287 lines
22 KiB
XML
287 lines
22 KiB
XML
<document ID-DOI="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.739.23675" ID-PMC="PMC5904442" ID-Pensoft-Pub="1313-2970-739-107" ID-Pensoft-UUID="6C66B357503BE27B7070200EFFCDE846" ID-PubMed="29674884" ID-Zenodo-Dep="1222431" ID-ZooBank="D1679384881D4263B885375CA73F141E" ModsDocID="1313-2970-739-107" checkinTime="1519342735240" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Karpinski, Lech, Szczepanski, Wojciech T., Boldgiv, Bazartseren & Walczak, Marcin" docDate="2018" docId="C46DD6D4738A5AB5A76DFA24C2835E8F" docLanguage="en" docName="ZooKeys 739: 107-150" docOrigin="ZooKeys 739" docPubDate="2018-02-22" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.739.23675" docTitle="Eodorcadion carinatum subsp. involvens" docType="treatment" docVersion="3" id="6C66B357503BE27B7070200EFFCDE846" lastPageNumber="119" masterDocId="6C66B357503BE27B7070200EFFCDE846" masterDocTitle="New data on the longhorn beetles of Mongolia with particular emphasis on the genus Eodorcadion Breuning, 1947 (Coleoptera, Cerambycidae)" masterLastPageNumber="150" masterPageNumber="107" pageNumber="119" updateTime="1668165465573" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:mods xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>New data on the longhorn beetles of Mongolia with particular emphasis on the genus Eodorcadion Breuning, 1947 (Coleoptera, Cerambycidae)</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Karpinski, Lech</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation>Department of Zoology, Faculty of Biology and Environmental Protection, University of Silesia, Bankowa 9, 40 - 007 Katowice, Poland</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:nameIdentifier type="email">lechkarpinski@gmail.com</mods:nameIdentifier>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Szczepanski, Wojciech T.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:nameIdentifier type="ORCID">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0858-519X</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:affiliation>Department of Zoology, Faculty of Biology and Environmental Protection, University of Silesia, Bankowa 9, 40 - 007 Katowice, Poland</mods:affiliation>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Boldgiv, Bazartseren</mods:namePart>
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<mods:nameIdentifier type="ORCID">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0015-8142</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:affiliation>Ecology Group, Department of Biology, National University of Mongolia, Ikh Surguuliin Gudamj 1, Ulaanbaatar 14201, Mongolia & Academy of Natural Sciences of Drexel University, Philadelphia, PA 19103, USA</mods:affiliation>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Walczak, Marcin</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation>Department of Zoology, Faculty of Biology and Environmental Protection, University of Silesia, Bankowa 9, 40 - 007 Katowice, Poland</mods:affiliation>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:typeOfResource>text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:relatedItem type="host">
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>ZooKeys</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:part>
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<mods:date>2018</mods:date>
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<mods:detail type="pubDate">
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<mods:number>2018-02-22</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:detail type="volume">
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<mods:number>739</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:extent unit="page">
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<mods:start>107</mods:start>
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<mods:end>150</mods:end>
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</mods:extent>
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</mods:part>
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</mods:relatedItem>
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<mods:location>
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<mods:url>http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.739.23675</mods:url>
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</mods:location>
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<mods:classification>journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier type="DOI">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.739.23675</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="Pensoft-Pub">1313-2970-739-107</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="ZooBank">D1679384881D4263B885375CA73F141E</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="Pensoft-UUID">6C66B357503BE27B7070200EFFCDE846</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="Zenodo-Dep">1222431</mods:identifier>
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</mods:mods>
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<treatment ID-GBIF-Taxon="182230208" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:C46DD6D4738A5AB5A76DFA24C2835E8F" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/C46DD6D4738A5AB5A76DFA24C2835E8F" lastPageNumber="119" pageId="12" pageNumber="119">
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<subSubSection pageId="12" pageNumber="119" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph pageId="12" pageNumber="119">
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<taxonomicName LSID="C46DD6D4-738A-5AB5-A76D-FA24C2835E8F" authority="(Fischer von Waldheim, 1823)" baseAuthorityName="Fischer von Waldheim" baseAuthorityYear="1823" class="Insecta" family="Cerambycidae" genus="Eodorcadion" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Eodorcadion carinatum subsp. involvens" order="Coleoptera" pageId="12" pageNumber="119" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subSpecies" species="carinatum" subSpecies="involvens">Eodorcadion carinatum involvens (Fischer von Waldheim, 1823)</taxonomicName>
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="F3" captionText="Figure 2. Photos of longhorn beetles specimens collected during the expedition to Mongolia in 2015: A Clytus arietoides (female) B Xylotrechus hircus (male) C X. hircus (female) D Eodorcadion humerale impluviatum (male) E E. humerale impluviatum (female) F E. humerale impluviatum (male, Khentey Mountains) G E. humerale impluviatum (female, Khentey Mountains) H Eodorcadion carinatum involvens (male) I E. carinatum involvens (female)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.739.23675.figure2" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/187655" pageId="12" pageNumber="119">Figs 2H, I</figureCitation>
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 10" captionStartId="F11" captionText="Figure 10. Field photos of imagines in nature and habitats of typical Mongolian cerambycid species: A male of Eodorcadion carinatum involvens B female of E. carinatum involvens C female of E. carinatum involvens (white pubescence form) D steppe in Ulaanbaatar environs, the habitat of E. carinatum involvens E xerothermic mountain slopes, the habitat of E. carinatum involvens and Eodorcadion humerale impluviatum F male of Eodorcadion maurum australe G female of E. maurum australe H short grass meadow in Zereg environs, the habitat of E. maurum australe." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.739.23675.figure10" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/187663" pageId="12" pageNumber="119">, 10A-C</figureCitation>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="12" pageNumber="119" type="materials_examined">
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<paragraph pageId="12" pageNumber="119">Material examined.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="12" pageNumber="119">
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<normalizedToken originalValue="Töv">Toev</normalizedToken>
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Aimag:
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<quantity metricMagnitude="4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.0" unit="km" value="60.0">60 km</quantity>
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E of Ulaanbaatar (
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<geoCoordinate degrees="47" direction="north" minutes="52" orientation="latitude" precision="925" value="47.866665">47°52'N</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate degrees="107" direction="east" minutes="39" orientation="longitude" precision="925" value="107.65">107°39'E</geoCoordinate>
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),
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<quantity metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.499" unit="m" value="1499.0">1499 m</quantity>
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a.s.l.,
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<date value="2015-07-30">30 VII 2015</date>
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,
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<specimenCount type="male">29♂♂</specimenCount>
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,
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<specimenCount type="female">13♀♀</specimenCount>
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(
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<specimenCount type="female">5♀♀</specimenCount>
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white pubescence form (Fig.
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 10" captionStartId="F11" captionText="Figure 10. Field photos of imagines in nature and habitats of typical Mongolian cerambycid species: A male of Eodorcadion carinatum involvens B female of E. carinatum involvens C female of E. carinatum involvens (white pubescence form) D steppe in Ulaanbaatar environs, the habitat of E. carinatum involvens E xerothermic mountain slopes, the habitat of E. carinatum involvens and Eodorcadion humerale impluviatum F male of Eodorcadion maurum australe G female of E. maurum australe H short grass meadow in Zereg environs, the habitat of E. maurum australe." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.739.23675.figure10" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/187663" pageId="12" pageNumber="119">10C</figureCitation>
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)), leg. MW;
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<specimenCount type="male">20♂♂</specimenCount>
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,
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<specimenCount type="female">8♀♀</specimenCount>
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(
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<specimenCount type="female">2♀♀</specimenCount>
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white pubescence form), leg. WTS;
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<specimenCount type="male">11♂♂</specimenCount>
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,
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<specimenCount type="female">10♀♀</specimenCount>
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(
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<specimenCount type="female">4♀♀</specimenCount>
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white pubescence form),
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<materialsCitation collectingDate="2018-01-01" collectingDateMax="2018-12-31" collectingDateMin="2018-01-01" latitude="48.216667" location="Ulaanbaatar" longLatPrecision="1111" longitude="107.71667" specimenCount="1">
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leg. LK;
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<quantity metricMagnitude="4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.0" unit="km" value="80.0">80 km</quantity>
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NE of
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<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:C46DD6D4738A5AB5A76DFA24C2835E8F:1FF04A58E55281DAB27C9D9A2EB1D2C4" latitude="48.216667" longLatPrecision="1111" longitude="107.71667" name="Ulaanbaatar">Ulaanbaatar</location>
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(
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<geoCoordinate degrees="48" direction="north" minutes="13" orientation="latitude" precision="925" value="48.216667">48°13'N</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate degrees="107" direction="east" minutes="43" orientation="longitude" precision="925" value="107.71667">107°43'E</geoCoordinate>
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)
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</materialsCitation>
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,
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<quantity metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.778" unit="m" value="1778.0">1778 m</quantity>
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a.s.l.,
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<date value="2015-07-31">31 VII 2015</date>
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,
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<specimenCount type="male">3♂♂</specimenCount>
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,
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<specimenCount type="female">2♀♀</specimenCount>
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, leg. MW;
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<specimenCount type="male">1♂</specimenCount>
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,
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<specimenCount type="female">1♀</specimenCount>
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, leg. WTS;
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<specimenCount type="male">1♂</specimenCount>
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,
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<materialsCitation collectingDate="2018-01-01" collectingDateMax="2018-12-31" collectingDateMin="2018-01-01" latitude="48.9" location="Selenge Aimag" longLatPrecision="1107" longitude="106.71667" specimenCount="1">
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leg. LK;
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<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:C46DD6D4738A5AB5A76DFA24C2835E8F:CAA803B065CEE9F40C469D7B8D22FFEC" latitude="48.9" longLatPrecision="1107" longitude="106.71667" name="Selenge Aimag">Selenge Aimag</location>
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:
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<locationDeviation location="Zuunkharaa">
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<quantity metricMagnitude="4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" unit="km" value="10.0">10 km</quantity>
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NE of Zuunkharaa
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</locationDeviation>
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(
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<geoCoordinate degrees="48" direction="north" minutes="54" orientation="latitude" precision="925" value="48.9">48°54'N</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate degrees="106" direction="east" minutes="43" orientation="longitude" precision="925" value="106.71667">106°43'E</geoCoordinate>
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)
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</materialsCitation>
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,
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<quantity metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="9.99" unit="m" value="999.0">999 m</quantity>
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a.s.l.,
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<date value="2015-08-05">05 VIII 2015</date>
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,
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<specimenCount type="male">1♂</specimenCount>
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,
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<specimenCount type="female">1♀</specimenCount>
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, leg. LK;
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<specimenCount type="male">2♂♂</specimenCount>
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, leg. MW;
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<specimenCount type="male">2♂♂</specimenCount>
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,
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<specimenCount type="female">2♀♀</specimenCount>
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,
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<materialsCitation collectingDate="2018-01-01" collectingDateMax="2018-12-31" collectingDateMin="2018-01-01" latitude="48.85" location="Zuunkharaa" longLatPrecision="1107" longitude="106.6" specimenCount="1">
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leg. WTS;
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<quantity metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.0" unit="km" value="5.0">5 km</quantity>
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E of
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<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:C46DD6D4738A5AB5A76DFA24C2835E8F:D48C66EB5A9AEB2F1374AD9788891E00" latitude="48.85" longLatPrecision="1107" longitude="106.6" name="Zuunkharaa">Zuunkharaa</location>
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(
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<geoCoordinate degrees="48" direction="north" minutes="51" orientation="latitude" precision="925" value="48.85">48°51'N</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate degrees="106" direction="east" minutes="36" orientation="longitude" precision="925" value="106.6">106°36'E</geoCoordinate>
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)
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</materialsCitation>
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,
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<quantity metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="9.16" unit="m" value="916.0">916 m</quantity>
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a.s.l.,
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<date value="2015-08-05">05 VIII 2015</date>
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,
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<specimenCount type="male">1♂</specimenCount>
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,
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<specimenCount type="female">1♀</specimenCount>
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,
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<materialsCitation collectingDate="2018-01-01" collectingDateMax="2018-12-31" collectingDateMin="2018-01-01" latitude="49.083332" location="Kh" longLatPrecision="1106" longitude="105.48333" specimenCount="1">
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leg. WTS;
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<locationDeviation location="Khoetoel">
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<quantity metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.0" unit="km" value="5.0">5 km</quantity>
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W of
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<normalizedToken originalValue="Khötöl">Khoetoel</normalizedToken>
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</locationDeviation>
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[
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<normalizedToken originalValue="Хөтөл">
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<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:C46DD6D4738A5AB5A76DFA24C2835E8F:B4320424097A9F75970CCD1944D20BA8" latitude="49.083332" longLatPrecision="1106" longitude="105.48333" name="Kh">Kh</location>
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өtөl
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</normalizedToken>
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] (
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<geoCoordinate degrees="49" direction="north" minutes="05" orientation="latitude" precision="925" value="49.083332">49°05'N</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate degrees="105" direction="east" minutes="29" orientation="longitude" precision="925" value="105.48333">105°29'E</geoCoordinate>
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)
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</materialsCitation>
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,
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<quantity metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.09" unit="m" value="809.0">809 m</quantity>
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a.s.l.,
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<date value="2015-08-06">06 VIII 2015</date>
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,
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<specimenCount type="male">1♂</specimenCount>
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,
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<specimenCount type="female">1♀</specimenCount>
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, leg. LK;
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<specimenCount type="male">1♂</specimenCount>
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,
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<materialsCitation collectingDate="2018-01-01" collectingDateMax="2018-12-31" collectingDateMin="2018-01-01" latitude="48.366665" location="Arkhangai Aimag" longLatPrecision="1111" longitude="101.86667" specimenCount="1">
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leg. WTS;
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<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:C46DD6D4738A5AB5A76DFA24C2835E8F:FA1E603C5E109909985B4476D0770422" latitude="48.366665" longLatPrecision="1111" longitude="101.86667" name="Arkhangai Aimag">Arkhangai Aimag</location>
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:
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<locationDeviation location="Khairkhan">
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<quantity metricMagnitude="4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.5" unit="km" value="15.0">15 km</quantity>
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S of Khairkhan
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</locationDeviation>
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(
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<geoCoordinate degrees="48" direction="north" minutes="22" orientation="latitude" precision="925" value="48.366665">48°22'N</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate degrees="101" direction="east" minutes="52" orientation="longitude" precision="925" value="101.86667">101°52'E</geoCoordinate>
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)
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</materialsCitation>
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,
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<quantity metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.4369999999999998" unit="m" value="1437.0">1437 m</quantity>
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a.s.l.,
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<date value="2015-08-07">07 VIII 2015</date>
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,
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<specimenCount type="male">1♂</specimenCount>
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,
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<materialsCitation collectingDate="2018-01-01" collectingDateMax="2018-12-31" collectingDateMin="2018-01-01" latitude="48.616665" location="Khairkhan" longLatPrecision="1109" longitude="102.01667" specimenCount="1">
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leg. LK;
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<quantity metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.0" unit="km" value="5.0">5 km</quantity>
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E of
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<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:C46DD6D4738A5AB5A76DFA24C2835E8F:C1DD76A62A25C207B7E767410BF19038" latitude="48.616665" longLatPrecision="1109" longitude="102.01667" name="Khairkhan">Khairkhan</location>
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(
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<geoCoordinate degrees="48" direction="north" minutes="37" orientation="latitude" precision="925" value="48.616665">48°37'N</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate degrees="102" direction="east" minutes="01" orientation="longitude" precision="925" value="102.01667">102°01'E</geoCoordinate>
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)
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</materialsCitation>
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,
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<quantity metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.398" unit="m" value="1398.0">1398 m</quantity>
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a.s.l.,
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<date value="2015-08-07">07 VIII 2015</date>
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,
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<specimenCount type="female">1♀</specimenCount>
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(white pubescence form), leg. WTS.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="12" pageNumber="119" type="remarks">
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<paragraph pageId="12" pageNumber="119">Remarks.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="12" pageNumber="119">
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<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="Fischer von Waldheim" baseAuthorityYear="1823" class="Insecta" family="Cerambycidae" genus="Eodorcadion" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Eodorcadion carinatum subsp. involvens" order="Coleoptera" pageId="12" pageNumber="119" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subSpecies" species="carinatum" subSpecies="involvens">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="119">Eodorcadion carinatum involvens</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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is one of the five subspecies that have already been described; they are distributed from the Jenisei River to the Far East. This taxon is the most common and widespread in the northern and central parts of Mongolia where it has been recorded from many localities; to the south, it reaches the Mongolian and Gobi Altai Mountains. The imagines are active from the end of June to August (
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<bibRefCitation author="Namhaidorzh, B" journalOrPublisher="Academy of Sciences of the USSR, Zoological Institute and Academie of Sciences of the MPR, Institute of Biology: Insects of Mongolia, Leningrad" pageId="25" pageNumber="132" pagination="495 - 538" refId="B51" refString="Namhaidorzh, B, 1972. On the fauna of longicorn beetles (Coleoptera, Cerambycidae) of the Mongolian People's Republic. Academy of Sciences of the USSR, Zoological Institute and Academie of Sciences of the MPR, Institute of Biology: Insects of Mongolia, Leningrad 1: 495 - 538" title="On the fauna of longicorn beetles (Coleoptera, Cerambycidae) of the Mongolian People's Republic." volume="1" year="1972">Namhaidorzh 1972</bibRefCitation>
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,
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<bibRefCitation author="Danilevsky, ML" journalOrPublisher="Entomologische Zeitschrift (Stuttgart)" pageId="23" pageNumber="130" refId="B8" refString="Danilevsky, ML, 2007. Revision of the genus Eodorcadion Breuning, 1947 (Coleoptera, Cerambycidae). Magellanes. Collection systematique 16, 230 pp." title="Revision of the genus Eodorcadion Breuning, 1947 (Coleoptera, Cerambycidae). Magellanes. Collection systematique 16, 230 pp." year="2007">Danilevsky 2007</bibRefCitation>
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).
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="12" pageNumber="119">
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We observed a mass occurrence of this species (more than one hundred specimens) approx. 60 km E of Ulaanbaatar during moderately warm (22 °C) and cloudy weather conditions in the steppe habitat (Fig.
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 10" captionStartId="F11" captionText="Figure 10. Field photos of imagines in nature and habitats of typical Mongolian cerambycid species: A male of Eodorcadion carinatum involvens B female of E. carinatum involvens C female of E. carinatum involvens (white pubescence form) D steppe in Ulaanbaatar environs, the habitat of E. carinatum involvens E xerothermic mountain slopes, the habitat of E. carinatum involvens and Eodorcadion humerale impluviatum F male of Eodorcadion maurum australe G female of E. maurum australe H short grass meadow in Zereg environs, the habitat of E. maurum australe." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.739.23675.figure10" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/187663" pageId="12" pageNumber="119">10D</figureCitation>
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) at the turn of July and August. Most of the specimens were found in the interstices of the grass where they were mating. Single specimens were walking slowly. Some specimens were also found at a higher elevation (1778 m a.s.l) on xerothermic mountain slopes (Fig.
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 10" captionStartId="F11" captionText="Figure 10. Field photos of imagines in nature and habitats of typical Mongolian cerambycid species: A male of Eodorcadion carinatum involvens B female of E. carinatum involvens C female of E. carinatum involvens (white pubescence form) D steppe in Ulaanbaatar environs, the habitat of E. carinatum involvens E xerothermic mountain slopes, the habitat of E. carinatum involvens and Eodorcadion humerale impluviatum F male of Eodorcadion maurum australe G female of E. maurum australe H short grass meadow in Zereg environs, the habitat of E. maurum australe." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.739.23675.figure10" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/187663" pageId="12" pageNumber="119">10E</figureCitation>
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) sympatrically with
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<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="Faldermann" baseAuthorityYear="1833" class="Insecta" family="Cerambycidae" genus="Eodorcadion" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Eodorcadion humerale subsp. impluviatum" order="Coleoptera" pageId="12" pageNumber="119" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subSpecies" species="humerale" subSpecies="impluviatum">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="119">Eodorcadion humerale impluviatum</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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(Faldermann, 1833) and
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<taxonomicName authority="impluviatus" authorityName="impluviatus (Motschulsky" authorityYear="1859" class="Insecta" family="Cerambycidae" genus="Monochamus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Monochamus impluviatus subsp. impluviatus" order="Coleoptera" pageId="12" pageNumber="119" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subSpecies" species="impluviatus" subSpecies="impluviatus">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="119">Monochamus impluviatus impluviatus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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(Motschulsky, 1859). Another plot, which was located approx. 15 km S of Khairkhan (
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<geoCoordinate degrees="48" direction="north" minutes="22" orientation="latitude" precision="925" value="48.366665">48°22'N</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate degrees="101" direction="east" minutes="52" orientation="longitude" precision="925" value="101.86667">101°52'E</geoCoordinate>
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), turned out to be the most westward locality of this taxon towards the city of Altai. Towards the Khangai Mountains, we did not find any further individuals despite checking numerous plots.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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</treatment>
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</document> |