708 lines
69 KiB
XML
708 lines
69 KiB
XML
<document id="A646E4E54967D6EB0DEF1CB079988707" ID-DOI="10.3897/phytokeys.245.121988" ID-publisher-id="121988" URI-arpha="DA787C6A-F566-53A8-8CE4-1DB250259EB2" XM.bibliography_approvedBy="admin" XM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="admin" XM.treatmentCitations_approvedBy="admin" XM.treatments_approvedBy="admin" article-type="research-article" checkinTime="1722263393642" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Knapp, Sandra" docDate="2024" docId="CDEE34B690CC566AAAA0EF54BADAF369" docLanguage="en" docName="PhytoKeys 245: 1-106" docOrigin="PhytoKeys 245" docSource="https://phytokeys.pensoft.net/article/121988/download/xml/" docStyle="DocumentStyle:PensoftTaxPub.0000.journal_article.phytokeys" docStyleName="PensoftTaxPub.0000.journal_article.phytokeys" docTitle="Lycianthes parasitica Bitter" docType="treatment" docVersion="2" dtd-version="3.0" lastPageNumber="106" masterDocId="DA787C6AF56653A88CE41DB250259EB2" masterDocTitle="A revision of Lycianthes (Solanaceae) in tropical Asia" masterLastPageNumber="106" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="1" updateTime="1722270899297" updateUser="admin">
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<mods:titleInfo id="B4B8A00A0B10EAB648161267202E4769">
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<mods:title id="0DACA4BBBEAB8757487BAB182F0F838E">A revision of Lycianthes (Solanaceae) in tropical Asia</mods:title>
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<mods:name id="5304201C12FA92AAFCDB3D4A36A23F9D" type="personal">
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<mods:roleTerm id="75AB77C306FADFE49BB7C7CA2157AE2B">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart id="C1B9C4BFC308D3DC6710B8010002F9E5">Knapp, Sandra</mods:namePart>
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<mods:nameIdentifier id="C8988763FD86ED7EEDC7D2E834BA480A" type="ORCID">0000-0001-7698-3945</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:affiliation id="9528B304E6AF71646B7A559D4E610C92">Natural History Museum, Cromwell Road, London SW 7 5 BD, UK</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:typeOfResource id="395C02498E2C9BA17D49E2A4BC1700FC">text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:titleInfo id="C9AC50C72DEF72AB0592829EA697E944">
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<mods:title id="9CC76CC059A5A7D849298C41FA604455">PhytoKeys</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:part id="432D74449882DB68148997EDAB5D1DAA">
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<mods:date id="FB59D734C922663DA69E90A5B01610DF">2024</mods:date>
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<mods:detail id="A57352454772196346B01528F5CE06D8" type="pubDate">
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<mods:number id="5FDF549B3526EDF8C441DAAA26F132AB">2024-07-29</mods:number>
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<mods:detail id="67560B623824B443C6A005A7AAF86509" type="volume">
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<mods:number id="53E8874F45787108089E013DFE981AE4">245</mods:number>
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<mods:start id="6A854E0FBA6009D4DD6BE7D6724EE7DC">1</mods:start>
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<mods:classification id="A3205EB9584A831E9F3B47A1838DE665">journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier id="C67EFAAC784F5BCDF34E991EB39E03E4" type="DOI">10.3897/phytokeys.245.121988</mods:identifier>
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</mods:mods>
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<treatment id="CDEE34B690CC566AAAA0EF54BADAF369" ID-arpha="CDEE34B6-90CC-566A-AAA0-EF54BADAF369" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:CDEE34B690CC566AAAA0EF54BADAF369" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/CDEE34B690CC566AAAA0EF54BADAF369">
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<subSubSection id="2AF4FCAEE4F02E492D50FD3C238030BE" type="nomenclature">
|
||
<paragraph id="A95C561663AEAD176F119DC5C19AE42E">
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||
<heading id="0ECBCE2C2038436C9C1F7FBDE31DD9D8" reason="label">7.</heading>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="75645EAAFEF1E614080DCE7D935CC78E" ID-CoL="3WK7S" authority="(Blume) Bitter" authorityName="Bitter" baseAuthorityName="Blume" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Solanaceae" genus="Lycianthes" kingdom="Plantae" order="Solanales" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="parasitica">
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<emphasis id="6D743B9150A9996E8AC0A8360D5851D1" italics="true">Lycianthes parasitica</emphasis>
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(Blume) Bitter
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||
</taxonomicName>
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||
, Abh. Naturwiss. Vereins
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<collectingRegion id="937BB37127E22E68D4E0E2A2F10C4BE0" country="Germany" name="Bremen">Bremen</collectingRegion>
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||
24 [preprint]: 504. 1919.
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||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="401669F805E8F9BB2F112A99EB2B18C5" type="description">
|
||
<paragraph id="40F520D4588673AB9B0D2A249DF38677">
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||
<figureCitation id="747376847FCD763D47397C4FED74364E" captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="F2" captionText="Figure 2. Habit and leaves of Lycianthes in Asia A L. banahaensis (Rule s. n., Philippines; DOL 134625) B L. biflora (Pelser & Barcelona s. n., Philippines; DOL 44707) C L. lysimachioides (Nuraliev 1638, Vietnam) D L. parasitica (Saavedra s. n., Philippines; DOL 145620) E L. shunningensis (Nuraliev 2810, Vietnam). Photograph credits: A Greg Rule B Pieter B. Pelser & Julie F Barcelona C, E Maxim Nuraliev D) Aljohn J. Saavedra. DOL numbers are identifiers from PhytoImages (https://phytoimages.siu.edu). Details of collecting localities can be found in Suppl. material 2." figureDoi="10.3897/phytokeys.245.121988.figure2" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1103795">Figs 2 D</figureCitation>
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,
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<figureCitation id="D4772C9EBD2D42E07534B0A0CB0EEF28" captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="F3" captionText="Figure 3. Calyx appendage variation of Lycianthes in Asia A L. biflora with 10 equal calyx appendages (Nuraliev s. n, Vietnam [no voucher]) B L. laevis with 5 calyx appendages (Mustaqim s. n., Indonesia; DOL 207886) C L. parasitica with small, nub-like calyx appendages (Pelser & Barcelona s. n., Philippines; DOL 84744) D L. oliveriana with thick, warty calyces with no appendages (Damas et al. SAJ- 1050, Papua New Guinea) E L. schizocalyx with long flower pedicels and 10 unequal calyx appendages (Heyer s. n., Philippines; DOL 151906) F L. shunningensis with 10 strongly reflexed calyx appendages (Averyanov 887, Laos). Photograph credits: A Maxim Nuraliev B Wendy Mustaqim C Pieter B. Pelser & Julie F. Barcelona D Shelley James E Philippe Heyer F Leonid Averyanov. DOL numbers are identifiers from PhytoImages (https://phytoimages.siu.edu). Details of collecting localities can be found in Suppl. material 2." figureDoi="10.3897/phytokeys.245.121988.figure3" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1103796">3 C</figureCitation>
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,
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<figureCitation id="B18E66CEB684CDDB500A418EEDF5FAEC" captionStart="Figure 4" captionStartId="F4" captionText="Figure 4. Flowers of Lycianthes in Asia A L. banahaensis with tetramerous yellow flowers, note the stigma sitting almost within the anther tube (Rule s. n., Philippines; DOL 134710) B L. biflora with membranous corolla lobes and a minutely capitate stigma (Knapp et al. 10106, China) C L. laevis flower with green blotches at the base of the corolla lobes (Mustaqim s. n., Indonesia; DOL 207828) D L. parasitica flower with spreading corolla lobes and capitate stigma (Tandang s. n., Philippines; DOL 76576597) E L. rantonnetii rotate corolla with orange, slightly curved anthers (Stevenson s. n., cultivated in Mexico; DOL 183568) F L. shunningensis with very short reflexed calyx appendages and cucullate corolla lobe tips (Nuraliev et al. 2810, Vietnam). Photograph credits: A Greg Rule B Sandra Knapp C Wendy Mustaqim D Danilo Tandang; E Dennis Stevenson F Maxim Nuraliev. DOL numbers are identifiers from PhytoImages (https://phytoimages.siu.edu). Details of collecting localities can be found in Suppl. material 2." figureDoi="10.3897/phytokeys.245.121988.figure4" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1103797">4 D</figureCitation>
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,
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<figureCitation id="1DFD004EAB2192105866C21C4728B5A3" captionStart="Figure 5" captionStartId="F5" captionText="Figure 5. Fruits of Lycianthes in Asia A L. banahaensis showing the opaque pericarp, lenticellate pedicel and small nub-like calyx appendages (Rule s. n., Philippines; DOL 134667) B L. biflora showing sequence of fruiting ripening and elongate calyx appendages (Nuraliev 182 a, Vietnam) C L. biflora plant with short calyx appendages and little pubescence (Pelser & Barcelona s. n., Philippines; DOL 44710) D L. parasitica showing the small inflorescence axes and berries changing from white to orange with ripening (Tandang s. n., Philippines; DOL 76584) E L. parasitica cross-section of berry showing the two seeds (Pelser & Barcelona s. n., Philippines; DOL 84746) F L. shunningensis showing unripe berry and strongly reflexed calyx appendages (Averyanov et al. 887, Laos). Photograph credits: A Greg Rule B Maxim Nuraliev C, E Pieter B. Pelser & Julie F. Barcelona D Danilo Tandang F Leonid Averyanov. DOL numbers are identifiers from PhytoImages (https://phytoimages.siu.edu). Details of collecting localities can be found in Suppl. material 2." figureDoi="10.3897/phytokeys.245.121988.figure5" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1103798">5 D, E</figureCitation>
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,
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<figureCitation id="BC6EEF42F675313DBD929421C54CB572" captionStart="Figure 18" captionStartId="F18" captionText="Figure 18. Lycianthes parasitica (Elmer) Bitter herbarium specimen. Malaysia. Sarawak, Brooke 9992 (BM 001019011)." figureDoi="10.3897/phytokeys.245.121988.figure18" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1103811">18</figureCitation>
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||
</paragraph>
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||
</subSubSection>
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||
<subSubSection id="8EFD280D0F45CBC9DE418BB026CF6636" type="reference_group">
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||
<paragraph id="9FA5A2B7DE66D8B5E92A21F1143662D3">
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||
<treatmentCitationGroup id="3B384E98A51EF4AD42F3E5C869F91689">
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||
<treatmentCitation id="E4519E126878E44631CE56B9059E7AD3">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="3DDA55E3D49F8991AD5F57E62B16D38D" ID-CoL="4Y3NJ" authority="Blume" authorityName="Blume" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Solanaceae" genus="Solanum" kingdom="Plantae" order="Solanales" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="parasiticum">
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||
<emphasis id="551BD412A18E9EF931B4A50F714F9CAA" italics="true">Solanum parasiticum</emphasis>
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||
Blume
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||
</taxonomicName>
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||
, Cat. Gew. Buitenzorg 55. 1823
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||
</treatmentCitation>
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||
. Type.
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<collectingCountry id="7F590A196077FE4234D5F45B088ABE7F" name="Indonesia">Indonesia</collectingCountry>
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. [
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||
<collectingRegion id="93A0782A01176F6D2484AE280FEB4577" country="Indonesia" name="Jawa Timur">Java</collectingRegion>
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||
]: sin. loc. [
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<bibRefCitation id="68A6922C3CBE5DC5381BD8EFB0A293B9" DOI="10.5962/bhl.title.115427" author="Blume CL" firstAuthor="Blume" refId="B15" refString="Blume CL (1826) Bijdragen tot de flora van Nederlandsch Indië, Ter Lands Drukkererij, Jakarta [Batavia]. https://doi.org/10.5962/bhl.title.115427" year="1826">Blume (1826)</bibRefCitation>
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||
cites “ montis Salak ”], C. L. Blume s. n. (
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<typeStatus id="9EAABCF094F1F83151BC7431D61B45CC" type="neotype">neotype</typeStatus>
|
||
, designated here: L [L 0003603]).
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||
</treatmentCitationGroup>
|
||
</paragraph>
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||
<paragraph id="B44809195856575E53A75B67B867F610">
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||
<treatmentCitationGroup id="3D8576F51CFBF584B76947BF57D2D58B">
|
||
<treatmentCitation id="27325F87E9B3F855AC82B684677B11D9" author="Elmer" journal="Leaflets Philipp. Bot." page="731" score="307.72303112407144" volume="2" year="1910">
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||
<taxonomicName id="2B7334A5F2CFD944A91547C5CD84FE0D" ID-CoL="4XZHF" authority="Elmer" authorityName="Elmer" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Solanaceae" genus="Solanum" kingdom="Plantae" order="Solanales" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="angatii">
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||
<emphasis id="15575AFCDC27521E7AB69D0525385DD4" italics="true">Solanum angatii</emphasis>
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||
Elmer
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||
</taxonomicName>
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||
, Leaflets Philipp. Bot. 2: 731. 1910, as “ Angatii ”
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||
</treatmentCitation>
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||
. Type.
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<collectingCountry id="65A3C58EA111B6C314EC01FB6C02E492" name="Philippines">Philippines</collectingCountry>
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. Mindanao [
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<collectingRegion id="705DDC867343CE7BA3B090E2CC099A4A" country="Philippines" name="Davao">Davao</collectingRegion>
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||
]: Todaya [Mount Apo], district of
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<collectingRegion id="228ED0582F3DDCF690AC46C84F743ACF" country="Philippines" name="Davao">Davao</collectingRegion>
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,
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<date id="CBADCA1DAAF48B8CC51183CB4A456437" value="1909-05">May 1909</date>
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,
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<emphasis id="9F228E1B0C7B99F2E7656377EF7B428E" italics="true">A. D. E. Elmer 10762</emphasis>
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||
(
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||
<typeStatus id="E2DE1C0C1279703B107BFE2BA449821D" type="lectotype">lectotype</typeStatus>
|
||
, designated here:
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||
<collectingCountry id="E45DBABBDD0503ED3B6E03775C651A12" name="United States of America">US</collectingCountry>
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||
[00027451, acc. # 779392];
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||
<typeStatus id="E70071BB3544EB3A1E9083DF18ACF423" type="isolectotype">isolectotypes</typeStatus>
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||
: BISH [BISH 1005075], BM [BM 001014586], CAL [acc. # 316454], E [E 00273867], F [v 0073457 F, acc. # 290902], G [G 00343323], HBG [HBG- 511360], K [K 000759398], L [L 003583], LAE [acc. # 229575], LE [LE 00016835, LE 00016836], MO [MO- 503797, acc. # 04871604],
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<collectionCode id="096A8F374AF1C1002F16D15004CF4C93" country="USA" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15556" name="William and Lynda Steere Herbarium of the New York Botanical Garden" type="Herbarium">NY</collectionCode>
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[00172271], W [acc. # 1912-0001593]).
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||
</treatmentCitationGroup>
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||
</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="B404F1FD63A50105FBF5157870823AAD">
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||
<treatmentCitationGroup id="3781027645A254A2F6DB5435B0D68FC7">
|
||
<treatmentCitation id="B3A7D1673E48FC3C4047310EBE89651E" author="Merr." journal="Philipp. J. Sc., C" page="350" score="2.9076864546510537" volume="7" year="1912">
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<taxonomicName id="84B4C2C14CD7AEE03E7131FE078558F0" ID-CoL="4Y2DB" authority="Merr." authorityName="Merr." class="Magnoliopsida" family="Solanaceae" genus="Solanum" kingdom="Plantae" order="Solanales" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="epiphyticum">
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||
<emphasis id="2E2084ECC6159CBD7E67E43F58355927" italics="true">Solanum epiphyticum</emphasis>
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Merr.
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</taxonomicName>
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||
, Philipp. J. Sc., C 7: 350. 1912
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</treatmentCitation>
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. Type.
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<collectingCountry id="40CCFD13556425BB36758C074A501685" name="Philippines">Philippines</collectingCountry>
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||
. Luzon: sin. loc. [“ prov. of
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<collectingRegion id="AC22A0B04539DA8C2E80596301363DAF" country="Philippines" name="Albay">Albay</collectingRegion>
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||
” in protologue], 1841,
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<emphasis id="886C11EBAE570A52C03C0977D1E1A5EF" italics="true">H. Cuming 837 [as “ 873</emphasis>
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||
”] (
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||
<typeStatus id="8DB070903FB932A65FCB464046424C4A" type="lectotype">lectotype</typeStatus>
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||
, designated here:
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||
<collectionCode id="2069DE932F92A025B12022A34C9C82DF" country="United Kingdom" name="Bristol Museum">BM</collectionCode>
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||
[BM 001018999);
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||
<typeStatus id="6BB5BA78F3B521D8D8C8F21CD78BBA50" type="isolectotype">isolectotypes</typeStatus>
|
||
: G [G 00415763], K [K 000759396, K 000759397], LAE [acc. # 229577, 231304]).
|
||
</treatmentCitationGroup>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="FEE9627859A2FFA9B7BDB06AC0E34D9C">
|
||
<treatmentCitationGroup id="1C4356E01264D017ACF196D0D9D1A4D7">
|
||
<treatmentCitation id="C1A4699C79917AADB5277FCD972238A9">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="B1FD49984602626C1EE22A0F0471CE2A" ID-CoL="B5SBF" authority="Bitter" authorityName="Bitter" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Solanaceae" genus="Lycianthes" kingdom="Plantae" order="Solanales" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="variety" species="parasitica" variety="campylorhachis">
|
||
<emphasis id="7BCDD8A3B8CD323F11351CA035C847D9" italics="true">Lycianthes parasitica</emphasis>
|
||
(Blume) Bitter
|
||
<emphasis id="94162F822981505B0BD67090342E546D" italics="true">var. campylorhachis</emphasis>
|
||
Bitter
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, Abh. Naturwiss. Verein Bremen 24 [preprint]: 505. 1919
|
||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||
. Type.
|
||
<collectingCountry id="65179CD55FA41D2BE5731E7BD767D02A" name="Indonesia">Indonesia</collectingCountry>
|
||
.
|
||
<collectingRegion id="4D738321089013CBA0EFBCD594FD6A7F" country="Indonesia" name="Jawa Timur">Java</collectingRegion>
|
||
: [
|
||
<collectingRegion id="D2AA5A150A9F7CBC622C755592A64F95" country="Indonesia" name="Jawa Barat">West Java</collectingRegion>
|
||
] Gunung Salak, Tjaepoes.
|
||
<date id="E3B00B7C1B3337E5C324AC704E875FF5" value="1912-11-03">3 Nov 1912</date>
|
||
,
|
||
<emphasis id="4536A42A410F8E893225A40DB721402C" italics="true">S. H. Koorders 40378</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<typeStatus id="4A8ADBE9D35A2F8655AD3A4622519A60" type="lectotype">lectotype</typeStatus>
|
||
, designated here:
|
||
<collectionCode id="9830FB005193FE30A716F97760C788BA" country="Indonesia" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15186" name="Herbarium Bogoriense" type="Herbarium">BO</collectionCode>
|
||
[acc. # BO- 1414436];
|
||
<typeStatus id="475111017B3A3ABB283F4994FFCA3777" type="isolectotype">isolectotypes</typeStatus>
|
||
: BO [acc. # 1414437, 1911596]).
|
||
</treatmentCitationGroup>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="2ED1EEA6CA96B682393E2A7E4E0EDFD4">
|
||
<treatmentCitationGroup id="A295EAC421997A9270DE5E31C9B0A74F">
|
||
<treatmentCitation id="8F1945B6B0E42B42721ED6CD567D18B6">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="241A80E18E6263EC7E66FCB443A75A88" ID-CoL="5JG54" authority="(Merr.) Bitter" authorityName="Bitter" baseAuthorityName="Merr." class="Magnoliopsida" family="Solanaceae" genus="Lycianthes" kingdom="Plantae" order="Solanales" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="variety" species="parasitica" variety="epiphytica">
|
||
<emphasis id="97A0766BAB0251C5A7552BDE3854B483" italics="true">Lycianthes parasitica</emphasis>
|
||
(Blume) Bitter
|
||
<emphasis id="017961B624764E1AC87BFEDDBCE90F9F" italics="true">var. epiphytica</emphasis>
|
||
(Merr.) Bitter
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, Abh. Naturwiss. Verein
|
||
<collectingRegion id="D3995725D8584D6FC5614317408C1649" country="Germany" name="Bremen">Bremen</collectingRegion>
|
||
24 [preprint]: 506. 1919
|
||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
<typeStatus id="155013F7AAEE9919901E81E6C0BFF6E9">Type</typeStatus>
|
||
. Based on
|
||
<taxonomicName id="A1670B3B04752EFBD7122CD6E5C31A0B" ID-CoL="4Y2DB" authority="Merr." authorityName="Merr." class="Magnoliopsida" family="Solanaceae" genus="Solanum" kingdom="Plantae" order="Solanales" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="epiphyticum">
|
||
<emphasis id="43448650BBED7D99888E088160DC313E" italics="true">Solanum epiphyticum</emphasis>
|
||
Merr.
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
</treatmentCitationGroup>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8045FF2E59A5E6CB5F2C0B2C14DA496B">
|
||
<treatmentCitationGroup id="6002A4953481C8C453BC179F1C8DEB4B">
|
||
<treatmentCitation id="71BDFBB7DC21FC6EFB9B2CD362689E70">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="2CFF8BF4E4CB431949E76B55C723C1C2" ID-CoL="B5SBD" authority="(Elmer) Bitter" authorityName="Bitter" baseAuthorityName="Elmer" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Solanaceae" genus="Lycianthes" kingdom="Plantae" order="Solanales" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="variety" species="parasitica" variety="angatii">
|
||
<emphasis id="76F6FDD9D56621991D8945A6ACAED36E" italics="true">Lycianthes parasitica</emphasis>
|
||
(Blume) Bitter
|
||
<emphasis id="BEBB40753F142B6A24C2CA3113908B39" italics="true">var. angatii</emphasis>
|
||
(Elmer) Bitter
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, Abh. Naturwiss. Verein
|
||
<collectingRegion id="7DAF92B70C88650EBE1CA4D166ECBA83" country="Germany" name="Bremen">Bremen</collectingRegion>
|
||
24 [preprint]: 507. 1919, as “ Angatii ”
|
||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
<typeStatus id="FBF5D2D68067A5577DD7552330451795">Type</typeStatus>
|
||
. Based on
|
||
<taxonomicName id="BE376EC623BD602EE9AB2A3DF8F1173D" ID-CoL="4XZHF" authority="Elmer" authorityName="Elmer" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Solanaceae" genus="Solanum" kingdom="Plantae" order="Solanales" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="angatii">
|
||
<emphasis id="41AA4EDE96DE37CE8EDDAAD76A0FE43E" italics="true">Solanum angatii</emphasis>
|
||
Elmer
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
</treatmentCitationGroup>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="274F0B7293AD54136F1F6B6CCF1D7A2F">
|
||
<treatmentCitationGroup id="AFFD9AAF9039A22A008F5834CF0C4E94">
|
||
<treatmentCitation id="5F7A2795D2EB6D36342C7E5D70F24D3D">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="DCE1EEA9D16150A1249413A395D5EE1E" ID-CoL="B5SBH" authority="Bitter" authorityName="Bitter" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Solanaceae" genus="Lycianthes" kingdom="Plantae" order="Solanales" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="variety" species="parasitica" variety="praelongipedicellata">
|
||
<emphasis id="B48F66E4389F577B20C2E50735A3EEBB" italics="true">Lycianthes parasitica</emphasis>
|
||
(Blume) Bitter
|
||
<emphasis id="DCC40CC46E91CC59200EC7D55B46771F" italics="true">var. praelongipedicellata</emphasis>
|
||
Bitter
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, Abh. Naturwiss. Verein Bremen 24 [preprint]: 507. 1919
|
||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||
. Type.
|
||
<collectingCountry id="6322ADB7A5AF8E0870820D1543131BB6" name="Indonesia">Indonesia</collectingCountry>
|
||
.
|
||
<collectingRegion id="1D0CB5293C28614F7579108572C3B06F" country="Indonesia" name="Sulawesi Utara">Sulawesi</collectingRegion>
|
||
: [
|
||
<collectingRegion id="93D982647D520262CBE19D5A3EB15BD0" country="Indonesia" name="Sulawesi Utara">Sulawesi Utara</collectingRegion>
|
||
], Tomohon, s. d.,
|
||
<emphasis id="CC9442B0301B4B625519DBDECADEC214" italics="true">P. B. Sarasin & F. K. Sarasin 375</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<typeStatus id="8E133959C6BE7B5E97B1C3CD0E247EE4" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
: B [destroyed]; no duplicates found).
|
||
</treatmentCitationGroup>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="09ADD23C83D407250EFC154755990146">
|
||
<treatmentCitationGroup id="FF4868BD6013C9A16F8EEBB3389CAB2A">
|
||
<treatmentCitation id="91377356CC3CE66A3D11D8471C9FC341" author="Bitter" journal="Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg." page="321" score="1.0992452832713058" volume="18" year="1922">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="CDD2948F8A7E7F1BEF6618DEBD2633DA" authority="Bitter" authorityName="Bitter" authorityYear="2024" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Solanaceae" genus="Lycianthes" kingdom="Plantae" order="Solanales" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="variety" species="parasitica" status="sp. nov." variety="plurifolia">
|
||
<emphasis id="1A567DE2B433DEBEEE6670CB98E8BD98" italics="true">Lycianthes parasitica</emphasis>
|
||
(Blume) Bitter
|
||
<emphasis id="63B71942AB3A9C815663F863BDFA9BE0" italics="true">var. plurifolia</emphasis>
|
||
Bitter
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, Repert.
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="3F8E88D31B0541AB6F658A06BA37B5B1" rank="species">Spec. Nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
Regni Veg. 18: 321. 1922
|
||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||
. Type.
|
||
<collectingCountry id="E35554B6A35B26153A3EDDEBC6471A96" name="Philippines">Philippines</collectingCountry>
|
||
. Visayas: Eastern Visayas,
|
||
<collectingRegion id="AB2EE005734E3179BFE85ACB98D863E9" country="Philippines" name="Southern Leyte">Leyte</collectingRegion>
|
||
Island,
|
||
<date id="3B781BE768229C7ADB5400EC61A5F33C" value="1919-09-19">19 Sep 1919</date>
|
||
,
|
||
<emphasis id="367E02CC6225DD04E8B913301D128728" italics="true">C. A. Wenzel 500</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<typeStatus id="4794613743BB5051369EDF536FF8C1CE" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
: G [G 00415812];
|
||
<typeStatus id="19C21B577936D99E1B8DD3B25019C218" type="isotype">isotypes</typeStatus>
|
||
: BM [BM 001018987], F [acc. # 423585], MO [acc. # 80818, 80819]).
|
||
</treatmentCitationGroup>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="SECID0EIUHK" type="material">
|
||
<paragraph id="A2EE30DAB00C1B8FB70DD78C4B12BC70">
|
||
<heading id="63DD6B9B4F6CA01615F165F18BCA0ACD" reason="title">
|
||
<typeStatus id="13C52FC2CEA0C131079CF88B78FEF5B4">Type</typeStatus>
|
||
.
|
||
</heading>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="61FF30722F590B2CEBE28C91B77397EB">
|
||
Based on
|
||
<taxonomicName id="666CB479C583DE79593D730BEC1A4068" authority="Blume" authorityName="Blume" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Solanaceae" genus="Solanum" kingdom="Plantae" order="Solanales" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="parasiticum">
|
||
<emphasis id="BA270DFE212C3EE56CDD4C3E2310943E" italics="true">Solanum parasiticum</emphasis>
|
||
Blume
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="SECID0EZUHK" type="description">
|
||
<paragraph id="78D7E55A5D01F7AD200F0928C20D8168">
|
||
<heading id="C6542CF6690E506390E6D501C6625D88" reason="title">Description.</heading>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="7CC2A61941C0E260F1AE075C0D03FAD9">
|
||
Epiphytic shrubs,
|
||
<quantity id="BA277EAB5DE884DC621EE4D41B6C9CA1" metricMagnitude="0" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.5" metricValueMax="2.0" metricValueMin="1.0" unit="m" value="1.5" valueMax="2.0" valueMin="1.0">1–2 m</quantity>
|
||
tall, to
|
||
<quantity id="ABBCB0101A323CFCAFBB3F222127A380" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.0" unit="m" value="20.0">20 m</quantity>
|
||
high in trees; stems terete, glabrescent, occasionally (in eastern
|
||
<collectingRegion id="1E182A4B6E6CB06C968998620439AF15" country="Malaysia" name="Sabah">Sabah</collectingRegion>
|
||
, see discussion) sparsely pubescent with weak-walled transparent simple uniseriate 2–10 - celled trichomes when young, often markedly zig-zag; new growth glabrous or occasionally pubescent with transparent, simple uniseriate 8–10 - celled trichomes to
|
||
<quantity id="9442086A76F7172A348912FE76311F84" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.0" metricValueMax="10.0" metricValueMin="2.0" unit="mm" value="0.6" valueMax="1.0" valueMin="0.2">0.2–1 mm</quantity>
|
||
long; bark of older stems glabrous or glabrescent, papery-white, markedly exfoliating. Sympodial units difoliate, the leaves geminate, the leaves of a pair differing in size and occasionally in shape, the minor leaves often apparently absent. Leaves simple; blades of major leaves
|
||
<quantity id="47C09993DAF3A7DEA617FFF0C489C06B" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.4" metricValueMax="2.1" metricValueMin="0.7" unit="cm" value="14.0" valueMax="21.0" valueMin="7.0">7–21 cm</quantity>
|
||
long,
|
||
<quantity id="0720D190908107B81C0B2028240C3F50" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.2" metricValueMax="8.4" metricValueMin="2.0" unit="cm" value="5.2" valueMax="8.4" valueMin="2.0">2–8.4 cm</quantity>
|
||
wide, narrowly elliptic to elliptic, widest in the middle, concolorous and shiny, membranous or somewhat fleshy; adaxial surfaces glabrous or occasionally sparsely pubescent with simple uniseriate trichomes like those of the stems, these denser along the veins; abaxial surfaces glabrous to sparsely pubescent with simple uniseriate trichomes like those of the stems, if the lamina glabrous the trichomes confined to the principal veins and midrib; principal veins 5–6 pairs, glabrous or pubescent, the tertiary venation not visible; base acute to attenuate; margins entire; apex acute to acuminate; petiole
|
||
<quantity id="5AEBFE82F7B80704F28378D7BB38645D" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.35" metricValueMax="2.0" metricValueMin="0.7" unit="cm" value="1.35" valueMax="2.0" valueMin="0.7">0.7–2 cm</quantity>
|
||
long, fleshy, glabrous or sparsely pubescent with simple uniseriate trichomes like those of the new growth; blades of minor leaves
|
||
<quantity id="9D3F501143DD37455B5C0C6476798155" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.0" metricValueMax="3.0" metricValueMin="1.0" unit="cm" value="2.0" valueMax="3.0" valueMin="1.0">1–3 cm</quantity>
|
||
long,
|
||
<quantity id="9491139FF6447DB2D0811D2C418C496F" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.75" metricValueMax="2.5" metricValueMin="1.0" unit="cm" value="1.75" valueMax="2.5" valueMin="1.0">1–2.5 cm</quantity>
|
||
wide, elliptic to orbicular; surfaces like those of the major leaves, the minor leaves often deciduous; principal veins of minor leaves 3–4 pairs; base acute to rounded-truncate; margins entire; apex obtuse or somewhat rounded; petiole of minor leaves
|
||
<quantity id="EE350124D2648619D825E09C7BA661A4" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.0" metricValueMax="7.0" metricValueMin="5.0" unit="cm" value="0.6" valueMax="0.7" valueMin="0.5">0.5–0.7 cm</quantity>
|
||
long, glabrous or sparsely pubescent. Inflorescences axillary, in fascicles or on a short rhachis to
|
||
<quantity id="8D2235A0C453C459EF2701891294CDE4" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.0" unit="cm" value="0.5">0.5 cm</quantity>
|
||
long, with 3–8 (16) flowers, glabrous; pedicels at anthesis
|
||
<quantity id="59ABD181488371687A507492DA04ED72" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.25" metricValueMax="1.5" metricValueMin="1.0" unit="cm" value="1.25" valueMax="1.5" valueMin="1.0">1–1.5 cm</quantity>
|
||
long, ca.
|
||
<quantity id="B0FBD5E55BAABA0AB154A50B7C17909D" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.0" unit="mm" value="0.5">0.5 mm</quantity>
|
||
in diameter at the base, ca.
|
||
<quantity id="2F3EB36B246EE2CF94AD2F79FE8EF184" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" unit="mm" value="1.0">1 mm</quantity>
|
||
in diameter at the apex, spreading, glabrous and shiny or occasionally pubescent with simple uniseriate trichomes like those of the stems, articulated at the base; pedicel scars tightly packed and overlapping on the short rhachis, somewhat corky. Buds ellipsoid, the corolla completely included in the calyx tube when young, ca. halfway exserted before anthesis, the calyx appendages only apparent in bud. Flowers 5 - merous, cosexual. Calyx tube
|
||
<quantity id="2E5FFA5F9D9FA23432F3F13637B5DC95" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.0" metricValueMax="2.5" metricValueMin="1.5" unit="mm" value="2.0" valueMax="2.5" valueMin="1.5">1.5–2.5 mm</quantity>
|
||
long,
|
||
<quantity id="0BAC553ACA267591289E9E1E978EF708" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.0" metricValueMax="3.5" metricValueMin="2.5" unit="mm" value="3.0" valueMax="3.5" valueMin="2.5">2.5–3.5 mm</quantity>
|
||
wide at the mouth, obconical, glabrous or occasionally pubescent with simple uniseriate trichomes like those of the pedicels, with 5 small appendages arising ca.
|
||
<quantity id="0527E4FDCB4C0F7730A0948747A3B4FD" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.0" unit="mm" value="0.5">0.5 mm</quantity>
|
||
below the hyaline rim and only visible in bud, the appendages ca.
|
||
<quantity id="8264D3F19055ABDEC4F4983757B3FB2B" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.0" unit="mm" value="0.2">0.2 mm</quantity>
|
||
long, triangular nubs, usually perpendicular to the calyx tube, glabrous or with a few trichomes. Corolla
|
||
<quantity id="E546C6852A0D4540B683B40A843936DB" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="9.5" metricValueMax="10.0" metricValueMin="9.0" unit="cm" value="0.95" valueMax="1.0" valueMin="0.9">0.9–1 cm</quantity>
|
||
in diameter, white or pale violet (lilac), stellate, lobed nearly to the base, interpetalar tissue absent but a thin edge of tissue apparent on lobe margins, the lobes
|
||
<quantity id="F07E2734EC501F31A1018CF6C615930E" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.25" metricValueMax="4.5" metricValueMin="4.0" unit="mm" value="4.25" valueMax="4.5" valueMin="4.0">4–4.5 mm</quantity>
|
||
long,
|
||
<quantity id="552BEF31C0144F6282E6A86556E12B2F" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.6" metricValueMax="2.0" metricValueMin="1.2" unit="mm" value="1.6" valueMax="2.0" valueMin="1.2">1.2–2 mm</quantity>
|
||
wide, spreading, glabrous on both surfaces, the tips and margins densely papillate, the tips cucullate. Stamens equal; filament tube minute; free portion of the filaments ca.
|
||
<quantity id="97230DBEF463442125BF650B86058B10" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" unit="mm" value="1.0">1 mm</quantity>
|
||
long, glabrous; anthers
|
||
<quantity id="194E62B4CA0B91E157037C333F4EE402" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.15" metricValueMax="2.3" metricValueMin="2.0" unit="mm" value="2.15" valueMax="2.3" valueMin="2.0">2–2.3 mm</quantity>
|
||
long,
|
||
<quantity id="9F33A345D7108CF2844BEBA56DE2A56A" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.25" metricValueMax="1.5" metricValueMin="1.0" unit="mm" value="1.25" valueMax="1.5" valueMin="1.0">1–1.5 mm</quantity>
|
||
wide, ellipsoid and somewhat tapering, yellow, glabrous, poricidal at the tips, the pores tear-drop shaped and edged with white in dry material, lengthening to slits with age. Ovary conical, glabrous; style
|
||
<quantity id="37F2DBAA8C805B3DAFD1F67A902D29E4" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.75" metricValueMax="5.0" metricValueMin="4.5" unit="mm" value="4.75" valueMax="5.0" valueMin="4.5">4.5–5 mm</quantity>
|
||
long, exserted from the anther cone, glabrous; stigma prominently capitate, the surfaces minutely papillate. Fruit a globose berry,
|
||
<quantity id="A095FC94EEF5C45693E2CA4445871A30" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.5" metricValueMax="8.0" metricValueMin="5.0" unit="cm" value="0.65" valueMax="0.8" valueMin="0.5">0.5–0.8 cm</quantity>
|
||
in diameter, green when immature, becoming white, then orange or red when mature, the pericarp glabrous, thin, shiny, and transparent; fruiting pedicels
|
||
<quantity id="1A0D3860FBE8C5EFA9799D4D82D984D0" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.85" metricValueMax="2.2" metricValueMin="1.5" unit="cm" value="1.85" valueMax="2.2" valueMin="1.5">1.5–2.2 cm</quantity>
|
||
long,
|
||
<quantity id="33052549658A9AB2463D001284611C53" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.5" metricValueMax="10.0" metricValueMin="5.0" unit="mm" value="0.75" valueMax="1.0" valueMin="0.5">0.5–1 mm</quantity>
|
||
in diameter at the base, ca.
|
||
<quantity id="F4A853DF169C79AF1838A707838EC1F1" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.0" unit="mm" value="2.0">2 mm</quantity>
|
||
in diameter at the apex, spreading; fruiting calyx not accrescent or expanding, but remaining a cup beneath the berry,
|
||
<quantity id="DEF200D145B3136E2B511DC6C67DCE8F" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.25" metricValueMax="2.5" metricValueMin="2.0" unit="mm" value="2.25" valueMax="2.5" valueMin="2.0">2–2.5 mm</quantity>
|
||
long,
|
||
<quantity id="AC4CD304ABE6CB5ECE358F9BFE69E044" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.5" metricValueMax="4.0" metricValueMin="3.0" unit="mm" value="3.5" valueMax="4.0" valueMin="3.0">3–4 mm</quantity>
|
||
wide at the mouth. Seeds 2 (- 4) per berry,
|
||
<quantity id="3BDBF681B0C272750A04722AECC7BF1C" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.75" metricValueMax="6.0" metricValueMin="3.5" unit="mm" value="4.75" valueMax="6.0" valueMin="3.5">3.5–6 mm</quantity>
|
||
long, ca.
|
||
<quantity id="369ECC2706EA356729D2F8845698CFFE" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.5" metricValueMax="4.5" metricValueMin="2.5" unit="mm" value="3.5" valueMax="4.5" valueMin="2.5">2.5–4.5 mm</quantity>
|
||
wide, ovoid-reniform, pale straw-colored, the surfaces deeply pitted, the testal cells sinuate in outline and with prominent “ hairy ” appendages on the thickened lateral walls. Stone cells absent. Chromosome number not known.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption id="3A0A16FECF9430551CB9BE6A083A5127" ID-DOI="10.3897/phytokeys.245.121988.figure18" ID-arpha="241FCCA8-7FAF-5BB3-9F1F-D48D70A912EF" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1103811" startId="F18">
|
||
<paragraph id="82BF4FB15D06335546AA368327177D29">
|
||
<label id="AB3265E0A2DBFC0DF73A763D6B07104A">Figure 18.</label>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="A2BC0F7A8592974D8E7876CE0875D7C5">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="59DB91365AF06426CC497F802F61BAE9" authority="(Elmer) Bitter" authorityName="Bitter" baseAuthorityName="Elmer" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Solanaceae" genus="Lycianthes" kingdom="Plantae" order="Solanales" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="parasitica">
|
||
<emphasis id="642E7E515D54E5CE606F2167881B7EC7" italics="true">Lycianthes parasitica</emphasis>
|
||
(Elmer) Bitter
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
herbarium specimen. Malaysia. Sarawak,
|
||
<emphasis id="A51A8F297121B57598CB4392AD361B5C" italics="true">Brooke 9992</emphasis>
|
||
(BM 001019011).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="SECID0EYVHK" type="distribution">
|
||
<paragraph id="F920AE71D2F0D7D164EFFDEE55DCECD2">
|
||
<heading id="5F227185C5FF2925526F4C7C5F019FF8" reason="title">Distribution</heading>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8C4876CFC9647A8B87EA5F5A04674708">
|
||
<emphasis id="FDB7F2A0B58DE6870C55765CFCB1833F" bold="true">
|
||
(Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation id="3A984A1774A0C9394FCEBE2FA77DE3DA" captionStart="Figure 19" captionStartId="F19" captionText="Figure 19. Distribution of Lycianthes parasitica." figureDoi="10.3897/phytokeys.245.121988.figure19" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1103812">19</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="53203C6A76F682784209F58DA5BABC6E" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Solanaceae" genus="Lycianthes" kingdom="Plantae" order="Solanales" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="parasitica">
|
||
<emphasis id="028765BE844407BA936C1CE27A756594" italics="true">Lycianthes parasitica</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
occurs in
|
||
<collectingCountry id="A4C3CB751B55E9AEFCCF7BAA59094772" name="Brunei">Brunei Darussalam</collectingCountry>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="73F8C7BE29B23F34AAA758A17B3FC1D3" name="Indonesia">Indonesia</collectingCountry>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="BEC22BDB41CD667E55DC63C201D23F8C" name="Malaysia">Malaysia</collectingCountry>
|
||
, the
|
||
<collectingCountry id="2603FC06CDD87B49FE06747EAEBA05B2" name="Philippines">Philippines</collectingCountry>
|
||
and
|
||
<collectingCountry id="9A4D2C504D825771EC0F82B2AAC733F1" name="Thailand">Thailand</collectingCountry>
|
||
(a single sterile specimen only,
|
||
<emphasis id="0BF1C5F14628849ABAD86E7E7DC3A095" italics="true">Put Phraisurind 122</emphasis>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption id="434CF2AB2A07A5142EEFAF1FF96379B6" ID-DOI="10.3897/phytokeys.245.121988.figure19" ID-arpha="653088E5-E3D3-5B9D-A94F-6CB123627FC7" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1103812" startId="F19">
|
||
<paragraph id="E5F28C797B8767B59CB0EB02421FF4ED">
|
||
<label id="63D5733B41DFD71F5B5923C68EBE8559">Figure 19.</label>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="D9B9551D7CEBF5154BD33D928FB98315">
|
||
Distribution of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="A10ECE1AC242E00D44E3B6666692D50E" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Solanaceae" genus="Lycianthes" kingdom="Plantae" order="Solanales" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="parasitica">
|
||
<emphasis id="6409650DF42A084D122FA461A480B6F3" italics="true">Lycianthes parasitica</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="SECID0EKXHK" type="ecology">
|
||
<paragraph id="8E5FB6D7A1B2F69FF18CEA85F610E3C9">
|
||
<heading id="B15F89E0771F367A587ACEB25B7EC512" reason="title">Ecology and habitat.</heading>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="2B6B995E65111817D4B59B21103E37E6">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="E94D9CB249802E6603E1F6C20FC474BC" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Solanaceae" genus="Lycianthes" kingdom="Plantae" order="Solanales" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="parasitica">
|
||
<emphasis id="34C7033A32357E2424156EB6D5705A8E" italics="true">Lycianthes parasitica</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
grows as an epiphytic shrub in wet forests, usually at low elevations along rivers and streams and in swamp forests, from
|
||
<quantity id="13F8DC9175F0DAD797A84BC322C0DBA1" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.5" metricValueMax="10.0" metricValueMin="1.0" unit="m" value="550.0" valueMax="1000.0" valueMin="100.0">100 to 1,000 m</quantity>
|
||
elevation.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="SECID0E2XHK" type="Common names">
|
||
<paragraph id="4AB49569115358A3A8EDEE5EC6999939">
|
||
<heading id="530A0BBBC5AE2A8A11EE938779D4C08A" reason="title">Common names.</heading>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8F9190713F67BE10C76D13E7E40FCF79">
|
||
<collectingCountry id="74A0C3A06A84F53D4043ACC6DB07D433" name="Brunei">Brunei Darussalam</collectingCountry>
|
||
: usak oncom payo (Dusun language,
|
||
<emphasis id="6F2DAE9C3CB25941DB40792B621F0D78" italics="true">Bernstein 322</emphasis>
|
||
).
|
||
<collectingCountry id="CDFB6489ECD01288B6BB3458609797B2" name="Indonesia">Indonesia</collectingCountry>
|
||
.
|
||
<collectingRegion id="A841CE1D9EB46EDFDB21D91BAA3C8F1B" country="Indonesia" name="Jawa Timur">Java</collectingRegion>
|
||
: terong-an (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="2B475EC65FACFFB05C2BE640C9D92B8A" author="Blume" firstAuthor="Blume" refId="B14" refString="Blume CL (1823) Catalogus van eenige der Merkwaardigste Zoo in- als Uitheemse Gewassen te Vinden in ‘ s Lands Plantentuin te Buitenzorg. Jakarta." year="1823">Blume 1823</bibRefCitation>
|
||
);
|
||
<collectingRegion id="91E5C80F601B457D8C9E85271EE5753A" country="Indonesia" name="Sumatera Utara">Sumatra</collectingRegion>
|
||
: sarindon (
|
||
<emphasis id="427BE9E48A82B3755B294591D0E3935E" italics="true">si Boeea 6246</emphasis>
|
||
,
|
||
<emphasis id="FB21FFB12C1ECCDCC6FC8C737073F7A3" italics="true">9081</emphasis>
|
||
).
|
||
<collectingCountry id="EFF71BDBF404FDFB8F02AE70193EC60A" name="Malaysia">Malaysia</collectingCountry>
|
||
.
|
||
<collectingRegion id="8E76436B3A51C222AA38FBFABDDC4063" country="Malaysia" name="Sabah">Sabah</collectingRegion>
|
||
: akar (Bakar 25023), akar tumpeng (Sungei Kinabatangan language,
|
||
<emphasis id="796572E8E1051716EC8E93C2A3830F6B" italics="true">Enggoh 7345</emphasis>
|
||
).
|
||
<collectingCountry id="B1219724568032839CE06E152A4EB208" name="Philippines">Philippines</collectingCountry>
|
||
. Mindanao: lawmoos (Bagóbo language,
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="A4485DFCCE465FE57AF8987345BF296C" author="Elmer" firstAuthor="Elmer" journalOrPublisher="Leaflets of Philippine Botany" pagination="729-734" refId="B47" refString="Elmer ADE (1910) The genus Solanum from Mount Apo. Leaflets of Philippine Botany 2: 729–734." title="The genus Solanum from Mount Apo." volume="2" year="1910">Elmer 1910</bibRefCitation>
|
||
), sisumbidan (Manobo language,
|
||
<emphasis id="CAE64F9B5527BABEB7A183561FA6F97B" italics="true">Elmer 13572</emphasis>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="SECID0ETYHK" type="Preliminary conservation assessment">
|
||
<paragraph id="B6CCD363C5587D7A152C589ABBD81045">
|
||
<heading id="35B77646976D796414054E2637CA9B04" reason="title">Preliminary conservation assessment</heading>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="56ECA7D5A89CF2F59FFBE2827816A0F3">
|
||
<emphasis id="9CF4D7CF7B35A09D414777638192C124" bold="true">
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="DF5D7245343AF9CFE46B6A4A3249EC0E" refId="B64" refString="IUCN (2020) Guidelines for Using the IUCN Red List Categories and Criteria. Version 13. Prepared by the Standards and Petitions Subcommittee of the IUCN Species Survival Commission. http://www.iucnredlist.org/documents/RedListGuidelines.pdf" url="http://www.iucnredlist.org/documents/RedListGuidelines.pdf" year="2020">IUCN 2020</bibRefCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
<abbrev id="ABBRID0EAZHK" xlink_title="Extent of Occurrence">EOO</abbrev>
|
||
(
|
||
<quantity id="FDE45FF9EDBB195D37030245D22550A8" metricMagnitude="10" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.6990176" unit="km" value="2.6990176E7">26,990,176 km</quantity>
|
||
<superScript id="22FF2FB3B24C7003B1D55340A379F64F">2</superScript>
|
||
-
|
||
<abbrev id="ABBRID0EGZHK" xlink_title="Least Concern">LC</abbrev>
|
||
);
|
||
<abbrev id="ABBRID0EKZHK" xlink_title="Area of Occurrence">AOO</abbrev>
|
||
(
|
||
<quantity id="16BB5DFB8275BC446138601F4B4E7613" metricMagnitude="6" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.684" unit="km" value="1684.0">1,684 km</quantity>
|
||
<superScript id="95F35B73510771720F84F6090F63186B">2</superScript>
|
||
- VU).
|
||
<taxonomicName id="CA91B3E31D41FFF45E5F09A12E394117" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Solanaceae" genus="Lycianthes" kingdom="Plantae" order="Solanales" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="parasitica">
|
||
<emphasis id="756C5A33C063A90E1F66363699BE814D" italics="true">Lycianthes parasitica</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is a species known from more than five localities and is relatively widely distributed in the region, though as an epiphyte is rarely collected. Throughout the range it is known from protected areas (e. g., Mount Kinabalu and the Sepilok Forest Reserve,
|
||
<collectingRegion id="E992C5CDFFB0C5279A84C03BB196DA30" country="Malaysia" name="Sabah">Sabah</collectingRegion>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="7E126678C60216B19D45C2697BDDF6FC" name="Malaysia">Malaysia</collectingCountry>
|
||
; Sohoton National Park on Samar Island in the
|
||
<collectingCountry id="3F802DB6E5AD25268798B4F5997ED534" name="Philippines">Philippines</collectingCountry>
|
||
). The assessment of Vulnerable (VU) based on
|
||
<abbrev id="ABBRID0E2ZHK" xlink_title="Area of Occurrence">AOO</abbrev>
|
||
is likely due to collecting bias, but also due to the island nature of the distribution. I therefore assign it a preliminary status of Least Concern (
|
||
<abbrev id="ABBRID0E6ZHK" xlink_title="Least Concern">LC</abbrev>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="SECID0ED1HK" type="discussion">
|
||
<paragraph id="8FA98D4AD1E0DC28F1D95CFB2F3001BE">
|
||
<heading id="7E6812DDE7A10F338C3F746E31D0E1A0" reason="title">Discussion.</heading>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="D390D51E240B70065D8FEB35024C5529">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="5587C33A08BED901B612F34107F1111A" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Solanaceae" genus="Lycianthes" kingdom="Plantae" order="Solanales" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="parasitica">
|
||
<emphasis id="81BA22A14BCED9F0C51BD9A87B64E8CD" italics="true">Lycianthes parasitica</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is distinctive in its epiphytic habit, usually strongly zig-zagging stems with markedly exfoliating white bark and berries with few (usually only two), large seeds (Figs
|
||
<figureCitation id="6C3D19CC242D8AED897C69C98A774E83" captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="F2" captionText="Figure 2. Habit and leaves of Lycianthes in Asia A L. banahaensis (Rule s. n., Philippines; DOL 134625) B L. biflora (Pelser & Barcelona s. n., Philippines; DOL 44707) C L. lysimachioides (Nuraliev 1638, Vietnam) D L. parasitica (Saavedra s. n., Philippines; DOL 145620) E L. shunningensis (Nuraliev 2810, Vietnam). Photograph credits: A Greg Rule B Pieter B. Pelser & Julie F Barcelona C, E Maxim Nuraliev D) Aljohn J. Saavedra. DOL numbers are identifiers from PhytoImages (https://phytoimages.siu.edu). Details of collecting localities can be found in Suppl. material 2." figureDoi="10.3897/phytokeys.245.121988.figure2" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1103795">2 D</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="3F49166C3276E561CD0F50BC499B82BD" captionStart="Figure 5" captionStartId="F5" captionText="Figure 5. Fruits of Lycianthes in Asia A L. banahaensis showing the opaque pericarp, lenticellate pedicel and small nub-like calyx appendages (Rule s. n., Philippines; DOL 134667) B L. biflora showing sequence of fruiting ripening and elongate calyx appendages (Nuraliev 182 a, Vietnam) C L. biflora plant with short calyx appendages and little pubescence (Pelser & Barcelona s. n., Philippines; DOL 44710) D L. parasitica showing the small inflorescence axes and berries changing from white to orange with ripening (Tandang s. n., Philippines; DOL 76584) E L. parasitica cross-section of berry showing the two seeds (Pelser & Barcelona s. n., Philippines; DOL 84746) F L. shunningensis showing unripe berry and strongly reflexed calyx appendages (Averyanov et al. 887, Laos). Photograph credits: A Greg Rule B Maxim Nuraliev C, E Pieter B. Pelser & Julie F. Barcelona D Danilo Tandang F Leonid Averyanov. DOL numbers are identifiers from PhytoImages (https://phytoimages.siu.edu). Details of collecting localities can be found in Suppl. material 2." figureDoi="10.3897/phytokeys.245.121988.figure5" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1103798">5 E</figureCitation>
|
||
). The epiphytic habit has evolved independently several times in the
|
||
<taxonomicName id="03D603E61C675EC521E9E06F1E1CCCFB" authority="(Orejuela 2021)" baseAuthorityName="Orejuela" baseAuthorityYear="2021" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Solanaceae" kingdom="Plantae" order="Solanales" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="family">
|
||
Solanaceae (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="A0C5CD8D6786C9D2615C7A464A6385D7" author="Orejuela" firstAuthor="Orejuela" refId="B100" refString="Orejuela A (2021) Evolution of epiphytism in Solanaceae. PhD thesis, University of Edinburgh / Royal Botanic Garden Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom." year="2021">Orejuela 2021</bibRefCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. The leaves are shiny on the adaxial surfaces and quite fleshy, in dried specimens the lower orders of venation are barely visible. In flower it is possible that
|
||
<taxonomicName id="593F2ECF245537D4262E5F6B8D81C13E" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Solanaceae" genus="Lycianthes" kingdom="Plantae" order="Solanales" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="parasitica">
|
||
<emphasis id="0665CEEFE30404880E4227DA3935693D" italics="true">L. parasitica</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
could be confused with
|
||
<taxonomicName id="2B3313CFBB7CFEB18486250E9BD28FF1" authorityName="Bitter, Abh. Naturwiss. Verein" authorityYear="1919" baseAuthorityName="Dunal" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Solanaceae" genus="Lycianthes" kingdom="Plantae" order="Solanales" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="laevis">
|
||
<emphasis id="6D75039A4C57E7751F04AE9A9555ACD1" italics="true">L. laevis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, which similarly has 5 calyx appendages, but that species is a shrub, not an epiphyte, has larger flowers and berries with more than 20 rather than only 2 or 3 seeds. The calyx appendages of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="D24247074A1EB11930BA9224CF89A8B8" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Solanaceae" genus="Lycianthes" kingdom="Plantae" order="Solanales" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="parasitica">
|
||
<emphasis id="EA6BF95083A4C4BF2AD26853556223D1" italics="true">L. parasitica</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
are usually not prominent in flower (Figs
|
||
<figureCitation id="D245CCEB3792EE670AC837259B095B82" captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="F3" captionText="Figure 3. Calyx appendage variation of Lycianthes in Asia A L. biflora with 10 equal calyx appendages (Nuraliev s. n, Vietnam [no voucher]) B L. laevis with 5 calyx appendages (Mustaqim s. n., Indonesia; DOL 207886) C L. parasitica with small, nub-like calyx appendages (Pelser & Barcelona s. n., Philippines; DOL 84744) D L. oliveriana with thick, warty calyces with no appendages (Damas et al. SAJ- 1050, Papua New Guinea) E L. schizocalyx with long flower pedicels and 10 unequal calyx appendages (Heyer s. n., Philippines; DOL 151906) F L. shunningensis with 10 strongly reflexed calyx appendages (Averyanov 887, Laos). Photograph credits: A Maxim Nuraliev B Wendy Mustaqim C Pieter B. Pelser & Julie F. Barcelona D Shelley James E Philippe Heyer F Leonid Averyanov. DOL numbers are identifiers from PhytoImages (https://phytoimages.siu.edu). Details of collecting localities can be found in Suppl. material 2." figureDoi="10.3897/phytokeys.245.121988.figure3" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1103796">3 C</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="45E0785679BF1F4F899E50894CDA0A9D" captionStart="Figure 4" captionStartId="F4" captionText="Figure 4. Flowers of Lycianthes in Asia A L. banahaensis with tetramerous yellow flowers, note the stigma sitting almost within the anther tube (Rule s. n., Philippines; DOL 134710) B L. biflora with membranous corolla lobes and a minutely capitate stigma (Knapp et al. 10106, China) C L. laevis flower with green blotches at the base of the corolla lobes (Mustaqim s. n., Indonesia; DOL 207828) D L. parasitica flower with spreading corolla lobes and capitate stigma (Tandang s. n., Philippines; DOL 76576597) E L. rantonnetii rotate corolla with orange, slightly curved anthers (Stevenson s. n., cultivated in Mexico; DOL 183568) F L. shunningensis with very short reflexed calyx appendages and cucullate corolla lobe tips (Nuraliev et al. 2810, Vietnam). Photograph credits: A Greg Rule B Sandra Knapp C Wendy Mustaqim D Danilo Tandang; E Dennis Stevenson F Maxim Nuraliev. DOL numbers are identifiers from PhytoImages (https://phytoimages.siu.edu). Details of collecting localities can be found in Suppl. material 2." figureDoi="10.3897/phytokeys.245.121988.figure4" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1103797">4 D</figureCitation>
|
||
). The berries of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="A5DA9FA33F199A70FE3F57E687C0C4EE" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Solanaceae" genus="Lycianthes" kingdom="Plantae" order="Solanales" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="parasitica">
|
||
<emphasis id="7A8DA5F51ADADD5333589C4FF7E2D203" italics="true">L. parasitica</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
change from green to white, then orange or bright red during maturation (Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation id="560CE00B97EB7E1AB1F7082B2399A669" captionStart="Figure 5" captionStartId="F5" captionText="Figure 5. Fruits of Lycianthes in Asia A L. banahaensis showing the opaque pericarp, lenticellate pedicel and small nub-like calyx appendages (Rule s. n., Philippines; DOL 134667) B L. biflora showing sequence of fruiting ripening and elongate calyx appendages (Nuraliev 182 a, Vietnam) C L. biflora plant with short calyx appendages and little pubescence (Pelser & Barcelona s. n., Philippines; DOL 44710) D L. parasitica showing the small inflorescence axes and berries changing from white to orange with ripening (Tandang s. n., Philippines; DOL 76584) E L. parasitica cross-section of berry showing the two seeds (Pelser & Barcelona s. n., Philippines; DOL 84746) F L. shunningensis showing unripe berry and strongly reflexed calyx appendages (Averyanov et al. 887, Laos). Photograph credits: A Greg Rule B Maxim Nuraliev C, E Pieter B. Pelser & Julie F. Barcelona D Danilo Tandang F Leonid Averyanov. DOL numbers are identifiers from PhytoImages (https://phytoimages.siu.edu). Details of collecting localities can be found in Suppl. material 2." figureDoi="10.3897/phytokeys.245.121988.figure5" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1103798">5 D</figureCitation>
|
||
), whereas those of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="7172760FFE83BC43529E94EBD08D2BC0" authorityName="Bitter, Abh. Naturwiss. Verein" authorityYear="1919" baseAuthorityName="Dunal" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Solanaceae" genus="Lycianthes" kingdom="Plantae" order="Solanales" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="laevis">
|
||
<emphasis id="BF153F0687A6A6E66B001F7B18F0A482" italics="true">L. laevis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
turn only from green to orange or red (Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation id="7EE5E3853F584A966FB87D121E796BCA" captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="F2" captionText="Figure 2. Habit and leaves of Lycianthes in Asia A L. banahaensis (Rule s. n., Philippines; DOL 134625) B L. biflora (Pelser & Barcelona s. n., Philippines; DOL 44707) C L. lysimachioides (Nuraliev 1638, Vietnam) D L. parasitica (Saavedra s. n., Philippines; DOL 145620) E L. shunningensis (Nuraliev 2810, Vietnam). Photograph credits: A Greg Rule B Pieter B. Pelser & Julie F Barcelona C, E Maxim Nuraliev D) Aljohn J. Saavedra. DOL numbers are identifiers from PhytoImages (https://phytoimages.siu.edu). Details of collecting localities can be found in Suppl. material 2." figureDoi="10.3897/phytokeys.245.121988.figure2" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1103795">2 B</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="26CF59B03D508C98413D0763DDD7981B">
|
||
The minor leaves of the geminate pair are often deciduous in older stems of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="B008148632A5B042557F63BBBC598C28" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Solanaceae" genus="Lycianthes" kingdom="Plantae" order="Solanales" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="parasitica">
|
||
<emphasis id="0B7BE1E7B08F1030F77C315CF393AF29" italics="true">L. parasitica</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
; this was the principal feature used by
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="74F6C3D6BA4A713FF775EC282AC387AF" author="Merrill ED" firstAuthor="Merrill" refId="B88" refString="Merrill ED (1912) New or noteworthy Philippine plants, IX. Philippine Journal of Science 7 (C, Botany): 259–357." year="1912">Merrill (1912)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
in distinguishing his new species
|
||
<taxonomicName id="AA0C12A1047B16012A408ADA77E352C5" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Solanaceae" genus="Solanum" kingdom="Plantae" order="Solanales" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="epiphyticum">
|
||
<emphasis id="1D5D9DD83EC4216BCF0086ED7719CA0C" italics="true">S. epiphyticum</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="782F78711DB606D8FA01C371071ABCA1">
|
||
In the Sandakan area of
|
||
<collectingRegion id="C4A106EA2BA43726FA0B7FBCDD4D2100" country="Malaysia" name="Sabah">Sabah</collectingRegion>
|
||
(Malaysian Borneo) several collections of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="2B1F9B409F1A9C28756710793653421C" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Solanaceae" genus="Lycianthes" kingdom="Plantae" order="Solanales" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="parasitica">
|
||
<emphasis id="6ED74BDD5E111F53B6C438AA89D71159" italics="true">L. parasitica</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(e. g.,
|
||
<emphasis id="9A658A97DB6BA5FD233AB9F572FDAD5E" italics="true">Evangelista 883</emphasis>
|
||
,
|
||
<emphasis id="6F79222C2A2EC54EC288DE77A821C914" italics="true">Pereira & Postar SAN- 151226</emphasis>
|
||
and
|
||
<emphasis id="F74A8750EFAF09F9B1BAC57A0324991B" italics="true">Sinclair 9347</emphasis>
|
||
) are distinctive in being densely pubescent with simple uniseriate trichomes on all parts. These collections correspond to the glabrous individuals of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="9EE9E7ECD53DF91153D1F76272A1EB43" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Solanaceae" genus="Lycianthes" kingdom="Plantae" order="Solanales" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="parasitica">
|
||
<emphasis id="56F2E5D49D4F0776C9E8991A963487FF" italics="true">L. parasitica</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
in flower and leaf size and in numbers of seeds in berries, so I have retained them here, recognising that pubescence in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="44514DBC1D220621178492677B28A4BE" authorityName="Georg Bitter" authorityYear="1919" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Solanaceae" genus="Lycianthes" kingdom="Plantae" order="Solanales" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="FE193532C4484772678A06D998F899BF" italics="true">Lycianthes</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
in Asia is extremely variable. Further investigation of these populations would be of interest.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="25E7393EED814F6BAE71446DC4D0772A">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="135B07C8C80C2AC443CB05087D95081F" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Solanaceae" genus="Solanum" kingdom="Plantae" order="Solanales" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="parasiticum">
|
||
<emphasis id="39BD7BA05729B47472BBCE69B8ACA58C" italics="true">Solanum parasiticum</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
was described in a footnote to a species list of plants found near the botanic gardens in Bogor (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="9B98DF4108B41DF28491BDF997221B5A" author="Blume" firstAuthor="Blume" refId="B14" refString="Blume CL (1823) Catalogus van eenige der Merkwaardigste Zoo in- als Uitheemse Gewassen te Vinden in ‘ s Lands Plantentuin te Buitenzorg. Jakarta." year="1823">Blume 1823</bibRefCitation>
|
||
) without citation of specimens, nor were specimens cited in his later treatment (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="A5330DBEA3325BE354E899206F9FA01D" DOI="10.5962/bhl.title.115427" author="Blume" firstAuthor="Blume" refId="B15" refString="Blume CL (1826) Bijdragen tot de flora van Nederlandsch Indië, Ter Lands Drukkererij, Jakarta [Batavia]. https://doi.org/10.5962/bhl.title.115427" year="1826">Blume 1826</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). No specimens collected by Blume are extant in the Bogor herbarium (A. Kartonegoro, pers. comm.). When he left
|
||
<collectingCountry id="A5C58C6605CAFD1F24E43AE40AE38758" name="Indonesia">Indonesia</collectingCountry>
|
||
for
|
||
<collectingCountry id="51BE05ABDBE435E6F31891572373C684" name="Netherlands">the Netherlands</collectingCountry>
|
||
Blume took with him several cases of specimens he and others had collected (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="A02D01640F008E26CE1335C2E1251BF3" author="van Steenis" editor="van Steenis CCGJ & de Wilde WJJO" firstAuthor="van Steenis" journalOrPublisher="Volume 10, part 4. Kluwer Academic Publishers, Dordrecht, Boston, London" pagination="7-41" refId="B127" refString="van Steenis CCGJ (1989) Dedication [to Carl Ludwig von Blume]. In: van Steenis CCGJ, de Wilde WJJO (Eds) Flora Malesiana. Volume 10, part 4. Kluwer Academic Publishers, Dordrecht, Boston, London, 7–41. https://repository.naturalis.nl/pub/532577/FM1S1984010001001.pdf" title="Dedication [to Carl Ludwig von Blume]." url="https://repository.naturalis.nl/pub/532577/FM1S1984010001001.pdf" volumeTitle="Flora Malesiana." year="1989">van Steenis 1989</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). I have selected a
|
||
<typeStatus id="CFCE13FD3378C497748523B91145A041" type="neotype">neotype</typeStatus>
|
||
from among the specimens at Leiden (
|
||
<emphasis id="6D6FE1A772AE92758CF92B34FDABB97D" italics="true">Blume s. n</emphasis>
|
||
., L 0003603) corresponding to the description in the protologue.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="174149FA4EE060C64D1D8A90278A0D1A">
|
||
Like other species described by
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="376B72237FD9961013D7D5DD9B404CDD" author="Elmer ADE" firstAuthor="Elmer" journalOrPublisher="Leaflets of Philippine Botany" pagination="729-734" refId="B47" refString="Elmer ADE (1910) The genus Solanum from Mount Apo. Leaflets of Philippine Botany 2: 729–734." title="The genus Solanum from Mount Apo." volume="2" year="1910">Elmer (1910)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, no herbarium was cited in the protologue of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="8C5881A68105A478899CBD14EBA650EC" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Solanaceae" genus="Solanum" kingdom="Plantae" order="Solanales" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="angatii">
|
||
<emphasis id="178CEA5725037C3891B1ECB348B9914A" italics="true">S. angatii</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. I have selected the best preserved of the duplicates of the single collection cited (
|
||
<emphasis id="5378AD73A5D6FC3E8D0024D5EE0545A5" italics="true">Elmer 10762</emphasis>
|
||
) as the
|
||
<typeStatus id="1EDE76A51A8928EBAEEFBEC4FF6AE8A8" type="lectotype">lectotype</typeStatus>
|
||
. This species was named in honour of Elmer’s Bagóbo guide Angat from the village of Todaya, for whom he had great praise (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="9AAC1EFFDD4C75A657A456055680477B" author="Elmer" firstAuthor="Elmer" journalOrPublisher="Leaflets of Philippine Botany" pagination="729-734" refId="B47" refString="Elmer ADE (1910) The genus Solanum from Mount Apo. Leaflets of Philippine Botany 2: 729–734." title="The genus Solanum from Mount Apo." volume="2" year="1910">Elmer 1910</bibRefCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="19A033F651F74619578177F68C6289D1">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="59E36BC05BD95CD4964981BEF3209B75" author="Merrill ED" firstAuthor="Merrill" refId="B88" refString="Merrill ED (1912) New or noteworthy Philippine plants, IX. Philippine Journal of Science 7 (C, Botany): 259–357." year="1912">Merrill (1912)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
described
|
||
<taxonomicName id="D2264B1FA5728605CED3BFE05431FC94" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Solanaceae" genus="Solanum" kingdom="Plantae" order="Solanales" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="epiphyticum">
|
||
<emphasis id="4E3BA96363C5DAA0AF91837037A6A4D4" italics="true">S. epiphyticum</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
from several collections, citing one of them (“
|
||
<emphasis id="D911519DD8D809C24F403D20C98ABD3B" italics="true">Cuming 873</emphasis>
|
||
”) as “ type ”, but with no herbarium mentioned. There are no collections of
|
||
<emphasis id="031646641531A67D34C98AE09A6C6B0B" italics="true">Cuming 873</emphasis>
|
||
that are
|
||
<taxonomicName id="D975C9EF3181A9168DCD5062CE8B4EE0" baseAuthorityName="Orejuela" baseAuthorityYear="2021" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Solanaceae" kingdom="Plantae" order="Solanales" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="family">Solanaceae</taxonomicName>
|
||
, but
|
||
<emphasis id="7589DC3AE2267C2A5FAD1C50ACA576A9" italics="true">Cuming 837</emphasis>
|
||
is from the type locality, and I am considering
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="A8E15935CF02703EF4F927AFAA53B0C2" author="Merrill ED" firstAuthor="Merrill's" refId="B88" refString="Merrill ED (1912) New or noteworthy Philippine plants, IX. Philippine Journal of Science 7 (C, Botany): 259–357." year="1912">Merrill’s (1912)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
citation of “
|
||
<emphasis id="A1CA08A1352155C629D9B1C6EB505A85" italics="true">Cuming 837</emphasis>
|
||
” as an error to be corrected. Since the herbarium in
|
||
<collectingRegion id="CD9A33AE530BCC2357355B9C3265D2E5" country="Philippines" name="Manila">Manila</collectingRegion>
|
||
was burnt during the Second World War and all specimens held there were destroyed (see discussion under
|
||
<taxonomicName id="CEB17BD34C7DFC28DEE2B56601E4F69B" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Solanaceae" genus="Lycianthes" kingdom="Plantae" order="Solanales" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="banahaensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="1DF5AB9C01842586D389CECB68C9F006" italics="true">L. banahaensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
), I have selected the sheet at BM (BM 001018999) as the
|
||
<typeStatus id="3A4AEF4746A965FE98C17818E1141E7F" type="lectotype">lectotype</typeStatus>
|
||
; it has well-preserved material with both flowers and fruits.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="19BF440F9FCC342B9DB44D25F0E69327">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="575995F8E519639DD8D67D0AFCC65416" author="Bitter G" firstAuthor="Bitter" journalOrPublisher="Abhandlungen Herausgegeben vom Naturwissenschaftlichen Vereins zu Bremen [preprint]" pagination="292-520" refId="B12" refString="Bitter G (1919) Die Gattung Lycianthes. Abhandlungen Herausgegeben vom Naturwissenschaftlichen Vereins zu Bremen [preprint] 24: 292–520." title="Die Gattung Lycianthes." volume="24" year="1919">Bitter (1919)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
synonymised
|
||
<taxonomicName id="5A07AE52B64B269A71A939CEC2136633" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Solanaceae" genus="Solanum" kingdom="Plantae" order="Solanales" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="angatii">
|
||
<emphasis id="97AD715ADC8B7597B9D46DDB1E972C4A" italics="true">S. angatii</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="8809ACD8EB6651F6DE3B3BFDA639F384" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Solanaceae" genus="Solanum" kingdom="Plantae" order="Solanales" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="epiphyticum">
|
||
<emphasis id="DF999BEC7F6A17F0B259FB01501103D0" italics="true">S. epiphyticum</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
under his concept of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="BF495E0FD929E6E395BDB5C61877D702" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Solanaceae" genus="Lycianthes" kingdom="Plantae" order="Solanales" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="parastica">
|
||
<emphasis id="2397627D82460766058F03787B1FACF2" italics="true">L. parastica</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, and described two additional infraspecific taxa, vars.
|
||
<emphasis id="0725D8EFA4D8535216A09592AE9AC173" italics="true">campylorhachis</emphasis>
|
||
and
|
||
<emphasis id="597FBD85EBC654977FC7D13F587F97C9" italics="true">praelongipedicellata</emphasis>
|
||
. He cited a single specimen from Bogor (“ Koorders 40378 β! (hb. Bogor) ”) for
|
||
<taxonomicName id="071D9538DDC1DA3BF82CAF776179DD50" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Solanaceae" genus="Lycianthes" kingdom="Plantae" order="Solanales" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="variety" species="parasitica" variety="campylorhachis">
|
||
var.
|
||
<emphasis id="C77A9264F71F760FBD94CFDACFE4E0A1" italics="true">campylorhachis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
; I have selected the best preserved and most complete of the three duplicates of this collection (BO acc. # BO- 1414436) as the
|
||
<typeStatus id="DD7059DB17808911A571B8E864157821" type="lectotype">lectotype</typeStatus>
|
||
. A collection made by the cousins Karl F. and Paul B. Sarasin (“ it. celeb. Sarasinorum n. 375! ”) from
|
||
<collectingRegion id="C913BE22CCAC93D14043BCB13B287519" country="Germany" name="Berlin">Berlin</collectingRegion>
|
||
was cited by
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="C70ED01ED4783B0F47A92780AF7EE891" author="Bitter G" firstAuthor="Bitter" journalOrPublisher="Abhandlungen Herausgegeben vom Naturwissenschaftlichen Vereins zu Bremen [preprint]" pagination="292-520" refId="B12" refString="Bitter G (1919) Die Gattung Lycianthes. Abhandlungen Herausgegeben vom Naturwissenschaftlichen Vereins zu Bremen [preprint] 24: 292–520." title="Die Gattung Lycianthes." volume="24" year="1919">Bitter (1919)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
for
|
||
<taxonomicName id="3B35FD045B6D1321B5622C2D39F5F8C6" rank="variety" variety="praelongipedicellatum">
|
||
var.
|
||
<emphasis id="127B2EF8466BCAC90633D233160CF565" italics="true">praelongipedicellatum</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
;
|
||
<collectingRegion id="F47EE26AD1D18D47E26ED1E6DF25F556" country="Germany" name="Berlin">Berlin</collectingRegion>
|
||
specimens were destroyed and most of this material is lost (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="1278D288DA9D00109DEA3390CFB5303B" author="van Steenis-Kruseman MJ" refId="B128" refString="van Steenis-Kruseman MJ (1985) Malaysian plant collectors and collections, being a cyclopedia of botanical exploration in Malaysia. [originally published 1950 in Djakarta]. Martinius Nijhoff (Kluwer Academic Publishers), Boston, Dordrecht, Lancaster." year="1985">van Steenis Kruseman 1985</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). I have seen no duplicates of any Sarasin collections. A
|
||
<typeStatus id="31D7E0C48B67219D20C268DCE057167E" type="neotype">neotype</typeStatus>
|
||
should be sought from the area where the type was gathered (
|
||
<ext-link id="F7EC3F5E2F6BA6606C23A2B1FF9B912B" ext-link-type="uri" xlink_href="https://openlibrary.org/books/OL16289390M/Reisen_in_Celebes#overview" xlink_type="simple">
|
||
https://openlibrary.org/books/OL16289390M/Reisen_in_
|
||
<collectingRegion id="6C8E068407904EE66688AA388DE3FECA" country="Indonesia" name="Sulawesi Utara">Celebes</collectingRegion>
|
||
#overview
|
||
</ext-link>
|
||
), I have seen no specimens of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="1C5D575C26E1D70D7D05F82F7D9C1A8D" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Solanaceae" genus="Lycianthes" kingdom="Plantae" order="Solanales" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="parasitica">
|
||
<emphasis id="1831673087441E9AC357B8CE78E177A3" italics="true">L. parasitica</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
from
|
||
<collectingRegion id="0AE555B42E857F5AD1E8DD3529850985" country="Indonesia" name="Sulawesi Utara">Sulawesi</collectingRegion>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="CFEB4AFA20B1DA1A46B240D59498E82B">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="4D92D9C8C3C0FDB44E5868E5AFD85B0A" DOI="10.1002/fedr.19220181908" author="Bitter G" firstAuthor="Bitter" issue="19-30" journalOrPublisher="Feddes Repertorium Specierum Novarum Regni Vegetabilis" pagination="314-321" refId="B13" refString="Bitter G (1922) Ergänzungen zu Lycianthes. I. Feddes Repertorium Specierum Novarum Regni Vegetabilis 18 (19–30): 314–321. https://doi.org/10.1002/fedr.19220181908" title="Ergänzungen zu Lycianthes. I." volume="18" year="1922">Bitter (1922)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
later described
|
||
<taxonomicName id="232D20CC1DB2A045D2C3D33E837FC3CF" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Solanaceae" genus="Lycianthes" kingdom="Plantae" order="Solanales" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="variety" species="parasitica" variety="plurifolia">
|
||
<emphasis id="B1DE643FF9F72919D10A5071978D41D8" italics="true">L. parasitica var. plurifolia</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, citing a single specimen in “ herb. Delessert ”, held in G; in the absence of any evidence that he could have seen others of this collection (
|
||
<emphasis id="28CB2C36DD48CC4D34D5A23826F6F72D" italics="true">Wenzel 500</emphasis>
|
||
), I suggest the specimen at G (G 00415812) is the
|
||
<typeStatus id="3A490D2D632CE8F24FF38128656B9893" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |