and its species. A, B Pronotal disc with specific surface modifications C ventral aspect of postoral regions D antenna E, F dorsal aspect of head. Illustrated species: A, D Machleida zofiae B M. nodulosa C M. tarskii E M. devia F M. flagstaffensis." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.898.46465.figure1" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/363751" pageId="0" pageNumber="83" tableDoi="10.3897/zookeys.898.46465.figure1">Fig. 1D</figureCitation>
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); mentum reduced basally, not fully filling buccal cavity (
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 1" captionStartId="F1" captionText="Figure 1. Selected diagnostic characters proposed for Machleida and its species. A, B Pronotal disc with specific surface modifications C ventral aspect of postoral regions D antenna E, F dorsal aspect of head. Illustrated species: A, D Machleida zofiae B M. nodulosa C M. tarskii E M. devia F M. flagstaffensis." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.898.46465.figure1" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/363751" pageId="0" pageNumber="83" tableDoi="10.3897/zookeys.898.46465.figure1">Fig. 1C</figureCitation>
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); pronotal disc with large primary sculpturing consisting of two median carinae merged in the middle (
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 1" captionStartId="F1" captionText="Figure 1. Selected diagnostic characters proposed for Machleida and its species. A, B Pronotal disc with specific surface modifications C ventral aspect of postoral regions D antenna E, F dorsal aspect of head. Illustrated species: A, D Machleida zofiae B M. nodulosa C M. tarskii E M. devia F M. flagstaffensis." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.898.46465.figure1" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/363751" pageId="0" pageNumber="83" tableDoi="10.3897/zookeys.898.46465.figure1">Fig. 1B</figureCitation>
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), carinae not merging in
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<taxonomicName lsidName="M. zofiae" pageId="0" pageNumber="83" rank="species" species="zofiae">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="83">M. zofiae</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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<normalizedToken originalValue="Kamiński">Kaminski</normalizedToken>
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sp. nov. (
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 1" captionStartId="F1" captionText="Figure 1. Selected diagnostic characters proposed for Machleida and its species. A, B Pronotal disc with specific surface modifications C ventral aspect of postoral regions D antenna E, F dorsal aspect of head. Illustrated species: A, D Machleida zofiae B M. nodulosa C M. tarskii E M. devia F M. flagstaffensis." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.898.46465.figure1" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/363751" pageId="0" pageNumber="83" tableDoi="10.3897/zookeys.898.46465.figure1">Fig. 1A</figureCitation>
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); hypomeron with shallow, posteriorly abbreviated antennal sulcus; elytra with large tubercles (
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="F2" captionText="Figure 2. Habitus images of the studied species. A Machleida banachi B M. devia C M. flagstaffensis D M. nodulosa E M. tarskii F M. zofiae." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.898.46465.figure2" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/363752" pageId="0" pageNumber="83" tableDoi="10.3897/zookeys.898.46465.figure2">Fig. 2</figureCitation>
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); and expanded epipleura (sometimes fully fused with the neighbouring part of elytra) (
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="F3" captionText="Figure 3. Morphological details of selected Machleida species. A, B Lateral aspect of elytron C scutellum and D, E elytral disc. Illustrated species: A Machleida tarskii B M. banachi C M. zofiae D M. devia E M. nodulosa." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.898.46465.figure3" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/363753" pageId="0" pageNumber="83" tableDoi="10.3897/zookeys.898.46465.figure3">Fig. 3A, B</figureCitation>
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). Moreover, all
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Tenebrionidae" genus="Machleida" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Machleida" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="83" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="83">Machleida</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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species shares a peculiar structure of mesoprescutum, i.e. base deeply emarginate (
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="F3" captionText="Figure 3. Morphological details of selected Machleida species. A, B Lateral aspect of elytron C scutellum and D, E elytral disc. Illustrated species: A Machleida tarskii B M. banachi C M. zofiae D M. devia E M. nodulosa." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.898.46465.figure3" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/363753" pageId="0" pageNumber="83" tableDoi="10.3897/zookeys.898.46465.figure3">Fig. 3C</figureCitation>
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).
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="83" type="species composition (6)">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="83">Species composition (6).</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="83">
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<taxonomicName lsidName="M. banachi" pageId="0" pageNumber="83" rank="species" species="banachi">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="83">M. banachi</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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sp. nov.;
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<taxonomicName lsidName="devia" pageId="0" pageNumber="83" rank="species" species="devia">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="83">devia</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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(
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<normalizedToken originalValue="Péringuey">Peringuey</normalizedToken>
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, 1899);
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<taxonomicName lsidName="flagstaffensis" pageId="0" pageNumber="83" rank="species" species="flagstaffensis">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="83">flagstaffensis</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="83">sp. nov.</emphasis>
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;
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<taxonomicName lsidName="nodulosa" pageId="0" pageNumber="83" rank="species" species="nodulosa">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="83">nodulosa</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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<normalizedToken originalValue="Fåhraeus">Fahraeus</normalizedToken>
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, 1870;
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<taxonomicName lsidName="tarskii" pageId="0" pageNumber="83" rank="species" species="tarskii">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="83">tarskii</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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sp. nov.;
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<taxonomicName lsidName="zofiae" pageId="0" pageNumber="83" rank="species" species="zofiae">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="83">zofiae</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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<normalizedToken originalValue="Kamiński">Kaminski</normalizedToken>
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sp. nov.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="83" type="excluded species (lecta, nossibiana, tuberosa)">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="83">
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Excluded species (
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<taxonomicName lsidName="lecta" pageId="0" pageNumber="83" rank="species" species="lecta">lecta</taxonomicName>
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,
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<taxonomicName lsidName="nossibiana" pageId="0" pageNumber="83" rank="species" species="nossibiana">nossibiana</taxonomicName>
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,
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<taxonomicName lsidName="tuberosa" pageId="0" pageNumber="83" rank="species" species="tuberosa">tuberosa</taxonomicName>
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).
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="83">
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These species are hereby excluded from
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Tenebrionidae" genus="Machleida" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Machleida" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="83" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="83">Machleida</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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based on differences in the structure of the mentum (fully filling buccal cavity), prosternal process (base straight in lateral view, process not convex), and pronotum (disc only basally with median carinae, lateral tubercles absent).
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Tenebrionidae" genus="Asida" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Asida lecta" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="83" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="lecta">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="83">Asida lecta</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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<normalizedToken originalValue="Péringuey">Peringuey</normalizedToken>
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, 1899 does not fall within the newly formulated concept of
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Tenebrionidae" genus="Machleida" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Machleida" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="83" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="83">Machleida</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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. The aforementioned pronotal structure place this species within the subgenus
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<taxonomicName lsidName="(Archasida)" pageId="0" pageNumber="83" rank="subGenus" subGenus="Archasida">Archasida</taxonomicName>
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Wilke 1922 of
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Tenebrionidae" genus="Afrasida" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Afrasida" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="83" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="83">Afrasida</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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Wilke, 1925 (
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<bibRefCitation author="Koch, C" journalOrPublisher="Zoomorphology" pageId="0" pageNumber="83" refId="B9" refString="Koch, C, 1962. Analysis of the Madagascan components of the subfamily Tentyriinae (Tenebrionidae, Coleoptera) with revisions of the generic systematics of the Asidini from Africa south of the Sahara and the African, Asiatic and Palaearctic Epitragina of Tentyriini. Memoires de l'Institut Scientifique de Madagascar, Serie E 13: 1-145 + 3 pls + 1 map." title="Analysis of the Madagascan components of the subfamily Tentyriinae (Tenebrionidae, Coleoptera) with revisions of the generic systematics of the Asidini from Africa south of the Sahara and the African, Asiatic and Palaearctic Epitragina of Tentyriini. Memoires de l'Institut Scientifique de Madagascar, Serie E 13: 1 - 145 + 3 pls + 1 map." year="1962">Koch 1962</bibRefCitation>
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). As a result, the following new combination is proposed:
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Tenebrionidae" genus="Afrasida" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Afrasida" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="83" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="83">Afrasida</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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(
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="83">
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<taxonomicName lsidName="(Archasida)" pageId="0" pageNumber="83" rank="subGenus" subGenus="Archasida">Archasida</taxonomicName>
|
|
)
|
|
<taxonomicName lsidName="lecta" pageId="0" pageNumber="83" rank="species" species="lecta">lecta</taxonomicName>
|
|
</emphasis>
|
|
(
|
|
<normalizedToken originalValue="Péringuey">Peringuey</normalizedToken>
|
|
, 1899) comb. nov. A habitus photo of this species is presented in Appendix 2: Fig. S1A.
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="83">
|
|
Because of its Malagasy distribution, the taxonomic placement of
|
|
<taxonomicName lsidName="M. nossibiana" pageId="0" pageNumber="83" rank="species" species="nossibiana">
|
|
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="83">M. nossibiana</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
Fairmaire, 1897 within the South African
|
|
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Tenebrionidae" genus="Machleida" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Machleida" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="83" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
|
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="83">Machleida</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
was previously questioned by several authors (
|
|
<bibRefCitation author="Chatanay, J" journalOrPublisher="Insecta" pageId="0" pageNumber="83" pagination="1 - 13" refId="B3" refString="Chatanay, J, 1914. Nouveaux asidides de Madagascar. Insecta 4: 1 - 13" title="Nouveaux asidides de Madagascar." volume="4" year="1914">Chatanay 1914</bibRefCitation>
|
|
;
|
|
<bibRefCitation DOI="https://doi.org/10.1002/mmnd.192419240602" author="Wilke, S" journalOrPublisher="Deutsche Entomologische Zeitschrift" pageId="0" pageNumber="83" pagination="517 - 549" refId="B27" refString="Wilke, S, 1925. Dersudafrikanische Formenkreis der Asidinen (Col. Tenebr.). Deutsche Entomologische Zeitschrift 1924: 517 - 549" title="Dersudafrikanische Formenkreis der Asidinen (Col. Tenebr.)." url="https://doi.org/10.1002/mmnd.192419240602" volume="1924" year="1925">Wilke 1925</bibRefCitation>
|
|
;
|
|
<bibRefCitation author="Gebien, H" journalOrPublisher="Pubblicazioni del Museo Entomologico " Pietro Rossi " Duino" pageId="0" pageNumber="83" pagination="505 - 883" refId="B7" refString="Gebien, H, 1937. Katalog der Tenebrioniden (Col. Heteromera). Teil I. Pubblicazioni del Museo Entomologico "Pietro Rossi" Duino 2: 505 - 883" title="Katalog der Tenebrioniden (Col. Heteromera). Teil I." volume="2" year="1937">Gebien 1937</bibRefCitation>
|
|
). However, based on a single non-typical specimen,
|
|
<bibRefCitation author="Koch, C" journalOrPublisher="Zoomorphology" pageId="0" pageNumber="83" refId="B9" refString="Koch, C, 1962. Analysis of the Madagascan components of the subfamily Tentyriinae (Tenebrionidae, Coleoptera) with revisions of the generic systematics of the Asidini from Africa south of the Sahara and the African, Asiatic and Palaearctic Epitragina of Tentyriini. Memoires de l'Institut Scientifique de Madagascar, Serie E 13: 1-145 + 3 pls + 1 map." title="Analysis of the Madagascan components of the subfamily Tentyriinae (Tenebrionidae, Coleoptera) with revisions of the generic systematics of the Asidini from Africa south of the Sahara and the African, Asiatic and Palaearctic Epitragina of Tentyriini. Memoires de l'Institut Scientifique de Madagascar, Serie E 13: 1 - 145 + 3 pls + 1 map." year="1962">Koch (1962)</bibRefCitation>
|
|
tried to provide some morphological support for this taxonomic hypothesis. According to his view
|
|
<taxonomicName lsidName="M. nossibiana" pageId="0" pageNumber="83" rank="species" species="nossibiana">
|
|
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="83">M. nossibiana</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
generally resembles species of
|
|
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Tenebrionidae" genus="Machleida" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Machleida" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="83" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
|
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="83">Machleida</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
and can be separated from other Malagasy
|
|
<taxonomicName lsidName="" pageId="0" pageNumber="83" rank="tribe" tribe="Asidini">Asidini</taxonomicName>
|
|
by the non-soleate underside of the tarsi. In his diagnosis he compared this species to
|
|
<taxonomicName lsidName="M. nodulosa" pageId="0" pageNumber="83" rank="species" species="nodulosa">
|
|
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="83">M. nodulosa</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
and highlighted two main morphological differences: antennae robust in
|
|
<taxonomicName lsidName="M. nossibiana" pageId="0" pageNumber="83" rank="species" species="nossibiana">
|
|
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="83">M. nossibiana</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
, slender in
|
|
<taxonomicName lsidName="M. nodulosa" pageId="0" pageNumber="83" rank="species" species="nodulosa">
|
|
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="83">M. nodulosa</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
; and prosternal process broad in
|
|
<taxonomicName lsidName="M. nossibiana" pageId="0" pageNumber="83" rank="species" species="nossibiana">
|
|
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="83">M. nossibiana</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
, narrow in
|
|
<taxonomicName lsidName="M. nodulosa" pageId="0" pageNumber="83" rank="species" species="nodulosa">
|
|
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="83">M. nodulosa</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
. The current reinvestigation of the type material of
|
|
<taxonomicName lsidName="M. nossibiana" pageId="0" pageNumber="83" rank="species" species="nossibiana">
|
|
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="83">M. nossibiana</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
(Appendix 2: Fig. S1B) revealed a high morphological resemblance of this species to representatives of the genus
|
|
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Tenebrionidae" genus="Scotinesthes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Scotinesthes" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="83" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
|
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="83">Scotinesthes</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
Fairmaire, 1895 (
|
|
<bibRefCitation author="Koch, C" journalOrPublisher="Zoomorphology" pageId="0" pageNumber="83" refId="B9" refString="Koch, C, 1962. Analysis of the Madagascan components of the subfamily Tentyriinae (Tenebrionidae, Coleoptera) with revisions of the generic systematics of the Asidini from Africa south of the Sahara and the African, Asiatic and Palaearctic Epitragina of Tentyriini. Memoires de l'Institut Scientifique de Madagascar, Serie E 13: 1-145 + 3 pls + 1 map." title="Analysis of the Madagascan components of the subfamily Tentyriinae (Tenebrionidae, Coleoptera) with revisions of the generic systematics of the Asidini from Africa south of the Sahara and the African, Asiatic and Palaearctic Epitragina of Tentyriini. Memoires de l'Institut Scientifique de Madagascar, Serie E 13: 1 - 145 + 3 pls + 1 map." year="1962">Koch 1962</bibRefCitation>
|
|
). Namely, the aforementioned characters used by Koch to separate
|
|
<taxonomicName lsidName="M. nossibiana" pageId="0" pageNumber="83" rank="species" species="nossibiana">
|
|
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="83">M. nossibiana</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
from
|
|
<taxonomicName lsidName="M. nodulosa" pageId="0" pageNumber="83" rank="species" species="nodulosa">
|
|
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="83">M. nodulosa</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
are characteristic for
|
|
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Tenebrionidae" genus="Scotinesthes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Scotinesthes" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="83" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
|
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="83">Scotinesthes</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
. Moreover,
|
|
<taxonomicName lsidName="M. nossibiana" pageId="0" pageNumber="83" rank="species" species="nossibiana">
|
|
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="83">M. nossibiana</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
shares a common structure of the mentum (fully filling buccal cavity; reduced basally in
|
|
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Tenebrionidae" genus="Machleida" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Machleida" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="83" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
|
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="83">Machleida</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
) with the other species representing that Malagasy genus. As a result,
|
|
<taxonomicName lsidName="nossibiana" pageId="0" pageNumber="83" rank="species" species="nossibiana">
|
|
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="83">nossibiana</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
is transferred from
|
|
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Tenebrionidae" genus="Machleida" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Machleida" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="83" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
|
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="83">Machleida</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
and the following new combination is introduced:
|
|
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Tenebrionidae" genus="Scotinesthes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Scotinesthes nossibianus" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="83" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="nossibianus">
|
|
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="83">Scotinesthes nossibianus</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
(Fairmaire, 1897) comb. nov.
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="83">
|
|
Reinvestigation of the type material revealed that
|
|
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Tenebrionidae" genus="Machleida" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Machleida tuberosa" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="83" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="tuberosa">
|
|
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="83">Machleida tuberosa</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
Wilke, 1925 has a peculiar pronotal sculpturing, i.e., disc without carinae but densely covered with small setose tubercles (Appendix 2: Fig. S1C). The second character seems to be unique for this species among the other southern African
|
|
<taxonomicName lsidName="" pageId="0" pageNumber="83" rank="tribe" tribe="Asidini">Asidini</taxonomicName>
|
|
. Because of the aforementioned features,
|
|
<taxonomicName lsidName="M. tuberosa" pageId="0" pageNumber="83" rank="species" species="tuberosa">
|
|
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="83">M. tuberosa</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
does not fit the newly proposed taxonomic concept of
|
|
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Tenebrionidae" genus="Machleida" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Machleida" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="83" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
|
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="83">Machleida</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
and is hereby excluded from this genus. The exact placement of this species (possibly a new genus) requires further investigation in a wider taxonomic context. At the moment
|
|
<taxonomicName lsidName="tuberosa" pageId="0" pageNumber="83" rank="species" species="tuberosa">
|
|
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="83">tuberosa</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
is treated as
|
|
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="83">incertae sedis</emphasis>
|
|
<taxonomicName lsidName="" pageId="0" pageNumber="83" rank="tribe" tribe="Asidini">Asidini</taxonomicName>
|
|
.
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|
</subSubSection>
|
|
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="83" type="distribution">
|
|
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="83">Distribution.</paragraph>
|
|
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="83">
|
|
Representatives of this genus have been collected in the following ecoregions of South Africa (
|
|
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 5" captionStartId="F5" captionText="Figure 5. Distribution of species of the genus Machleida." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.898.46465.figure5" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/363755" pageId="0" pageNumber="83" tableDoi="10.3897/zookeys.898.46465.figure5">Fig. 5</figureCitation>
|
|
): Drakensberg Montane Woodlands and Grasslands, KwaZulu-Cape coastal forest mosaic, Maputaland-Pondoland bushland, and thickets, Southern Africa mangroves.
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|
</subSubSection>
|
|
</treatment>
|
|
</document> |