257 lines
37 KiB
XML
257 lines
37 KiB
XML
<document id="A205A9CEA09446CBD2B0CB87FB59F289" ID-CLB-Dataset="27502" ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.4550.1.1" ID-GBIF-Dataset="291701d4-652e-440e-adab-f6b0201c0972" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="2625030" ID-ZooBank="2F7D1EC4-D4ED-4FAE-B227-CF7B79EAE833" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1554274879827" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Huber, Bernhard A." docDate="2019" docId="CA3B104CFF9AFF94FF3DFED1FCF7E6B1" docLanguage="en" docName="zootaxa.4550.1.1.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 4550 (1)" docStyle="DocumentStyle:647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D.9:Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleId="647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="9" docTitle="Pholcus metta Huber 2019, sp. n." docType="treatment" docVersion="14" lastPageNumber="16" masterDocId="36026834FF95FF9BFFAAFFA1FFB6E16A" masterDocTitle="The pholcid spiders of Sri Lanka (Araneae: Pholcidae)" masterLastPageNumber="57" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="16" updateTime="1698716853299" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:titleInfo id="54E3AA4401EAB0A07F2325C6046D6485">
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<mods:title id="A29D43082C17A02E6E38A9D5E332CFEC">The pholcid spiders of Sri Lanka (Araneae: Pholcidae)</mods:title>
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<mods:name id="6AE5EC149520D1BFA8EF34A21590168B" type="personal">
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<mods:roleTerm id="C786F6558A5320F68B080B40FD00BD0E">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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<mods:namePart id="4B767A375C52E84355804DFE266EA90C">Huber, Bernhard A.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:title id="365444F8AF09550BE7BC417AD26B04DA">Zootaxa</mods:title>
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<mods:part id="09C8DB5F3727D820E539203F03E006FC">
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<mods:date id="EFA69A90B1A15EC7C903BE79C208896C">2019</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="113779F9482D2F96134CBCD30EBE4436">2019-01-23</mods:number>
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<mods:number id="2272E71136FC21DFD83217B732A46ABF">4550</mods:number>
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<mods:identifier id="387E523DBDEBB01AA688844164DB123A" type="DOI">10.11646/zootaxa.4550.1.1</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="CA3B104CFF9AFF94FF3DFED1FCF7E6B1" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4581627" ID-GBIF-Taxon="154534113" ID-Zenodo-Dep="4581627" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:CA3B104CFF9AFF94FF3DFED1FCF7E6B1" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/CA3B104CFF9AFF94FF3DFED1FCF7E6B1" lastPageNumber="16" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">
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<subSubSection id="0A88F2D1FF9AFF94FF3DFED1FE3DE0E0" box="[151,395,368,394]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="422DA15AFF9AFF94FF3DFED1FE3DE0E0" blockId="15.[151,564,368,427]" box="[151,395,368,394]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">
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<heading id="19651636FF9AFF94FF3DFED1FE3DE0E0" bold="true" box="[151,395,368,394]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" reason="1">
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<emphasis id="70E67D48FF9AFF94FF3DFED1FE3DE0E0" bold="true" box="[151,395,368,394]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">
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<taxonomicName id="8592DAD9FF9AFF94FF3DFED1FEF5E0E0" ID-CoL="4GL86" authority="Huber, 2019" authorityName="Huber" authorityYear="2019" box="[151,323,368,394]" class="Arachnida" family="Pholcidae" genus="Pholcus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="metta" status="sp. nov.">
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<emphasis id="70E67D48FF9AFF94FF3DFED1FEF5E0E0" bold="true" box="[151,323,368,394]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">Pholcus metta</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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<taxonomicNameLabel id="6BD5C033FF9AFF94FEE3FED1FE3DE0E0" box="[329,395,368,394]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" rank="species">sp. n.</taxonomicNameLabel>
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</emphasis>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="0A88F2D1FF9AFF94FF3DFE33FD82E0C1" box="[151,564,402,427]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" type="description">
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<paragraph id="422DA15AFF9AFF94FF3DFE33FD82E0C1" blockId="15.[151,564,368,427]" box="[151,564,402,427]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">
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<figureCitation id="DAA9BDDFFF9AFF94FF3DFE33FE8CE0C1" box="[151,314,402,427]" captionStart="FIGURES 53–58" captionStartId="16.[151,264,1798,1821]" captionTargetBox="[179,1407,195,1782]" captionTargetId="figure@16.[162,1425,195,1782]" captionTargetPageId="16" captionText="FIGURES 53–58. Left male palps in prolateral, dorsal, and retrolateral views. 53–55. Pholcus ceylonicus O. Pickard- Cambridge, 1869 (from Kandy, ZFMK Ar 20039). 56–58. P. metta sp. n. (from Dimbulagala, ZFMK Ar 20049). Abbreviations: a, ‘appendix’ (main bulbal process); b, genital bulb; c, coxa; e, embolus; f, femur; p, procursus; ta, tarsus; ti, tibia; tr, trochanter. Scale lines: 0.5 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/2625048/files/figure.png" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">Figures 56–58</figureCitation>
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,
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<figureCitation id="DAA9BDDFFF9AFF94FEECFE33FE39E0C1" box="[326,399,402,427]" captionStart="FIGURES 65–72" captionStartId="19.[151,264,1640,1663]" captionTargetBox="[154,1435,194,1607]" captionTargetId="figure@19.[151,1436,193,1619]" captionTargetPageId="19" captionText="FIGURES 65–72. Left procursi in retrolateral (upper row) and dorsal views. 65–66. Pholcus ceylonicus O. Pickard- Cambridge, 1869 (from Kandy, ZFMK Ar 20039). 67–68. P. metta sp. n. (from Dimbulagala, ZFMK Ar 20049); arrows point at subdistal dorsal process, asterisks mark prolateral processes. 69–70. Pholcus puranappui sp. n. (from Dematagala, ZFMK Ar 20051). 71–72. P. uva sp. n. (from Inginiyagala, ZFMK Ar 20055). At different scales." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/2625052/files/figure.png" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">67–68</figureCitation>
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,
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<figureCitation id="DAA9BDDFFF9AFF94FE30FE33FE54E0C1" box="[410,482,402,427]" captionStart="FIGURES 73–78" captionStartId="20.[151,264,1878,1901]" captionTargetBox="[161,1424,412,1846]" captionTargetId="figure@20.[151,1436,409,1858]" captionTargetPageId="20" captionText="FIGURES 73–78. Left genital bulbs in prolateral, dorsal, and retrolateral views. 73–75. Pholcus ceylonicus O. Pickard- Cambridge, 1869 (from Kandy, ZFMK Ar 20039); asterisks mark small sclerotized process close to proximal bulbal sclerite (Fig. 73) and distinctive conical projection (Fig. 74); arrow points at distinctive retrolateral membrane. 76–78. P. metta sp. n. (from Dimbulagala, ZFMK Ar 20049). Abbreviations: a, ‘appendix’ (main bulbal process); b, genital bulb; e, embolus; pbs, proximal bulbal sclerite. Scales lines: 0.5 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/2625054/files/figure.png" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">76–78</figureCitation>
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,
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<figureCitation id="DAA9BDDFFF9AFF94FE44FE33FDBAE0C1" box="[494,524,402,427]" captionStart="FIGURES 85–88" captionStartId="22.[151,264,1360,1383]" captionTargetBox="[157,1430,193,1339]" captionTargetId="figure@22.[151,1436,193,1339]" captionTargetPageId="22" captionText="FIGURES 85–88. Epigyna in ventral views, all at same scale. 85. Pholcus ceylonicus O. Pickard-Cambridge, 1869 (from Kandy, ZFMK Ar 20039). 86. P. metta sp. n. (from Dimbulagala, ZFMK Ar 20049). 87. Pholcus puranappui sp. n. (from Dematagala, ZFMK Ar 20051). 88. P. uva sp. n. (from Inginiyagala, ZFMK Ar 20055). Abbreviations: ep, epigynal plate; k, ‘knob’ (median epigynal process); pep, pre-epigynal plate. Scale line: 0.5 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/2625058/files/figure.png" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">86</figureCitation>
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,
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<figureCitation id="DAA9BDDFFF9AFF94FDB2FE32FD82E0C1" box="[536,564,403,427]" captionStart="FIGURES 89–92" captionStartId="23.[151,264,1940,1963]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,916,1920]" captionTargetId="figure@23.[151,1436,916,1920]" captionTargetPageId="23" captionText="FIGURES 89–92. Cleared female genitalia, dorsal views, all at same scale. 89. Pholcus ceylonicus O. Pickard-Cambridge, 1869 (from Kandy, ZFMK Ar 20039). 90. P. metta sp. n. (from Dimbulagala, ZFMK Ar 20049). 91. Pholcus puranappui sp. n. (from Dematagala, ZFMK Ar 20051). 92. P. uva sp. n. (from Inginiyagala, ZFMK Ar 20055). Scale line: 0.5 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/2625060/files/figure.png" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">90</figureCitation>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="0A88F2D1FF9AFF94FF3DFE7BFE93E3A1" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" type="diagnosis">
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<paragraph id="422DA15AFF9AFF94FF3DFE7BFE93E3A1" blockId="15.[151,1437,474,2011]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">
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<emphasis id="70E67D48FF9AFF94FF3DFE7BFEBCE099" bold="true" box="[151,266,474,499]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">Diagnosis</emphasis>
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. Males are easily distinguished from other species in
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<taxonomicName id="8592DAD9FF9AFF94FCD3FE7BFC59E099" authorityName="O. Pickard-Cambridge" authorityYear="1869" box="[889,1007,474,499]" class="Arachnida" family="Pholcidae" genus="Pholcus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ceylonicus">
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<emphasis id="70E67D48FF9AFF94FCD3FE7BFC59E099" box="[889,1007,474,499]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">ceylonicus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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group by shape of genital bulb (
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<figureCitation id="DAA9BDDFFF9AFF94FAC0FE7BFF54E37D" captionStart="FIGURES 73–78" captionStartId="20.[151,264,1878,1901]" captionTargetBox="[161,1424,412,1846]" captionTargetId="figure@20.[151,1436,409,1858]" captionTargetPageId="20" captionText="FIGURES 73–78. Left genital bulbs in prolateral, dorsal, and retrolateral views. 73–75. Pholcus ceylonicus O. Pickard- Cambridge, 1869 (from Kandy, ZFMK Ar 20039); asterisks mark small sclerotized process close to proximal bulbal sclerite (Fig. 73) and distinctive conical projection (Fig. 74); arrow points at distinctive retrolateral membrane. 76–78. P. metta sp. n. (from Dimbulagala, ZFMK Ar 20049). Abbreviations: a, ‘appendix’ (main bulbal process); b, genital bulb; e, embolus; pbs, proximal bulbal sclerite. Scales lines: 0.5 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/2625054/files/figure.png" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">Figs 76–78</figureCitation>
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): distinctive main bulbal process (‘appendix’), i.e. large sclerotized process without retrolateral membrane and retrolateral conical projection (in contrast to
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<taxonomicName id="8592DAD9FF9AFF94FD64FD85FCD4E351" authorityName="O. Pickard-Cambridge" authorityYear="1869" box="[718,866,546,571]" class="Arachnida" family="Pholcidae" genus="Pholcus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ceylonicus">
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<emphasis id="70E67D48FF9AFF94FD64FD85FCD4E351" box="[718,866,546,571]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">P. ceylonicus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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), narrower in dorsal view than in
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<taxonomicName id="8592DAD9FF9AFF94FB59FD85FA22E351" authorityName="Huber" authorityYear="2019" box="[1267,1428,548,571]" class="Arachnida" family="Pholcidae" genus="Pholcus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="puranappui">
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<emphasis id="70E67D48FF9AFF94FB59FD85FA22E351" box="[1267,1428,548,571]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">P. puranappui</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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; without prolateral process (in contrast to
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<taxonomicName id="8592DAD9FF9AFF94FDCBFDE6FD17E334" authorityName="Huber" authorityYear="2019" box="[609,673,583,606]" class="Arachnida" family="Pholcidae" genus="Pholcus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="uva">
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<emphasis id="70E67D48FF9AFF94FDCBFDE6FD17E334" box="[609,673,583,606]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">P. uva</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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); distinguished from
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<taxonomicName id="8592DAD9FF9AFF94FC3FFDE6FC60E334" authorityName="Huber" authorityYear="2019" box="[917,982,583,606]" class="Arachnida" family="Pholcidae" genus="Pholcus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="uva">
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<emphasis id="70E67D48FF9AFF94FC3FFDE6FC60E334" box="[917,982,583,606]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">P. uva</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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also by shape of procursus (
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<figureCitation id="DAA9BDDFFF9AFF94FABCFDE7FA2EE335" box="[1302,1432,582,607]" captionStart="FIGURES 65–72" captionStartId="19.[151,264,1640,1663]" captionTargetBox="[154,1435,194,1607]" captionTargetId="figure@19.[151,1436,193,1619]" captionTargetPageId="19" captionText="FIGURES 65–72. Left procursi in retrolateral (upper row) and dorsal views. 65–66. Pholcus ceylonicus O. Pickard- Cambridge, 1869 (from Kandy, ZFMK Ar 20039). 67–68. P. metta sp. n. (from Dimbulagala, ZFMK Ar 20049); arrows point at subdistal dorsal process, asterisks mark prolateral processes. 69–70. Pholcus puranappui sp. n. (from Dematagala, ZFMK Ar 20051). 71–72. P. uva sp. n. (from Inginiyagala, ZFMK Ar 20055). At different scales." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/2625052/files/figure.png" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">Figs 67–68</figureCitation>
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; narrower and with subdistal dorsal process). Females are distinguished from
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<taxonomicName id="8592DAD9FF9AFF94FBB9FDCDFB11E3E9" authorityName="O. Pickard-Cambridge" authorityYear="1869" box="[1043,1191,618,643]" class="Arachnida" family="Pholcidae" genus="Pholcus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ceylonicus">
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<emphasis id="70E67D48FF9AFF94FBB9FDCDFB11E3E9" box="[1043,1191,618,643]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">P. ceylonicus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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and
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<taxonomicName id="8592DAD9FF9AFF94FB4EFDCDFA9EE3E9" authorityName="Huber" authorityYear="2019" box="[1252,1320,620,643]" class="Arachnida" family="Pholcidae" genus="Pholcus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="uva">
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<emphasis id="70E67D48FF9AFF94FB4EFDCDFA9EE3E9" box="[1252,1320,620,643]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">P. uva</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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by larger posterior excavation of pre-epigynal plate (
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<figureCitation id="DAA9BDDFFF9AFF94FDD5FD2FFD65E3CD" box="[639,723,654,679]" captionStart="FIGURES 85–88" captionStartId="22.[151,264,1360,1383]" captionTargetBox="[157,1430,193,1339]" captionTargetId="figure@22.[151,1436,193,1339]" captionTargetPageId="22" captionText="FIGURES 85–88. Epigyna in ventral views, all at same scale. 85. Pholcus ceylonicus O. Pickard-Cambridge, 1869 (from Kandy, ZFMK Ar 20039). 86. P. metta sp. n. (from Dimbulagala, ZFMK Ar 20049). 87. Pholcus puranappui sp. n. (from Dematagala, ZFMK Ar 20051). 88. P. uva sp. n. (from Inginiyagala, ZFMK Ar 20055). Abbreviations: ep, epigynal plate; k, ‘knob’ (median epigynal process); pep, pre-epigynal plate. Scale line: 0.5 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/2625058/files/figure.png" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">Fig. 86</figureCitation>
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); from
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<taxonomicName id="8592DAD9FF9AFF94FC8DFD2EFC70E3CC" authorityName="Huber" authorityYear="2019" box="[807,966,655,678]" class="Arachnida" family="Pholcidae" genus="Pholcus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="puranappui">
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<emphasis id="70E67D48FF9AFF94FC8DFD2EFC70E3CC" box="[807,966,655,678]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">P. puranappui</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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by narrower pre-epigynal plate (compare
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<figureCitation id="DAA9BDDFFF9AFF94FF3DFD13FEAFE3A1" box="[151,281,690,715]" captionStart="FIGURES 85–88" captionStartId="22.[151,264,1360,1383]" captionTargetBox="[157,1430,193,1339]" captionTargetId="figure@22.[151,1436,193,1339]" captionTargetPageId="22" captionText="FIGURES 85–88. Epigyna in ventral views, all at same scale. 85. Pholcus ceylonicus O. Pickard-Cambridge, 1869 (from Kandy, ZFMK Ar 20039). 86. P. metta sp. n. (from Dimbulagala, ZFMK Ar 20049). 87. Pholcus puranappui sp. n. (from Dematagala, ZFMK Ar 20051). 88. P. uva sp. n. (from Inginiyagala, ZFMK Ar 20055). Abbreviations: ep, epigynal plate; k, ‘knob’ (median epigynal process); pep, pre-epigynal plate. Scale line: 0.5 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/2625058/files/figure.png" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">Figs 86–87</figureCitation>
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).
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="0A88F2D1FF9AFF94FF6DFD77FCC5E279" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" type="etymology">
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<paragraph id="422DA15AFF9AFF94FF6DFD77FCC5E279" blockId="15.[151,1437,474,2011]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">
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<emphasis id="70E67D48FF9AFF94FF6DFD77FEF0E385" bold="true" box="[199,326,726,751]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">Etymology</emphasis>
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. The species name is derived from the Pāli word
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<taxonomicName id="8592DAD9FF9AFF94FC0CFD76FC52E384" authorityName="Huber" authorityYear="2019" box="[934,996,727,750]" class="Arachnida" family="Pholcidae" genus="Pholcus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="metta">
|
||
<emphasis id="70E67D48FF9AFF94FC0CFD76FC52E384" box="[934,996,727,750]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">mettā</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, one of the four Buddhist virtues or brahmavihāras (active good will towards all); noun in apposition.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="0A88F2D1FF9AFF94FF6DFCBFFDB6E2C9" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" type="materials_examined">
|
||
<paragraph id="422DA15AFF9AFF94FF6DFCBFFD74E231" blockId="15.[151,1437,474,2011]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">
|
||
<emphasis id="70E67D48FF9AFF94FF6DFCBFFEDBE25D" bold="true" box="[199,365,798,823]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">Type material</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<materialsCitation id="F2FAAB07FF9AFF94FED0FCBEFD08E231" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="2234226254" collectingDate="2017-03-11" collectionCode="ZFMK" collectorName="B. A. Huber" country="Sri Lanka" elevation="140" latitude="7.86" location="Dimbulagala" longLatPrecision="77" longitude="81.118" municipality="Ar" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-male="1" stateProvince="North Central" typeStatus="holotype">
|
||
<collectingCountry id="3A85E1CAFF9AFF94FED0FCBEFDA4E25D" box="[378,530,799,823]" name="Sri Lanka" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">SRI LANKA</collectingCountry>
|
||
:
|
||
<specimenCount id="54946AD3FF9AFF94FDB6FCBEFD87E25C" box="[540,561,799,822]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" type="male">♂</specimenCount>
|
||
<typeStatus id="9D291FF8FF9AFF94FD9DFCBFFD2AE25D" box="[567,668,798,823]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectionCode id="2483399FFF9AFF94FD0DFCBEFD43E25C" box="[679,757,799,822]" country="Germany" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34613" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34613" name="Zoologisches Forschungsmuseum Alexander Koenig" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" type="Museum">ZFMK</collectionCode>
|
||
(
|
||
<collectingMunicipality id="A2493B20FF9AFF94FCA9FCBEFC94E25D" box="[771,802,799,823]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">Ar</collectingMunicipality>
|
||
20048),
|
||
<collectingRegion id="80566FB8FF9AFF94FC2FFCBFFB3AE25D" box="[901,1164,798,823]" country="Sri Lanka" name="North Central" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">North Central Province</collectingRegion>
|
||
,
|
||
<location id="474DF781FF9AFF94FB3CFCBFFA91E25D" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:CA3B104CFF9AFF94FF3DFED1FCF7E6B1:474DF781FF9AFF94FB3CFCBFFA91E25D" box="[1174,1319,798,823]" country="Sri Lanka" latitude="7.86" longLatPrecision="77" longitude="81.118" municipality="Ar" name="Dimbulagala" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" stateProvince="North Central">Dimbulagala</location>
|
||
(
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="27A6C79DFF9AFF94FA9FFCBFFA21E25D" box="[1333,1431,798,823]" direction="north" orientation="latitude" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" precision="55" value="7.86">7.860°N</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="27A6C79DFF9AFF94FF3DFCE2FEB5E231" box="[151,259,835,859]" direction="east" orientation="longitude" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" precision="55" value="81.118">81.118°E</geoCoordinate>
|
||
),
|
||
<elevation id="C9BF4669FF9AFF94FEBCFCE2FE2CE231" box="[278,410,834,859]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.4" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" unit="m" value="140.0">
|
||
<quantity id="856A0CBFFF9AFF94FEBCFCE2FEEBE230" box="[278,349,835,859]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.4" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" unit="m" value="140.0">140 m</quantity>
|
||
a.s.l.
|
||
</elevation>
|
||
,
|
||
<date id="362C879AFF9AFF94FE0CFCE3FDA8E231" box="[422,542,834,859]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" value="2017-03-11">
|
||
<collectingDate id="26687E72FF9AFF94FE0CFCE3FDA8E231" box="[422,542,834,859]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" value="2017-03-11">11.iii.2017</collectingDate>
|
||
</date>
|
||
(
|
||
<collectorName id="EF67C48CFF9AFF94FD85FCE2FD00E231" box="[559,694,834,859]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">B.A. Huber</collectorName>
|
||
)
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="422DA15AFF9AFF94FF6DFCC7FDB6E2C9" blockId="15.[151,1437,474,2011]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">
|
||
<emphasis id="70E67D48FF9AFF94FF6DFCC7FE4DE215" bold="true" box="[199,507,870,895]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">Other material examined</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<materialsCitation id="F2FAAB07FF9AFF94FDA6FCC6FB9FE215" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="2234226343" box="[524,1065,870,895]" collectionCode="ZFMK" country="Sri Lanka" location="SRI LANKA" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" specimenCount="7" specimenCount-female="5" specimenCount-male="2">
|
||
<collectingCountry id="3A85E1CAFF9AFF94FDA6FCC6FD1FE215" box="[524,681,871,895]" name="Sri Lanka" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">SRI LANKA</collectingCountry>
|
||
:
|
||
<specimenCount id="54946AD3FF9AFF94FD1CFCC6FD6FE215" box="[694,729,871,895]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" type="male">2♂</specimenCount>
|
||
<specimenCount id="54946AD3FF9AFF94FD49FCC7FCBEE215" box="[739,776,870,895]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" type="female">5♀</specimenCount>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectionCode id="2483399FFF9AFF94FCB2FCC6FCD0E214" box="[792,870,871,894]" country="Germany" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34613" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34613" name="Zoologisches Forschungsmuseum Alexander Koenig" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" type="Museum">ZFMK</collectionCode>
|
||
(Ar 20049), and
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
<materialsCitation id="F2FAAB07FF9AFF94FB9EFCC6FE4BE2C9" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="2234226365" collectingDate="2017-03-11" collectionCode="ZFMK" collectorName="B. A. Huber" country="Sri Lanka" elevation="140" latitude="7.86" location="Dimbulagala" longLatPrecision="77" longitude="81.118" municipality="Ar" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" specimenCode="SL126" specimenCount="2" specimenCount-female="1" specimenCount-male="1" stateProvince="North Central">
|
||
<specimenCount id="54946AD3FF9AFF94FB9EFCC6FBE1E215" box="[1076,1111,871,895]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" type="male">1♂</specimenCount>
|
||
<specimenCount id="54946AD3FF9AFF94FBCBFCC6FB32E215" box="[1121,1156,871,895]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" type="female">1♀</specimenCount>
|
||
in pure ethanol,
|
||
<collectionCode id="2483399FFF9AFF94FAE4FCC6FA2AE214" box="[1358,1436,871,894]" country="Germany" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34613" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34613" name="Zoologisches Forschungsmuseum Alexander Koenig" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" type="Museum">ZFMK</collectionCode>
|
||
(
|
||
<specimenCode id="12340921FF9AFF94FF35FC2BFF59E2C9" box="[159,239,906,931]" collectionCode="ZFMK" country="Germany" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34613" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34613" name="Zoologisches Forschungsmuseum Alexander Koenig" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" type="Museum">SL126</specimenCode>
|
||
), same data as holotype
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="0A88F2D1FF9AFF94FF6DFC0FFE45E6DC" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" type="description">
|
||
<paragraph id="422DA15AFF9AFF94FF6DFC0FFC43E559" blockId="15.[151,1437,474,2011]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">
|
||
<emphasis id="70E67D48FF9AFF94FF6DFC0FFE29E2AD" bold="true" box="[199,415,942,967]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">Description. Male</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<typeStatus id="9D291FF8FF9AFF94FE1AFC0FFDAEE2AD" box="[432,536,942,967]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
). MEASUREMENTS. Total body length 7.3, carapace width 1.8. Distance PME- PME 240 µm, diameter PME 170 µm, distance PME-ALE 60 µm, distance AME-AME 40 µm, diameter AME 85 µm. Sternum width/length: 1.23/0.97. Leg 1: 55.7 (13.3 + 0.8 + 13.5 + 24.8 + 3.3), tibia 2: 9.5, tibia 3: 6.9, tibia 4: 8.8; tibia 1 L/d: 71. Femora 1–4 width (at half length): 0.24, 0.24, 0.23, 0.22.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="422DA15AFF9AFF94FF6DFB9EFC66E58D" blockId="15.[151,1437,474,2011]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">COLOR (in ethanol). Carapace ochre-yellow with large dark brown posterior mark, ocular area also brown, clypeus not darkened; sternum ochre-yellow with star-shaped light brown median mark; legs ochre to light brown, with indistinct darker rings subdistally on femora and tibiae, tips of femora and tibiae whitish; abdomen ochregray, with series of cuticular dorsal marks, brown area in front of gonopore and pair of smaller dark marks lateral of gonopore, indistinct wide median band between gonopore and spinnerets.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="422DA15AFF9AFF94FF6DFB52FC31E445" blockId="15.[151,1437,474,2011]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">
|
||
BODY. Habitus as in close relatives (cf.
|
||
<figureCitation id="DAA9BDDFFF9AFF94FD24FB53FC8AE461" box="[654,828,1266,1291]" captionStart="FIGURES 47–52" captionStartId="14.[151,264,1696,1719]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,481,1675]" captionTargetId="figure@14.[151,1436,481,1675]" captionTargetPageId="14" captionText="FIGURES 47–52. Pholcus, live specimens and habitat photo. 47–50. P. ceylonicus O. Pickard-Cambridge, 1869, male from Mitirigala, rock cleft at Ethagala Mountain, containing ~1000 large specimens of P. ceylonicus; female with egg-sac from Kitulgala, and male from Gowindahela. 51. P. puranappui sp. n., male from Dematagala. 52. P. uva sp. n., male from Inginiyagala." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/2625046/files/figure.png" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">Figs 47, 50–52</figureCitation>
|
||
); ocular area slightly raised, each triad on low hump; carapace without median furrow; clypeus and sternum unmodified.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="422DA15AFF9AFF94FF6DFA9AFBFDE41D" blockId="15.[151,1437,474,2011]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">
|
||
CHELICERAE. As in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="8592DAD9FF9AFF94FE03FA9DFD8DE439" authorityName="O. Pickard-Cambridge" authorityYear="1869" box="[425,571,1338,1363]" class="Arachnida" family="Pholcidae" genus="Pholcus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ceylonicus">
|
||
<emphasis id="70E67D48FF9AFF94FE03FA9DFD8DE439" box="[425,571,1338,1363]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">P. ceylonicus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(cf.
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="2603DCABFF9AFF94FDDAFA9BFC3AE439" author="Huber, B. A. & Benjamin, S." box="[624,908,1338,1363]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" pagination="3305 - 3319" refId="ref27050" refString="Huber, B. A. & Benjamin, S. (2005) The pholcid spiders from Sri Lanka: redescription of Pholcus ceylonicus and description of Wanniyala new genus (Araneae: Pholcidae). Journal of Natural History, 39 (37), 3305 - 3319." type="journal article" year="2005">Huber & Benjamin 2005</bibRefCitation>
|
||
: fig. 2d), with pair of distal apophyses close to laminae, each with two modified hairs, and pair of small proximal lateral apophyses.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="422DA15AFF9AFF94FF6DFA22FD53E725" blockId="15.[151,1437,474,2011]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">
|
||
PALPS. As in
|
||
<figureCitation id="DAA9BDDFFF9AFF94FEC8FA23FE52E4F1" box="[354,484,1410,1435]" captionStart="FIGURES 53–58" captionStartId="16.[151,264,1798,1821]" captionTargetBox="[179,1407,195,1782]" captionTargetId="figure@16.[162,1425,195,1782]" captionTargetPageId="16" captionText="FIGURES 53–58. Left male palps in prolateral, dorsal, and retrolateral views. 53–55. Pholcus ceylonicus O. Pickard- Cambridge, 1869 (from Kandy, ZFMK Ar 20039). 56–58. P. metta sp. n. (from Dimbulagala, ZFMK Ar 20049). Abbreviations: a, ‘appendix’ (main bulbal process); b, genital bulb; c, coxa; e, embolus; f, femur; p, procursus; ta, tarsus; ti, tibia; tr, trochanter. Scale lines: 0.5 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/2625048/files/figure.png" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">Figs 56–58</figureCitation>
|
||
; coxa unmodified; trochanter with strong retrolateral apophysis with large modified hair at its tip and rounded subdistal process prolaterally; femur large, with distinct dorsal process and two small ventral processes; procursus simple compared to most congeners (
|
||
<figureCitation id="DAA9BDDFFF9AFF94FCD2FA6BFC4CE489" box="[888,1018,1482,1507]" captionStart="FIGURES 65–72" captionStartId="19.[151,264,1640,1663]" captionTargetBox="[154,1435,194,1607]" captionTargetId="figure@19.[151,1436,193,1619]" captionTargetPageId="19" captionText="FIGURES 65–72. Left procursi in retrolateral (upper row) and dorsal views. 65–66. Pholcus ceylonicus O. Pickard- Cambridge, 1869 (from Kandy, ZFMK Ar 20039). 67–68. P. metta sp. n. (from Dimbulagala, ZFMK Ar 20049); arrows point at subdistal dorsal process, asterisks mark prolateral processes. 69–70. Pholcus puranappui sp. n. (from Dematagala, ZFMK Ar 20051). 71–72. P. uva sp. n. (from Inginiyagala, ZFMK Ar 20055). At different scales." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/2625052/files/figure.png" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">Figs 67–68</figureCitation>
|
||
), with dorsal and prolateral processes distally; genital bulb as in
|
||
<figureCitation id="DAA9BDDFFF9AFF94FE6DFA4FFDFEE76D" box="[455,584,1518,1543]" captionStart="FIGURES 73–78" captionStartId="20.[151,264,1878,1901]" captionTargetBox="[161,1424,412,1846]" captionTargetId="figure@20.[151,1436,409,1858]" captionTargetPageId="20" captionText="FIGURES 73–78. Left genital bulbs in prolateral, dorsal, and retrolateral views. 73–75. Pholcus ceylonicus O. Pickard- Cambridge, 1869 (from Kandy, ZFMK Ar 20039); asterisks mark small sclerotized process close to proximal bulbal sclerite (Fig. 73) and distinctive conical projection (Fig. 74); arrow points at distinctive retrolateral membrane. 76–78. P. metta sp. n. (from Dimbulagala, ZFMK Ar 20049). Abbreviations: a, ‘appendix’ (main bulbal process); b, genital bulb; e, embolus; pbs, proximal bulbal sclerite. Scales lines: 0.5 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/2625054/files/figure.png" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">Figs 76–78</figureCitation>
|
||
, partly whitish, partly sclerotized and brown, with three processes: conical membranous process (putative embolus), small sclerotized process close to proximal bulbal sclerite, and large mostly sclerotized main bulbal process (‘appendix’).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="422DA15AFF9AFF94FF6DF9FAFAD5E7FD" blockId="15.[151,1437,474,2011]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">LEGS. Without spines and curved hairs, few vertical hairs; retrolateral trichobothrium on tibia 1 at 5.5%; prolateral trichobothrium absent on tibia 1; tarsus 1 with many pseudosegments but only distally ~10 distinct.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="422DA15AFF9AFF94FF6DF903FE1EE7B5" blockId="15.[151,1437,474,2011]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">
|
||
<emphasis id="70E67D48FF9AFF94FF6DF903FEB2E7D1" bold="true" box="[199,260,1698,1723]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">Male</emphasis>
|
||
(variation). Tibia
|
||
<quantity id="856A0CBFFF9AFF94FE78F902FE4BE7D1" box="[466,509,1698,1723]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.54" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" unit="in" value="1.0">1 in</quantity>
|
||
2 other males: 14.5, 14.7. Carapace and sternum marks as in
|
||
<typeStatus id="9D291FF8FF9AFF94FB1FF903FAACE7D1" box="[1205,1306,1698,1723]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
, abdominal pattern variably distinct.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="422DA15AFF9AFF94FF6DF94BFC81E605" blockId="15.[151,1437,474,2011]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">
|
||
<emphasis id="70E67D48FF9AFF94FF6DF94BFEA8E669" bold="true" box="[199,286,1770,1795]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">Female</emphasis>
|
||
. In general similar to male; tibia
|
||
<quantity id="856A0CBFFF9AFF94FD37F94AFD7FE669" box="[669,713,1770,1795]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.54" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" unit="in" value="1.0">1 in</quantity>
|
||
<specimenCount id="54946AD3FF9AFF94FD7BF94AFCF5E669" box="[721,835,1770,1795]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" type="female">4 females</specimenCount>
|
||
: 11.1, 12.0, 12.3, 13.9. Epigynum as in
|
||
<figureCitation id="DAA9BDDFFF9AFF94FAA0F94BFAEBE669" box="[1290,1373,1770,1795]" captionStart="FIGURES 85–88" captionStartId="22.[151,264,1360,1383]" captionTargetBox="[157,1430,193,1339]" captionTargetId="figure@22.[151,1436,193,1339]" captionTargetPageId="22" captionText="FIGURES 85–88. Epigyna in ventral views, all at same scale. 85. Pholcus ceylonicus O. Pickard-Cambridge, 1869 (from Kandy, ZFMK Ar 20039). 86. P. metta sp. n. (from Dimbulagala, ZFMK Ar 20049). 87. Pholcus puranappui sp. n. (from Dematagala, ZFMK Ar 20051). 88. P. uva sp. n. (from Inginiyagala, ZFMK Ar 20055). Abbreviations: ep, epigynal plate; k, ‘knob’ (median epigynal process); pep, pre-epigynal plate. Scale line: 0.5 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/2625058/files/figure.png" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">Fig. 86</figureCitation>
|
||
, with large sclerotized area (pre-epigynal plate) in front of small epigynal plate; the latter in circular excavation of preepigynal plate and provided with finger-shaped median process (‘knob’); width of circular excavation: 0.17–0.18. Internal genitalia as in
|
||
<figureCitation id="DAA9BDDFFF9AFF94FE3DF8F7FE5CE605" box="[407,490,1878,1903]" captionStart="FIGURES 89–92" captionStartId="23.[151,264,1940,1963]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,916,1920]" captionTargetId="figure@23.[151,1436,916,1920]" captionTargetPageId="23" captionText="FIGURES 89–92. Cleared female genitalia, dorsal views, all at same scale. 89. Pholcus ceylonicus O. Pickard-Cambridge, 1869 (from Kandy, ZFMK Ar 20039). 90. P. metta sp. n. (from Dimbulagala, ZFMK Ar 20049). 91. Pholcus puranappui sp. n. (from Dematagala, ZFMK Ar 20051). 92. P. uva sp. n. (from Inginiyagala, ZFMK Ar 20055). Scale line: 0.5 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/2625060/files/figure.png" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">Fig. 90</figureCitation>
|
||
, with pair of oval pore plates.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="422DA15AFF9AFF94FF6DF8DBFE45E6DC" blockId="15.[151,1437,474,2011]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">
|
||
<emphasis id="70E67D48FF9AFF94FF6DF8DBFEC8E6F9" bold="true" box="[199,382,1914,1939]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">Natural history</emphasis>
|
||
. This species was very abundant among large rocks at the
|
||
<typeStatus id="9D291FF8FF9AFF94FBB8F8DAFBF4E6F9" box="[1042,1090,1915,1939]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">type</typeStatus>
|
||
locality. Webs and behavior at disturbance as in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="8592DAD9FF9AFF94FEF0F83EFE5DE6DD" authorityName="O. Pickard-Cambridge" authorityYear="1869" box="[346,491,1950,1975]" class="Arachnida" family="Pholcidae" genus="Pholcus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ceylonicus">
|
||
<emphasis id="70E67D48FF9AFF94FEF0F83EFE5DE6DD" box="[346,491,1950,1975]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">P. ceylonicus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="0A88F2D1FF9AFF94FF6DF863FCF7E6B1" box="[199,833,1986,2011]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" type="distribution">
|
||
<paragraph id="422DA15AFF9AFF94FF6DF863FCF7E6B1" blockId="15.[151,1437,474,2011]" box="[199,833,1986,2011]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">
|
||
<emphasis id="70E67D48FF9AFF94FF6DF863FEEFE6B1" bold="true" box="[199,345,1986,2011]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">Distribution</emphasis>
|
||
. Known from
|
||
<typeStatus id="9D291FF8FF9AFF94FE54F862FD98E6B1" box="[510,558,1987,2011]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">type</typeStatus>
|
||
locality only (
|
||
<figureCitation id="DAA9BDDFFF9AFF94FD7BF863FC83E6B1" box="[721,821,1986,2011]" captionStart="FIGURES 222–223" captionStartId="51.[151,264,1715,1738]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,991,1694]" captionTargetId="figure@51.[151,1436,991,1694]" captionTargetPageId="51" captionText="FIGURES 222–223. Known distributions of Leptopholcus (222) and of the Pholcus ceylonicus species group (223) in Sri Lanka." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/2625100/files/figure.png" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">Fig. 223</figureCitation>
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).
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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</treatment>
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</document> |