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<document id="6FFE63A4F3177BCA7E716E24E2CD899F" ID-DOI="10.12782/specdiv.26.297" ID-ISSN="2189-7301" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5739111" ID-ZooBank="1E87A39C-02DE-4710-BFEF-E5C2FBCD54FB" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="existingObjects,plazi" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1638231351736" checkinUser="felipe" docAuthor="Nonaka, Masanori &amp; Hayashibara, Takeshi" docDate="2021" docId="CC5187C7FFEFFFA3FEBCF878FB8EF92F" docLanguage="en" docName="SpeciesDiversity.26.2.297-342.pdf" docOrigin="Species Diversity 26" docStyle="DocumentStyle:27FECD2C3CD153DA405029F2D33C9514.7:SpeciesDiversity.2012-.journal_article" docStyleId="27FECD2C3CD153DA405029F2D33C9514" docStyleName="SpeciesDiversity.2012-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="7" docTitle="Hemicorallium muzikae Nonaka &amp; Hayashibara 2021, sp. nov." docType="treatment" docVersion="3" lastPageNumber="331" masterDocId="3068FFBFFFCEFF81FF9BFFDBFF84FFD7" masterDocTitle="A Report on Coralliidae (Cnidaria: Octocorallia) Specimens Collected from the Emperor Seamounts with Descriptions of Three New Species" masterLastPageNumber="342" masterPageNumber="297" pageNumber="330" updateTime="1699434610184" updateUser="plazi" zenodo-license-document="CC-BY-4.0">
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<mods:title id="4B0E127335717A4F0E32CF8A893B2D77">A Report on Coralliidae (Cnidaria: Octocorallia) Specimens Collected from the Emperor Seamounts with Descriptions of Three New Species</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="D8B4F07EFC06DD81848E09B0366E2A94">Nonaka, Masanori</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="239CAE91E676BB49F8A73D05B3B54160">Okinawa Churashima Foundation Research Center, Motobu-cho, Okinawa 905 - 0206, Japan E-mail: m-nonaka @ okichura. jp &amp; Corresponding author</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="5272A5AA8EF870F91059DE63033C44AA">Hayashibara, Takeshi</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="5C5078FF4D85E2FF6C8AA72392D69DAE">Seikai National Fisheries Research Institute, Ishigaki, Okinawa 907 - 0451, Japan</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:title id="66D671CF36DD650E9846700F52057FBB">Species Diversity</mods:title>
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<paragraph id="444736D1FFEFFFA0FEBCF878FDF2F86C" blockId="33.[295,630,1955,1979]" box="[295,630,1955,1979]" pageId="33" pageNumber="330">
<heading id="1F0F81BDFFEFFFA0FEBCF878FDF2F86C" box="[295,630,1955,1979]" centered="true" fontSize="10" level="2" pageId="33" pageNumber="330" reason="2">
<taxonomicName id="83F84D52FFEFFFA0FEBCF878FDA6F86C" ID-CoL="8YKPM" authority="Nonaka &amp; Hayashibara, 2021" authorityName="Nonaka &amp; Hayashibara" authorityYear="2021" box="[295,546,1955,1979]" class="Anthozoa" family="Coralliidae" genus="Hemicorallium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Alcyonacea" pageId="33" pageNumber="330" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="muzikae" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="768CEAC3FFEFFFA0FEBCF878FDA6F86C" bold="true" box="[295,546,1955,1979]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="330">Hemicorallium muzikae</emphasis>
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<taxonomicNameLabel id="6DBF57B8FFEFFFA0FDBCF87FFDF2F86C" box="[551,630,1956,1979]" pageId="33" pageNumber="330" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
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<subSubSection id="0CE2655AFFEFFFA0FECFF81FFDC3F80B" box="[340,583,1988,2012]" pageId="33" pageNumber="330" type="description">
<paragraph id="444736D1FFEFFFA0FECFF81FFDC3F80B" blockId="33.[340,583,1988,2012]" box="[340,583,1988,2012]" pageId="33" pageNumber="330">
<heading id="1F0F81BDFFEFFFA0FECFF81FFDC3F80B" box="[340,583,1988,2012]" centered="true" fontSize="10" level="2" pageId="33" pageNumber="330" reason="2">
(
<figureCitation id="DCC32A54FFEFFFA0FEC0F81FFE48F80B" box="[347,460,1988,2012]" captionStart-0="Fig" captionStart-1="Fig" captionStart-2="Fig" captionStart-3="Fig" captionStart-4="Fig" captionStart-5="Fig" captionStart-6="Fig" captionStart-7="Fig" captionStartId-0="37.[156,187,1068,1090]" captionStartId-1="37.[156,187,1609,1631]" captionStartId-2="37.[821,852,1611,1633]" captionStartId-3="38.[156,187,700,722]" captionStartId-4="38.[156,187,1296,1318]" captionStartId-5="38.[822,853,696,718]" captionStartId-6="39.[156,187,1859,1881]" captionStartId-7="40.[156,187,1071,1093]" captionTargetBox-0="[189,1398,207,1028]" captionTargetBox-2="[178,1410,1147,1572]" captionTargetBox-3="[158,1410,206,660]" captionTargetBox-4="[177,745,831,1257]" captionTargetBox-6="[188,1398,207,1820]" captionTargetBox-7="[177,745,206,1031]" captionTargetId-0="figure-219@37.[187,1400,205,1030]" captionTargetId-4="figure-596@38.[176,746,830,1258]" captionTargetId-6="figure-6@39.[187,1399,205,1821]" captionTargetId-7="figure-277@40.[176,746,205,1032]" captionTargetPageId-0="37" captionTargetPageId-2="37" captionTargetPageId-3="38" captionTargetPageId-4="38" captionTargetPageId-6="39" captionTargetPageId-7="40" captionText-0="Fig. 49. Hemicorallium muzikae sp. nov., holotype, NSMT-Co 1738. Scale bar: 20mm." captionText-1="Fig. 50. Hemicorallium muzikae sp. nov., NSMT-Co 1738. A, Autozooid side; B, opposite side. Scale bar: 20mm." captionText-2="Fig. 51. Surface detail of Hemicorallium muzikae sp. nov., NSMT- Co 1738. Abbreviations: PO, commensal polychaete; W, wart. Scale bars: 1.0mm." captionText-3="Fig. 52. Detail of twig of Hemicorallium muzikae sp. nov., NSMT- Co 1738. Abbreviations: AZ, autozooid; SZ, siphonozooid. Scale bar: 1.0mm." captionText-4="Fig. 53. Detail of twig of Hemicorallium muzikae sp. nov., NSMT- Co 1738. Abbreviation: LG, longitudinal groove. Scale bar: 1.0mm." captionText-5="Fig. 54. Section of a twig of Hemicorallium muzikae sp. nov., NSMT-Co 1738. Abbreviations: GC, gastrovascular cavity; AX, axis; CO, coenenchyme.Scale bar: 1.0mm." captionText-6="Fig. 55. Hemicorallium muzikae sp. nov.: NSMT-Co 1738. Sclerites: from tentacles, autozooid mounds, branch tips and colony base. Scale bar: 0.05mm." captionText-7="Fig. 56. Hemicorallium muzikae sp. nov., NSMT-Co 1738. Composition of sclerites from each part sampled." figureDoi-0="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5739208" figureDoi-2="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5739210" figureDoi-3="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5739212" figureDoi-4="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5739214" figureDoi-6="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5739216" figureDoi-7="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5739218" httpUri-0="https://zenodo.org/record/5739208/files/figure.png" httpUri-2="https://zenodo.org/record/5739210/files/figure.png" httpUri-3="https://zenodo.org/record/5739212/files/figure.png" httpUri-4="https://zenodo.org/record/5739214/files/figure.png" httpUri-6="https://zenodo.org/record/5739216/files/figure.png" httpUri-7="https://zenodo.org/record/5739218/files/figure.png" pageId="33" pageNumber="330">Figs 49–56</figureCitation>
; 
<tableCitation id="097A036AFFEFFFA0FE4EF81FFDACF80B" box="[469,552,1988,2012]" captionStart="Table 2" captionStartId="4.[157,205,190,212]" captionText="Table 2. Summary of measurements of taxonomic characters for each specimen examined. Measurements reported are the" pageId="33" pageNumber="330">Tables 2</tableCitation>
, 
<tableCitation id="097A036AFFEFFFA0FDA9F81FFDBBF80B" box="[562,575,1988,2012]" captionStart="Table 7" captionStartId="36.[845,893,840,863]" captionText="Table 7. Summary of length and width measurements of common (more than 11%) sclerites for each specimen examined of Hemicorallium kaiyo sp . nov . , H . muzikae sp . nov . and H . tokiyasui sp . nov . Mea- surements are reported the average±standard deviation in µm. Bold numbers indicate most abundant sclerite type. “+” means not common (less than 10 % ) sclerites . “ − ” means not found ." pageId="33" pageNumber="330">7</tableCitation>
)
</heading>
</paragraph>
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<subSubSection id="0CE2655AFFEFFFA0FF2EF7DFFB67F8CE" box="[181,1251,1792,2077]" pageId="33" pageNumber="330" type="materials_examined">
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<emphasis id="768CEAC3FFEFFFA0FF2EF7DFFE03F7CB" bold="true" box="[181,391,2052,2076]" pageId="33" pageNumber="330">Material examined.</emphasis>
<typeStatus id="9B438873FFEFFFA0FE3AF7DEFD85F7CA" box="[417,513,2053,2077]" pageId="33" pageNumber="330" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
, NSMT-Co 1738, Colahan Seamount, 
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, 
<date id="30461011FFEFFFA0FBD7F8DAFB5AF8CE" box="[1100,1246,1793,1817]" pageId="33" pageNumber="330" value="2012-08-02">2 August 2012</date>
.
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<subSubSection id="0CE2655AFFEFFFA3FCD5F8FAFEC6FC7D" lastPageId="34" lastPageNumber="331" pageId="33" pageNumber="330" type="diagnosis">
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<emphasis id="768CEAC3FFEFFFA0FCD5F8FAFC3AF8EE" bold="true" box="[846,958,1825,1849]" pageId="33" pageNumber="330">Diagnosis.</emphasis>
Colony may branch almost in one plane, with some anastomoses, but the whole colony form is unknown. Branching irregular, almost acute angles. Contract- ed autozooids are concentrated on one side of the colony, interpolypary distance 
<quantity id="83009B34FFEFFFA0FB96F878FB00F86C" box="[1037,1156,1955,1979]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.4" metricValueMax="3.7" metricValueMin="1.1" pageId="33" pageNumber="330" unit="mm" value="2.4" valueMax="3.7" valueMin="1.1">1.1–3.7mm</quantity>
, diameter 
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(average 
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) and height 
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(average 
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). Coenenchyme is 
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(average 
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) thick in the dry condition, with small warts, pale pink in color. Axis pink, stout, with longitudinal grooves, many commensal burrows, no depressions underneath autozooids. Tentacles contain rods about 
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long, coenenchyme contains mainly 8-radiates, 6-, 7-, multi-radiates are present, doubleclubs are absent.
</paragraph>
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Fig. 46. Surface detail of 
<taxonomicName id="83F84D52FFECFFA3FE09FD77FDC8FD16" authority="Nonaka &amp; Hayashibara, 2021" authorityName="Nonaka &amp; Hayashibara" authorityYear="2021" box="[402,588,684,705]" class="Anthozoa" family="Coralliidae" genus="Hemicorallium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Alcyonacea" pageId="34" pageNumber="331" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="kaiyo" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="768CEAC3FFECFFA3FE09FD77FDC8FD16" box="[402,588,684,705]" italics="true" pageId="34" pageNumber="331">Hemicorallium kaiyo</emphasis>
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<taxonomicNameLabel id="6DBF57B8FFECFFA3FDC9FD77FD1CFD16" box="[594,664,684,705]" pageId="34" pageNumber="331" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
, NSMT-Co 1737. Scale bar: 1.0 mm.
</paragraph>
</caption>
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Description of the 
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.
</emphasis>
Colony form. The specimen consists of two twigs (
<figureCitation id="DCC32A54FFECFFA3FE28FC08FE79FC3C" box="[435,509,979,1003]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="37.[156,187,1068,1090]" captionTargetBox="[189,1398,207,1028]" captionTargetId="figure-219@37.[187,1400,205,1030]" captionTargetPageId="37" captionText="Fig. 49. Hemicorallium muzikae sp. nov., holotype, NSMT-Co 1738. Scale bar: 20mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5739208" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5739208/files/figure.png" pageId="34" pageNumber="331">Fig. 49</figureCitation>
). One is 
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long and 
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wide, the other about 
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long and 
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wide. Diameter is 
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at the branch base, 
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terminally (
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). Branching may be almost planar, with some anastomoses, but colony form is unknown. The angle of branching is irregular, almost acute (
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).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="444736D1FFECFFA3FF2EFB4DFD6DFA04" blockId="34.[156,768,784,2077]" pageId="34" pageNumber="331">
Polyps. The autozooids are not retracted into the coenenchyme, making cylindrical mounds with 8 conspicuous longitudinal striations (
<figureCitation id="DCC32A54FFECFFA3FE09FB0CFE5BFB38" box="[402,479,1239,1263]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="38.[156,187,700,722]" captionTargetBox="[158,1410,206,660]" captionTargetPageId="38" captionText="Fig. 52. Detail of twig of Hemicorallium muzikae sp. nov., NSMT- Co 1738. Abbreviations: AZ, autozooid; SZ, siphonozooid. Scale bar: 1.0mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5739212" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5739212/files/figure.png" pageId="34" pageNumber="331">Fig. 52</figureCitation>
). They are present on only one side of the colony, absent on the opposite side (
<figureCitation id="DCC32A54FFECFFA3FD31FB23FD77FAC7" box="[682,755,1272,1296]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="37.[156,187,1609,1631]" captionText="Fig. 50. Hemicorallium muzikae sp. nov., NSMT-Co 1738. A, Autozooid side; B, opposite side. Scale bar: 20mm." pageId="34" pageNumber="331">Fig. 50</figureCitation>
), tending to concentrate on the terminal twigs, but not making clusters (
<figureCitation id="DCC32A54FFECFFA3FE87FAE2FEE1FA86" box="[284,357,1337,1361]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="37.[821,852,1611,1633]" captionTargetBox="[178,1410,1147,1572]" captionTargetPageId="37" captionText="Fig. 51. Surface detail of Hemicorallium muzikae sp. nov., NSMT- Co 1738. Abbreviations: PO, commensal polychaete; W, wart. Scale bars: 1.0mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5739210" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5739210/files/figure.png" pageId="34" pageNumber="331">Fig. 51</figureCitation>
). They measure 1.08± 
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in diameter and 0.99± 
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in height (
<figureCitation id="DCC32A54FFECFFA3FD92FA82FDD0FAA6" box="[521,596,1369,1393]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="38.[156,187,700,722]" captionTargetBox="[158,1410,206,660]" captionTargetPageId="38" captionText="Fig. 52. Detail of twig of Hemicorallium muzikae sp. nov., NSMT- Co 1738. Abbreviations: AZ, autozooid; SZ, siphonozooid. Scale bar: 1.0mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5739212" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5739212/files/figure.png" pageId="34" pageNumber="331">Fig. 52</figureCitation>
; 
<tableCitation id="097A036AFFECFFA3FDF9FA82FD34FAA5" box="[610,688,1369,1394]" captionStart="Table 2" captionStartId="4.[157,205,190,212]" captionText="Table 2. Summary of measurements of taxonomic characters for each specimen examined. Measurements reported are the" pageId="34" pageNumber="331">Table 2</tableCitation>
). Interpolypary distance is 
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on the twigs (
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). Siphonozooids (0.08± 
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in diameter) are sparsely distributed on the basal parts of the autozooids (
<figureCitation id="DCC32A54FFECFFA3FDDAFA60FD0CFA04" box="[577,648,1467,1491]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="38.[156,187,700,722]" captionTargetBox="[158,1410,206,660]" captionTargetPageId="38" captionText="Fig. 52. Detail of twig of Hemicorallium muzikae sp. nov., NSMT- Co 1738. Abbreviations: AZ, autozooid; SZ, siphonozooid. Scale bar: 1.0mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5739212" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5739212/files/figure.png" pageId="34" pageNumber="331">Fig. 52</figureCitation>
; 
<tableCitation id="097A036AFFECFFA3FD09FA60FD59FA04" box="[658,733,1467,1491]" captionStart="Table 2" captionStartId="4.[157,205,190,212]" captionText="Table 2. Summary of measurements of taxonomic characters for each specimen examined. Measurements reported are the" pageId="34" pageNumber="331">Table 2</tableCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="444736D1FFECFFA3FF2EFA07FE31F9A1" blockId="34.[156,768,784,2077]" pageId="34" pageNumber="331">
Axis. The surface of the axis is almost smooth, having shallow longitudinal grooves about 
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apart (
<figureCitation id="DCC32A54FFECFFA3FD2AFA27FD7FF9C3" box="[689,763,1532,1556]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="38.[156,187,1296,1318]" captionTargetBox="[177,745,831,1257]" captionTargetId="figure-596@38.[176,746,830,1258]" captionTargetPageId="38" captionText="Fig. 53. Detail of twig of Hemicorallium muzikae sp. nov., NSMT- Co 1738. Abbreviation: LG, longitudinal groove. Scale bar: 1.0mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5739214" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5739214/files/figure.png" pageId="34" pageNumber="331">Fig. 53</figureCitation>
; 
<tableCitation id="097A036AFFECFFA3FF07F9C6FF63F9E2" box="[156,231,1565,1589]" captionStart="Table 2" captionStartId="4.[157,205,190,212]" captionText="Table 2. Summary of measurements of taxonomic characters for each specimen examined. Measurements reported are the" pageId="34" pageNumber="331">Table 2</tableCitation>
). There are no rounded pits on the surface of the axis at the positions of autozooids. Many polychaete burrows are present in the axis (
<figureCitation id="DCC32A54FFECFFA3FEFBF985FE2CF9A1" box="[352,424,1630,1654]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="37.[821,852,1611,1633]" captionTargetBox="[178,1410,1147,1572]" captionTargetPageId="37" captionText="Fig. 51. Surface detail of Hemicorallium muzikae sp. nov., NSMT- Co 1738. Abbreviations: PO, commensal polychaete; W, wart. Scale bars: 1.0mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5739210" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5739210/files/figure.png" pageId="34" pageNumber="331">Fig. 51</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="444736D1FFECFFA3FF2EF9A5FEC7F84D" blockId="34.[156,768,784,2077]" pageId="34" pageNumber="331">
Coenenchyme. Coenenchyme is very thin, 0.13± 
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thick, covering the axis (
<figureCitation id="DCC32A54FFECFFA3FE36F944FE7EF960" box="[429,506,1695,1719]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="38.[822,853,696,718]" captionText="Fig. 54. Section of a twig of Hemicorallium muzikae sp. nov., NSMT-Co 1738. Abbreviations: GC, gastrovascular cavity; AX, axis; CO, coenenchyme.Scale bar: 1.0mm." pageId="34" pageNumber="331">Fig. 54</figureCitation>
; 
<tableCitation id="097A036AFFECFFA3FD90F944FDD8F960" box="[523,604,1695,1719]" captionStart="Table 2" captionStartId="4.[157,205,190,212]" captionText="Table 2. Summary of measurements of taxonomic characters for each specimen examined. Measurements reported are the" pageId="34" pageNumber="331">Table 2</tableCitation>
). Warts (about 
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in diameter) are visible on the surface (
<figureCitation id="DCC32A54FFECFFA3FD18F964FD4AF900" box="[643,718,1727,1751]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="37.[821,852,1611,1633]" captionTargetBox="[178,1410,1147,1572]" captionTargetPageId="37" captionText="Fig. 51. Surface detail of Hemicorallium muzikae sp. nov., NSMT- Co 1738. Abbreviations: PO, commensal polychaete; W, wart. Scale bars: 1.0mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5739210" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5739210/files/figure.png" pageId="34" pageNumber="331">Figs 51</figureCitation>
, 
<figureCitation id="DCC32A54FFECFFA3FD43F964FD77F900" box="[728,755,1727,1751]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="38.[156,187,700,722]" captionTargetBox="[158,1410,206,660]" captionTargetPageId="38" captionText="Fig. 52. Detail of twig of Hemicorallium muzikae sp. nov., NSMT- Co 1738. Abbreviations: AZ, autozooid; SZ, siphonozooid. Scale bar: 1.0mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5739212" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5739212/files/figure.png" pageId="34" pageNumber="331">52</figureCitation>
), tending to line up longitudinally. On the twigs they become raised ridges (
<figureCitation id="DCC32A54FFECFFA3FEB5F8DBFEFDF8CF" box="[302,377,1792,1816]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="38.[156,187,700,722]" captionTargetBox="[158,1410,206,660]" captionTargetPageId="38" captionText="Fig. 52. Detail of twig of Hemicorallium muzikae sp. nov., NSMT- Co 1738. Abbreviations: AZ, autozooid; SZ, siphonozooid. Scale bar: 1.0mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5739212" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5739212/files/figure.png" pageId="34" pageNumber="331">Fig. 52</figureCitation>
), especially on the side without autozooids. At high magnifications, the gastrovascular system is visible through the thin coenenchyme (
<figureCitation id="DCC32A54FFECFFA3FDDDF89AFD15F88E" box="[582,657,1857,1881]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="38.[822,853,696,718]" captionText="Fig. 54. Section of a twig of Hemicorallium muzikae sp. nov., NSMT-Co 1738. Abbreviations: GC, gastrovascular cavity; AX, axis; CO, coenenchyme.Scale bar: 1.0mm." pageId="34" pageNumber="331">Fig. 54</figureCitation>
). This thin coenenchymal “curtain” covers the burrows of commensal worms (
<figureCitation id="DCC32A54FFECFFA3FF75F859FEB2F84D" box="[238,310,1922,1946]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="37.[821,852,1611,1633]" captionTargetBox="[178,1410,1147,1572]" captionTargetPageId="37" captionText="Fig. 51. Surface detail of Hemicorallium muzikae sp. nov., NSMT- Co 1738. Abbreviations: PO, commensal polychaete; W, wart. Scale bars: 1.0mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5739210" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5739210/files/figure.png" pageId="34" pageNumber="331">Fig. 51</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="444736D1FFECFFA3FF2EF878FE5DF80C" blockId="34.[156,768,784,2077]" pageId="34" pageNumber="331">
Color. The dry coenenchyme is pale pink, the axis is a deeper pink color (
<figureCitation id="DCC32A54FFECFFA3FEC0F818FE4AF80C" box="[347,462,1987,2011]" captionStart-0="Fig" captionStart-1="Fig" captionStart-2="Fig" captionStart-3="Fig" captionStart-4="Fig" captionStart-5="Fig" captionStartId-0="37.[156,187,1068,1090]" captionStartId-1="37.[156,187,1609,1631]" captionStartId-2="37.[821,852,1611,1633]" captionStartId-3="38.[156,187,700,722]" captionStartId-4="38.[156,187,1296,1318]" captionStartId-5="38.[822,853,696,718]" captionTargetBox-0="[189,1398,207,1028]" captionTargetBox-2="[178,1410,1147,1572]" captionTargetBox-3="[158,1410,206,660]" captionTargetBox-4="[177,745,831,1257]" captionTargetId-0="figure-219@37.[187,1400,205,1030]" captionTargetId-4="figure-596@38.[176,746,830,1258]" captionTargetPageId-0="37" captionTargetPageId-2="37" captionTargetPageId-3="38" captionTargetPageId-4="38" captionText-0="Fig. 49. Hemicorallium muzikae sp. nov., holotype, NSMT-Co 1738. Scale bar: 20mm." captionText-1="Fig. 50. Hemicorallium muzikae sp. nov., NSMT-Co 1738. A, Autozooid side; B, opposite side. Scale bar: 20mm." captionText-2="Fig. 51. Surface detail of Hemicorallium muzikae sp. nov., NSMT- Co 1738. Abbreviations: PO, commensal polychaete; W, wart. Scale bars: 1.0mm." captionText-3="Fig. 52. Detail of twig of Hemicorallium muzikae sp. nov., NSMT- Co 1738. Abbreviations: AZ, autozooid; SZ, siphonozooid. Scale bar: 1.0mm." captionText-4="Fig. 53. Detail of twig of Hemicorallium muzikae sp. nov., NSMT- Co 1738. Abbreviation: LG, longitudinal groove. Scale bar: 1.0mm." captionText-5="Fig. 54. Section of a twig of Hemicorallium muzikae sp. nov., NSMT-Co 1738. Abbreviations: GC, gastrovascular cavity; AX, axis; CO, coenenchyme.Scale bar: 1.0mm." figureDoi-0="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5739208" figureDoi-2="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5739210" figureDoi-3="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5739212" figureDoi-4="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5739214" httpUri-0="https://zenodo.org/record/5739208/files/figure.png" httpUri-2="https://zenodo.org/record/5739210/files/figure.png" httpUri-3="https://zenodo.org/record/5739212/files/figure.png" httpUri-4="https://zenodo.org/record/5739214/files/figure.png" pageId="34" pageNumber="331">Figs 49–54</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="444736D1FFECFFA3FF2EF83FFC0FFEC8" blockId="34.[156,768,784,2077]" lastBlockId="34.[821,1433,198,1784]" pageId="34" pageNumber="331">
Sclerites. The tentacles contain mainly rods (37%; 0.092± 
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long, 0.024± 
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wide), multi-radi- ates (29%; 0.079± 
<quantity id="83009B34FFECFFA3FC6CFF1DFBDEFF09" box="[1015,1114,198,222]" metricMagnitude="-5" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.3" pageId="34" pageNumber="331" unit="mm" value="0.013">0.013 mm</quantity>
long, 0.033± 
<quantity id="83009B34FFECFFA3FB6BFF1DFAD6FF09" box="[1264,1362,198,222]" metricMagnitude="-6" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.0" pageId="34" pageNumber="331" unit="mm" value="0.005">0.005 mm</quantity>
wide) and a few 6-radiates, 7-radiates and 8-radiates (
<figureCitation id="DCC32A54FFECFFA3FABBFF3CFAE9FF28" box="[1312,1389,231,255]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="39.[156,187,1859,1881]" captionTargetBox="[188,1398,207,1820]" captionTargetId="figure-6@39.[187,1399,205,1821]" captionTargetPageId="39" captionText="Fig. 55. Hemicorallium muzikae sp. nov.: NSMT-Co 1738. Sclerites: from tentacles, autozooid mounds, branch tips and colony base. Scale bar: 0.05mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5739216" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5739216/files/figure.png" pageId="34" pageNumber="331">Figs 55</figureCitation>
, 
<figureCitation id="DCC32A54FFECFFA3FAE2FF3CFA17FF28" box="[1401,1427,231,255]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="40.[156,187,1071,1093]" captionTargetBox="[177,745,206,1031]" captionTargetId="figure-277@40.[176,746,205,1032]" captionTargetPageId="40" captionText="Fig. 56. Hemicorallium muzikae sp. nov., NSMT-Co 1738. Composition of sclerites from each part sampled." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5739218" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5739218/files/figure.png" pageId="34" pageNumber="331">56</figureCitation>
; 
<tableCitation id="097A036AFFECFFA3FCAEFEDCFCFAFEC8" box="[821,894,263,287]" captionStart="Table 7" captionStartId="36.[845,893,840,863]" captionText="Table 7. Summary of length and width measurements of common (more than 11%) sclerites for each specimen examined of Hemicorallium kaiyo sp . nov . , H . muzikae sp . nov . and H . tokiyasui sp . nov . Mea- surements are reported the average±standard deviation in µm. Bold numbers indicate most abundant sclerite type. “+” means not common (less than 10 % ) sclerites . “ − ” means not found ." pageId="34" pageNumber="331">Table 7</tableCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="444736D1FFECFFA3FCD5FEF3FB1BFE34" blockId="34.[821,1433,198,1784]" pageId="34" pageNumber="331">
The autozooid mounds contain mainly symmetric 8-radiates (45%; 0.068± 
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long, 0.041± 
<quantity id="83009B34FFECFFA3FAADFE93FA13FEB7" box="[1334,1431,328,352]" metricMagnitude="-6" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.0" pageId="34" pageNumber="331" unit="mm" value="0.004">0.004 mm</quantity>
wide), asymmetric 8-radiates (19%; 0.071± 
<quantity id="83009B34FFECFFA3FB63FEB2FADFFE57" box="[1272,1371,361,385]" metricMagnitude="-6" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.0" pageId="34" pageNumber="331" unit="mm" value="0.006">0.006 mm</quantity>
long, 0.044± 
<quantity id="83009B34FFECFFA3FC1BFE52FC67FE76" box="[896,995,393,417]" metricMagnitude="-6" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.0" pageId="34" pageNumber="331" unit="mm" value="0.003">0.003 mm</quantity>
wide), 7-radiates (19%; 0.065± 
<quantity id="83009B34FFECFFA3FAAFFE52FA13FE76" box="[1332,1431,393,417]" metricMagnitude="-6" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.0" pageId="34" pageNumber="331" unit="mm" value="0.003">0.003 mm</quantity>
long, 0.042± 
<quantity id="83009B34FFECFFA3FC5AFE71FBA7FE16" box="[961,1059,426,450]" metricMagnitude="-6" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.0" pageId="34" pageNumber="331" unit="mm" value="0.003">0.003 mm</quantity>
wide), and a few 6-radiates and multi-radiates (
<figureCitation id="DCC32A54FFECFFA3FC4BFE11FB9FFE35" box="[976,1051,458,482]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="39.[156,187,1859,1881]" captionTargetBox="[188,1398,207,1820]" captionTargetId="figure-6@39.[187,1399,205,1821]" captionTargetPageId="39" captionText="Fig. 55. Hemicorallium muzikae sp. nov.: NSMT-Co 1738. Sclerites: from tentacles, autozooid mounds, branch tips and colony base. Scale bar: 0.05mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5739216" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5739216/files/figure.png" pageId="34" pageNumber="331">Figs 55</figureCitation>
, 
<figureCitation id="DCC32A54FFECFFA3FBBEFE11FBBBFE35" box="[1061,1087,458,482]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="40.[156,187,1071,1093]" captionTargetBox="[177,745,206,1031]" captionTargetId="figure-277@40.[176,746,205,1032]" captionTargetPageId="40" captionText="Fig. 56. Hemicorallium muzikae sp. nov., NSMT-Co 1738. Composition of sclerites from each part sampled." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5739218" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5739218/files/figure.png" pageId="34" pageNumber="331">56</figureCitation>
; 
<tableCitation id="097A036AFFECFFA3FBD3FE11FB16FE34" box="[1096,1170,458,483]" captionStart="Table 7" captionStartId="36.[845,893,840,863]" captionText="Table 7. Summary of length and width measurements of common (more than 11%) sclerites for each specimen examined of Hemicorallium kaiyo sp . nov . , H . muzikae sp . nov . and H . tokiyasui sp . nov . Mea- surements are reported the average±standard deviation in µm. Bold numbers indicate most abundant sclerite type. “+” means not common (less than 10 % ) sclerites . “ − ” means not found ." pageId="34" pageNumber="331">Table 7</tableCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="444736D1FFECFFA3FCD5FE30FB6EFD52" blockId="34.[821,1433,198,1784]" pageId="34" pageNumber="331">
The branch tips contain mainly symmetric 8-radiates (37%; 0.059± 
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long, 0.037± 
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width), asymmetric 8-radiates (32%; 0.056± 
<quantity id="83009B34FFECFFA3FB7CFDF7FACDFD94" box="[1255,1353,556,580]" metricMagnitude="-6" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.0" pageId="34" pageNumber="331" unit="mm" value="0.004">0.004 mm</quantity>
long, 0.038± 
<quantity id="83009B34FFECFFA3FC1BFD96FC67FDB3" box="[896,995,589,613]" metricMagnitude="-6" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.0" pageId="34" pageNumber="331" unit="mm" value="0.003">0.003 mm</quantity>
width), and a few 6-radiates, 7-radiates, multi-radiates, others (
<figureCitation id="DCC32A54FFECFFA3FB80FDB6FBE2FD52" box="[1051,1126,621,645]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="39.[156,187,1859,1881]" captionTargetBox="[188,1398,207,1820]" captionTargetId="figure-6@39.[187,1399,205,1821]" captionTargetPageId="39" captionText="Fig. 55. Hemicorallium muzikae sp. nov.: NSMT-Co 1738. Sclerites: from tentacles, autozooid mounds, branch tips and colony base. Scale bar: 0.05mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5739216" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5739216/files/figure.png" pageId="34" pageNumber="331">Figs 55</figureCitation>
, 
<figureCitation id="DCC32A54FFECFFA3FBF4FDB6FB0DFD52" box="[1135,1161,621,645]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="40.[156,187,1071,1093]" captionTargetBox="[177,745,206,1031]" captionTargetId="figure-277@40.[176,746,205,1032]" captionTargetPageId="40" captionText="Fig. 56. Hemicorallium muzikae sp. nov., NSMT-Co 1738. Composition of sclerites from each part sampled." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5739218" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5739218/files/figure.png" pageId="34" pageNumber="331">56</figureCitation>
; 
<tableCitation id="097A036AFFECFFA3FB08FDB6FB59FD52" box="[1171,1245,621,645]" captionStart="Table 7" captionStartId="36.[845,893,840,863]" captionText="Table 7. Summary of length and width measurements of common (more than 11%) sclerites for each specimen examined of Hemicorallium kaiyo sp . nov . , H . muzikae sp . nov . and H . tokiyasui sp . nov . Mea- surements are reported the average±standard deviation in µm. Bold numbers indicate most abundant sclerite type. “+” means not common (less than 10 % ) sclerites . “ − ” means not found ." pageId="34" pageNumber="331">Table 7</tableCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="444736D1FFECFFA3FCD5FD55FB4FFC9F" blockId="34.[821,1433,198,1784]" pageId="34" pageNumber="331">
Basal coenenchyme contains mainly symmetric 8-radiates (46%; 0.058± 
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long, 0.037± 
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wide) and asymmetric 8-radiates (35%; 0.056± 
<quantity id="83009B34FFECFFA3FB6FFD15FAD2FD31" box="[1268,1366,718,742]" metricMagnitude="-6" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.0" pageId="34" pageNumber="331" unit="mm" value="0.005">0.005 mm</quantity>
long, 0.037± 
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width), 7-radiates (13%; 0.056± 
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long, 0.036± 
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width), with a few crosses, 6-radiates and multi-radiates (
<figureCitation id="DCC32A54FFECFFA3FC67FCEBFBC3FC9F" box="[1020,1095,816,840]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="39.[156,187,1859,1881]" captionTargetBox="[188,1398,207,1820]" captionTargetId="figure-6@39.[187,1399,205,1821]" captionTargetPageId="39" captionText="Fig. 55. Hemicorallium muzikae sp. nov.: NSMT-Co 1738. Sclerites: from tentacles, autozooid mounds, branch tips and colony base. Scale bar: 0.05mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5739216" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5739216/files/figure.png" pageId="34" pageNumber="331">Figs 55</figureCitation>
, 
<figureCitation id="DCC32A54FFECFFA3FBCBFCEBFBEEFC9F" box="[1104,1130,816,840]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="40.[156,187,1071,1093]" captionTargetBox="[177,745,206,1031]" captionTargetId="figure-277@40.[176,746,205,1032]" captionTargetPageId="40" captionText="Fig. 56. Hemicorallium muzikae sp. nov., NSMT-Co 1738. Composition of sclerites from each part sampled." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5739218" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5739218/files/figure.png" pageId="34" pageNumber="331">56</figureCitation>
; 
<tableCitation id="097A036AFFECFFA3FBEFFCEBFB3AFC9F" box="[1140,1214,816,840]" captionStart="Table 7" captionStartId="36.[845,893,840,863]" captionText="Table 7. Summary of length and width measurements of common (more than 11%) sclerites for each specimen examined of Hemicorallium kaiyo sp . nov . , H . muzikae sp . nov . and H . tokiyasui sp . nov . Mea- surements are reported the average±standard deviation in µm. Bold numbers indicate most abundant sclerite type. “+” means not common (less than 10 % ) sclerites . “ − ” means not found ." pageId="34" pageNumber="331">Table 7</tableCitation>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="0CE2655AFFECFFA3FCD5FC8AFC08FB9B" pageId="34" pageNumber="331" type="etymology">
<paragraph id="444736D1FFECFFA3FCD5FC8AFC08FB9B" blockId="34.[821,1433,198,1784]" pageId="34" pageNumber="331">
<emphasis id="768CEAC3FFECFFA3FCD5FC8AFC41FCBE" bold="true" box="[846,965,849,873]" pageId="34" pageNumber="331">Etymology.</emphasis>
This species is named in honor of Dr. Katherine Muzik, scientist and octocoral researcher for over 50 years (since 1970). She studied taxonomy, including of the 
<taxonomicName id="83F84D52FFECFFA3FCAEFC69FC23FC1D" box="[821,935,946,970]" class="Anthozoa" family="Coralliidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Alcyonacea" pageId="34" pageNumber="331" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="family">Coralliidae</taxonomicName>
, with Dr. Frederick Bayer, and conducted field research on octocorals worldwide, especially in the Caribbean, 
<collectingCountry id="3CEF7641FFECFFA3FCEEFC28FC1CFBDC" box="[885,920,1011,1035]" name="Fiji" pageId="34" pageNumber="331">Fiji</collectingCountry>
, the Hawaiian Islands, 
<collectingRegion id="863CF833FFECFFA3FB09FC28FB69FBDC" box="[1170,1261,1011,1035]" country="Japan" name="Okinawa" pageId="34" pageNumber="331">Okinawa</collectingRegion>
and 
<collectingCountry id="3CEF7641FFECFFA3FAB3FC2FFAE7FBDC" box="[1320,1379,1012,1035]" name="Japan" pageId="34" pageNumber="331">Japan</collectingCountry>
. Her excellent studies have greatly supported our research on octocorals.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="0CE2655AFFECFFA3FCD5FB8EFB8EF92F" pageId="34" pageNumber="331" type="discussion">
<paragraph id="444736D1FFECFFA3FCD5FB8EFB64FB38" blockId="34.[821,1433,198,1784]" pageId="34" pageNumber="331">
<emphasis id="768CEAC3FFECFFA3FCD5FB8EFC36FBBA" bold="true" box="[846,946,1109,1133]" pageId="34" pageNumber="331">Remarks.</emphasis>
Because specimen NSMT-Co 1738, has nonretracted, cylindrical autozooids (
<figureCitation id="DCC32A54FFECFFA3FB3EFBAEFB72FB5A" box="[1189,1270,1141,1165]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="38.[156,187,700,722]" captionTargetBox="[158,1410,206,660]" captionTargetPageId="38" captionText="Fig. 52. Detail of twig of Hemicorallium muzikae sp. nov., NSMT- Co 1738. Abbreviations: AZ, autozooid; SZ, siphonozooid. Scale bar: 1.0mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5739212" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5739212/files/figure.png" pageId="34" pageNumber="331">Fig. 52</figureCitation>
), slender rodshaped sclerites in the tentacles (
<figureCitation id="DCC32A54FFECFFA3FB1AFB4DFB4EFB79" box="[1153,1226,1174,1198]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="39.[156,187,1859,1881]" captionTargetBox="[188,1398,207,1820]" captionTargetId="figure-6@39.[187,1399,205,1821]" captionTargetPageId="39" captionText="Fig. 55. Hemicorallium muzikae sp. nov.: NSMT-Co 1738. Sclerites: from tentacles, autozooid mounds, branch tips and colony base. Scale bar: 0.05mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5739216" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5739216/files/figure.png" pageId="34" pageNumber="331">Fig. 55</figureCitation>
), and lacks rounded pits on the axis at the position of each autozooid, this specimen is placed in the genus 
<taxonomicName id="83F84D52FFECFFA3FBDEFB0CFB5DFB38" authorityName="Gray" authorityYear="1867" box="[1093,1241,1239,1263]" class="Anthozoa" family="Coralliidae" genus="Hemicorallium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Alcyonacea" pageId="34" pageNumber="331" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="768CEAC3FFECFFA3FBDEFB0CFB5DFB38" box="[1093,1241,1239,1263]" italics="true" pageId="34" pageNumber="331">Hemicorallium</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="444736D1FFECFFA3FCD5FB23FB8EF92F" blockId="34.[821,1433,198,1784]" pageId="34" pageNumber="331">
There are only two species of 
<taxonomicName id="83F84D52FFECFFA3FB15FB23FAA6FAC7" authorityName="Gray" authorityYear="1867" box="[1166,1314,1272,1296]" class="Anthozoa" family="Coralliidae" genus="Hemicorallium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Alcyonacea" pageId="34" pageNumber="331" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="768CEAC3FFECFFA3FB15FB23FAA6FAC7" box="[1166,1314,1272,1296]" italics="true" pageId="34" pageNumber="331">Hemicorallium</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
previously described from the Pacific having small (about 1.0 mm in both height and diameter) contracted autozooids: 
<taxonomicName id="83F84D52FFECFFA3FAE4FAE2FC0FFAA6" class="Anthozoa" family="Coralliidae" genus="Hemicorallium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Alcyonacea" pageId="34" pageNumber="331" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="laauense">
<emphasis id="768CEAC3FFECFFA3FAE4FAE2FC0FFAA6" italics="true" pageId="34" pageNumber="331">H. laauense</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and 
<taxonomicName id="83F84D52FFECFFA3FC24FA81FBD0FAA6" baseAuthorityName="Tu, Dai, and Jeng" baseAuthorityYear="2012" box="[959,1108,1370,1393]" class="Anthozoa" family="Coralliidae" genus="Hemicorallium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Alcyonacea" pageId="34" pageNumber="331" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="taiwanicum">
<emphasis id="768CEAC3FFECFFA3FC24FA81FBD0FAA6" box="[959,1108,1370,1393]" italics="true" pageId="34" pageNumber="331">H. taiwanicum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. The two other new species described in this study, 
<taxonomicName id="83F84D52FFECFFA3FB8EFAA1FBEFFA45" authority="Nonaka &amp; Hayashibara, 2021" authorityName="Nonaka &amp; Hayashibara" authorityYear="2021" box="[1045,1131,1402,1426]" class="Anthozoa" family="Coralliidae" genus="Hemicorallium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Alcyonacea" pageId="34" pageNumber="331" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="kaiyo" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="768CEAC3FFECFFA3FB8EFAA1FBEFFA45" box="[1045,1131,1402,1426]" italics="true" pageId="34" pageNumber="331">H. kaiyo</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="6DBF57B8FFECFFA3FBEFFAA1FB47FA46" box="[1140,1219,1402,1425]" pageId="34" pageNumber="331" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
and 
<taxonomicName id="83F84D52FFECFFA3FB62FAA1FAF7FA45" authority="Nonaka &amp; Hayashibara, 2021" authorityName="Nonaka &amp; Hayashibara" authorityYear="2021" box="[1273,1395,1402,1426]" class="Anthozoa" family="Coralliidae" genus="Hemicorallium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Alcyonacea" pageId="34" pageNumber="331" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="tokiyasui" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="768CEAC3FFECFFA3FB62FAA1FAF7FA45" box="[1273,1395,1402,1426]" italics="true" pageId="34" pageNumber="331">H. tokiyasui</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="6DBF57B8FFECFFA3FAE7FAA1FCE5FA65" pageId="34" pageNumber="331" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
, have similarly sized autozooids, but differ in sclerite composition (both 6-radiates and 8-radiates present) from 
<taxonomicName id="83F84D52FFECFFA3FCAEFA07FC36FA24" authority="Nonaka &amp; Hayashibara, 2021" authorityName="Nonaka &amp; Hayashibara" authorityYear="2021" box="[821,946,1499,1523]" class="Anthozoa" family="Coralliidae" genus="Hemicorallium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Alcyonacea" pageId="34" pageNumber="331" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="muzikae" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="768CEAC3FFECFFA3FCAEFA07FC36FA24" box="[821,946,1499,1523]" italics="true" pageId="34" pageNumber="331">H. muzikae</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="6DBF57B8FFECFFA3FC58FA07FB9DFA24" box="[963,1049,1500,1523]" pageId="34" pageNumber="331" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
(8-radiates dominant). 
<taxonomicName id="83F84D52FFECFFA3FAB3FA00FC67F9C3" baseAuthorityName="Tu, Dai, and Jeng" baseAuthorityYear="2012" class="Anthozoa" family="Coralliidae" genus="Hemicorallium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Alcyonacea" pageId="34" pageNumber="331" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="taiwanicum">
<emphasis id="768CEAC3FFECFFA3FAB3FA00FC67F9C3" italics="true" pageId="34" pageNumber="331">Hemicorallium taiwanicum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
differs in color (dark-pink coenenchyme and orange axis) and contains predominantly double-club sclerites in its coenenchyme (
<bibRefCitation id="20694B20FFECFFA3FBFAF9E6FB76F982" author="Tu, T. H. &amp; Dai, C. F. &amp; Jeng, M. S." box="[1121,1266,1597,1621]" pageId="34" pageNumber="331" pagination="1 - 17" refId="ref24711" refString="Tu, T. H., Dai, C. F. and Jeng, M. S. 2012. Precious corals (Octocorallia: Coralliidae) from the northern West Pacific region with descriptions of two New Species. Zootaxa 3395: 1 - 17." type="journal article" year="2012">Tu et al. 2012</bibRefCitation>
). 
<taxonomicName id="83F84D52FFECFFA3FA98F9E6FC0FF9A2" class="Anthozoa" family="Coralliidae" genus="Hemicorallium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Alcyonacea" pageId="34" pageNumber="331" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="laauense">
<emphasis id="768CEAC3FFECFFA3FA98F9E6FC0FF9A2" italics="true" pageId="34" pageNumber="331">Hemicorallium laauense</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and 
<taxonomicName id="83F84D52FFECFFA3FC24F985FBB0F9A2" authority="Nonaka &amp; Hayashibara, 2021" authorityName="Nonaka &amp; Hayashibara" authorityYear="2021" box="[959,1076,1629,1653]" class="Anthozoa" family="Coralliidae" genus="Hemicorallium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Alcyonacea" pageId="34" pageNumber="331" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="muzikae" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="768CEAC3FFECFFA3FC24F985FBB0F9A2" box="[959,1076,1629,1653]" italics="true" pageId="34" pageNumber="331">H. muzikae</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="6DBF57B8FFECFFA3FBA7F985FB0DF9A2" box="[1084,1161,1630,1653]" pageId="34" pageNumber="331" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
have similar sclerite composition, but differ in color of axis and coenenchyme. Additionally, the rod-shaped sclerites of 
<taxonomicName id="83F84D52FFECFFA3FB2BF944FAA0F961" box="[1200,1316,1694,1718]" class="Anthozoa" family="Coralliidae" genus="Hemicorallium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Alcyonacea" pageId="34" pageNumber="331" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="laauense">
<emphasis id="768CEAC3FFECFFA3FB2BF944FAA0F961" box="[1200,1316,1694,1718]" italics="true" pageId="34" pageNumber="331">H. laauense</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
are reportedly much larger (
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) (
<bibRefCitation id="20694B20FFECFFA3FBF7F964FB65F900" author="Bayer, F. M." box="[1132,1249,1727,1751]" pageId="34" pageNumber="331" pagination="67 - 95" refId="ref23669" refString="Bayer, F. M. 1956. Descriptions and redescriptions of the Hawaiian octocorals collected by the U. S. Fish Commission steamer &quot; Albatross &quot; (2. Gorgonacea: Scleraxonia). Pacific Science 10: 67 - 95." type="journal article" year="1956">Bayer 1956</bibRefCitation>
) than those of 
<taxonomicName id="83F84D52FFECFFA3FAE4F91BFC0DF920" authorityName="Nonaka &amp; Hayashibara" authorityYear="2021" class="Anthozoa" family="Coralliidae" genus="Hemicorallium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Alcyonacea" pageId="34" pageNumber="331" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="muzikae">
<emphasis id="768CEAC3FFECFFA3FAE4F91BFC0DF920" italics="true" pageId="34" pageNumber="331">H. muzikae</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(
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).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>