226 lines
21 KiB
XML
226 lines
21 KiB
XML
<document ID-DOI="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.217.3136" ID-GBIF-Dataset="df82b2b9-6a2e-4203-b9e0-124675c72cea" ID-PMC="PMC3433701" ID-Pensoft-Pub="1313-2970-217-11" ID-PubMed="22977341" ModsDocAuthor="" ModsDocDate="2012" ModsDocID="1313-2970-217-11" ModsDocOrigin="ZooKeys 217" ModsDocTitle="Molecular phylogeny of the Trechus brucki group, with description of two new species from the Pyreneo-Cantabrian area (France, Spain) (Coleoptera, Carabidae, Trechinae)" checkinTime="1451248783098" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Faille, Arnaud, Bourdeau, Charles & Fresneda, Javier" docDate="2012" docId="CCB8C6522493144872430AA2A2785082" docLanguage="en" docName="ZooKeys 217: 11-51" docOrigin="ZooKeys 217" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.217.3136" docTitle="Trechus bouilloni Faille, Bourdeau & Fresneda, sp. n." docType="treatment" docVersion="4" lastPageNumber="15" masterDocId="FFE07130FFF3FFCA7847FFC4E92F0F70" masterDocTitle="Molecular phylogeny of the Trechus brucki group, with description of two new species from the Pyreneo-Cantabrian area (France, Spain) (Coleoptera, Carabidae, Trechinae)" masterLastPageNumber="51" masterPageNumber="11" pageNumber="13" updateTime="1668154395332" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:mods xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>Molecular phylogeny of the Trechus brucki group, with description of two new species from the Pyreneo-Cantabrian area (France, Spain) (Coleoptera, Carabidae, Trechinae)</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Faille, Arnaud</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Bourdeau, Charles</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Fresneda, Javier</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:typeOfResource>text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:relatedItem type="host">
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>ZooKeys</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:part>
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<mods:date>2012</mods:date>
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<mods:detail type="volume">
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<mods:number>217</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:extent unit="page">
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<mods:start>11</mods:start>
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<mods:end>51</mods:end>
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</mods:extent>
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</mods:part>
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</mods:relatedItem>
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<mods:location>
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<mods:url>http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.217.3136</mods:url>
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</mods:location>
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<mods:classification>journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier type="DOI">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.217.3136</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="Pensoft-Pub">1313-2970-217-11</mods:identifier>
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</mods:mods>
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<treatment ID-GBIF-Taxon="152036750" LSID="urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:C967CB33-C16A-468F-B786-E6F376B2D978" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/CCB8C6522493144872430AA2A2785082" lastPageId="4" lastPageNumber="15" pageId="2" pageNumber="13">
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<subSubSection pageId="2" pageNumber="13" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph pageId="2" pageNumber="13">
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<taxonomicName LSID="urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:C967CB33-C16A-468F-B786-E6F376B2D978" authority="Faille, Bourdeau & Fresneda" class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Trechus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Trechus bouilloni" order="Coleoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="13" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="bouilloni">Trechus bouilloni Faille, Bourdeau & Fresneda</taxonomicName>
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<taxonomicNameLabel pageId="2" pageNumber="13">sp. n.</taxonomicNameLabel>
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Figs 1815, 1629
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="2" pageNumber="13" type="type locality">
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<paragraph pageId="2" pageNumber="13">Type locality.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="2" pageNumber="13">
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Spain, Navarra,Sierra de
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<normalizedToken originalValue="Urbasa–Andía">Urbasa-Andia</normalizedToken>
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, Lizarraga, Puerto de Lizarraga, UTM (WGS 84): 30 T, X: 580, Y: 4746, Z: 900 m.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="2" pageNumber="13" type="type series">
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<paragraph pageId="2" pageNumber="13">Type series.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="2" pageNumber="13">
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Holotype (MNHN): 1 ♂, Spain, Navarra,Sierra de
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<normalizedToken originalValue="Urbasa–Andía">Urbasa-Andia</normalizedToken>
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, Lizarraga, Puerto de Lizarraga, MSS, trap: 1
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<normalizedToken originalValue="–5–1980/15–8–">-5-1980/15-8-</normalizedToken>
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1980, Bourdeau and Fresneda leg., voucher number
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<normalizedToken originalValue="ZSM–L">ZSM-L</normalizedToken>
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201, MNHN]. DNA aliquotes preserved in the DNA and tissue collections of the ZSM, MNHN and IBE; Genitalia dissected and mounted in a separate label pinned with the specimen. Paratypes: 52 ♂♂, 62 ♀♀, same label data as holotype (MNCN, MNHN, MZB, ZSM, CCB, CJF, CAF, CMT).
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="2" pageNumber="13" type="diagnosis">
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<paragraph pageId="2" pageNumber="13">Diagnosis.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="2" pageNumber="13">Large size (ca 5 mm) and round shape (Fig. 1). Median lobe of aedeagus slender, in lateral view (Fig. 15) the basal third curved, the central part straight and the apex with a curved hook assymetrical in dorsal view (Fig. 8). Inner sac of aedeagus (=endophallus) with an elongate and well-sclerotized piece, forming a gut and armed with internal scales. Characteristic secondary sclerotization of the sperm duct (Fig. 15: CP2) forming a kind of second copulatory piece outside base of the median lobe.</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection lastPageId="3" lastPageNumber="14" pageId="2" pageNumber="13" type="description">
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<paragraph pageId="2" pageNumber="13">Description of the holotype.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="2" pageNumber="13">
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Habitus as in Fig. 1.Elongated,
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<normalizedToken originalValue="round–sided">round-sided</normalizedToken>
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. Body surface with a very thin, hardly visible, dense microreticulation, with more distinguishable meshes on the head.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="2" pageNumber="13">Colour. Dorsal surface dark brown, moderately shiny. Antennae, palpi and legs light brown.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="2" pageNumber="13">Chetotaxy. Surface of elytra glabrous with the exception of a periscutellar seta, two discal setae on the third stria, four humeral setae, four setae along lateral margin and two preapical setae. Marginal setae of pronotum present, the anterior ones located before the first third of the length. Ventral pubescence limited to one seta on each half sternite.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="2" pageNumber="13">Head. Eyes reduced, flat; ommatidia well defined; maximum diameter of about eight ommatidia, temples approximately twice the length of eyes, strongly wrinkled to the neck. Frontal furrows deeply impressed. Antennae moderately long, five antennomeres extend beyond the pronotal base. Antennomere III distinctly longer than antennomeres II and IV, which are similar in length.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="2" pageNumber="13">
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Pronotum. Proportions (
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<normalizedToken originalValue="M–F">M-F</normalizedToken>
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): WP/LP = 1.3-1.28, WP/WPB = 1.3-1.3, WP/WH = 1.38-1.3, WE/WP = 1.57-1.53. Transverse, with lateral margins finely bordered; wider in anterior part, narrower than elytra; posterior part much narrower than base of elytra. One seta in the marginal gutter at about a third of pronotum length, another one close to hind angle. Sides evenly rounded and straight just between hind angles and insertions of posterior setae. Hind angles well developed, salient.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="2" pageNumber="13">
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Elytra. Proportions (
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<normalizedToken originalValue="M–F">M-F</normalizedToken>
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): WE/LE = 0.65-0.69. Oval, broadest almost at
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<normalizedToken originalValue="mid–length">mid-length</normalizedToken>
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; surface moderately convex, flattened on disc. Shoulders distinct but rounded. Striae very finely punctuated, sixth inner striae deeply impressed on disc, but reduced at apex and base; seventh striae shallower, but distinct, the eighth reduced to the posterior quarter of elytra. Apical striola strongly impressed continuing the fifth stria.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="2" pageNumber="13">Hind wings. Very reduced, not functional.</paragraph>
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<paragraph lastPageId="3" lastPageNumber="14" pageId="2" pageNumber="13">
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Male genitalia. Median lobe of aedeagus slender, in lateral view (Fig. 15) the basal third curved, the central part straight and the apex showing a curved hook; assymetrical in dorsal view (Fig. 8). Parameres slender, each with 4 to 6 setae at apex. Internal sac of aedeagus with an elongate well-sclerotized piece, forming a symmetrical gut and armed with
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<pageBreakToken pageId="3" pageNumber="14" start="start">internal</pageBreakToken>
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scales (Fig. 16). Characteristic secondary sclerotization of the sperm duct forming a kind of second copulatory piece out of the base of the median lobe (Fig. 15: CP2).
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="3" pageNumber="14" type="female genitalia">
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<paragraph pageId="3" pageNumber="14">Female genitalia.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="3" pageNumber="14">Internal genitalia membranous. Gonocoxites unguiform, with 4 to 5 large setae, and 2 small near apex. Gonosubcoxites with 2 to 3 large setae near the internal edge. Laterotergite IX with 12 setae at the basal margin, and 4 to 6 scattered (Fig. 29).</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="3" pageNumber="14" type="size">
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<paragraph pageId="3" pageNumber="14">Size.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="3" pageNumber="14">Mean length (5 exemplars): 5.25 mm (male), 4.56 mm (female).</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="3" pageNumber="14" type="etymology">
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<paragraph pageId="3" pageNumber="14">Etymology.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="3" pageNumber="14">The new species is dedicated to Michel Bouillon, Pyrenean speleologist, who was the first to discover the existence of cave beetles in MSS.</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="3" pageNumber="14" type="affinities">
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<paragraph pageId="3" pageNumber="14">Affinities.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="3" pageNumber="14">
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Trechus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Trechus bouilloni" order="Coleoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="14" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="bouilloni">Trechus bouilloni</taxonomicName>
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sp. n. is a representative of the
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Trechus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Trechus brucki" order="Coleoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="14" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="brucki">Trechus brucki</taxonomicName>
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group sensu novo as defined in the present paper. It shares with
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Trechus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Trechus grenieri" order="Coleoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="14" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="grenieri">Trechus grenieri</taxonomicName>
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,
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Trechus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Trechus uhagoni" order="Coleoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="14" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="uhagoni">Trechus uhagoni</taxonomicName>
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,
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Trechus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Trechus beusti" order="Coleoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="14" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="beusti">Trechus beusti</taxonomicName>
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, and
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Trechus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Trechus pieltaini" order="Coleoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="14" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pieltaini">Trechus pieltaini</taxonomicName>
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the same kind of aedeagus morphology, especially the apex with a curved hook in lateral view, and an internal sac showing two sclerotized parts, the internal copulatory piece and another triangular piece forming a kind of second copulatory piece (CP2, Figs 17-24), also existing in
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Trechus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Trechus brucki" order="Coleoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="14" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="brucki">Trechus brucki</taxonomicName>
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and
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Trechus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Trechus bruckoides" order="Coleoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="14" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="bruckoides">Trechus bruckoides</taxonomicName>
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sp. n. (Figs 25-28). Similar secondary sclerotized structures of endophallus are known in some groups of insects including
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<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Malvaceae" genus="Coleoptera" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Coleoptera" order="Malvales" pageId="3" pageNumber="14" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">Coleoptera</taxonomicName>
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, and described as a "sperm pump" (
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<bibRefCitation author="Beutel, RG" journalOrPublisher="Systematic Entomology" pageId="11" pageNumber="22" pagination="510 - 548" title="Phylogenetic analysis of Staphyliniformia (Coleoptera) based on characters of larvae and adults." url="10.1111/j.1365-3113.2005.00293.x" volume="30" year="2005">Beutel and Leschen 2005</bibRefCitation>
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,
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<bibRefCitation author="Huenefeld, F" journalOrPublisher="Journal of Zoological Systematics and Evolutionary Research" pageId="11" pageNumber="22" pagination="297 - 306" title="The sperm pumps of Strepsiptera and Antliophora (Hexapoda)." url="10.1111/j.1439-0469.2005.00327.x" volume="43" year="2005">
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<normalizedToken originalValue="Hünefeld">Huenefeld</normalizedToken>
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and Beutel 2005
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</bibRefCitation>
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,
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<bibRefCitation pageId="3" pageNumber="14">
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<normalizedToken originalValue="Jäch">Jaech</normalizedToken>
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and Delgado 2010
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</bibRefCitation>
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). In the
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Trechus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Trechus brucki" order="Coleoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="14" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="brucki">Trechus brucki</taxonomicName>
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group, however, the structure is too rudimentary to play the same role in sperm transfer, and its function -if
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<normalizedToken originalValue="any–">any-</normalizedToken>
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remains obscure. Although never observed before, this structure is also present in the others species of the group and is the main synapomorphy of the clade. The lack of this internal sclerotized structure in
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Trechus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Trechus carrilloi" order="Coleoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="14" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="carrilloi">Trechus carrilloi</taxonomicName>
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and
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Trechus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Trechus sharpi" order="Coleoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="14" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="sharpi">Trechus sharpi</taxonomicName>
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(Figs 30-32) casts doubt on their affinities.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection lastPageId="4" lastPageNumber="15" pageId="3" pageNumber="14" type="distribution">
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<paragraph pageId="3" pageNumber="14">Distribution and ecology.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="3" pageNumber="14">
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Trechus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Trechus bouilloni" order="Coleoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="14" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="bouilloni">Trechus bouilloni</taxonomicName>
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sp. n. is only known from the type locality, the MSS of Lizarraga pass (Navarra, Spain) (Fig. 36). The type locality is a MSS located on a northern slope at the eastern extremity of the Sierra de
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<normalizedToken originalValue="Andía–Urbasa">Andia-Urbasa</normalizedToken>
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, close to the Lizarraga pass.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="3" pageNumber="14">
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Trechus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Trechus" order="Coleoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="14" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Trechus</taxonomicName>
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were collected by means of traps in a zone of scree (altitude: 900 m) extending from east to west at the feet of cliffs of Albian limestone lining the northern slope of the plateau of the Sierra de
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<normalizedToken originalValue="Andía–Urbasa">Andia-Urbasa</normalizedToken>
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. This scree slope consists of a mass of fallen rocks resulting from the erosion of calcareous cliffs and constitutes a steeply sloped (45°) MSS, filling one of the numerous gullies of a beech forest covering the entire northern side of the plateau lining the southward depression of the
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<normalizedToken originalValue="Río">Rio</normalizedToken>
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Arakil (Sakana valley).
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="3" pageNumber="14">
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On this unstable ground, beeches are replaced by grassy and mossy vegetation dotted with shrubs. The layer of humus is irregular and very thin and only partly covers the blocks of white, angular,
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<normalizedToken originalValue="medium–sized">medium-sized</normalizedToken>
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limestone, rarely exceeding the size of 1 dm³.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="3" pageNumber="14">
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The traps were placed 50 centimeters deep in a
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<normalizedToken originalValue="“C–type”">"C-type"</normalizedToken>
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horizon (sensu
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<bibRefCitation author="Juberthie, C" journalOrPublisher="Memoires de Biospeologie" pageId="11" pageNumber="22" pagination="77 - 93" title="Sur l'existence du milieu souterrain superficiel en zone calcaire." volume="8" year="1981">Juberthie et al. 1981</bibRefCitation>
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), constituted mainly by stones of 5 cm³, not sealed by the ground and not welded, leaving numerous spaces between them and forming a layer several meters thick above the compact rock.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="3" pageNumber="14">
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The other
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<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Malvaceae" genus="Coleoptera" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Coleoptera" order="Malvales" pageId="3" pageNumber="14" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">Coleoptera</taxonomicName>
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collected with
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Trechus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Trechus bouilloni" order="Coleoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="14" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="bouilloni">Trechus bouilloni</taxonomicName>
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sp. n. were
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<taxonomicName family="Leiodidae" lsidName="" pageId="3" pageNumber="14" rank="family">Leiodidae</taxonomicName>
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,
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<taxonomicName lsidName="" pageId="3" pageNumber="14" rank="subFamily" subFamily="Cholevinae">Cholevinae</taxonomicName>
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:
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Leiodidae" genus="Catops" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Catops subfuscus" order="Coleoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="14" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="subfuscus">Catops subfuscus</taxonomicName>
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Kellner, 1846,
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Leiodidae" genus="Sciodrepoides" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Sciodrepoides watsoni" order="Coleoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="14" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="watsoni">Sciodrepoides watsoni</taxonomicName>
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(Spence, 1813) (
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<taxonomicName lsidName="" pageId="3" pageNumber="14" rank="tribe" tribe="Catopini">Catopini</taxonomicName>
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) and
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Leiodidae" genus="Bathysciola" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Bathysciola" order="Coleoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="14" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Bathysciola</taxonomicName>
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sp. (
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<taxonomicName lsidName="" pageId="3" pageNumber="14" rank="tribe" tribe="Leptodirini">Leptodirini</taxonomicName>
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).
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="3" pageNumber="14">
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Some specimens of
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Trechus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Trechus bouilloni" order="Coleoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="14" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="bouilloni">Trechus bouilloni</taxonomicName>
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sp. n. were parasitized by an undetermined Ascomycete.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="4" pageNumber="15">
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Trechus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Trechus bouilloni" order="Coleoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="15" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="bouilloni">
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<pageBreakToken pageId="4" pageNumber="15" start="start">Trechus</pageBreakToken>
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bouilloni
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</taxonomicName>
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sp. n. was not found in caves of the area north of Larraona (cueva de los Cristinos, cuevas de Erbeltz, Txintxoleze, Noriturri, Akuandi, del Queso, Iniriturri, Arleze, Laminatitur), suggesting that it is strictly located in MSS (CB personal observation).
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||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
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||
</document> |