treatments-xml/data/C9/E6/9E/C9E69E676E306646789EC5BAED8016C1.xml
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<mods:url id="718FE3249CA7B68A86C68E1B88C1CE79">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.240.101716</mods:url>
</mods:location>
<mods:classification id="D0C09C9B7799138C0BF4BFB0C7E6847D">journal article</mods:classification>
<mods:identifier id="1204D06BC27EC95661E46FB408B5C8B8" type="DOI">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.240.101716</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="520DA5A422ECA56DE1C520A3AA0A6D14" type="Pensoft-Pub">1314-2003-240-1</mods:identifier>
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<subSection id="3245F36FAABF541CF517890DAF089AFD" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="37. inga clade">
<treatment id="C9E69E676E306646789EC5BAED8016C1" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:C9E69E676E306646789EC5BAED8016C1" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/C9E69E676E306646789EC5BAED8016C1" lastPageNumber="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<subSubSection id="3FE2320B77994066108FB19C099BEEBD" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="2B85BE8C3AD058582E3B663F8B9AC340" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<taxonomicName id="C9EF8A04EB1221A56BCE90A5FB031AC9" ID-CoL="9CL35" authority="Mill., Gard. Dict. Abr. 2. 1754." authorityName="Mill., Gard. Dict. Abr. 2. 1754." class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fabaceae" genus="Inga" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Inga" order="Fabales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">Inga Mill., Gard. Dict. Abr. 2. 1754.</taxonomicName>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="BE8F4FFCBE30CBD9C68DDC3C05B318B2" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="description">
<paragraph id="BE20C4B9A491E28D47C7A93E1F7F6DD7" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<figureCitation id="053B89C0B62F701148BE112105806D17" captionStart="Figure 266" captionStartId="F273" captionText="Figure 266. Fruit diversity in Inga clade A young pod of Blanchetiodendron blanchetii (Benth.) Barneby &amp; J. W. Grimes B, C Leucochloron incuriale (Vell.) Barneby &amp; J. W. Grimes B dehisced follicular fruits exposing the seeds (C) D lomentiform fruit of Osodendron altissimum (Hook. f.) E. J. M. Koenen E indehiscent and internally septate pod of Osodendron leptophyllum (Harms) E. J. M. Koenen F auriculiform indehiscent pod of Robrichia schomburgkii (Benth.) A. R. M. Luz &amp; E. R. Souza G young fruit of Abarema cochliacarpos (Gomes) Barneby &amp; J. W. Grimes H dehisced twisted pod of Abarema diamantina E. Guerra, Iganci &amp; M. P. Morim exposing the reddish endocarp and bicoloured seeds I dehisced follicle of Macrosamanea amplissima (Ducke) Barneby &amp; J. W. Grimes J Young fruits of Zygia brenesii (Standl.) L. Rico K dehisced pods of Zygia cognata (Schltdl.) Britton &amp; Rose L-O Indehiscent pods of Inga, with fleshy and sweety sarcotesta around the seeds L Inga grazielae (Vinha) T. D. Penn. M Inga capitata Desv. N Inga ingoides (Rich.) Willd. O Inga edulis Mart. Photo credits A, H LP Queiroz B NA Escobar C J Vieira D D Harris E P Latham, www. africanplants. senckenberg. de F LCampbell G, M, N RT Queiroz http: // rubens-plantasdobrasil. blogspot. com / I J Iganci J F Chinchila Romero K S de Jesus Calva L, O D Cardoso." figureDoi="10.3897/phytokeys.240.101716.figure266" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1014641" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Figs 266</figureCitation>
<figureCitation id="0ADE9D9361911E495074C5735A202551" captionStart="Figure 268" captionStartId="F275" captionText="Figure 268. Habitat and habit diversity in Inga clade A Abarema cochliacarpos (Gomes) Barneby &amp; J. W. Grimes, arborescent shrub in sandy coastal scrub B Robrichia schomburgkii (Benth.) A. R. M. Luz &amp; E. R. Souza, buttressed emergent tree in rainforests C Leucochloron incuriale (Vell.) Barneby &amp; J. W. Grimes, tree with thick corky bark in semi-deciduous forests D Inga bifoliolata D. B. O. S. Cardoso &amp; Amorim, scandent treelet of rainforest understory E Zygia juruana (Harms) L. Rico treelet of the Amazonian inundated forests (igapo) F Osodendron dinklagei (Harms) E. J. M. Koenen, giant tree from the Guinean forests in West tropical Africa. Photo credits A RT Queiroz https: // rubens-plantasdobrasil. blogspot. com / B G Perez Huertas C F Ventura D, E D Cardoso F W Hawthorne." figureDoi="10.3897/phytokeys.240.101716.figure268" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1014643" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">, 268</figureCitation>
<figureCitation id="29459C1164B8B5AA7A0A22A9ABD0B7B2" captionStart="Figure 274" captionStartId="F281" captionText="Figure 274. Leaf and inflorescence diversity in Zygia and Inga (Inga clade) A Zygia juruana (Harms) L. Rico, dense cauliflorous capitate inflorescences B Zygia selloi (Benth.) L. Rico with elongate cauliflorous spikes C part of a leaf of Inga ingoiodes (Rich.) Willd. showing the winged leaf rachis and extrafloral nectaries between leaflet insertions D dense pyramidal spike of Inga grazielae (Vinha) T. D. Penn. E elongate cylindrical spikes of Inga marginata Willd. F pedunculate capitate inflorescence of Inga cordistipula Mart. G terminal panicle of Inga vera Kunth. Photo credits A, D, F D Cardoso B M Magenta C, E, G RT Queiroz https: // rubens-plantasdobrasil. blogspot. com /." figureDoi="10.3897/phytokeys.240.101716.figure274" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1014649" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">, 274</figureCitation>
<figureCitation id="B4DD59A100A0004B922D8EA4D032A942" captionStart="Figure 276" captionStartId="F283" captionText="Figure 276. Distribution of Inga based on quality-controlled digitised herbarium records. See Suppl. material 1 for the source of occurrence data." figureDoi="10.3897/phytokeys.240.101716.figure276" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1014651" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">, 276</figureCitation>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="00E26271BD22AFA196DA6851618623C1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="reference_group">
<paragraph id="36BE5B433CAB3F60443D40BD0052785E" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<taxonomicName id="2FB69FEB35AC3F64E5284DAA854A2901" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fabaceae" genus="Affonsea" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Affonsea" order="Fabales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">Affonsea</taxonomicName>
A. St.-Hil., Voyage Distr. Diamans
<normalizedToken id="8BB2F0EE9F3A1859E86306D978645384" originalValue="Brés">Bres</normalizedToken>
, 1: 385. 1833. Type:
<taxonomicName id="E01D51CEF30FD5AA01EA95ECBCDCFFB3" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fabaceae" genus="Affonsea" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Affonsea juglandifolia" order="Fabales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="juglandifolia">Affonsea juglandifolia</taxonomicName>
A. St.-Hil. [≡
<taxonomicName id="4BF62EB1E58B567C06A3D72BF6147D9F" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fabaceae" genus="Inga" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Inga globularis" order="Fabales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="globularis">Inga globularis</taxonomicName>
T.D. Penn.]
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="D5A03883CE8CF89D48F2EE92FFC558D5" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<taxonomicName id="14CC5FFF364CADBDFD7C6CB936D5C23C" authorityName="C.A.von Cothenius" authorityYear="1790" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fabaceae" genus="Feuilleea" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Feuilleea" order="Fabales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">Feuilleea</taxonomicName>
Kuntze, Revis. Gen. Pl. 1: 182. 1891. Type:
<taxonomicName id="75B26A6FA3D47B73C636522664EC0C32" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fabaceae" genus="Feuilleea" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Feuilleea inga" order="Fabales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="inga">Feuilleea inga</taxonomicName>
(L.) Kuntze [≡
<taxonomicName id="D9D5D146374386D87EFAEB110145F60B" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fabaceae" genus="Mimosa" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Mimosa inga" order="Fabales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="inga">Mimosa inga</taxonomicName>
L. (≡
<taxonomicName id="FD2A5AD87ECBEF32E416ECF0B32829DB" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fabaceae" genus="Inga" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Inga vera" order="Fabales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="vera">Inga vera</taxonomicName>
Willd.)]
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="0DD1C418F5D73629FBF9DB053DF4FD16" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="2DF1463FDFD4E068FE2CCAB658650FA0" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<typeStatus id="93B1580C604465182B24DC012BE7FAE6">Type</typeStatus>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="69A0C97CF981C3550982A22ADA48AF83" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<taxonomicName id="EDDA29AB2366786B37EDB726236CDD44" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Leguminosae" genus="Inga" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Inga vera" order="Fabales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="vera">
<emphasis id="DF6BE4B44F951CA8EEC16F5BCE3F0839" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Inga vera</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
Willd. [≡
<taxonomicName id="2E158062B86AC473894FA8763A82C2B9" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Leguminosae" genus="Mimosa" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Mimosa inga" order="Fabales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="inga">
<emphasis id="19B0CBD2F5E61E4977730D566721AF9C" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Mimosa inga</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
L.]
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="EE451E3F48DBB936034D3F776E332370" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="description">
<paragraph id="A2D7AC27EDB0CFB5303EFE7FBE7F1E45" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Description.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="2038BA875607E68E9F5497F0DC5D5C74" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
Unarmed trees or treelets to ca. 40 m high, with a smooth cylindrical bole (Fig.
<figureCitation id="075BFD6F128AA2287DC4983CDB75248C" captionStart="Figure 268" captionStartId="F275" captionText="Figure 268. Habitat and habit diversity in Inga clade A Abarema cochliacarpos (Gomes) Barneby &amp; J. W. Grimes, arborescent shrub in sandy coastal scrub B Robrichia schomburgkii (Benth.) A. R. M. Luz &amp; E. R. Souza, buttressed emergent tree in rainforests C Leucochloron incuriale (Vell.) Barneby &amp; J. W. Grimes, tree with thick corky bark in semi-deciduous forests D Inga bifoliolata D. B. O. S. Cardoso &amp; Amorim, scandent treelet of rainforest understory E Zygia juruana (Harms) L. Rico treelet of the Amazonian inundated forests (igapo) F Osodendron dinklagei (Harms) E. J. M. Koenen, giant tree from the Guinean forests in West tropical Africa. Photo credits A RT Queiroz https: // rubens-plantasdobrasil. blogspot. com / B G Perez Huertas C F Ventura D, E D Cardoso F W Hawthorne." figureDoi="10.3897/phytokeys.240.101716.figure268" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1014643" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">268D</figureCitation>
), bark usually smooth, numerous lenticels arranged in horizontal or vertical rows.
<emphasis id="74898FD80549A8A2F8A13EF3778D5504" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Stipules</emphasis>
present, up to 8.5 cm diam.
<emphasis id="F0D7E89FCF8A3F3ED430CB545214DA22" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Leaves</emphasis>
paripinnate (Fig.
<figureCitation id="4BBC93A7DC65945977CE456FA7288D74" captionStart="Figure 274" captionStartId="F281" captionText="Figure 274. Leaf and inflorescence diversity in Zygia and Inga (Inga clade) A Zygia juruana (Harms) L. Rico, dense cauliflorous capitate inflorescences B Zygia selloi (Benth.) L. Rico with elongate cauliflorous spikes C part of a leaf of Inga ingoiodes (Rich.) Willd. showing the winged leaf rachis and extrafloral nectaries between leaflet insertions D dense pyramidal spike of Inga grazielae (Vinha) T. D. Penn. E elongate cylindrical spikes of Inga marginata Willd. F pedunculate capitate inflorescence of Inga cordistipula Mart. G terminal panicle of Inga vera Kunth. Photo credits A, D, F D Cardoso B M Magenta C, E, G RT Queiroz https: // rubens-plantasdobrasil. blogspot. com /." figureDoi="10.3897/phytokeys.240.101716.figure274" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1014649" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">274C</figureCitation>
), rarely bifoliolate; petiole and leaf rhachis cylindrical, narrowly margined or winged; foliar glands nearly always present between each pair of leaflets, occasionally present on the leaflet midrib, rarely absent; leaflets 1-11 pairs, often strongly asymmetrical at the base and with eucamptodromus or brochidodromus venation, secondary veins oblique, perpendicular or reticulate.
<emphasis id="AF729D7793F0502A01AAF64AC7804A4F" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Inflorescences</emphasis>
umbellate, capitate, racemose or spicate, usually axillary, rarely ramiflorus or
<taxonomicName id="2E1449FC3FF25AB554EBCFDC35D05AC6" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Leguminosae" genus="Inga" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Inga cauliflorus" order="Fabales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="cauliflorus">Inga cauliflorus</taxonomicName>
(Fig.
<figureCitation id="053A581465C5FE0EEEB6407D5596FF3C" captionStart="Figure 274" captionStartId="F281" captionText="Figure 274. Leaf and inflorescence diversity in Zygia and Inga (Inga clade) A Zygia juruana (Harms) L. Rico, dense cauliflorous capitate inflorescences B Zygia selloi (Benth.) L. Rico with elongate cauliflorous spikes C part of a leaf of Inga ingoiodes (Rich.) Willd. showing the winged leaf rachis and extrafloral nectaries between leaflet insertions D dense pyramidal spike of Inga grazielae (Vinha) T. D. Penn. E elongate cylindrical spikes of Inga marginata Willd. F pedunculate capitate inflorescence of Inga cordistipula Mart. G terminal panicle of Inga vera Kunth. Photo credits A, D, F D Cardoso B M Magenta C, E, G RT Queiroz https: // rubens-plantasdobrasil. blogspot. com /." figureDoi="10.3897/phytokeys.240.101716.figure274" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1014649" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">274D-G</figureCitation>
); floral bracts often conspicuous and persistent, occasionally partly fused to form an involucre.
<emphasis id="D3E4026C2FB32741E29DA4246E002015" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Flowers</emphasis>
5-merous and regular; calyx gamosepalous, the tube cup-shaped, funnel-shaped or tubular, nearly always exceeding the lobes, open in bud and then (4) 5 (6)-lobed, or closed in bud and then splitting irregularly, the apex rostrate and then opening by a single lateral slit; corolla gamopetalous, greenish, yellowish-white or bright yellow, rarely pink or red, tubular or rarely funnel-shaped, tube exceeding the lobes; stamens ca. 20-350, united in the lower half into a tube, tube shorter than, equaling or exceeding the corolla, free portion of filaments long-exserted; pollen in 16, 20, 24, 28, 30 or 32-celled polyads; intrastaminal disc small, cup-shaped; gynoecium 1-9-carpellate, ovules 10-32 per ovary.
<emphasis id="FEDB82D29FB1CA04130378CBCD96562E" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Fruits</emphasis>
indehiscent, woody, leathery or fleshy, usually flat or convex, less frequently quadrangular or cylindrical, straight, curved or spirally twisted or coiled (Fig.
<figureCitation id="3F22FE2546E6691A42BDF861895F2354" captionStart="Figure 266" captionStartId="F273" captionText="Figure 266. Fruit diversity in Inga clade A young pod of Blanchetiodendron blanchetii (Benth.) Barneby &amp; J. W. Grimes B, C Leucochloron incuriale (Vell.) Barneby &amp; J. W. Grimes B dehisced follicular fruits exposing the seeds (C) D lomentiform fruit of Osodendron altissimum (Hook. f.) E. J. M. Koenen E indehiscent and internally septate pod of Osodendron leptophyllum (Harms) E. J. M. Koenen F auriculiform indehiscent pod of Robrichia schomburgkii (Benth.) A. R. M. Luz &amp; E. R. Souza G young fruit of Abarema cochliacarpos (Gomes) Barneby &amp; J. W. Grimes H dehisced twisted pod of Abarema diamantina E. Guerra, Iganci &amp; M. P. Morim exposing the reddish endocarp and bicoloured seeds I dehisced follicle of Macrosamanea amplissima (Ducke) Barneby &amp; J. W. Grimes J Young fruits of Zygia brenesii (Standl.) L. Rico K dehisced pods of Zygia cognata (Schltdl.) Britton &amp; Rose L-O Indehiscent pods of Inga, with fleshy and sweety sarcotesta around the seeds L Inga grazielae (Vinha) T. D. Penn. M Inga capitata Desv. N Inga ingoides (Rich.) Willd. O Inga edulis Mart. Photo credits A, H LP Queiroz B NA Escobar C J Vieira D D Harris E P Latham, www. africanplants. senckenberg. de F LCampbell G, M, N RT Queiroz http: // rubens-plantasdobrasil. blogspot. com / I J Iganci J F Chinchila Romero K S de Jesus Calva L, O D Cardoso." figureDoi="10.3897/phytokeys.240.101716.figure266" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1014641" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">266L-O</figureCitation>
), faces usually much broader than the margins, or margins sometimes raised or winged, when cylindrical then margin highly developed and partially or completely covering the faces.
<emphasis id="C0C13590A3EB4C93A75C7803785C2233" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Seeds</emphasis>
fleshy, thin-walled, the testa developing a thick white sugary sarcotesta (Fig.
<figureCitation id="00852B2D9CCAC7741BE267A1E05B6613" captionStart="Figure 266" captionStartId="F273" captionText="Figure 266. Fruit diversity in Inga clade A young pod of Blanchetiodendron blanchetii (Benth.) Barneby &amp; J. W. Grimes B, C Leucochloron incuriale (Vell.) Barneby &amp; J. W. Grimes B dehisced follicular fruits exposing the seeds (C) D lomentiform fruit of Osodendron altissimum (Hook. f.) E. J. M. Koenen E indehiscent and internally septate pod of Osodendron leptophyllum (Harms) E. J. M. Koenen F auriculiform indehiscent pod of Robrichia schomburgkii (Benth.) A. R. M. Luz &amp; E. R. Souza G young fruit of Abarema cochliacarpos (Gomes) Barneby &amp; J. W. Grimes H dehisced twisted pod of Abarema diamantina E. Guerra, Iganci &amp; M. P. Morim exposing the reddish endocarp and bicoloured seeds I dehisced follicle of Macrosamanea amplissima (Ducke) Barneby &amp; J. W. Grimes J Young fruits of Zygia brenesii (Standl.) L. Rico K dehisced pods of Zygia cognata (Schltdl.) Britton &amp; Rose L-O Indehiscent pods of Inga, with fleshy and sweety sarcotesta around the seeds L Inga grazielae (Vinha) T. D. Penn. M Inga capitata Desv. N Inga ingoides (Rich.) Willd. O Inga edulis Mart. Photo credits A, H LP Queiroz B NA Escobar C J Vieira D D Harris E P Latham, www. africanplants. senckenberg. de F LCampbell G, M, N RT Queiroz http: // rubens-plantasdobrasil. blogspot. com / I J Iganci J F Chinchila Romero K S de Jesus Calva L, O D Cardoso." figureDoi="10.3897/phytokeys.240.101716.figure266" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1014641" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">266M, N</figureCitation>
); pleurogram absent.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="71F684C5077F4BDCDAEFB17AA9F6DE81" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="chromosome number">
<paragraph id="F3E7A3C5068EFE96837E80BE7EC24CEC" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Chromosome number.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="BD4C6BC87451E740C26F5CD8BE204A9B" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
2
<emphasis id="373BBB6A75068E853A6FF50DA6399578" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">n</emphasis>
= 26, and in some tetraploid species 2
<emphasis id="2C51AD268CD7D8152B0CEE9268085A90" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">n</emphasis>
= 52 (
<bibRefCitation id="D0D3D080444D2A50E6F285431E8D7D55" author="Pennington, TD" journalOrPublisher="Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew, United Kingdom" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" refId="B654" refString="Pennington, TD, 1997. The Genus Inga: Botany. Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew, United Kingdom" title="The Genus Inga: Botany." year="1997">Pennington 1997</bibRefCitation>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="6A3DADD47AF081D760A7D582CA73EAF7" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="distribution">
<paragraph id="C82C11570508E36DF44B340684DFE161" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Included species and geographic distribution.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="53C9CC5116C4BAE81C2B0E9D1528B1B2" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
ca. 300 species, restricted to tropical America. The species are distributed in Mexico, southern Central America, western South America, Venezuela and the Guianas, the coastal states of Brazil and the West Indies. The highest species diversity is concentrated in the Andean foothills of Peru, Ecuador, Colombia and in southern Central America, occupying a wide variety of habitats from sea level to 3000 m (
<bibRefCitation id="361ED5954C301A13ED246F14F6A0EE40" author="Pennington, TD" journalOrPublisher="Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew, United Kingdom" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" refId="B654" refString="Pennington, TD, 1997. The Genus Inga: Botany. Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew, United Kingdom" title="The Genus Inga: Botany." year="1997">Pennington 1997</bibRefCitation>
) (Fig.
<figureCitation id="F903F4A1D2C476C60F2E5FDAA4C12477" captionStart="Figure 276" captionStartId="F283" captionText="Figure 276. Distribution of Inga based on quality-controlled digitised herbarium records. See Suppl. material 1 for the source of occurrence data." figureDoi="10.3897/phytokeys.240.101716.figure276" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1014651" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">276</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<caption id="F6167231D9B1BAD4C1B24B32E1BB4E15" doi="10.3897/phytokeys.240.101716.figure276" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1014651" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" start="Figure 276" startId="F283">
<paragraph id="118B6D10567A7B9665982016B5603B26" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<emphasis id="BD7E84FA8C4B97D2C9FED61CA07567E0" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Figure 276.</emphasis>
Distribution of
<taxonomicName id="9DC0847F3347D68AA75C78B0A1729729" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Leguminosae" genus="Inga" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Inga" order="Fabales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="C7FF409D0BC58699B7290ACA5BECCB88" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Inga</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
based on quality-controlled digitised herbarium records. See Suppl. material 1 for the source of occurrence data.
</paragraph>
</caption>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="36D981C3DA71D5DD4296359768755E3B" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="ecology">
<paragraph id="8A6ED44FADE2386D1A4279107EE81D69" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Ecology.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="9E94B03D4DDB7AAB934E9A32154802A9" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
The genus is largely confined to wet forests, having a strong relationship with the germination process of the seeds, as they need shade and high humidity for immediate germination (
<bibRefCitation id="3EF09D36C6F16FF98DB7A640D38F4CE0" author="Pennington, TD" journalOrPublisher="Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew, United Kingdom" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" refId="B654" refString="Pennington, TD, 1997. The Genus Inga: Botany. Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew, United Kingdom" title="The Genus Inga: Botany." year="1997">Pennington 1997</bibRefCitation>
). Some species occur in semi-arid areas, but then are mostly confined to gallery forests along temporary or permanent watercourses.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="41E769841EF23C11F7760988AA561F7D" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="etymology">
<paragraph id="AD596801C0FD5B605C316CFFEA50A6BA" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Etymology.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="455A31710E5772DE349DFFEA66710A95" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
Derived from
<normalizedToken id="D47D9FEF421E8637CE178B62DB5D062C" originalValue="“ingá”">&quot;inga&quot;</normalizedToken>
, the Brazilian name of several species of mimosoid legumes, especially of the genus
<taxonomicName id="04DE56B1E450B60D9BE7D5466273934B" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Leguminosae" genus="Inga" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Inga" order="Fabales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="BE04FC142A427A0D574B4C90A0B0FC6F" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Inga</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. Originated from the Tupi word
<normalizedToken id="9786D69ECF39C029C7A7F0A1ADD11B7F" originalValue="in-gá">in-ga</normalizedToken>
, which probably means &quot;soaked, stewed&quot;, due to the consistency of the pulp that surrounds the seeds (
<bibRefCitation id="781910B484CD8D4565BFEF160FACF35C" author="Ferreira, ABH" journalOrPublisher="INTA Serie Tecnica" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" refId="B280" refString="Ferreira, ABH, 1986. Novo Dicionario da Lingua Portuguesa. Segunda edicao. Rio de Janeiro: Nova Fronteira, 1840 pp." title="Novo Dicionario da Lingua Portuguesa. Segunda edicao. Rio de Janeiro: Nova Fronteira, 1840 pp." year="1986">Ferreira 1986</bibRefCitation>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="4CD10E5EF285AFD1E881689FC237DAAF" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="human uses">
<paragraph id="80223C034BFD025F9A3A92F874280B14" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Human uses.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="721CC2112C3A88D889FC92A3B5C8DD89" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
The genus has many uses. The fruits are edible, and the fleshy sarcotesta surrounding the seed can be eaten fresh or in recipes (Fig.
<figureCitation id="63B715F6007BDAEA1B32CAE641C641C0" captionStart="Figure 266" captionStartId="F273" captionText="Figure 266. Fruit diversity in Inga clade A young pod of Blanchetiodendron blanchetii (Benth.) Barneby &amp; J. W. Grimes B, C Leucochloron incuriale (Vell.) Barneby &amp; J. W. Grimes B dehisced follicular fruits exposing the seeds (C) D lomentiform fruit of Osodendron altissimum (Hook. f.) E. J. M. Koenen E indehiscent and internally septate pod of Osodendron leptophyllum (Harms) E. J. M. Koenen F auriculiform indehiscent pod of Robrichia schomburgkii (Benth.) A. R. M. Luz &amp; E. R. Souza G young fruit of Abarema cochliacarpos (Gomes) Barneby &amp; J. W. Grimes H dehisced twisted pod of Abarema diamantina E. Guerra, Iganci &amp; M. P. Morim exposing the reddish endocarp and bicoloured seeds I dehisced follicle of Macrosamanea amplissima (Ducke) Barneby &amp; J. W. Grimes J Young fruits of Zygia brenesii (Standl.) L. Rico K dehisced pods of Zygia cognata (Schltdl.) Britton &amp; Rose L-O Indehiscent pods of Inga, with fleshy and sweety sarcotesta around the seeds L Inga grazielae (Vinha) T. D. Penn. M Inga capitata Desv. N Inga ingoides (Rich.) Willd. O Inga edulis Mart. Photo credits A, H LP Queiroz B NA Escobar C J Vieira D D Harris E P Latham, www. africanplants. senckenberg. de F LCampbell G, M, N RT Queiroz http: // rubens-plantasdobrasil. blogspot. com / I J Iganci J F Chinchila Romero K S de Jesus Calva L, O D Cardoso." figureDoi="10.3897/phytokeys.240.101716.figure266" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1014641" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">266O</figureCitation>
). The earliest records of this usage are from coastal Peru, where remnants of fruits and seeds of
<taxonomicName id="FEE598D6E81182B9A5110C172528A361" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Leguminosae" genus="Inga" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Inga feuillei" order="Fabales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="feuillei">
<emphasis id="61A089B1522ACE4E384425385F3BB804" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Inga feuillei</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
DC. have been recorded from tombs dating back to the Chimu and Mochica periods, ca. 2000 years ago. Ceramics from the same period made in the form of the fruit of
<taxonomicName id="24D9068FFA0A0D25B5AD9AF44DDBB62D" lsidName="I. feuillei" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="feuillei">
<emphasis id="06164F00F6DC3B7C9F51E4C37179D515" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">I. feuillei</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
have also been found in archaeological remains (
<bibRefCitation id="3E9CAEB697FE4C370C3E6586816B55DF" author="Pennington, TD" journalOrPublisher="Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew, United Kingdom" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" refId="B654" refString="Pennington, TD, 1997. The Genus Inga: Botany. Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew, United Kingdom" title="The Genus Inga: Botany." year="1997">Pennington 1997</bibRefCitation>
). Some species have edible embryos, which are used in soups or prepared by boiling in water or by roasting. Species of
<taxonomicName id="6CCD5A85D5DF74E8C2AF6586936F31B0" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Leguminosae" genus="Inga" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Inga" order="Fabales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="18D71EFA967E3E33F734D536BEB8DE2E" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Inga</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
are widely used by farmers as shade trees, mainly in coffee, cocoa and tea plantations, due to their architecture, which produces a flat or umbrella-shaped evergreen crown (
<bibRefCitation id="6EC965DA4A1F6B2F04892EEA7768A5C1" author="Pennington, TD" journalOrPublisher="Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew, United Kingdom" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" refId="B654" refString="Pennington, TD, 1997. The Genus Inga: Botany. Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew, United Kingdom" title="The Genus Inga: Botany." year="1997">Pennington 1997</bibRefCitation>
). In addition, they are widely used as fuelwood and to produce high volumes of timber in a short period of time (
<bibRefCitation id="4C893BB02DDDCC2D1EFD9F5D5A9A0B30" author="Pennington, TD" journalOrPublisher="Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew, United Kingdom" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" refId="B654" refString="Pennington, TD, 1997. The Genus Inga: Botany. Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew, United Kingdom" title="The Genus Inga: Botany." year="1997">Pennington 1997</bibRefCitation>
). The species are also commonly used in soil restoration and agroforestry (
<bibRefCitation id="1EFD53D10A052EB91CFDFA93A53CA63E" author="Pennington, TD" journalOrPublisher="Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew, United Kingdom" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" refId="B654" refString="Pennington, TD, 1997. The Genus Inga: Botany. Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew, United Kingdom" title="The Genus Inga: Botany." year="1997">Pennington 1997</bibRefCitation>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="FA5EDB762FE2CFC5E64F24EA2A3C1FEA" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="notes">
<paragraph id="3ACED42F177DA0DDF2A1C7BA01B74C94" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Notes.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="61148E77FA255B48B1D8294466212762" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<taxonomicName id="91A393EF9D182C04ADFEAE73F9FB4487" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Leguminosae" genus="Inga" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Inga" order="Fabales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="A5766B379CA86F28D51817A0B6E1B350" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Inga</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
has been supported as monophyletic in several phylogenetic studies of the mimosoid legumes although only about one third of the species have been sampled (
<bibRefCitation id="A8C212A3D1A052D9B65C53A58C08CDA7" DOI="https://doi.org/10.3389/fpls.2015.00710" author="Nicholls, JA" journalOrPublisher="Australian Journal of Botany" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" refId="B605" refString="Nicholls, JA, Pennington, RT, Koenen, EJM, Hughes, CE, Hearn, J, Bunnefeld, L, Dexter, KG, Stone, GN, Kidner, CA, 2015. Using targeted enrichment of nuclear genes to increase phylogenetic resolution in the neotropical rain forest genus Inga (Leguminosae: Mimosoideae). Frontiers in Plant Science 6: 710. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpls.2015.00710" title="Using targeted enrichment of nuclear genes to increase phylogenetic resolution in the neotropical rain forest genus Inga (Leguminosae: Mimosoideae). Frontiers in Plant Science 6: 710." url="https://doi.org/10.3389/fpls.2015.00710" year="2015">Nicholls et al. 2015</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="046301C50C57F16F8E995AF9D3F2C525" DOI="https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1613655114" author="Dexter, KG" journalOrPublisher="Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="2645 - 2650" refId="B218" refString="Dexter, KG, Lavin, M, Torke, BM, Twyford, AD, Kursar, TA, Coley, PD, Drake, C, Hollands, R, Pennington, RT, 2017. Dispersal assembly of rain forest tree communities across the Amazon basin. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America 114 (10): 2645 - 2650, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1613655114" title="Dispersal assembly of rain forest tree communities across the Amazon basin." url="https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1613655114" volume="114" year="2017">Dexter et al. 2017</bibRefCitation>
).
<bibRefCitation id="7E925B5264388BF25A4F7B14AC1BFE0F" author="Barneby, RC" journalOrPublisher="Memoirs of the New York Botanical Garden" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="1 - 292" refId="B44" refString="Barneby, RC, Grimes, JW, 1996. Silk tree, Guanacaste, Monkey's earring: a generic system for the synandrous Mimosaceae of the Americas. Part I. Abarema, Albizia, and allies. Memoirs of the New York Botanical Garden 74 (1): 1 - 292" title="Silk tree, Guanacaste, Monkey's earring: a generic system for the synandrous Mimosaceae of the Americas. Part I. Abarema, Albizia, and allies." volume="74" year="1996">Barneby and Grimes (1996)</bibRefCitation>
included
<taxonomicName id="C5ADD77ADE9B3382542DFE99167D90ED" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Leguminosae" genus="Inga" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Inga" order="Fabales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="2D9756F46F065DCBC1D54441E1C5622B" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Inga</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
in the informal
<taxonomicName id="5EBA85923D09207F883963D7A7981E80" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Leguminosae" genus="Inga" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Inga" order="Fabales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">Inga</taxonomicName>
alliance together with
<taxonomicName id="1E3C576802B59DEC24464B82DBAD9E2F" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fabaceae" genus="Macrosamanea" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Macrosamanea" order="Fabales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="E5672396BC22EE6AE047C119DD81547B" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Macrosamanea</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="19A6F14377B8BD68D64989836A3C3542" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fabaceae" genus="Cojoba" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Cojoba" order="Fabales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="7D25FBE5BED32741388489F7DDAE7E65" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Cojoba</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
Britton &amp; Rose,
<taxonomicName id="F111B5B3EB69C9F2B98EC453D52592D3" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Caesalpiniaceae" genus="Zygia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Zygia" order="Fabales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="E30FB74CC7F5EA4392533CF138C4545D" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Zygia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="98ECEF29006CDB84AA6C266FBD227C80" authorityName="Bruneau &amp; de Queiroz &amp; Ringelberg &amp; Borges &amp; Bortoluzzi &amp; Brown &amp; Cardoso &amp; Clark &amp; Conceição &amp; Cota &amp; Demeulenaere &amp; de Stefano &amp; Ebinger &amp; Ferm &amp; Fonseca-Cortés &amp; Gagnon &amp; Grether &amp; Guerra &amp; Haston &amp; Herendeen &amp; Hernández &amp; Hopkins &amp; Huamantupa-Chuquimaco &amp; Hughes &amp; Ickert-Bond &amp; Iganci &amp; Koenen &amp; Lewis &amp; de Lima &amp; de Lima &amp; Luckow &amp; Marazzi &amp; Maslin &amp; Morales &amp; Morim &amp; Murphy &amp; ODonnell &amp; Oliveira &amp; Oliveira &amp; Rando &amp; Ribeiro &amp; Ribeiro &amp; Santos &amp; Seigler &amp; da Silva &amp; Simon &amp; Soares &amp; Terra" authorityYear="2024" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Leguminosae" genus="Calliandra" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Calliandra" order="Fabales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="2181C66E46C1EB5137AD05451A7C2AE1" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Calliandra</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
Benth.,
<taxonomicName id="0984033FD9C45B4DD2D11D34F7363C23" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Leguminosae" genus="Zapoteca" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Zapoteca" order="Fabales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="5A38D66148DC82BC0269BC86B6685192" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Zapoteca</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
H.M. Hern. and
<taxonomicName id="B2A1A26B4B540008AA8C1B5E2225093D" family="Leguminosae" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="" order="Fabales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="tribe" tribe="Archidendron">
<emphasis id="B0F139F9C8883C27D26DC5EBA2BBADFB" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Archidendron</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
F. Muell. Subsequent studies demonstrated that this alliance is polyphyletic and that
<taxonomicName id="04B841850CFBA3C887AD4E09B12ABFE6" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Leguminosae" genus="Inga" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Inga" order="Fabales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="5C8F72D4E7DC498E0D4B62E82200FA54" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Inga</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is probably sister to the genus
<taxonomicName id="B48E1CE794D830DD22BF09411A3C9747" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Caesalpiniaceae" genus="Zygia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Zygia" order="Fabales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="AFCF712E63A961483B39D166D44DF78B" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Zygia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(
<bibRefCitation id="8DDC23A4FE1CFA246C816A35D1E7D220" DOI="https://doi.org/10.1002/ajb2.1568" author="Koenen, EJM" journalOrPublisher="American Journal of Botany" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="1710 - 1735" refId="B441" refString="Koenen, EJM, Kidner, CA, Souza, ER, Simon, MF, Iganci, JRV, Nicholls, JA, Brown, GK, Queiroz, LP, Luckow, MA, Lewis, GP, Pennington, RT, Hughes, CE, 2020a. Hybrid capture of 964 nuclear genes resolves evolutionary relationships in the mimosoid legumes and reveals the polytomous origins of a large pantropical radiation. American Journal of Botany 107 (12): 1710 - 1735, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1002/ajb2.1568" title="Hybrid capture of 964 nuclear genes resolves evolutionary relationships in the mimosoid legumes and reveals the polytomous origins of a large pantropical radiation." url="https://doi.org/10.1002/ajb2.1568" volume="107" year="2020 a">Koenen et al. 2020a</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="29540F101A7597CCB1BD1F78477A41E0" DOI="https://doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.205.85866" author="Ringelberg, JJ" editor="Hughes, CE" journalOrPublisher="PhytoKeys" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="3 - 58" refId="B712" refString="Ringelberg, JJ, Koenen, EJM, Iganci, JR, Queiroz, LP, Murphy, DJ, Gaudeul, M, Bruneau, A, Luckow, M, Lewis, GP, Hughes, CE, 2022. Phylogenomic analysis of 997 nuclear genes reveals the need for extensive generic re-delimitation in Caesalpinioideae (Leguminosae). In: Hughes, CE, Queiroz, LP, Lewis, GP, Eds., Advances in Legume Systematics 14. Classification of Caesalpinioideae Part 1: New generic delimitations. PhytoKeys 205: 3 - 58, DOI: https://doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.205.85866" title="Phylogenomic analysis of 997 nuclear genes reveals the need for extensive generic re-delimitation in Caesalpinioideae (Leguminosae)." url="https://doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.205.85866" volume="205" volumeTitle="Advances in Legume Systematics 14. Classification of Caesalpinioideae Part 1: New generic delimitations." year="2022">Ringelberg et al. 2022</bibRefCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="A2FBFFE150174DA9C0F541AE8A8C95E3" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
The infrageneric taxonomy has changed importantly over the years.
<bibRefCitation id="DA4F0A694E5D1D1CA1F3748472644189" author="Bentham, G" journalOrPublisher="London Journal of Botany" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="577 - 622" publicationUrl="https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/item/6315#page/581/mode/1up" refId="B68" refString="Bentham, G, 1845. Notes on the Mimoseae, with a synopsis of species. London Journal of Botany 4: 577 - 622, https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/item/6315#page/581/mode/1up" title="Notes on the Mimoseae, with a synopsis of species." url="https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/item/6315#page/581/mode/1up" volume="4" year="1845">Bentham (1845</bibRefCitation>
,
<bibRefCitation id="C885A70259C84C6673F45D7C94B0F228" author="Bentham, G" editor="Bentham, G" journalOrPublisher="1. London, L. Reeve &amp; Co." pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="434 - 600" refId="B70" refString="Bentham, G, 1865. Leguminosae. In: Bentham, G, Hooker, JD, Eds., Genera Plantarum, vol. 1. London, L. Reeve &amp; Co.: 434 - 600" title="Leguminosae." volumeTitle="Genera Plantarum, vol." year="1865">1865</bibRefCitation>
,
<bibRefCitation id="3BD8BE8011590F5725A511AA810B27D6" author="Bentham, G" journalOrPublisher="Transactions of the Linnean Society of London" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="335 - 664" publicationUrl="https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/item/88072#page/407/mode/1up" refId="B74" refString="Bentham, G, 1875. Revision of the Suborder Mimoseae. Transactions of the Linnean Society of London 30 (3): 335 - 664, https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/item/88072#page/407/mode/1up" title="Revision of the Suborder Mimoseae." url="https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/item/88072#page/407/mode/1up" volume="30" year="1875">1875</bibRefCitation>
) divided
<taxonomicName id="8E2124D3FA5C2C7AB83E02C582FA2640" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Leguminosae" genus="Inga" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Inga" order="Fabales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="0770B38E47922030F9EA7981FCA98A3A" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Inga</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
into five sections:
<taxonomicName id="9306552F040CEEB78E454423E5F9DDCC" genus="Leptinga" lsidName="Leptinga" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="F0B85076E7249257E2E5916F2D6F8282" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Leptinga</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
Benth.,
<taxonomicName id="CE7CAEAF88204CB172BDB5399F2EF52F" authorityName="Gray" authorityYear="1825" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Diadema" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Diadema" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B2F1F681CF296CAF0BDF69C7EB1F0AD3" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Diadema</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
Benth.,
<taxonomicName id="833F96489ABD07295DC8DB400555D1B9" genus="Bourgonia" lsidName="Bourgonia" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="2E75978B1F41414939CAA2409F2C1233" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Bourgonia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
Benth.,
<taxonomicName id="639A4A4DE5EFA7F7A9DE2A05D6E35281" genus="Pseudinga" lsidName="Pseudinga" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="536A50DDA35D9C4590EC94D386423FD9" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Pseudinga</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
Benth. and
<taxonomicName id="8B5BA5A184BF81525107421C100F19FB" genus="Euinga" lsidName="Euinga" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="42F559896D3220133FF7AB0CD9F2B34A" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Euinga</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
.
<bibRefCitation id="B3C19B77224D1209D21E093FFFAEFC66" author="Pennington, TD" journalOrPublisher="Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew, United Kingdom" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" refId="B654" refString="Pennington, TD, 1997. The Genus Inga: Botany. Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew, United Kingdom" title="The Genus Inga: Botany." year="1997">Pennington (1997)</bibRefCitation>
remarked that the boundaries of sections and series are blurred, but that the series might be more natural than the sections.
<bibRefCitation id="F9ABB7357224DE40FD3575B32DEABC8C" author="Pennington, TD" journalOrPublisher="Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew, United Kingdom" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" refId="B654" refString="Pennington, TD, 1997. The Genus Inga: Botany. Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew, United Kingdom" title="The Genus Inga: Botany." year="1997">Pennington (1997)</bibRefCitation>
classified the genus into 14 sections, within which only informal species groups were recognised. The sections are largely based on several overlapping and quantitative characters and are difficult to separate with a simple key, probably reflecting the relatively recent origin and explosive radiation of the genus in Neotropical rainforests (
<bibRefCitation id="C0059C8C79A654CF00B737AE2B6B5348" DOI="https://doi.org/10.1002/9781444306408.ch23" author="Pennington, RT" editor="Hoorn, C" journalOrPublisher="Blackwell Publishing Oxford, United Kingdom" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="373 - 385" refId="B653" refString="Pennington, RT, Dick, CW, 2009. Diversification of the Amazonian flora and its relation to key geological and environmental events: a molecular perspective. Chapter 23. In: Hoorn, C, Wesselingh, FP, Eds., Amazonia, Landscape and Species evolution. Blackwell Publishing Oxford, United Kingdom: 373 - 385, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1002/9781444306408.ch23" title="Diversification of the Amazonian flora and its relation to key geological and environmental events: a molecular perspective. Chapter 23." url="https://doi.org/10.1002/9781444306408.ch23" volumeTitle="Amazonia, Landscape and Species evolution." year="2009">Pennington and Dick 2009</bibRefCitation>
;
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).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="382A0BE1ACBFA46860025F8E518130A5" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="taxonomic references">
<paragraph id="1C19AF7C34F46DFB68D9821B695643A0" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Taxonomic references.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="B16F4F60EC3589A802DE3E6893E087D2" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<bibRefCitation id="57C2832A3DA5CBA43536B60E57130523" author="Bentham, G" journalOrPublisher="London Journal of Botany" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="577 - 622" publicationUrl="https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/item/6315#page/581/mode/1up" refId="B68" refString="Bentham, G, 1845. Notes on the Mimoseae, with a synopsis of species. London Journal of Botany 4: 577 - 622, https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/item/6315#page/581/mode/1up" title="Notes on the Mimoseae, with a synopsis of species." url="https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/item/6315#page/581/mode/1up" volume="4" year="1845">Bentham (1845</bibRefCitation>
,
<bibRefCitation id="91FF636593536FA75927A9E7FADE0755" author="Bentham, G" journalOrPublisher="Transactions of the Linnean Society of London" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="335 - 664" publicationUrl="https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/item/88072#page/407/mode/1up" refId="B74" refString="Bentham, G, 1875. Revision of the Suborder Mimoseae. Transactions of the Linnean Society of London 30 (3): 335 - 664, https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/item/88072#page/407/mode/1up" title="Revision of the Suborder Mimoseae." url="https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/item/88072#page/407/mode/1up" volume="30" year="1875">1875</bibRefCitation>
,
<bibRefCitation id="4C356E75DD0D382E0DB9B7FDE93D217B" author="Bentham, G" editor="von, Martius CP" journalOrPublisher="15, part 2. Munich, Leipzig" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="258 - 503" refId="B75" refString="Bentham, G, 1876. Leguminosae III. Mimoseae. In: von, Martius CP, Eichler, A, Urban, I, Eds., Flora Brasiliensis vol. 15, part 2. Munich, Leipzig: 258 - 503" title="Leguminosae III. Mimoseae." volumeTitle="Flora Brasiliensis vol." year="1876">1876</bibRefCitation>
);
<bibRefCitation id="5F1799A195B40BFC3AC67A494EC16306" author="Pennington, TD" journalOrPublisher="Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew, United Kingdom" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" refId="B654" refString="Pennington, TD, 1997. The Genus Inga: Botany. Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew, United Kingdom" title="The Genus Inga: Botany." year="1997">Pennington (1997)</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="4266F926D553BC7ABD347D3EF375221E" author="Poncy, O" journalOrPublisher="Memoire du Museum National d'Histoire Naturelle, B, Botanique" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="1 - 124" refId="B670" refString="Poncy, O, 1985. Le Genre Inga (Legumineuses, Mimosoideae) en Guyane francaise. Memoire du Museum National d'Histoire Naturelle, B, Botanique 31: 1 - 124" title="Le Genre Inga (Legumineuses, Mimosoideae) en Guyane francaise." volume="31" year="1985">Poncy (1985)</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="1A9C246DCB6C83F505672369A51EA772" DOI="https://doi.org/10.2307/2399826" author="Sousa, MS" journalOrPublisher="Annals of the Missouri Botanical Garden" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="223 - 269" refId="B813" refString="Sousa, MS, 1993. El genero Inga (Leguminosae Mimosoideae) del sur de Mexico y Centroamerica, estudio previo para la Flora Mesoamericana. Annals of the Missouri Botanical Garden 80: 223 - 269, DOI: https://doi.org/10.2307/2399826" title="El genero Inga (Leguminosae Mimosoideae) del sur de Mexico y Centroamerica, estudio previo para la Flora Mesoamericana." url="https://doi.org/10.2307/2399826" volume="80" year="1993">Sousa (1993)</bibRefCitation>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</subSection>
</document>