243 lines
32 KiB
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243 lines
32 KiB
XML
<document id="6C6D86AAC88FBE02A9B841982830C317" ID-DOI="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.454.8625" ID-GBIF-Dataset="0994bd28-4ced-4d2e-9862-f7c831bce3ae" ID-PMC="PMC4258738" ID-Pensoft-Pub="1313-2970-454-29" ID-PubMed="25493065" ID-ZooBank="2CB669B119794E489C4E41188F126478" ModsDocAuthor="" ModsDocDate="2014" ModsDocID="1313-2970-454-29" ModsDocOrigin="ZooKeys 454" ModsDocTitle="The Australian millipede Dicranogonuspix Jeekel, 1982 (Diplopoda, Polydesmida, Paradoxosomatidae): a species with and without paranota" checkinTime="1451245123211" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Mesibov, Robert" docDate="2014" docId="BC33C573575FD184896B14727D5C1C2D" docLanguage="en" docName="ZooKeys 454: 29-39" docOrigin="ZooKeys 454" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.454.8625" docTitle="Dicranogonus pix Jeekel 1982" docType="treatment" docVersion="4" lastPageNumber="35" masterDocId="F727FFC1FFD8FFD7FF8F2D772F39FFB6" masterDocTitle="The Australian millipede Dicranogonuspix Jeekel, 1982 (Diplopoda, Polydesmida, Paradoxosomatidae): a species with and without paranota" masterLastPageNumber="39" masterPageNumber="29" pageNumber="31" updateTime="1701316654599" updateUser="plazi">
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<mods:title id="AF5EBE2500F5D976B465C9B44B67907B">The Australian millipede Dicranogonuspix Jeekel, 1982 (Diplopoda, Polydesmida, Paradoxosomatidae): a species with and without paranota</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="9784538B28087ABEEDF263F430988026">Mesibov, Robert</mods:namePart>
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<mods:date id="22FD7BEEE31B18F32FB46F23692136EA">2014</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="DE13317027CC2AB69D3DD7DDF06A887A">454</mods:number>
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<mods:classification id="9845729B6A4B467C426981A1DA523E4C">journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier id="B747ED477827B50064B1EFC106204E28" type="DOI">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.454.8625</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="BC33C573575FD184896B14727D5C1C2D" ID-GBIF-Taxon="152056338" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:BC33C573575FD184896B14727D5C1C2D" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/BC33C573575FD184896B14727D5C1C2D" lastPageId="6" lastPageNumber="35" pageId="2" pageNumber="31">
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<subSubSection id="3A9F070CCF4D4570B6522DE5B7DBE1C4" pageId="2" pageNumber="31" type="multiple">
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<paragraph id="FCCE4368960FA8DDF5569FD6A25FEEEC" pageId="2" pageNumber="31">Taxon classification Animalia Polydesmida Paradoxosomatidae</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="241D0609A4AA198740261A275D12DD40" pageId="2" pageNumber="31" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="7FB7E4FB14CBF60BF90CBFB787645A09" pageId="2" pageNumber="31">
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<taxonomicName id="F8F0C8B92B3A084E4AE8C8F5729A7D5D" ID-CoL="35RBZ" authority="Jeekel, 1982" authorityName="Jeekel" authorityYear="1982" class="Diplopoda" family="Paradoxosomatidae" genus="Dicranogonus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Dicranogonus pix" order="Polydesmida" pageId="2" pageNumber="31" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pix">Dicranogonus pix Jeekel, 1982</taxonomicName>
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Figs 1, 2, 3, 4, 5
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="CCBF3C3D63940825D758661C5DA2A193" pageId="2" pageNumber="31" type="reference_group">
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<paragraph id="02A9139F07614BE1C7D012DB1D2C2EBC" pageId="2" pageNumber="31">
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<taxonomicName id="BE6EBFDB3BCFE2494D8F6F22F725F7CA" class="Diplopoda" family="Paradoxosomatidae" genus="Dicranogonus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Dicranogonus pix" order="Polydesmida" pageId="2" pageNumber="31" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pix">Dicranogonus pix</taxonomicName>
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<bibRefCitation id="7BBD6B93F7D1A052073F32B6EB96BF8E" author="Jeekel, CAW" journalOrPublisher="Bulletin Zooelogisch Museum, Universiteit van Amsterdam" pageId="7" pageNumber="36" pagination="201 - 212" title="Millipedes from Australia, 2: Antichiropodini from Victoria (Diplopoda, Polydesmida, Paradoxosomatidae)." volume="8" year="1982">Jeekel 1982</bibRefCitation>
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: 209; Fig. 4 (p. 206).
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<bibRefCitation id="9C94FA602968A0DEB2273B573A2A85DB" author="Shelley, RM" journalOrPublisher="Pensoft, Sofia" pageId="7" pageNumber="36" title="Nomenclator generum et familiarum Diplopodorum II. A list of the genus and family-group names in the Class Diplopoda from 1958 through 1999." year="2000">Shelley et al. 2000</bibRefCitation>
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: 97.
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<bibRefCitation id="4A7D240F862084E4F70B14BF3684D92A" author="Mesibov, R" journalOrPublisher="Memoirs of Museum Victoria" pageId="7" pageNumber="36" pagination="41 - 45" title="A new genus of millipedes (Diplopoda: Polydesmida: Dalodesmidae) from wet forests in southern Victoria, with brief remarks on the Victorian Polydesmida." url="http://museumvictoria.com.au/pages/3959/61_1_Mesibov.pdf" volume="61" year="2004">Mesibov 2004</bibRefCitation>
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: 42;
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<bibRefCitation id="5456B268EA20FA3771A6553C49DDEAF1" author="Mesibov, R" journalOrPublisher="Soil Organisms" pageId="7" pageNumber="36" pagination="531 - 542" title="New and little-used morphological characters in Polydesmida (Diplopoda)." volume="81" year="2009">2009</bibRefCitation>
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: Fig. 2B (p. 534).
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<bibRefCitation id="D5D307EE7D667553B9FCA6D59B4FB55F" author="Nguyen, AD" journalOrPublisher="Check List" pageId="7" pageNumber="36" pagination="1132 - 1353" title="A worldwide catalog of the family Paradoxosomatidae Daday, 1889 (Diplopoda: Polydesmida)." url="http://www.checklist.org.br/getpdf?SL107-12" volume="9" year="2013">Nguyen and Sierwald 2013</bibRefCitation>
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: 1155.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="A231EEEF73716AECB34C76257D540763" lastPageId="3" lastPageNumber="32" pageId="2" pageNumber="31" type="morphology">
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<paragraph id="04A2976D47E15196B32E569482BFC731" pageId="2" pageNumber="31">Morphology.</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="AB6520E19D04987DF5E818D80028386C" pageId="2" pageNumber="31">
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Gonopods. The gonopod telopodite varies only slightly in details over the
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<taxonomicName id="D29B4CC3215F003314FFD0D2FECB52DC" class="Diplopoda" family="Paradoxosomatidae" genus="Dicranogonus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Dicranogonus pix" order="Polydesmida" pageId="2" pageNumber="31" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pix">Dicranogonus pix</taxonomicName>
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range (Figs 1-3). There are two small tabs (Jeekel:
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<normalizedToken id="D82F0FEEF06776FE597A656323207C14" originalValue="“lappets”">"lappets"</normalizedToken>
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) on either side of the solenomere tip in the holotype, and one or both tabs (more often the basally directed one) are reduced or missing in some populations (Fig. 2). The most divergent male examined is from the northeast corner of Flinders Island in the Furneaux Group (Fig. 2C); the tip of the solenomere in this specimen is abruptly curved basally and the subapical process of the telopodite (Jeekel:
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<normalizedToken id="1CCC5009ECC50B3D01DD332749E263EB" originalValue="“tibiotarsus”">"tibiotarsus"</normalizedToken>
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) is thinner and closer to the solenomere than in most males.
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</paragraph>
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<caption id="A2FD1D035CB3DE06BD0FED893CFED69F" pageId="2" pageNumber="31">
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<paragraph id="E881E5CF6DE60740A99FADDB638F1612" pageId="2" pageNumber="31">
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Figure 1.
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<taxonomicName id="46DCF05E4BFEF4C64DB27AB9FF5CAD63" class="Diplopoda" family="Paradoxosomatidae" genus="Dicranogonus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Dicranogonus pix" order="Polydesmida" pageId="2" pageNumber="31" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pix">Dicranogonus pix</taxonomicName>
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Jeekel, 1982, right gonopod telopodite, anterior views. A Holotype, from Fig. 4 in
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<bibRefCitation id="EBE5B1B7EB514103F6D2E9EEF774BFB6" author="Jeekel, CAW" journalOrPublisher="Bulletin Zooelogisch Museum, Universiteit van Amsterdam" pageId="7" pageNumber="36" pagination="201 - 212" title="Millipedes from Australia, 2: Antichiropodini from Victoria (Diplopoda, Polydesmida, Paradoxosomatidae)." volume="8" year="1982">Jeekel (1982)</bibRefCitation>
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, used with permission B NMV K-10010 C AM KS.105124 D AM KS.94201 E QVM 23:46456 F QVM 23:21876. Scale bar for
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<normalizedToken id="3299D04BBCA75580762589A269794807" originalValue="B–F">B-F</normalizedToken>
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= 0.25 mm, with focus on solenomere tip. See Fig. 3A for mapped localities.
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</paragraph>
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</caption>
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<caption id="BB46F8CCECEB487B2823DF45F117BB65" pageId="2" pageNumber="31">
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<paragraph id="100DC65352795C46FCB8C11388597F5C" pageId="2" pageNumber="31">
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Figure 2.
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<taxonomicName id="50C11D19EEC328C6925DAD5933A836B3" class="Diplopoda" family="Paradoxosomatidae" genus="Dicranogonus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Dicranogonus pix" order="Polydesmida" pageId="2" pageNumber="31" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pix">Dicranogonus pix</taxonomicName>
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Jeekel, 1982, right gonopod telopodite, anterior views. A NMV K-10011 B TMAG J3286 C QVM 23:40085. Scale bar for
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<normalizedToken id="3AF5625158C49BEEBB425A3AEC0E39CA" originalValue="A–C">A-C</normalizedToken>
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= 0.25 mm, with focus on solenomere tip. See Fig. 3A for mapped localities.
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</paragraph>
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</caption>
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<caption id="2835568D4252208C2E56AA39F50965D9" pageId="2" pageNumber="31">
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<paragraph id="ABEDC1131FCD9A5F585303730B13E9CF" pageId="2" pageNumber="31">
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Figure 3.
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<taxonomicName id="9A019EC7407CD3898268CCBBE52701D5" class="Diplopoda" family="Paradoxosomatidae" genus="Dicranogonus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Dicranogonus pix" order="Polydesmida" pageId="2" pageNumber="31" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pix">Dicranogonus pix</taxonomicName>
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Jeekel, 1982, known localities as of 17 September 2014. A Localities with males (squares) and with females only (triangles); labels indicate localities of males with gonopods imaged in Figs 1 and 2; B Specimens with paranota (filled squares) and without paranota (unfilled circles); labels indicate localities of specimens with midbody rings imaged in Fig. 4. Mercator projection. Inset shows Australia with map area of A (rectangle).
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</paragraph>
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</caption>
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<paragraph id="E423A946B579EA7F934B07180EB67E97" pageId="3" pageNumber="32">
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<pageBreakToken id="368F4109870023D3FE1462C90B882A34" pageId="3" pageNumber="32" start="start">Paranota</pageBreakToken>
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. In agreement with the original description of
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<taxonomicName id="2B08ACA43C195991907BD116DCF5EA91" class="Diplopoda" family="Paradoxosomatidae" genus="Dicranogonus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Dicranogonus pix" order="Polydesmida" pageId="3" pageNumber="32" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pix">Dicranogonus pix</taxonomicName>
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, the diplosegments of a nearly topotypical male have obvious paranota (Figs 3, 4A, 4B). Similarly well-defined paranota are present on almost all
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<taxonomicName id="B6C9AEDE966C14628F661D0484AE2748" class="Diplopoda" family="Paradoxosomatidae" genus="Dicranogonus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Dicranogonus" order="Polydesmida" pageId="3" pageNumber="32" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Dicranogonus</taxonomicName>
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specimens from eastern Victoria and small islands in the northeast portion of Bass Strait. In contrast, all specimens from islands in the southeast portion of Bass Strait (i.e., the Furneaux Group) and the Tasmanian mainland lack paranota (Figs 3, 4C, 4D), although the paranotal area on diplosegments is usually marked by lighter colour, and on some rings there is a very slight lateral bulge at the level of the ozopore.
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</paragraph>
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<caption id="7B289BCD87B2A0436E101EE75F1FA1E5" pageId="3" pageNumber="32">
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<paragraph id="FA1875BE4FB3B60B528BC9473B34AB06" pageId="3" pageNumber="32">
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Figure 4.
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<taxonomicName id="6FA34E3984AD61B39C31F2408ED333C0" class="Diplopoda" family="Paradoxosomatidae" genus="Dicranogonus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Dicranogonus pix" order="Polydesmida" pageId="3" pageNumber="32" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pix">Dicranogonus pix</taxonomicName>
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Jeekel, 1982, males; A, C, E left lateral views of midbody rings B, D, F dorsal views of midbody rings. A, B AM KS.105124 C, D QVM 23:21875 E, F NMV K-10011. Scale bars = 1.0 mm. See Fig. 3B for mapped localities.
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</paragraph>
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</caption>
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<paragraph id="5212B2D461C6D944111B3AD571BFB292" pageId="3" pageNumber="32">The only exceptions to this simple geographical pattern in the material examined are three males and two females lacking paranota from the Buchan district in eastern Victoria, collected in 1907 (Figs 3, 4E, 4F).</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="4B8A7B79955D33FF1F663BA3E8053870" pageId="3" pageNumber="32">
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Other characters. I add here only a few minor details to the very clearly written, 1600-word description by
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<bibRefCitation id="614C527960C2DB2DC480CF6173926A3E" author="Jeekel, CAW" journalOrPublisher="Bulletin Zooelogisch Museum, Universiteit van Amsterdam" pageId="7" pageNumber="36" pagination="201 - 212" title="Millipedes from Australia, 2: Antichiropodini from Victoria (Diplopoda, Polydesmida, Paradoxosomatidae)." volume="8" year="1982">Jeekel (1982)</bibRefCitation>
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of the typical
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<taxonomicName id="229AE622C4BE742C528A5D0E50B572B6" class="Diplopoda" family="Paradoxosomatidae" genus="Dicranogonus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Dicranogonus pix" order="Polydesmida" pageId="3" pageNumber="32" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pix">Dicranogonus pix</taxonomicName>
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. Spiracles on diplosegments located just above and anterior to leg bases (Fig. 5A); anterior spiracle (Fig. 5B) ovoid with long axis nearly vertical, anterodorsal portion of rim extended as thin cowl and directed slightly posteriorly; posterior spiracle nearly round, rim slightly raised and rounded; anterior and posterior spiracular filters composed of numerous thin, forked tabs with blunt tips (Fig. 5B), the dorsal half of the filter produced in the posterior spiracle and emergent in the anterior spiracle. Paranota on diplosegments well-defined to ring 16, then progressively diminishing to a very slight lateral bulge on ring 19. Spinnerets in square array.
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</paragraph>
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<caption id="3FB3C517A9A8EBE32387180FD9F10C95" pageId="3" pageNumber="32">
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<paragraph id="A3596C9E063484B49ACD85826AD9BA51" pageId="3" pageNumber="32">
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Figure 5.
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<taxonomicName id="8FBEDA3DD3D0FE0C9A650E3418FF030D" class="Diplopoda" family="Paradoxosomatidae" genus="Dicranogonus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Dicranogonus pix" order="Polydesmida" pageId="3" pageNumber="32" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pix">Dicranogonus pix</taxonomicName>
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Jeekel, 1982, male ex QVM 23:15170. A Left lateral view of midbody spiracles B Anterior spiracle. Scale bars: A = 0.1 mm, B = 0.025 mm.
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</paragraph>
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</caption>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="11529D4A3C57F6B8DDF324F21A5A992C" lastPageId="5" lastPageNumber="34" pageId="3" pageNumber="32" type="biogeography">
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<paragraph id="81D5C43A1AAFB436FB84FD52E9B8C320" pageId="3" pageNumber="32">Biogeography.</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="FE092EA92D43FB63640E232D86007C87" pageId="3" pageNumber="32">
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<taxonomicName id="60B0582A86E8A8BF0551EA302478131A" class="Diplopoda" family="Paradoxosomatidae" genus="Dicranogonus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Dicranogonus pix" order="Polydesmida" pageId="3" pageNumber="32" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pix">Dicranogonus pix</taxonomicName>
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and
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<taxonomicName id="DF74191E1CC46469909288B9DC209308" class="Diplopoda" family="Paradoxosomatidae" genus="Notodesmus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Notodesmus scotius" order="Polydesmida" pageId="3" pageNumber="32" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="scotius">Notodesmus scotius</taxonomicName>
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Chamberlin, 1920 are the only
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<taxonomicName id="05CB0A8721B0C2AF27628091EADD7EEA" lsidName="Strongylosomatidea" order="Polydesmida" pageId="3" pageNumber="32" rank="order">Polydesmida</taxonomicName>
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so far known to occur naturally on both sides of Bass Strait (see
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<taxonomicName id="E0DE0360ED70D43143AFD6B7239025EF" class="Diplopoda" family="Paradoxosomatidae" genus="Notodesmus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Notodesmus scotius" order="Polydesmida" pageId="3" pageNumber="32" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="scotius">Notodesmus scotius</taxonomicName>
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distribution records and KML file at http://www.polydesmida.info/millipedesofaustralia/localities.html). The
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<taxonomicName id="467BBE09DB3A213AAEB4D24C22E3F8E0" class="Diplopoda" family="Paradoxosomatidae" genus="Notodesmus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Notodesmus scotius" order="Polydesmida" pageId="3" pageNumber="32" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="scotius">Notodesmus scotius</taxonomicName>
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material I have examined is uniform throughout the
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<normalizedToken id="FE5D53ACA767905680B92AF1ABA60C32" originalValue="species’">species'</normalizedToken>
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range in Tasmania, Victoria and southeast New South Wales, and I have not detected any morphological discontinuity in
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<taxonomicName id="80B1E9AFF8B562B4E5DB5F068BAE8F7C" class="Diplopoda" family="Paradoxosomatidae" genus="Notodesmus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Notodesmus scotius" order="Polydesmida" pageId="3" pageNumber="32" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="scotius">Notodesmus scotius</taxonomicName>
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in Bass Strait.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="57F910E61311E354948C69E1C0910198" pageId="4" pageNumber="33">
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<pageBreakToken id="8398BD0CF0BE11572994C39A5DBB0199" pageId="4" pageNumber="33" start="start">For</pageBreakToken>
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other poorly vagile animals with trans-Bass Strait distributions, I have not yet found any documentation of discontinuities congruent with the paranota/no-paranota divide in
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<taxonomicName id="453B973CFEB3E4D919C3F06EE975533B" class="Diplopoda" family="Paradoxosomatidae" genus="Dicranogonus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Dicranogonus pix" order="Polydesmida" pageId="4" pageNumber="33" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pix">Dicranogonus pix</taxonomicName>
|
||
between the Kent and Furneaux Groups. A possible evolutionary parallel is in the rhaphidophorid cricket genus
|
||
<taxonomicName id="57C1E1C9C71F4D45D6634B92CE3D3838" class="Insecta" family="Rhaphidophoridae" genus="Cavernotettix" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Cavernotettix" order="Orthoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="33" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Cavernotettix</taxonomicName>
|
||
Richards, 1966.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="F1CB2A6A1B7788345D107562CA52FE60" class="Insecta" family="Rhaphidophoridae" genus="Cavernotettix" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Cavernotettix flindersensis" order="Orthoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="33" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="flindersensis">Cavernotettix flindersensis</taxonomicName>
|
||
(Chopard, 1944) is known only from the Furneaux Group, and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="2A454F1904F29AD8FD1B0D5EC3D7261F" class="Insecta" family="Rhaphidophoridae" genus="Cavernotettix" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Cavernotettix craggiensis" order="Orthoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="33" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="craggiensis">Cavernotettix craggiensis</taxonomicName>
|
||
Richards, 1974 is known only from Craggy Island (ca 40 ha), located between the Kent and Furneaux Groups. (
|
||
<taxonomicName id="F6A6A07E2E042E357963C52E30CFB5D2" class="Insecta" family="Rhaphidophoridae" genus="Cavernotettix" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Cavernotettix" order="Orthoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="33" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Cavernotettix</taxonomicName>
|
||
records from the online Atlas of Living Australia, http://www.ala.org.au, accessed 17 September 2014.)
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8929214842C80D81CAEA45EA5AEC2F3C" lastPageId="5" lastPageNumber="34" pageId="4" pageNumber="33">
|
||
Within Victoria the known distribution of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="B784A1E51877339D7EA6FEF139E5174B" class="Diplopoda" family="Paradoxosomatidae" genus="Dicranogonus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Dicranogonus pix" order="Polydesmida" pageId="5" pageNumber="34" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pix">
|
||
<pageBreakToken id="639DFE988E6D72A29E0F80708B405FE5" pageId="5" pageNumber="34" start="start">Dicranogonus</pageBreakToken>
|
||
pix
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is a zone ca 150 km long and up to 60 km wide, running north from East Gippsland over the Great Dividing Range, from near sea level to ca 600 m. On the Tasmanian mainland all but one of the locality records are less than ca 2 km from the sea, the exception being a 1964 collection from Gladstone, a small town.
|
||
<normalizedToken id="FBA908C2A11F4A081D1F42075DB2E127" originalValue="“Gladstone”">"Gladstone"</normalizedToken>
|
||
, however, may only represent the nearest named place to a coastal collecting site on Ringarooma Bay, ca 15 km distant. I have collected
|
||
<taxonomicName id="2828BED0395ABC7E37E18AFB0DB7550F" class="Diplopoda" family="Paradoxosomatidae" genus="Notodesmus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Notodesmus scotius" order="Polydesmida" pageId="5" pageNumber="34" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="scotius">Notodesmus scotius</taxonomicName>
|
||
, but not yet
|
||
<taxonomicName id="DCFAF65E0304CAE00B053DA3C1F712E8" class="Diplopoda" family="Paradoxosomatidae" genus="Dicranogonus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Dicranogonus pix" order="Polydesmida" pageId="5" pageNumber="34" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pix">Dicranogonus pix</taxonomicName>
|
||
, in the dry eucalypt forests beginning ca 10 km inland from
|
||
<taxonomicName id="A6BF9543064EC77183E2360D0618413B" class="Diplopoda" family="Paradoxosomatidae" genus="Dicranogonus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Dicranogonus pix" order="Polydesmida" pageId="5" pageNumber="34" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pix">Dicranogonus pix</taxonomicName>
|
||
localities along the northeast Tasmanian coast.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="4AED7C4A9A19B0A82D2FC7D8AC11711A" pageId="5" pageNumber="34">
|
||
Ecology.
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="8914DF693AE7F751E4C6580BE103308D" author="Jeekel, CAW" journalOrPublisher="Bulletin Zooelogisch Museum, Universiteit van Amsterdam" pageId="7" pageNumber="36" pagination="201 - 212" title="Millipedes from Australia, 2: Antichiropodini from Victoria (Diplopoda, Polydesmida, Paradoxosomatidae)." volume="8" year="1982">Jeekel (1982</bibRefCitation>
|
||
: 212) wrote of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="B1AF7224FD5746C36A2EA2F28B6F9755" class="Diplopoda" family="Paradoxosomatidae" genus="Dicranogonus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Dicranogonus pix" order="Polydesmida" pageId="5" pageNumber="34" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pix">Dicranogonus pix</taxonomicName>
|
||
at the holotype and paratype localities in Victoria: "This elegant little creature was locally quite common, occurring numerously in the upper litter layer of the dry Eucalyptus forests, and, judging from the number of specimens seen, mass appearances may occasionally happen". Adults have so far been collected in every month of the year except May, and in August 1998 I found a mixed
|
||
<taxonomicName id="189841394A7408569FCE17B08FFD4523" class="Diplopoda" family="Paradoxosomatidae" genus="Notodesmus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Notodesmus scotius" order="Polydesmida" pageId="5" pageNumber="34" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="scotius">Notodesmus scotius</taxonomicName>
|
||
-
|
||
<taxonomicName id="5FEC809929F98FF60B91F33816502ED6" class="Diplopoda" family="Paradoxosomatidae" genus="Dicranogonus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Dicranogonus pix" order="Polydesmida" pageId="5" pageNumber="34" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pix">Dicranogonus pix</taxonomicName>
|
||
'mating
|
||
<normalizedToken id="707D2024EDE7C0AF7FA738C281376E41" originalValue="swarm’">swarm'</normalizedToken>
|
||
during the day in coastal heathland near Blackmans Lagoon in northeast Tasmania.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="383B15C4438FA624304BF6B6B35EBCC1" pageId="5" pageNumber="34">
|
||
Surprisingly,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="FD2241856F0456D37879A8879AF7DC1D" class="Diplopoda" family="Paradoxosomatidae" genus="Dicranogonus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Dicranogonus pix" order="Polydesmida" pageId="5" pageNumber="34" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pix">Dicranogonus pix</taxonomicName>
|
||
was missing from pitfall samples collected in coastal heathland within the
|
||
<taxonomicName id="B4C50F3515ADBE062E2111602BF2A54D" class="Diplopoda" family="Paradoxosomatidae" genus="Dicranogonus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Dicranogonus pix" order="Polydesmida" pageId="5" pageNumber="34" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pix">Dicranogonus pix</taxonomicName>
|
||
range in northeast Tasmania in 1986-88. The sampling was carried out by T.B. Churchill, who trapped paradoxosomatids (as by-catch) in three 9
|
||
<normalizedToken id="E3CA39606E6F86D31200446ED9C03FB7" originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
|
||
9 m pitfall arrays (nine evenly spaced traps per array) located at each of four 90
|
||
<normalizedToken id="785D3E881FD69B7380394B01F11C71CE" originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
|
||
90 m sampling sites, with the traps emptied once a month for 14 months (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="01D1A582976DB3FB4FA84E47348EBAE0" author="Mesibov, R" journalOrPublisher="Australian Zoologist" pageId="7" pageNumber="36" pagination="431 - 438" title="Patterns in pitfall captures of millipedes (Diplopoda: Polydesmida: Paradoxosomatidae) at coastal heathland sites in Tasmania." url="http://goo.gl/wfFCKV" volume="32" year="2003">Mesibov and Churchill 2003</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). The traps yielded 9754 specimens of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="01A98B87E4BC2CDA32A2B7A42462563B" class="Diplopoda" family="Paradoxosomatidae" genus="Notodesmus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Notodesmus scotius" order="Polydesmida" pageId="5" pageNumber="34" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="scotius">Notodesmus scotius</taxonomicName>
|
||
and 116 specimens of an undescribed
|
||
<taxonomicName id="30949B9E74301E972429E58A7E9CCEB8" class="Diplopoda" family="Paradoxosomatidae" genus="Pogonosternum" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Pogonosternum" order="Polydesmida" pageId="5" pageNumber="34" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Pogonosternum</taxonomicName>
|
||
species.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="F31561EA1CE2166FDE64C274E7734C99" lastPageId="6" lastPageNumber="35" pageId="5" pageNumber="34" type="type specimens">
|
||
<paragraph id="2FD64495093C59B40C95563DE0D8D728" pageId="5" pageNumber="34">Type specimens.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="90664BECE40A8A557E57D779E32E6E85" pageId="5" pageNumber="34">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="549A99254B50816115503AADCB49A55C" author="Jeekel, CAW" journalOrPublisher="Bulletin Zooelogisch Museum, Universiteit van Amsterdam" pageId="7" pageNumber="36" pagination="201 - 212" title="Millipedes from Australia, 2: Antichiropodini from Victoria (Diplopoda, Polydesmida, Paradoxosomatidae)." volume="8" year="1982">Jeekel (1982</bibRefCitation>
|
||
: 209) lists the following type specimens for
|
||
<taxonomicName id="C549E59B239422CDF9022F1073C1EDBF" class="Diplopoda" family="Paradoxosomatidae" genus="Dicranogonus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Dicranogonus pix" order="Polydesmida" pageId="5" pageNumber="34" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pix">Dicranogonus pix</taxonomicName>
|
||
, all collected on 14 November 1980 by Dr Jeekel and A.M. Jeekel-Rijvers:
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="22CFC493E347E85E5791D103B7F8E9EF" pageId="5" pageNumber="34">
|
||
Holotype male: "Sta. 86. 4 km ESE Bruthen... Eucalyptus forest, State forest, under logs" [My location estimate for the type locality near Bruthen, Vic is
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="15019FAD2FE03583A860744069C1A02F" direction="south" orientation="latitude" precision="15" value="-37.72167">37°43'18"S</geoCoordinate>
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="5981BBD9D54F64AE9B074631CF626DE5" direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="15" value="147.87334">147°52'24"E</geoCoordinate>
|
||
<normalizedToken id="4332590F1FA9AFDBAD61C7A09973C546" originalValue="±">+/-</normalizedToken>
|
||
1 km, probably along the Bruthen-Buchan Road.]
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="D188DBAB4AFFEABD799B1268C07331C7" lastPageId="6" lastPageNumber="35" pageId="5" pageNumber="34">
|
||
Paratypes: 3 males, 6 females, details as for holotype; 38 males, 29 females, "Sta. 85. 13 km SE Buchan... Eucalyptus forest, State forest, under logs" [
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="9B0DBD64817125218044825DBDC08B57" direction="south" orientation="latitude" precision="925" value="-37.6">37°36'S</geoCoordinate>
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="0CA156A88C2FC3A9CE76729B13008191" direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="925" value="148.18333">148°11'E</geoCoordinate>
|
||
<normalizedToken id="40EC2FDD1C622A8564D1F915C8354287" originalValue="±">+/-</normalizedToken>
|
||
2 km, probably along a forest road]; 46 males, 73 females, "Sta. 87. Mt Taylor, 11 km NNW Bairnsdale...fragment of Eucalyptus forest, along roadside
|
||
<pageBreakToken id="242EFDA7F38EE7640B220C97EB73D221" pageId="6" pageNumber="35" start="start">between</pageBreakToken>
|
||
grassland, under logs and litter" [
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="9802E7DDCA56E27D2CB359AB5449B7CA" direction="south" orientation="latitude" precision="15" value="-37.75778">37°45'28"S</geoCoordinate>
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="F2AE2582E6B52B64FE6E0FE9EF40F676" direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="15" value="147.5986">147°35'55"E</geoCoordinate>
|
||
<normalizedToken id="84C6A6F766520AE8DE4E30E19E94A59A" originalValue="±">+/-</normalizedToken>
|
||
1 km, possibly along Bullumwaal Road].
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="928CAEA019B1680E4143EDEA9C80040E" pageId="6" pageNumber="35">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="7F3689129D48886D936419609EB493AB" class="Diplopoda" family="Paradoxosomatidae" genus="Dicranogonus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Dicranogonus" order="Polydesmida" pageId="6" pageNumber="35" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Dicranogonus</taxonomicName>
|
||
samples from the three localities listed above have recently been located in the Naturalis Biodiversity Center (K. van Dorp, in litt., 17 September 2014), following a long period during which their location was uncertain. The three samples, which I have not examined, presumably contain the holotype and the published paratypes.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |