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<mods:title id="22CE9A993F6FA3E2DAAD1B8CA9B1047A">The taxonomic catalog of the Brazilian fauna: biodiversity and geographical distribution of Triatominae (Hemiptera: Reduviidae) in Brazil</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="D6B2CBE5D0B035C1EBD11A7F335B6D9E">Gil-Santana, Hélcio R.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="5191F0D149EC31E3869EA69167863737">Oliveira, Jader de</mods:namePart>
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<heading id="147D091FFF98FFE7F6BDB4184541FAF0" bold="true" box="[154,768,1289,1314]" centered="true" fontSize="11" level="2" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" reason="4">
<taxonomicName id="888AC5F0FF98FFE7F6BDB4184541FAF0" ID-CoL="585XZ" authority="Correa &amp; Espinola, 1964" authorityName="Correa &amp; Espinola" authorityYear="1964" box="[154,768,1289,1314]" class="Insecta" family="Reduviidae" genus="Triatoma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pseudomaculata">
<emphasis id="7DFE6261FF98FFE7F6BDB4184541FAF0" bold="true" box="[154,768,1289,1314]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">
<emphasis id="7DFE6261FF98FFE7F6BDB4184799FAF0" bold="true" box="[154,472,1289,1314]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">Triatoma pseudomaculata</emphasis>
Corrêa &amp; Espínola, 1964
</emphasis>
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<paragraph id="4F35BE73FF98FFE7F6F3B42447CBFA7C" blockId="13.[150,773,1333,1787]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">
Distribution.
<collectingRegion id="8D4E7091FF98FFE7F744B42447F6FA98" box="[355,439,1333,1354]" country="Brazil" name="Alagoas" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">Alagoas</collectingRegion>
,
<collectingRegion id="8D4E7091FF98FFE7F7E5B4244440FA98" box="[450,513,1333,1354]" country="Brazil" name="Bahia" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">Bahia</collectingRegion>
,
<collectingRegion id="8D4E7091FF98FFE7F42BB424440BFA98" box="[524,586,1333,1354]" country="Brazil" name="Ceara" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">Ceará</collectingRegion>
,
<collectingRegion id="8D4E7091FF98FFE7F472B42444BEFA98" box="[597,767,1333,1354]" country="Mexico" name="Distrito Federal" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">Distrito Federal</collectingRegion>
,
<collectingRegion id="8D4E7091FF98FFE7F6BEB4474697FAB9" box="[153,214,1366,1387]" country="Brazil" name="Goias" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">Goiás</collectingRegion>
,
<collectingRegion id="8D4E7091FF98FFE7F6F8B447470FFAB9" box="[223,334,1366,1387]" country="Brazil" name="Maranhao" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">Maranhão</collectingRegion>
,
<collectingRegion id="8D4E7091FF98FFE7F77FB44747A5FAB9" box="[344,484,1366,1387]" country="Brazil" name="Minas Gerais" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">Minas Gerais</collectingRegion>
,
<collectingRegion id="8D4E7091FF98FFE7F7CAB4474435FAB9" box="[493,628,1366,1387]" country="Brazil" name="Mato Grosso" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">Mato Grosso</collectingRegion>
,
<collectingRegion id="8D4E7091FF98FFE7F459B447469DFA5E" country="Brazil" name="Mato Grosso do Sul" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">Mato Grosso do Sul</collectingRegion>
,
<collectingRegion id="8D4E7091FF98FFE7F6C0B4664778FA5E" box="[231,313,1399,1420]" country="Brazil" name="Paraiba" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">ParaÍba</collectingRegion>
,
<collectingRegion id="8D4E7091FF98FFE7F763B466478DFA5E" box="[324,460,1399,1420]" country="Brazil" name="Pernambuco" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">Pernambuco</collectingRegion>
,
<collectingRegion id="8D4E7091FF98FFE7F7F0B466444EFA5E" box="[471,527,1399,1420]" country="Brazil" name="Piaui" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">PiauÍ</collectingRegion>
,
<collectingRegion id="8D4E7091FF98FFE7F43CB46644BEFA5E" box="[539,767,1399,1420]" country="Brazil" name="Rio Grande do Norte" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">Rio Grande do Norte</collectingRegion>
,
<collectingRegion id="8D4E7091FF98FFE7F6BFB48846A9FA7C" box="[152,232,1433,1454]" country="Brazil" name="Sergipe" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">Sergipe</collectingRegion>
and
<collectingRegion id="8D4E7091FF98FFE7F73AB48847C7FA7C" box="[285,390,1433,1454]" country="Brazil" name="Tocantins" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">Tocantins</collectingRegion>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="4F35BE73FF98FFE7F6F3B4AB42A9FE92" blockId="13.[150,773,1333,1787]" lastBlockId="13.[807,1431,199,587]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">
Public health importance. This species has been collect- ed in the bird nests, hollow trees and under bark; frequently found in peridomiciliar environments in the semi-arid (“caatinga”) environments (
<bibRefCitation id="2B1BC382FF98FFE7F79DB70F44DDF9E1" author="Carcavallo RU &amp; GalIndez-Giron I &amp; Jurberg J &amp; Lent H" box="[442,668,1566,1587]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" refId="ref13370" refString="Carcavallo RU, GalIndez-Giron I, Jurberg J, Lent H (1999) Atlas of Chagas disease vectors in the Americas / Atlas dos vetores da doenca de Chagas nas Americas. Editora Fiocruz, Rio de Janeiro, 1217 pp." type="book" year="1999">Carcavallo et al. 1999</bibRefCitation>
) and it is able to feed on cockroaches (
<bibRefCitation id="2B1BC382FF98FFE7F7E2B72E443AF986" author="Freitas SPC &amp; Lorosa ES &amp; Rodrigues DCS &amp; Freitas ALC &amp; Goncalves TCM" box="[453,635,1599,1620]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" pagination="27 - 32" refId="ref15893" refString="Freitas SPC, Lorosa ES, Rodrigues DCS, Freitas ALC, Goncalves TCM (2005) Fontes alimentares de Triatoma pseudomaculata no estado do Ceara, Brasil. Revista de Saude Publica 39: 27 - 32. https: // doi. org / 10.1590 / S 0034 - 89102005000100004" type="journal article" year="2005">Freitas et al. 2005</bibRefCitation>
,
<bibRefCitation id="2B1BC382FF98FFE7F4A2B72E468BF9A4" author="Pontes GB &amp; Noireau F &amp; Lorenzo MG" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" pagination="708 - 710" refId="ref20443" refString="Pontes GB, Noireau F, Lorenzo MG (2011) Behavioral Evidence of an Ectoparasitic Interaction between Triatoma pseudomaculata Correa &amp; EspInola (Heteroptera: Reduviidae) and Periplaneta americana (L.) (Blattodea: Blattidae). Neotropical Entomology 40 (6): 708 - 710. https: // doi. org / 10.1590 / S 1519 - 566 X 2011000600013" type="journal article" year="2011">Pontes et al. 2011</bibRefCitation>
). It has been found naturally infected by
<taxonomicName id="888AC5F0FF98FFE7F440B77044EAF9A4" baseAuthorityName="Costa" baseAuthorityYear="1999" box="[615,683,1633,1654]" class="Kinetoplastea" family="Trypanosomatidae" genus="Trypanosoma" kingdom="Protozoa" order="Trypanosomatida" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" phylum="Euglenozoa" rank="species" species="cruzi">
<emphasis id="7DFE6261FF98FFE7F440B77044EAF9A4" box="[615,683,1633,1654]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">T. cruzi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, but this species occurs in low numbers and was not considered an important vector of Chagas disease before 1980s (
<bibRefCitation id="2B1BC382FF98FFE7F483B7B24718F908" author="Lent H &amp; Wygodzinsky P" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" pagination="123 - 520" refId="ref17898" refString="Lent H, Wygodzinsky P (1979) Revision of the Triatominae (Hemiptera, Reduviidae), and their significance as vectors of Chagas disease. Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History 163: 123 - 520. https: // www. biodiversitylibrary. org / bibliography / 89400" type="journal article" year="1979">Lent and Wygodzinsky 1979</bibRefCitation>
). However, this species is in the process of domiciliation (
<bibRefCitation id="2B1BC382FF98FFE7F709B7F747B4F929" author="De Assis GF &amp; Azeredo BV &amp; Carbajal-de-la-Fuente AL &amp; Diotaiuti L &amp; De Lana M" box="[302,501,1766,1787]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" pagination="391 - 396" refId="ref14774" refString="De Assis GF, Azeredo BV, Carbajal-de-la-Fuente AL, Diotaiuti L, De Lana M (2007) Domiciliation of Triatoma pseudomaculata (Correa e EspInola 1964) in the Jequitinhonha Valley, State of Minas Gerais. Revista da Sociedade Brasileira de Medicina Tropical 40: 391 - 396. https: // doi. org / 10.1590 / S 0037 - 86822007000400003" type="journal article" year="2007">De Assis et al. 2007</bibRefCitation>
) and it can present a high natural
<taxonomicName id="888AC5F0FF98FFE7F55EB1D645FCFF0E" baseAuthorityName="Costa" baseAuthorityYear="1999" box="[889,957,199,220]" class="Kinetoplastea" family="Trypanosomatidae" genus="Trypanosoma" kingdom="Protozoa" order="Trypanosomatida" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" phylum="Euglenozoa" rank="species" species="cruzi">
<emphasis id="7DFE6261FF98FFE7F55EB1D645FCFF0E" box="[889,957,199,220]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">T.cruzi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
infection rate (
<bibRefCitation id="2B1BC382FF98FFE7F271B1D64351FF0E" author="Sarquis O &amp; Borges-Pereira J &amp; Mac Cord JR &amp; Ferreira Gomes T &amp; Cabello PH &amp; Lima MM" box="[1110,1296,199,220]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" pagination="263 - 270" refId="ref21828" refString="Sarquis O, Borges-Pereira J, Mac Cord JR, Ferreira Gomes T, Cabello PH, Lima MM (2004) Epidemiology of Chagas Disease in Jaguaruana, Ceara, Brazil. I. Presence of triatomines and index of Trypanosoma cruzi infection in four localities of a rural area. Memorias do Instituto Oswaldo Cruz 99 (3): 263 - 270. https: // doi. org / 10.1590 / S 0074 - 02762004000300004" type="journal article" year="2004">Sarquis et al. 2004</bibRefCitation>
). One case of
<taxonomicName id="888AC5F0FF98FFE7F500B1F8452AFF2C" baseAuthorityName="Costa" baseAuthorityYear="1999" box="[807,875,233,254]" class="Kinetoplastea" family="Trypanosomatidae" genus="Trypanosoma" kingdom="Protozoa" order="Trypanosomatida" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" phylum="Euglenozoa" rank="species" species="cruzi">
<emphasis id="7DFE6261FF98FFE7F500B1F8452AFF2C" box="[807,875,233,254]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">T. cruzi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
transmission by this species to a woman was reported in
<collectingRegion id="8D4E7091FF98FFE7F564B01B45FAFECD" box="[835,955,266,287]" country="Brazil" name="Ceara" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">Ceará State</collectingRegion>
(
<bibRefCitation id="2B1BC382FF98FFE7F5EFB01B4220FECD" author="Diotaiuti, L" box="[968,1121,266,287]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" pagination="24 - 39" refId="ref15622" refString="Diotaiuti, L (2009) &quot; Triatomine - Vector of Trypanosoma cruzi Infection &quot;. In: Teixeira A, Vinaud M (Eds) Emerging Chagas Diseases. Bentham Sciences, Sharjah, 24 - 39." type="book chapter" year="2009">Diotaiuti 2009</bibRefCitation>
). So, this species is becoming more important as a vector at recent years.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="4F35BE73FF98FFE7F542B05C43D6FD99" blockId="13.[807,1431,199,587]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">
Remarks. This species is morphologically very similar to
<taxonomicName id="888AC5F0FF98FFE7F564B07F45F7FE51" baseAuthorityName="Erichson" baseAuthorityYear="1848" box="[835,950,366,387]" class="Insecta" family="Reduviidae" genus="Triatoma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="maculata">
<emphasis id="7DFE6261FF98FFE7F564B07F45F7FE51" box="[835,950,366,387]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">T. maculata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, both being regarded as the same species until 1964 (
<bibRefCitation id="2B1BC382FF98FFE7F54FB09E42DBFE76" author="Lent H &amp; Wygodzinsky P" box="[872,1178,399,420]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" pagination="123 - 520" refId="ref17898" refString="Lent H, Wygodzinsky P (1979) Revision of the Triatominae (Hemiptera, Reduviidae), and their significance as vectors of Chagas disease. Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History 163: 123 - 520. https: // www. biodiversitylibrary. org / bibliography / 89400" type="journal article" year="1979">Lent and Wygodzinsky 1979</bibRefCitation>
).
<bibRefCitation id="2B1BC382FF98FFE7F28AB09E43D2FE76" author="Belisario CJ &amp; Pessoa GCD &amp; Diotaiuti L" box="[1197,1427,399,420]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" pagination="517 - 521" refId="ref12158" refString="Belisario CJ, Pessoa GCD, Diotaiuti L (2007) Biological aspects of crosses between Triatoma maculata Erichson, 1848 and Triatoma pseudomaculata Correa &amp; EspInola, 1964 (Hemiptera: Reduviidae). Memorias do Instituto Oswaldo Cruz 102: 517 - 521. https: // doi. org / 10.1590 / S 0074 - 02762007005000029" type="journal article" year="2007">Belisário et al. (2007)</bibRefCitation>
showed no differences in reproduction patterns, and they are able to cross, generating infertile hybrids. However, in the same year,
<bibRefCitation id="2B1BC382FF98FFE7F5E3B0E242C8FDDA" author="Santos SM &amp; Lopes CM &amp; Dujardin JP &amp; Panzera F &amp; Perez R &amp; Carbajal-de-la-Fuente AL" box="[964,1161,499,520]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" pagination="469 - 475" refId="ref21755" refString="Santos SM, Lopes CM, Dujardin JP, Panzera F, Perez R, Carbajal-de-la-Fuente AL, et al. (2007) Evolutionary relationships based on genetic and phenetic characters between Triatoma maculata, Triatoma pseudomaculata and morphologically related species (Reduviidae: Triatominae). Infection, Genetics and Evolution 7: 469 - 475. https: // doi. org / 10.1016 / j. meegid. 2007.01.008" type="journal article" year="2007">Santos et al. (2007)</bibRefCitation>
performed an enzymatic, morphometric and cytogenetic comparison of them and stat- ed that both species belong to distinct evolutionary lineages.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
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