390 lines
26 KiB
XML
390 lines
26 KiB
XML
<document ID-DOI="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1013.55600" ID-GBIF-Dataset="a967c90e-ea10-4a10-b43b-cd5328a1d6e6" ID-PMC="PMC8390796" ID-Pensoft-Pub="1313-2970-1013-1" ID-Pensoft-UUID="E4329863A39E5EEBA395938413BDD579" ID-PubMed="34512087" ID-ZooBank="CFDCEFBB523040339D46E302F66E9886" ModsDocID="1313-2970-1013-1" checkinTime="1612290696301" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Sharkey, Michael J., Janzen, Daniel H., Hallwachs, Winnie, Chapman, Eric G., Smith, M. Alex, Dapkey, Tanya, Brown, Allison, Ratnasingham, Sujeevan, Naik, Suresh, Manjunath, Ramya, Perez, Kate, Milton, Megan, Hebert, Paul, Shaw, Scott R., Kittel, Rebecca N., Solis, M. Alma, Metz, Mark A., Goldstein, Paul Z., Brown, John W., Quicke, Donald L. J., Achterberg, C. van, Brown, Brian V. & Burns, John M." docDate="2021" docId="C569A7506A999E6AF59364065AF1133E" docLanguage="en" docName="ZooKeys 1013: 1-665" docOrigin="ZooKeys 1013" docPubDate="2021-02-02" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1013.55600" docTitle="Bioalfa Sharkey 2021, gen. nov." docType="treatment" docUuid="57F76CD5-303D-45E8-AEF4-FA7D41E48B29" docUuidSource="ZooBank" docVersion="4" id="E4329863A39E5EEBA395938413BDD579" lastPageNumber="1" masterDocId="E4329863A39E5EEBA395938413BDD579" masterDocTitle="Minimalist revision and description of 403 new species in 11 subfamilies of Costa Rican braconid parasitoid wasps, including host records for 219 species" masterLastPageNumber="665" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="1" updateTime="1668149748640" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:mods xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>Minimalist revision and description of 403 new species in 11 subfamilies of Costa Rican braconid parasitoid wasps, including host records for 219 species</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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<mods:namePart>Sharkey, Michael J.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:nameIdentifier type="ORCID">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6201-7340</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:affiliation>The Hymenoptera Institute, 116 Franklin Ave., Redlands, CA, 92373, USA</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:nameIdentifier type="email">msharkey@uky.edu</mods:nameIdentifier>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Janzen, Daniel H.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation>Department of Biology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104 - 6018, USA</mods:affiliation>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Hallwachs, Winnie</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation>Department of Biology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104 - 6018, USA</mods:affiliation>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Chapman, Eric G.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation>Department of Entomology, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40546 - 0091, USA</mods:affiliation>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Smith, M. Alex</mods:namePart>
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<mods:nameIdentifier type="ORCID">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8650-2575</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:affiliation>Department of Integrative Biology, University of Guelph and Biodiversity Institute of Ontario, Guelph, Canada</mods:affiliation>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Dapkey, Tanya</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation>Academy of Natural Sciences, 1900 Benjamin Franklin Parkway, Philadelphia, PA 19103, USA</mods:affiliation>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Brown, Allison</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation>Academy of Natural Sciences, 1900 Benjamin Franklin Parkway, Philadelphia, PA 19103, USA</mods:affiliation>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Ratnasingham, Sujeevan</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation>Academy of Natural Sciences, 1900 Benjamin Franklin Parkway, Philadelphia, PA 19103, USA</mods:affiliation>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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<mods:namePart>Naik, Suresh</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation>Academy of Natural Sciences, 1900 Benjamin Franklin Parkway, Philadelphia, PA 19103, USA</mods:affiliation>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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<mods:namePart>Manjunath, Ramya</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation>Academy of Natural Sciences, 1900 Benjamin Franklin Parkway, Philadelphia, PA 19103, USA</mods:affiliation>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Perez, Kate</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation>Academy of Natural Sciences, 1900 Benjamin Franklin Parkway, Philadelphia, PA 19103, USA</mods:affiliation>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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<mods:namePart>Milton, Megan</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation>Academy of Natural Sciences, 1900 Benjamin Franklin Parkway, Philadelphia, PA 19103, USA</mods:affiliation>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Hebert, Paul</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation>Academy of Natural Sciences, 1900 Benjamin Franklin Parkway, Philadelphia, PA 19103, USA</mods:affiliation>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Shaw, Scott R.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation>Department of Ecosystem Science, University of Wyoming, 1000 East University Avenue, Laramie, Wyoming 82071, USA</mods:affiliation>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Kittel, Rebecca N.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:nameIdentifier type="ORCID">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0032-5764</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:affiliation>Museum Wiesbaden, Hessisches Landesmuseum fuer Kunst und Natur, Friedrich-Ebert-Allee 2, 65185 Wiesbaden, Germany</mods:affiliation>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Solis, M. Alma</mods:namePart>
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<mods:nameIdentifier type="ORCID">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6379-1004</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:affiliation>Systematic Entomology Laboratory, Beltsville Agriculture Research Center, Agricultural Research Service, U. S. Department of Agriculture, c / o National Museum Natural History, MRC 168, Smithsonian Institution, P. O. Box 37012, Washington, DC, 20013 - 7012, USA</mods:affiliation>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Metz, Mark A.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation>Systematic Entomology Laboratory, Beltsville Agriculture Research Center, Agricultural Research Service, U. S. Department of Agriculture, c / o National Museum Natural History, MRC 168, Smithsonian Institution, P. O. Box 37012, Washington, DC, 20013 - 7012, USA</mods:affiliation>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Goldstein, Paul Z.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation>Systematic Entomology Laboratory, Beltsville Agriculture Research Center, Agricultural Research Service, U. S. Department of Agriculture, c / o National Museum Natural History, MRC 168, Smithsonian Institution, P. O. Box 37012, Washington, DC, 20013 - 7012, USA</mods:affiliation>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Brown, John W.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation>Division of Entomology, PO Box 37012 12. National Museum of Natural History E 515 MRC 127, Washington, DC 20013 - 7012, USA</mods:affiliation>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Quicke, Donald L. J.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation>Department of Biology, Faculty of Life Sciences, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand</mods:affiliation>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Achterberg, C. van</mods:namePart>
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<mods:nameIdentifier type="ORCID">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6495-4853</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:affiliation>Naturalis Biodiversity Center, Postbus 9517, 2300 RA Leiden, The Netherlands</mods:affiliation>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Brown, Brian V.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:nameIdentifier type="ORCID">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6367-6057</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:affiliation>Department of Entomology, Natural History Museum of Los Angeles County, 900 Exposition Boulevard, Los Angeles, CA, 90007, USA</mods:affiliation>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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||
</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Burns, John M.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation>Division of Entomology, PO Box 37012 12. National Museum of Natural History E 515 MRC 127, Washington, DC 20013 - 7012, USA</mods:affiliation>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:typeOfResource>text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:relatedItem type="host">
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>ZooKeys</mods:title>
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||
</mods:titleInfo>
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||
<mods:part>
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||
<mods:date>2021</mods:date>
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||
<mods:detail type="pubDate">
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||
<mods:number>2021-02-02</mods:number>
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||
</mods:detail>
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||
<mods:detail type="volume">
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||
<mods:number>1013</mods:number>
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||
</mods:detail>
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||
<mods:extent unit="page">
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||
<mods:start>1</mods:start>
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<mods:end>665</mods:end>
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</mods:extent>
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</mods:part>
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</mods:relatedItem>
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<mods:location>
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<mods:url>http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1013.55600</mods:url>
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||
</mods:location>
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||
<mods:classification>journal article</mods:classification>
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||
<mods:identifier type="DOI">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1013.55600</mods:identifier>
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||
<mods:identifier type="Pensoft-Pub">1313-2970-1013-1</mods:identifier>
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||
<mods:identifier type="ZooBank">CFDCEFBB523040339D46E302F66E9886</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="Pensoft-UUID">E4329863A39E5EEBA395938413BDD579</mods:identifier>
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</mods:mods>
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<treatment ID-GBIF-Taxon="177205669" LSID="urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:57F76CD5-303D-45E8-AEF4-FA7D41E48B29" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/C569A7506A999E6AF59364065AF1133E" lastPageNumber="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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<taxonomicName LSID="http://zoobank.org/57F76CD5-303D-45E8-AEF4-FA7D41E48B29" authority="Sharkey" authorityName="Sharkey" authorityYear="2021" class="Insecta" family="Braconidae" genus="Bioalfa" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Bioalfa" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus" status="gen. nov.">Bioalfa Sharkey</taxonomicName>
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<taxonomicNameLabel pageId="0" pageNumber="1">gen. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 366" captionStartId="F366" captionText="Figure 366. Bioalfa pedroleoni A, B, D-H holotype C paratype A lateral habitus B lateral habitus C wings D anterior head E dorsal head, mesosoma and terga 1 - 2 F tarsal claw G dorsal metasoma H hind tibial spurs." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1013.55600.figure366" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/503821" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Figures 366</figureCitation>
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 367" captionStartId="F367" captionText="Figure 367. Bioalfa alvarougaldei holotype A lateral head and mesosoma B lateral metasoma C wings D anterior head E lateral habitus F dorsal head and mesosoma G tarsal claw H hind tibial spurs I apex of hind tibia J metasomal terga 1 and 2 K apex of metasoma, dorsal view." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1013.55600.figure367" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/503822" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">, 367</figureCitation>
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 368" captionStartId="F368" captionText="Figure 368. Bioalfa rodrigogamezi: A lateral habitus, arrows point to maxillary and labial palpi B lateral habitus C forewing." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1013.55600.figure368" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/503823" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">, 368</figureCitation>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="type species">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Type species.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Sharkey" authorityYear="2021" class="Insecta" family="Braconidae" genus="Bioalfa" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Bioalfa pedroleoni" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pedroleoni">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Bioalfa pedroleoni</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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Sharkey, sp. nov.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="description">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Description.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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Female:
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Head</emphasis>
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</emphasis>
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. Antenna length approximately 1.5
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<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
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forewing length, with ca. 48 flagellomeres. Terminal flagellomere acuminate apically. Median flagellomeres transverse, ca. 2
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<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
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as long as wide. Face with oblique and transverse striation. Clypeus shallow, not protruding. Malar suture absent. Eye glabrous, large, and deeply emarginate, occupying entire height of head resulting in very small malar space. Eye strongly emarginated opposite antennal socket. Anterior tentorial pit large, very close to eye. Maxillary palp with six segments, all slender in female. Occipital carina complete dorsally, without dorsolateral posterior bulge, connecting to hypostomal carina ventrally.
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<emphasis bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Mesosoma</emphasis>
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. Smooth and shiny. Notauli deeply impressed, meeting at the midline and 2/3 length of mesonotum; a single weak medial depression continues to the scuto-scutellar suture. Mesoscutal mid-pit absent. Scutellar sulcus wide with single strong mid-longitudinal carina. Epicnemial carina complete. Mesopleuron smooth with mostly widely spaced minute setiferous punctures; precoxal sulcus wide, almost entirely smooth with a few weak transverse carinae at midlength. Median area of metanotum without mid-longitudinal carina. Propodeum with one precurrent median carina or two weak diverging carinae defining a narrow, elongate medial area, otherwise, finely rugose with or without weak posterolateral depressions set off by weak carinae.
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Forewing</emphasis>
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.
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</emphasis>
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Crossvein m-cu weakly-curved, forming a slightly obtuse angle with 1Cub. First submarginal cell evenly setose. Second submarginal cell approximately twice as long as wide. 2RS and r-m not parallel. Crossvein 1cu-a postfurcal. First subdiscal cell rectangular. Subbasal cell evenly setose.
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Hind wing</emphasis>
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.
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</emphasis>
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Vein R short, as long as wide to ca. 2
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<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
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as long as wide. Veins M+Cu and 1-M approximately equal length. Vein RS strongly curved. Vein m-cu absent. Base of hind wing evenly setose. Legs shining, with sparse long setae.
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Legs</emphasis>
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.
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</emphasis>
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Apex of hind tibia with comb of specialized setae medially. Mid and hind tibial spurs strongly curved and glabrous. Claws with squared or slightly acute basal lobe.
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Metasoma</emphasis>
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.
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</emphasis>
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Tergites 1-3 finely longitudinally striate. First metasomal tergite elongate, strongly and angularly widened in front of sub-basal constriction; with dorsal carinae uniting almost immediately and forming a weak carina along midline almost indistinguishable from longitudinal striae. Second metasomal tergite with midlongitudinal carina arising from small, transverse basal triangular area. Tergites 3-5 with sharp lateral crease. Hypopygium large, ventrally moderately to strongly convex. Ovipositor straight or curved ventrally. All four known species have patterned wings and colorful (for
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Forster" authorityYear="1862" lsidName="" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="subFamily" subFamily="Rogadinae">Rogadinae</taxonomicName>
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) bodies, suggesting diurnal activity.
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Male</emphasis>
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: As in the female but with swollen labial and maxillary palpi.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="biology_ecology">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Biology.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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Caterpillar hosts are known for two species, which are both external leaf-feeders in the family
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Leach" authorityYear="1815" class="Insecta" family="Uraniidae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">Uraniidae</taxonomicName>
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.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="distribution">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Distribution.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Neotropical rainforest, Costa Rica, Amazonian Colombia, and Peru.</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="remarks">
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||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Remarks.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
Morphologically, the new genus displays a mixture of character states associated with the
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Baker" authorityYear="1917" class="Insecta" family="Braconidae" genus="Colastomion" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Colastomion" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Colastomion</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
-
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Szepligeti" authorityYear="1904" class="Insecta" family="Braconidae" genus="Cystomastax" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Cystomastax" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Cystomastax</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
group of genera, i.e., the curved, glabrous tibial spurs, and the enlarged hypopygium.
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Sharkey" authorityYear="2021" class="Insecta" family="Braconidae" genus="Bioalfa" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Bioalfa" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Bioalfa</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
differs from all other genera in this group by the presence of squared to slightly acute basal lobes on the tarsal claws. DNA data (Quicke et al. unpublished) place it deeply within the
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Baker" authorityYear="1917" class="Insecta" family="Braconidae" genus="Colastomion" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Colastomion" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Colastomion</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
-
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Szepligeti" authorityYear="1904" class="Insecta" family="Braconidae" genus="Cystomastax" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Cystomastax" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Cystomastax</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
complex and separate from other New World members.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="etymology">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Etymology.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
The new genus
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Sharkey" authorityYear="2021" class="Insecta" family="Braconidae" genus="Bioalfa" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Bioalfa" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Bioalfa</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, from
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="“bioalfabetizacion,”">"bioalfabetizacion,"</normalizedToken>
|
||
is dedicated to Costa
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Rica’s">Rica's</normalizedToken>
|
||
brave and optimistic new concept of creating itself to be bioliterate about all of its wild Eukaryota biodiversity, through the combination of national sweat equity, international collaborations, political willpower, and DNA barcoding (c.f. https://news.mongabay.com/2020/04/bold-project-hopes-to-dna-barcode-every-species-in-costa-rica/ and https://ibol.org/barcodebulletin/features/how-a-tropical-country-can-dna-barcode-itself/).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption doi="10.3897/zookeys.1013.55600.figure366" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/503821" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" start="Figure 366" startId="F366">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Figure 366.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Sharkey" authorityYear="2021" class="Insecta" family="Braconidae" genus="Bioalfa" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Bioalfa pedroleoni" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pedroleoni">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Bioalfa pedroleoni</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">A, B, D-H</emphasis>
|
||
holotype
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">C</emphasis>
|
||
paratype
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">A</emphasis>
|
||
lateral habitus
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">B</emphasis>
|
||
lateral habitus
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">C</emphasis>
|
||
wings
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">D</emphasis>
|
||
anterior head
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">E</emphasis>
|
||
dorsal head, mesosoma and terga 1-2
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">F</emphasis>
|
||
tarsal claw
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">G</emphasis>
|
||
dorsal metasoma
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">H</emphasis>
|
||
hind tibial spurs.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<caption doi="10.3897/zookeys.1013.55600.figure367" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/503822" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" start="Figure 367" startId="F367">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Figure 367.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Sharkey" authorityYear="2021" class="Insecta" family="Braconidae" genus="Bioalfa" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Bioalfa alvarougaldei" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="alvarougaldei">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Bioalfa alvarougaldei</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
holotype
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">A</emphasis>
|
||
lateral head and mesosoma
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">B</emphasis>
|
||
lateral metasoma
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">C</emphasis>
|
||
wings
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">D</emphasis>
|
||
anterior head
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">E</emphasis>
|
||
lateral habitus
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">F</emphasis>
|
||
dorsal head and mesosoma
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">G</emphasis>
|
||
tarsal claw
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">H</emphasis>
|
||
hind tibial spurs
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">I</emphasis>
|
||
apex of hind tibia
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">J</emphasis>
|
||
metasomal terga 1 and 2
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">K</emphasis>
|
||
apex of metasoma, dorsal view.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<caption doi="10.3897/zookeys.1013.55600.figure368" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/503823" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" start="Figure 368" startId="F368">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Figure 368.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Sharkey" authorityYear="2021" class="Insecta" family="Braconidae" genus="Bioalfa" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Bioalfa rodrigogamezi" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="rodrigogamezi">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Bioalfa rodrigogamezi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
:
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">A</emphasis>
|
||
lateral habitus, arrows point to maxillary and labial palpi
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">B</emphasis>
|
||
lateral habitus
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">C</emphasis>
|
||
forewing.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |