1203 lines
132 KiB
XML
1203 lines
132 KiB
XML
<document id="545AEFCA641278C8669D084D267CA035" ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.3925.4.3" ID-GBIF-Dataset="ca5660a0-ad3b-4e02-9831-be44e4e7e1cc" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="232629" ID-ZooBank="F02FAC72-AD74-496D-9811-B8B4313A783E" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="existingObjects,plazi" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1461005214749" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Muricy, Guilherme, Esteves, Eduardo L., Monteiro, Leandro C., Rodrigues, Beatriz Roma & Albano, Rodolpho M." docDate="2015" docId="CD0A878E3D2D8E65FF297979FD88F82D" docLanguage="en" docName="zt03925p550.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 3925 (4)" docStyle="DocumentStyle:647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D.9:Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleId="647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="9" docTitle="Haliclona (Rhizoniera) fugidia Muricy, Esteves, Monteiro, Rodrigues & Albano, 2015, sp. nov." docType="treatment" docVersion="10" lastPageNumber="542" masterDocId="3133FFF63D2E8E63FFBE7D4FFFC1FFF0" masterDocTitle="A new species of Haliclona (Demospongiae: Haplosclerida: Chalinidae) from southeastern Brazil and the first record of Haliclona vansoesti from the Brazilian coast" masterLastPageNumber="550" masterPageNumber="536" pageNumber="539" updateTime="1698565411041" updateUser="plazi">
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<mods:title id="4A0344E6AFFCDE061DFA1C0D5133C73D">A new species of Haliclona (Demospongiae: Haplosclerida: Chalinidae) from southeastern Brazil and the first record of Haliclona vansoesti from the Brazilian coast</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="DC37274E2C1F700B4016D0E7E976A367">Muricy, Guilherme</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="B19648AFDA53921D50A6B52DC4046EC5">Esteves, Eduardo L.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="712CE60273433664A7A91396A36C47E9">Monteiro, Leandro C.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="1C18EDA505F36AE8F569C9420DC5F353">Rodrigues, Beatriz Roma</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="82FC397A4438857D648CBFFCA6BB9480">Albano, Rodolpho M.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:typeOfResource id="17EC451DBACC959AF778D76342BF8EB6">text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:date id="F5281E4785994A572F58DDFEB2CDCE50">2015</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="00348AA866CAD9ED9C7BB3A7B6E08E88">3925</mods:number>
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<treatment id="CD0A878E3D2D8E65FF297979FD88F82D" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5618318" ID-GBIF-Taxon="119598975" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5618318" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:CD0A878E3D2D8E65FF297979FD88F82D" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/CD0A878E3D2D8E65FF297979FD88F82D" lastPageId="6" lastPageNumber="542" pageId="3" pageNumber="539">
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<subSubSection id="0DB965133D2D8E60FF297979FEA8FB82" pageId="3" pageNumber="539" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="451C36983D2D8E60FF297979FDB3FBA0" blockId="3.[151,626,1078,1138]" box="[151,626,1078,1104]" pageId="3" pageNumber="539">
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<heading id="1E5481F43D2D8E60FF297979FDB3FBA0" bold="true" box="[151,626,1078,1104]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="3" pageNumber="539" reason="1">
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<emphasis id="77D7EA8A3D2D8E60FF297979FDB3FBA0" bold="true" box="[151,626,1078,1104]" pageId="3" pageNumber="539">
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<taxonomicName id="82A34D1B3D2D8E60FF297979FDCCFBA0" ID-CoL="3JCDZ" box="[151,525,1078,1104]" class="Demospongiae" family="Chalinidae" genus="Haliclona" kingdom="Animalia" order="Haplosclerida" pageId="3" pageNumber="539" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="fugidia" status="sp. nov." subGenus="Rhizoniera">
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<emphasis id="77D7EA8A3D2D8E60FF297979FDCCFBA0" bold="true" box="[151,525,1078,1104]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="539">Haliclona (Rhizoniera) fugidia</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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<taxonomicNameLabel id="6CE457F13D2D8E60FDAA7979FDB3FBA0" box="[532,626,1078,1104]" pageId="3" pageNumber="539" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
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</emphasis>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="451C36983D2D8E60FF297916FEA8FB82" blockId="3.[151,626,1078,1138]" box="[151,361,1113,1138]" pageId="3" pageNumber="539">
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(
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<figureCitation id="DD982A1D3D2D8E60FF207916FEC0FB82" box="[158,257,1113,1138]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="4.[151,250,1149,1171]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,449,1127]" captionTargetId="figure@4.[151,1436,449,1128]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURE 2. Haliclona (Rhizoniera) fugidia sp. nov. A, holotype MNRJ 16846 in vivo. B, transverse section of the ectosome (surface at the top). C, tangential section of the ectosome. D, E, transverse sections through choanosome and ectosome (surface at the top). F, oxeas (SEM). G, embryos. A – C, E – G, MNRJ 16846; D, MNRJ 16860 - B." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/232631/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="539">Figure 2</figureCitation>
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;
|
||
<tableCitation id="082103233D2D8E60FEB37916FE9FFB82" box="[269,350,1113,1138]" captionStart="TABLE 1" captionStartId="4.[151,239,152,175]" captionTargetBox="[159,1244,268,372]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="TABLE 1. Spicule measurements (oxeas length and width in µm) of the type specimens of Haliclona (Rhizoniera) fugidia sp. nov. from Rio de Janeiro State, SE Brazil. Measurements are expressed as minimum – average (± standard deviation) – maximum. N = 30." httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/11DC66103D2A8E67FF297DD7FE1AFF00" pageId="3" pageNumber="539" tableUuid="11DC66103D2A8E67FF297DD7FE1AFF00">Table 1</tableCitation>
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)
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</paragraph>
|
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="0DB965133D2D8E60FF2979EEFF27FA9E" pageId="3" pageNumber="539" type="diagnosis">
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<paragraph id="451C36983D2D8E60FF2979EEFF27FA9E" blockId="3.[151,1437,1185,2005]" pageId="3" pageNumber="539">
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<emphasis id="77D7EA8A3D2D8E60FF2979EEFED0FB4A" bold="true" box="[151,273,1185,1210]" pageId="3" pageNumber="539">Diagnosis.</emphasis>
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<taxonomicName id="82A34D1B3D2D8E60FEA679EEFDDDFB4A" authority="(Rhizoniera)" baseAuthorityName="Rhizoniera" box="[280,540,1185,1210]" class="Demospongiae" family="Chalinidae" genus="Haliclona" kingdom="Animalia" order="Haplosclerida" pageId="3" pageNumber="539" phylum="Porifera" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="77D7EA8A3D2D8E60FEA679EEFE49FB49" box="[280,392,1185,1209]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="539">Haliclona</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<emphasis id="77D7EA8A3D2D8E60FE2679EEFDD2FB49" box="[408,531,1185,1209]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="539">Rhizoniera</emphasis>
|
||
)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
brownish-pink to salmon in color, thickly encrusting, without oscular tubes and without tangential ectosomal reticulation. The ectosomal skeleton is absent and the surface is thin, translucent and pierced by abundant pores, clearly visible in LM. The choanosomal skeleton is a uni- to paucispicular, ladder-like reticulation of oxeas with low spongin, more organized near the sponge surface and denser and more disorganized, sub-halichondrioid in the interior of the sponge. Oxeas fusiform, acerate, 86–124 µm in length. Microscleres absent.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
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||
<subSubSection id="0DB965133D2D8E60FF797836FB1EFA46" pageId="3" pageNumber="539" type="materials_examined">
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<paragraph id="451C36983D2D8E60FF797836FB1EFA46" blockId="3.[151,1437,1185,2005]" pageId="3" pageNumber="539">
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<emphasis id="77D7EA8A3D2D8E60FF797836FE70FA62" bold="true" box="[199,433,1401,1426]" pageId="3" pageNumber="539">Material examined.</emphasis>
|
||
<typeStatus id="9A18883A3D2D8E60FE067836FDE4FA62" box="[440,549,1401,1426]" pageId="3" pageNumber="539" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
:
|
||
<collectionCode id="23B2AE5D3D2D8E60FD917835FDBBFA61" box="[559,634,1402,1425]" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/zi1i-a0b5" name="Museu Nacional/Universidade Federal de Rio de Janeiro" pageId="3" pageNumber="539">MNRJ</collectionCode>
|
||
16846, Vermelha Beach, Rio de Janeiro,
|
||
<quantity id="825B9B7D3D2D8E60FBF07835FBB8FA61" box="[1102,1145,1402,1426]" metricMagnitude="0" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.0" pageId="3" pageNumber="539" unit="m" value="4.0">4 m</quantity>
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||
depth, coll. Jessica Pinho & Guilherme Muricy,
|
||
<date id="311D10583D2D8E60FE2F78D2FDDEFA46" box="[401,543,1437,1462]" pageId="3" pageNumber="539" value="2013-07-07">July 7, 2013</date>
|
||
.
|
||
<typeStatus id="9A18883A3D2D8E60FD9778D1FD4EFA46" box="[553,655,1438,1462]" pageId="3" pageNumber="539" type="paratype">Paratype</typeStatus>
|
||
:
|
||
<collectionCode id="23B2AE5D3D2D8E60FD2778D1FD25FA45" box="[665,740,1438,1461]" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/zi1i-a0b5" name="Museu Nacional/Universidade Federal de Rio de Janeiro" pageId="3" pageNumber="539">MNRJ</collectionCode>
|
||
16860-B, collection data as for the
|
||
<typeStatus id="9A18883A3D2D8E60FBCB78D2FB1AFA46" box="[1141,1243,1437,1462]" pageId="3" pageNumber="539" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="0DB965133D2D8E67FF79788EFDC5FA35" lastPageId="4" lastPageNumber="540" pageId="3" pageNumber="539" type="description">
|
||
<paragraph id="451C36983D2D8E60FF79788EFD22F9B6" blockId="3.[151,1437,1185,2005]" pageId="3" pageNumber="539">
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<emphasis id="77D7EA8A3D2D8E60FF79788EFE90FA2A" bold="true" box="[199,337,1473,1498]" pageId="3" pageNumber="539">Description</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation id="DD982A1D3D2D8E60FEDD788EFE68FA2A" box="[355,425,1473,1498]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="4.[151,250,1149,1171]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,449,1127]" captionTargetId="figure@4.[151,1436,449,1128]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURE 2. Haliclona (Rhizoniera) fugidia sp. nov. A, holotype MNRJ 16846 in vivo. B, transverse section of the ectosome (surface at the top). C, tangential section of the ectosome. D, E, transverse sections through choanosome and ectosome (surface at the top). F, oxeas (SEM). G, embryos. A – C, E – G, MNRJ 16846; D, MNRJ 16860 - B." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/232631/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="539">Fig. 2</figureCitation>
|
||
A). Shape thickly encrusting to massive, irregular,
|
||
<quantity id="825B9B7D3D2D8E60FC4F788DFB86FA29" box="[1009,1095,1474,1498]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.5" metricValueMax="8.0" metricValueMin="3.0" pageId="3" pageNumber="539" unit="cm" value="5.5" valueMax="8.0" valueMin="3.0">3‒8 cm</quantity>
|
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wide by
|
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<quantity id="825B9B7D3D2D8E60FB0B788DFACBFA29" box="[1205,1290,1474,1498]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.5" metricValueMax="2.0" metricValueMin="1.0" pageId="3" pageNumber="539" unit="cm" value="1.5" valueMax="2.0" valueMin="1.0">1‒2 cm</quantity>
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||
thick. Color brownish pink to light salmon
|
||
<emphasis id="77D7EA8A3D2D8E60FE4678A9FD87FA0D" box="[504,582,1510,1533]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="539">in vivo</emphasis>
|
||
, becoming cream to light brown after fixation. Oscules circular, randomly dispersed, with slightly elevated rims,
|
||
<quantity id="825B9B7D3D2D8E60FDE17B45FD03F9D1" box="[607,706,1546,1570]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.0" metricValueMax="3.0" metricValueMin="1.0" pageId="3" pageNumber="539" unit="mm" value="2.0" valueMax="3.0" valueMin="1.0">1‒3 mm</quantity>
|
||
in diameter. Surface irregular, uneven, with a few superficial channels. Consistency compressible, slightly elastic.
|
||
</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="451C36983D2D8E60FF797B1EFE23F87A" blockId="3.[151,1437,1185,2005]" pageId="3" pageNumber="539">
|
||
Skeleton: Ectosome without tangential ectosomal reticulation. The ectosomal skeleton is absent and the surface is lightly reinforced by spongin, with dispersed debris and only few oxeas at the extremities of the choanosomal primary tracts, which slightly surpass the surface (
|
||
<figureCitation id="DD982A1D3D2D8E60FC2E7BD6FC18F942" box="[912,985,1689,1714]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="4.[151,250,1149,1171]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,449,1127]" captionTargetId="figure@4.[151,1436,449,1128]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURE 2. Haliclona (Rhizoniera) fugidia sp. nov. A, holotype MNRJ 16846 in vivo. B, transverse section of the ectosome (surface at the top). C, tangential section of the ectosome. D, E, transverse sections through choanosome and ectosome (surface at the top). F, oxeas (SEM). G, embryos. A – C, E – G, MNRJ 16846; D, MNRJ 16860 - B." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/232631/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="539">Fig. 2</figureCitation>
|
||
B–C). Pores abundant, closely spaced, clearly visible on the surface, 20‒60 µm in diameter (
|
||
<figureCitation id="DD982A1D3D2D8E60FD497BF2FCFAF926" box="[759,827,1725,1750]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="4.[151,250,1149,1171]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,449,1127]" captionTargetId="figure@4.[151,1436,449,1128]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURE 2. Haliclona (Rhizoniera) fugidia sp. nov. A, holotype MNRJ 16846 in vivo. B, transverse section of the ectosome (surface at the top). C, tangential section of the ectosome. D, E, transverse sections through choanosome and ectosome (surface at the top). F, oxeas (SEM). G, embryos. A – C, E – G, MNRJ 16846; D, MNRJ 16860 - B." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/232631/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="539">Fig. 2</figureCitation>
|
||
C). Subectosomal and choanosomal lacunae common. Choanosomal skeleton formed by a ladder-like reticulation of uni- to paucispicular tracts of oxeas, connected by irregular unispicular secondary lines, forming irregular or rectangular meshes 60‒150 µm wide (
|
||
<figureCitation id="DD982A1D3D2D8E60FB4E7A4AFAF7F8EE" box="[1264,1334,1797,1822]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="4.[151,250,1149,1171]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,449,1127]" captionTargetId="figure@4.[151,1436,449,1128]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURE 2. Haliclona (Rhizoniera) fugidia sp. nov. A, holotype MNRJ 16846 in vivo. B, transverse section of the ectosome (surface at the top). C, tangential section of the ectosome. D, E, transverse sections through choanosome and ectosome (surface at the top). F, oxeas (SEM). G, embryos. A – C, E – G, MNRJ 16846; D, MNRJ 16860 - B." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/232631/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="539">Fig. 2</figureCitation>
|
||
B, D‒E). The amount of spongin is low and there is no fibre development in both primary and secondary lines. The reticulation is more organized and ladder-like near the surface and becomes denser and more disorganized towards the choanosome (
|
||
<figureCitation id="DD982A1D3D2D8E60FEE57A3EFE5FF87A" box="[347,414,1905,1930]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="4.[151,250,1149,1171]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,449,1127]" captionTargetId="figure@4.[151,1436,449,1128]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURE 2. Haliclona (Rhizoniera) fugidia sp. nov. A, holotype MNRJ 16846 in vivo. B, transverse section of the ectosome (surface at the top). C, tangential section of the ectosome. D, E, transverse sections through choanosome and ectosome (surface at the top). F, oxeas (SEM). G, embryos. A – C, E – G, MNRJ 16846; D, MNRJ 16860 - B." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/232631/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="539">Fig. 2</figureCitation>
|
||
D–E).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="451C36983D2D8E60FF797AD7FD34F824" blockId="3.[151,1437,1185,2005]" pageId="3" pageNumber="539">
|
||
Spicules: oxeas smooth, fusiform, slightly curved, with acerate tips: 78.2–105.2 (± 11.0)–126.1 µm in length by 1.3–3.6 (± 0.9)–5.5 µm in width (
|
||
<tableCitation id="082103233D2D8E60FD8F7AF3FD44F824" box="[561,645,1980,2005]" captionStart="TABLE 1" captionStartId="4.[151,239,152,175]" captionTargetBox="[159,1244,268,372]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="TABLE 1. Spicule measurements (oxeas length and width in µm) of the type specimens of Haliclona (Rhizoniera) fugidia sp. nov. from Rio de Janeiro State, SE Brazil. Measurements are expressed as minimum – average (± standard deviation) – maximum. N = 30." httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/11DC66103D2A8E67FF297DD7FE1AFF00" pageId="3" pageNumber="539" tableUuid="11DC66103D2A8E67FF297DD7FE1AFF00">Table 1</tableCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="DD982A1D3D2D8E60FD2D7AF3FD17F824" box="[659,726,1980,2005]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="4.[151,250,1149,1171]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,449,1127]" captionTargetId="figure@4.[151,1436,449,1128]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURE 2. Haliclona (Rhizoniera) fugidia sp. nov. A, holotype MNRJ 16846 in vivo. B, transverse section of the ectosome (surface at the top). C, tangential section of the ectosome. D, E, transverse sections through choanosome and ectosome (surface at the top). F, oxeas (SEM). G, embryos. A – C, E – G, MNRJ 16846; D, MNRJ 16860 - B." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/232631/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="539">Fig. 2</figureCitation>
|
||
F).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption id="11DC66103D2A8E67FF297DD7FE1AFF00" ID-Table-UUID="11DC66103D2A8E67FF297DD7FE1AFF00" httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/11DC66103D2A8E67FF297DD7FE1AFF00" pageId="4" pageNumber="540" targetBox="[159,1244,268,372]" targetIsTable="true" targetPageId="4">
|
||
<paragraph id="451C36983D2A8E67FF297DD7FE1AFF00" blockId="4.[151,1436,151,240]" pageId="4" pageNumber="540">
|
||
<emphasis id="77D7EA8A3D2A8E67FF297DD7FECCFF5F" bold="true" box="[151,269,152,175]" pageId="4" pageNumber="540">TABLE 1.</emphasis>
|
||
Spicule measurements (oxeas length and width in µm) of the type specimens of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="82A34D1B3D2A8E67FB187DD8FF22FF20" class="Demospongiae" family="Chalinidae" genus="Haliclona" kingdom="Animalia" order="Haplosclerida" pageId="4" pageNumber="540" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="fugidia" status="sp. nov." subGenus="Rhizoniera">
|
||
<emphasis id="77D7EA8A3D2A8E67FB187DD8FAD1FF5F" box="[1190,1296,151,175]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="540">Haliclona</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<emphasis id="77D7EA8A3D2A8E67FA9A7DD6FA52FF5F" box="[1316,1427,153,175]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="540">Rhizoniera</emphasis>
|
||
)
|
||
<emphasis id="77D7EA8A3D2A8E67FF297DF7FF22FF20" box="[151,227,184,208]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="540">fugidia</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="6CE457F13D2A8E67FF527DF6FE80FF20" box="[236,321,185,208]" pageId="4" pageNumber="540" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
from Rio de Janeiro State, SE Brazil. Measurements are expressed as minimum–average (± standard deviation)–maximum. N = 30.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph id="451C36983D2A8E67FF217C43FB1DFE84" pageId="4" pageNumber="540">
|
||
<table id="37A3C4383D2A719CFF217C43FB1DFE84" box="[159,1244,268,372]" gridcols="3" gridrows="3" pageId="4" pageNumber="540">
|
||
<tr id="FB9334DA3D2A719CFF217C43FB1DFED2" box="[159,1244,268,290]" gridrow="0" pageId="4" pageNumber="540">
|
||
<th id="B8425DA63D2A719CFF217C43FE80FED2" box="[159,321,268,290]" gridcol="0" gridrow="0" pageId="4" pageNumber="540">Specimen</th>
|
||
<th id="B8425DA63D2A719CFE5D7C43FD30FED2" box="[483,753,268,290]" gridcol="1" gridrow="0" pageId="4" pageNumber="540">Length</th>
|
||
<th id="B8425DA63D2A719CFBAC7C43FB1DFED2" box="[1042,1244,268,290]" gridcol="2" gridrow="0" pageId="4" pageNumber="540">Width</th>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="FB9334DA3D2A719CFF217C7AFB1DFEBB" box="[159,1244,309,331]" gridrow="1" pageId="4" pageNumber="540">
|
||
<th id="B8425DA63D2A719CFF217C7AFE80FEBB" box="[159,321,309,331]" gridcol="0" gridrow="1" pageId="4" pageNumber="540">MNRJ 16846</th>
|
||
<td id="B8425DA63D2A719CFE5D7C7AFD30FEBB" box="[483,753,309,331]" gridcol="1" gridrow="1" pageId="4" pageNumber="540">86.4–108.6 (± 8.7)–123.5</td>
|
||
<td id="B8425DA63D2A719CFBAC7C7AFB1DFEBB" box="[1042,1244,309,331]" gridcol="2" gridrow="1" pageId="4" pageNumber="540">1.3–3.5 (± 1.1)–5.5</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="FB9334DA3D2A719CFF217C11FB1DFE84" box="[159,1244,350,372]" gridrow="2" pageId="4" pageNumber="540">
|
||
<th id="B8425DA63D2A719CFF217C11FE80FE84" box="[159,321,350,372]" gridcol="0" gridrow="2" pageId="4" pageNumber="540">MNRJ 16860-B</th>
|
||
<td id="B8425DA63D2A719CFE5D7C11FD30FE84" box="[483,753,350,372]" gridcol="1" gridrow="2" pageId="4" pageNumber="540">78.2–101.8 (± 11.7)–126.1</td>
|
||
<td id="B8425DA63D2A719CFBAC7C11FB1DFE84" box="[1042,1244,350,372]" gridcol="2" gridrow="2" pageId="4" pageNumber="540">2.5–3.6 (± 0.7)–5.1</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
</table>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption id="11DC66103D2A8E67FF297932FBC6FB21" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/232631/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="540" targetBox="[151,1436,449,1127]" targetPageId="4">
|
||
<paragraph id="451C36983D2A8E67FF297932FBC6FB21" blockId="4.[151,1436,1149,1233]" pageId="4" pageNumber="540">
|
||
<emphasis id="77D7EA8A3D2A8E67FF297932FED5FB63" bold="true" box="[151,276,1149,1171]" pageId="4" pageNumber="540">FIGURE 2.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="82A34D1B3D2A8E67FEA57932FD96FB63" box="[283,599,1149,1171]" class="Demospongiae" family="Chalinidae" genus="Haliclona" kingdom="Animalia" order="Haplosclerida" pageId="4" pageNumber="540" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="fugidia" status="sp. nov." subGenus="Rhizoniera">
|
||
<emphasis id="77D7EA8A3D2A8E67FEA57932FE41FB63" box="[283,384,1149,1171]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="540">Haliclona</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<emphasis id="77D7EA8A3D2A8E67FE2E7932FE3EFB63" box="[400,511,1149,1171]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="540">Rhizoniera</emphasis>
|
||
)
|
||
<emphasis id="77D7EA8A3D2A8E67FDB17932FD96FB63" box="[527,599,1149,1171]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="540">fugidia</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<emphasis id="77D7EA8A3D2A8E67FDE07931FD71FB63" bold="true" box="[606,688,1150,1171]" pageId="4" pageNumber="540">
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="6CE457F13D2A8E67FDE07931FD71FB63" box="[606,688,1150,1171]" pageId="4" pageNumber="540" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
A, holotype MNRJ 16846
|
||
<emphasis id="77D7EA8A3D2A8E67FC747930FBD1FB64" box="[970,1040,1151,1172]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="540">in vivo</emphasis>
|
||
. B, transverse section of the ectosome (surface at the top). C, tangential section of the ectosome. D, E, transverse sections through choanosome and ectosome (surface at the top). F, oxeas (SEM). G, embryos. A–C, E–G, MNRJ 16846; D, MNRJ 16860-B.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph id="451C36983D2A8E67FF7979B7FB7CFA8D" blockId="4.[151,1437,1272,2017]" pageId="4" pageNumber="540">
|
||
<emphasis id="77D7EA8A3D2A8E67FF7979B7FEEAFAE1" bold="true" box="[199,299,1272,1297]" pageId="4" pageNumber="540">Ecology.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="82A34D1B3D2A8E67FE8C79B7FE32FAE1" authority="Rhiz." authorityName="Rhiz." box="[306,499,1272,1297]" class="Demospongiae" family="Chalinidae" genus="Haliclona" kingdom="Animalia" order="Haplosclerida" pageId="4" pageNumber="540" phylum="Porifera" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="77D7EA8A3D2A8E67FE8C79B7FE63FAE0" box="[306,418,1272,1296]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="540">Haliclona</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<emphasis id="77D7EA8A3D2A8E67FE0F79B7FE2AFAE0" box="[433,491,1272,1296]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="540">Rhiz.</emphasis>
|
||
)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="82A34D1B3D2A8E67FE4479B7FD88FAE0" box="[506,585,1272,1296]" class="Demospongiae" family="Chalinidae" genus="Haliclona" kingdom="Animalia" order="Haplosclerida" pageId="4" pageNumber="540" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="fugidia" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="77D7EA8A3D2A8E67FE4479B7FD88FAE0" box="[506,585,1272,1296]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="540">fugidia</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="6CE457F13D2A8E67FDEE79B7FD68FAE1" box="[592,681,1272,1297]" pageId="4" pageNumber="540" rank="species">
|
||
<emphasis id="77D7EA8A3D2A8E67FDEE79B7FD68FAE1" bold="true" box="[592,681,1272,1297]" pageId="4" pageNumber="540">sp. nov.</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
appears to be very rare in Rio de Janeiro, being found so far only at Vermelha Beach, on vertical surfaces near the sandy bottom between
|
||
<quantity id="825B9B7D3D2A8E67FC767852FBD3FAC4" box="[968,1042,1309,1333]" metricMagnitude="0" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.0" metricValueMax="8.0" metricValueMin="4.0" pageId="4" pageNumber="540" unit="m" value="6.0" valueMax="8.0" valueMin="4.0">4‒8 m</quantity>
|
||
depth. It is very difficult to find, camouflaged near the rocky/sand interface and covered with sediment and epibionts. It can be easily mistaken underwater for
|
||
<taxonomicName id="82A34D1B3D2A8E67FEFD782BFCA2FA8D" authority="Pinheiro et al., 2005" authorityName="Pinheiro et al." authorityYear="2005" box="[323,867,1380,1405]" class="Demospongiae" family="Niphatidae" genus="Pachychalina" kingdom="Animalia" order="Haplosclerida" pageId="4" pageNumber="540" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="alcaloidifera">
|
||
<emphasis id="77D7EA8A3D2A8E67FEFD782BFDB4FA8C" box="[323,629,1380,1404]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="540">Pachychalina alcaloidifera</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="21324B693D2A8E67FDC2782BFCA2FA8D" author="Pinheiro" box="[636,867,1380,1405]" pageId="4" pageNumber="540" refString="Pinheiro, U. S., Berlinck, R. G. S. & Hajdu, E. (2005) Shallow-water Niphatidae (Haplosclerina, Haplosclerida, Demospongiae) from the Sao Sebastiao Channel and its environs (tropical Southwestern Atlantic) with the description of a new species. Contributions to Zoology, 74 (3 / 4), 271 - 278." type="journal article" year="2005">
|
||
Pinheiro
|
||
<emphasis id="77D7EA8A3D2A8E67FD5C782AFCDBFA8C" box="[738,794,1380,1404]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="540">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
, 2005
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, which it resembles externally.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="451C36983D2A8E67FF7978C7FDC5FA35" blockId="4.[151,1437,1272,2017]" pageId="4" pageNumber="540">
|
||
<emphasis id="77D7EA8A3D2A8E67FF7978C7FEB3FA51" bold="true" box="[199,370,1416,1441]" pageId="4" pageNumber="540">Reproduction.</emphasis>
|
||
Spherical to ovoid embryos 200‒430 µm in diameter were found in the two specimens, both collected in
|
||
<date id="311D10583D2A8E67FE9E78E3FE4FFA35" box="[288,398,1452,1477]" pageId="4" pageNumber="540" value="2013-07">July 2013</date>
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation id="DD982A1D3D2A8E67FE2378E3FE21FA35" box="[413,480,1452,1477]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="4.[151,250,1149,1171]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,449,1127]" captionTargetId="figure@4.[151,1436,449,1128]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURE 2. Haliclona (Rhizoniera) fugidia sp. nov. A, holotype MNRJ 16846 in vivo. B, transverse section of the ectosome (surface at the top). C, tangential section of the ectosome. D, E, transverse sections through choanosome and ectosome (surface at the top). F, oxeas (SEM). G, embryos. A – C, E – G, MNRJ 16846; D, MNRJ 16860 - B." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/232631/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="540">Fig. 2</figureCitation>
|
||
G).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="0DB965133D2A8E67FF79789FFEA8F9FD" pageId="4" pageNumber="540" type="distribution">
|
||
<paragraph id="451C36983D2A8E67FF79789FFEA8F9FD" blockId="4.[151,1437,1272,2017]" pageId="4" pageNumber="540">
|
||
<emphasis id="77D7EA8A3D2A8E67FF79789FFEA1FA19" bold="true" box="[199,352,1488,1513]" pageId="4" pageNumber="540">Distribution.</emphasis>
|
||
Provisionally endemic to Rio de Janeiro, SE
|
||
<collectingCountry id="3DB476083D2A8E67FCCC789FFC78FA19" box="[882,953,1488,1513]" name="Brazil" pageId="4" pageNumber="540">Brazil</collectingCountry>
|
||
, where it is known from a single location (Vermelha Beach).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="0DB965133D2A8E65FF797B57FD88F82D" lastPageId="6" lastPageNumber="542" pageId="4" pageNumber="540" type="etymology">
|
||
<paragraph id="451C36983D2A8E67FF797B57FDBDF9A5" blockId="4.[151,1437,1272,2017]" pageId="4" pageNumber="540">
|
||
<emphasis id="77D7EA8A3D2A8E67FF797B57FE8FF9C1" bold="true" box="[199,334,1560,1585]" pageId="4" pageNumber="540">Etymology.</emphasis>
|
||
The name
|
||
<taxonomicName id="82A34D1B3D2A8E67FE677B57FDE9F9C0" box="[473,552,1560,1584]" class="Demospongiae" family="Chalinidae" genus="Haliclona" kingdom="Animalia" order="Haplosclerida" pageId="4" pageNumber="540" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="fugidia">
|
||
<emphasis id="77D7EA8A3D2A8E67FE677B57FDE9F9C0" box="[473,552,1560,1584]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="540">fugidia</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
comes from Latin
|
||
<emphasis id="77D7EA8A3D2A8E67FCAF7B57FCA7F9C0" box="[785,870,1560,1584]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="540">fugitīvu</emphasis>
|
||
, meaning "fugitive", "elusive", due to the great difficulty in finding the species in the field.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="451C36983D2A8E67FF797B2FFA54F869" blockId="4.[151,1437,1272,2017]" pageId="4" pageNumber="540">
|
||
<emphasis id="77D7EA8A3D2A8E67FF797B2FFE02F989" bold="true" box="[199,451,1632,1657]" pageId="4" pageNumber="540">Taxonomic remarks.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="82A34D1B3D2A8E67FE6E7B2FFD81F988" box="[464,576,1632,1656]" class="Demospongiae" family="Chalinidae" genus="Haliclona" kingdom="Animalia" order="Haplosclerida" pageId="4" pageNumber="540" phylum="Porifera" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="77D7EA8A3D2A8E67FE6E7B2FFD81F988" box="[464,576,1632,1656]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="540">Haliclona</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is one of the most diverse genera of Porifera, with over 420 currently accepted species (van Soest
|
||
<emphasis id="77D7EA8A3D2A8E67FE6D7BCAFDCAF96C" box="[467,523,1668,1692]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="540">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
, 2014). It is divided in six subgenera (
|
||
<emphasis id="77D7EA8A3D2A8E67FC047BCBFED9F930" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="540">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="82A34D1B3D2A8E67FC047BCBFBCFF96C" box="[954,1038,1668,1692]" class="Demospongiae" family="Chalinidae" genus="Gellius" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Haplosclerida" pageId="4" pageNumber="540" phylum="Porifera" rank="genus">Gellius</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="82A34D1B3D2A8E67FBA67BCBFB72F96C" box="[1048,1203,1668,1692]" class="Demospongiae" family="Chalinidae" genus="Halichoclona" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Haplosclerida" pageId="4" pageNumber="540" phylum="Porifera" rank="genus">Halichoclona</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="82A34D1B3D2A8E67FB017BCBFAF3F96C" box="[1215,1330,1668,1692]" class="Demospongiae" family="Chalinidae" genus="Haliclona" kingdom="Animalia" order="Haplosclerida" pageId="4" pageNumber="540" phylum="Porifera" rank="genus">Haliclona</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="82A34D1B3D2A8E67FA827BCAFA56F96C" box="[1340,1431,1669,1692]" class="Demospongiae" family="Chalinidae" genus="Reniera" kingdom="Animalia" order="Haplosclerida" pageId="4" pageNumber="540" phylum="Porifera" rank="genus">Reniera</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="82A34D1B3D2A8E67FF297BE7FED4F930" box="[151,277,1704,1728]" class="Demospongiae" family="Chalinidae" genus="Rhizoniera" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Haplosclerida" pageId="4" pageNumber="540" phylum="Porifera" rank="genus">Rhizoniera</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="82A34D1B3D2A8E67FEE67BE7FE7CF930" box="[344,445,1704,1728]" class="Demospongea" family="Chalinidae" genus="Soestella" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Haplosclerida" pageId="4" pageNumber="540" phylum="Porifera" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="77D7EA8A3D2A8E67FEE67BE7FE7CF930" box="[344,445,1704,1728]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="540">Soestella</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
; de
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="21324B693D2A8E67FE497BE7FD57F931" author="Weerdt" box="[503,662,1704,1729]" pageId="4" pageNumber="540" refString="Weerdt, W. H. de (2002) Family Chalinidae Gray, 1867. In: Hooper, J. N. A. & Van Soest, R. W. M. (Eds.), Systema Porifera. Vol. 1. A guide to the classification of sponges. Kluwer Academic / Plenum Publishers, New York. pp. 852 - 873." type="book chapter" year="2002">Weerdt, 2002</bibRefCitation>
|
||
), but 218 species are not allocated to any subgenus in the World Porifera Database so far (WPD; van Soest
|
||
<emphasis id="77D7EA8A3D2A8E67FDC87B82FD6FF914" box="[630,686,1740,1764]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="540">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
, 2014, accessed in
|
||
<date id="311D10583D2A8E67FC367B83FB9DF915" box="[904,1116,1740,1765]" pageId="4" pageNumber="540" value="2014-12-01">December 1, 2014</date>
|
||
). It is challenging to classify our new species from Rio de Janeiro into these subgenera, because its skeleton does not fit precisely in any of them. It clearly differs from subgenera
|
||
<emphasis id="77D7EA8A3D2A8E67FDA37A5AFDF8F8DC" box="[541,569,1813,1836]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="540">H.</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<taxonomicName id="82A34D1B3D2A8E67FDF37A5AFD67F8DC" box="[589,678,1813,1836]" class="Demospongiae" family="Chalinidae" genus="Reniera" kingdom="Animalia" order="Haplosclerida" pageId="4" pageNumber="540" phylum="Porifera" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="77D7EA8A3D2A8E67FDF37A5AFD67F8DC" box="[589,678,1813,1836]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="540">Reniera</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
) and
|
||
<emphasis id="77D7EA8A3D2A8E67FD507A5AFCCBF8DC" box="[750,778,1813,1836]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="540">H.</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<taxonomicName id="82A34D1B3D2A8E67FCA37A5BFC74F8DC" box="[797,949,1812,1836]" class="Demospongiae" family="Chalinidae" genus="Halichoclona" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Haplosclerida" pageId="4" pageNumber="540" phylum="Porifera" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="77D7EA8A3D2A8E67FCA37A5BFC74F8DC" box="[797,949,1812,1836]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="540">Halichoclona</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
), which have (sub)isotropic choanosomal skeletons without well-defined primary lines (de
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="21324B693D2A8E67FD707A77FCA8F8A1" author="Weerdt" box="[718,873,1848,1873]" pageId="4" pageNumber="540" refString="Weerdt, W. H. de (2000) A monograph of the shallow-water Chalinidae (Porifera, Haplosclerida) of the Caribbean. Beaufortia, 50 (1), 1 - 67." type="journal article" year="2000">Weerdt, 2000</bibRefCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="21324B693D2A8E67FCC97A76FC72F8A1" author="Weerdt" box="[887,947,1849,1873]" pageId="4" pageNumber="540" refString="Weerdt, W. H. de (2002) Family Chalinidae Gray, 1867. In: Hooper, J. N. A. & Van Soest, R. W. M. (Eds.), Systema Porifera. Vol. 1. A guide to the classification of sponges. Kluwer Academic / Plenum Publishers, New York. pp. 852 - 873." type="book chapter" year="2002">2002</bibRefCitation>
|
||
), and from the subgenus
|
||
<emphasis id="77D7EA8A3D2A8E67FB677A76FB2CF8A0" box="[1241,1261,1849,1872]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="540">H</emphasis>
|
||
. (
|
||
<taxonomicName id="82A34D1B3D2A8E67FAB97A77FAADF8A0" box="[1287,1388,1848,1872]" class="Demospongea" family="Chalinidae" genus="Soestella" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Haplosclerida" pageId="4" pageNumber="540" phylum="Porifera" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="77D7EA8A3D2A8E67FAB97A77FAADF8A0" box="[1287,1388,1848,1872]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="540">Soestella</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
), in which the choanosomal skeleton is sub-anisotropic, with irregular, ill-defined choanosomal primary lines and paucispicular secondary lines, and there is a tendency to form rounded meshes in the ectosome (de
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="21324B693D2A8E67FB507ACFFA48F869" author="Weerdt" box="[1262,1417,1920,1945]" pageId="4" pageNumber="540" refString="Weerdt, W. H. de (2002) Family Chalinidae Gray, 1867. In: Hooper, J. N. A. & Van Soest, R. W. M. (Eds.), Systema Porifera. Vol. 1. A guide to the classification of sponges. Kluwer Academic / Plenum Publishers, New York. pp. 852 - 873." type="book chapter" year="2002">Weerdt, 2002</bibRefCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="451C36983D2A8E67FF797AEBFA5CF811" blockId="4.[151,1437,1272,2017]" pageId="4" pageNumber="540">
|
||
The new species is closer to the subgenera
|
||
<emphasis id="77D7EA8A3D2A8E67FD127AEAFD01F84C" box="[684,704,1957,1980]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="540">H</emphasis>
|
||
. (
|
||
<taxonomicName id="82A34D1B3D2A8E67FD667AEBFC89F84C" box="[728,840,1956,1980]" class="Demospongiae" family="Chalinidae" genus="Haliclona" kingdom="Animalia" order="Haplosclerida" pageId="4" pageNumber="540" phylum="Porifera" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="77D7EA8A3D2A8E67FD667AEBFC89F84C" box="[728,840,1956,1980]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="540">Haliclona</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
),
|
||
<emphasis id="77D7EA8A3D2A8E67FCDE7AEAFCB5F84C" box="[864,884,1957,1980]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="540">H</emphasis>
|
||
. (
|
||
<taxonomicName id="82A34D1B3D2A8E67FC327AEBFC1CF84C" box="[908,989,1956,1980]" class="Demospongiae" family="Chalinidae" genus="Gellius" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Haplosclerida" pageId="4" pageNumber="540" phylum="Porifera" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="77D7EA8A3D2A8E67FC327AEBFC1CF84C" box="[908,989,1956,1980]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="540">Gellius</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
) and
|
||
<emphasis id="77D7EA8A3D2A8E67FBA37AEAFBF0F84C" box="[1053,1073,1957,1980]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="540">H</emphasis>
|
||
. (
|
||
<taxonomicName id="82A34D1B3D2A8E67FBF77AEBFB05F84C" box="[1097,1220,1956,1980]" class="Demospongiae" family="Chalinidae" genus="Rhizoniera" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Haplosclerida" pageId="4" pageNumber="540" phylum="Porifera" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="77D7EA8A3D2A8E67FBF77AEBFB05F84C" box="[1097,1220,1956,1980]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="540">Rhizoniera</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
) in the presence of an anisotropic reticulation with clearly defined ascending primary lines and unispicular connecting secondary lines.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="451C36983D2B8E66FF297DD7FD24FBA8" blockId="5.[151,1437,151,2013]" pageId="5" pageNumber="541">
|
||
However, in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="82A34D1B3D2B8E66FE887DD7FE67FF40" box="[310,422,152,176]" class="Demospongiae" family="Chalinidae" genus="Haliclona" kingdom="Animalia" order="Haplosclerida" pageId="5" pageNumber="541" phylum="Porifera" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="77D7EA8A3D2B8E66FE887DD7FE67FF40" box="[310,422,152,176]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="541">Haliclona</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
the reticulation is very regular throughout the choanosome, regularly connected by unispicular secondary lines and with moderate to abundant spongin. The oxeas are usually short and stout, cigarshaped. The secondary lines of the new species seem to be more irregular and in the deeper choanosome the reticulation is very irregular, sub-halichondrioid, more similar to that of
|
||
<emphasis id="77D7EA8A3D2B8E66FC6E7C4AFC25FEEC" box="[976,996,261,284]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="541">H</emphasis>
|
||
. (
|
||
<taxonomicName id="82A34D1B3D2B8E66FC407C4BFB8EFEEC" box="[1022,1103,260,284]" class="Demospongiae" family="Chalinidae" genus="Gellius" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Haplosclerida" pageId="5" pageNumber="541" phylum="Porifera" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="77D7EA8A3D2B8E66FC407C4BFB8EFEEC" box="[1022,1103,260,284]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="541">Gellius</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
). One of the main characters leading to
|
||
<emphasis id="77D7EA8A3D2B8E66FEA77C66FEECFEB0" box="[281,301,297,320]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="541">H</emphasis>
|
||
. (
|
||
<taxonomicName id="82A34D1B3D2B8E66FEF47C67FE5AFEB0" box="[330,411,296,320]" class="Demospongiae" family="Chalinidae" genus="Gellius" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Haplosclerida" pageId="5" pageNumber="541" phylum="Porifera" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="77D7EA8A3D2B8E66FEF47C67FE5AFEB0" box="[330,411,296,320]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="541">Gellius</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
) in the key to the subgenera of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="82A34D1B3D2B8E66FC937C67FC5CFEB0" box="[813,925,296,320]" class="Demospongiae" family="Chalinidae" genus="Haliclona" kingdom="Animalia" order="Haplosclerida" pageId="5" pageNumber="541" phylum="Porifera" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="77D7EA8A3D2B8E66FC937C67FC5CFEB0" box="[813,925,296,320]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="541">Haliclona</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
proposed by de
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="21324B693D2B8E66FBD07C68FAD7FEB0" author="Weerdt" box="[1134,1302,295,320]" pageId="5" pageNumber="541" refString="Weerdt, W. H. de (2002) Family Chalinidae Gray, 1867. In: Hooper, J. N. A. & Van Soest, R. W. M. (Eds.), Systema Porifera. Vol. 1. A guide to the classification of sponges. Kluwer Academic / Plenum Publishers, New York. pp. 852 - 873." type="book chapter" year="2002">Weerdt (2002)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
is that the choanosomal anisotropic reticulation becomes more disorganized and sub-halichondrioid from the surface towards the interior of the sponge, similarly to that of the new species. This character however is not mentioned any further in the Systema Porifera chapter, neither in the subgenus diagnosis and definition nor in the redescription of the
|
||
<typeStatus id="9A18883A3D2B8E66FAD27CDAFA5DFE5D" box="[1388,1436,405,429]" pageId="5" pageNumber="541">type</typeStatus>
|
||
species (de
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="21324B693D2B8E66FEA37CF8FE78FE20" author="Weerdt" box="[285,441,439,464]" pageId="5" pageNumber="541" refString="Weerdt, W. H. de (2002) Family Chalinidae Gray, 1867. In: Hooper, J. N. A. & Van Soest, R. W. M. (Eds.), Systema Porifera. Vol. 1. A guide to the classification of sponges. Kluwer Academic / Plenum Publishers, New York. pp. 852 - 873." type="book chapter" year="2002">Weerdt, 2002</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). Nevertheless, a transition from a more or less regular anisotropic reticulation near the ectosome to an irregular sub-halichondrioid reticulation deep inside the choanosome is present in at least some species of the subgenus
|
||
<emphasis id="77D7EA8A3D2B8E66FE167F4EFE7DFDE8" box="[424,444,513,536]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="541">H</emphasis>
|
||
. (
|
||
<taxonomicName id="82A34D1B3D2B8E66FE6A7F4FFDE4FDE8" box="[468,549,512,536]" class="Demospongiae" family="Chalinidae" genus="Gellius" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Haplosclerida" pageId="5" pageNumber="541" phylum="Porifera" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="77D7EA8A3D2B8E66FE6A7F4FFDE4FDE8" box="[468,549,512,536]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="541">Gellius</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
), including
|
||
<emphasis id="77D7EA8A3D2B8E66FD117F4EFD0AFDE8" box="[687,715,513,536]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="541">H.</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<emphasis id="77D7EA8A3D2B8E66FD657F4FFCD2FDE8" box="[731,787,512,536]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="541">Gell.</emphasis>
|
||
)
|
||
<taxonomicName id="82A34D1B3D2B8E66FC9D7F4FFBAAFDE8" authority="Bowerbank, 1866" authorityName="Bowerbank" authorityYear="1866" box="[803,1131,511,536]" class="Demospongiae" family="Chalinidae" genus="Haliclona" kingdom="Animalia" order="Haplosclerida" pageId="5" pageNumber="541" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="angulata">
|
||
<emphasis id="77D7EA8A3D2B8E66FC9D7F4FFC46FDE8" box="[803,903,512,536]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="541">angulata</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="21324B693D2B8E66FC287CB0FBA2FDE8" author="Bowerbank" box="[918,1123,511,536]" pageId="5" pageNumber="541" refString="Bowerbank, J. S. (1866) A Monograph of the British Spongiadae. Vol. 2. Ray Society, London, 388 pp." type="book" year="1866">Bowerbank, 1866</bibRefCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<emphasis id="77D7EA8A3D2B8E66FBC97F4EFB55FDE8" box="[1143,1172,513,536]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="541">H.</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<emphasis id="77D7EA8A3D2B8E66FB1A7F4FFB1AFDE8" box="[1188,1243,512,536]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="541">Gell.</emphasis>
|
||
)
|
||
<taxonomicName id="82A34D1B3D2B8E66FB527F4EFF1BFDCC" authority="Stephens, 1902" authorityName="Stephens" authorityYear="1902" class="Demospongiae" family="Chalinidae" genus="Haliclona" kingdom="Animalia" order="Haplosclerida" pageId="5" pageNumber="541" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="rava">
|
||
<emphasis id="77D7EA8A3D2B8E66FB527F4EFAE1FDE8" box="[1260,1312,513,536]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="541">rava</emphasis>
|
||
(Stephens, 1902)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, and the
|
||
<typeStatus id="9A18883A3D2B8E66FEFD7F6AFEB2FDCD" box="[323,371,549,573]" pageId="5" pageNumber="541">type</typeStatus>
|
||
species
|
||
<emphasis id="77D7EA8A3D2B8E66FE6B7F6AFE30FDCC" box="[469,497,549,572]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="541">H.</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<emphasis id="77D7EA8A3D2B8E66FDBC7F6BFDF8FDCC" box="[514,569,548,572]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="541">Gell.</emphasis>
|
||
)
|
||
<taxonomicName id="82A34D1B3D2B8E66FDF57F6BFCA4FDCD" authority="Schmidt, 1862" authorityName="Schmidt" authorityYear="1862" box="[587,869,548,573]" class="Demospongiae" family="Chalinidae" genus="Haliclona" kingdom="Animalia" order="Haplosclerida" pageId="5" pageNumber="541" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="fibulata">
|
||
<emphasis id="77D7EA8A3D2B8E66FDF57F6BFD63FDCC" box="[587,674,548,572]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="541">fibulata</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="21324B693D2B8E66FD0C7F6BFC9DFDCD" author="Schmidt" box="[690,860,548,573]" pageId="5" pageNumber="541" refString="Schmidt, O. (1862) Die Spongien des adriatischen Meeres. Wilhelm Engelmann, Leipzig, 88 pp." type="book" year="1862">Schmidt, 1862</bibRefCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. In the subgenus
|
||
<emphasis id="77D7EA8A3D2B8E66FB927F6AFB89FDCC" box="[1068,1096,549,572]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="541">H.</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<taxonomicName id="82A34D1B3D2B8E66FBE77F6BFB6BFDCC" box="[1113,1194,548,572]" class="Demospongiae" family="Chalinidae" genus="Gellius" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Haplosclerida" pageId="5" pageNumber="541" phylum="Porifera" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="77D7EA8A3D2B8E66FBE77F6BFB6BFDCC" box="[1113,1194,548,572]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="541">Gellius</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
), however, the oxeas are usually very large (160–1000 µm, more often 300–500 µm long) and microscleres are often present in the form of sigmas and toxas, while
|
||
<emphasis id="77D7EA8A3D2B8E66FE707F22FE23FD74" box="[462,482,621,644]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="541">H</emphasis>
|
||
. (
|
||
<emphasis id="77D7EA8A3D2B8E66FE457F23FDECFD74" box="[507,557,620,644]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="541">Rhiz</emphasis>
|
||
.)
|
||
<taxonomicName id="82A34D1B3D2B8E66FDFB7F23FD55FD74" box="[581,660,620,644]" class="Demospongiae" family="Chalinidae" genus="Haliclona" kingdom="Animalia" order="Haplosclerida" pageId="5" pageNumber="541" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="fugidia" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="77D7EA8A3D2B8E66FDFB7F23FD55FD74" box="[581,660,620,644]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="541">fugidia</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="6CE457F13D2B8E66FD237F23FD39FD75" box="[669,760,620,645]" pageId="5" pageNumber="541" rank="species">
|
||
<emphasis id="77D7EA8A3D2B8E66FD237F23FD39FD75" bold="true" box="[669,760,620,645]" pageId="5" pageNumber="541">sp. nov.</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
has small oxeas (86–124 µm long) and no microscleres. In the subgenus
|
||
<emphasis id="77D7EA8A3D2B8E66FE8E7FDEFE85FD58" box="[304,324,657,680]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="541">H</emphasis>
|
||
. (
|
||
<taxonomicName id="82A34D1B3D2B8E66FEE27FDFFE16FD58" box="[348,471,656,680]" class="Demospongiae" family="Chalinidae" genus="Rhizoniera" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Haplosclerida" pageId="5" pageNumber="541" phylum="Porifera" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="77D7EA8A3D2B8E66FEE27FDFFE16FD58" box="[348,471,656,680]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="541">Rhizoniera</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
) the primary lines are usually pauci- to multispicular with scarce spongin, whereas in the new species they are uni- to paucispicular with moderate to low amount of spongin. As in the new species, in the subgenus
|
||
<emphasis id="77D7EA8A3D2B8E66FE867F96FE8DFD00" box="[312,332,729,752]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="541">H</emphasis>
|
||
. (
|
||
<taxonomicName id="82A34D1B3D2B8E66FED67F97FE22FD00" box="[360,483,728,752]" class="Demospongiae" family="Chalinidae" genus="Rhizoniera" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Haplosclerida" pageId="5" pageNumber="541" phylum="Porifera" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="77D7EA8A3D2B8E66FED67F97FE22FD00" box="[360,483,728,752]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="541">Rhizoniera</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
) the microscleres are absent, megascleres are slender, relatively small oxeas, the choanosomal meshes are irregular, and the ectosomal tangential skeleton is usually absent. Also, in some species the choanosomal skeleton becomes more disorganized towards the base of the sponge (e.g.,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="82A34D1B3D2B8E66FB6B7E6FFA5AFCC8" authority="Rhiz." authorityName="Rhiz." box="[1237,1435,800,824]" class="Demospongiae" family="Chalinidae" genus="Haliclona" kingdom="Animalia" order="Haplosclerida" pageId="5" pageNumber="541" phylum="Porifera" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="77D7EA8A3D2B8E66FB6B7E6FFA84FCC8" box="[1237,1349,800,824]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="541">Haliclona</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<emphasis id="77D7EA8A3D2B8E66FAE47E6FFA4DFCC8" box="[1370,1420,800,824]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="541">Rhiz</emphasis>
|
||
.)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="82A34D1B3D2B8E66FF297E0AFE65FCAC" authority="Topsent, 1888" authorityName="Topsent" authorityYear="1888" box="[151,420,836,860]" class="Demospongiae" family="Chalinidae" genus="Haliclona" kingdom="Animalia" order="Haplosclerida" pageId="5" pageNumber="541" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="viscosa">
|
||
<emphasis id="77D7EA8A3D2B8E66FF297E0AFF2BFCAC" box="[151,234,837,860]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="541">viscosa</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="21324B693D2B8E66FF467E0BFE5DFCAC" author="Topsent" box="[248,412,836,860]" pageId="5" pageNumber="541" refString="Topsent, E. (1888) Contribution a l'etude des Clionides. Archives de Zoologie experimentale et generale, 2, 1 - 165." type="journal article" year="1888">Topsent, 1888</bibRefCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
; cf. de
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="21324B693D2B8E66FE4B7E0BFD4EFCAD" author="Weerdt" box="[501,655,836,861]" pageId="5" pageNumber="541" refString="Weerdt, W. H. de (1986) A systematic revision of the North-Eastern Atlantic shallow water Haplosclerida (Porifera, Demospongiae), Part 2: Chalinidae, Beaufortia, 36 (6), 81 - 165." type="journal article" year="1986">Weerdt, 1986</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). Therefore, it was with hesitation that we decided to allocate the new species in the subgenus
|
||
<taxonomicName id="82A34D1B3D2B8E66FE077E27FD05FC70" authority="(Rhizoniera)" baseAuthorityName="Rhizoniera" box="[441,708,872,896]" class="Demospongiae" family="Chalinidae" genus="Haliclona" kingdom="Animalia" order="Haplosclerida" pageId="5" pageNumber="541" phylum="Porifera" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="77D7EA8A3D2B8E66FE077E27FDE8FC70" box="[441,553,872,896]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="541">Haliclona</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<emphasis id="77D7EA8A3D2B8E66FD807E27FD78FC70" box="[574,697,872,896]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="541">Rhizoniera</emphasis>
|
||
)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. We made small emmendments in the subgenus definition to accomodate the new species. It is clear, however, that the current subgeneric classification of the genus
|
||
<taxonomicName id="82A34D1B3D2B8E66FA927EC3FA5DFC54" box="[1324,1436,908,932]" class="Demospongiae" family="Chalinidae" genus="Haliclona" kingdom="Animalia" order="Haplosclerida" pageId="5" pageNumber="541" phylum="Porifera" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="77D7EA8A3D2B8E66FA927EC3FA5DFC54" box="[1324,1436,908,932]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="541">Haliclona</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
must be improved. Recent phylogenetic analysis based on 28S and 18S rDNA sequences (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="21324B693D2B8E66FB3D7EE0FA56FC38" author="McCormack" box="[1155,1431,943,968]" pageId="5" pageNumber="541" refString="McCormack, G. P., Erpenbeck, D. & Soest, R. W. M. van (2002) Major discrepancy between phylogenetic hypotheses based on molecular and morphological criteria within the Order Haplosclerida (Phylum Porifera: Class Demospongiae). Journal of Zoogical Systematics and Evolutionary Research, 40 (4), 237 - 240. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.1046 / j. 1439 - 0469.2002.00204. x" type="journal article" year="2002">
|
||
McCormack
|
||
<emphasis id="77D7EA8A3D2B8E66FAA97EFEFA8FFC38" box="[1303,1358,944,968]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="541">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
, 2002
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="21324B693D2B8E66FF297E9BFE4AFC1C" author="Redmond" box="[151,395,980,1005]" pageId="5" pageNumber="541" refString="Redmond, N. E., Soest, R. W. M. van, Kelly, M., Raleigh, J., Travers, S. A. A. & McCormack, G. P. (2007) Reassessment of the classification of the Order Haplosclerida (Class Demospongiae, Phylum Porifera) using 18 S rRNA gene sequence data. Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution, 43 (1), 344 - 352. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.1016 / j. ympev. 2006.10.021" type="journal article" year="2007">
|
||
Redmond
|
||
<emphasis id="77D7EA8A3D2B8E66FEB47E9AFE83FC1C" box="[266,322,980,1004]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="541">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
, 2007
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="21324B693D2B8E66FE287E9BFE11FC1C" author="Redmond" box="[406,464,980,1004]" pageId="5" pageNumber="541" refString="Redmond, N. E., Morrow, C. C., Thacker, R. W., Diaz, M. C., Boury-Esnault, N., Cardenas, P., Hajdu, E., Lobo-Hajdu, G., Picton, B. E., Pomponi, S. A., Kayal, E. & Collins, A. G. (2013) Phylogeny and systematics of Demospongiae in light of new smallsubunit ribosomal DNA (18 S) sequences. Integrative and Comparative Biology, 53 (3), 388 - 485." type="journal article" year="2013">2013</bibRefCitation>
|
||
) indicate that the family
|
||
<taxonomicName id="82A34D1B3D2B8E66FD597E9BFCA2FC1D" box="[743,867,980,1005]" class="Demospongiae" family="Chalinidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Haplosclerida" pageId="5" pageNumber="541" phylum="Porifera" rank="family">Chalinidae</taxonomicName>
|
||
, the genus
|
||
<taxonomicName id="82A34D1B3D2B8E66FC617E9BFB8EFC1C" box="[991,1103,980,1004]" class="Demospongiae" family="Chalinidae" genus="Haliclona" kingdom="Animalia" order="Haplosclerida" pageId="5" pageNumber="541" phylum="Porifera" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="77D7EA8A3D2B8E66FC617E9BFB8EFC1C" box="[991,1103,980,1004]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="541">Haliclona</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and most of its subgenera are all probably non-monophyletic. Therefore, below we will compare the new species not only to those of the subgenus
|
||
<emphasis id="77D7EA8A3D2B8E66FEB97952FEE2FBC4" box="[263,291,1053,1076]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="541">H.</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<taxonomicName id="82A34D1B3D2B8E66FE8A7953FE6EFBC4" box="[308,431,1052,1076]" class="Demospongiae" family="Chalinidae" genus="Rhizoniera" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Haplosclerida" pageId="5" pageNumber="541" phylum="Porifera" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="77D7EA8A3D2B8E66FE8A7953FE6EFBC4" box="[308,431,1052,1076]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="541">Rhizoniera</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
), but to all 34 species of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="82A34D1B3D2B8E66FD6E7953FC81FBC4" box="[720,832,1052,1076]" class="Demospongiae" family="Chalinidae" genus="Haliclona" kingdom="Animalia" order="Haplosclerida" pageId="5" pageNumber="541" phylum="Porifera" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="77D7EA8A3D2B8E66FD6E7953FC81FBC4" box="[720,832,1052,1076]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="541">Haliclona</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
currently known from the Tropical Western Atlantic, most of which were tabulated by Bispo
|
||
<emphasis id="77D7EA8A3D2B8E66FDEA790EFD4DFBA8" box="[596,652,1088,1112]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="541">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
(2014).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="451C36983D2B8E66FF79792AFC79FA88" blockId="5.[151,1437,151,2013]" pageId="5" pageNumber="541">
|
||
Van Soest
|
||
<emphasis id="77D7EA8A3D2B8E66FE81792AFEB9FB8C" box="[319,376,1124,1148]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="541">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
(2014) list 83 valid species in the subgenus
|
||
<taxonomicName id="82A34D1B3D2B8E66FCCF792BFB8FFB8C" authority="(Gellius)" baseAuthorityName="Gellius" box="[881,1102,1124,1148]" class="Demospongiae" family="Chalinidae" genus="Haliclona" kingdom="Animalia" order="Haplosclerida" pageId="5" pageNumber="541" phylum="Porifera" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="77D7EA8A3D2B8E66FCCF792BFC20FB8C" box="[881,993,1124,1148]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="541">Haliclona</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<emphasis id="77D7EA8A3D2B8E66FC4C792BFB82FB8C" box="[1010,1091,1124,1148]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="541">Gellius</emphasis>
|
||
)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, of which only three occur in the TWA.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="82A34D1B3D2B8E66FEB379C7FE0EFB50" authority="Gell." authorityName="Gell." box="[269,463,1160,1184]" class="Demospongiae" family="Chalinidae" genus="Haliclona" kingdom="Animalia" order="Haplosclerida" pageId="5" pageNumber="541" phylum="Porifera" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="77D7EA8A3D2B8E66FEB379C7FEBCFB50" box="[269,381,1160,1184]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="541">Haliclona</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<emphasis id="77D7EA8A3D2B8E66FE3179C7FE7EFB50" box="[399,447,1160,1184]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="541">Gell</emphasis>
|
||
.)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="82A34D1B3D2B8E66FE6679C7FD27FB50" authority="Burton, 1954" authorityName="Burton" authorityYear="1954" box="[472,742,1159,1184]" class="Demospongiae" family="Chalinidae" genus="Haliclona" kingdom="Animalia" order="Haplosclerida" pageId="5" pageNumber="541" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="calcinea">
|
||
<emphasis id="77D7EA8A3D2B8E66FE6679C7FDF6FB50" box="[472,567,1160,1184]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="541">calcinea</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="21324B693D2B8E66FDF979C7FD1FFB50" author="Burton" box="[583,734,1159,1184]" pageId="5" pageNumber="541" refString="Burton, M. (1954) Sponges. The ' Rosaura' Expedition. Bulletin of the British Museum (Natural History) Zoology, 2 (6), 215 - 239." type="journal article" year="1954">Burton, 1954</bibRefCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
from
|
||
<quantity id="825B9B7D3D2B8E66FC9379C7FC6FFB6F" box="[813,942,1160,1184]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.6" metricValueMax="8.0" metricValueMin="7.2" pageId="5" pageNumber="541" unit="m" value="760.0" valueMax="800.0" valueMin="720.0">720–800 m</quantity>
|
||
depth in
|
||
<collectingCountry id="3DB476083D2B8E66FBA579C8FBBBFB50" box="[1051,1146,1159,1184]" name="Grenada" pageId="5" pageNumber="541">Grenada</collectingCountry>
|
||
is massive rounded, dark brown in spirit;
|
||
<emphasis id="77D7EA8A3D2B8E66FEF179E2FEA2FB34" box="[335,355,1197,1220]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="541">H</emphasis>
|
||
. (
|
||
<emphasis id="77D7EA8A3D2B8E66FEC279E3FE6DFB34" box="[380,428,1196,1220]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="541">Gell</emphasis>
|
||
.)
|
||
<taxonomicName id="82A34D1B3D2B8E66FE7B79E3FD67FB35" authority="Lehnert" authorityName="Lehnert" box="[453,678,1196,1221]" class="Demospongiae" family="Chalinidae" genus="Haliclona" kingdom="Animalia" order="Haplosclerida" pageId="5" pageNumber="541" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="megasclera">
|
||
<emphasis id="77D7EA8A3D2B8E66FE7B79E3FD87FB34" box="[453,582,1196,1220]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="541">megasclera</emphasis>
|
||
Lehnert
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
& van
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="21324B693D2B8E66FD4079E3FC4FFB35" author="Soest" box="[766,910,1196,1221]" pageId="5" pageNumber="541" refString="Lehnert, H. & Soest, R. W. M. van (1996) North Jamaican deep fore-reef sponges. Beaufortia, 46 (4), 53 - 81." type="journal article" year="1996">Soest (1996)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
from
|
||
<quantity id="825B9B7D3D2B8E66FC6B79E3FBD1FB34" box="[981,1040,1196,1220]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.8" pageId="5" pageNumber="541" unit="m" value="78.0">78 m</quantity>
|
||
depth in
|
||
<collectingCountry id="3DB476083D2B8E66FBC379E3FB16FB35" box="[1149,1239,1196,1221]" name="Jamaica" pageId="5" pageNumber="541">Jamaica</collectingCountry>
|
||
is massive, grey, and agglutinates
|
||
<taxonomicName id="82A34D1B3D2B8E66FEEA799FFE03FB18" box="[340,450,1232,1256]" class="Bryopsidophyceae" family="Halimedaceae" genus="Halimeda" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" order="Bryopsidales" pageId="5" pageNumber="541" phylum="Chlorophyta" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="77D7EA8A3D2B8E66FEEA799FFE03FB18" box="[340,450,1232,1256]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="541">Halimeda</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
leaves; and
|
||
<emphasis id="77D7EA8A3D2B8E66FDF2799EFDA1FB18" box="[588,608,1233,1256]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="541">H</emphasis>
|
||
. (
|
||
<emphasis id="77D7EA8A3D2B8E66FDC9799FFD66FB18" box="[631,679,1232,1256]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="541">Gell</emphasis>
|
||
.)
|
||
<taxonomicName id="82A34D1B3D2B8E66FD00799FFC07FB18" authority="Burton, 1954" authorityName="Burton" authorityYear="1954" box="[702,966,1231,1256]" class="Demospongiae" family="Chalinidae" genus="Haliclona" kingdom="Animalia" order="Haplosclerida" pageId="5" pageNumber="541" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="tenerrima">
|
||
<emphasis id="77D7EA8A3D2B8E66FD00799FFCECFB17" box="[702,813,1232,1255]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="541">tenerrima</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="21324B693D2B8E66FC8D799FFC07FB18" author="Burton" box="[819,966,1231,1256]" pageId="5" pageNumber="541" refString="Burton, M. (1954) Sponges. The ' Rosaura' Expedition. Bulletin of the British Museum (Natural History) Zoology, 2 (6), 215 - 239." type="journal article" year="1954">Burton, 1954</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
from
|
||
<quantity id="825B9B7D3D2B8E66FBB47980FB88FB17" box="[1034,1097,1231,1256]" metricMagnitude="0" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.5" pageId="5" pageNumber="541" unit="m" value="3.5">3.5 m</quantity>
|
||
depth in
|
||
<collectingCountry id="3DB476083D2B8E66FB0E7980FB39FB18" box="[1200,1272,1231,1256]" name="Belize" pageId="5" pageNumber="541">Belize</collectingCountry>
|
||
was described from a fragment, pale yellow in spirit. The oxea of the three species are much larger than in the new species (500
|
||
<date id="311D10583D2B8E66FA3079BAFF72FAC0" pageId="5" pageNumber="541" value="1916-10">x 16</date>
|
||
µm, 282–370
|
||
<date id="311D10583D2B8E66FEEB7857FE60FAC0" box="[341,417,1304,1328]" pageId="5" pageNumber="541" value="2012-10-09">x 9–12</date>
|
||
µm and 280
|
||
<date id="311D10583D2B8E66FD8D7857FD97FADF" box="[563,598,1304,1327]" pageId="5" pageNumber="541">x 7</date>
|
||
µm, respectively). Two of them also have microscleres:
|
||
<emphasis id="77D7EA8A3D2B8E66FB757856FB1EFAC0" box="[1227,1247,1305,1328]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="541">H</emphasis>
|
||
. (
|
||
<emphasis id="77D7EA8A3D2B8E66FB487857FAE7FAC0" box="[1270,1318,1304,1328]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="541">Gell</emphasis>
|
||
.)
|
||
<taxonomicName id="82A34D1B3D2B8E66FA837857FA5DFAC0" box="[1341,1436,1304,1328]" class="Demospongiae" family="Chalinidae" genus="Haliclona" kingdom="Animalia" order="Haplosclerida" pageId="5" pageNumber="541" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="calcinea">
|
||
<emphasis id="77D7EA8A3D2B8E66FA837857FA5DFAC0" box="[1341,1436,1304,1328]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="541">calcinea</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
has sigmas and toxas and
|
||
<emphasis id="77D7EA8A3D2B8E66FE097872FE0AFAA4" box="[439,459,1341,1364]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="541">H</emphasis>
|
||
. (
|
||
<emphasis id="77D7EA8A3D2B8E66FE5C7873FDD3FAA4" box="[482,530,1340,1364]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="541">Gell</emphasis>
|
||
.)
|
||
<taxonomicName id="82A34D1B3D2B8E66FD977872FD56FAA4" box="[553,663,1341,1364]" class="Demospongiae" family="Chalinidae" genus="Haliclona" kingdom="Animalia" order="Haplosclerida" pageId="5" pageNumber="541" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="tenerrima">
|
||
<emphasis id="77D7EA8A3D2B8E66FD977872FD56FAA4" box="[553,663,1341,1364]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="541">tenerrima</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
has toxas.
|
||
<emphasis id="77D7EA8A3D2B8E66FCAD7872FCE6FAA4" box="[787,807,1341,1364]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="541">H</emphasis>
|
||
. (
|
||
<emphasis id="77D7EA8A3D2B8E66FC807873FCAFFAA4" box="[830,878,1340,1364]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="541">Gell</emphasis>
|
||
.)
|
||
<taxonomicName id="82A34D1B3D2B8E66FC3B7873FBC7FAA4" box="[901,1030,1340,1364]" class="Demospongiae" family="Chalinidae" genus="Haliclona" kingdom="Animalia" order="Haplosclerida" pageId="5" pageNumber="541" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="megasclera">
|
||
<emphasis id="77D7EA8A3D2B8E66FC3B7873FBC7FAA4" box="[901,1030,1340,1364]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="541">megasclera</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
has raphid-like growth stages of the oxea (Lehnert & van
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="21324B693D2B8E66FE38782FFDCCFA88" author="Soest" box="[390,525,1375,1400]" pageId="5" pageNumber="541" refString="Lehnert, H. & Soest, R. W. M. van (1996) North Jamaican deep fore-reef sponges. Beaufortia, 46 (4), 53 - 81." type="journal article" year="1996">Soest, 1996</bibRefCitation>
|
||
), which are absent in the new species.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="451C36983D2B8E66FF7978CBFADFF8BC" blockId="5.[151,1437,151,2013]" pageId="5" pageNumber="541">
|
||
Seven species of the subgenus
|
||
<emphasis id="77D7EA8A3D2B8E66FD9E78CAFDFDFA6C" box="[544,572,1413,1436]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="541">H.</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<taxonomicName id="82A34D1B3D2B8E66FDF278CBFD25FA6C" box="[588,740,1412,1436]" class="Demospongiae" family="Chalinidae" genus="Halichoclona" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Haplosclerida" pageId="5" pageNumber="541" phylum="Porifera" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="77D7EA8A3D2B8E66FDF278CBFD25FA6C" box="[588,740,1412,1436]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="541">Halichoclona</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
) are known from the TWA:
|
||
<emphasis id="77D7EA8A3D2B8E66FB9C78CAFBFFFA6C" box="[1058,1086,1413,1436]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="541">H.</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<emphasis id="77D7EA8A3D2B8E66FBF078CBFB5BFA6C" box="[1102,1178,1412,1436]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="541">Halich</emphasis>
|
||
.)
|
||
<taxonomicName id="82A34D1B3D2B8E66FB0F78CBFF1BFA30" authority="Hechtel, 1965" authorityName="Hechtel" authorityYear="1965" class="Demospongiae" family="Chalinidae" genus="Haliclona" kingdom="Animalia" order="Haplosclerida" pageId="5" pageNumber="541" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="albifragilis">
|
||
<emphasis id="77D7EA8A3D2B8E66FB0F78CBFAECFA6C" box="[1201,1325,1412,1436]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="541">albifragilis</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="21324B693D2B8E66FA8278CBFF13FA30" author="Hechtel" pageId="5" pageNumber="541" refString="Hechtel, G. J. (1965) A systematic study of the Demospongiae of Port Royal, Jamaica. Bulletin of the Peabody Museum of Natural History, 20, 1 - 103." type="journal article" year="1965">Hechtel, 1965</bibRefCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, from Florida,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="3DB476083D2B8E66FE3F78E8FE2FFA30" box="[385,494,1447,1472]" name="Barbados" pageId="5" pageNumber="541">Barbados</collectingCountry>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="3DB476083D2B8E66FE4678E8FDAFFA30" box="[504,622,1447,1472]" name="Venezuela" pageId="5" pageNumber="541">Venezuela</collectingCountry>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="3DB476083D2B8E66FDC778E8FD17FA30" box="[633,726,1447,1472]" name="Jamaica" pageId="5" pageNumber="541">Jamaica</collectingCountry>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="3DB476083D2B8E66FD5E78E8FCF8FA30" box="[736,825,1447,1472]" name="Bonaire, Sint Eustatius and Saba" pageId="5" pageNumber="541">Bonaire</collectingCountry>
|
||
and
|
||
<collectingCountry id="3DB476083D2B8E66FCD178E7FC0EFA30" box="[879,975,1448,1472]" name="Curaçao" pageId="5" pageNumber="541">Curaçao</collectingCountry>
|
||
, is well characterized by the combination of an opaque white color, friable consistency and slender oxea (de
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="21324B693D2B8E66FC377883FBE4FA14" author="Weerdt" box="[905,1061,1484,1509]" pageId="5" pageNumber="541" refString="Weerdt, W. H. de (2000) A monograph of the shallow-water Chalinidae (Porifera, Haplosclerida) of the Caribbean. Beaufortia, 50 (1), 1 - 67." type="journal article" year="2000">Weerdt, 2000</bibRefCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
<emphasis id="77D7EA8A3D2B8E66FB867882FB95FA14" box="[1080,1108,1485,1508]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="541">H.</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<emphasis id="77D7EA8A3D2B8E66FBDA7883FB71FA14" box="[1124,1200,1484,1508]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="541">Halich</emphasis>
|
||
.)
|
||
<taxonomicName id="82A34D1B3D2B8E66FB777883FF0EF9F8" authority="Sandes et al., 2014" authorityName="Sandes et al." authorityYear="2014" class="Demospongiae" family="Chalinidae" genus="Haliclona" kingdom="Animalia" order="Haplosclerida" pageId="5" pageNumber="541" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="dura">
|
||
<emphasis id="77D7EA8A3D2B8E66FB777883FB3FFA14" box="[1225,1278,1484,1508]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="541">dura</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="21324B693D2B8E66FABB7883FF0EF9F8" author="Sandes" pageId="5" pageNumber="541" refString="Sandes, J., Bispo, A. & Pinheiro, U. S. (2014) Two new species of Haliclona Grant, 1836 (Haplosclerida: Chalinidae) from Sergipe State, Brazil. Zootaxa, 3793 (2), 273 - 280. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.11646 / zootaxa. 3793.2.7" type="journal article" year="2014">
|
||
Sandes
|
||
<emphasis id="77D7EA8A3D2B8E66FAE27882FA54FA14" box="[1372,1429,1484,1508]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="541">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
, 2014
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
from Sergipe State, NE
|
||
<collectingCountry id="3DB476083D2B8E66FE6078A0FDE4F9F8" box="[478,549,1519,1544]" name="Brazil" pageId="5" pageNumber="541">Brazil</collectingCountry>
|
||
, is thick encrusting, dark brown, and has a hard, incompressible consistency.
|
||
<emphasis id="77D7EA8A3D2B8E66FA3F78BEFA5DF9F8" box="[1409,1436,1521,1544]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="541">H.</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<emphasis id="77D7EA8A3D2B8E66FF1E7B5BFF2DF9DC" box="[160,236,1556,1580]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="541">Halich</emphasis>
|
||
.)
|
||
<taxonomicName id="82A34D1B3D2B8E66FEBB7B5BFD92F9DD" authority="Campos et al., 2005" authorityName="Campos et al." authorityYear="2005" box="[261,595,1556,1581]" class="Demospongiae" family="Chalinidae" genus="Haliclona" kingdom="Animalia" order="Haplosclerida" pageId="5" pageNumber="541" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="lernerae">
|
||
<emphasis id="77D7EA8A3D2B8E66FEBB7B5BFEA5F9DC" box="[261,356,1556,1580]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="541">lernerae</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="21324B693D2B8E66FED37B5BFD92F9DD" author="Campos" box="[365,595,1556,1581]" pageId="5" pageNumber="541" refString="Campos, M., Mothes, B., Eckert, M. & van Soest, R. W. M. (2005) Haplosclerida (Porifera: Demospongiae) from the coast of Maranhao State, Brazil, Southwestern Atlantic. Zootaxa, 963, 1 - 22." type="journal article" year="2005">
|
||
Campos
|
||
<emphasis id="77D7EA8A3D2B8E66FE6C7B5AFDCDF9DC" box="[466,524,1556,1580]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="541">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
, 2005
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
from
|
||
<quantity id="825B9B7D3D2B8E66FD257B5BFD17F9DC" box="[667,726,1556,1580]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="9.4" pageId="5" pageNumber="541" unit="m" value="94.0">94 m</quantity>
|
||
depth at the North Brazilian continental shelf is massive with tube-like projections.
|
||
<emphasis id="77D7EA8A3D2B8E66FE2F7B76FE6CF9A0" box="[401,429,1593,1616]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="541">H.</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<emphasis id="77D7EA8A3D2B8E66FE017B77FDCAF9A0" box="[447,523,1592,1616]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="541">Halich</emphasis>
|
||
.)
|
||
<taxonomicName id="82A34D1B3D2B8E66FD9B7B77FD54F9A0" box="[549,661,1592,1616]" class="Demospongiae" family="Chalinidae" genus="Haliclona" kingdom="Animalia" order="Haplosclerida" pageId="5" pageNumber="541" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="magnifica">
|
||
<emphasis id="77D7EA8A3D2B8E66FD9B7B77FD54F9A0" box="[549,661,1592,1616]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="541">magnifica</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
de
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="21324B693D2B8E66FD7D7B78FC61F9A0" author="Weerdt" box="[707,928,1591,1616]" pageId="5" pageNumber="541" refString="Weerdt, W. H. de, Rutzler, K. & Smith, K. P. (1991) The Chalinidae (Porifera) of Twin Cays, Belize, and adjacent waters. Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington, 104 (1), 189 - 205." type="journal article" year="1991">
|
||
Weerdt
|
||
<emphasis id="77D7EA8A3D2B8E66FCA37B76FC9EF9A0" box="[797,863,1592,1616]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="541">et al.,</emphasis>
|
||
1991
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
from
|
||
<collectingCountry id="3DB476083D2B8E66FC547B78FBF5F9A0" box="[1002,1076,1591,1616]" name="Belize" pageId="5" pageNumber="541">Belize</collectingCountry>
|
||
, Florida and
|
||
<collectingCountry id="3DB476083D2B8E66FB717B77FA96F9A0" box="[1231,1367,1591,1616]" name="Puerto Rico" pageId="5" pageNumber="541">Puerto Rico</collectingCountry>
|
||
has a massive base from which arise thick walled tubes.
|
||
<emphasis id="77D7EA8A3D2B8E66FD6A7B12FD30F984" box="[724,753,1629,1652]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="541">H.</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<emphasis id="77D7EA8A3D2B8E66FCBE7B13FC8DF984" box="[768,844,1628,1652]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="541">Halich</emphasis>
|
||
.)
|
||
<taxonomicName id="82A34D1B3D2B8E66FCDB7B13FB10F985" authority="Pulitzer-Finali, 1986" authorityName="Pulitzer-Finali" authorityYear="1986" box="[869,1233,1628,1653]" class="Demospongiae" family="Chalinidae" genus="Haliclona" kingdom="Animalia" order="Haplosclerida" pageId="5" pageNumber="541" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="perforata">
|
||
<emphasis id="77D7EA8A3D2B8E66FCDB7B13FC0EF984" box="[869,975,1628,1652]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="541">perforata</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="21324B693D2B8E66FC607B13FB09F985" author="Pulitzer-Finali" box="[990,1224,1628,1653]" pageId="5" pageNumber="541" refString="Pulitzer-Finali, G. (1986) A collection of West Indian Demospongiae (Porifera). In appendix, a list of the Demospongiae hitherto recorded from the West Indies. Annali del Museo civico di storia naturale Giacomo Doria, 86, 65 - 216." type="journal article" year="1986">Pulitzer-Finali, 1986</bibRefCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
from
|
||
<collectingCountry id="3DB476083D2B8E66FAA87B12FA5DF985" box="[1302,1436,1628,1653]" name="Puerto Rico" pageId="5" pageNumber="541">Puerto Rico</collectingCountry>
|
||
has a tangential ectosomal reticulation of unispicular tracts.
|
||
<emphasis id="77D7EA8A3D2B8E66FCE27BCEFCB9F968" box="[860,888,1665,1688]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="541">H.</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<emphasis id="77D7EA8A3D2B8E66FC327BCFFC19F968" box="[908,984,1664,1688]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="541">Halich</emphasis>
|
||
.)
|
||
<taxonomicName id="82A34D1B3D2B8E66FC4A7BCEFB88F968" box="[1012,1097,1665,1688]" class="Demospongiae" family="Chalinidae" genus="Haliclona" kingdom="Animalia" order="Haplosclerida" pageId="5" pageNumber="541" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="stoneae">
|
||
<emphasis id="77D7EA8A3D2B8E66FC4A7BCEFB88F968" box="[1012,1097,1665,1688]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="541">stoneae</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
de
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="21324B693D2B8E66FBC27B30FAD7F968" author="Weerdt" box="[1148,1302,1663,1688]" pageId="5" pageNumber="541" refString="Weerdt, W. H. de (2000) A monograph of the shallow-water Chalinidae (Porifera, Haplosclerida) of the Caribbean. Beaufortia, 50 (1), 1 - 67." type="journal article" year="2000">Weerdt, 2000</bibRefCitation>
|
||
form thick cushions with large oscules and has a subisotropic tangential ectosomal reticulation with paucispicular tracts.
|
||
<emphasis id="77D7EA8A3D2B8E66FA3F7BEAFA5DF94C" box="[1409,1436,1701,1724]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="541">H.</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<emphasis id="77D7EA8A3D2B8E66FF1E7B87FF2DF910" box="[160,236,1736,1760]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="541">Halich</emphasis>
|
||
.)
|
||
<taxonomicName id="82A34D1B3D2B8E66FEBA7B87FEADF92F" box="[260,364,1736,1759]" class="Demospongiae" family="Chalinidae" genus="Haliclona" kingdom="Animalia" order="Haplosclerida" pageId="5" pageNumber="541" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="vansoesti">
|
||
<emphasis id="77D7EA8A3D2B8E66FEBA7B87FEADF92F" box="[260,364,1736,1759]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="541">vansoesti</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
de Weerdt
|
||
<emphasis id="77D7EA8A3D2B8E66FE557B86FDE2F910" box="[491,547,1736,1760]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="541">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
, 1999 has a whitish ectosome and a violet to pink choanosome, and the oscules are placed on top of short tubular projections. All these species further differ from the new species by the subisotropic choanosomal reticulation, without well-defined primary lines, and by the detachable ectosome separated from the choanosome by large subdermal cavities, typical of the subgenus (de
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="21324B693D2B8E66FBC97A7BFAD3F8BC" author="Weerdt" box="[1143,1298,1844,1869]" pageId="5" pageNumber="541" refString="Weerdt, W. H. de (2002) Family Chalinidae Gray, 1867. In: Hooper, J. N. A. & Van Soest, R. W. M. (Eds.), Systema Porifera. Vol. 1. A guide to the classification of sponges. Kluwer Academic / Plenum Publishers, New York. pp. 852 - 873." type="book chapter" year="2002">Weerdt, 2002</bibRefCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="451C36983D2B8E65FF797A18FDDAFE05" blockId="5.[151,1437,151,2013]" lastBlockId="6.[151,1437,151,2013]" lastPageId="6" lastPageNumber="542" pageId="5" pageNumber="541">
|
||
Twenty-three species are currently accepted in the subgenus
|
||
<emphasis id="77D7EA8A3D2B8E66FCD17A16FC4AF880" box="[879,907,1881,1904]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="541">H.</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<taxonomicName id="82A34D1B3D2B8E66FC257A17FBCAF880" box="[923,1035,1880,1904]" class="Demospongiae" family="Chalinidae" genus="Haliclona" kingdom="Animalia" order="Haplosclerida" pageId="5" pageNumber="541" phylum="Porifera" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="77D7EA8A3D2B8E66FC257A17FBCAF880" box="[923,1035,1880,1904]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="541">Haliclona</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
) in the World Porifera Database, of which only one occurs in the Tropical Western Atlantic (cf. de
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="21324B693D2B8E66FCDD7A33FC3FF864" author="Weerdt" box="[867,1022,1916,1941]" pageId="5" pageNumber="541" refString="Weerdt, W. H. de (2000) A monograph of the shallow-water Chalinidae (Porifera, Haplosclerida) of the Caribbean. Beaufortia, 50 (1), 1 - 67." type="journal article" year="2000">Weerdt, 2000</bibRefCitation>
|
||
; van Soest
|
||
<emphasis id="77D7EA8A3D2B8E66FBC17A32FB79F864" box="[1151,1208,1916,1940]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="541">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
, 2014):
|
||
<emphasis id="77D7EA8A3D2B8E66FAA77A32FAF4F864" box="[1305,1333,1917,1940]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="541">H.</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<emphasis id="77D7EA8A3D2B8E66FAFB7A33FA52F864" box="[1349,1427,1916,1940]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="541">Halicl.</emphasis>
|
||
)
|
||
<taxonomicName id="82A34D1B3D2B8E66FF297AEFFEFDF848" authority="Zea" authorityName="Zea" box="[151,316,1952,1976]" class="Demospongiae" family="Chalinidae" genus="Haliclona" kingdom="Animalia" order="Haplosclerida" pageId="5" pageNumber="541" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="epiphytica">
|
||
<emphasis id="77D7EA8A3D2B8E66FF297AEFFECDF848" box="[151,268,1952,1976]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="541">epiphytica</emphasis>
|
||
Zea
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
& de Weerdt, 1999 from the Colombian Caribbean forms cream-colored, thin incrustations (
|
||
<quantity id="825B9B7D3D2B8E66FAF97AEFFF78F82C" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6" metricValueMax="11.0" metricValueMin="1.0" pageId="5" pageNumber="541" unit="cm" value="0.6" valueMax="1.1" valueMin="0.1">0.1–1.1 cm</quantity>
|
||
thick), exclusively epibiotic on seaweeds, has a tangential ectosomal reticulation, and has thick, short oxeas (63–97 µm long; Zea & de Weerdt, 1999; de
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="21324B693D288E65FD2A7DD8FCEEFF40" author="Weerdt" box="[660,815,151,176]" pageId="6" pageNumber="542" refString="Weerdt, W. H. de (2000) A monograph of the shallow-water Chalinidae (Porifera, Haplosclerida) of the Caribbean. Beaufortia, 50 (1), 1 - 67." type="journal article" year="2000">Weerdt, 2000</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). Although not allocated to any subgenera by the WPD (van Soest
|
||
<emphasis id="77D7EA8A3D288E65FEAD7DF2FE8DFF24" box="[275,332,188,212]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="542">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
, 2014), two other species from Southern
|
||
<collectingCountry id="3DB476083D288E65FCA27DF3FCA1FF25" box="[796,864,188,213]" name="Brazil" pageId="6" pageNumber="542">Brazil</collectingCountry>
|
||
have been included in the subgenus
|
||
<taxonomicName id="82A34D1B3D288E65FB427DF3FAADFF24" box="[1276,1388,188,212]" class="Demospongiae" family="Chalinidae" genus="Haliclona" kingdom="Animalia" order="Haplosclerida" pageId="6" pageNumber="542" phylum="Porifera" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="77D7EA8A3D288E65FB427DF3FAADFF24" box="[1276,1388,188,212]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="542">Haliclona</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
due to their ladder-like reticulate skeleton with unispicular secondary lines:
|
||
<emphasis id="77D7EA8A3D288E65FC047DAEFC16FF08" box="[954,983,225,248]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="542">H.</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<emphasis id="77D7EA8A3D288E65FC587DAFFBF2FF08" box="[998,1075,224,248]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="542">Halicl.</emphasis>
|
||
)
|
||
<taxonomicName id="82A34D1B3D288E65FBFA7DAFFF0EFEEC" authority="Mothes & Lerner, 1994" authorityName="Mothes & Lerner" authorityYear="1994" class="Demospongiae" family="Chalinidae" genus="Haliclona" kingdom="Animalia" order="Haplosclerida" pageId="6" pageNumber="542" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="catarinensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="77D7EA8A3D288E65FBFA7DAFFB0CFF07" box="[1092,1229,224,247]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="542">catarinensis</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="21324B693D288E65FB6A7D90FF0EFEEC" author="Mothes" pageId="6" pageNumber="542" refString="Mothes, B. & Lerner, C. B. (1994) Esponjas marinhas do infralitoral de Bombinhas (Santa Catarina, Brasil) com descricao de tres especies novas (Porifera: Calcarea e Demospongiae). Biociencias, 2 (1), 47 - 62." type="journal article" year="1994">Mothes & Lerner, 1994</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<emphasis id="77D7EA8A3D288E65FEB47C4AFEE7FEEC" box="[266,294,261,284]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="542">H.</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<emphasis id="77D7EA8A3D288E65FE867C4BFE47FEEC" box="[312,390,260,284]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="542">Halicl.</emphasis>
|
||
)
|
||
<taxonomicName id="82A34D1B3D288E65FE267C4BFCC6FEEC" authority="Mothes & Lerner, 1994" authorityName="Mothes & Lerner" authorityYear="1994" box="[408,775,260,285]" class="Demospongiae" family="Chalinidae" genus="Haliclona" kingdom="Animalia" order="Haplosclerida" pageId="6" pageNumber="542" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="lilaceus">
|
||
<emphasis id="77D7EA8A3D288E65FE267C4BFE2EFEEC" box="[408,495,260,284]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="542">lilaceus</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="21324B693D288E65FE467C4BFCC6FEEC" author="Mothes" box="[504,775,260,285]" pageId="6" pageNumber="542" refString="Mothes, B. & Lerner, C. B. (1994) Esponjas marinhas do infralitoral de Bombinhas (Santa Catarina, Brasil) com descricao de tres especies novas (Porifera: Calcarea e Demospongiae). Biociencias, 2 (1), 47 - 62." type="journal article" year="1994">Mothes & Lerner, 1994</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(cf.
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="21324B693D288E65FCFE7C4BFBE3FEEC" author="Muricy" box="[832,1058,260,285]" pageId="6" pageNumber="542" refString="Muricy, G., Lopes, D. A., Hajdu, E., Carvalho, M. S., Moraes, F. C., Klautau, M., Menegola, C. & Pinheiro, U. (2011) Catalogue of Brazilian Porifera. Museu Nacional, Rio de Janeiro, 300 pp. [Serie Livros, nº 46]" type="book" year="2011">
|
||
Muricy
|
||
<emphasis id="77D7EA8A3D288E65FC227C4AFC16FEEC" box="[924,983,260,284]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="542">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
, 2011
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
; Bispo
|
||
<emphasis id="77D7EA8A3D288E65FBC57C4AFB74FEEC" box="[1147,1205,260,284]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="542">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
, 2014).
|
||
<emphasis id="77D7EA8A3D288E65FAA97C4AFAF5FEEC" box="[1303,1332,261,284]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="542">H.</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<emphasis id="77D7EA8A3D288E65FAFB7C4BFA52FEEC" box="[1349,1427,260,284]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="542">Halicl.</emphasis>
|
||
)
|
||
<taxonomicName id="82A34D1B3D288E65FF297C67FEE1FECF" box="[151,288,296,319]" class="Demospongiae" family="Chalinidae" genus="Haliclona" kingdom="Animalia" order="Haplosclerida" pageId="6" pageNumber="542" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="catarinensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="77D7EA8A3D288E65FF297C67FEE1FECF" box="[151,288,296,319]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="542">catarinensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
differs from
|
||
<emphasis id="77D7EA8A3D288E65FE027C66FE19FEB0" box="[444,472,297,320]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="542">H.</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<emphasis id="77D7EA8A3D288E65FE547C67FDE2FEB0" box="[490,547,296,320]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="542">Rhiz.</emphasis>
|
||
)
|
||
<taxonomicName id="82A34D1B3D288E65FD8B7C67FD45FEB0" box="[565,644,296,320]" class="Demospongiae" family="Chalinidae" genus="Haliclona" kingdom="Animalia" order="Haplosclerida" pageId="6" pageNumber="542" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="fugidia" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="77D7EA8A3D288E65FD8B7C67FD45FEB0" box="[565,644,296,320]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="542">fugidia</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="6CE457F13D288E65FD307C68FD2AFEB0" box="[654,747,295,320]" pageId="6" pageNumber="542" rank="species">
|
||
<emphasis id="77D7EA8A3D288E65FD307C68FD2AFEB0" bold="true" box="[654,747,295,320]" pageId="6" pageNumber="542">sp. nov.</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
by the orange-gray color, the absence of superficial canals, subectosomal and choanosomal lacunae, the multispicular ascending spicule tracts (
|
||
<emphasis id="77D7EA8A3D288E65FBF77C02FBA6FE94" box="[1097,1127,333,356]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="542">vs.</emphasis>
|
||
uni- to paucispicular tracts in the new species), and the larger oxeas (111‒161/3‒9
|
||
<emphasis id="77D7EA8A3D288E65FCBD7C3EFCDBFE78" box="[771,794,369,392]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="542">vs</emphasis>
|
||
. 86‒124/1‒6 µm).
|
||
<emphasis id="77D7EA8A3D288E65FC4C7C3EFBCFFE78" box="[1010,1038,369,392]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="542">H.</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<emphasis id="77D7EA8A3D288E65FBA37C3FFBAAFE78" box="[1053,1131,368,392]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="542">Halicl.</emphasis>
|
||
)
|
||
<taxonomicName id="82A34D1B3D288E65FBC57C3FFB13FE78" box="[1147,1234,368,392]" class="Demospongiae" family="Chalinidae" genus="Haliclona" kingdom="Animalia" order="Haplosclerida" pageId="6" pageNumber="542" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="lilaceus">
|
||
<emphasis id="77D7EA8A3D288E65FBC57C3FFB13FE78" box="[1147,1234,368,392]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="542">lilaceus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is distinguishable by its violet color, thin encrusting shape (
|
||
<quantity id="825B9B7D3D288E65FDCD7CDBFD72FE5C" box="[627,691,404,428]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" pageId="6" pageNumber="542" unit="mm" value="1.0">1 mm</quantity>
|
||
thick), microconulose surface, and multispicular ascending tracts (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="21324B693D288E65FF207CF8FE71FE20" author="Mothes" box="[158,432,439,464]" pageId="6" pageNumber="542" refString="Mothes, B. & Lerner, C. B. (1994) Esponjas marinhas do infralitoral de Bombinhas (Santa Catarina, Brasil) com descricao de tres especies novas (Porifera: Calcarea e Demospongiae). Biociencias, 2 (1), 47 - 62." type="journal article" year="1994">Mothes & Lerner, 1994</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). These two species from S
|
||
<collectingCountry id="3DB476083D288E65FD4A7CF8FCF9FE20" box="[756,824,439,464]" name="Brazil" pageId="6" pageNumber="542">Brazil</collectingCountry>
|
||
need revision for a more detailed description of their skeleton and external morphology.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="451C36983D288E65FF797CB0FB17FC54" blockId="6.[151,1437,151,2013]" pageId="6" pageNumber="542">
|
||
The subgenus
|
||
<emphasis id="77D7EA8A3D288E65FEDA7F4EFEBEFDE8" box="[356,383,513,536]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="542">H.</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<taxonomicName id="82A34D1B3D288E65FE337F4FFE25FDE7" box="[397,484,512,535]" class="Demospongiae" family="Chalinidae" genus="Reniera" kingdom="Animalia" order="Haplosclerida" pageId="6" pageNumber="542" phylum="Porifera" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="77D7EA8A3D288E65FE337F4FFE25FDE7" box="[397,484,512,535]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="542">Reniera</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
) is represented in TWA by eight species.
|
||
<emphasis id="77D7EA8A3D288E65FC197F4EFC02FDE8" box="[935,963,513,536]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="542">H.</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<emphasis id="77D7EA8A3D288E65FC6F7F4EFBC2FDE8" box="[977,1027,513,536]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="542">Ren.</emphasis>
|
||
)
|
||
<emphasis id="77D7EA8A3D288E65FBAC7F4FFBB1FDE8" box="[1042,1136,512,536]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="542">chlorilla</emphasis>
|
||
Bispo
|
||
<emphasis id="77D7EA8A3D288E65FB027F4EFB33FDE8" box="[1212,1266,512,536]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="542">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
, 2014 from NE
|
||
<collectingCountry id="3DB476083D288E65FF297F6BFF1BFDCD" box="[151,218,548,573]" name="Brazil" pageId="6" pageNumber="542">Brazil</collectingCountry>
|
||
forms delicate, anastomosing branches, dark green to black in color.
|
||
<emphasis id="77D7EA8A3D288E65FC627F6AFC39FDCC" box="[988,1016,549,572]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="542">H.</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<emphasis id="77D7EA8A3D288E65FBB67F6AFBFBFDCC" box="[1032,1082,549,572]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="542">Ren.</emphasis>
|
||
)
|
||
<taxonomicName id="82A34D1B3D288E65FBF47F6BFA56FDCD" authority="Hechtel, 1965" authorityName="Hechtel" authorityYear="1965" box="[1098,1431,548,573]" class="Demospongiae" family="Chalinidae" genus="Haliclona" kingdom="Animalia" order="Haplosclerida" pageId="6" pageNumber="542" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="implexiformis">
|
||
<emphasis id="77D7EA8A3D288E65FBF47F6BFB21FDCC" box="[1098,1248,548,572]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="542">implexiformis</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="21324B693D288E65FB4E7F6BFA4EFDCD" author="Hechtel" box="[1264,1423,548,573]" pageId="6" pageNumber="542" refString="Hechtel, G. J. (1965) A systematic study of the Demospongiae of Port Royal, Jamaica. Bulletin of the Peabody Museum of Natural History, 20, 1 - 103." type="journal article" year="1965">Hechtel, 1965</bibRefCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, widely distributed in the Caribbean, is bright violet-pink.
|
||
<emphasis id="77D7EA8A3D288E65FCA27F06FCF6FD90" box="[796,823,585,608]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="542">H.</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<emphasis id="77D7EA8A3D288E65FCF67F06FCBBFD90" box="[840,890,585,608]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="542">Ren.</emphasis>
|
||
)
|
||
<taxonomicName id="82A34D1B3D288E65FC357F07FB6EFD90" authority="Alcolado, 1984" authorityName="Alcolado" authorityYear="1984" box="[907,1199,583,608]" class="Demospongiae" family="Chalinidae" genus="Haliclona" kingdom="Animalia" order="Haplosclerida" pageId="6" pageNumber="542" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="manglaris">
|
||
<emphasis id="77D7EA8A3D288E65FC357F07FC3BFD90" box="[907,1018,584,608]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="542">manglaris</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="21324B693D288E65FBBD7F08FB6EFD90" author="Alcolado" box="[1027,1199,583,608]" pageId="6" pageNumber="542" refString="Alcolado, P. M. (1984) Nuevas especies de esponjas encontradas en Cuba. Poeyana, 271, 1 - 22." type="journal article" year="1984">Alcolado, 1984</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, known from several Caribbean localities and also from NE
|
||
<collectingCountry id="3DB476083D288E65FDF77F23FD4FFD75" box="[585,654,620,645]" name="Brazil" pageId="6" pageNumber="542">Brazil</collectingCountry>
|
||
, is green or bright turquoise-green and form laterally spreading sheets with low volcano-shaped elevations.
|
||
<emphasis id="77D7EA8A3D288E65FD927FDEFD86FD58" box="[556,583,657,680]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="542">H.</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<emphasis id="77D7EA8A3D288E65FDE87FDEFD49FD58" box="[598,648,657,680]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="542">Ren.</emphasis>
|
||
)
|
||
<taxonomicName id="82A34D1B3D288E65FD297FDFFCD8FD58" box="[663,793,656,680]" class="Demospongiae" family="Chalinidae" genus="Haliclona" kingdom="Animalia" order="Haplosclerida" pageId="6" pageNumber="542" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="mucifibrosa">
|
||
<emphasis id="77D7EA8A3D288E65FD297FDFFCD8FD58" box="[663,793,656,680]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="542">mucifibrosa</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
de
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="21324B693D288E65FCFE7FC0FBD1FD58" author="Weerdt" box="[832,1040,655,680]" pageId="6" pageNumber="542" refString="Weerdt, W. H. de, Rutzler, K. & Smith, K. P. (1991) The Chalinidae (Porifera) of Twin Cays, Belize, and adjacent waters. Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington, 104 (1), 189 - 205." type="journal article" year="1991">
|
||
Weerdt
|
||
<emphasis id="77D7EA8A3D288E65FC2B7FDEFC0DFD58" box="[917,972,656,680]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="542">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
, 1991
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
from
|
||
<collectingCountry id="3DB476083D288E65FBEC7FC0FB5BFD58" box="[1106,1178,655,680]" name="Belize" pageId="6" pageNumber="542">Belize</collectingCountry>
|
||
, Florida,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="3DB476083D288E65FABC7FC0FAAFFD58" box="[1282,1390,655,680]" name="Colombia" pageId="6" pageNumber="542">Colombia</collectingCountry>
|
||
and
|
||
<collectingCountry id="3DB476083D288E65FF297FFBFF2EFD3D" box="[151,239,692,717]" name="Jamaica" pageId="6" pageNumber="542">Jamaica</collectingCountry>
|
||
is greyish purple to bluish gray, has an irregularly massive base and short thick-walled oscular chimneys.
|
||
<emphasis id="77D7EA8A3D288E65FA3F7FFAFA5CFD3C" box="[1409,1437,693,716]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="542">H.</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<emphasis id="77D7EA8A3D288E65FF1E7F96FF13FD00" box="[160,210,729,752]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="542">Ren.</emphasis>
|
||
)
|
||
<taxonomicName id="82A34D1B3D288E65FF5D7F97FDA8FD00" authority="Jackson et al., 2006" authorityName="Jackson et al." authorityYear="2006" box="[227,617,727,752]" class="Demospongiae" family="Chalinidae" genus="Haliclona" kingdom="Animalia" order="Haplosclerida" pageId="6" pageNumber="542" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="portroyalensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="77D7EA8A3D288E65FF5D7F97FE41FD00" box="[227,384,728,752]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="542">portroyalensis</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="21324B693D288E65FE377F98FDA8FD00" author="Jackson" box="[393,617,727,752]" pageId="6" pageNumber="542" refString="Jackson, C. P. J., Weerdt, W. H. de & Webber, M. K. (2006) Haliclona (Reniera) portroyalensis n. sp., a new chalinid sponge (Porifera, Demospongiae, Haplosclerida) from the southeast coast of Jamaica. Zootaxa, 1319, 59 - 68." type="journal article" year="2006">
|
||
Jackson
|
||
<emphasis id="77D7EA8A3D288E65FE577F96FDE3FD00" box="[489,546,728,752]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="542">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
, 2006
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
from
|
||
<collectingCountry id="3DB476083D288E65FD0E7F98FCC9FD00" box="[688,776,727,752]" name="Jamaica" pageId="6" pageNumber="542">Jamaica</collectingCountry>
|
||
is purple and digitate.
|
||
<emphasis id="77D7EA8A3D288E65FBB07F96FBEBFD00" box="[1038,1066,729,752]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="542">H.</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<emphasis id="77D7EA8A3D288E65FB857F96FBACFD00" box="[1083,1133,729,752]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="542">Ren.</emphasis>
|
||
)
|
||
<taxonomicName id="82A34D1B3D288E65FBC07F97FB1BFD00" box="[1150,1242,728,752]" class="Demospongiae" family="Chalinidae" genus="Haliclona" kingdom="Animalia" order="Haplosclerida" pageId="6" pageNumber="542" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="ruetzleri">
|
||
<emphasis id="77D7EA8A3D288E65FBC07F97FB1BFD00" box="[1150,1242,728,752]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="542">ruetzleri</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
de
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="21324B693D288E65FAB97F98FA5DFD00" author="Weerdt" box="[1287,1436,727,752]" pageId="6" pageNumber="542" refString="Weerdt, W. H. de (2000) A monograph of the shallow-water Chalinidae (Porifera, Haplosclerida) of the Caribbean. Beaufortia, 50 (1), 1 - 67." type="journal article" year="2000">Weerdt, 2000</bibRefCitation>
|
||
from
|
||
<collectingCountry id="3DB476083D288E65FF6C7FB3FED9FCE5" box="[210,280,764,789]" name="Belize" pageId="6" pageNumber="542">Belize</collectingCountry>
|
||
is light brown, with extremely delicate, slender anastomosing branches.
|
||
<emphasis id="77D7EA8A3D288E65FB907FB2FB88FCE4" box="[1070,1097,765,788]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="542">H.</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<emphasis id="77D7EA8A3D288E65FBE67FB2FB4BFCE4" box="[1112,1162,765,788]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="542">Ren.</emphasis>
|
||
)
|
||
<taxonomicName id="82A34D1B3D288E65FB277FB3FA5DFCE5" authority="Lehnert" authorityName="Lehnert" box="[1177,1436,764,789]" class="Demospongiae" family="Chalinidae" genus="Haliclona" kingdom="Animalia" order="Haplosclerida" pageId="6" pageNumber="542" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="strongylophora">
|
||
<emphasis id="77D7EA8A3D288E65FB277FB3FA80FCE4" box="[1177,1345,764,788]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="542">strongylophora</emphasis>
|
||
Lehnert
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
& van
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="21324B693D288E65FF597E6FFEABFCC8" author="Soest" box="[231,362,799,824]" pageId="6" pageNumber="542" refString="Lehnert, H. & Soest, R. W. M. van (1996) North Jamaican deep fore-reef sponges. Beaufortia, 46 (4), 53 - 81." type="journal article" year="1996">Soest, 1996</bibRefCitation>
|
||
from
|
||
<collectingCountry id="3DB476083D288E65FE0D7E50FDCAFCC8" box="[435,523,799,824]" name="Jamaica" pageId="6" pageNumber="542">Jamaica</collectingCountry>
|
||
is encrusting, dark brown, and its megascleres are strongyles.
|
||
<emphasis id="77D7EA8A3D288E65FB6A7E6EFB2EFCC8" box="[1236,1263,801,824]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="542">H.</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<emphasis id="77D7EA8A3D288E65FABF7E6EFAF2FCC8" box="[1281,1331,801,824]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="542">Ren.</emphasis>
|
||
)
|
||
<taxonomicName id="82A34D1B3D288E65FAFB7E6FFE74FCAC" authority="George & Wilson, 1919" authorityName="George & Wilson" authorityYear="1919" class="Demospongiae" family="Chalinidae" genus="Haliclona" kingdom="Animalia" order="Haplosclerida" pageId="6" pageNumber="542" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="tubifera">
|
||
<emphasis id="77D7EA8A3D288E65FAFB7E6FFA5AFCC8" box="[1349,1435,800,824]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="542">tubifera</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="21324B693D288E65FF207E0BFE6CFCAC" author="George" box="[158,429,836,861]" pageId="6" pageNumber="542" refString="George, W. C. & Wilson, H. V. (1919) Sponges of Beaufort (N. C.) Harbor and vicinity. Bulletin of the Bureau of Fisheries, Washington, 36, 129 - 179." type="journal article" year="1919">George & Wilson, 1919</bibRefCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, known from the Caribbean to North Carolina, has abundant volcano- or chimney-shaped oscular elevations. All these species are easily distinguishable from the new species by the (sub)isotropic choanosomal reticulation, without well-defined primary lines, typical of the subgenus
|
||
<emphasis id="77D7EA8A3D288E65FBFA7EC2FB99FC54" box="[1092,1112,909,932]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="542">H</emphasis>
|
||
. (
|
||
<taxonomicName id="82A34D1B3D288E65FBD17EC2FB07FC54" box="[1135,1222,909,932]" class="Demospongiae" family="Chalinidae" genus="Reniera" kingdom="Animalia" order="Haplosclerida" pageId="6" pageNumber="542" phylum="Porifera" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="77D7EA8A3D288E65FBD17EC2FB07FC54" box="[1135,1222,909,932]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="542">Reniera</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="451C36983D288E65FF797EE0FC48FA14" blockId="6.[151,1437,151,2013]" pageId="6" pageNumber="542">
|
||
The subgenus
|
||
<emphasis id="77D7EA8A3D288E65FED97EFEFE42FC38" box="[359,387,945,968]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="542">H.</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<taxonomicName id="82A34D1B3D288E65FE2C7EFFFE36FC38" box="[402,503,944,968]" class="Demospongea" family="Chalinidae" genus="Soestella" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Haplosclerida" pageId="6" pageNumber="542" phylum="Porifera" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="77D7EA8A3D288E65FE2C7EFFFE36FC38" box="[402,503,944,968]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="542">Soestella</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
) has 21 species, of which 11 occur in TWA:
|
||
<emphasis id="77D7EA8A3D288E65FC567EFEFBC2FC38" box="[1000,1027,945,968]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="542">H.</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<emphasis id="77D7EA8A3D288E65FBAD7EFFFB94FC37" box="[1043,1109,944,967]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="542">Soest.</emphasis>
|
||
)
|
||
<taxonomicName id="82A34D1B3D288E65FBDA7EFFFA5DFC38" authority="Sandes et al., 2014" authorityName="Sandes et al." authorityYear="2014" box="[1124,1436,943,968]" class="Demospongiae" family="Chalinidae" genus="Haliclona" kingdom="Animalia" order="Haplosclerida" pageId="6" pageNumber="542" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="brassica">
|
||
<emphasis id="77D7EA8A3D288E65FBDA7EFFFB02FC38" box="[1124,1219,944,968]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="542">brassica</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="21324B693D288E65FB747EE0FA5DFC38" author="Sandes" box="[1226,1436,943,968]" pageId="6" pageNumber="542" refString="Sandes, J., Bispo, A. & Pinheiro, U. S. (2014) Two new species of Haliclona Grant, 1836 (Haplosclerida: Chalinidae) from Sergipe State, Brazil. Zootaxa, 3793 (2), 273 - 280. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.11646 / zootaxa. 3793.2.7" type="journal article" year="2014">
|
||
Sandes
|
||
<emphasis id="77D7EA8A3D288E65FAA17EFEFA8EFC38" box="[1311,1359,944,968]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="542">et al</emphasis>
|
||
., 2014
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
from NE
|
||
<collectingCountry id="3DB476083D288E65FEBB7E9BFE88FC1D" box="[261,329,980,1005]" name="Brazil" pageId="6" pageNumber="542">Brazil</collectingCountry>
|
||
is lamellate and its spicules are strongyles and raphides.
|
||
<emphasis id="77D7EA8A3D288E65FC5E7E9AFC35FC1C" box="[992,1012,981,1004]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="542">H</emphasis>
|
||
. (
|
||
<emphasis id="77D7EA8A3D288E65FBB07E9BFB88FC1B" box="[1038,1097,980,1003]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="542">Soest</emphasis>
|
||
.)
|
||
<taxonomicName id="82A34D1B3D288E65FBDD7E9BFA41FC1D" authority="Hechtel, 1965" authorityName="Hechtel" authorityYear="1965" box="[1123,1408,980,1005]" class="Demospongiae" family="Chalinidae" genus="Haliclona" kingdom="Animalia" order="Haplosclerida" pageId="6" pageNumber="542" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="caerulea">
|
||
<emphasis id="77D7EA8A3D288E65FBDD7E9BFB04FC1C" box="[1123,1221,980,1004]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="542">caerulea</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="21324B693D288E65FB6B7E9BFAB6FC1D" author="Hechtel" box="[1237,1399,980,1005]" pageId="6" pageNumber="542" refString="Hechtel, G. J. (1965) A systematic study of the Demospongiae of Port Royal, Jamaica. Bulletin of the Peabody Museum of Natural History, 20, 1 - 103." type="journal article" year="1965">Hechtel, 1965</bibRefCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is widely distributed from the Caribbean to Bahia State, NE
|
||
<collectingCountry id="3DB476083D288E65FC877EB8FCBCFBE0" box="[825,893,1015,1040]" name="Brazil" pageId="6" pageNumber="542">Brazil</collectingCountry>
|
||
(Hajdu
|
||
<emphasis id="77D7EA8A3D288E65FC617EB6FBD3FBE0" box="[991,1042,1016,1040]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="542">et al</emphasis>
|
||
., 2011); it usually forms irregular cushions with thin digitations ranging from yellowish green to light blue in color and has sigmas.
|
||
<emphasis id="77D7EA8A3D288E65FA9F7952FAF4FBC4" box="[1313,1333,1053,1076]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="542">H</emphasis>
|
||
. (
|
||
<emphasis id="77D7EA8A3D288E65FAEE7953FA4AFBC3" box="[1360,1419,1052,1075]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="542">Soest</emphasis>
|
||
.)
|
||
<taxonomicName id="82A34D1B3D288E65FF29790FFF2FFBA8" box="[151,238,1088,1112]" class="Demospongiae" family="Chalinidae" genus="Haliclona" kingdom="Animalia" order="Haplosclerida" pageId="6" pageNumber="542" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="lehnerti">
|
||
<emphasis id="77D7EA8A3D288E65FF29790FFF2FFBA8" box="[151,238,1088,1112]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="542">lehnerti</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
de
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="21324B693D288E65FEA87970FE6DFBA8" author="Weerdt" box="[278,428,1087,1112]" pageId="6" pageNumber="542" refString="Weerdt, W. H. de (2000) A monograph of the shallow-water Chalinidae (Porifera, Haplosclerida) of the Caribbean. Beaufortia, 50 (1), 1 - 67." type="journal article" year="2000">Weerdt, 2000</bibRefCitation>
|
||
from
|
||
<collectingCountry id="3DB476083D288E65FE4E7970FD8BFBA8" box="[496,586,1087,1112]" name="Jamaica" pageId="6" pageNumber="542">Jamaica</collectingCountry>
|
||
is dark red and has conspicuous aquiferous canals at the surface.
|
||
<emphasis id="77D7EA8A3D288E65FA9B790EFAF8FBA8" box="[1317,1337,1089,1112]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="542">H</emphasis>
|
||
. (
|
||
<emphasis id="77D7EA8A3D288E65FAEE790FFA52FBA7" box="[1360,1427,1088,1111]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="542">Soest.</emphasis>
|
||
)
|
||
<taxonomicName id="82A34D1B3D288E65FF29792BFF38FB8C" box="[151,249,1124,1148]" class="Demospongiae" family="Chalinidae" genus="Haliclona" kingdom="Animalia" order="Haplosclerida" pageId="6" pageNumber="542" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="luciensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="77D7EA8A3D288E65FF29792BFF38FB8C" box="[151,249,1124,1148]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="542">luciensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
de
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="21324B693D288E65FE9F792BFE79FB8C" author="Weerdt" box="[289,440,1124,1149]" pageId="6" pageNumber="542" refString="Weerdt, W. H. de (2000) A monograph of the shallow-water Chalinidae (Porifera, Haplosclerida) of the Caribbean. Beaufortia, 50 (1), 1 - 67." type="journal article" year="2000">Weerdt, 2000</bibRefCitation>
|
||
from
|
||
<collectingCountry id="3DB476083D288E65FE43792BFD43FB8D" box="[509,642,1124,1149]" name="Saint Lucia" pageId="6" pageNumber="542">Santa Lucia</collectingCountry>
|
||
is dark brown and has raphides.
|
||
<emphasis id="77D7EA8A3D288E65FC4D792AFBC6FB8C" box="[1011,1031,1125,1148]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="542">H</emphasis>
|
||
. (
|
||
<emphasis id="77D7EA8A3D288E65FBA0792BFB98FB8B" box="[1054,1113,1124,1147]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="542">Soest</emphasis>
|
||
.)
|
||
<taxonomicName id="82A34D1B3D288E65FBCF792BFF0EFB50" authority="Muricy & Ribeiro, 1999" authorityName="Muricy & Ribeiro" authorityYear="1999" class="Demospongiae" family="Chalinidae" genus="Haliclona" kingdom="Animalia" order="Haplosclerida" pageId="6" pageNumber="542" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="melana">
|
||
<emphasis id="77D7EA8A3D288E65FBCF792BFB05FB8C" box="[1137,1220,1124,1148]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="542">melana</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="21324B693D288E65FB75792BFF0EFB50" author="Muricy" pageId="6" pageNumber="542" refString="Muricy, G. & Ribeiro, S. M. (1999) Shallow-water Haplosclerida (Porifera, Demospongiae) from Rio de Janeiro State, Brazil (Southwestern Atlantic). Beaufortia, 49, 47 - 60." type="journal article" year="1999">Muricy & Ribeiro, 1999</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
from
|
||
<collectingCountry id="3DB476083D288E65FEAD79C7FE59FB50" box="[275,408,1159,1184]" name="Saint Lucia" pageId="6" pageNumber="542">Santa Lucia</collectingCountry>
|
||
and
|
||
<collectingCountry id="3DB476083D288E65FE7179C8FDD2FB50" box="[463,531,1159,1184]" name="Brazil" pageId="6" pageNumber="542">Brazil</collectingCountry>
|
||
is black and has toxas.
|
||
<emphasis id="77D7EA8A3D288E65FCA279C6FCF1FB50" box="[796,816,1161,1184]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="542">H</emphasis>
|
||
. (
|
||
<emphasis id="77D7EA8A3D288E65FCF679C7FC42FB6F" box="[840,899,1160,1183]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="542">Soest</emphasis>
|
||
.)
|
||
<emphasis id="77D7EA8A3D288E65FC2479C7FBF0FB50" box="[922,1073,1160,1184]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="542">piscaderensis</emphasis>
|
||
(van
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="21324B693D288E65FBCF79C7FB34FB50" author="Soest" box="[1137,1269,1160,1184]" pageId="6" pageNumber="542" refString="Soest, R. W. M. van (1980) Marine sponges from Curacao and other Caribbean localities. Part II. Haplosclerida. In: Hummelinck, P. W. & Van der Steen, L. J. (Eds.), Uitgaven van de Natuurwetenschappelijke Studiekring voor Suriname en de Nederlandse Antillen. No. 104. Studies on the Fauna of Curacao and other Caribbean Islands, 62 (191), pp. 1 - 173." type="journal article" year="1980">Soest, 1980</bibRefCitation>
|
||
) from
|
||
<collectingCountry id="3DB476083D288E65FAFC79C8FA5DFB50" box="[1346,1436,1159,1184]" name="Jamaica" pageId="6" pageNumber="542">Jamaica</collectingCountry>
|
||
and
|
||
<collectingCountry id="3DB476083D288E65FF7679E3FEE4FB34" box="[200,293,1196,1220]" name="Curaçao" pageId="6" pageNumber="542">Curaçao</collectingCountry>
|
||
is greyish yellow to light purplish brown and has sigmas.
|
||
<emphasis id="77D7EA8A3D288E65FC7779E2FC27FB34" box="[969,998,1197,1220]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="542">H.</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<emphasis id="77D7EA8A3D288E65FC4979E3FBF8FB33" box="[1015,1081,1196,1219]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="542">Soest.</emphasis>
|
||
)
|
||
<emphasis id="77D7EA8A3D288E65FBF279E3FB06FB34" box="[1100,1223,1196,1220]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="542">peixinhoae</emphasis>
|
||
Bispo
|
||
<emphasis id="77D7EA8A3D288E65FAA479E2FA95FB34" box="[1306,1364,1196,1220]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="542">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
, 2014 from Bahia State, NE
|
||
<collectingCountry id="3DB476083D288E65FE307980FE14FB18" box="[398,469,1231,1256]" name="Brazil" pageId="6" pageNumber="542">Brazil</collectingCountry>
|
||
, forms dense aggregations of erect tubes with slender torn-like projections.
|
||
<emphasis id="77D7EA8A3D288E65FA9B799EFAF8FB18" box="[1317,1337,1233,1256]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="542">H</emphasis>
|
||
. (
|
||
<emphasis id="77D7EA8A3D288E65FAEE799FFA4AFB17" box="[1360,1419,1232,1255]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="542">Soest</emphasis>
|
||
.)
|
||
<taxonomicName id="82A34D1B3D288E65FF2979BBFF2FFAFC" box="[151,238,1268,1292]" class="Demospongiae" family="Chalinidae" genus="Haliclona" kingdom="Animalia" order="Haplosclerida" pageId="6" pageNumber="542" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="smithae">
|
||
<emphasis id="77D7EA8A3D288E65FF2979BBFF2FFAFC" box="[151,238,1268,1292]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="542">smithae</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
de
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="21324B693D288E65FEA679BBFE6EFAFC" author="Weerdt" box="[280,431,1268,1293]" pageId="6" pageNumber="542" refString="Weerdt, W. H. de (2000) A monograph of the shallow-water Chalinidae (Porifera, Haplosclerida) of the Caribbean. Beaufortia, 50 (1), 1 - 67." type="journal article" year="2000">Weerdt, 2000</bibRefCitation>
|
||
form yellow-green oscular mounds and has raphides.
|
||
<emphasis id="77D7EA8A3D288E65FBAA79BAFBE9FAFC" box="[1044,1064,1269,1292]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="542">H</emphasis>
|
||
. (
|
||
<emphasis id="77D7EA8A3D288E65FBFE79BBFB43FAFB" box="[1088,1154,1268,1291]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="542">Soest.</emphasis>
|
||
)
|
||
<taxonomicName id="82A34D1B3D288E65FB2D79BAFAE3FAFC" box="[1171,1314,1269,1292]" class="Demospongiae" family="Chalinidae" genus="Haliclona" kingdom="Animalia" order="Haplosclerida" pageId="6" pageNumber="542" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="twincayensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="77D7EA8A3D288E65FB2D79BAFAE3FAFC" box="[1171,1314,1269,1292]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="542">twincayensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
de
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="21324B693D288E65FAF279BBFED7FAC0" author="Weerdt" pageId="6" pageNumber="542" refString="Weerdt, W. H. de, Rutzler, K. & Smith, K. P. (1991) The Chalinidae (Porifera) of Twin Cays, Belize, and adjacent waters. Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington, 104 (1), 189 - 205." type="journal article" year="1991">
|
||
Weerdt
|
||
<emphasis id="77D7EA8A3D288E65FF297856FF0EFAC0" box="[151,207,1304,1328]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="542">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
, 1991
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, from
|
||
<collectingCountry id="3DB476083D288E65FEE17858FE68FAC0" box="[351,425,1303,1328]" name="Belize" pageId="6" pageNumber="542">Belize</collectingCountry>
|
||
, Florida,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="3DB476083D288E65FDAD7858FD5BFAC0" box="[531,666,1303,1328]" name="Guadeloupe" pageId="6" pageNumber="542">Guadeloupe</collectingCountry>
|
||
and
|
||
<collectingCountry id="3DB476083D288E65FD6E7858FC87FAC0" box="[720,838,1303,1328]" name="Venezuela" pageId="6" pageNumber="542">Venezuela</collectingCountry>
|
||
, forms slender branches, whitish grey to pink
|
||
<emphasis id="77D7EA8A3D288E65FAF47857FA54FADF" box="[1354,1429,1304,1327]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="542">in vivo</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="77D7EA8A3D288E65FF297872FF6AFAA4" box="[151,171,1341,1364]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="542">H</emphasis>
|
||
. (
|
||
<emphasis id="77D7EA8A3D288E65FF7A7873FEC6FAA3" box="[196,263,1340,1363]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="542">Soest.</emphasis>
|
||
)
|
||
<taxonomicName id="82A34D1B3D288E65FEA67873FE54FAA4" box="[280,405,1340,1364]" class="Demospongiae" family="Chalinidae" genus="Haliclona" kingdom="Animalia" order="Haplosclerida" pageId="6" pageNumber="542" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="vermeuleni">
|
||
<emphasis id="77D7EA8A3D288E65FEA67873FE54FAA4" box="[280,405,1340,1364]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="542">vermeuleni</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
de
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="21324B693D288E65FE7F7873FD98FAA4" author="Weerdt" box="[449,601,1340,1365]" pageId="6" pageNumber="542" refString="Weerdt, W. H. de (2000) A monograph of the shallow-water Chalinidae (Porifera, Haplosclerida) of the Caribbean. Beaufortia, 50 (1), 1 - 67." type="journal article" year="2000">Weerdt, 2000</bibRefCitation>
|
||
from E Caribbean to North Carolina is blue and forms small outgrowths (oscular chimneys, blind digitations, and lobes).
|
||
<emphasis id="77D7EA8A3D288E65FD76782EFD1DFA88" box="[712,732,1377,1400]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="542">H</emphasis>
|
||
. (
|
||
<emphasis id="77D7EA8A3D288E65FD48782FFCF0FA87" box="[758,817,1376,1399]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="542">Soest</emphasis>
|
||
.)
|
||
<taxonomicName id="82A34D1B3D288E65FCF2782FFB53FA88" authority="Diaz et al., 2007" authorityName="Diaz et al." authorityYear="2007" box="[844,1170,1375,1400]" class="Demospongiae" family="Chalinidae" genus="Haliclona" kingdom="Animalia" order="Haplosclerida" pageId="6" pageNumber="542" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="walentinae">
|
||
<emphasis id="77D7EA8A3D288E65FCF2782FFC06FA88" box="[844,967,1376,1400]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="542">walentinae</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="21324B693D288E65FC6E7810FB53FA88" author="Diaz" box="[976,1170,1375,1400]" pageId="6" pageNumber="542" refString="Diaz, M. C., Thacker, R. W., Rutzler, K. & Piantoni, C. (2007) Two new haplosclerid sponges from Caribbean Panama with symbiotic filamentous cyanobacteria, and an overview of sponge-cyanobacteria associations. In: Custodio, M. R., Lobo- Hajdu, G., Hajdu, E. & Muricy, G. (Eds.), Porifera Research: Biodiversity, Innovation and Sustainability. Museu Nacional, Rio de Janeiro, pp. 31 - 39. [Brazil]" type="book chapter" year="2007">
|
||
Diaz
|
||
<emphasis id="77D7EA8A3D288E65FBB0782EFB88FA88" box="[1038,1097,1376,1400]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="542">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
, 2007
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
from
|
||
<collectingCountry id="3DB476083D288E65FB62782FFAF4FA87" box="[1244,1333,1376,1399]" name="Panama" pageId="6" pageNumber="542">Panama</collectingCountry>
|
||
is thinly encrusting, dark brown to purple externally and tan internally. All these species further differ from the new species by the irregular primary lines with a tendency to form rounded meshes both in the choanosomal and ectosomal skeletons, typical of the subgenus
|
||
<emphasis id="77D7EA8A3D288E65FDA97882FDEAFA14" box="[535,555,1485,1508]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="542">H</emphasis>
|
||
. (
|
||
<taxonomicName id="82A34D1B3D288E65FDFC7883FD66FA14" box="[578,679,1484,1508]" class="Demospongea" family="Chalinidae" genus="Soestella" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Haplosclerida" pageId="6" pageNumber="542" phylum="Porifera" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="77D7EA8A3D288E65FDFC7883FD66FA14" box="[578,679,1484,1508]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="542">Soestella</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
) (de
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="21324B693D288E65FD5C7883FCBCFA14" author="Weerdt" box="[738,893,1484,1509]" pageId="6" pageNumber="542" refString="Weerdt, W. H. de (2002) Family Chalinidae Gray, 1867. In: Hooper, J. N. A. & Van Soest, R. W. M. (Eds.), Systema Porifera. Vol. 1. A guide to the classification of sponges. Kluwer Academic / Plenum Publishers, New York. pp. 852 - 873." type="book chapter" year="2002">Weerdt, 2002</bibRefCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="451C36983D288E65FF7978A0FD88F82D" blockId="6.[151,1437,151,2013]" pageId="6" pageNumber="542">
|
||
The subgenus
|
||
<emphasis id="77D7EA8A3D288E65FED778BEFE45F9F8" box="[361,388,1521,1544]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="542">H.</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<taxonomicName id="82A34D1B3D288E65FE2A78BFFDCEF9F8" box="[404,527,1520,1544]" class="Demospongiae" family="Chalinidae" genus="Rhizoniera" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Haplosclerida" pageId="6" pageNumber="542" phylum="Porifera" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="77D7EA8A3D288E65FE2A78BFFDCEF9F8" box="[404,527,1520,1544]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="542">Rhizoniera</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
) has 17 valid species, of which only two are currently recognized from TWA:
|
||
<emphasis id="77D7EA8A3D288E65FA3F78BEFA54F9F8" box="[1409,1429,1521,1544]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="542">H</emphasis>
|
||
. (
|
||
<emphasis id="77D7EA8A3D288E65FF1E7B5BFF13F9DC" box="[160,210,1556,1580]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="542">Rhiz</emphasis>
|
||
.)
|
||
<taxonomicName id="82A34D1B3D288E65FF507B5AFE43F9DC" box="[238,386,1557,1580]" class="Demospongiae" family="Chalinidae" genus="Haliclona" kingdom="Animalia" order="Haplosclerida" pageId="6" pageNumber="542" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="curacaoensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="77D7EA8A3D288E65FF507B5AFE43F9DC" box="[238,386,1557,1580]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="542">curacaoensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(van
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="21324B693D288E65FE747B5BFD93F9DC" author="Soest" box="[458,594,1556,1580]" pageId="6" pageNumber="542" refString="Soest, R. W. M. van (1980) Marine sponges from Curacao and other Caribbean localities. Part II. Haplosclerida. In: Hummelinck, P. W. & Van der Steen, L. J. (Eds.), Uitgaven van de Natuurwetenschappelijke Studiekring voor Suriname en de Nederlandse Antillen. No. 104. Studies on the Fauna of Curacao and other Caribbean Islands, 62 (191), pp. 1 - 173." type="journal article" year="1980">Soest, 1980</bibRefCitation>
|
||
) from
|
||
<collectingCountry id="3DB476083D288E65FD167B5BFCC9F9DC" box="[680,776,1556,1580]" name="Curaçao" pageId="6" pageNumber="542">Curaçao</collectingCountry>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="3DB476083D288E65FCA67B5BFCA3F9DD" box="[792,866,1556,1581]" name="Belize" pageId="6" pageNumber="542">Belize</collectingCountry>
|
||
, South Carolina, Florida and
|
||
<collectingCountry id="3DB476083D288E65FB7C7B5BFA80F9DD" box="[1218,1345,1556,1581]" name="Saint Vincent and the Grenadines" pageId="6" pageNumber="542">Grenadines</collectingCountry>
|
||
and
|
||
<emphasis id="77D7EA8A3D288E65FA3F7B5AFA5DF9DC" box="[1409,1436,1557,1580]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="542">H.</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<emphasis id="77D7EA8A3D288E65FF1E7B77FF13F9A0" box="[160,210,1592,1616]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="542">Rhiz</emphasis>
|
||
.)
|
||
<taxonomicName id="82A34D1B3D288E65FF547B77FD4BF9A0" authority="Mothes & Lerner, 1994" authorityName="Mothes & Lerner" authorityYear="1994" box="[234,650,1591,1616]" class="Demospongiae" family="Chalinidae" genus="Haliclona" kingdom="Animalia" order="Haplosclerida" pageId="6" pageNumber="542" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="mammillaris">
|
||
<emphasis id="77D7EA8A3D288E65FF547B77FEB9F9A0" box="[234,376,1592,1616]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="542">mammillaris</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="21324B693D288E65FE3E7B78FD4BF9A0" author="Mothes" box="[384,650,1591,1616]" pageId="6" pageNumber="542" refString="Mothes, B. & Lerner, C. B. (1994) Esponjas marinhas do infralitoral de Bombinhas (Santa Catarina, Brasil) com descricao de tres especies novas (Porifera: Calcarea e Demospongiae). Biociencias, 2 (1), 47 - 62." type="journal article" year="1994">Mothes & Lerner, 1994</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
from South
|
||
<collectingCountry id="3DB476083D288E65FCA47B78FCA3F9A0" box="[794,866,1591,1616]" name="Brazil" pageId="6" pageNumber="542">Brazil</collectingCountry>
|
||
. Although these are the species most similar to
|
||
<emphasis id="77D7EA8A3D288E65FA3F7B76FA5DF9A0" box="[1409,1436,1593,1616]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="542">H.</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<emphasis id="77D7EA8A3D288E65FF1E7B13FF13F984" box="[160,210,1628,1652]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="542">Rhiz</emphasis>
|
||
.)
|
||
<taxonomicName id="82A34D1B3D288E65FF577B13FEF9F984" box="[233,312,1628,1652]" class="Demospongiae" family="Chalinidae" genus="Haliclona" kingdom="Animalia" order="Haplosclerida" pageId="6" pageNumber="542" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="fugidia" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="77D7EA8A3D288E65FF577B13FEF9F984" box="[233,312,1628,1652]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="542">fugidia</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="6CE457F13D288E65FE817B13FE59F985" box="[319,408,1628,1653]" pageId="6" pageNumber="542" rank="species">
|
||
<emphasis id="77D7EA8A3D288E65FE817B13FE59F985" bold="true" box="[319,408,1628,1653]" pageId="6" pageNumber="542">sp. nov.</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
, both clearly differ from it in external morphology:
|
||
<emphasis id="77D7EA8A3D288E65FC607B12FC3BF984" box="[990,1018,1629,1652]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="542">H.</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<emphasis id="77D7EA8A3D288E65FBB47B13FBFDF984" box="[1034,1084,1628,1652]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="542">Rhiz</emphasis>
|
||
.)
|
||
<taxonomicName id="82A34D1B3D288E65FBED7B12FB26F984" box="[1107,1255,1629,1652]" class="Demospongiae" family="Chalinidae" genus="Haliclona" kingdom="Animalia" order="Haplosclerida" pageId="6" pageNumber="542" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="curacaoensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="77D7EA8A3D288E65FBED7B12FB26F984" box="[1107,1255,1629,1652]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="542">curacaoensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is bluish-purple and has an encrusting base with closely-packed oscular mounds;
|
||
<emphasis id="77D7EA8A3D288E65FC347BCEFC64F968" box="[906,933,1665,1688]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="542">H.</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<emphasis id="77D7EA8A3D288E65FC067BCFFC2BF968" box="[952,1002,1664,1688]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="542">Rhiz</emphasis>
|
||
.)
|
||
<taxonomicName id="82A34D1B3D288E65FBBA7BCFFB53F968" box="[1028,1170,1664,1688]" class="Demospongiae" family="Chalinidae" genus="Haliclona" kingdom="Animalia" order="Haplosclerida" pageId="6" pageNumber="542" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="mammillaris">
|
||
<emphasis id="77D7EA8A3D288E65FBBA7BCFFB53F968" box="[1028,1170,1664,1688]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="542">mammillaris</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is encrusting, white in spirit, and its oscules are located on top of mamiliform projections. Other five species of
|
||
<emphasis id="77D7EA8A3D288E65FB367BEAFB5DF94C" box="[1160,1180,1701,1724]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="542">H</emphasis>
|
||
. (
|
||
<taxonomicName id="82A34D1B3D288E65FB0A7BEBFAEEF94C" box="[1204,1327,1700,1724]" class="Demospongiae" family="Chalinidae" genus="Rhizoniera" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Haplosclerida" pageId="6" pageNumber="542" phylum="Porifera" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="77D7EA8A3D288E65FB0A7BEBFAEEF94C" box="[1204,1327,1700,1724]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="542">Rhizoniera</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
) occur in other regions in the Atlantic:
|
||
<emphasis id="77D7EA8A3D288E65FE5F7B86FE3CF910" box="[481,509,1737,1760]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="542">H.</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<emphasis id="77D7EA8A3D288E65FDB37B87FDFEF910" box="[525,575,1736,1760]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="542">Rhiz</emphasis>
|
||
.)
|
||
<taxonomicName id="82A34D1B3D288E65FDE87B87FC53F910" authority="Hartman, 1958" authorityName="Hartman" authorityYear="1958" box="[598,914,1735,1760]" class="Demospongiae" family="Chalinidae" genus="Haliclona" kingdom="Animalia" order="Haplosclerida" pageId="6" pageNumber="542" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="canaliculata">
|
||
<emphasis id="77D7EA8A3D288E65FDE87B87FD23F910" box="[598,738,1736,1760]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="542">canaliculata</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="21324B693D288E65FD547B87FC53F910" author="Hartman" box="[746,914,1735,1760]" pageId="6" pageNumber="542" refString="Hartman, W. D. (1958) Natural history of the marine sponges of southern New England. Bulletin of the Peabody Museum of Natural History, 12, 1 - 155." type="journal article" year="1958">Hartman, 1958</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
from the NW Atlantic (Connecticut), is thinly encrusting, has a ridged surface, multispicular primary lines and multispicular "horizontal" spicule tracts (cf.
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="21324B693D288E65FF297A5FFE8BF8D8" author="Hartman" box="[151,330,1807,1832]" pageId="6" pageNumber="542" refString="Hartman, W. D. (1958) Natural history of the marine sponges of southern New England. Bulletin of the Peabody Museum of Natural History, 12, 1 - 155." type="journal article" year="1958">Hartman, 1958</bibRefCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
<emphasis id="77D7EA8A3D288E65FEDB7A5EFE40F8D8" box="[357,385,1809,1832]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="542">H.</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<emphasis id="77D7EA8A3D288E65FE267A5FFE0BF8D8" box="[408,458,1808,1832]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="542">Rhiz</emphasis>
|
||
.)
|
||
<taxonomicName id="82A34D1B3D288E65FE577A5FFC8EF8D8" authority="Bowerbank, 1866" authorityName="Bowerbank" authorityYear="1866" box="[489,847,1807,1832]" class="Demospongiae" family="Chalinidae" genus="Haliclona" kingdom="Animalia" order="Haplosclerida" pageId="6" pageNumber="542" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="indistincta">
|
||
<emphasis id="77D7EA8A3D288E65FE577A5FFD9EF8D8" box="[489,607,1808,1832]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="542">indistincta</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="21324B693D288E65FDC87A40FC86F8D8" author="Bowerbank" box="[630,839,1807,1832]" pageId="6" pageNumber="542" refString="Bowerbank, J. S. (1866) A Monograph of the British Spongiadae. Vol. 2. Ray Society, London, 388 pp." type="book" year="1866">Bowerbank, 1866</bibRefCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
from NE Atlantic is greenish-brown.
|
||
<emphasis id="77D7EA8A3D288E65FA987A5EFA83F8D8" box="[1318,1346,1809,1832]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="542">H.</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<emphasis id="77D7EA8A3D288E65FAE47A5FFA4DF8D8" box="[1370,1420,1808,1832]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="542">Rhiz</emphasis>
|
||
.)
|
||
<taxonomicName id="82A34D1B3D288E65FF297A7BFD95F8BC" authority="Boury-Esnault et al., 1994" authorityName="Boury-Esnault et al." authorityYear="1994" box="[151,596,1844,1869]" class="Demospongiae" family="Chalinidae" genus="Haliclona" kingdom="Animalia" order="Haplosclerida" pageId="6" pageNumber="542" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="pedunculata">
|
||
<emphasis id="77D7EA8A3D288E65FF297A7BFEE3F8BC" box="[151,290,1844,1868]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="542">pedunculata</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="21324B693D288E65FE977A7BFD95F8BC" author="Boury-Esnault" box="[297,596,1844,1869]" pageId="6" pageNumber="542" refString="Boury-Esnault, N., Pansini, M. & Uriz, M. J. (1994) Spongiaires bathyaux de la mer d'Alboran et du golfe ibero-marocain. Memoires du Museum national d'Histoire naturelle, 160, 1 - 174." type="journal article" year="1994">
|
||
Boury-Esnault
|
||
<emphasis id="77D7EA8A3D288E65FE6A7A7AFDCCF8BC" box="[468,525,1844,1868]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="542">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
, 1994
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
from Alboran Sea is stipitate and has two categories of sigmas.
|
||
<emphasis id="77D7EA8A3D288E65FA937A7AFA88F8BC" box="[1325,1353,1845,1868]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="542">H.</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<emphasis id="77D7EA8A3D288E65FAE47A7BFA4DF8BC" box="[1370,1420,1844,1868]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="542">Rhiz</emphasis>
|
||
.)
|
||
<taxonomicName id="82A34D1B3D288E65FF297A16FE74F880" authority="Bowerbank, 1866" authorityName="Bowerbank" authorityYear="1866" box="[151,437,1879,1904]" class="Demospongiae" family="Chalinidae" genus="Haliclona" kingdom="Animalia" order="Haplosclerida" pageId="6" pageNumber="542" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="rosea">
|
||
<emphasis id="77D7EA8A3D288E65FF297A16FF12F880" box="[151,211,1881,1904]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="542">rosea</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="21324B693D288E65FF5D7A18FE6CF880" author="Bowerbank" box="[227,429,1879,1904]" pageId="6" pageNumber="542" refString="Bowerbank, J. S. (1866) A Monograph of the British Spongiadae. Vol. 2. Ray Society, London, 388 pp." type="book" year="1866">Bowerbank, 1866</bibRefCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
from NE Atlantic has somewhat wavy primary lines and rather long oxeas (150–220 µm long; de
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="21324B693D288E65FF467A33FE53F865" author="Weerdt" box="[248,402,1916,1941]" pageId="6" pageNumber="542" refString="Weerdt, W. H. de (1986) A systematic revision of the North-Eastern Atlantic shallow water Haplosclerida (Porifera, Demospongiae), Part 2: Chalinidae, Beaufortia, 36 (6), 81 - 165." type="journal article" year="1986">Weerdt, 1986</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). Finally,
|
||
<emphasis id="77D7EA8A3D288E65FDBE7A32FDDDF864" box="[512,540,1917,1940]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="542">H.</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<emphasis id="77D7EA8A3D288E65FD957A33FD9CF864" box="[555,605,1916,1940]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="542">Rhiz</emphasis>
|
||
.)
|
||
<taxonomicName id="82A34D1B3D288E65FDCA7A32FCBCF864" authority="Topsent, 1888" authorityName="Topsent" authorityYear="1888" box="[628,893,1916,1940]" class="Demospongiae" family="Chalinidae" genus="Haliclona" kingdom="Animalia" order="Haplosclerida" pageId="6" pageNumber="542" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="viscosa">
|
||
<emphasis id="77D7EA8A3D288E65FDCA7A32FD06F864" box="[628,711,1917,1940]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="542">viscosa</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="21324B693D288E65FD6A7A33FCB4F864" author="Topsent" box="[724,885,1916,1940]" pageId="6" pageNumber="542" refString="Topsent, E. (1888) Contribution a l'etude des Clionides. Archives de Zoologie experimentale et generale, 2, 1 - 165." type="journal article" year="1888">Topsent, 1888</bibRefCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
from NE Atlantic and Mediterranean is greyishpurple verging to yellow towards the base, has chimney- or volcano-shaped osculiferous elevations and is extremely slimy (cf. de
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="21324B693D288E65FE1C7A8BFDFCF82D" author="Weerdt" box="[418,573,1988,2013]" pageId="6" pageNumber="542" refString="Weerdt, W. H. de (1986) A systematic revision of the North-Eastern Atlantic shallow water Haplosclerida (Porifera, Demospongiae), Part 2: Chalinidae, Beaufortia, 36 (6), 81 - 165." type="journal article" year="1986">Weerdt, 1986</bibRefCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |