242 lines
41 KiB
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242 lines
41 KiB
XML
<document id="58D21031F67C5F34D4D07398462E17F2" ID-CLB-Dataset="7075" ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.4964.1.3" ID-GBIF-Dataset="19ec59cf-a6ba-4760-8a7f-dac3e88b0775" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="4706688" ID-ZooBank="6E9CAF76-1905-4442-B355-5F9206BD9B16" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1618987356506" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Crews, Sarah C., Galvis, William, Torres, Richard A., Gutiérrez-Estrada, Miguel A., Sarmiento, Jessica & Esposito, Lauren A." docDate="2021" docId="C27187E5FFB7AA72FF63FBFDDA73F82D" docLanguage="en" docName="zootaxa.4964.1.3.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 4964 (1)" docStyle="DocumentStyle:647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D.9:Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleId="647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="9" docTitle="Selenops curazao Alayon 2001" docType="treatment" docVersion="7" lastPageNumber="65" masterDocId="3E48FF9DFFB3AA76FFF4FFC4DE16FFA6" masterDocTitle="The flattie spiders of the Selenops isopodus species group (Araneae: Selenopidae) with a review of Selenops records from Colombia" masterLastPageNumber="82" masterPageNumber="61" pageNumber="65" updateTime="1698937303557" updateUser="ExternalLinkService" zenodo-license-document="CLOSED">
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<mods:title id="7BFFBB2631E9249A72C1DAA7560A8040">The flattie spiders of the Selenops isopodus species group (Araneae: Selenopidae) with a review of Selenops records from Colombia</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="A6F1B457CAFFB4120662D01B771CAEE3">Crews, Sarah C.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="A72E802CB096BAD6BFDA921A373E6253">California Academy of Sciences, Department of Entomology, 55 Music Concourse Drive, San Francisco, CA, 94118, USA.</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="910BD9FACA71F720E3B94E89973D4CED">Galvis, William</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="BB9642E86608EB7B02B220C0E83A5D04">Grupo de Investigación de en Aracnología & Miriapodología (GAM-UN), Instituto de Ciencias Naturales, Universidad Nacional de Colombia, sede Bogotá, Colombia.</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="3E93D4F675505BA8B1E8547A3D44C497">Torres, Richard A.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:nameIdentifier id="3B2B293FD3AC40D3EE85A4765542FEF0" type="ORCID">0000-0003-1455-1981</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:affiliation id="CC7BBCD7430E86D710E612681A50C1D0">Pós-graduação em Zoologia. Instituto de Ciências Biológicas. Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, CEP 31270 - 901, Brazil. Grupo de Investigación en Zoología y Ecología. Universidad de Sucre. Sucre, Colombia. richardtorree @ gmail. com; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0003 - 1455 - 1981 & Grupo de Investigación en Zoología y Ecología, Universidad de Sucre, Sucre, Colombia.</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:nameIdentifier id="71434C0AE99FFCD876484FB6F9935B20" type="email">richardtorree@gmail.com</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:namePart id="769A9C293928BC47E91B4BA53E893D7E">Gutiérrez-Estrada, Miguel A.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="EED933BF6DE302219A382A5C877B4550">Grupo de Investigación Ecología y Biodiversidad en Ecosistemas Tropicales (EBET), Facultad Ciencias Básicas y Aplicadas, Universidad de la Guajira, Riohacha, Colombia.</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="1EC9FA48E3FCDAEACE22F64B52FDCABB">Sarmiento, Jessica</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="8C4A572BA3800DA43B6D33CFE8A5AA5E">Grupo de Investigación en Recursos Naturales, Universidad de Pamplona, Pamplona, Colombia.</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="07C57F042E6D29155C94E7E78BF6116A">Esposito, Lauren A.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="201B9E74A75B05279BE4A5BB8CB643B3">California Academy of Sciences, Department of Entomology, 55 Music Concourse Drive, San Francisco, CA, 94118, USA. & lesposito @ calacademy. org; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0002 - 5514 - 7486</mods:affiliation>
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<treatment id="C27187E5FFB7AA72FF63FBFDDA73F82D" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4706696" ID-GBIF-Taxon="181875043" ID-Zenodo-Dep="4706696" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:C27187E5FFB7AA72FF63FBFDDA73F82D" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/C27187E5FFB7AA72FF63FBFDDA73F82D" lastPageNumber="65" pageId="4" pageNumber="65">
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<taxonomicName id="8DD84D70FFB7AA72FF63FBFDDC03FBF2" ID-CoL="6YDM7" authority="Alayon, 2001" authorityName="Alayon" authorityYear="2001" box="[151,533,1081,1108]" class="Arachnida" family="Selenopidae" genus="Selenops" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="4" pageNumber="65" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="curazao">
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<emphasis id="78ACEAE1FFB7AA72FF63FBFDDC03FBF2" bold="true" box="[151,533,1081,1108]" pageId="4" pageNumber="65">
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<emphasis id="78ACEAE1FFB7AA72FF63FBFDDF7CFBF2" bold="true" box="[151,362,1081,1108]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="65">Selenops curazao</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="2E494B02FFB7AA72FE86FBFDDC03FBF2" author="Alayon Garcia, G." box="[370,533,1081,1108]" pageId="4" pageNumber="65" pagination="17 - 20" refId="ref12811" refString="Alayon Garcia, G. (2001) Especie nueva de Selenops (Araneae: Selenopidae) de Curazao, Antillas Holandesas. Solenodon, 1, 17 - 20." type="journal article" year="2001">Alayón, 2001</bibRefCitation>
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<paragraph id="4A6736F3FFB7AA72FF63FB9ADCF7FBDF" blockId="4.[151,737,1081,1145]" box="[151,737,1118,1145]" pageId="4" pageNumber="65">
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<figureCitation id="D2E32A76FFB7AA72FF63FB9ADEEDFBDE" box="[151,251,1118,1144]" captionStart="FIGURES 1–6" captionStartId="6.[151,264,1881,1905]" captionTargetBox="[152,1434,346,1857]" captionTargetId="figure-115@6.[151,1435,345,1857]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURES 1–6. Members of the Selenops isopodus species group. 1 S. arikok with egg sac and spiderlings; 2 Adult female of S. curazao from Santa Barbara, Curaçao; 3 S. curazao from Pannekoek, Curaçao; 4Adult female of S. isopodus from Barichara, Colombia; 5 Adult male of S. isopodus from Barichara, Colombia; 6 Adult male of S. isopodus missing several legs, Barichara, Colombia. Photos: 1, 4–6, Sarah Crews; 2–3, Carel de Haseth." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4706692" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4706692/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="65">Figs 2–3</figureCitation>
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,
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<figureCitation id="D2E32A76FFB7AA72FEF2FB9ADF56FBDE" box="[262,320,1118,1144]" captionStart="FIGURES 7–17" captionStartId="10.[151,264,1684,1708]" captionTargetBox="[206,1382,192,1660]" captionTargetId="figure-26@10.[206,1382,181,1660]" captionTargetPageId="10" captionText="FIGURES 7–17. Members of the Selenops isopodus species group. 7 Holotype female of S. arikok (EME sel_068) from Arikok National Park, Aruba; 8 Paratype female of S. curazao (MCZ 44835) from the Piscadera Baai building, Curaçao, Netherlands, Antilles; 9 Holotype male of S. curazao (MCZ 44836) CarMaBi, Curaçao, Netherlands Antilles; 10 More recently collected female specimen of S. curazao (CASENT 9067826) from Dos Pos, Bonaire, Netherlands Antilles; 11 More recently collected male specimen of S. curazao (CASENT 9058453) from Girouette Plantation, Curaçao, Netherlands Antilles; 12 Female of S. isopodus (ICN-Ar-12894) from Albania, La Guajira, Colombia; 13 Male of S. isopodus (ICN-Ar-12895) from Albania, La Guajira, Colombia; 14 Female of S. isopodus (ICN-Ar-1735) Barichara, Santander, Colombia; 15 Holotype male of S. marilus (MCZ 21988) from Lara, Venezuela; 16 Holotype female of S. bullerengue sp. nov. (ICN-Ar-12898) from Finca de Ovi, Hacienda El Huerto, Turbaco, Bolívar, Colombia; 17 Paratype male of S. bullerengue sp. nov. (ICN-Ar-12899) from Finca de Ovi, hacienda El Huerto, Turbaco, Bolívar, Colombia." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4706694" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4706694/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="65">8–11</figureCitation>
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,
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<figureCitation id="D2E32A76FFB7AA72FEBFFB9ADF82FBDE" box="[331,404,1118,1144]" captionStart="FIGURES 18–29" captionStartId="11.[151,264,1683,1707]" captionTargetBox="[210,1364,192,1658]" captionTargetId="figure-19@11.[205,1382,181,1660]" captionTargetPageId="11" captionText="FIGURES 18–29. Genitalia of females from the Selenops isopodus species group. 18–20, 23 S. arikok (EME sel_068) from Arikok National Park, Aruba (18 epigyne, 19 endogyne, 20 epigyne) with colors corresponding to parts of the genitalia mentioned in the text for comparison among taxa of the S. isopodus group: orange = COs, pink = MF, yellow = EP, 23 endogyne with colors corresponding to parts of the genitalia mentioned in the text for comparison among taxa of the S. isopodus group, arrows indicate path from CDs to spermathecae and FDs, showing how the CDs fold under themselves in the dorsal direction, teal=CDs, blue-violet=SS, red=PS, yellow=FDs, green= PF; 21–22 S. curazao (CASENT 9067826; ABC_062) from Dos Pos, Bonaire, Netherlands Antilles (21 epigyne, 22 endogyne); 24–25 S. isopodus (ICN-Ar-12894) from Albania, La Guajira, Colombia (24 epigyne, 25 endogyne); 27–28 S. isopodus (ICN-Ar-1735) from Barichara, Santander, Colombia (27 epigyne, 28 endogyne); 26, 29 S. bullerengue sp. nov. (ICN-Ar-12898) from Finca de Ovi, Hacienda El Huerto, Turbaco, Bolívar, Colombia (26 epigyne, 29 endogyne)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4706698" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4706698/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="65">21–22</figureCitation>
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,
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<figureCitation id="D2E32A76FFB7AA72FE6BFB9ADC07FBDE" box="[415,529,1118,1145]" captionStart="FIGURES 30–40" captionStartId="12.[151,264,1728,1752]" captionTargetBox="[152,1430,192,1704]" captionTargetId="figure-26@12.[151,1436,181,1704]" captionTargetPageId="12" captionText="FIGURES 30–40. Palps from males of the Selenops isopodus species group. 30–33, 39 Palp of S. isopodus (ICN-Ar-12895) from Albania, La Guajira, Colombia (30, 32 ventral, 31, 33 retrolateral, 39 dorsal) with colors corresponding to the parts of the palps mentioned in the text for comparison among taxa of the S. isopodus group: green = vRTA, orange = dRTA, pink = T, where tegulum narrows basally, the pink becomes brighter, indicating the inconspicuous origin of the E, purple = C, yellow = MA, arrow indicates extended tegulum with lack of retrolateral indentation; 34–35, 38 Palp of S. curazao (CASENT 9058453) from Girouette Plantation, Curaçao, Netherlands Antilles (34 ventral, 35 retrolateral, 38 dorsal); 36–37, 40 S. bullerengue sp. nov. (ICN-Ar-12899) from Finca de Ovi, Hacienda El Huerto, Turbaco, Bolívar, Colombia (36 ventral, 37 retrolateral, 40 dorsal)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4706702" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4706702/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="65">34–35, 38</figureCitation>
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,
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<figureCitation id="D2E32A76FFB7AA72FDE9FB9ADC99FBDE" box="[541,655,1118,1144]" captionStart="FIGURES 41–49" captionStartId="13.[151,264,1846,1870]" captionTargetBox="[184,1402,187,1821]" captionTargetId="figure-19@13.[183,1403,181,1821]" captionTargetPageId="13" captionText="FIGURES 41–49. Palps from males of the Selenops isopodus species group emphasizing the conductor, a diagnostic character among species of the group. 41, 44, 47 S. curazao (CASENT 9058453) from Girouette Plantation, Curaçao, Netherlands Antilles (41 retrolateral, 44 dorso-retrolateral, 47 prolateral); 42, 45, 48 S. isopodus (ICN-Ar-12895) from Albania, La Guajira, Colombia (42 retrolateral, 45 latroventral, 48 prolateral); 43, 46, 49 S. bullerengue sp. nov. (ICN-Ar-12899) from Finca de Ovi, Hacienda El Huerto, Turbaco, Bolívar, Colombia (43 retrolateral, 46 latroventral, 49 prolateral). Abbreviations: C=Conductor." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4706704" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4706704/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="65">41, 44, 47</figureCitation>
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,
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<figureCitation id="D2E32A76FFB7AA72FD6FFB9ADCF7FBDF" box="[667,737,1118,1145]" captionStart="FIGURES 50–55" captionStartId="14.[151,264,1455,1479]" captionTargetBox="[152,1436,273,1430]" captionTargetId="figure-70@14.[151,1436,272,1431]" captionTargetPageId="14" captionText="FIGURES 50–55. 50–51 Palps of males of the S. isopodus group. 50 Rostral view of expanded palp showing shape of conductor of S. curazao (CASENT 9058453) from Girouette Plantation, Curaçao, Netherlands Antilles; 51 Caudal view of palp of S. bullerengue sp. nov. (ICN-Ar-12899) showing the tip of the conductor in an unexpanded palp from Finca de Ovi, Hacienda El Huerto, Turbaco, Bolívar, Colombia; 52–55 Caudal views of epigynes of the S. isopodus group. 52 S. curazao (CASENT 9067826) from Dos Pos, Bonaire, Netherlands Antilles; 53 S. isopodus (ICN-Ar-12894) from Albania, La Guajira, Colombia; 54 S. isopodus (ICN-Ar-1735) from Barichara, Santander, Colombia; 55 S. bullerengue sp. nov. (ICN-Ar-12899) from Finca de Ovi, Hacienda El Huerto, Turbaco, Bolívar, Colombia." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4706708" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4706708/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="65">50, 52</figureCitation>
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<treatmentCitation id="CB7910E2FFB7AA72FF63FB66DC3EFB1C" author="Alayon Garcia, G." box="[151,552,1186,1210]" page="20" pageId="4" pageNumber="65" year="2001">
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<taxonomicName id="8DD84D70FFB7AA72FF63FB66DC3EFB1C" ID-CoL="6YDM7" authority="Alayon, 2001: 17 - 20" authorityName="Alayon" authorityPageNumber="17 - 20" authorityYear="2001" box="[151,552,1186,1210]" class="Arachnida" family="Selenopidae" genus="Selenops" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="4" pageNumber="65" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="curazao">
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<emphasis id="78ACEAE1FFB7AA72FF63FB66DF5CFB1C" box="[151,330,1186,1210]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="65">Selenops curazao</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="2E494B02FFB7AA72FEA4FB66DC3EFB1C" author="Alayon Garcia, G." box="[336,552,1186,1210]" pageId="4" pageNumber="65" pagination="17 - 20" refId="ref12811" refString="Alayon Garcia, G. (2001) Especie nueva de Selenops (Araneae: Selenopidae) de Curazao, Antillas Holandesas. Solenodon, 1, 17 - 20." type="journal article" year="2001">Alayón, 2001: 17–20</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||
, figs 1–4 (
|
||
<specimenCount id="5CDEFD7AFFB7AA72FD60FB66DCBFFB1C" box="[660,681,1186,1210]" pageId="4" pageNumber="65" type="male">♂</specimenCount>
|
||
,
|
||
<specimenCount id="5CDEFD7AFFB7AA72FD40FB66DCD0FB1C" box="[692,710,1186,1210]" pageId="4" pageNumber="65" type="female">♀</specimenCount>
|
||
). Crews 2011: 18, figs 3–6 (
|
||
<specimenCount id="5CDEFD7AFFB7AA72FC1DFB66DDE8FB1C" box="[1001,1022,1186,1210]" pageId="4" pageNumber="65" type="male">♂</specimenCount>
|
||
,
|
||
<specimenCount id="5CDEFD7AFFB7AA72FBFDFB66DA0DFB1C" box="[1033,1051,1186,1210]" pageId="4" pageNumber="65" type="female">♀</specimenCount>
|
||
).
|
||
</treatmentCitationGroup>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="02C26578FFB7AA72FF63FB2DDCC7FA35" pageId="4" pageNumber="65" type="materials_examined">
|
||
<paragraph id="4A6736F3FFB7AA72FF63FB2DDDC5FA81" blockId="4.[151,1437,1256,1931]" pageId="4" pageNumber="65">
|
||
<emphasis id="78ACEAE1FFB7AA72FF63FB2DDF5DFAA4" bold="true" box="[151,331,1256,1283]" pageId="4" pageNumber="65">Type material:</emphasis>
|
||
<materialsCitation id="FAB03CAEFFB7AA72FEA1FB2DDDC5FA81" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3107298319" accessionNumber="MCZ 44835" collectingDate="1963-09" collectionCode="MCZ" country="Curacao, Netherlands Antilles" location="Curacao, Netherlands Antilles" pageId="4" pageNumber="65" specimenCount="1" typeStatus="holotype">
|
||
<emphasis id="78ACEAE1FFB7AA72FEA1FB2DDFD4FAA5" bold="true" box="[341,450,1257,1283]" pageId="4" pageNumber="65">
|
||
<typeStatus id="95638851FFB7AA72FEA1FB2DDFD4FAA5" box="[341,450,1257,1283]" pageId="4" pageNumber="65" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
(designated by
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="2E494B02FFB7AA72FD89FB2CDD01FAA5" author="Alayon Garcia, G." box="[637,791,1256,1283]" pageId="4" pageNumber="65" pagination="17 - 20" refId="ref12811" refString="Alayon Garcia, G. (2001) Especie nueva de Selenops (Araneae: Selenopidae) de Curazao, Antillas Holandesas. Solenodon, 1, 17 - 20." type="journal article" year="2001">Alayón 2001</bibRefCitation>
|
||
): male, CarMaBI (Caribbean Marine Biology Institute),
|
||
<collectingCountry id="32CF7663FFB7AA72FF63FAC9DFFCFA80" box="[151,490,1292,1319]" isEnumeration="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="65">Curaçao, Netherlands Antilles</collectingCountry>
|
||
,
|
||
<date id="3E661033FFB7AA72FE02FAC8DCBBFA80" box="[502,685,1292,1318]" pageId="4" pageNumber="65" value="1963-09">
|
||
<collectingDate id="2E22E9DBFFB7AA72FE02FAC8DCBBFA80" box="[502,685,1292,1318]" pageId="4" pageNumber="65" value="1963-09">September 1963</collectingDate>
|
||
</date>
|
||
(
|
||
<collectionCode id="2CC9AE36FFB7AA72FD4FFAC9DCECFA81" box="[699,762,1293,1319]" country="USA" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:33791" name="Museum of Comparative Zoology" pageId="4" pageNumber="65" type="Museum">MCZ</collectionCode>
|
||
44835, examined).
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="4A6736F3FFB7AA72FF33FAF5DFE6FAC9" blockId="4.[151,1437,1256,1931]" pageId="4" pageNumber="65">
|
||
<materialsCitation id="FAB03CAEFFB7AA72FF33FAF5DFFBFAC9" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3107298309" accessionNumber="MCZ 44836" collectingDate="1962-12-18" collectingDateMax="1962-12-30" collectingDateMin="1962-12-18" collectionCode="MCZ" collectorName=" H. & L. Levi" country="Curacao, Netherlands Antilles" location="Curacao, Netherlands Antilles" pageId="4" pageNumber="65" specimenCount="1" typeStatus="paratype">
|
||
<emphasis id="78ACEAE1FFB7AA72FF33FAF5DF2BFAED" bold="true" box="[199,317,1329,1355]" pageId="4" pageNumber="65">
|
||
<typeStatus id="95638851FFB7AA72FF33FAF5DF2EFAED" box="[199,312,1329,1355]" pageId="4" pageNumber="65" type="paratype">Paratype</typeStatus>
|
||
:
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
female,
|
||
<collectorName id="E72D5325FFB7AA72FE50FAF4DC5AFAEC" box="[420,588,1328,1354]" pageId="4" pageNumber="65">Piscadera Baai</collectorName>
|
||
building,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="32CF7663FFB7AA72FD30FAF5DA0AFAEC" box="[708,1052,1328,1355]" isEnumeration="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="65">Curaçao, Netherlands Antilles</collectingCountry>
|
||
,
|
||
<date id="3E661033FFB7AA72FBDFFAF5DB24FAEC" box="[1067,1330,1328,1355]" pageId="4" pageNumber="65" value="1962-12-18" valueMax="1962-12-30" valueMin="1962-12-18">
|
||
<collectingDate id="2E22E9DBFFB7AA72FBDFFAF5DB24FAEC" box="[1067,1330,1328,1355]" pageId="4" pageNumber="65" value="1962-12-18" valueMax="1962-12-30" valueMin="1962-12-18">18–30 December 1962</collectingDate>
|
||
</date>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectorName id="E72D5325FFB7AA72FAB4FAF5DEDCFAC8" pageId="4" pageNumber="65">H. & L. Levi</collectorName>
|
||
(
|
||
<collectionCode id="2CC9AE36FFB7AA72FF2DFA91DF0EFAC9" box="[217,280,1365,1391]" country="USA" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:33791" name="Museum of Comparative Zoology" pageId="4" pageNumber="65" type="Museum">MCZ</collectionCode>
|
||
44836, examined)
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="4A6736F3FFB7AA72FF33FABCDCC7FA35" blockId="4.[151,1437,1256,1931]" box="[199,721,1400,1427]" pageId="4" pageNumber="65">
|
||
<emphasis id="78ACEAE1FFB7AA72FF33FABCDFEAFA34" bold="true" box="[199,508,1400,1426]" pageId="4" pageNumber="65">Other material examined.</emphasis>
|
||
See Crews (2011).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="02C26578FFB7AA72FF33FA58DC27F915" pageId="4" pageNumber="65" type="diagnosis">
|
||
<paragraph id="4A6736F3FFB7AA72FF33FA58DC27F915" blockId="4.[151,1437,1256,1931]" pageId="4" pageNumber="65">
|
||
<emphasis id="78ACEAE1FFB7AA72FF33FA58DF54FA10" bold="true" box="[199,322,1436,1462]" pageId="4" pageNumber="65">Diagnosis.</emphasis>
|
||
Females of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="8DD84D70FFB7AA72FE25FA58DC81FA10" authorityName="Alayon" authorityYear="2001" box="[465,663,1436,1462]" class="Arachnida" family="Selenopidae" genus="Selenops" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="4" pageNumber="65" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="curazao">
|
||
<emphasis id="78ACEAE1FFB7AA72FE25FA58DC81FA10" box="[465,663,1436,1462]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="65">Selenops curazao</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
can be differentiated from other members of the
|
||
<taxonomicName id="8DD84D70FFB7AA72FB24FA59DB44FA10" authorityName="Mello-Leitao" authorityYear="1941" box="[1232,1362,1436,1463]" class="Arachnida" family="Selenopidae" genus="Selenops" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="4" pageNumber="65" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="isopodus">
|
||
<emphasis id="78ACEAE1FFB7AA72FB24FA59DB44FA10" box="[1232,1362,1436,1463]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="65">S. isopodus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
group by the sclerotized septum found within the median field of the epigyne (
|
||
<figureCitation id="D2E32A76FFB7AA72FC3DFA04DA08FA7D" box="[969,1054,1472,1499]" captionStart="FIGURES 18–29" captionStartId="11.[151,264,1683,1707]" captionTargetBox="[210,1364,192,1658]" captionTargetId="figure-19@11.[205,1382,181,1660]" captionTargetPageId="11" captionText="FIGURES 18–29. Genitalia of females from the Selenops isopodus species group. 18–20, 23 S. arikok (EME sel_068) from Arikok National Park, Aruba (18 epigyne, 19 endogyne, 20 epigyne) with colors corresponding to parts of the genitalia mentioned in the text for comparison among taxa of the S. isopodus group: orange = COs, pink = MF, yellow = EP, 23 endogyne with colors corresponding to parts of the genitalia mentioned in the text for comparison among taxa of the S. isopodus group, arrows indicate path from CDs to spermathecae and FDs, showing how the CDs fold under themselves in the dorsal direction, teal=CDs, blue-violet=SS, red=PS, yellow=FDs, green= PF; 21–22 S. curazao (CASENT 9067826; ABC_062) from Dos Pos, Bonaire, Netherlands Antilles (21 epigyne, 22 endogyne); 24–25 S. isopodus (ICN-Ar-12894) from Albania, La Guajira, Colombia (24 epigyne, 25 endogyne); 27–28 S. isopodus (ICN-Ar-1735) from Barichara, Santander, Colombia (27 epigyne, 28 endogyne); 26, 29 S. bullerengue sp. nov. (ICN-Ar-12898) from Finca de Ovi, Hacienda El Huerto, Turbaco, Bolívar, Colombia (26 epigyne, 29 endogyne)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4706698" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4706698/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="65">Fig. 21</figureCitation>
|
||
). Such a septum is absent and the median field is weakly sclerotized in the other species of the group (
|
||
<figureCitation id="D2E32A76FFB7AA72FC6DFA20DA8AFA59" box="[921,1180,1508,1535]" captionStart="FIGURES 18–29" captionStartId="11.[151,264,1683,1707]" captionTargetBox="[210,1364,192,1658]" captionTargetId="figure-19@11.[205,1382,181,1660]" captionTargetPageId="11" captionText="FIGURES 18–29. Genitalia of females from the Selenops isopodus species group. 18–20, 23 S. arikok (EME sel_068) from Arikok National Park, Aruba (18 epigyne, 19 endogyne, 20 epigyne) with colors corresponding to parts of the genitalia mentioned in the text for comparison among taxa of the S. isopodus group: orange = COs, pink = MF, yellow = EP, 23 endogyne with colors corresponding to parts of the genitalia mentioned in the text for comparison among taxa of the S. isopodus group, arrows indicate path from CDs to spermathecae and FDs, showing how the CDs fold under themselves in the dorsal direction, teal=CDs, blue-violet=SS, red=PS, yellow=FDs, green= PF; 21–22 S. curazao (CASENT 9067826; ABC_062) from Dos Pos, Bonaire, Netherlands Antilles (21 epigyne, 22 endogyne); 24–25 S. isopodus (ICN-Ar-12894) from Albania, La Guajira, Colombia (24 epigyne, 25 endogyne); 27–28 S. isopodus (ICN-Ar-1735) from Barichara, Santander, Colombia (27 epigyne, 28 endogyne); 26, 29 S. bullerengue sp. nov. (ICN-Ar-12898) from Finca de Ovi, Hacienda El Huerto, Turbaco, Bolívar, Colombia (26 epigyne, 29 endogyne)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4706698" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4706698/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="65">Figs 18, 20, 24, 26–27</figureCitation>
|
||
). The copulatory ducts curve outward laterally, then back inward medially, then out again before curving back on themselves dorsally (
|
||
<figureCitation id="D2E32A76FFB7AA72FA9BF9CCDEA1F9E1" captionStart="FIGURES 18–29" captionStartId="11.[151,264,1683,1707]" captionTargetBox="[210,1364,192,1658]" captionTargetId="figure-19@11.[205,1382,181,1660]" captionTargetPageId="11" captionText="FIGURES 18–29. Genitalia of females from the Selenops isopodus species group. 18–20, 23 S. arikok (EME sel_068) from Arikok National Park, Aruba (18 epigyne, 19 endogyne, 20 epigyne) with colors corresponding to parts of the genitalia mentioned in the text for comparison among taxa of the S. isopodus group: orange = COs, pink = MF, yellow = EP, 23 endogyne with colors corresponding to parts of the genitalia mentioned in the text for comparison among taxa of the S. isopodus group, arrows indicate path from CDs to spermathecae and FDs, showing how the CDs fold under themselves in the dorsal direction, teal=CDs, blue-violet=SS, red=PS, yellow=FDs, green= PF; 21–22 S. curazao (CASENT 9067826; ABC_062) from Dos Pos, Bonaire, Netherlands Antilles (21 epigyne, 22 endogyne); 24–25 S. isopodus (ICN-Ar-12894) from Albania, La Guajira, Colombia (24 epigyne, 25 endogyne); 27–28 S. isopodus (ICN-Ar-1735) from Barichara, Santander, Colombia (27 epigyne, 28 endogyne); 26, 29 S. bullerengue sp. nov. (ICN-Ar-12898) from Finca de Ovi, Hacienda El Huerto, Turbaco, Bolívar, Colombia (26 epigyne, 29 endogyne)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4706698" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4706698/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="65">Fig. 22</figureCitation>
|
||
). Additionally, when the genitalia is viewed caudally, it is much narrower dorsoventrally than in the other species (
|
||
<figureCitation id="D2E32A76FFB7AA72FF54F994DEE2F9CD" box="[160,244,1616,1643]" captionStart="FIGURES 50–55" captionStartId="14.[151,264,1455,1479]" captionTargetBox="[152,1436,273,1430]" captionTargetId="figure-70@14.[151,1436,272,1431]" captionTargetPageId="14" captionText="FIGURES 50–55. 50–51 Palps of males of the S. isopodus group. 50 Rostral view of expanded palp showing shape of conductor of S. curazao (CASENT 9058453) from Girouette Plantation, Curaçao, Netherlands Antilles; 51 Caudal view of palp of S. bullerengue sp. nov. (ICN-Ar-12899) showing the tip of the conductor in an unexpanded palp from Finca de Ovi, Hacienda El Huerto, Turbaco, Bolívar, Colombia; 52–55 Caudal views of epigynes of the S. isopodus group. 52 S. curazao (CASENT 9067826) from Dos Pos, Bonaire, Netherlands Antilles; 53 S. isopodus (ICN-Ar-12894) from Albania, La Guajira, Colombia; 54 S. isopodus (ICN-Ar-1735) from Barichara, Santander, Colombia; 55 S. bullerengue sp. nov. (ICN-Ar-12899) from Finca de Ovi, Hacienda El Huerto, Turbaco, Bolívar, Colombia." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4706708" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4706708/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="65">Fig. 52</figureCitation>
|
||
). Males of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="8DD84D70FFB7AA72FE84F995DFF3F9CC" authorityName="Alayon" authorityYear="2001" box="[368,485,1617,1643]" class="Arachnida" family="Selenopidae" genus="Selenops" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="4" pageNumber="65" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="curazao">
|
||
<emphasis id="78ACEAE1FFB7AA72FE84F995DFF3F9CC" box="[368,485,1617,1643]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="65">S. curazao</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
can be differentiated from other members of the
|
||
<taxonomicName id="8DD84D70FFB7AA72FBFDF995DA9FF9CC" authorityName="Mello-Leitao" authorityYear="1941" box="[1033,1161,1616,1643]" class="Arachnida" family="Selenopidae" genus="Selenops" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="4" pageNumber="65" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="isopodus">
|
||
<emphasis id="78ACEAE1FFB7AA72FBFDF995DA9FF9CC" box="[1033,1161,1616,1643]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="65">S. isopodus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
group by the posteriorly rounded, rather than proximally protruded, tegulum (
|
||
<figureCitation id="D2E32A76FFB7AA72FD1AF9B0DD52F929" box="[750,836,1652,1679]" captionStart="FIGURES 30–40" captionStartId="12.[151,264,1728,1752]" captionTargetBox="[152,1430,192,1704]" captionTargetId="figure-26@12.[151,1436,181,1704]" captionTargetPageId="12" captionText="FIGURES 30–40. Palps from males of the Selenops isopodus species group. 30–33, 39 Palp of S. isopodus (ICN-Ar-12895) from Albania, La Guajira, Colombia (30, 32 ventral, 31, 33 retrolateral, 39 dorsal) with colors corresponding to the parts of the palps mentioned in the text for comparison among taxa of the S. isopodus group: green = vRTA, orange = dRTA, pink = T, where tegulum narrows basally, the pink becomes brighter, indicating the inconspicuous origin of the E, purple = C, yellow = MA, arrow indicates extended tegulum with lack of retrolateral indentation; 34–35, 38 Palp of S. curazao (CASENT 9058453) from Girouette Plantation, Curaçao, Netherlands Antilles (34 ventral, 35 retrolateral, 38 dorsal); 36–37, 40 S. bullerengue sp. nov. (ICN-Ar-12899) from Finca de Ovi, Hacienda El Huerto, Turbaco, Bolívar, Colombia (36 ventral, 37 retrolateral, 40 dorsal)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4706702" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4706702/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="65">Fig. 34</figureCitation>
|
||
). Also, the tip of the conductor is angular rather than rectangular (
|
||
<figureCitation id="D2E32A76FFB7AA72FED0F95CDF6DF915" box="[292,379,1688,1715]" captionStart="FIGURES 30–40" captionStartId="12.[151,264,1728,1752]" captionTargetBox="[152,1430,192,1704]" captionTargetId="figure-26@12.[151,1436,181,1704]" captionTargetPageId="12" captionText="FIGURES 30–40. Palps from males of the Selenops isopodus species group. 30–33, 39 Palp of S. isopodus (ICN-Ar-12895) from Albania, La Guajira, Colombia (30, 32 ventral, 31, 33 retrolateral, 39 dorsal) with colors corresponding to the parts of the palps mentioned in the text for comparison among taxa of the S. isopodus group: green = vRTA, orange = dRTA, pink = T, where tegulum narrows basally, the pink becomes brighter, indicating the inconspicuous origin of the E, purple = C, yellow = MA, arrow indicates extended tegulum with lack of retrolateral indentation; 34–35, 38 Palp of S. curazao (CASENT 9058453) from Girouette Plantation, Curaçao, Netherlands Antilles (34 ventral, 35 retrolateral, 38 dorsal); 36–37, 40 S. bullerengue sp. nov. (ICN-Ar-12899) from Finca de Ovi, Hacienda El Huerto, Turbaco, Bolívar, Colombia (36 ventral, 37 retrolateral, 40 dorsal)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4706702" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4706702/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="65">Figs 34</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="D2E32A76FFB7AA72FE73F95DDFEFF915" box="[391,505,1689,1715]" captionStart="FIGURES 41–49" captionStartId="13.[151,264,1846,1870]" captionTargetBox="[184,1402,187,1821]" captionTargetId="figure-19@13.[183,1403,181,1821]" captionTargetPageId="13" captionText="FIGURES 41–49. Palps from males of the Selenops isopodus species group emphasizing the conductor, a diagnostic character among species of the group. 41, 44, 47 S. curazao (CASENT 9058453) from Girouette Plantation, Curaçao, Netherlands Antilles (41 retrolateral, 44 dorso-retrolateral, 47 prolateral); 42, 45, 48 S. isopodus (ICN-Ar-12895) from Albania, La Guajira, Colombia (42 retrolateral, 45 latroventral, 48 prolateral); 43, 46, 49 S. bullerengue sp. nov. (ICN-Ar-12899) from Finca de Ovi, Hacienda El Huerto, Turbaco, Bolívar, Colombia (43 retrolateral, 46 latroventral, 49 prolateral). Abbreviations: C=Conductor." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4706704" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4706704/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="65">41, 44, 47</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="D2E32A76FFB7AA72FDF1F95CDC33F915" box="[517,549,1688,1715]" captionStart="FIGURES 50–55" captionStartId="14.[151,264,1455,1479]" captionTargetBox="[152,1436,273,1430]" captionTargetId="figure-70@14.[151,1436,272,1431]" captionTargetPageId="14" captionText="FIGURES 50–55. 50–51 Palps of males of the S. isopodus group. 50 Rostral view of expanded palp showing shape of conductor of S. curazao (CASENT 9058453) from Girouette Plantation, Curaçao, Netherlands Antilles; 51 Caudal view of palp of S. bullerengue sp. nov. (ICN-Ar-12899) showing the tip of the conductor in an unexpanded palp from Finca de Ovi, Hacienda El Huerto, Turbaco, Bolívar, Colombia; 52–55 Caudal views of epigynes of the S. isopodus group. 52 S. curazao (CASENT 9067826) from Dos Pos, Bonaire, Netherlands Antilles; 53 S. isopodus (ICN-Ar-12894) from Albania, La Guajira, Colombia; 54 S. isopodus (ICN-Ar-1735) from Barichara, Santander, Colombia; 55 S. bullerengue sp. nov. (ICN-Ar-12899) from Finca de Ovi, Hacienda El Huerto, Turbaco, Bolívar, Colombia." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4706708" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4706708/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="65">50</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="02C26578FFB7AA72FF33F978DC39F971" box="[199,559,1724,1751]" pageId="4" pageNumber="65" type="description">
|
||
<paragraph id="4A6736F3FFB7AA72FF33F978DC39F971" blockId="4.[151,1437,1256,1931]" box="[199,559,1724,1751]" pageId="4" pageNumber="65">
|
||
<emphasis id="78ACEAE1FFB7AA72FF33F978DF4FF970" bold="true" box="[199,345,1724,1750]" pageId="4" pageNumber="65">Description.</emphasis>
|
||
See Crews (2011).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="02C26578FFB7AA72FF33F924DA73F82D" pageId="4" pageNumber="65" type="distribution">
|
||
<paragraph id="4A6736F3FFB7AA72FF33F924DC8AF95D" blockId="4.[151,1437,1256,1931]" box="[199,668,1760,1787]" pageId="4" pageNumber="65">
|
||
<emphasis id="78ACEAE1FFB7AA72FF33F924DF77F95C" bold="true" box="[199,353,1760,1786]" pageId="4" pageNumber="65">Distribution.</emphasis>
|
||
<collectingCountry id="32CF7663FFB7AA72FE93F925DFD1F95D" box="[359,455,1761,1787]" name="Curaçao" pageId="4" pageNumber="65">Curaçao</collectingCountry>
|
||
,
|
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<collectingCountry id="32CF7663FFB7AA72FE27F924DC3AF95C" box="[467,556,1760,1786]" name="Bonaire, Sint Eustatius and Saba" pageId="4" pageNumber="65">Bonaire</collectingCountry>
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(
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<figureCitation id="D2E32A76FFB7AA72FDCFF924DC99F95D" box="[571,655,1760,1787]" captionStart="FIGURE 60" captionStartId="16.[151,250,1811,1835]" captionTargetBox="[224,1364,182,1787]" captionTargetId="figure-26@16.[223,1364,181,1787]" captionTargetPageId="16" captionText="FIGURE 60. Map shows all known records of selenopids in Colombia (Col = Colombia; Ven = Venezuela; A = Aruba; B = Bonaire; C = Curaçao; pink square = S. arikok; yellow squares = S. isopodus; green squares = S. curazao; blue squares = S. bullerengue sp. nov.; white squares = member of isopodus group, but unclear which species; white diamond = undetermined juvenile; white diamond with orange border = a species for which we do not have adults, but it is clearly distinct; green circles = S. mexicanus; black circles = S. cocheleti; orange circles = S. curruganja; blue circles = S. geraldinae; red circle = S. lavillai.) Orange area indicates Cordillera Oriental as defined by Google Earth and references provided in the text." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4706714" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4706714/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="65">Fig. 60</figureCitation>
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).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="4A6736F3FFB7AA72FF33F8C0DA73F82D" blockId="4.[151,1437,1256,1931]" pageId="4" pageNumber="65">
|
||
<emphasis id="78ACEAE1FFB7AA72FF33F8C0DC94F8B8" bold="true" box="[199,642,1796,1823]" pageId="4" pageNumber="65">Life history and habitat preferences.</emphasis>
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This species has been collected under wood, rocks, cactus, and other debris on the ground, both near to and away from human dwellings. During the day, it can be found hiding in crevices near the ceiling molding in houses, emerging at night. It is found in dry thornscrub and dry forest (
|
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<figureCitation id="D2E32A76FFB7AA72FAFFF888DB48F8C1" box="[1291,1374,1868,1895]" captionStart="FIGURES 56–59" captionStartId="15.[151,264,1360,1384]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,526,1336]" captionTargetId="figure-223@15.[151,1435,525,1337]" captionTargetPageId="15" captionText="FIGURES 56–59. Habitats of species of the S. isopodus group. 56 Habitat of S. arikok, Arikok National Park, Aruba (photo Jake Scott); 57 Habitat of S. curazao Curaçao, Netherlands Antilles (photo Carel de Haseth; 58 Habitat of S. isopodus Barichara, Colombia (photo by Sarah Crews); 59 Habitat of S. bullerengue sp. nov., El Roble, Biological Station Tierra Santa (photo Richard Torres)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4706710" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4706710/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="65">Fig. 57</figureCitation>
|
||
). The female guards the white, flat, disc-shaped egg sac, and lays approximately 25–
|
||
<specimenCount id="5CDEFD7AFFB7AA72FBF3F8B4DA77F82D" box="[1031,1121,1904,1931]" pageId="4" pageNumber="65" type="egg">50 eggs</specimenCount>
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||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
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</document> |