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<document ID-CLB-Dataset="286108" ID-DOI="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.237.107403" ID-GBIF-Dataset="5b964a91-cc21-4207-834b-4e58328b170b" ID-PMC="PMC10825970" ID-Pensoft-Pub="1314-2003-237-117" ID-Pensoft-UUID="E83187568AE656599FC7BAD367BAE328" ID-PubMed="38292077" ModsDocID="1314-2003-237-117" checkinTime="1705976594792" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Walter, Helmut E., Cadiz-Veliz, Aron, Merino, Beatriz M., Villalobos-Barrantes, Heidy M. &amp; Guerrero, Pablo C." docDate="2024" docId="C682E3CA61435F919B814B36442F8D5C" docLanguage="en" docName="PhytoKeys 237: 117-139" docOrigin="PhytoKeys 237" docPubDate="2024-01-22" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.237.107403" docTitle="Eriosyce curvispina (Bertero ex Colla) Katt." docType="treatment" docVersion="4" id="E83187568AE656599FC7BAD367BAE328" lastPageNumber="117" masterDocId="E83187568AE656599FC7BAD367BAE328" masterDocTitle="Taxonomic dissection based on molecular evidence of the Eriosyce curvispina complex (Cactaceae): identifying nine endemic species from Central Chile" masterLastPageNumber="139" masterPageNumber="117" pageNumber="117" updateTime="1732674333680" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
<mods:mods id="9D73EB7DC0409859B400C9B960899637" xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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<mods:title id="0949889250CCA49EA8EFD23688898CE6">Taxonomic dissection based on molecular evidence of the Eriosyce curvispina complex (Cactaceae): identifying nine endemic species from Central Chile</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="F56FAC3075F6BF1CE773ACDD8F63998E">Walter, Helmut E.</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="CF1964A09FC228BC069A50CE5D44FA0F">The EXSIS Project: Cactaceae Ex-Situ &amp; In-Situ Conservation, 31860 Emmerthal, Germany</mods:affiliation>
</mods:name>
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<mods:namePart id="A02E5E6D69BEE95D49DAB3A2034F2A22">Cadiz-Veliz, Aron</mods:namePart>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="35EDA86ACFB6D4DEE79FC2CF0C3E5876" type="ORCID">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7548-1764</mods:nameIdentifier>
<mods:affiliation id="C4793D604C6E3E2B5349BE1E7EFF387B">Departamento de Botanica, Facultad de Ciencias Naturales y Oceanograficas, Universidad de Concepcion, Casilla 160 C, 4030000, Concepcion, Chile &amp; Institute of Ecology and Biodiversity (IEB), Concepcion, Chile &amp; Millennium Institute Biodiversity of Antarctic and Sub-Antarctic Ecosystems (BASE), Concepcion, Chile</mods:affiliation>
</mods:name>
<mods:name id="486E6835BC8786C7079D27C3FB7CE40E" type="personal">
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<mods:namePart id="2DE80FD209F8423AA758476B94A8C794">Merino, Beatriz M.</mods:namePart>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="74A6102BC337950B0C8095E3D9A2CD1A" type="ORCID">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9518-2331</mods:nameIdentifier>
<mods:affiliation id="D2F807FD35D94B3ACD919D3FF0F515A6">Departamento de Botanica, Facultad de Ciencias Naturales y Oceanograficas, Universidad de Concepcion, Casilla 160 C, 4030000, Concepcion, Chile &amp; Institute of Ecology and Biodiversity (IEB), Concepcion, Chile</mods:affiliation>
</mods:name>
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<mods:roleTerm id="D6CB342B24A3CE7056F81BB327017D15">Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart id="725575E8C0CA0AA407B7DC2C5EE26677">Villalobos-Barrantes, Heidy M.</mods:namePart>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="F7E146F3ED32B3E74BD2148003F65EE1" type="ORCID">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3657-4439</mods:nameIdentifier>
<mods:affiliation id="B5180717538A5C0366ABFAE127D3F2A8">Departamento de Botanica, Facultad de Ciencias Naturales y Oceanograficas, Universidad de Concepcion, Casilla 160 C, 4030000, Concepcion, Chile &amp; Escuela de Quimica, Universidad de Costa Rica, CP 11501 - 2060, San Jose, Costa Rica</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="48FDF862A34E237725029498786A6D0B">Guerrero, Pablo C.</mods:namePart>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="860D9EB61444CEEB46E3BD988CDC98EC" type="ORCID">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1034-1899</mods:nameIdentifier>
<mods:affiliation id="6031AEDBE35195E606F36A1906B56A61">Departamento de Botanica, Facultad de Ciencias Naturales y Oceanograficas, Universidad de Concepcion, Casilla 160 C, 4030000, Concepcion, Chile &amp; Institute of Ecology and Biodiversity (IEB), Concepcion, Chile &amp; Millennium Institute Biodiversity of Antarctic and Sub-Antarctic Ecosystems (BASE), Concepcion, Chile</mods:affiliation>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="9D539619CBEFCE93DD70785AF31B04AE" type="email">pabloguerrero@udec.cl</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:typeOfResource id="1C54220581F2C8997DFC647370D85B86">text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:title id="A64B315DC304490040E2AF0F96220A80">PhytoKeys</mods:title>
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<mods:part id="0F88245AB837914B203E16DAE37527C5">
<mods:date id="2F1F9C0FFCB1E4D6C61456D6C086DDBA">2024</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="77F7FEBB86C875992998486C4EC4A5DB">2024-01-22</mods:number>
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<mods:number id="BA86E9FD644EAC99016DCD60185E69F4">237</mods:number>
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<mods:url id="68B98BE612B72CB58571EAAC3BFFCAF8">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.237.107403</mods:url>
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<mods:classification id="7659A4230672A75755D5C73E453F11AA">journal article</mods:classification>
<mods:identifier id="EFBD72A163AE657344DC3092FE850766" type="DOI">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.237.107403</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="6DA94DDFE18358719B9372ED6E0DC2DB" type="Pensoft-Pub">1314-2003-237-117</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="C682E3CA61435F919B814B36442F8D5C" ID-GBIF-Taxon="220868173" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:C682E3CA61435F919B814B36442F8D5C" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/C682E3CA61435F919B814B36442F8D5C" lastPageNumber="117" pageId="0" pageNumber="117" scope_family="Cactaceae">
<subSubSection id="C9983C5C5C9200AB2F9F73829A965BC2" pageId="0" pageNumber="117" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="3A3A71556BF8BE925640B53D0B9A35BD" pageId="0" pageNumber="117">
4.
<taxonomicName id="841B229C34F1CB6016CD4904EE43993E" ID-CoL="3B6VB" LSID="C682E3CA-6143-5F91-9B81-4B36442F8D5C" authority="(Bertero ex Colla) Katt." authorityName="(Bertero ex Colla) Katt." class="Magnoliopsida" family="Cactaceae" genus="Eriosyce" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Eriosyce curvispina" order="Caryophyllales" pageId="0" pageNumber="117" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="curvispina">Eriosyce curvispina (Bertero ex Colla) Katt.</taxonomicName>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="6C4EE5C84127C19B4A89A29799D17D51" pageId="0" pageNumber="117" type="reference_group">
<paragraph id="809C01EA2D442E7EA6AC5ADDAD62773C" pageId="0" pageNumber="117">
<taxonomicName id="24C2B961358E4242DD37B48DB4971CCD" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Cactaceae" genus="Cactus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Cactus curvispinus" order="Caryophyllales" pageId="0" pageNumber="117" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="curvispinus">Cactus curvispinus</taxonomicName>
Bertero ex Colla in Mem. Reale Accad. Sci. Torino 37: 76. 1834 syn. sec.
<bibRefCitation id="174BF31D19920384416B24C10FA7EBDE" author="Hunt, D" journalOrPublisher="Royal Botanic Gardens Kew, Richmond" pageId="0" pageNumber="117" refId="B19" refString="Hunt, D, Taylor, N, Charles, G, 2006. The new Cactus Lexicon (1st ed., 2 vols). DH Books, Milborne Port." title="The new Cactus Lexicon (1 st ed., 2 vols). DH Books, Milborne Port." year="2006">Hunt et al. (2006)</bibRefCitation>
. Basyonym.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="AEBF04CAA9DB275E85BD4F3254BE9248" pageId="0" pageNumber="117">
<taxonomicName id="C331C30A709A3545173ED8914CE0E4F2" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Cactaceae" genus="Cactus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Cactus curvispinus" order="Caryophyllales" pageId="0" pageNumber="117" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="curvispinus">≡ Cactus curvispinus</taxonomicName>
Bertero ex Colla in Mem. Reale Accad. Sci. Torino 37: 76. 1834 syn. sec.
<bibRefCitation id="56DF0E53FCD989DEAF0DE219FD3E1F5B" author="Hunt, D" journalOrPublisher="Royal Botanic Gardens Kew, Richmond" pageId="0" pageNumber="117" refId="B19" refString="Hunt, D, Taylor, N, Charles, G, 2006. The new Cactus Lexicon (1st ed., 2 vols). DH Books, Milborne Port." title="The new Cactus Lexicon (1 st ed., 2 vols). DH Books, Milborne Port." year="2006">Hunt et al. (2006)</bibRefCitation>
≡
<taxonomicName id="E8935C9DCF5AB01C92908034F6E30765" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Cactaceae" genus="Echinocactus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Echinocactus curvispinus" order="Caryophyllales" pageId="0" pageNumber="117" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="curvispinus">Echinocactus curvispinus</taxonomicName>
(Bertero ex Colla) Gay, Fl. Chil. 3: 16. 1848 syn. sec. Kew
<bibRefCitation id="01A7594F746DF7A62EF80066CF4131E5" author="Walter, HE" journalOrPublisher="Phytotaxa" pageId="0" pageNumber="117" publicationUrl="https://powo.science.kew.org/about-wcvp" refId="B34" refString="2019. . https://powo.science.kew.org/about-wcvp" url="https://powo.science.kew.org/about-wcvp" year="2019">WCVP (2019)</bibRefCitation>
≡
<taxonomicName id="F4FBA9A1D1D8DD5D7B7910852689AC00" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Cactaceae" genus="Malacocarpus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Malacocarpus curvispinus" order="Caryophyllales" pageId="0" pageNumber="117" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="curvispinus">Malacocarpus curvispinus</taxonomicName>
(Bertero ex Colla) Britton &amp; Rose,
<taxonomicName id="F2B46291F61D7E8DD4370202508BCA20" authorityName="Walter &amp; Cádiz-Véliz &amp; Meriño &amp; Villalobos-Barrantes &amp; Guerrero" authorityYear="2024" baseAuthorityName="Walter &amp; Cádiz-Véliz &amp; Meriño &amp; Villalobos-Barrantes &amp; Guerrero" baseAuthorityYear="2024" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Cactaceae" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="" order="Caryophyllales" pageId="0" pageNumber="117" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="family">Cactaceae</taxonomicName>
3: 203. 1922 syn. sec. Kew
<bibRefCitation id="BF9B036657759A373D1D21251076BC0E" author="Walter, HE" journalOrPublisher="Phytotaxa" pageId="0" pageNumber="117" publicationUrl="https://powo.science.kew.org/about-wcvp" refId="B34" refString="2019. . https://powo.science.kew.org/about-wcvp" url="https://powo.science.kew.org/about-wcvp" year="2019">WCVP (2019)</bibRefCitation>
≡
<taxonomicName id="641D9136665011B405CAEFC0485E95A7" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Cactaceae" genus="Pyrrhocactus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Pyrrhocactus curvispinus" order="Caryophyllales" pageId="0" pageNumber="117" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="curvispinus">Pyrrhocactus curvispinus</taxonomicName>
(Bertero ex Colla) A.Berger, Kakteen: 345. 1929 syn. sec. Kew
<bibRefCitation id="9D0A4B2AA8804DEAA2FFF92377F0D5B5" author="Walter, HE" journalOrPublisher="Phytotaxa" pageId="0" pageNumber="117" publicationUrl="https://powo.science.kew.org/about-wcvp" refId="B34" refString="2019. . https://powo.science.kew.org/about-wcvp" url="https://powo.science.kew.org/about-wcvp" year="2019">WCVP (2019)</bibRefCitation>
≡
<taxonomicName id="1896741538FAE240D64E083E45395339" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Cactaceae" genus="Horridocactus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Horridocactus curvispinus" order="Caryophyllales" pageId="0" pageNumber="117" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="curvispinus">Horridocactus curvispinus</taxonomicName>
(Bertero ex Colla) Backeb. in Kakteenkunde 1940: 51. 1940 syn. sec. Kew
<bibRefCitation id="83E5EBE14DB8CE0FBE80D52ADA4BB542" author="Walter, HE" journalOrPublisher="Phytotaxa" pageId="0" pageNumber="117" publicationUrl="https://powo.science.kew.org/about-wcvp" refId="B34" refString="2019. . https://powo.science.kew.org/about-wcvp" url="https://powo.science.kew.org/about-wcvp" year="2019">WCVP (2019)</bibRefCitation>
≡
<taxonomicName id="2D5632C61F9A0E86BC6016FFD2D1EDF7" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Cactaceae" genus="Hildmannia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Hildmannia curvispina" order="Caryophyllales" pageId="0" pageNumber="117" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="curvispina">Hildmannia curvispina</taxonomicName>
(Bertero ex Colla) Kreuz. &amp; Buining in Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. 50: 207. 1941 syn. sec. Kew
<bibRefCitation id="7EFB97201D93250F2A92CE31C7601524" author="Walter, HE" journalOrPublisher="Phytotaxa" pageId="0" pageNumber="117" publicationUrl="https://powo.science.kew.org/about-wcvp" refId="B34" refString="2019. . https://powo.science.kew.org/about-wcvp" url="https://powo.science.kew.org/about-wcvp" year="2019">WCVP (2019)</bibRefCitation>
≡
<taxonomicName id="D9A82BC567DF6586DA8696484083F6D0" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Cactaceae" genus="Neoporteria" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Neoporteria curvispina" order="Caryophyllales" pageId="0" pageNumber="117" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="curvispina">Neoporteria curvispina</taxonomicName>
(Bertero ex Colla) Donald &amp; G.D.Rowley in Cact. Succ. J. Gr. Brit. 28: 55. 1966 syn. sec. Kew
<bibRefCitation id="A3ABDB076CDAAC562A63F0B79EB35127" author="Walter, HE" journalOrPublisher="Phytotaxa" pageId="0" pageNumber="117" publicationUrl="https://powo.science.kew.org/about-wcvp" refId="B34" refString="2019. . https://powo.science.kew.org/about-wcvp" url="https://powo.science.kew.org/about-wcvp" year="2019">WCVP (2019)</bibRefCitation>
<taxonomicName id="A31F32A6D97A28B4F244F6DC674A782B" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Cactaceae" genus="Neoporteria" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Neoporteria curvispina" order="Caryophyllales" pageId="0" pageNumber="117" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="curvispina">Neoporteria curvispina</taxonomicName>
(Bertero ex Colla) Don. &amp; Rowl., Cact. Succ. J. (GB) 28: 55. 1966;
<taxonomicName id="C028A0571BC3C8F9B9C0427C1BA103C4" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Cactaceae" genus="Pyrrhocactus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Pyrrhocactus curvispinus subsp. var. var. mostazalensis" order="Caryophyllales" pageId="0" pageNumber="117" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="variety" species="curvispinus" subSpecies="var." variety="mostazalensis">Pyrrhocactus curvispinus var. mostazalensis</taxonomicName>
F.Ritter, Kakt. Sudam. 3: 932. 1980 (nom. inval., Art. 34.1, 37.1);
<taxonomicName id="4F4E22EDFA6EE22A08478644D7C5E5A8" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Cactaceae" genus="Pyrrhocactus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Pyrrhocactus curvispinus subsp. var. var. australis" order="Caryophyllales" pageId="0" pageNumber="117" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="variety" species="curvispinus" subSpecies="var." variety="australis">Pyrrhocactus curvispinus var. australis</taxonomicName>
F. Ritter, Kakt. Sudam. 3:932. 1980 (nom. inval., Art. 34.1, 37.1).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="01260E7D2DAAB31F70EBCCC325695BA8" pageId="0" pageNumber="117" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="C9EDA3CDD76526295BBFBF7773F57FF1" pageId="0" pageNumber="117">
<typeStatus id="4F037C214CD3F9B7B40DE8B8C653B002">Type</typeStatus>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="0E2E0409C1C4E6EB804AABC4C3C56AFF" pageId="0" pageNumber="117">
<materialsCitation id="1CCE72E718E0B77AAC2A1D39998EDA82" collectingDate="2024-01-01" collectingDateMax="2024-12-31" collectingDateMin="2024-01-01" collectorName="Colla, I." country="Chile" location="Southern America" municipality="Higgins Region" specimenCount="1" typeStatus="Neotype">
<collectingCountry id="5EFD6E6C981C2FB31FBE92768C5847D1" name="Chile">Chile</collectingCountry>
,
<location id="A6A39C9D9EDAE6E9FA1B3B7C9B3935A3" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:C682E3CA61435F919B814B36442F8D5C:A6A39C9D9EDAE6E9FA1B3B7C9B3935A3" country="Chile" municipality="Higgins Region" name="Southern America">Southern America</location>
,
<normalizedToken id="7C1B28450B6E0FD93684430474A46A9E" originalValue="O’">O'</normalizedToken>
<collectingMunicipality id="908BABEDFF59F64F99B03764F1B2E6F7">Higgins Region</collectingMunicipality>
, Cachapoal (Locotypus).
<typeStatus id="69722B30C3C19DB05889C6ED093FD3B1" type="neotype">Neotype</typeStatus>
(designated by F.
<bibRefCitation id="088BCA69CB58994FFB2DFB2FB66848C5" author="Kattermann, F" journalOrPublisher="Privately published by David Hunt, Richmond" pageId="0" pageNumber="117" refId="B21" refString="Kattermann, F, 1994. Eriosyce (Cactaceae): The Genus Revised and Amplified. Succulent Plant Research 1. Privately published by David Hunt, Richmond" title="Eriosyce (Cactaceae): The Genus Revised and Amplified. Succulent Plant Research 1." year="1994">Kattermann 1994</bibRefCitation>
):
<collectorName id="0583F2230AE8EB274FEEB8F1B026B705">Colla, I.</collectorName>
c.t. 16.2. [132]
</materialsCitation>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="7D3E88267E1FC7B9E7B10AC6E9E772F8" pageId="0" pageNumber="117" type="iconography">
<paragraph id="63E46DCB8B38DB0DACC3BDC2B5F653E9" pageId="0" pageNumber="117">Iconography.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="535AD0E216B6588145724D71B8D93F2B" pageId="0" pageNumber="117">F. Kattermann, Succ. Pl. Res. 1, Pl. 6.5 and 6.6. 1994.</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="BF07592BA9BBB6FF06377921191FC24B" pageId="0" pageNumber="117" type="morphological notes">
<paragraph id="FAF9299C9113E8F96AC8160815AE2F1C" pageId="0" pageNumber="117">Morphological notes.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="6AB8CADE26FBAACA8A3C446579CB0878" pageId="0" pageNumber="117">
Stems dark green, subglobose to globose, not elongating with age; 8-12 cm diameter Roots fascicular. Ribs 14-16, well pronounced, 1-1.5 cm high, notched below areoles, tubercles chinned. Areoles with short wool, oval, 6
<normalizedToken id="ADA5AECF12C63025A7D7F5EAD801AD35" originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
4 mm, 6 mm apart. Spines horn-coloured, turning grey, acicular, curved; 10-12 radials, curved sideward, 1-2 cm; 1-4 centrals, strongly curved upward, 2-2.5 cm. Flowers diurnal, funnel-form, 5 cm; pericarpel and hypanthium with small bract scales, axils with inconspicuous wool, upper ones with short fine bristles; perianth segments lanceolate, 6 mm wide, yellowish with a reddish mid-stripe of different width; nectary tubular; style reddish, stigma lobes yellow to pale red; ovary isodiametric to elongate. Fruits covered as for the flower, short barrel-shape, 1.5-2 cm, reddish to red brown; perianth remnant attachment area large, basal pore large; fruit wall thick. Seeds oval, 1.3
<normalizedToken id="021E81F0A1FAA6AC540EE9ADB755A88E" originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
1.2 mm; testa blackish brownish, evenly tuberculate, not ribbed, cells high domed; hilum narrow oval; position oblique; micropyle in a groove.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="34B2F60D06CDC129E9B93C4CCF198967" pageId="0" pageNumber="117" type="distribution">
<paragraph id="52979FE471B7964587FBB9E2B3BAB606" pageId="0" pageNumber="117">Distribution.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="DD1CCDA43BC40F6F26628DF98F0344B1" pageId="0" pageNumber="117">
The endemic species occurs from the Rio Maipo Valley (
<geoCoordinate id="3B56ED4ACE5B4CAF9381BF2663929CD4" degrees="34" direction="south" orientation="latitude" precision="55555" value="-34.0">34°S</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="EBA09EE086CB5ECDBC4E3AA548CA7549" degrees="70" direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="55555" value="-70.0">70°W</geoCoordinate>
) to the Rio Maule Valley (
<geoCoordinate id="87710EF1BA1BDBD8361A6ED84AD889EE" degrees="36" direction="south" orientation="latitude" precision="55555" value="-36.0">36°S</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="1B42A10FC82CA9AE8E1530A6F2F02398" degrees="70" direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="55555" value="-70.0">70°W</geoCoordinate>
) at strictly inland habitats between 1000 and 2000 m.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="230B8BA22E044F557C9456F7E6FFF7D5" pageId="0" pageNumber="117" type="conservation status">
<paragraph id="B74E752C9E2B148CCB2F665FD7ABFE3F" pageId="0" pageNumber="117">Conservation status.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="9477BB9BFB13AC6857AE1117D071C62D" pageId="0" pageNumber="117">
The Extent of Occurrence (EOO) of
<taxonomicName id="FE8A855F29EC5829902B84323CE5255F" lsidName="E. curvispina" pageId="0" pageNumber="117" rank="species" species="curvispina">
<emphasis id="DEBE4588B7B7CC353501E4EE16D63DE5" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="117">E. curvispina</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is estimated at &lt;20,000 km2, with its populations severely fragmented due to landscape anthropization. There has been an estimated decrease in population size and the number of localities. Additionally, there has been a loss of habitat quality due to urban expansion, mining activities, forest fires, agriculture, livestock, and stump removal. We propose to classify the species as Vulnerable (VU) according to criteria B1ab(i,iii,iv).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>
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