160 lines
17 KiB
XML
160 lines
17 KiB
XML
<document id="0DD262B9B036FACD9FA665CC0E8DF9CF" ID-DOI="10.1080/00222933.2014.886343" ID-ISSN="1464-5262" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5193830" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="existingObjects,plazi" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1628812328907" checkinUser="felipe" docAuthor="Liseki, Steven D. & Vane-Wright, Richard I." docDate="2014" docId="CA1E1B19365F2253FE61FC0785CBFED6" docLanguage="en" docName="JNatHist.48.25-26.1543-1583.pdf" docOrigin="Journal of Natural History 48 (25 - 26)" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00222933.2014.886343" docStyle="DocumentStyle:CD936EBDDF5274E0936345450CC2DAE4.5:JNatHist.2013-2015.journal_article.1cover" docStyleId="CD936EBDDF5274E0936345450CC2DAE4" docStyleName="JNatHist.2013-2015.journal_article.1cover" docStyleVersion="5" docTitle="Mylothris rueppellii subsp. tirikensis" docType="treatment" docVersion="4" lastPageNumber="1575" masterDocId="36276361367E2271FFDDFFDA846BFF96" masterDocTitle="Butterflies (Lepidoptera: Papilionoidea) of Mount Kilimanjaro: family Pieridae, subfamily Pierinae" masterLastPageNumber="1583" masterPageNumber="1543" pageNumber="1575" updateTime="1699052811630" updateUser="plazi" zenodo-license-document="CLOSED">
|
||
<mods:mods id="36DD7547AD875C77B079C8D63EF41BFA" xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
|
||
<mods:titleInfo id="02222940181579C5EEAB535BF5CF006B">
|
||
<mods:title id="6D403DD4BAB563C4C9F84F9EE693E365">Butterflies (Lepidoptera: Papilionoidea) of Mount Kilimanjaro: family Pieridae, subfamily Pierinae</mods:title>
|
||
</mods:titleInfo>
|
||
<mods:name id="F065D2D938EE7AC8C6C281AE84D87885" type="personal">
|
||
<mods:role id="5530DA781E13B9997ED84DCEB7DE317D">
|
||
<mods:roleTerm id="7A618A62A6095C1A56CA82141ED437BF">Author</mods:roleTerm>
|
||
</mods:role>
|
||
<mods:namePart id="80CBFF4CE059FB5EEEBF2447CC63B4A6">Liseki, Steven D.</mods:namePart>
|
||
<mods:affiliation id="CCEB3D3512DFA26CE4C8549C1A888E9A">Tanzania Wildlife Research Institute, Arusha, Tanzania; & School of Anthropology and Conservation, Durrell Institute of Conservation and Ecology, University of Kent, Canterbury, UK;</mods:affiliation>
|
||
</mods:name>
|
||
<mods:name id="A7A4C53CD2B3B74891D208429CE65DD9" type="personal">
|
||
<mods:role id="4FE59000C325B41AA5A718CD050D3FDB">
|
||
<mods:roleTerm id="FE4759D44BE4947BE9A1E7ED017D5C82">Author</mods:roleTerm>
|
||
</mods:role>
|
||
<mods:namePart id="B2F7D445E0B28B48FD03A115BD4F6489">Vane-Wright, Richard I.</mods:namePart>
|
||
<mods:affiliation id="A5627EB4A6320D759112F4EAABC10CE1">School of Anthropology and Conservation, Durrell Institute of Conservation and Ecology, University of Kent, Canterbury, UK; & Life Sciences, Natural History Museum, London, UK; & Geographical and Life Sciences, Canterbury Christ Church University, Canterbury, UK</mods:affiliation>
|
||
</mods:name>
|
||
<mods:typeOfResource id="D47C9E0358B97ED3866B04A4B82C8EF3">text</mods:typeOfResource>
|
||
<mods:relatedItem id="85AC09A45B2DD5BA503415BDC80A81F0" type="host">
|
||
<mods:titleInfo id="779C4A79BD5A5AFF2D11909DBA19F5B3">
|
||
<mods:title id="2D80D652DA4843C31912BF11B2C893CB">Journal of Natural History</mods:title>
|
||
</mods:titleInfo>
|
||
<mods:part id="FE9F0913E88142E6D6F5B9BC9369AFBE">
|
||
<mods:date id="8523DAAB774558361272F5EAEEEE9B9E">2014</mods:date>
|
||
<mods:detail id="9E77377C5D2113B0687BEF50AC1A4A72" type="pubDate">
|
||
<mods:number id="6ECC4EDF0D743B5A158A7BB8CA6E461A">2014-04-28</mods:number>
|
||
</mods:detail>
|
||
<mods:detail id="C07721D2A3BD4290258070A26C4242AA" type="volume">
|
||
<mods:number id="A7511A0A34CE49D843A8654D5DCA2566">48</mods:number>
|
||
</mods:detail>
|
||
<mods:detail id="874177FA1F456E82B4D985C0CE0529D4" type="issue">
|
||
<mods:number id="7C96F47925D609B998D39DB9D3BDEB99">25 - 26</mods:number>
|
||
</mods:detail>
|
||
<mods:extent id="ABEA0921174C1EC84B4EBCA8A62C800C" unit="page">
|
||
<mods:start id="2EA3F09BA95AA0AAA059160A25F076BB">1543</mods:start>
|
||
<mods:end id="284F965BF48E6738C3010BDB70458C42">1583</mods:end>
|
||
</mods:extent>
|
||
</mods:part>
|
||
</mods:relatedItem>
|
||
<mods:location id="10795B95B106A487B057A2EBBBCD1743">
|
||
<mods:url id="63A3CD64ECC86B44A453FB4EAB58BB53">http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00222933.2014.886343</mods:url>
|
||
</mods:location>
|
||
<mods:classification id="BD94267275C35F27512FC930985EBA20">journal article</mods:classification>
|
||
<mods:identifier id="D625BC8C9AEAF8C6653034CA14394F3B" type="DOI">10.1080/00222933.2014.886343</mods:identifier>
|
||
<mods:identifier id="F925490338F4DE69B5F9FA3F0442DF3F" type="ISSN">1464-5262</mods:identifier>
|
||
<mods:identifier id="591D50C0409BB39763DE1CA04A62673A" type="Zenodo-Dep">5193830</mods:identifier>
|
||
</mods:mods>
|
||
<treatment id="CA1E1B19365F2253FE61FC0785CBFED6" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5195927" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5195927" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:CA1E1B19365F2253FE61FC0785CBFED6" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/CA1E1B19365F2253FE61FC0785CBFED6" lastPageId="34" lastPageNumber="1575" pageId="33" pageNumber="1575">
|
||
<subSubSection id="0AADF984365F2250FE61FC078027FBA3" pageId="33" pageNumber="1575" type="nomenclature">
|
||
<paragraph id="4208AA0F365F2250FE61FC0787C0FC63" blockId="33.[444,939,989,1013]" box="[444,939,989,1013]" pageId="33" pageNumber="1575">
|
||
<heading id="19401D63365F2250FE61FC0787C0FC63" box="[444,939,989,1013]" centered="true" fontSize="10" level="2" pageId="33" pageNumber="1575" reason="2">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="85B7D18C365F2250FE61FC0787C0FC63" authority="(Neave, 1904)" baseAuthorityName="Neave" baseAuthorityYear="1904" box="[444,939,989,1013]" class="Insecta" family="Pieridae" genus="Mylothris" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="33" pageNumber="1575" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subSpecies" species="rueppellii" subSpecies="tirikensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="70C3761D365F2250FE61FC07876FFC63" bold="true" box="[444,772,989,1013]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="1575">Mylothris rueppellii tirikensis</emphasis>
|
||
(Neave, 1904)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
</heading>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="4208AA0F365F2250FF09FBC78027FBA3" blockId="33.[212,1100,1053,1077]" box="[212,1100,1053,1077]" pageId="33" pageNumber="1575">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="2626D7FE365F2250FF09FBC78534FBA3" author="Larsen TB" box="[212,351,1053,1077]" pageId="33" pageNumber="1575" refId="ref25550" refString="Larsen TB. 1996. The butterflies of Kenya and their natural history. 2 nd edn. Oxford (UK): Oxford University Press." type="book" year="1996">Larsen 1996</bibRefCitation>
|
||
: pl. 11, figs 110 i,ii.
