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<document id="5C1987E2164FBA1AC1A781BFC273FF17" ID-DOI="10.11646/phytotaxa.291.3.3" ID-ISSN="1179-3163" ID-Zenodo-Dep="13699573" IM.bibliography_approvedBy="felipe" IM.illustrations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="GgImagineBatch" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" IM.treatments_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1725572385487" checkinUser="felipe" docAuthor="Memariani, Farshid &amp; Joharchi, Mohammad Reza" docDate="2017" docId="CC5187E7286D1278FF47FB92FA6A3291" docLanguage="en" docName="phytotaxa.291.3.3.pdf" docOrigin="Phytotaxa 291 (3)" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.291.3.3" docStyle="DocumentStyle:96748F8F1B6C902996E134952A3A36B9.13:Phytotaxa.2014-.journal_article" docStyleId="96748F8F1B6C902996E134952A3A36B9" docStyleName="Phytotaxa.2014-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="13" docTitle="Iris ferdowsii Joharchi &amp; Memariani 2017, sp. nov." docType="treatment" docVersion="2" lastPageNumber="196" masterDocId="3068FF9F286C127DFFCFFFE6FFF8324C" masterDocTitle="Iris ferdowsii (Iridaceae), a new species of section Regelia from northeast of Iran" masterLastPageNumber="200" masterPageNumber="192" pageNumber="193" updateTime="1725582189041" updateUser="ExternalLinkService" zenodo-license-figures="UNSPECIFIED" zenodo-license-treatments="UNSPECIFIED">
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<mods:title id="C5DC23E6A26034B7FCDDC3876B0C74E9">Iris ferdowsii (Iridaceae), a new species of section Regelia from northeast of Iran</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="247191DDAECB8C5E675628BFE8BEC4B8">Memariani, Farshid</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="89794545BD9CC594C09158022AC04959">Joharchi, Mohammad Reza</mods:namePart>
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<mods:title id="1AD392A88FE2ED07FF2BA2BC11670B22">Phytotaxa</mods:title>
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<mods:part id="E9367538DEB204D39C30CE1CE24A22F1">
<mods:date id="E1E22BC2FBEA4517D8EA00EC8E13A8B2">2017</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="D97E985A760E28711DE19F99F4D5630F">2017-01-13</mods:number>
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<mods:identifier id="E4515126EE087F401AB724437ED527E2" type="ISSN">1179-3163</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="CC5187E7286D1278FF47FB92FA6A3291" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:CC5187E7286D1278FF47FB92FA6A3291" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/CC5187E7286D1278FF47FB92FA6A3291" lastPageId="5" lastPageNumber="196" pageId="1" pageNumber="193">
<subSubSection id="0CE2657A286D127CFF47FB92FCB936C3" box="[136,833,1140,1167]" pageId="1" pageNumber="193" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="444736F1286D127CFF47FB92FCB936C3" blockId="1.[136,833,1140,1167]" box="[136,833,1140,1167]" pageId="1" pageNumber="193">
<heading id="1F0F819D286D127CFF47FB92FCB936C3" box="[136,833,1140,1167]" fontSize="11" level="2" pageId="1" pageNumber="193" reason="3">
<taxonomicName id="83F84D72286D127CFF47FB92FDD136C3" ID-CoL="8WWQG" authority="Joharchi &amp; Memariani" authorityName="Joharchi &amp; Memariani" authorityYear="2017" box="[136,553,1140,1167]" class="Liliopsida" family="Iridaceae" genus="Iris" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asparagales" pageId="1" pageNumber="193" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="ferdowsii" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="768CEAE3286D127CFF47FB92FEDA36C3" bold="true" box="[136,290,1140,1167]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="193">Iris ferdowsii</emphasis>
Joharchi &amp; Memariani
</taxonomicName>
,
<emphasis id="768CEAE3286D127CFDFBFB90FD7136C3" box="[564,649,1142,1167]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="193">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="6DBF5798286D127CFDFBFB90FD7136C3" box="[564,649,1142,1167]" pageId="1" pageNumber="193" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
(
<figureCitation id="DCC32A74286D127CFD58FB90FCFB36C3" box="[663,771,1142,1167]" captionStart-0="FIGURE 1" captionStart-1="FIGURE 2" captionStartId-0="2.[136,229,1953,1974]" captionStartId-1="3.[136,229,1342,1363]" captionTargetBox-0="[164,1423,188,1925]" captionTargetBox-1="[152,1435,207,1315]" captionTargetId-0="figure-14@2.[163,1424,187,1926]" captionTargetId-1="figure-14@3.[151,1436,206,1316]" captionTargetPageId-0="2" captionTargetPageId-1="3" captionText-0="FIGURE 1. Iris ferdowsii in natural habitat. A) Habit; B–C) Close-up view of floral parts." captionText-1="FIGURE 2. Iris ferdowsii. A) Plants in fruiting stage; B) The short horizontally creeping rhizome; C) Flower segments, left to right: standard, fall, stamen, and style (scale bar = 1 cm); D) Seed with an aril on the top (scale bar = 1 mm)." figureDoi-0="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13699575" figureDoi-1="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13699577" httpUri-0="https://zenodo.org/record/13699575/files/figure.png" httpUri-1="https://zenodo.org/record/13699577/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="193">Figs. 1–2</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="DCC32A74286D127CFCC0FB90FCCD36C3" box="[783,821,1142,1167]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="5.[136,229,1569,1590]" captionTargetBox="[152,1435,246,1544]" captionTargetId="figure-50@5.[151,1436,245,1544]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURE 4. Bearded irises (Iris s.str.) in NE Iran. A–B) I. falcifolia (I. sect. Hexapogon) with bearded hairs on falls (A) and also on standards (B). C) I. acutiloba subsp. lineolata (I. sect. Oncocyclus). D) I. ferdowsii (sect. Regelia), showing bearded hairs on standards." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13699581" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13699581/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="193">4D</figureCitation>
).
</heading>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="0CE2657A286D127CFF47FB26FDF335EB" pageId="1" pageNumber="193" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="444736F1286D127CFF47FB26FE7736B5" blockId="1.[136,1452,1214,1273]" pageId="1" pageNumber="193">
<emphasis id="768CEAE3286D127CFF47FB26FF423699" bold="true" box="[136,186,1216,1237]" pageId="1" pageNumber="193">Type</emphasis>
:—
<materialsCitation id="F4903CAC286D127CFF12FB26FE7336B5" collectingDate="2014-05-05" collectionCode="N, FUMH, W" country="Iran" county="Razavi" elevation="1783" location="Sandoq-Shekan" municipality="Mashhad" pageId="1" pageNumber="193" specimenCount="2" stateProvince="Khorasan-e Shomali" typeStatus="holotype">
<collectingCountry id="3CEF7661286D127CFF12FB26FEE33699" box="[221,283,1216,1237]" name="Iran" pageId="1" pageNumber="193">IRAN</collectingCountry>
.
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<collectingRegion id="863CF813286D127CFEA5FB26FE2B3699" box="[362,467,1216,1237]" country="Iran" name="Khorasan-e Shomali" pageId="1" pageNumber="193">Khorassan</collectingRegion>
:
<collectionCode id="22E9AE34286D127CFE14FB26FE143699" box="[475,492,1216,1237]" country="China" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:13092" name="Nanjing University" pageId="1" pageNumber="193" type="Herbarium">N</collectionCode>
<collectingMunicipality id="A423AC8B286D127CFE3EFB26FDB33699" box="[497,587,1216,1237]" pageId="1" pageNumber="193">Mashhad</collectingMunicipality>
, south of
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pass,
<location id="4127602A286D127CFCB9FB26FC263699" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:CC5187E7286D1278FF47FB92FA6A3291:4127602A286D127CFCB9FB26FC263699" box="[886,990,1216,1237]" country="Iran" county="Razavi" municipality="Mashhad" name="Gol-Khow" pageId="1" pageNumber="193" stateProvince="Khorasan-e Shomali">Gol-Khow</location>
,
<quantity id="83009B14286D127CFC29FB26FBC83699" box="[998,1072,1216,1237]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.783" pageId="1" pageNumber="193" unit="m" value="1783.0">
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</quantity>
,
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<collectingDate id="2002E9D9286D127CFBF7FB26FB543699" box="[1080,1196,1216,1237]" pageId="1" pageNumber="193" value="2014-05-05">5 May 2014</collectingDate>
</date>
,
<emphasis id="768CEAE3286D127CFB7AFB26FAB23699" box="[1205,1354,1216,1237]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="193">Joharchi 45170</emphasis>
(
<typeStatus id="9B438853286D127CFA99FB26FA543699" box="[1366,1452,1216,1237]" pageId="1" pageNumber="193" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
<collectionCode id="22E9AE34286D127CFF72FB02FEF236B5" box="[189,266,1252,1273]" country="Iran" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15384" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15384" name="Ferdowsi University" pageId="1" pageNumber="193" type="Herbarium">FUMH</collectionCode>
!;
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<collectionCode id="22E9AE34286D127CFEADFB02FE7836B5" box="[354,384,1252,1273]" country="Austria" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15588" name="Naturhistorisches Museum Wien" pageId="1" pageNumber="193" type="Herbarium">W</collectionCode>
!)
</materialsCitation>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="444736F1286D127CFF47FACCFEE634BF" blockId="1.[136,1452,1322,1959]" pageId="1" pageNumber="193">
Herbaceous perennial, (8–)10–20(–25) cm high, forming small dense tufts. Rhizome short, horizontally creeping with fibrous remains of leaf sheaths. Leaves (4–)5(–6), basal, ± falcate, 6–10(–20) × 0.3–0.6(–0.8) cm, green to greyishgreen, glabrous. Stem (3–)5–10(–15) cm high, erect, 1-flowered. Spathe with 2 valves, 4.5–5.5(–7) cm long, acuminate, green suffused with purple, membranous-chartaceous, with narrow hyaline margin, glabrous. Perigone tube
<quantity id="83009B14286D127CFA98FA70FF56379F" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.0" metricValueMax="3.5" metricValueMin="2.5" pageId="1" pageNumber="193" unit="cm" value="3.0" valueMax="3.5" valueMin="2.5">2.5–3.5 cm</quantity>
. Falls
<quantity id="83009B14286D127CFF3BFA5CFEBE379F" box="[244,326,1466,1491]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.5" metricValueMax="5.0" metricValueMin="4.0" pageId="1" pageNumber="193" unit="cm" value="4.5" valueMax="5.0" valueMin="4.0">4–5 cm</quantity>
long,
<quantity id="83009B14286D127CFE43FA5CFDF0379F" box="[396,520,1466,1491]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.95" metricValueMax="2.2" metricValueMin="1.7" pageId="1" pageNumber="193" unit="cm" value="1.95" valueMax="2.2" valueMin="1.7">1.7–2.2 cm</quantity>
wide, elliptic-oblong, sharply reflexed, cream-coloured, heavily veined purple with a large dark-purple blotch in the upper half, bearing a dense central beard of many long white and yellowish-tipped hairs reaching from base to the middle. Standards
<quantity id="83009B14286D127CFD0FF9E4FCD03457" box="[704,808,1538,1563]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.75" metricValueMax="5.0" metricValueMin="4.5" pageId="1" pageNumber="193" unit="cm" value="4.75" valueMax="5.0" valueMin="4.5">4.5–5 cm</quantity>
long,
<quantity id="83009B14286D127CFCBEF9E4FC213457" box="[881,985,1538,1563]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.75" metricValueMax="3.0" metricValueMin="2.5" pageId="1" pageNumber="193" unit="cm" value="2.75" valueMax="3.0" valueMin="2.5">2.5–3 cm</quantity>
wide, obovate to spatulate, purplish with darker veins, with a distinct narrow claw up to
<quantity id="83009B14286D127CFD5AF9C0FD193473" box="[661,737,1574,1599]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.2" pageId="1" pageNumber="193" unit="cm" value="1.2">1.2 cm</quantity>
long, bearing a central beard of hairs near the base not reaching to the middle. Anthers
<quantity id="83009B14286D127CFE5FF9ACFDF7342F" box="[400,527,1610,1635]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.35" metricValueMax="1.5" metricValueMin="1.2" pageId="1" pageNumber="193" unit="cm" value="1.35" valueMax="1.5" valueMin="1.2">1.2–1.5 cm</quantity>
long, whitish. Filaments
<quantity id="83009B14286D127CFCFBF9ACFC7A342F" box="[820,898,1610,1635]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.2" pageId="1" pageNumber="193" unit="cm" value="1.2">1.2 cm</quantity>
long, whitish, purplish at base. Styles
<quantity id="83009B14286D127CFA8EF9ACFA53342F" box="[1345,1451,1610,1635]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.75" metricValueMax="4.0" metricValueMin="3.5" pageId="1" pageNumber="193" unit="cm" value="3.75" valueMax="4.0" valueMin="3.5">3.5–4 cm</quantity>
long,
<quantity id="83009B14286D127CFF07F988FEBC34CB" box="[200,324,1646,1671]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.4" metricValueMax="1.5" metricValueMin="1.3" pageId="1" pageNumber="193" unit="cm" value="1.4" valueMax="1.5" valueMin="1.3">1.3–1.5 cm</quantity>
wide, obovate, cream-coloured purplish-tinged, obovate, with lobes ca.
<quantity id="83009B14286D127CFBA2F988FB5C34CB" box="[1133,1188,1646,1671]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" pageId="1" pageNumber="193" unit="cm" value="1.0">1 cm</quantity>
long,
<quantity id="83009B14286D127CFB25F988FA9F34CB" box="[1258,1383,1646,1671]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.5" metricValueMax="9.0" metricValueMin="8.0" pageId="1" pageNumber="193" unit="cm" value="0.85" valueMax="0.9" valueMin="0.8">0.8–0.9 cm</quantity>
wide. Capsules
<quantity id="83009B14286D127CFF3BF974FE8834E7" box="[244,368,1682,1707]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.5" metricValueMax="5.5" metricValueMin="3.5" pageId="1" pageNumber="193" unit="cm" value="4.5" valueMax="5.5" valueMin="3.5">3.5–5.5 cm</quantity>
long,
<quantity id="83009B14286D127CFE78F974FDCB34E7" box="[439,563,1682,1707]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.4" metricValueMax="1.5" metricValueMin="1.3" pageId="1" pageNumber="193" unit="cm" value="1.4" valueMax="1.5" valueMin="1.3">1.3–1.5 cm</quantity>
wide, provided with an apical and short (up to
<quantity id="83009B14286D127CFB8EF974FB7A34E7" box="[1089,1154,1682,1707]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.0" pageId="1" pageNumber="193" unit="mm" value="2.0">2 mm</quantity>
long) beak.
<emphasis id="768CEAE3286D127CFAC3F974FAB434E7" box="[1292,1356,1682,1707]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="193">Seeds</emphasis>
5–6(–8) mm long, 3(–4) mm wide, ovoid, shiny brown, with rugose testa surface, topped with a distinct ring-shaped and cream-coloured aril.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="444736F1286D127CFF72F918FACC3513" blockId="1.[136,1452,1322,1959]" pageId="1" pageNumber="193">
<emphasis id="768CEAE3286D127CFF72F918FEC8355B" bold="true" box="[189,304,1790,1815]" pageId="1" pageNumber="193">Eponymy</emphasis>
:—The specific epithet
<taxonomicName id="83F84D72286D127CFDFDF918FD5D355B" authorityName="Joharchi &amp; Memariani" authorityYear="2017" box="[562,677,1790,1815]" class="Liliopsida" family="Iridaceae" genus="Iris" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asparagales" pageId="1" pageNumber="193" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="ferdowsii">
“
<emphasis id="768CEAE3286D127CFDF1F918FD5D355B" box="[574,677,1790,1815]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="193">ferdowsii</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
” honours the great Persian poet “Hakim Abolghasem Ferdowsi Tousi” (940
<emphasis id="768CEAE3286D127CFF74F8C5FF333575" box="[187,203,1827,1849]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="193">−</emphasis>
1020
<collectionCode id="22E9AE34286D127CFEC4F8C4FECD3577" box="[267,309,1826,1851]" country="Australia" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15675" name="State Herbarium of South Australia" pageId="1" pageNumber="193" type="Herbarium">AD</collectionCode>
) whose tomb is located in Tous town, near Mashhad the capital city of Razavi
<collectingRegion id="863CF813286D127CFB0CF8C4FA503577" box="[1219,1448,1826,1851]" country="Iran" name="Khorasan-e Shomali" pageId="1" pageNumber="193">Khorassan province</collectingRegion>
,
<collectingCountry id="3CEF7661286D127CFF47F8A0FF413513" box="[136,185,1862,1887]" name="Iran" pageId="1" pageNumber="193">Iran</collectingCountry>
. The
<typeStatus id="9B438853286D127CFF3AF8A0FEDD3513" box="[245,293,1862,1887]" pageId="1" pageNumber="193">type</typeStatus>
locality of the new species is situated
<quantity id="83009B14286D127CFD1BF8A0FCE33513" box="[724,795,1862,1887]" metricMagnitude="4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.5" pageId="1" pageNumber="193" unit="km" value="25.0">25 km</quantity>
<collectionCode id="22E9AE34286D127CFCEDF8A0FCBF3513" box="[802,839,1862,1887]" country="Australia" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:14575" name="University of New England" pageId="1" pageNumber="193" type="Herbarium">NE</collectionCode>
of Pazh (Paj) village, the birthplace of him.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="444736F1286D127CFF72F88CFDF335EB" blockId="1.[136,1452,1322,1959]" pageId="1" pageNumber="193">
<emphasis id="768CEAE3286D127CFF72F88CFEC135CF" bold="true" box="[189,313,1898,1923]" pageId="1" pageNumber="193">Phenology</emphasis>
:—Flowering in the late April to the early June. Fruiting is completed in mid-May (in lower elevations) to mid-June (in higher elevations).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<caption id="10876679286E127FFF47F847FC1735FA" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13699575" ID-Zenodo-Dep="13699575" box="[136,1007,1953,1974]" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13699575/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="194" startId="2.[136,229,1953,1974]" targetBox="[164,1423,188,1925]" targetPageId="2" targetType="figure">
<paragraph id="444736F1286E127FFF47F847FC1735FA" blockId="2.[136,1007,1953,1974]" box="[136,1007,1953,1974]" pageId="2" pageNumber="194">
<emphasis id="768CEAE3286E127FFF47F847FF0635FA" bold="true" box="[136,254,1953,1974]" pageId="2" pageNumber="194">FIGURE 1.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="83F84D72286E127FFECCF847FE7B35FA" authorityName="Joharchi &amp; Memariani" authorityYear="2017" box="[259,387,1953,1974]" class="Liliopsida" family="Iridaceae" genus="Iris" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asparagales" pageId="2" pageNumber="194" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="ferdowsii">
<emphasis id="768CEAE3286E127FFECCF847FE7B35FA" box="[259,387,1953,1974]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="194">Iris ferdowsii</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
in natural habitat.
<emphasis id="768CEAE3286E127FFDF7F847FDA935FA" bold="true" box="[568,593,1953,1974]" pageId="2" pageNumber="194">A)</emphasis>
Habit;
<emphasis id="768CEAE3286E127FFD56F847FD3735FA" bold="true" box="[665,719,1953,1974]" pageId="2" pageNumber="194">B–C)</emphasis>
Close-up view of floral parts.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<caption id="10876679286F127EFF47FAD8FB99373B" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13699577" ID-Zenodo-Dep="13699577" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13699577/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="195" startId="3.[136,229,1342,1363]" targetBox="[152,1435,207,1315]" targetPageId="3" targetType="figure">
<paragraph id="444736F1286F127EFF47FAD8FB99373B" blockId="3.[136,1452,1342,1399]" pageId="3" pageNumber="195">
<emphasis id="768CEAE3286F127EFF47FAD8FEF8371F" bold="true" box="[136,256,1342,1363]" pageId="3" pageNumber="195">FIGURE 2.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="83F84D72286F127EFEC7FAD8FE71371F" authorityName="Joharchi &amp; Memariani" authorityYear="2017" box="[264,393,1342,1363]" class="Liliopsida" family="Iridaceae" genus="Iris" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asparagales" pageId="3" pageNumber="195" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="ferdowsii">
<emphasis id="768CEAE3286F127EFEC7FAD8FE71371F" box="[264,393,1342,1363]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="195">Iris ferdowsii</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
.
<emphasis id="768CEAE3286F127EFE58FAD8FE49371F" bold="true" box="[407,433,1342,1363]" pageId="3" pageNumber="195">A)</emphasis>
Plants in fruiting stage;
<emphasis id="768CEAE3286F127EFD69FAD8FD46371F" bold="true" box="[678,702,1342,1363]" pageId="3" pageNumber="195">B)</emphasis>
The short horizontally creeping rhizome;
<emphasis id="768CEAE3286F127EFBAFFAD8FB81371F" bold="true" box="[1120,1145,1342,1363]" pageId="3" pageNumber="195">C)</emphasis>
Flower segments, left to right: standard, fall, stamen, and style (scale bar = 1 cm);
<emphasis id="768CEAE3286F127EFDB8FA84FD69373B" bold="true" box="[631,657,1378,1399]" pageId="3" pageNumber="195">D)</emphasis>
Seed with an aril on the top (scale bar = 1 mm).
</paragraph>
</caption>
<caption id="10876679286F127EFF47F82FFEC93A6A" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13699579" ID-Zenodo-Dep="13699579" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13699579/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="195" startId="3.[136,229,1993,2014]" targetBox="[151,1436,1425,1969]" targetPageId="3" targetType="figure">
<paragraph id="444736F1286F127EFF47F82FFEC93A6A" blockId="3.[136,1452,1993,2086]" pageId="3" pageNumber="195">
<emphasis id="768CEAE3286F127EFF47F82FFF073592" bold="true" box="[136,255,1993,2014]" pageId="3" pageNumber="195">FIGURE 3.</emphasis>
GeoCAT distribution map of
<taxonomicName id="83F84D72286F127EFDE9F82FFD5F3592" authorityName="Joharchi &amp; Memariani" authorityYear="2017" box="[550,679,1993,2014]" class="Liliopsida" family="Iridaceae" genus="Iris" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asparagales" pageId="3" pageNumber="195" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="ferdowsii">
<emphasis id="768CEAE3286F127EFDE9F82FFD5F3592" box="[550,679,1993,2014]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="195">Iris ferdowsii</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
in Hezar-Masjed Mountains, NE Iran, and estimation of Extent of Occurrence (EOO = 1100 km
<superScript id="B38D9BB9286F127EFEE2F80AFECC35B4" attach="left" box="[301,308,2028,2040]" fontSize="5" pageId="3" pageNumber="195">2</superScript>
) and Area of Occupancy (AOO = 889 km
<superScript id="B38D9BB9286F127EFD0CF80AFD3235B4" attach="left" box="[707,714,2028,2040]" fontSize="5" pageId="3" pageNumber="195">2</superScript>
), with maximum distance of 130 km between pairs of points, based on IUCN Red List Criteria.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<subSubSection id="0CE2657A28681278FF72FF46FA6A3291" lastPageId="5" lastPageNumber="197" pageId="4" pageNumber="196" type="distribution">
<paragraph id="444736F128681279FF72FF46FB6A3321" blockId="4.[136,1452,160,2093]" pageId="4" pageNumber="196">
<emphasis id="768CEAE328681279FF72FF46FE2532F5" bold="true" box="[189,477,160,185]" pageId="4" pageNumber="196">Distribution and habitat</emphasis>
:—
<taxonomicName id="83F84D7228681279FDCEFF46FD6C32F5" authorityName="Joharchi &amp; Memariani" authorityYear="2017" box="[513,660,160,185]" class="Liliopsida" family="Iridaceae" genus="Iris" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asparagales" pageId="4" pageNumber="196" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="ferdowsii">
<emphasis id="768CEAE328681279FDCEFF46FD6C32F5" box="[513,660,160,185]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="196">Iris ferdowsii</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
occurs in medium to higher mountain steppes (
<quantity id="83009B1428681279FB55FF46FACE32F5" box="[1178,1334,160,185]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.075" metricValueMax="2.75" metricValueMin="1.4" pageId="4" pageNumber="196" unit="m" value="2075.0" valueMax="2750.0" valueMin="1400.0">
1400
<emphasis id="768CEAE328681279FB1CFF44FB1B32F4" box="[1235,1251,162,184]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="196">−</emphasis>
2750 m
</quantity>
elevation) of Hezar-Masjed range in NE
<collectingCountry id="3CEF766128681279FE25FF22FDEF3291" box="[490,535,196,221]" name="Iran" pageId="4" pageNumber="196">Iran</collectingCountry>
(
<figureCitation id="DCC32A7428681279FDE5FF22FD893291" box="[554,625,196,221]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="3.[136,229,1993,2014]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,1425,1969]" captionTargetId="figure-61@3.[151,1436,1425,1969]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURE 3. GeoCAT distribution map of Iris ferdowsii in Hezar-Masjed Mountains, NE Iran, and estimation of Extent of Occurrence (EOO = 1100 km2) and Area of Occupancy (AOO = 889 km2), with maximum distance of 130 km between pairs of points, based on IUCN Red List Criteria." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13699579" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13699579/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="196">Fig. 3</figureCitation>
). It grows on stony gentle slopes or limestone terraces. In the medium mountain steppes of the area, it occurs in different vegetation
<typeStatus id="9B43885328681279FCAFFF0EFC63334D" box="[864,923,232,257]" pageId="4" pageNumber="196">types</typeStatus>
such as sagebrush and grassy steppes with a diverse flora. In the higher mountain steppes, it inhabits mostly in thorn-cushion vegetation (
<figureCitation id="DCC32A7428681279FB5CFEEAFB113369" box="[1171,1257,268,293]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="2.[136,229,1953,1974]" captionTargetBox="[164,1423,188,1925]" captionTargetId="figure-14@2.[163,1424,187,1926]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="FIGURE 1. Iris ferdowsii in natural habitat. A) Habit; B–C) Close-up view of floral parts." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13699575" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13699575/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="196">Fig. 1A</figureCitation>
) which is mainly composed of
<taxonomicName id="83F84D7228681279FEEDFED6FD0B3305" authority="Boissier (1843: 9)" authorityName="Boissier" authorityPageNumber="9" authorityYear="1843" box="[290,755,304,329]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Caryophyllaceae" genus="Gypsophila" kingdom="Plantae" order="Caryophyllales" pageId="4" pageNumber="196" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="aretioides">
<emphasis id="768CEAE328681279FEEDFED6FDE33305" box="[290,539,304,329]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="196">Gypsophila aretioides</emphasis>
Boissier (1843: 9)
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="83F84D7228681279FCCEFED6FF573321" authority="(Linnaeus 1763: 1060) Desvaux (1814: 81)" authorityName="Desvaux" authorityPageNumber="81" authorityYear="1814" baseAuthorityName="Linnaeus" baseAuthorityPageNumber="1060" baseAuthorityYear="1763" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fabaceae" genus="Onobrychis" kingdom="Plantae" order="Fabales" pageId="4" pageNumber="196" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="cornuta">
<emphasis id="768CEAE328681279FCCEFED6FC1C3305" box="[769,996,304,329]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="196">Onobrychis cornuta</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="20694B0028681279FC3BFED6FB1F3305" author="Linnaeus, C. von" box="[1012,1255,304,329]" pageId="4" pageNumber="196" pagination="785 - 1684" refId="ref4584" refString="Linnaeus, C. von (1763) Species Plantarum 2. 2 nd Edition. Laurentius Salvius, Stockholm, pp. 785 - 1684." type="book chapter" year="1763">Linnaeus 1763: 1060</bibRefCitation>
)
<bibRefCitation id="20694B0028681279FB37FED6FF573321" author="Desvaux, N. A." pageId="4" pageNumber="196" pagination="79 - 84" refId="ref4246" refString="Desvaux, N. A. (1814) Monographie du genre Onobrychis. Journal de Botanique, Appliquee a l'Agriculture, a la Pharmacie, a la Medicine et aux Arts 3: 79 - 84." type="journal article" year="1814">Desvaux (1814: 81)</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="83F84D7228681279FF74FEB2FDC23321" authority="Boissier (1846: 69)" authorityName="Boissier" authorityPageNumber="69" authorityYear="1846" box="[187,570,340,365]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Plumbaginaceae" genus="Acantholimon" kingdom="Plantae" order="Caryophyllales" pageId="4" pageNumber="196" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="768CEAE328681279FF74FEB2FEA03321" box="[187,344,340,365]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="196">Acantholimon</emphasis>
Boissier (1846: 69)
</taxonomicName>
, and also
<taxonomicName id="83F84D7228681279FD66FEB2FB763321" authority="Baker (1877 a: 281)" authorityName="Baker" authorityPageNumber="281" authorityYear="1877" box="[681,1166,340,365]" class="Liliopsida" family="Asphodelaceae" genus="Eremurus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asparagales" pageId="4" pageNumber="196" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="stenophyllus">
<emphasis id="768CEAE328681279FD66FEB2FC523321" box="[681,938,340,365]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="196">Eremurus stenophyllus</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="20694B0028681279FC7EFEB2FBC73321" author="Baker, J. G." box="[945,1087,340,365]" pageId="4" pageNumber="196" refId="ref3899" refString="253 - 363. Baker, J. G. (1877 b) New garden plants. Gardeners' Chronicle n. s. 8: 744 - 745. Baker, J. G. (1892) Handbook of Irideae. G. Bell &amp; Sons, London, 247 pp." type="book" year="1877">Baker (1877</bibRefCitation>
a: 281)
</taxonomicName>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="444736F128681279FF72FE9EFD613151" blockId="4.[136,1452,160,2093]" pageId="4" pageNumber="196">
<materialsCitation id="F4903CAC28681279FF72FE9EFCE233F9" collectingDate="1988-04-30" collectionCode="FUMH" collectorName="SW Daregaz &amp; Allah Akbar &amp; Joharchi &amp; Zangooei" country="Iran" elevation="1650" location="Razavi" pageId="4" pageNumber="196" specimenCount="2" stateProvince="Khorasan-e Shomali">
<emphasis id="768CEAE328681279FF72FE9EFD3C33DD" bold="true" box="[189,708,376,401]" pageId="4" pageNumber="196">
<typeStatus id="9B43885328681279FF72FE9EFDCD33DD" box="[189,565,376,401]" isOtherTypeStatus="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="196">Additional specimens examined</typeStatus>
(
<typeStatus id="9B43885328681279FD8CFE9EFD4533DD" box="[579,701,376,401]" pageId="4" pageNumber="196" type="paratype">paratypes</typeStatus>
)
</emphasis>
:—
<collectingCountry id="3CEF766128681279FD29FE9EFCC833DD" box="[742,816,376,401]" name="Iran" pageId="4" pageNumber="196">IRAN</collectingCountry>
.
<location id="4127602A28681279FCF6FE9EFC7F33DD" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:CC5187E7286D1278FF47FB92FA6A3291:4127602A28681279FCF6FE9EFC7F33DD" box="[825,903,376,401]" country="Iran" name="Razavi" pageId="4" pageNumber="196" stateProvince="Khorasan-e Shomali">Razavi</location>
<collectingRegion id="863CF81328681279FC43FE9EFBFF33DD" box="[908,1031,376,401]" country="Iran" name="Khorasan-e Shomali" pageId="4" pageNumber="196">Khorassan</collectingRegion>
:
<collectorName id="E90D532728681279FBDFFE9EFB6733DD" box="[1040,1183,376,401]" pageId="4" pageNumber="196">SW Daregaz</collectorName>
,
<collectorName id="E90D532728681279FB67FE9EFAC833DD" box="[1192,1328,376,401]" pageId="4" pageNumber="196">Allah Akbar</collectorName>
pass,
<quantity id="83009B1428681279FABCFE9EFF5833F9" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.65" pageId="4" pageNumber="196" unit="m" value="1650.0">
<elevation id="CFD5D1C228681279FABCFE9EFF5833F9" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.65" pageId="4" pageNumber="196" unit="m" value="1650.0">1650 m</elevation>
</quantity>
,
<date id="3046103128681279FF61FE7AFEA933F9" box="[174,337,412,437]" pageId="4" pageNumber="196" value="1988-04-30">
<collectingDate id="2002E9D928681279FF61FE7AFEA933F9" box="[174,337,412,437]" pageId="4" pageNumber="196" value="1988-04-30">30 April 1988</collectingDate>
</date>
,
<emphasis id="768CEAE328681279FE91FE7AFD5933F9" box="[350,673,412,437]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="196">
<collectorName id="E90D532728681279FE91FE7AFE3933F9" box="[350,449,412,437]" pageId="4" pageNumber="196">Joharchi</collectorName>
&amp;
<collectorName id="E90D532728681279FE27FE7AFDAA33F9" box="[488,594,412,437]" pageId="4" pageNumber="196">Zangooei</collectorName>
16320
</emphasis>
(
<collectionCode id="22E9AE3428681279FD7DFE7AFCF633F9" box="[690,782,412,437]" country="Iran" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15384" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15384" name="Ferdowsi University" pageId="4" pageNumber="196" type="Herbarium">FUMH</collectionCode>
!)
</materialsCitation>
;
<materialsCitation id="F4903CAC28681279FCE8FE7AFF1E3395" collectionCode="TARI" collectorName="SW Daregaz &amp; Allah Akbar &amp; Foroughi" country="Iran" elevation="1710" pageId="4" pageNumber="196" specimenCount="1">
<collectorName id="E90D532728681279FCE8FE7AFC4233F9" box="[807,954,412,437]" pageId="4" pageNumber="196">SW Daregaz</collectorName>
,
<collectorName id="E90D532728681279FC09FE7AFBA933F9" box="[966,1105,412,437]" pageId="4" pageNumber="196">Allah Akbar</collectorName>
pass,
<quantity id="83009B1428681279FB54FE7AFB0C33F9" box="[1179,1268,412,437]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.71" pageId="4" pageNumber="196" unit="m" value="1710.0">
<elevation id="CFD5D1C228681279FB54FE7AFB0C33F9" box="[1179,1268,412,437]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.71" pageId="4" pageNumber="196" unit="m" value="1710.0">1710 m</elevation>
</quantity>
,
<emphasis id="768CEAE328681279FACDFE7AFA5333F9" box="[1282,1451,412,437]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="196">
<collectorName id="E90D532728681279FACDFE7AFA9333F9" box="[1282,1387,412,437]" pageId="4" pageNumber="196">Foroughi</collectorName>
5332
</emphasis>
(
<collectionCode id="22E9AE3428681279FF5FFE26FF223395" box="[144,218,448,473]" country="Taiwan" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/a13e-ta1z" name="Taiwan Agricultural Research Institute" pageId="4" pageNumber="196">TARI</collectionCode>
!)
</materialsCitation>
;
<materialsCitation id="F4903CAC28681279FF39FE26FF0033B1" collectingDate="1991-06-19" collectionCode="NE, FUMH" collectorName="Faghihnia &amp; Zangooei" country="Iran" elevation="1550" location="Kalat" municipality="Mashhad" pageId="4" pageNumber="196" specimenCount="1">
<collectionCode id="22E9AE3428681279FF39FE26FEE33395" box="[246,283,448,473]" country="Australia" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:14575" name="University of New England" pageId="4" pageNumber="196" type="Herbarium">NE</collectionCode>
<collectingMunicipality id="A423AC8B28681279FEE9FE26FE683395" box="[294,400,448,473]" pageId="4" pageNumber="196">Mashhad</collectingMunicipality>
,
<quantity id="83009B1428681279FE50FE26FE113395" box="[415,489,448,473]" metricMagnitude="4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.5" pageId="4" pageNumber="196" unit="km" value="65.0">65 km</quantity>
on the road towards
<location id="4127602A28681279FD27FE26FCDF3395" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:CC5187E7286D1278FF47FB92FA6A3291:4127602A28681279FD27FE26FCDF3395" box="[744,807,448,473]" country="Iran" municipality="Mashhad" name="Kalat" pageId="4" pageNumber="196">Kalat</location>
,
<quantity id="83009B1428681279FCF8FE26FC6A3395" box="[823,914,448,473]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.55" pageId="4" pageNumber="196" unit="m" value="1550.0">
<elevation id="CFD5D1C228681279FCF8FE26FC6A3395" box="[823,914,448,473]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.55" pageId="4" pageNumber="196" unit="m" value="1550.0">1550 m</elevation>
</quantity>
,
<date id="3046103128681279FC6EFE26FBB93395" box="[929,1089,448,473]" pageId="4" pageNumber="196" value="1991-06-19">
<collectingDate id="2002E9D928681279FC6EFE26FBB93395" box="[929,1089,448,473]" pageId="4" pageNumber="196" value="1991-06-19">19 June 1991</collectingDate>
</date>
,
<emphasis id="768CEAE328681279FB9FFE26FA533395" box="[1104,1451,448,473]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="196">
<collectorName id="E90D532728681279FB9FFE26FB3D3395" box="[1104,1221,448,473]" pageId="4" pageNumber="196">Faghihnia</collectorName>
&amp;
<collectorName id="E90D532728681279FB3EFE26FAA33395" box="[1265,1371,448,473]" pageId="4" pageNumber="196">Zangooei</collectorName>
20876
</emphasis>
(
<collectionCode id="22E9AE3428681279FF5FFE02FF1433B1" box="[144,236,484,509]" country="Iran" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15384" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15384" name="Ferdowsi University" pageId="4" pageNumber="196" type="Herbarium">FUMH</collectionCode>
!)
</materialsCitation>
;
<materialsCitation id="F4903CAC28681279FEC9FE02FAD733B1" box="[262,1327,484,509]" collectingDate="1994-05-19" collectionCode="FUMH" collectorName="SE Kalat &amp; Faghihnia &amp; Zangooei" country="Iran" elevation="2100" location="Zharf mountains" pageId="4" pageNumber="196" specimenCount="1">
<collectorName id="E90D532728681279FEC9FE02FE8833B1" box="[262,368,484,509]" pageId="4" pageNumber="196">SE Kalat</collectorName>
,
<location id="4127602A28681279FEB1FE02FDC633B1" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:CC5187E7286D1278FF47FB92FA6A3291:4127602A28681279FEB1FE02FDC633B1" box="[382,574,484,509]" country="Iran" name="Zharf mountains" pageId="4" pageNumber="196">Zharf mountains</location>
,
<quantity id="83009B1428681279FD84FE02FD5D33B1" box="[587,677,484,509]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.1" pageId="4" pageNumber="196" unit="m" value="2100.0">
<elevation id="CFD5D1C228681279FD84FE02FD5D33B1" box="[587,677,484,509]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.1" pageId="4" pageNumber="196" unit="m" value="2100.0">2100 m</elevation>
</quantity>
,
<date id="3046103128681279FD7CFE02FCA933B1" box="[691,849,484,509]" pageId="4" pageNumber="196" value="1994-05-19">
<collectingDate id="2002E9D928681279FD7CFE02FCA933B1" box="[691,849,484,509]" pageId="4" pageNumber="196" value="1994-05-19">19 May 1994</collectingDate>
</date>
,
<emphasis id="768CEAE328681279FC91FE02FB4E33B1" box="[862,1206,484,509]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="196">
<collectorName id="E90D532728681279FC91FE02FC2B33B1" box="[862,979,484,509]" pageId="4" pageNumber="196">Faghihnia</collectorName>
&amp;
<collectorName id="E90D532728681279FC33FE02FB9E33B1" box="[1020,1126,484,509]" pageId="4" pageNumber="196">Zangooei</collectorName>
23948
</emphasis>
(
<collectionCode id="22E9AE3428681279FB08FE02FADB33B1" box="[1223,1315,484,509]" country="Iran" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15384" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15384" name="Ferdowsi University" pageId="4" pageNumber="196" type="Herbarium">FUMH</collectionCode>
!)
</materialsCitation>
;
<materialsCitation id="F4903CAC28681279FAF2FE02FB12306D" collectingDate="1994-05-19" collectionCode="FUMH" collectorName="SE Kalat &amp; Faghihnia &amp; Zangooei" country="Iran" elevation="1400" location="Sar-Rud" municipality="Ortekand" pageId="4" pageNumber="196" specimenCount="1">
<collectorName id="E90D532728681279FAF2FE02FA5F33B1" box="[1341,1447,484,509]" pageId="4" pageNumber="196">SE Kalat</collectorName>
, between
<collectingMunicipality id="A423AC8B28681279FF20FDEEFEAF306D" box="[239,343,520,545]" pageId="4" pageNumber="196">Ortekand</collectingMunicipality>
and
<location id="4127602A28681279FE5BFDEEFE0C306D" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:CC5187E7286D1278FF47FB92FA6A3291:4127602A28681279FE5BFDEEFE0C306D" box="[404,500,520,545]" country="Iran" municipality="Ortekand" name="Sar-Rud" pageId="4" pageNumber="196">Sar-Rud</location>
,
<quantity id="83009B1428681279FDCDFDEEFDA4306D" box="[514,604,520,545]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.4" pageId="4" pageNumber="196" unit="m" value="1400.0">
<elevation id="CFD5D1C228681279FDCDFDEEFDA4306D" box="[514,604,520,545]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.4" pageId="4" pageNumber="196" unit="m" value="1400.0">1400 m</elevation>
</quantity>
,
<date id="3046103128681279FDA4FDEEFCF2306D" box="[619,778,520,545]" pageId="4" pageNumber="196" value="1994-05-19">
<collectingDate id="2002E9D928681279FDA4FDEEFCF2306D" box="[619,778,520,545]" pageId="4" pageNumber="196" value="1994-05-19">19 May 1994</collectingDate>
</date>
,
<emphasis id="768CEAE328681279FCD7FDEEFB88306D" box="[792,1136,520,545]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="196">
<collectorName id="E90D532728681279FCD7FDEEFC75306D" box="[792,909,520,545]" pageId="4" pageNumber="196">Faghihnia</collectorName>
&amp;
<collectorName id="E90D532728681279FC78FDEEFBD9306D" box="[951,1057,520,545]" pageId="4" pageNumber="196">Zangooei</collectorName>
23973
</emphasis>
(
<collectionCode id="22E9AE3428681279FB4CFDEEFB27306D" box="[1155,1247,520,545]" country="Iran" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15384" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15384" name="Ferdowsi University" pageId="4" pageNumber="196" type="Herbarium">FUMH</collectionCode>
!)
</materialsCitation>
;
<materialsCitation id="F4903CAC28681279FB36FDEEFF003025" collectingDate="2007-05-04" collectionCode="N, FUMH" collectorName="Zangooei &amp; Neshati" country="Iran" county="Mashhad" elevation="1425" location="Sandoq-Shekan" municipality="Kalat" pageId="4" pageNumber="196" specimenCount="1">
<collectionCode id="22E9AE3428681279FB36FDEEFAF5306D" box="[1273,1293,520,545]" country="China" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:13092" name="Nanjing University" pageId="4" pageNumber="196" type="Herbarium">N</collectionCode>
<collectingCounty id="AD264E7D28681279FAD7FDEEFA7A306D" box="[1304,1410,520,545]" pageId="4" pageNumber="196">Mashhad</collectingCounty>
, on the old road towards
<collectingMunicipality id="A423AC8B28681279FE4DFDCAFE393009" box="[386,449,556,581]" pageId="4" pageNumber="196">Kalat</collectingMunicipality>
, next to
<location id="4127602A28681279FDE4FDCAFD233009" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:CC5187E7286D1278FF47FB92FA6A3291:4127602A28681279FDE4FDCAFD233009" box="[555,731,556,581]" country="Iran" county="Mashhad" municipality="Kalat" name="Sandoq-Shekan" pageId="4" pageNumber="196">Sandoq-Shekan</location>
pass,
<quantity id="83009B1428681279FCE8FDCAFC3A3009" box="[807,962,556,581]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.425" metricValueMax="1.45" metricValueMin="1.4" pageId="4" pageNumber="196" unit="m" value="1425.0" valueMax="1450.0" valueMin="1400.0">
<elevation id="CFD5D1C228681279FCE8FDCAFC3A3009" box="[807,962,556,581]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.425" metricValueMax="1.45" metricValueMin="1.4" pageId="4" pageNumber="196" unit="m" value="1425.0" valueMax="1450.0" valueMin="1400.0">1400-1450 m</elevation>
</quantity>
,
<date id="3046103128681279FC1EFDCAFB9B3009" box="[977,1123,556,581]" pageId="4" pageNumber="196" value="2007-05-04">
<collectingDate id="2002E9D928681279FC1EFDCAFB9B3009" box="[977,1123,556,581]" pageId="4" pageNumber="196" value="2007-05-04">4 May 2007</collectingDate>
</date>
,
<emphasis id="768CEAE328681279FBBEFDCAFA533009" box="[1137,1451,556,581]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="196">
<collectorName id="E90D532728681279FBBEFDCAFB233009" box="[1137,1243,556,581]" pageId="4" pageNumber="196">Zangooei</collectorName>
&amp;
<collectorName id="E90D532728681279FACAFDCAFAA33009" box="[1285,1371,556,581]" pageId="4" pageNumber="196">Neshati</collectorName>
38749
</emphasis>
(
<collectionCode id="22E9AE3428681279FF5FFDB6FF143025" box="[144,236,592,617]" country="Iran" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15384" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15384" name="Ferdowsi University" pageId="4" pageNumber="196" type="Herbarium">FUMH</collectionCode>
!)
</materialsCitation>
;
<materialsCitation id="F4903CAC28681279FECBFDB6FD5F30C1" collectingDate="2012-05-20" collectionCode="N, FUMH" collectorName="Joharchi &amp; Memariani" country="Iran" county="Mashhad" elevation="2300" location="Kharkat" municipality="Hezar-Masjed Mountains" pageId="4" pageNumber="196" specimenCount="1">
<collectionCode id="22E9AE3428681279FECBFDB6FEE03025" box="[260,280,592,617]" country="China" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:13092" name="Nanjing University" pageId="4" pageNumber="196" type="Herbarium">N</collectionCode>
<collectingCounty id="AD264E7D28681279FED0FDB6FE713025" box="[287,393,592,617]" pageId="4" pageNumber="196">Mashhad</collectingCounty>
,
<collectingMunicipality id="A423AC8B28681279FE5CFDB6FD4B3025" box="[403,691,592,617]" pageId="4" pageNumber="196">Hezar-Masjed Mountains</collectingMunicipality>
,
<quantity id="83009B1428681279FD71FDB6FCFD3025" box="[702,773,592,617]" metricMagnitude="4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.5" pageId="4" pageNumber="196" unit="km" value="15.0">15 km</quantity>
north of
<location id="4127602A28681279FCA3FDB6FC313025" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:CC5187E7286D1278FF47FB92FA6A3291:4127602A28681279FCA3FDB6FC313025" box="[876,969,592,617]" country="Iran" county="Mashhad" municipality="Hezar-Masjed Mountains" name="Kharkat" pageId="4" pageNumber="196">Kharkat</location>
,
<location id="4127602A28681279FC1BFDB6FB673025" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:CC5187E7286D1278FF47FB92FA6A3291:4127602A28681279FC1BFDB6FB673025" box="[980,1183,592,617]" country="Iran" county="Mashhad" municipality="Hezar-Masjed Mountains" name="Qezel-Khesht Mt." pageId="4" pageNumber="196">Qezel-Khesht Mt.</location>
,
<quantity id="83009B1428681279FB65FDB6FAB13025" box="[1194,1353,592,617]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.3" metricValueMax="2.45" metricValueMin="2.15" pageId="4" pageNumber="196" unit="m" value="2300.0" valueMax="2450.0" valueMin="2150.0">
<elevation id="CFD5D1C228681279FB65FDB6FAB13025" box="[1194,1353,592,617]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.3" metricValueMax="2.45" metricValueMin="2.15" pageId="4" pageNumber="196" unit="m" value="2300.0" valueMax="2450.0" valueMin="2150.0">
2150
<emphasis id="768CEAE328681279FB2CFDB4FB0B3024" box="[1251,1267,594,616]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="196">−</emphasis>
2450 m
</elevation>
</quantity>
,
<date id="3046103128681279FA9AFDB6FF3B30C1" pageId="4" pageNumber="196" value="2012-05-20">
<collectingDate id="2002E9D928681279FA9AFDB6FF3B30C1" pageId="4" pageNumber="196" value="2012-05-20">20 May 2012</collectingDate>
</date>
,
<emphasis id="768CEAE328681279FF1DFD92FDD530C1" box="[210,557,628,653]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="196">
<collectorName id="E90D532728681279FF1DFD92FECD30C1" box="[210,309,628,653]" pageId="4" pageNumber="196">Joharchi</collectorName>
&amp;
<collectorName id="E90D532728681279FE90FD92FE2330C1" box="[351,475,628,653]" pageId="4" pageNumber="196">Memariani</collectorName>
44785
</emphasis>
(
<collectionCode id="22E9AE3428681279FDF0FD92FD6330C1" box="[575,667,628,653]" country="Iran" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15384" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15384" name="Ferdowsi University" pageId="4" pageNumber="196" type="Herbarium">FUMH</collectionCode>
!)
</materialsCitation>
;
<materialsCitation id="F4903CAC28681279FD79FD92FC6F30FD" collectingDate="2012-06-05" collectionCode="FUMH" collectorName="NW Mashhad &amp; Joharchi &amp; Memariani" country="Iran" elevation="2750" location="Abad" municipality="Hezar-Masjed" pageId="4" pageNumber="196" specimenCount="1">
<collectorName id="E90D532728681279FD79FD92FCA130C1" box="[694,857,628,653]" pageId="4" pageNumber="196">NW Mashhad</collectorName>
,
<quantity id="83009B1428681279FCA7FD92FC5C30C1" box="[872,932,628,653]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="9.0" pageId="4" pageNumber="196" unit="km" value="9.0">9 km</quantity>
from
<collectingMunicipality id="A423AC8B28681279FC3FFD92FB7630C1" box="[1008,1166,628,653]" pageId="4" pageNumber="196">Hezar-Masjed</collectingMunicipality>
summit towards Karim-
<location id="4127602A28681279FF47FD7EFF3F30FD" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:CC5187E7286D1278FF47FB92FA6A3291:4127602A28681279FF47FD7EFF3F30FD" box="[136,199,664,689]" country="Iran" municipality="Hezar-Masjed" name="Abad" pageId="4" pageNumber="196">Abad</location>
,
<quantity id="83009B1428681279FF1CFD7EFED330FD" box="[211,299,664,689]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.75" pageId="4" pageNumber="196" unit="m" value="2750.0">
<elevation id="CFD5D1C228681279FF1CFD7EFED330FD" box="[211,299,664,689]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.75" pageId="4" pageNumber="196" unit="m" value="2750.0">2750 m</elevation>
</quantity>
,
<date id="3046103128681279FEF8FD7EFE3A30FD" box="[311,450,664,689]" pageId="4" pageNumber="196" value="2012-06-05">
<collectingDate id="2002E9D928681279FEF8FD7EFE3A30FD" box="[311,450,664,689]" pageId="4" pageNumber="196" value="2012-06-05">5 June 2012</collectingDate>
</date>
,
<emphasis id="768CEAE328681279FE01FD7EFCE730FD" box="[462,799,664,689]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="196">
<collectorName id="E90D532728681279FE01FD7EFDC930FD" box="[462,561,664,689]" pageId="4" pageNumber="196">Joharchi</collectorName>
&amp;
<collectorName id="E90D532728681279FD9AFD7EFD2930FD" box="[597,721,664,689]" pageId="4" pageNumber="196">Memariani</collectorName>
44858
</emphasis>
(
<collectionCode id="22E9AE3428681279FCE0FD7EFC7330FD" box="[815,907,664,689]" country="Iran" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15384" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15384" name="Ferdowsi University" pageId="4" pageNumber="196" type="Herbarium">FUMH</collectionCode>
!)
</materialsCitation>
;
<materialsCitation id="F4903CAC28681279FC6CFD7EFAB53099" collectingDate="2015-04-29" collectionCode="N, FUMH" collectorName="Joharchi &amp; Memariani" country="Iran" county="Mashhad" elevation="1614" location="Khowr" municipality="Kalat" pageId="4" pageNumber="196" specimenCount="1">
<collectionCode id="22E9AE3428681279FC6CFD7EFC4F30FD" box="[931,951,664,689]" country="China" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:13092" name="Nanjing University" pageId="4" pageNumber="196" type="Herbarium">N</collectionCode>
<collectingCounty id="AD264E7D28681279FC70FD7EFBD130FD" box="[959,1065,664,689]" pageId="4" pageNumber="196">Mashhad</collectingCounty>
, on the road towards
<collectingMunicipality id="A423AC8B28681279FAD5FD7EFAA130FD" box="[1306,1369,664,689]" pageId="4" pageNumber="196">Kalat</collectingMunicipality>
, on the bifurcation road towards
<location id="4127602A28681279FE6DFD5AFE0A3099" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:CC5187E7286D1278FF47FB92FA6A3291:4127602A28681279FE6DFD5AFE0A3099" box="[418,498,700,725]" country="Iran" county="Mashhad" municipality="Kalat" name="Khowr" pageId="4" pageNumber="196">Khowr</location>
,
<quantity id="83009B1428681279FE33FD5AFDAB3099" box="[508,595,700,725]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.614" pageId="4" pageNumber="196" unit="m" value="1614.0">
<elevation id="CFD5D1C228681279FE33FD5AFDAB3099" box="[508,595,700,725]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.614" pageId="4" pageNumber="196" unit="m" value="1614.0">1614 m</elevation>
</quantity>
,
<date id="3046103128681279FD90FD5AFD053099" box="[607,765,700,725]" pageId="4" pageNumber="196" value="2015-04-29">
<collectingDate id="2002E9D928681279FD90FD5AFD053099" box="[607,765,700,725]" pageId="4" pageNumber="196" value="2015-04-29">29 April 2015</collectingDate>
</date>
,
<emphasis id="768CEAE328681279FCC7FD5AFBAF3099" box="[776,1111,700,725]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="196">
<collectorName id="E90D532728681279FCC7FD5AFC933099" box="[776,875,700,725]" pageId="4" pageNumber="196">Joharchi</collectorName>
&amp;
<collectorName id="E90D532728681279FC41FD5AFBF23099" box="[910,1034,700,725]" pageId="4" pageNumber="196">Memariani</collectorName>
45369
</emphasis>
(
<collectionCode id="22E9AE3428681279FBA9FD5AFB473099" box="[1126,1215,700,725]" country="Iran" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15384" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15384" name="Ferdowsi University" pageId="4" pageNumber="196" type="Herbarium">FUMH</collectionCode>
!) (in flower)
</materialsCitation>
;
<materialsCitation id="F4903CAC28681279FA97FD5AFD4930B5" collectionCode="FUMH" collectorName="Joharchi &amp; Memariani" country="Iran" pageId="4" pageNumber="196" specimenCount="1">
<emphasis id="768CEAE328681279FA97FD5AFA5C3099" box="[1368,1444,700,725]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="196">ibidem</emphasis>
,
<emphasis id="768CEAE328681279FF47FD06FE2D30B5" box="[136,469,736,761]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="196">
<collectorName id="E90D532728681279FF47FD06FF1330B5" box="[136,235,736,761]" pageId="4" pageNumber="196">Joharchi</collectorName>
&amp;
<collectorName id="E90D532728681279FEC2FD06FE7130B5" box="[269,393,736,761]" pageId="4" pageNumber="196">Memariani</collectorName>
45370
</emphasis>
(
<collectionCode id="22E9AE3428681279FE2CFD06FDC430B5" box="[483,572,736,761]" country="Iran" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15384" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15384" name="Ferdowsi University" pageId="4" pageNumber="196" type="Herbarium">FUMH</collectionCode>
!) (in fruit)
</materialsCitation>
;
<materialsCitation id="F4903CAC28681279FD74FD06FD6D3151" collectingDate="2016-04-27" collectionCode="FUMH" collectorName="SW Daregaz &amp; Joharchi &amp; Memariani" country="Iran" elevation="1700" location="Allah Akbar" pageId="4" pageNumber="196" specimenCount="1">
<collectorName id="E90D532728681279FD74FD06FCB330B5" box="[699,843,736,761]" pageId="4" pageNumber="196">SW Daregaz</collectorName>
, northern slopes of
<location id="4127602A28681279FBEDFD06FB5330B5" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:CC5187E7286D1278FF47FB92FA6A3291:4127602A28681279FBEDFD06FB5330B5" box="[1058,1195,736,761]" country="Iran" name="Allah Akbar" pageId="4" pageNumber="196">Allah Akbar</location>
pass,
<quantity id="83009B1428681279FB20FD06FABD30B5" box="[1263,1349,736,761]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.7" pageId="4" pageNumber="196" unit="m" value="1700.0">
<elevation id="CFD5D1C228681279FB20FD06FABD30B5" box="[1263,1349,736,761]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.7" pageId="4" pageNumber="196" unit="m" value="1700.0">1700 m</elevation>
</quantity>
,
<date id="3046103128681279FA9FFD06FF3B3151" pageId="4" pageNumber="196" value="2016-04-27">
<collectingDate id="2002E9D928681279FA9FFD06FF3B3151" pageId="4" pageNumber="196" value="2016-04-27">27 April 2016</collectingDate>
</date>
,
<emphasis id="768CEAE328681279FF01FCE2FDE63151" box="[206,542,772,797]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="196">
<collectorName id="E90D532728681279FF01FCE2FEC93151" box="[206,305,772,797]" pageId="4" pageNumber="196">Joharchi</collectorName>
&amp;
<collectorName id="E90D532728681279FE9BFCE2FE283151" box="[340,464,772,797]" pageId="4" pageNumber="196">Memariani</collectorName>
45722
</emphasis>
(
<collectionCode id="22E9AE3428681279FDE2FCE2FD713151" box="[557,649,772,797]" country="Iran" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15384" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15384" name="Ferdowsi University" pageId="4" pageNumber="196" type="Herbarium">FUMH</collectionCode>
!)
</materialsCitation>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="444736F128681279FF72FCCEFD3D36C9" blockId="4.[136,1452,160,2093]" pageId="4" pageNumber="196">
<emphasis id="768CEAE328681279FF72FCCEFE50310D" bold="true" box="[189,424,808,833]" pageId="4" pageNumber="196">Conservation status</emphasis>
:—According to IUCN Red List Categories and Criteria(
<bibRefCitation id="20694B0028681279FBDEFCCEFB6F310D" author="IUCN" box="[1041,1175,808,833]" pageId="4" pageNumber="196" refId="ref4454" refString="IUCN (2016) Guidelines for Using the IUCN Red List Categories and Criteria. Version 12. Prepared by the Standards and Petitions Subcommittee. Available from: http: // www. iucnredlist. org / documents / RedListGuidelines. pdf (accessed 20 August 2016)" type="book" year="2016">IUCN 2016</bibRefCitation>
), the extent of occurrence (EOO) and the area of occupancy (AOO) for the new species are estimated
<quantity id="83009B1428681279FC12FCAAFBC73129" box="[989,1087,844,869]" metricMagnitude="6" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.1" pageId="4" pageNumber="196" unit="km" value="1100.0">1100 km</quantity>
<superScript id="B38D9BB928681279FBF0FCACFBBF3114" attach="left" box="[1087,1095,842,856]" fontSize="6" pageId="4" pageNumber="196">2</superScript>
and
<quantity id="83009B1428681279FBB4FCAAFB293129" box="[1147,1233,844,869]" metricMagnitude="5" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.89" pageId="4" pageNumber="196" unit="km" value="889.0">889 km</quantity>
<superScript id="B38D9BB928681279FB1FFCACFB203114" attach="left" box="[1232,1240,842,856]" fontSize="6" pageId="4" pageNumber="196">2</superScript>
, respectively (
<figureCitation id="DCC32A7428681279FAB1FCAAFF6031C5" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="3.[136,229,1993,2014]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,1425,1969]" captionTargetId="figure-61@3.[151,1436,1425,1969]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURE 3. GeoCAT distribution map of Iris ferdowsii in Hezar-Masjed Mountains, NE Iran, and estimation of Extent of Occurrence (EOO = 1100 km2) and Area of Occupancy (AOO = 889 km2), with maximum distance of 130 km between pairs of points, based on IUCN Red List Criteria." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13699579" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13699579/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="196">Fig. 3</figureCitation>
). Regarding the geographic distribution range, populations are severely fragmented and a continuous decline is observed in the extent and quality of habitats. Therefore,
<taxonomicName id="83F84D7228681279FCCDFC72FC7831E1" authorityName="Joharchi &amp; Memariani" authorityYear="2017" box="[770,896,916,941]" class="Liliopsida" family="Iridaceae" genus="Iris" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asparagales" pageId="4" pageNumber="196" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="ferdowsii">
<emphasis id="768CEAE328681279FCCDFC72FC7831E1" box="[770,896,916,941]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="196">I. ferdowsii</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is here assessed as Endangered [EN B1ab(iii,iv)]. The eastern and southeastern parts of the species range are not only outside of the officially protected areas, but also are intensely grazed by livestock and also degraded by agricultural over-exploitation and climate aridity. Some populations are located in the borders of Ors-e Sistan (Hezar-Masjed) and Allah Akbar Protected Areas. These protected areas were rather recently established (in 2000 and 2009, respectively), therefore the habitats have experienced a disturbance history, mainly by over-grazing and road construction. So, urgent
<emphasis id="768CEAE328681279FCA7FBAEFC55362D" box="[872,941,1096,1121]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="196">in situ</emphasis>
and
<emphasis id="768CEAE328681279FC2BFBAEFBD3362D" box="[996,1067,1096,1121]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="196">ex situ</emphasis>
conservation practices are needed to protect the remaining populations of the species.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="444736F128681278FF72FB76FA6A3291" blockId="4.[136,1452,160,2093]" lastBlockId="5.[136,1451,160,221]" lastPageId="5" lastPageNumber="197" pageId="4" pageNumber="196">
<emphasis id="768CEAE328681279FF72FB76FE1C36E5" bold="true" box="[189,484,1168,1193]" pageId="4" pageNumber="196">Taxonomic relationships</emphasis>
:—The species of
<taxonomicName id="83F84D7228681279FD77FB76FC5F36E5" box="[696,935,1168,1193]" class="Liliopsida" family="Iridaceae" genus="Iris" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asparagales" pageId="4" pageNumber="196" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="section" section="Oncocyclus">
<emphasis id="768CEAE328681279FD77FB76FD2736E5" box="[696,735,1168,1193]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="196">Iris</emphasis>
sect.
<emphasis id="768CEAE328681279FCEBFB76FC5F36E5" box="[804,935,1168,1193]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="196">Oncocyclus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and
<emphasis id="768CEAE328681279FC2DFB76FC0B36E5" box="[994,1011,1168,1193]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="196">I.</emphasis>
sect.
<taxonomicName id="83F84D7228681279FBF7FB76FB7636E5" box="[1080,1166,1168,1193]" pageId="4" pageNumber="192" rank="section" section="Regelia">
<emphasis id="768CEAE328681279FBF7FB76FB7636E5" box="[1080,1166,1168,1193]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="196">Regelia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, two groups of
<taxonomicName id="83F84D7228681279FA87FB76FA9736E5" authorityName="Linnaeus" authorityYear="1753" box="[1352,1391,1168,1193]" class="Liliopsida" family="Iridaceae" genus="Iris" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asparagales" pageId="4" pageNumber="196" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus" sensu="stricto">
<emphasis id="768CEAE328681279FA87FB76FA9736E5" box="[1352,1391,1168,1193]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="196">Iris</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="6DBF579828681279FAB7FB76FA5336E5" box="[1400,1451,1168,1193]" pageId="4" pageNumber="196" sensu="stricto">s.str.</taxonomicNameLabel>
with an aril on their seeds, seem to be in an active diversification and evolution in eastern Mediterranean, through eastern
<collectingCountry id="3CEF766128681279FF10FB3EFEC836BD" box="[223,304,1240,1265]" name="Turkey" pageId="4" pageNumber="196">Turkey</collectingCountry>
, Caucasia,
<collectingCountry id="3CEF766128681279FE7FFB3EFE2536BD" box="[432,477,1240,1265]" name="Iran" pageId="4" pageNumber="196">Iran</collectingCountry>
and
<collectingCountry id="3CEF766128681279FDDBFB3EFD6536BD" box="[532,669,1240,1265]" name="Afghanistan" pageId="4" pageNumber="196">Afghanistan</collectingCountry>
to Middle Asia. The northeastern part of
<collectingCountry id="3CEF766128681279FBBBFB3EFB5936BD" box="[1140,1185,1240,1265]" name="Iran" pageId="4" pageNumber="196">Iran</collectingCountry>
is the westernmost and easternmost range of distribution for the species of both sections, respectively.This area belongs to the Khorassan-Kopet Dagh (KK) floristic province of the Irano-Turanian region, which is well-known for holding a unique combination of flora and diverse vegetation
<typeStatus id="9B43885328681279FE20FAA2FDD53711" box="[495,557,1348,1373]" pageId="4" pageNumber="196">types</typeStatus>
, as well as 14% of plant endemism (
<bibRefCitation id="20694B0028681279FC19FAA2FB1D3711" author="Memariani, F. &amp; Zarrinpour, V. &amp; Akhani, H." box="[982,1253,1348,1373]" pageId="4" pageNumber="196" pagination="8 - 30" refId="ref4808" refString="Memariani, F., Zarrinpour, V. &amp; Akhani, H. (2016 a) A review of plant diversity, vegetation and phytogeography of the Khorassan-Kopet Dagh floristic province in the Irano-Turanian region (northeastern Iran - southern Turkmenistan). Phytotaxa 249: 8 - 30. https: // doi. org / 10.11646 / phytotaxa. 249.1.4" type="journal article" year="2016">
Memariani
<emphasis id="768CEAE328681279FB94FAA2FB6E3711" box="[1115,1174,1348,1373]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="196">et al.</emphasis>
2016a
</bibRefCitation>
,
<bibRefCitation id="20694B0028681279FB3CFAA2FAC33711" author="Memariani, F. &amp; Akhani, H. &amp; Joharchi, M. R." box="[1267,1339,1348,1373]" pageId="4" pageNumber="196" pagination="31 - 117" refId="ref4872" refString="Memariani, F., Akhani, H. &amp; Joharchi, M. R. (2016 b) Endemic plants of the Khorassan-Kopet Dagh floristic province in the Irano-Turanian region: diversity, distribution patterns and conservation status. Phytotaxa 249: 31 - 117. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.11646 / phytotaxa. 249.1.5" type="journal article" year="2016">2016b</bibRefCitation>
) which is above the average in the neighbouring Central Asia (
<bibRefCitation id="20694B0028681279FD1DFA8EFC7A37CD" author="Sennikov, A. N." box="[722,898,1384,1409]" pageId="4" pageNumber="196" pagination="5 - 7" refId="ref5180" refString="Sennikov, A. N. (2016) The plant world of the Khorassan-Kopet Dagh Floristic Province: a tribute to Eskandar Firouz. Phytotaxa 249: 5 - 7. https: // doi. org / 10.11646 / phytotaxa. 249.1.3" type="journal article" year="2016">Sennikov 2016</bibRefCitation>
). On the one hand, the northeastern corner of
<collectingCountry id="3CEF766128681279FAB0FA8EFA5437CD" box="[1407,1452,1384,1409]" name="Iran" pageId="4" pageNumber="196">Iran</collectingCountry>
was hitherto known as the westernmost extreme of the range of sect.
<taxonomicName id="83F84D7228681279FC55FA6AFC0837E9" box="[922,1008,1420,1445]" pageId="4" pageNumber="192" rank="section" section="Regelia">
<emphasis id="768CEAE328681279FC55FA6AFC0837E9" box="[922,1008,1420,1445]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="196">Regelia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
; however, the discovery of
<taxonomicName id="83F84D7228681279FAE3FA6AFA5337E9" authorityName="Joharchi &amp; Memariani" authorityYear="2017" box="[1324,1451,1420,1445]" class="Liliopsida" family="Iridaceae" genus="Iris" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asparagales" pageId="4" pageNumber="196" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="ferdowsii">
<emphasis id="768CEAE328681279FAE3FA6AFA5337E9" box="[1324,1451,1420,1445]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="196">I. ferdowsii</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
extends the range of this section further westwards to the Eastern KK in Hezar-Masjed mountain range and partly to the Central KK in Allah Akbar mount (
<figureCitation id="DCC32A7428681279FDFAFA32FD8037A1" box="[565,632,1492,1517]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="3.[136,229,1993,2014]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,1425,1969]" captionTargetId="figure-61@3.[151,1436,1425,1969]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURE 3. GeoCAT distribution map of Iris ferdowsii in Hezar-Masjed Mountains, NE Iran, and estimation of Extent of Occurrence (EOO = 1100 km2) and Area of Occupancy (AOO = 889 km2), with maximum distance of 130 km between pairs of points, based on IUCN Red List Criteria." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13699579" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13699579/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="196">Fig. 3</figureCitation>
). Central and Eastern KK are the main areas of that floristic province with a high endemic distinctiveness (
<bibRefCitation id="20694B0028681279FE21FA1EFD04345D" author="Memariani, F. &amp; Akhani, H. &amp; Joharchi, M. R." box="[494,764,1528,1553]" pageId="4" pageNumber="196" pagination="31 - 117" refId="ref4872" refString="Memariani, F., Akhani, H. &amp; Joharchi, M. R. (2016 b) Endemic plants of the Khorassan-Kopet Dagh floristic province in the Irano-Turanian region: diversity, distribution patterns and conservation status. Phytotaxa 249: 31 - 117. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.11646 / phytotaxa. 249.1.5" type="journal article" year="2016">
Memariani
<emphasis id="768CEAE328681279FDBDFA1EFD52345D" box="[626,682,1528,1553]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="196">et al.</emphasis>
2016b
</bibRefCitation>
). On the other hand,
<taxonomicName id="83F84D7228681279FC29FA1EFB90345D" authorityName="Meyer" authorityYear="1831" box="[998,1128,1528,1553]" class="Liliopsida" family="Iridaceae" genus="Iris" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asparagales" pageId="4" pageNumber="196" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="acutiloba">
<emphasis id="768CEAE328681279FC29FA1EFB90345D" box="[998,1128,1528,1553]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="196">I. acutiloba</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is the only species of
<emphasis id="768CEAE328681279FAAEFA1EFA8A345D" box="[1377,1394,1528,1553]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="196">I.</emphasis>
sect.
<emphasis id="768CEAE328681279FF47F9FAFEF33479" box="[136,267,1564,1589]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="196">Oncocyclus</emphasis>
whose distribution range extends to the Western KK (North
<collectingRegion id="863CF81328681279FC09F9FAFB523479" box="[966,1194,1564,1589]" country="Iran" name="Khorasan-e Shomali" pageId="4" pageNumber="196">Khorassan province</collectingRegion>
, and S
<collectingCountry id="3CEF766128681279FACFF9FAFA583479" box="[1280,1440,1564,1589]" name="Turkmenistan" pageId="4" pageNumber="196">Turkmenistan</collectingCountry>
). So, the ranges of both sections come close together in KK, though they do not overlap based on the current data. In the area,
<taxonomicName id="83F84D7228681279FF20F982FBD93431" authority="(Trautvetter 1870: 24) Mathew &amp; Wendelbo" authorityName="Mathew &amp; Wendelbo" baseAuthorityName="Trautvetter" baseAuthorityPageNumber="24" baseAuthorityYear="1870" box="[239,1057,1636,1661]" class="Liliopsida" family="Iridaceae" genus="Iris" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asparagales" pageId="4" pageNumber="196" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="subSpecies" species="acutiloba" subSpecies="lineolata">
<emphasis id="768CEAE328681279FF20F982FE883431" box="[239,368,1636,1661]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="196">I. acutiloba</emphasis>
subsp.
<emphasis id="768CEAE328681279FE09F982FDD23431" box="[454,554,1636,1661]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="196">lineolata</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="20694B0028681279FDF7F982FCD93431" author="Trautvetter, E. R. von" box="[568,801,1636,1661]" pageId="4" pageNumber="196" pagination="13 - 34" refId="ref5489" refString="Trautvetter, E. R. von (1870) Observationes in plantas a Dre. G. Radde anno 1870 in Turcomania et transcaucasis lectas, nec non in alias quastam. Acta Horti Petropolitani 1: 13 - 34." type="journal article" year="1870">Trautvetter 1870: 24</bibRefCitation>
) Mathew &amp; Wendelbo
</taxonomicName>
(in Wendebo &amp; Mathew 1975: 32) grows on flat plains or lower to medium elevation mountain belt in Western KK, where the habitats receive higher annual precipitation than that of Central-Eastern KK which covers the distribution range of the new species
<taxonomicName id="83F84D7228681279FAE8F94AFA5C3489" authorityName="Joharchi &amp; Memariani" authorityYear="2017" box="[1319,1444,1708,1733]" class="Liliopsida" family="Iridaceae" genus="Iris" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asparagales" pageId="4" pageNumber="196" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="ferdowsii">
<emphasis id="768CEAE328681279FAE8F94AFA5C3489" box="[1319,1444,1708,1733]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="196">I. ferdowsii</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. Morphologically,
<taxonomicName id="83F84D7228681279FE9BF936FE1434A5" authorityName="Joharchi &amp; Memariani" authorityYear="2017" box="[340,492,1744,1769]" class="Liliopsida" family="Iridaceae" genus="Iris" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asparagales" pageId="4" pageNumber="196" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="ferdowsii">
<emphasis id="768CEAE328681279FE9BF936FE1434A5" box="[340,492,1744,1769]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="196">Iris ferdowsii</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
can be distinguished easily from the species of
<emphasis id="768CEAE328681279FBECF936FBCB34A5" box="[1059,1075,1744,1769]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="196">I.</emphasis>
sect.
<emphasis id="768CEAE328681279FBB5F936FB0534A5" box="[1146,1277,1744,1769]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="196">Oncocyclus</emphasis>
by its bearded standards, despite of having 1-flowered stem. In pressed and dried herbarium material, the colour of perigone segments of
<taxonomicName id="83F84D7228681279FF6AF8FEFEDA357D" authorityName="Joharchi &amp; Memariani" authorityYear="2017" box="[165,290,1816,1841]" class="Liliopsida" family="Iridaceae" genus="Iris" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asparagales" pageId="4" pageNumber="196" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="ferdowsii">
<emphasis id="768CEAE328681279FF6AF8FEFEDA357D" box="[165,290,1816,1841]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="196">I. ferdowsii</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="83F84D7228681279FE99F8FEFE2E357D" authorityName="Meyer" authorityYear="1831" box="[342,470,1816,1841]" class="Liliopsida" family="Iridaceae" genus="Iris" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asparagales" pageId="4" pageNumber="196" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="acutiloba">
<emphasis id="768CEAE328681279FE99F8FEFE2E357D" box="[342,470,1816,1841]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="196">I. acutiloba</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(
<figureCitation id="DCC32A7428681279FE2BF8FEFDDE357D" box="[484,550,1816,1841]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="5.[136,229,1569,1590]" captionTargetBox="[152,1435,246,1544]" captionTargetId="figure-50@5.[151,1436,245,1544]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURE 4. Bearded irises (Iris s.str.) in NE Iran. A–B) I. falcifolia (I. sect. Hexapogon) with bearded hairs on falls (A) and also on standards (B). C) I. acutiloba subsp. lineolata (I. sect. Oncocyclus). D) I. ferdowsii (sect. Regelia), showing bearded hairs on standards." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13699581" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13699581/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="196">Fig. 4</figureCitation>
) changes to purplish, so they may be confused if the diagnostic characters such as the bearded standards and the shape of floral segments are not checked carefully. For this reason, it seems that
<bibRefCitation id="20694B0028681279FA81F8DAFF2B3535" author="Mazhari, N." pageId="4" pageNumber="196" refId="ref4748" refString="Mazhari, N. (2000) No. 31. Iridaceae. In: Assadi, M., Maassoumi, A. A., Khatamsaz, M. &amp; Mozaffarin, V. (Eds.) Flora of Iran. Research Institute of Forests and Rangelands, Tehran, 87 pp. [In Persian]" type="book" year="2000">Mazhari (2000)</bibRefCitation>
overlooked the new species from Central-Eastern KK specimens (such as
<emphasis id="768CEAE328681279FBDFF886FBB03535" box="[1040,1096,1888,1913]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="196">5332</emphasis>
-TARI!; and also
<emphasis id="768CEAE328681279FAC4F886FAA93535" box="[1291,1361,1888,1913]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="196">16320</emphasis>
,
<emphasis id="768CEAE328681279FA91F886FA5C3535" box="[1374,1444,1888,1913]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="196">20876</emphasis>
,
<emphasis id="768CEAE328681279FF47F862FF3635D1" box="[136,206,1924,1949]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="196">23948</emphasis>
,
<emphasis id="768CEAE328681279FF13F862FEDA35D1" box="[220,290,1924,1949]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="196">23973</emphasis>
-FUMH! on sheet labels), which she identified as
<taxonomicName id="83F84D7228681279FC81F862FB7E35D1" authorityName="Mathew &amp; Wendelbo" baseAuthorityName="Trautvetter" baseAuthorityYear="1870" box="[846,1158,1924,1949]" class="Liliopsida" family="Iridaceae" genus="Iris" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asparagales" pageId="4" pageNumber="196" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="subSpecies" species="acutiloba" subSpecies="lineolata">
<emphasis id="768CEAE328681279FC81F862FC3735D1" box="[846,975,1924,1949]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="196">I. acutiloba</emphasis>
subsp.
<emphasis id="768CEAE328681279FBEDF862FB7E35D1" box="[1058,1158,1924,1949]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="196">lineolata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. Furthermore,
<taxonomicName id="83F84D7228681279FAE2F862FA5335D1" authorityName="Joharchi &amp; Memariani" authorityYear="2017" box="[1325,1451,1924,1949]" class="Liliopsida" family="Iridaceae" genus="Iris" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asparagales" pageId="4" pageNumber="196" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="ferdowsii">
<emphasis id="768CEAE328681279FAE2F862FA5335D1" box="[1325,1451,1924,1949]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="196">I. ferdowsii</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
differs from the other species of
<emphasis id="768CEAE328681279FE34F84EFDF4358D" box="[507,524,1960,1985]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="196">I.</emphasis>
sect.
<taxonomicName id="83F84D7228681279FD81F84EFD5C358D" box="[590,676,1960,1985]" pageId="4" pageNumber="192" rank="section" section="Regelia">
<emphasis id="768CEAE328681279FD81F84EFD5C358D" box="[590,676,1960,1985]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="196">Regelia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
in the Flora Iranica area by several morphological characters (
<tableCitation id="097A034A28681279FAA3F84EFF6D35A9" captionStart="TABLE 1" captionStartId="6.[136,224,159,182]" captionText="TABLE 1. Morphological comparison between Iris ferdowsii and the closely related species of Iris sect. Hexapogon and I. sect. Regelia in the Flora Iranica area, based on data obtained from Wendelbo &amp; Mathew (1972), Komarov (1935), and Ovchinnikov (1963)." pageId="4" pageNumber="196">Table 1</tableCitation>
). It can also be distinguished from
<taxonomicName id="83F84D7228681279FDE6F82AFD5E35A9" authorityName="Bunge" authorityYear="1852" box="[553,678,1996,2021]" class="Liliopsida" family="Iridaceae" genus="Iris" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asparagales" pageId="4" pageNumber="196" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="falcifolia">
<emphasis id="768CEAE328681279FDE6F82AFD5E35A9" box="[553,678,1996,2021]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="196">I. falcifolia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
by its longer and wider perigone segments (falls and standards) and styles and also by the shape of floral parts (
<figureCitation id="DCC32A7428681279FDB8F816FD463A45" box="[631,702,2032,2057]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="5.[136,229,1569,1590]" captionTargetBox="[152,1435,246,1544]" captionTargetId="figure-50@5.[151,1436,245,1544]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURE 4. Bearded irises (Iris s.str.) in NE Iran. A–B) I. falcifolia (I. sect. Hexapogon) with bearded hairs on falls (A) and also on standards (B). C) I. acutiloba subsp. lineolata (I. sect. Oncocyclus). D) I. ferdowsii (sect. Regelia), showing bearded hairs on standards." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13699581" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13699581/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="196">Fig. 4</figureCitation>
).
<taxonomicName id="83F84D7228681279FD1CF816FC9F3A45" authorityName="Bunge" authorityYear="1852" box="[723,871,2032,2057]" class="Liliopsida" family="Iridaceae" genus="Iris" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asparagales" pageId="4" pageNumber="196" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="falcifolia">
<emphasis id="768CEAE328681279FD1CF816FC9F3A45" box="[723,871,2032,2057]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="196">Iris falcifolia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
actually resembles
<emphasis id="768CEAE328681279FB87F816FBA13A45" box="[1096,1113,2032,2057]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="196">I.</emphasis>
sect.
<taxonomicName id="83F84D7228681279FB54F816FB093A45" box="[1179,1265,2032,2057]" pageId="4" pageNumber="192" rank="section" section="Regelia">
<emphasis id="768CEAE328681279FB54F816FB093A45" box="[1179,1265,2032,2057]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="196">Regelia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, however, it has been classified within
<emphasis id="768CEAE328681279FE45F7F2FE633A61" box="[394,411,2068,2093]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="196">I.</emphasis>
sect.
<emphasis id="768CEAE328681279FE2FF7F2FD993A61" box="[480,609,2068,2093]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="196">Hexapogon</emphasis>
Bunge (1852: 329). Moreover,
<taxonomicName id="83F84D7228681279FC1FF7F2FA753A61" authority="Grey-Wilson &amp; Mathew" authorityName="Grey-Wilson &amp; Mathew" box="[976,1421,2068,2093]" class="Liliopsida" family="Iridaceae" genus="Iris" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asparagales" pageId="4" pageNumber="196" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="kuschkensis">
<emphasis id="768CEAE328681279FC1FF7F2FB963A61" box="[976,1134,2068,2093]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="196">I. kuschkensis</emphasis>
Grey-Wilson &amp; Mathew
</taxonomicName>
in
<bibRefCitation id="20694B0028691278FF47FF46FE6232F5" author="Grey-Wilson, C." box="[136,410,160,185]" pageId="5" pageNumber="197" pagination="19 - 81" refId="ref4419" refString="Grey-Wilson, C. (1974) Some Notes on the Flora of Iran and Afghanistan. Kew Bulletin 29: 19 - 81. https: // doi. org / 10.2307 / 4108373" type="journal article" year="1974">Grey-Wilson (1974: 67)</bibRefCitation>
, an endemic species to NW
<collectingCountry id="3CEF766128691278FD16FF46FC9A32F5" box="[729,866,160,185]" name="Afghanistan" pageId="5" pageNumber="197">Afghanistan</collectingCountry>
with a close geographical range to the new species, can be distinguished by its higher stature, 2-flowered stem and more or less straight leaves among other characters.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>
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