100 lines
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100 lines
12 KiB
XML
<document id="2D9511537C9160517037297945D2C6D6" ID-CLB-Dataset="25698" ID-DOI="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.77.769" ID-GBIF-Dataset="041b36c9-43f0-42e0-a8fd-0e7825af491c" ID-PMC="PMC3088056" ID-Pensoft-Pub="1313-2970-77-17" ID-PubMed="21594149" ModsDocAuthor="" ModsDocDate="2011" ModsDocID="1313-2970-77-17" ModsDocOrigin="ZooKeys 77" ModsDocTitle="On the placement of the Cretaceous orthopteran Brauckmannia groeningae from Brazil, with notes on the relationships of Schizodactylidae (Orthoptera, Ensifera)" checkinTime="1451250827295" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Heads, Sam W. & Leuzinger, Lea" docDate="2011" docId="C9ACD9C11710DC342860713A84E4A2FD" docLanguage="en" docName="ZooKeys 77: 17-30" docOrigin="ZooKeys 77" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.77.769" docTitle="Schizodactylidae Blanchard 1845" docType="treatment" docVersion="6" lastPageNumber="18" masterDocId="FFB9FFCFF633200CFFE2E534FF9D5F4F" masterDocTitle="On the placement of the Cretaceous orthopteran Brauckmannia groeningae from Brazil, with notes on the relationships of Schizodactylidae (Orthoptera, Ensifera)" masterLastPageNumber="30" masterPageNumber="17" pageNumber="18" updateTime="1732939058746" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:titleInfo id="AA0ECB61795D3C9E29D7B6CD16E829F1">
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<mods:title id="63DC95400F37589525C720E97B505896">On the placement of the Cretaceous orthopteran Brauckmannia groeningae from Brazil, with notes on the relationships of Schizodactylidae (Orthoptera, Ensifera)</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="CF46368B3F7E63232F1DBD3745EBFB70">Heads, Sam W.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:name id="0A420919619EDA38DF73E78721C022F8" type="personal">
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<mods:namePart id="1FADB000203AC564DEE37597B589AA9E">Leuzinger, Lea</mods:namePart>
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<mods:typeOfResource id="92B379A508D31AE12D4322A2D1D47B32">text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:title id="7DD95E43DA503E073DC3549A9F07EFA3">ZooKeys</mods:title>
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<mods:part id="048397B569CB7F27D785060845DCE8AC">
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<mods:date id="9624CE7724613A5E261160D42554B264">2011</mods:date>
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<mods:detail id="D3BA271BF03FE27169118F75C8CE8FD6" type="volume">
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<mods:number id="B7CA9292489457563B0E8F958EAFFD72">77</mods:number>
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<mods:extent id="17030CDC07498E2DDD9E4DA53E810EE3" unit="page">
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<mods:start id="D7413E122CA819F605CAA3EC0AA59AEF">17</mods:start>
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<mods:end id="118BD884958A62A2DBEB41E01DD60A0C">30</mods:end>
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<mods:url id="5E588C83AEEC98B4F1FAFE89A2CB8A2F">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.77.769</mods:url>
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<mods:classification id="8C80D49970D96D30D14883950CE21E9B">journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier id="DEC832AE6A63BFDDC94787B14D76D7BC" type="DOI">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.77.769</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="1A7DCFD0285066A9107A57E24629F0A7" type="Pensoft-Pub">1313-2970-77-17</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="C9ACD9C11710DC342860713A84E4A2FD" ID-GBIF-Taxon="159361134" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:C9ACD9C11710DC342860713A84E4A2FD" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/C9ACD9C11710DC342860713A84E4A2FD" lastPageNumber="18" pageId="1" pageNumber="18" scope_order="Orthoptera" scope_subOrder="Ensifera">
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<subSubSection id="73BBB6F9FC56C22C68D754309CE7F672" pageId="1" pageNumber="18" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="F6E9ED340C76D3A4718A70325A7C2BF2" pageId="1" pageNumber="18">
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Family
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<taxonomicName id="EC3FDFD70362EAFC388D6F352C3C0736" ID-CoL="8NKQG" authority="Blanchard, 1845" authorityName="Blanchard" authorityYear="1845" class="Insecta" family="Schizodactylidae" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="" order="Orthoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="18" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">Schizodactylidae Blanchard, 1845</taxonomicName>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="4DCA35E069CADE220CB2F7F475B96880" pageId="1" pageNumber="18" type="reference_group">
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<paragraph id="8FAF1254AA608CB55FF7CE1772D22EEB" pageId="1" pageNumber="18">
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<taxonomicName id="D3698D66B6D4874BA0DBB1B2DEFB00F0" genus="Schizodactylites" lsidName="Schizodactylites" pageId="1" pageNumber="18" rank="genus">Schizodactylites</taxonomicName>
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<bibRefCitation id="40609A3CE00985BBD5E2F861489A922E" author="Blanchard, E" journalOrPublisher="Savy, Paris" pageId="7" pageNumber="24" title="Histoire Naturelle des Insectes, leurs Moeurs, leurs Metamorphoses et leur Classification, ou Traite Elementaire d'Entomologie" year="1845">Blanchard 1845</bibRefCitation>
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: 249.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="07C52C6BE356F58DEE813ADCBF509403" pageId="1" pageNumber="18">
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<taxonomicName id="3D452F73573FD984DF31705D1FADCD9D" lsidName="" pageId="1" pageNumber="18" rank="subFamily" subFamily="Schizodactylinae">Schizodactylinae</taxonomicName>
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<bibRefCitation id="87B19951FB64E17E1FF2F398F497A2E3" author="Ramme, W" journalOrPublisher="Zeitschrift fuer Morphologie und Oekologie der Tiere" pageId="9" pageNumber="26" pagination="163 - 172" title="Systematisches, Verbreitung und Morphobiologisches Aus der Gryllacriden-Unterfamilie Schizodactylinae (Orth)." volume="22" year="1931">Ramme 1931</bibRefCitation>
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: 163.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8E9E852520A377A8123EFE53C3666733" pageId="1" pageNumber="18">
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<taxonomicName id="49F582EC9E71C00113796882D7B718F3" class="Insecta" family="Schizodactylidae" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="" order="Orthoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="18" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">Schizodactylidae</taxonomicName>
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<bibRefCitation id="9879894D0A60C73940D1B804E3ED62F3" author="Ander, K" journalOrPublisher="Lund" pageId="7" pageNumber="24" title="Vergleichend-Anatomische und Phylogenetische Studien ueber die Ensifera (Saltatoria)" volumeTitle="Opuscula Entomologica Suplementum" year="1939">Ander 1939</bibRefCitation>
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: 622.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="C240367B26DF5DDE318ACDEC0B6E00AA" pageId="1" pageNumber="18">
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<taxonomicName id="CC1F4D2EBE2D5CDD2CCEBE602B89E241" family="Brauckmanniidae" lsidName="" pageId="1" pageNumber="18" rank="family">Brauckmanniidae</taxonomicName>
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<bibRefCitation id="C10E9AA75E81505C9FE4A012781AAD70" author="Martins-Neto, RG" journalOrPublisher="Gaea" pageId="9" pageNumber="26" pagination="3 - 8" title="New Orthoptera Stenopelmatoidea and Hagloidea (Ensifera) from the Santana Formation (Lower Cretaceous, northeast Brazil) with description of new taxa." volume="3" year="2007">Martins-Neto 2007</bibRefCitation>
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: 3, syn. n.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="567AB2D2AC5EC5E5D9DF6041C0E1783B" pageId="1" pageNumber="18" type="comments">
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<paragraph id="90922F76402ABAE051C4E85AF483DA73" pageId="1" pageNumber="18">Comments.</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="4B805F7E43EAE86BFC1D2226B64DB318" pageId="1" pageNumber="18">
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The
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<taxonomicName id="CEA0934C4639E97E750AA78C1BA13E86" class="Insecta" family="Schizodactylidae" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="" order="Orthoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="18" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">Schizodactylidae</taxonomicName>
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, or splay-footed crickets, are a relict group of primitive Ensifera notable for their uniquely modified tarsi, which bear distinctive lobe-like lateral processes that serve to support the insects as they walk around their sandy habitats. The family is traditionally subdivided into two monotypic subfamilies:
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<taxonomicName id="CEA07330F775786903BA2AEBE61C5A7C" lsidName="" pageId="1" pageNumber="18" rank="subFamily" subFamily="Schizodactylinae">Schizodactylinae</taxonomicName>
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Blanchard, 1845 containing the type genus
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<taxonomicName id="839B0CE1C61B409DBC64E508CF6D14F5" class="Insecta" family="Schizodactylidae" genus="Schizodactylus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Schizodactylus" order="Orthoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="18" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Schizodactylus</taxonomicName>
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<normalizedToken id="660DF09271946C3D466359A2E5CA07E9" originalValue="Brullé">Brulle</normalizedToken>
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, 1835 found primarily in India, Pakistan, Afghanistan and parts of Southeast Asia; and
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<taxonomicName id="B82885198F5B01D545AA9588BBE1E2D4" lsidName="" pageId="1" pageNumber="18" rank="subFamily" subFamily="Comicinae">Comicinae</taxonomicName>
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Ander, 1939 containing the apparently paedomorphic genus
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<taxonomicName id="F6589A3BD8DE01880679E307E8A61B66" class="Insecta" family="Schizodactylidae" genus="Comicus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Comicus" order="Orthoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="18" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Comicus</taxonomicName>
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Brunner von Wattenwyl, 1888 found only in southern parts of Africa. Schizodactylids are primarily nocturnal and are thought to be active predators (
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<bibRefCitation id="37B1651448BD07B9C15127C26ABB95B4" author="Fletcher, TB" journalOrPublisher="Government Press, Madras" pageId="8" pageNumber="25" title="Some South Indian Insects and Other Animals of Importance Considered Especially from an Economic Point of View" year="1914">Fletcher 1914</bibRefCitation>
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). Indeed, species of
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<taxonomicName id="BD0E04AA50B4640FE211F7CE939D84AF" class="Insecta" family="Schizodactylidae" genus="Schizodactylus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Schizodactylus" order="Orthoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="18" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Schizodactylus</taxonomicName>
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have an intimidating habitus and clear predatory adaptations including raptorial prothoracic legs and powerful, enlarged mouthparts. Sub-social behaviour and cannibalism have been observed in populations of
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<taxonomicName id="F38822234183B84E0327EDEE109FEF2A" class="Insecta" family="Schizodactylidae" genus="Schizodactylus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Schizodactylus monstrosus" order="Orthoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="18" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="monstrosus">Schizodactylus monstrosus</taxonomicName>
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(Drury, 1773) (
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<bibRefCitation id="8B3D79BF3B83851C6F418BEFD9FE60AF" author="Choudhuri, DK" journalOrPublisher="Revue d'Ecologie et de Biologie du Sol" pageId="7" pageNumber="24" pagination="569 - 573" title="On the sub-social behaviour and cannibalism in Schizodactylus monstrosus (Orthoptera: Schizodactylidae)." volume="11" year="1974">Choudhuri and Bagh 1974</bibRefCitation>
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) and
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<taxonomicName id="251AD5E6B170B618A4683BA646A2B01E" class="Insecta" family="Schizodactylidae" genus="Schizodactylus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Schizodactylus inexpectatus" order="Orthoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="18" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="inexpectatus">Schizodactylus inexpectatus</taxonomicName>
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(Werner, 1901) was recently the subject of a detailed biological and ecological study by
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<bibRefCitation id="3C97294A7269AA501D95BD7BD99AF92B" author="Aydin, G" journalOrPublisher="Turkish Journal of Zoology" pageId="7" pageNumber="24" pagination="427 - 432" title="The biology, nymphal stages, and life habits of the endemic sand dune cricket Schizodactylus inexpectatus (Werner, 1901) (Orthoptera: Schizodactylidae)." volume="32" year="2008">Aydin and Khomutov (2008)</bibRefCitation>
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.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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</treatment>
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</document> |