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="2626D7FE365F2250FD91FBC78743FBA3" author="D' Abrera B" box="[588,808,1053,1077]" pageId="33" pageNumber="1575" refId="ref25233" refString="D' Abrera B. 1997. Butterflies of the Afrotropical Region (2 nd edn). Part I. Papilionidae, Pieridae, Acraeidae, Danaidae & Satyridae. Melbourne: Hill House." type="book" year="1997">d’ Abrera 1997: 117</bibRefCitation>
|
||
(4 figs). SI: Figure 36e–j.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="0AADF984365F2253FF09FB8785CBFED6" lastPageId="34" lastPageNumber="1576" pageId="33" pageNumber="1575" type="description">
|
||
<paragraph id="4208AA0F365F2250FF09FB87877BFB03" blockId="33.[212,1172,1117,1173]" pageId="33" pageNumber="1575">
|
||
Forewing length: male
|
||
<quantity id="854F07EA365F2250FE3BFB87860BFBE3" box="[486,608,1117,1141]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.65" metricValueMax="2.9" metricValueMin="2.4" pageId="33" pageNumber="1575" unit="mm" value="26.5" valueMax="29.0" valueMin="24.0">24–29 mm</quantity>
|
||
(mean (
|
||
<emphasis id="70C3761D365F2250FD18FB8786B9FBE3" box="[709,722,1117,1141]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="1575">n</emphasis>
|
||
= 5)
|
||
<quantity id="854F07EA365F2250FCC0FB8787FFFBE3" box="[797,916,1117,1141]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.726" pageId="33" pageNumber="1575" unit="mm" value="27.26">27.26 mm</quantity>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingRegion id="807364ED365F2250FC79FB8787A3FBE3" box="[932,968,1117,1141]" country="Serbia" name="Sid" pageId="33" pageNumber="1575">SD</collectingRegion>
|
||
= 1.641); female
|
||
<quantity id="854F07EA365F2250FF09FBA78520FB03" box="[212,331,1149,1173]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.75" metricValueMax="3.0" metricValueMin="2.5" pageId="33" pageNumber="1575" unit="mm" value="27.5" valueMax="30.0" valueMin="25.0">25–30 mm</quantity>
|
||
(mean (
|
||
<emphasis id="70C3761D365F2250FE76FBA785D3FB03" box="[427,440,1149,1173]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="1575">n</emphasis>
|
||
= 6)
|
||
<quantity id="854F07EA365F2250FE27FBA78605FB03" box="[506,622,1149,1173]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.787" pageId="33" pageNumber="1575" unit="mm" value="27.87">27.87 mm</quantity>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingRegion id="807364ED365F2250FDA6FBA786F4FB03" box="[635,671,1149,1173]" country="Serbia" name="Sid" pageId="33" pageNumber="1575">SD</collectingRegion>
|
||
= 1.776).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="4208AA0F365F2250FF09FB1F87FCF98A" blockId="33.[212,1172,1221,1691]" pageId="33" pageNumber="1575">
|
||
<emphasis id="70C3761D365F2250FF09FB1F855EFB4B" box="[212,309,1221,1245]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="1575">Records.</emphasis>
|
||
Pare Mts and Northern Highlands including Loliondo, in heavy woodland, forest margins and open forest, at c.
|
||
<quantity id="854F07EA365F2250FD58FB3F877DFB6B" box="[645,790,1253,1277]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.3" metricValueMax="2.0" metricValueMin="0.6" pageId="33" pageNumber="1575" unit="m" value="1300.0" valueMax="2000.0" valueMin="600.0">600–2000 m</quantity>
|
||
elevation (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="2626D7FE365F2250FC41FB3F802BFB6B" author="Kielland J" box="[924,1088,1253,1277]" pageId="33" pageNumber="1575" refId="ref25501" refString="Kielland J. 1990. Butterflies of Tanzania. Melbourne: Hill House." type="book" year="1990">Kielland 1990</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, p.68). Kielland did not cite specific records for the Northern Highlands, but material in the BMNH (from
|
||
<quantity id="854F07EA365F2250FEA4FAFE8662FAAA" box="[377,521,1316,1340]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.3716" metricValueMax="1.524" metricValueMin="1.2192" pageId="33" pageNumber="1575" unit="ft" value="4500.0" valueMax="5000.0" valueMin="4000.0">4000–5000 ft</quantity>
|
||
collected by B. Cooper, and from Old Moshi collected by Selous) confirms its presence. This species has been reported as apparently migrating in large numbers near Moshi, in
|
||
<date id="36098CCF365F2250FD81FABE86BBFAEA" box="[604,720,1380,1404]" pageId="33" pageNumber="1575" value="1928-06">June 1928</date>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="2626D7FE365F2250FD3EFABE87E2FAEA" author="Williams CB" box="[739,905,1380,1404]" pageId="33" pageNumber="1575" pagination="139 - 170" refId="ref26471" refString="Williams CB. 1930. Collected records relating to insect migration: second series. Trans R Entomol Soc Lond. 78: 139 - 170." type="journal article" year="1930">Williams 1930</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, p.158).
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="2626D7FE365F2250FC29FABE80E7FAEA" author="Rogers K & St A" box="[1012,1164,1380,1404]" pageId="33" pageNumber="1575" pagination="489 - 557" refId="ref26047" refString="Rogers K, St A. 1908. Some bionomic notes on British East African butterflies (with further notes and descriptions by E. B. Poulton and R. Trimen). Trans Entomol Soc Lond. 1908: 489 - 557. 4 pls." type="book chapter" year="1908">Rogers (1908</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, p.537) noted
|
||
<specimenCount id="54B16186365F2250FEACFA5E8584FA0A" box="[369,495,1412,1436]" pageId="33" pageNumber="1575" type="female">one female</specimenCount>
|
||
(as “
|
||
<taxonomicName id="85B7D18C365F2250FDE9FA5E86DBFA0A" authorityName="Mylothris & Site" baseAuthorityName="Cramer" baseAuthorityYear="1777" box="[564,688,1412,1436]" class="Insecta" family="Pieridae" genus="Mylothris" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="33" pageNumber="1575" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="poppea">
|
||
<emphasis id="70C3761D365F2250FDE9FA5E86DBFA0A" box="[564,688,1412,1436]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="1575">M. poppea</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
”) from
|
||
<collectingRegion id="807364ED365F2250FCC9FA5E87F5FA0A" box="[788,926,1412,1436]" country="Tanzania" name="Kilimanjaro" pageId="33" pageNumber="1575">Kilimanjaro</collectingRegion>
|
||
collected in
|
||
<date id="36098CCF365F2250FBE4FA5E8567FA2A" pageId="33" pageNumber="1575" value="1906-01">January 1906</date>
|
||
; Aurivillius (1910a, p.11) recorded this butterfly in the Kibongoto area, up to
|
||
<quantity id="854F07EA365F2250FF09FA1E8540FA4A" box="[212,299,1476,1500]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.8" pageId="33" pageNumber="1575" unit="m" value="1800.0">1800 m</quantity>
|
||
, during May, September and October. There are several specimens from the slopes of
|
||
<collectingRegion id="807364ED365F2250FE9AFA3E85BAFA6A" box="[327,465,1508,1532]" country="Tanzania" name="Kilimanjaro" pageId="33" pageNumber="1575">Kilimanjaro</collectingRegion>
|
||
and from
|
||
<collectingRegion id="807364ED365F2250FD85FA3E86CDFA6A" box="[600,678,1508,1532]" country="Kenya" name="Taita/Taveta" pageId="33" pageNumber="1575">Taveta</collectingRegion>
|
||
in OUMNH.
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="2626D7FE365F2250FC85FA3E8784FA6A" author="Liseki SD" box="[856,1007,1508,1532]" pageId="33" pageNumber="1575" refId="ref25599" refString="Liseki SD. 2009. Butterfly diversity and its relevance to conservation in north-eastern Tanzania [PhD thesis). Canterbury (UK): University of Kent." type="book" year="2009">Liseki (2009)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
observed this species on
|
||
<collectingRegion id="807364ED365F2250FE92F9DE85B2F98A" box="[335,473,1540,1564]" country="Tanzania" name="Kilimanjaro" pageId="33" pageNumber="1575">Kilimanjaro</collectingRegion>
|
||
from March to November, at
|
||
<quantity id="854F07EA365F2250FCE6F9DE87F9F98A" box="[827,914,1540,1564]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.0" pageId="33" pageNumber="1575" unit="m" value="2000.0">2000 m</quantity>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="4208AA0F365F2253FF23F9F985CBFED6" blockId="33.[212,1172,1221,1691]" lastBlockId="34.[144,1104,168,320]" lastPageId="34" lastPageNumber="1576" pageId="33" pageNumber="1575">
|
||
There is variation in the amount and extent of yellow and orange flushing to the fore and hindwing bases – and this can lead to uncertainties over identification (see under
|
||
<taxonomicName id="85B7D18C365F2250FEC0F9B985CDF9ED" authorityName="Kielland" authorityYear="1985" box="[285,422,1635,1659]" class="Insecta" family="Pieridae" genus="Mylothris" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="33" pageNumber="1575" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="superbus">
|
||
<emphasis id="70C3761D365F2250FEC0F9B985CDF9ED" box="[285,422,1635,1659]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="1575">M. superbus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, below). Females are male-like or yellowish, probably dimorphic. Beyond
|
||
<collectingCountry id="3AA0EA9F365F2250FEE9F95985F6F90D" box="[308,413,1667,1691]" name="Tanzania" pageId="33" pageNumber="1575">Tanzania</collectingCountry>
|
||
subspecies
|
||
<emphasis id="70C3761D365F2250FDF8F95986E3F90D" box="[549,648,1667,1691]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="1575">tirikensis</emphasis>
|
||
occurs in
|
||
<collectingCountry id="3AA0EA9F365F2250FCD8F9598734F90D" box="[773,863,1667,1691]" name="Uganda" pageId="33" pageNumber="1575">Uganda</collectingCountry>
|
||
and the
|
||
<collectingCountry id="3AA0EA9F365F2250FC16F959807EF90D" box="[971,1045,1667,1691]" name="Kenya" pageId="33" pageNumber="1575">Kenya</collectingCountry>
|
||
highlands. The species occurs throughout much of eastern Africa, in a series of races from
|
||
<collectingCountry id="3AA0EA9F365C2253FF4DFF12849AFF76" box="[144,241,200,224]" name="Ethiopia" pageId="34" pageNumber="1576">Ethiopia</collectingCountry>
|
||
to
|
||
<collectingCountry id="3AA0EA9F365C2253FEF8FF1285ABFF76" box="[293,448,200,224]" name="South Africa" pageId="34" pageNumber="1576">South Africa</collectingCountry>
|
||
, extending to the west as far as southeastern
|
||
<collectingCountry id="3AA0EA9F365C2253FC21FF128024FF76" box="[1020,1103,200,224]" name="Angola" pageId="34" pageNumber="1576">Angola</collectingCountry>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="2626D7FE365C2253FF4AFF32850DFE96" author="Ackery PR & Smith CR & Vane-Wright RI" box="[151,358,232,256]" pageId="34" pageNumber="1576" refId="ref24360" refString="Ackery PR, Smith CR, Vane-Wright RI, editors. 1995. Carcasson' s African butterflies: an annotated catalogue of the Papilionoidea and Hesperioidea of the Afrotropical Region. East Melbourne (Australia): CSIRO." type="book" year="1995">Ackery et al. 1995</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, p.223). Like
|
||
<taxonomicName id="85B7D18C365C2253FDDBFF3286F0FE96" authorityName="Kielland" authorityYear="1990" box="[518,667,232,256]" class="Insecta" family="Pieridae" genus="Mylothris" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="34" pageNumber="1576" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="kilimensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="70C3761D365C2253FDDBFF3286F0FE96" box="[518,667,232,256]" italics="true" pageId="34" pageNumber="1576">M. kilimensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, on Kilimanjaro
|
||
<taxonomicName id="85B7D18C365C2253FCBCFF32879AFE96" baseAuthorityName="Koch" baseAuthorityYear="1865" box="[865,1009,232,256]" class="Insecta" family="Pieridae" genus="Mylothris" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="34" pageNumber="1576" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="rueppellii">
|
||
<emphasis id="70C3761D365C2253FCBCFF32879AFE96" box="[865,1009,232,256]" italics="true" pageId="34" pageNumber="1576">M. rueppellii</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
appears primarily to be a denizen of the lower slopes, just entering the margin of the forest zone at around
|
||
<quantity id="854F07EA365C2253FE98FEF285F7FED6" box="[325,412,296,320]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.0" pageId="34" pageNumber="1576" unit="m" value="2000.0">2000 m</quantity>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |