185 lines
20 KiB
XML
185 lines
20 KiB
XML
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<mods:title id="51251C670296AB56A23DCF826B9220A8">Cercopithecidae</mods:title>
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<mods:name id="C11A2668D61CB81E40FC851D053192C3" type="personal">
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<mods:namePart id="8E15E3F82C8E2C7900D3AE38D035D2BC">Russell A. Mittermeier</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="DF971D9FA5568AC5FF13028E1EA99542">Anthony B. Rylands</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="A555FEB27F6AB151FD553E6EBD115F17">Don E. Wilson</mods:namePart>
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<mods:dateIssued id="7472F434E528A93166FD603378EFBE77">2013</mods:dateIssued>
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<mods:publisher id="EB022C4FA032096F1CCFC44EF52EA439">Lynx Edicions</mods:publisher>
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<mods:placeTerm id="BB060D303D1EBC59CC1A68A65E91008A">Barcelona</mods:placeTerm>
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<mods:title id="1CD7CD4D8687442E824B9A016ED8E8A1">Handbook of the Mammals of the World – Volume 3 Primates</mods:title>
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<treatment id="CE199B17FFDCFFDAFAF6695BFD62F789" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6863211" ID-GBIF-Taxon="197824507" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6863211" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:CE199B17FFDCFFDAFAF6695BFD62F789" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/CE199B17FFDCFFDAFAF6695BFD62F789" lastPageId="30" lastPageNumber="657" pageId="29" pageNumber="656">
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<heading id="1D479D6DFFDCFFD9FAF6695BFA5FF381" box="[1455,1512,3147,3197]" pageId="29" pageNumber="656">
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<figureCitation id="DE8B3684FFDCFFD9FAF6695BFA5FF381" box="[1455,1512,3147,3197]" captionStart="On" captionStartId="14.[117,147,3405,3426]" captionTargetBox="[12,2748,19,3638]" captionTargetPageId="13" captionText="On following pages: 16. Arunachal Macaque (Macaca munzala); 17. Tibetan Macaque (Macaca thibetana); 18. Stump-tailed Macaque Macaca arctoides); 19. Long-tailed Macaque (Macaca fascicularis); 20. Rhesus Macaque (Macaca mulatta); 21. Japanese Macaque (Macaca fuscata); 22. Taiwanese Macaque (Macaca cyclopis)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6867437" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6867437/files/figure.png" pageId="29" pageNumber="656">34.</figureCitation>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="0EAA798AFFDCFFD9FAA9695BF801F381" box="[1520,1974,3147,3197]" pageId="29" pageNumber="656" type="vernacular_names">
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<paragraph id="460F2A01FFDCFFD9FAA9695BF801F381" blockId="29.[1453,2469,3147,3276]" box="[1520,1974,3147,3197]" pageId="29" pageNumber="656">
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<heading id="1D479D6DFFDCFFD9FAA9695BF801F381" box="[1520,1974,3147,3197]" pageId="29" pageNumber="656">
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<vernacularName id="C8B35A2FFFDCFFD9FAA9695BF801F381" box="[1520,1974,3147,3197]" pageId="29" pageNumber="656">Johnston's Mangabey</vernacularName>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="0EAA798AFFDCFFD9F8A2695BF6C0F381" box="[2043,2423,3147,3197]" pageId="29" pageNumber="656" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="460F2A01FFDCFFD9F8A2695BF6C0F381" blockId="29.[1453,2469,3147,3276]" box="[2043,2423,3147,3197]" pageId="29" pageNumber="656">
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<heading id="1D479D6DFFDCFFD9F8A2695BF6C0F381" box="[2043,2423,3147,3197]" pageId="29" pageNumber="656">
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||
<taxonomicName id="81B05182FFDCFFD9F8A2695BF6C0F381" ID-CoL="72MSK" baseAuthorityName="Lydekker" baseAuthorityYear="1900" box="[2043,2423,3147,3197]" class="Mammalia" family="Cercopithecidae" genus="Lophocebus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Primates" pageId="29" pageNumber="656" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="johnstoni">
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<emphasis id="74C4F613FFDCFFD9F8A2695BF6C0F381" box="[2043,2423,3147,3197]" italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="656">Lophocebus johnstoni</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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</heading>
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||
</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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||
<subSubSection id="0EAA798AFFDCFFD9FAF7699FF857F330" pageId="29" pageNumber="656" type="vernacular_names">
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||
<paragraph id="460F2A01FFDCFFD9FAF7699FF613F358" blockId="29.[1453,2469,3147,3276]" box="[1454,2468,3215,3236]" pageId="29" pageNumber="656">
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<heading id="1D479D6DFFDCFFD9FAF7699FF613F358" box="[1454,2468,3215,3236]" pageId="29" pageNumber="656">
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<emphasis id="74C4F613FFDCFFD9FAF7699FFA4CF358" bold="true" box="[1454,1531,3215,3236]" pageId="29" pageNumber="656">French:</emphasis>
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<vernacularName id="C8B35A2FFFDCFFD9F95C699FF941F358" box="[1541,1782,3215,3236]" pageId="29" pageNumber="656">Lophocébe de Johnston</vernacularName>
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/
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<emphasis id="74C4F613FFDCFFD9F852699FF8D1F358" bold="true" box="[1803,1894,3215,3236]" pageId="29" pageNumber="656">German:</emphasis>
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<vernacularName id="C8B35A2FFFDCFFD9F836699FF7F7F358" box="[1903,2112,3215,3236]" pageId="29" pageNumber="656">Graumantelmangabe</vernacularName>
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/
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<emphasis id="74C4F613FFDCFFD9F70C699FF706F358" bold="true" box="[2133,2225,3215,3236]" pageId="29" pageNumber="656">Spanish:</emphasis>
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<vernacularName id="C8B35A2FFFDCFFD9F7E3699FF613F358" box="[2234,2468,3215,3236]" pageId="29" pageNumber="656">Mangabey de Johnston</vernacularName>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="460F2A01FFDCFFD9FAF769A7F857F330" blockId="29.[1453,2469,3147,3276]" box="[1454,2016,3255,3276]" pageId="29" pageNumber="656">
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<heading id="1D479D6DFFDCFFD9FAF769A7F857F330" box="[1454,2016,3255,3276]" pageId="29" pageNumber="656">
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<emphasis id="74C4F613FFDCFFD9FAF769A7F912F330" bold="true" box="[1454,1701,3255,3276]" pageId="29" pageNumber="656">Other common names:</emphasis>
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<vernacularName id="C8B35A2FFFDCFFD9F9F469A7F857F330" box="[1709,2016,3255,3276]" pageId="29" pageNumber="656">Johnston's Crested Mangabey</vernacularName>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="0EAA798AFFDCFFD9FAF769E8F708F2E5" box="[1454,2239,3320,3353]" pageId="29" pageNumber="656" type="reference_group">
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||
<paragraph id="460F2A01FFDCFFD9FAF769E8F708F2E5" blockId="29.[1453,2660,3320,3479]" box="[1454,2239,3320,3353]" pageId="29" pageNumber="656">
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<emphasis id="74C4F613FFDCFFD9FAF769E8F9FEF2E5" bold="true" box="[1454,1609,3320,3353]" pageId="29" pageNumber="656">Taxonomy.</emphasis>
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<taxonomicName id="81B05182FFDCFFD9F90E69E8F70DF2E5" authority="Lydekker, 1900" authorityName="Lydekker" authorityYear="1900" box="[1623,2234,3320,3353]" class="Mammalia" family="Cercopithecidae" genus="Semnocebus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Primates" pageId="29" pageNumber="656" phylum="Chordata" rank="subSpecies" species="albigena" subSpecies="johnstoni">Semnocebus albigena johnstoni Lydekker, 1900</taxonomicName>
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,
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="0EAA798AFFDCFFD9F79269E8F915F26D" pageId="29" pageNumber="656" type="materials_examined">
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<paragraph id="460F2A01FFDCFFD9F79269E8F915F26D" blockId="29.[1453,2660,3320,3479]" pageId="29" pageNumber="656">
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<materialsCitation id="F6D8205CFFDCFFD9F79269E8F915F26D" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3864421345" pageId="29" pageNumber="656">Congo-Zaire, near Lake Tanganyika. Restricted by Lorenz von Liburnau in 1917 to Semliki or Ituri Forest, and the type locality was fixed by E. Schwarz in 1910 to (present-day) Burundi, north-east of Lake Tanganyika.</materialsCitation>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="0EAA798AFFDFFFDAFD87640BFCCEFDB3" pageId="30" pageNumber="657" type="discussion">
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<paragraph id="460F2A01FFDFFFDAFD87640BFCCEFDB3" blockId="30.[732,1320,283,709]" pageId="30" pageNumber="657">
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L. johnston: was first described as a subspecies of
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<taxonomicName id="81B05182FFDFFFDAFC286457FBB5FE98" authorityName="Lydekker" authorityYear="1900" box="[881,1026,327,356]" class="Mammalia" family="Cercopithecidae" genus="Semnocebus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Primates" pageId="30" pageNumber="657" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="albigena">L. albigena</taxonomicName>
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, but C. P. Groves, in reviewing the taxonomy of the genus in 2007, considered it to be a full species. He also separated part of the
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<taxonomicName id="81B05182FFDFFFDAFB1164ACFB68FE25" baseAuthorityName="Lydekker" baseAuthorityYear="1900" box="[1096,1247,444,473]" class="Mammalia" family="Cercopithecidae" genus="Lophocebus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Primates" pageId="30" pageNumber="657" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="johnstoni">L. johnstoni</taxonomicName>
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population as
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<taxonomicName id="81B05182FFDFFFDAFC3264F0FC4AFDFD" authorityName="Matschie" authorityYear="1913" box="[875,1021,480,513]" class="Mammalia" family="Cercopithecidae" genus="Lophocebus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Primates" pageId="30" pageNumber="657" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="ugandae">L. ugandae</taxonomicName>
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. Whether L. johnston: intergrades with
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<taxonomicName id="81B05182FFDFFFDAFC956717FBD6FDD4" authorityName="Matschie" authorityYear="1913" box="[972,1121,519,552]" class="Mammalia" family="Cercopithecidae" genus="Lophocebus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Primates" pageId="30" pageNumber="657" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="ugandae">L. ugandae</taxonomicName>
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is not known. Monotypic.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="0EAA798AFFDFFFDAFD846749FBDCFD11" pageId="30" pageNumber="657" type="distribution">
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<caption id="12CF7A89FFDFFFDAFD846749FBDCFD11" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6867163" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6867163" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6867163/files/figure.png" inLine="true" pageId="30" pageNumber="657" targetBox="[121,701,296,702]" targetPageId="30">
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<paragraph id="460F2A01FFDFFFDAFD846749FBDCFD11" blockId="30.[732,1320,283,709]" lastBlockId="30.[111,1322,720,2165]" pageId="30" pageNumber="657">
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<emphasis id="74C4F613FFDFFFDAFD846749FC3BFD8A" bold="true" box="[733,908,601,630]" pageId="30" pageNumber="657">Distribution.</emphasis>
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DR Congo (E and S of the Ubangi River and N of the Congo River), W Rwanda, and W Burundi; possibly in NW Uganda (W of the Albert Nile) and in the Republic of South Sudan.
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</paragraph>
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</caption>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="0EAA798AFFDFFFDAFF2C67E7FDD6FC03" pageId="30" pageNumber="657" type="description">
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<paragraph id="460F2A01FFDFFFDAFF2C67E7FDD6FC03" blockId="30.[111,1322,720,2165]" pageId="30" pageNumber="657">
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<emphasis id="74C4F613FFDFFFDAFF2C67E7FEC5FCE8" bold="true" box="[117,370,759,788]" pageId="30" pageNumber="657">Descriptive notes.</emphasis>
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Head-body 45-73 cm (males) and 50-56 cm (females), tail 73-100 cm (males) and 67-80 cm (females); weight 6.1-9 kg (males) and 4.7-6.5 kg (females). Johnston's Mangabey is a slender crested mangabey (
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<taxonomicName id="81B05182FFDFFFDAFC9F6656FBE8FC9F" authorityName="Palmer" authorityYear="1903" box="[966,1119,838,867]" class="Mammalia" family="Cercopithecidae" genus="Lophocebus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Primates" pageId="30" pageNumber="657" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">Lophocebus</taxonomicName>
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), with relatively long extremities and a long tail.
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<taxonomicName id="81B05182FFDFFFDAFD0C6678FD32FC75" box="[597,645,872,905]" genus="The" pageId="30" pageNumber="657" rank="species" species="fur">Fur</taxonomicName>
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is darkish brown to black, dorsally and ventrally. Mantle is a slightly lighter, gray-brown. Crown hairs are swept back, with long eyebrow tufts (“horns”), and cheeks are light gray-brown passing to white inferiorly, but very thinly haired. Albinism is common.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="0EAA798AFFDFFFDAFF2C6116FC58FBDB" box="[117,1007,1030,1063]" pageId="30" pageNumber="657" type="biology_ecology">
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<paragraph id="460F2A01FFDFFFDAFF2C6116FC58FBDB" blockId="30.[111,1322,720,2165]" box="[117,1007,1030,1063]" pageId="30" pageNumber="657">
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<emphasis id="74C4F613FFDFFFDAFF2C6116FF54FBDB" bold="true" box="[117,227,1030,1063]" pageId="30" pageNumber="657">Habitat.</emphasis>
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Primary and secondary tropical, semi-deciduous forest.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="0EAA798AFFDFFFDAFF2C6121FF68FB38" pageId="30" pageNumber="657" type="food_feeding">
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<paragraph id="460F2A01FFDFFFDAFF2C6121FF68FB38" blockId="30.[111,1322,720,2165]" pageId="30" pageNumber="657">
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<emphasis id="74C4F613FFDFFFDAFF2C6121FECAFBB2" bold="true" box="[117,381,1073,1102]" pageId="30" pageNumber="657">Food and Feeding.</emphasis>
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The diet ofJohnston’s Mangabey is undoubtedly similar to other crested mangabeys and probably includes seeds as a major component, along with fruits, young leaves, bark, flowers, and animal prey (invertebrates and small vertebrates).
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="0EAA798AFFDFFFDAFF2D61DAFC0FFB17" box="[116,952,1226,1259]" pageId="30" pageNumber="657" type="breeding">
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<paragraph id="460F2A01FFDFFFDAFF2D61DAFC0FFB17" blockId="30.[111,1322,720,2165]" box="[116,952,1226,1259]" pageId="30" pageNumber="657">
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<emphasis id="74C4F613FFDFFFDAFF2D61DAFF4DFB17" bold="true" box="[116,250,1226,1259]" pageId="30" pageNumber="657">Breeding.</emphasis>
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There is no information available for this species.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="0EAA798AFFDFFFDAFF2A61E1FBB0FAEE" box="[115,1031,1265,1298]" pageId="30" pageNumber="657" type="activity">
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<paragraph id="460F2A01FFDFFFDAFF2A61E1FBB0FAEE" blockId="30.[111,1322,720,2165]" box="[115,1031,1265,1298]" pageId="30" pageNumber="657">
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<emphasis id="74C4F613FFDFFFDAFF2A61E1FEEAFAEE" bold="true" box="[115,349,1265,1298]" pageId="30" pageNumber="657">Activity patterns.</emphasis>
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Johnston’s Mangabeys are diurnal and arboreal.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="0EAA798AFFDFFFDAFF2D600DFC98FA03" pageId="30" pageNumber="657" type="biology_ecology">
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<paragraph id="460F2A01FFDFFFDAFF2D600DFC98FA03" blockId="30.[111,1322,720,2165]" pageId="30" pageNumber="657">
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<emphasis id="74C4F613FFDFFFDAFF2D600DFC9FFAC6" bold="true" box="[116,808,1309,1338]" pageId="30" pageNumber="657">Movements, Home range and Social organization.</emphasis>
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In the Ituri Forest in the DR Congo, group size is 6-14 individuals, with an abundance estimate of 6-9 ind/km. In lowland areas of Kahuzi-Biéga National Park, they are more abundant, estimated at 15-9 ind/ km with an average group size of 21-4 individuals. In most of its distribution, it is sympatric with the Agile Mangabey (
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<taxonomicName id="81B05182FFDFFFDAFD1660A7FC92FA24" authorityName="A. Milne-Edwards" authorityYear="1886" box="[591,805,1463,1496]" class="Mammalia" family="Cercopithecidae" genus="Cercocebus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Primates" pageId="30" pageNumber="657" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="agilis">Cercocebus agilis</taxonomicName>
|
||
) and is often found in polyspecific associations with colobines and arboreal guenons.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="0EAA798AFFDFFFDAFF2C6319FD61F853" pageId="30" pageNumber="657" type="conservation">
|
||
<paragraph id="460F2A01FFDFFFDAFF2C6319FD61F853" blockId="30.[111,1322,720,2165]" pageId="30" pageNumber="657">
|
||
<emphasis id="74C4F613FFDFFFDAFF2C6319FE79F9DA" bold="true" box="[117,462,1545,1574]" pageId="30" pageNumber="657">Status and Conservation.</emphasis>
|
||
CITES Appendix II. Classified as Least Concern on The [UCN Red List (under
|
||
<taxonomicName id="81B05182FFDFFFDAFE07633CFE41F9B1" authorityName="Lydekker" authorityYear="1900" box="[350,502,1580,1613]" class="Mammalia" family="Cercopithecidae" genus="Semnocebus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Primates" pageId="30" pageNumber="657" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="albigena">L. albigena</taxonomicName>
|
||
). Johnston’s Mangabey is listed as Class B in the African Convention on the Conservation of Nature and Natural Resources. It is hunted for food in some areas and occasionally shot as a crop pest. It has become scarce in several protected areas because of the civil war and rebel and military occupation ofits forests. Johnstons Mangabey is known to occur in a number of protected areas: Kibira National Park in Burundi; Bomu Wildlife Reserve, Yangambi Reserve, Maiko National Park, [turi Forest, Okapi Faunal Reserve, Kahuzi-Biéga National Park and Virunga National Park in the DR Congo; Nyungwe Forest National Park in Rwanda; and probably Ajai Game Reserve in Uganda. A reassessment of the distribution and conservation status ofJohnston’s Mangabey is urgently needed.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="0EAA798AFFDFFFDAFF2C62AFFD62F789" pageId="30" pageNumber="657" type="bibRefCitation_list">
|
||
<paragraph id="460F2A01FFDFFFDAFF2C62AFFD62F789" blockId="30.[111,1322,720,2165]" pageId="30" pageNumber="657">
|
||
<emphasis id="74C4F613FFDFFFDAFF2C62AFFEB9F824" bold="true" box="[117,270,1983,2008]" pageId="30" pageNumber="657">Bibliography.</emphasis>
|
||
Amsini et al. (2008), Chapman et al. (1999), Colyn (1987, 1988, 1994), Fleagle (1999), Gautier-Hion et al. (1999), Gevaerts (1992), Groves (1978, 2001, 2005b, 2007a), Grubb (2006), Hall et al. (2002/2003), Hart & Hall (1996), Hart & Sikubwabo (1994), Hart & Thomas (1986), Hill (1974), Jolly (2007), Kingdon (1997), Lorenz von Liburnau (1917), McGraw et al. (2012), Mwanza & Yamagiwa (1989), Rahm (1965), Schwarz (1910), Swedell (2011), Thomas (1991), Yamagiwa et al. (1989).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |