414 lines
39 KiB
XML
414 lines
39 KiB
XML
<document ID-DOI="10.5281/zenodo.1038187" ID-GBIF-Dataset="5a8c5e73-63b2-445b-9ecc-96a601b1d901" ID-Zenodo-Dep="1038187" approvalRequired="18" approvalRequired_for_bibRefs="2" approvalRequired_for_illustrations="9" approvalRequired_for_originalDoi="1" approvalRequired_for_taxonomicNames="2" approvalRequired_for_textStreams="2" approvalRequired_for_treatments="2" checkinTime="1509026756856" checkinUser="jeremy" docAuthor="Leidy, J." docDate="1868" docId="BB1087B9FFBCFFC1C4828274FB1A9E19" docLanguage="en" docName="Leidy_1868_Megalosaurus(almost done).pdf.imf" docOrigin="Proceedings of the Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia 20" docStyle="DocumentStyle{}" docTitle="Aublysodon mirandus Leidy 1868" docType="treatment" docVersion="8" lastPageNumber="200" masterDocId="4729FFC1FFBDFFC2C52D855AFFA69928" masterDocTitle="Remarks on a Jaw Fragment of Megalosaurus" masterLastPageNumber="200" masterPageNumber="197" pageNumber="198" updateTime="1673869449073" updateUser="jeremy">
|
||
<mods:mods xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
|
||
<mods:titleInfo>
|
||
<mods:title>Remarks on a Jaw Fragment of Megalosaurus</mods:title>
|
||
</mods:titleInfo>
|
||
<mods:name type="personal">
|
||
<mods:role>
|
||
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
|
||
</mods:role>
|
||
<mods:namePart>Leidy, J.</mods:namePart>
|
||
</mods:name>
|
||
<mods:typeOfResource>text</mods:typeOfResource>
|
||
<mods:relatedItem type="host">
|
||
<mods:titleInfo>
|
||
<mods:title>Proceedings of the Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia</mods:title>
|
||
</mods:titleInfo>
|
||
<mods:part>
|
||
<mods:date>1868</mods:date>
|
||
<mods:detail type="pubDate">
|
||
<mods:number>1868-12-31</mods:number>
|
||
</mods:detail>
|
||
<mods:detail type="volume">
|
||
<mods:number>20</mods:number>
|
||
</mods:detail>
|
||
<mods:extent unit="page">
|
||
<mods:start>197</mods:start>
|
||
<mods:end>200</mods:end>
|
||
</mods:extent>
|
||
</mods:part>
|
||
</mods:relatedItem>
|
||
<mods:classification>journal article</mods:classification>
|
||
<mods:identifier type="DOI">10.5281/zenodo.1038187</mods:identifier>
|
||
<mods:identifier type="GBIF-Dataset">5a8c5e73-63b2-445b-9ecc-96a601b1d901</mods:identifier>
|
||
<mods:identifier type="Zenodo-Dep">1038187</mods:identifier>
|
||
</mods:mods>
|
||
<treatment ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3508434" ID-GBIF-Taxon="165088550" ID-Zenodo-Dep="3508434" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:BB1087B9FFBCFFC1C4828274FB1A9E19" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/BB1087B9FFBCFFC1C4828274FB1A9E19" lastPageId="3" lastPageNumber="200" pageId="1" pageNumber="198">
|
||
<subSubSection pageId="1" pageNumber="198" type="discussion">
|
||
<paragraph blockId="1.[388,1549,559,2517]" pageId="1" pageNumber="198">
|
||
The present opportunity is an appropriate one to make
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" box="[1242,1258,1838,1866]" pageId="1" pageNumber="198">a</emphasis>
|
||
few remarks on the American allies of
|
||
<emphasis box="[665,858,1871,1899]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="198">
|
||
<taxonomicName authority="Buckland, 1824" authorityName="Buckland" authorityYear="1822" box="[665,854,1871,1899]" class="Reptilia" family="Megalosauridae" genus="Megalosaurus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Dinosauria" pageId="1" pageNumber="198" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">Megalosaurus</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
Since I have had the opportunity of inspecting the remains of the remarkable reptile from the green sand of New Jersey, described by Prof. Cope (
|
||
<treatmentCitation author="Cope" box="[724,949,1937,1965]" httpUri="http://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/html/A52387D30775FFC1FF97FAB1B85ED2A6" pageId="1" pageNumber="198" year="1866">Proc. 1866, 275</treatmentCitation>
|
||
) under the name of
|
||
<emphasis box="[1238,1508,1937,1965]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="198">
|
||
<taxonomicName authority="Cope 1866" authorityName="Cope" authorityYear="1866" baseAuthorityName="Cope" baseAuthorityYear="1866" box="[1238,1503,1937,1965]" class="Arachnida" family="Tyrannosauridae" genus="Laelaps" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Dinosauria" pageId="1" pageNumber="198" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="aquilunguis">Laelaps aquilunguis</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
in observing the comparative
|
||
<emphasis box="[797,956,1971,1999]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="198">uniformity</emphasis>
|
||
of the teeth, identical in character with those of
|
||
<emphasis box="[530,722,2003,2031]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="198">
|
||
<taxonomicName authority="Buckland, 1824" authorityName="Buckland" authorityYear="1822" box="[530,717,2003,2031]" class="Reptilia" family="Megalosauridae" genus="Megalosaurus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Dinosauria" pageId="1" pageNumber="198" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">Megalosaurus</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
I am more strongly impressed with the idea that the teeth of like shape forming part of those referred by me to
|
||
<emphasis box="[1330,1451,2036,2064]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="198">
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Leidy" authorityYear="1856" box="[1330,1446,2036,2064]" class="Reptilia" family="Tyrannosauridae" genus="Dinodon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Dinosauria" pageId="1" pageNumber="198" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">Dinodon</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
alone belong to this genus. The others, of which no representatives have been discovered or recognized as belonging to
|
||
<taxonomicName authority="Buckland, 1824" authorityName="Buckland" authorityYear="1822" box="[1038,1222,2101,2129]" class="Reptilia" family="Megalosauridae" genus="Megalosaurus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Dinosauria" pageId="1" pageNumber="198" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis box="[1038,1222,2101,2129]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="198">Megalosaurus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
or
|
||
<emphasis box="[1275,1383,2101,2129]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="198">
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Cope" authorityYear="1866" box="[1275,1378,2101,2129]" class="Arachnida" family="Tyrannosauridae" genus="Laelaps" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Dinosauria" pageId="1" pageNumber="198" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">Laelaps</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
most probably indicate a distinct genus and species,
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection pageId="1" pageNumber="198" type="nomenclature">
|
||
<paragraph blockId="1.[388,1549,559,2517]" pageId="1" pageNumber="198">
|
||
for which I propose the name of
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Leidy" authorityYear="1868" box="[395,728,2167,2195]" class="Reptilia" family="Tyrannosauridae" genus="Aublysodon" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Dinosauria" pageId="1" pageNumber="198" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="mirandus" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis box="[395,577,2167,2195]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="198">Aublysodon</emphasis>
|
||
<emphasis box="[589,728,2171,2194]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="198">mirandus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection lastPageId="3" lastPageNumber="200" pageId="1" pageNumber="198" type="discussion">
|
||
<paragraph blockId="1.[388,1549,559,2517]" pageId="1" pageNumber="198">
|
||
Future discovery may prove
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Cope" authorityYear="1866" box="[871,971,2208,2236]" class="Arachnida" family="Tyrannosauridae" genus="Laelaps" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Dinosauria" pageId="1" pageNumber="198" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis box="[871,971,2208,2236]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="198">Laelaps</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Leidy" authorityYear="1856" box="[1064,1181,2208,2236]" class="Reptilia" family="Tyrannosauridae" genus="Dinodon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Dinosauria" pageId="1" pageNumber="198" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis box="[1064,1181,2208,2236]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="198">Dinodon</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
identical, and, judging from the comparison of corresponding parts of the jaws and the teeth, will be found to be more closely allied to
|
||
<taxonomicName authority="Buckland, 1824" authorityName="Buckland" authorityYear="1822" box="[961,1146,2273,2301]" class="Reptilia" family="Megalosauridae" genus="Megalosaurus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Dinosauria" pageId="1" pageNumber="198" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis box="[961,1146,2273,2301]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="198">Megalosaurus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
than was suspected, even should they not prove to be generically the same.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph blockId="1.[388,1549,559,2517]" lastBlockId="2.[391,1561,555,2522]" lastPageId="2" lastPageNumber="199" pageId="1" pageNumber="198">
|
||
It is clear, from an examination of the anterior portion of the mandible of
|
||
<taxonomicName authority="Buckland, 1824" authorityName="Buckland" authorityYear="1822" box="[393,579,2371,2399]" class="Reptilia" family="Megalosauridae" genus="Megalosaurus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Dinosauria" pageId="1" pageNumber="198" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis box="[393,579,2371,2399]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="198">Megalosaurus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
described and figured by Buckland, Cuvier, Owen, etc., that no such teeth as those now referred to
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Leidy" authorityYear="1868" box="[938,1099,2405,2433]" class="Reptilia" family="Tyrannosauridae" genus="Aublysodon" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Dinosauria" pageId="1" pageNumber="198" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus" status="gen. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis box="[938,1099,2405,2433]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="198">Aublysodon</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
occupied the forepart of the jaw. It is also probable that the upper teeth of
|
||
<taxonomicName authority="Buckland, 1824" authorityName="Buckland" authorityYear="1822" box="[1186,1369,2437,2465]" class="Reptilia" family="Megalosauridae" genus="Megalosaurus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Dinosauria" pageId="1" pageNumber="198" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis box="[1186,1369,2437,2465]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="198">Megalosaurus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and of its allies differ in no important point from those below. It follows, therefore, that the teeth now referred to
|
||
<emphasis box="[851,1019,588,616]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="199">
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Leidy" authorityYear="1868" box="[851,1014,588,616]" class="Reptilia" family="Tyrannosauridae" genus="Aublysodon" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Dinosauria" pageId="2" pageNumber="199" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus" status="gen. nov.">Aublysodon</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
if they belong to the maxillary or mandibular series of
|
||
<taxonomicName authority="Buckland, 1824" authorityName="Buckland" authorityYear="1822" box="[738,923,621,649]" class="Reptilia" family="Megalosauridae" genus="Megalosaurus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Dinosauria" pageId="2" pageNumber="199" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis box="[738,923,621,649]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="199">Megalosaurus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
or its allies, could only pertain to the back part. The variation in form of the teeth in question appears too great for such a position.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph blockId="2.[391,1561,555,2522]" pageId="2" pageNumber="199">
|
||
The teeth now viewed as characteristic of
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Leidy" authorityYear="1868" box="[1089,1252,721,749]" class="Reptilia" family="Tyrannosauridae" genus="Aublysodon" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Dinosauria" pageId="2" pageNumber="199" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus" status="gen. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis box="[1089,1252,721,749]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="199">Aublysodon</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
are represented in
|
||
<figureCitation box="[396,661,754,782]" captionText="1-20. Trachodon mirabilis 21-48. Deinodon horridus 49-52. Palaeoscincus costatus 53-55. Troodon formosus." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1068922/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="199" targetBox="[57,1772,29,2210]" targetPageId="17">figs. 36—45, pl. ix</figureCitation>
|
||
of vol. xi of the Transactions of the American Philosophical Society. The specimens consist of parts of three teeth, which differ much in size and other important points. In general the crowns are laterally compressed conical, with the anterior part thick and convex transversely as well as longitudinally, and with the sides nearly parallel. The posterior part forms a surface nearly as wide as the thickness of any part of the crown, and
|
||
<emphasis box="[396,419,953,981]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="199">is</emphasis>
|
||
defined from the lateral surfaces at right angles. In the two larger teeth these angles or borders are denticulated, like the trenchant borders of the teeth of
|
||
<taxonomicName authority="Buckland, 1824" authorityName="Buckland" authorityYear="1822" box="[522,707,1019,1047]" class="Reptilia" family="Megalosauridae" genus="Megalosaurus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Dinosauria" pageId="2" pageNumber="199" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis box="[522,707,1019,1047]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="199">Megalosaurus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and its American allies. In the longest tooth (
|
||
<figureCitation captionText="1-20. Trachodon mirabilis 21-48. Deinodon horridus 49-52. Palaeoscincus costatus 53-55. Troodon formosus." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1068922/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="199" targetBox="[57,1772,29,2210]" targetPageId="17">
|
||
fig. 35, 36, op.
|
||
<emphasis box="[508,552,1052,1080]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="199">cit</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
</figureCitation>
|
||
) the posterior surface forms an even plane; in the second sized tooth (
|
||
<figureCitation box="[498,674,1086,1114]" captionText="1-20. Trachodon mirabilis 21-48. Deinodon horridus 49-52. Palaeoscincus costatus 53-55. Troodon formosus." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1068922/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="199" targetBox="[57,1772,29,2210]" targetPageId="17">figs. 37—40</figureCitation>
|
||
) the posterior surface presents a median elevation. In the smallest tooth (
|
||
<figureCitation box="[707,885,1119,1147]" captionText="1-20. Trachodon mirabilis 21-48. Deinodon horridus 49-52. Palaeoscincus costatus 53-55. Troodon formosus." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1068922/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="199" targetBox="[57,1772,29,2210]" targetPageId="17">figs. 41—45</figureCitation>
|
||
), which indeed may belong to a different animal from the preceding, the borders defining the posterior surface are somewhat prominent backward, non-denticulate, and subside approaching the base of the crown so as to make a transverse section in this position oval (
|
||
<figureCitation box="[410,511,1256,1284]" captionText="1-20. Trachodon mirabilis 21-48. Deinodon horridus 49-52. Palaeoscincus costatus 53-55. Troodon formosus." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1068922/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="199" targetBox="[57,1772,29,2210]" targetPageId="17">fig. 45</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph blockId="2.[391,1561,555,2522]" pageId="2" pageNumber="199">
|
||
<emphasis box="[432,730,1284,1312]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="199">
|
||
<taxonomicName box="[432,725,1284,1312]" class="Reptilia" family="Hadrosauridae" genus="Hadrosaurus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Dinosauria" pageId="2" pageNumber="199" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="foulkii">Hadrosaurus Foulkii</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
the bulky vegetable feeder, and cotemporary of the rapacious
|
||
<emphasis box="[555,825,1318,1346]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="199">
|
||
<taxonomicName authority="Cope 1866" authorityName="Cope" authorityYear="1866" baseAuthorityName="Cope" baseAuthorityYear="1866" box="[555,820,1318,1346]" class="Arachnida" family="Tyrannosauridae" genus="Laelaps" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Dinosauria" pageId="2" pageNumber="199" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="aquilunguis">Laelaps aquilunguis</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
was at most probably only specifically distinct from
|
||
<emphasis box="[484,761,1351,1379]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="199">
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Leidy" authorityYear="1856" box="[484,756,1351,1379]" class="Reptilia" family="Hadrosauridae" genus="Trachodon" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Dinosauria" pageId="2" pageNumber="199" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="mirabilis">Trachodon mirabilis</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
the teeth of which were found in association with those of
|
||
<emphasis box="[530,654,1384,1412]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="199">
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Leidy" authorityYear="1856" box="[530,649,1384,1412]" class="Reptilia" family="Tyrannosauridae" genus="Dinodon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Dinosauria" pageId="2" pageNumber="199" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">Dinodon</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
so that, according to the laws of nomenclature, as
|
||
<taxonomicName box="[1408,1552,1384,1412]" class="Reptilia" family="Hadrosauridae" genus="Trachodon" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Dinosauria" pageId="2" pageNumber="199" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis box="[1408,1552,1384,1412]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="199">Trachodon</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
has priority of name, I suppose the first mentioned animal must be called
|
||
<taxonomicName box="[404,660,1451,1479]" class="Reptilia" family="Hadrosauridae" genus="Trachodon" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Dinosauria" pageId="2" pageNumber="199" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="foulkii">
|
||
<emphasis box="[404,546,1451,1479]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="199">Trachodon</emphasis>
|
||
Foulkii
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, though the names of
|
||
<taxonomicName box="[1019,1308,1451,1479]" class="Reptilia" family="Hadrosauridae" genus="Hadrosaurus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Dinosauria" pageId="2" pageNumber="199" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="foulkii">
|
||
<emphasis box="[1019,1196,1451,1479]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="199">Hadrosaurus</emphasis>
|
||
Foulkii
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="Leidy" baseAuthorityYear="1856" box="[1385,1553,1451,1479]" class="Reptilia" family="Hadrosauridae" genus="Hadrosaurus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Dinosauria" pageId="2" pageNumber="199" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="mirabilis">
|
||
<emphasis box="[1385,1553,1451,1479]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="199">H. mirabilis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
would appear more appropriate for these powerful dinosaurs.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph blockId="2.[391,1561,555,2522]" pageId="2" pageNumber="199">
|
||
The best preserved tooth of those originally referred to
|
||
<emphasis box="[1300,1449,1517,1545]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="199">
|
||
<taxonomicName box="[1300,1444,1517,1545]" class="Reptilia" family="Hadrosauridae" genus="Trachodon" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Dinosauria" pageId="2" pageNumber="199" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">Trachodon</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
represented in
|
||
<figureCitation box="[549,686,1551,1579]" captionText="1-20. Trachodon mirabilis 21-48. Deinodon horridus 49-52. Palaeoscincus costatus 53-55. Troodon formosus." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1068922/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="199" targetBox="[57,1772,29,2210]" targetPageId="17">
|
||
<emphasis box="[549,602,1551,1579]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="199">figs</emphasis>
|
||
. 1—6
|
||
</figureCitation>
|
||
of the plate above cited, is identical in form with those referred to
|
||
<emphasis box="[572,756,1584,1612]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="199">
|
||
<taxonomicName box="[572,751,1584,1612]" class="Reptilia" family="Hadrosauridae" genus="Hadrosaurus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Dinosauria" pageId="2" pageNumber="199" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">Hadrosaurus</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
and differs only in the absence of the rugulations of the lateral borders of the crown, and in some less important points.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph blockId="2.[391,1561,555,2522]" pageId="2" pageNumber="199">
|
||
The remaining specimens of teeth referred with the former to
|
||
<emphasis box="[1401,1550,1650,1678]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="199">
|
||
<taxonomicName box="[1401,1545,1650,1678]" class="Reptilia" family="Hadrosauridae" genus="Trachodon" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Dinosauria" pageId="2" pageNumber="199" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">Trachodon</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
are represented in
|
||
<figureCitation box="[686,839,1683,1711]" captionText="1-20. Trachodon mirabilis 21-48. Deinodon horridus 49-52. Palaeoscincus costatus 53-55. Troodon formosus." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1068922/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="199" targetBox="[57,1772,29,2210]" targetPageId="17">figs. 7—20</figureCitation>
|
||
of the plate cited. Most of them are so worn and probably altered from their original
|
||
<emphasis box="[1030,1101,1716,1744]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="199">form</emphasis>
|
||
, that it is rendered uncertain whether they belong to the same animal as the preceding tooth, and one unworn (
|
||
<figureCitation box="[539,716,1783,1811]" captionText="1-20. Trachodon mirabilis 21-48. Deinodon horridus 49-52. Palaeoscincus costatus 53-55. Troodon formosus." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1068922/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="199" targetBox="[57,1772,29,2210]" targetPageId="17">figs. 18—20</figureCitation>
|
||
) has a very different shape from this. Perhaps these specimens belonged to another Dinosaur, for which the name
|
||
<taxonomicName box="[1317,1456,1816,1844]" class="Reptilia" family="Hadrosauridae" genus="Trachodon" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Dinosauria" pageId="2" pageNumber="199" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis box="[1317,1456,1816,1844]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="199">Trachodon</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
might be reserved, while that of
|
||
<taxonomicName box="[794,971,1849,1877]" class="Reptilia" family="Hadrosauridae" genus="Hadrosaurus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Dinosauria" pageId="2" pageNumber="199" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis box="[794,971,1849,1877]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="199">Hadrosaurus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
might include the first mentioned and more characteristic tooth.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph blockId="2.[391,1561,555,2522]" pageId="2" pageNumber="199">
|
||
As
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Mantell" authorityYear="1825" box="[494,638,1916,1944]" class="Reptilia" family="Iguanodontidae" genus="Iguanodon" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Dinosauria" pageId="2" pageNumber="199" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis box="[494,638,1916,1944]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="199">Iguanodon</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
had its enemy in a species of
|
||
<emphasis box="[1135,1493,1916,1944]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="199">
|
||
<taxonomicName authority="Buckland, 1824" authorityName="Buckland" authorityYear="1822" box="[1135,1321,1916,1944]" class="Reptilia" family="Megalosauridae" genus="Megalosaurus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Dinosauria" pageId="2" pageNumber="199" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">Megalosaurus</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName box="[1342,1488,1916,1944]" class="Reptilia" family="Hadrosauridae" genus="Trachodon" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Dinosauria" pageId="2" pageNumber="199" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">Trachodon</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
the representative of the former both in the western and eastern portions of the North American continent, was accompanied by an equally
|
||
<emphasis box="[1371,1554,1982,2010]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="199">bloodthirsty</emphasis>
|
||
enemy, which may, perhaps, on nearer comparison of corresponding parts, prove to be another species of the same genus, until now supposed to be
|
||
<emphasis box="[405,532,2082,2110]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="199">different</emphasis>
|
||
, under the names of
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Leidy" authorityYear="1856" box="[849,965,2082,2110]" class="Reptilia" family="Tyrannosauridae" genus="Dinodon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Dinosauria" pageId="2" pageNumber="199" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis box="[849,965,2082,2110]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="199">Dinodon</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<emphasis box="[1043,1149,2082,2110]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="199">
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Cope" authorityYear="1866" box="[1043,1145,2082,2110]" class="Arachnida" family="Tyrannosauridae" genus="Laelaps" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Dinosauria" pageId="2" pageNumber="199" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">Laelaps</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph blockId="2.[391,1561,555,2522]" pageId="2" pageNumber="199">
|
||
Prof. Cope remarks of
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Cope" authorityYear="1866" box="[775,874,2115,2143]" class="Arachnida" family="Tyrannosauridae" genus="Laelaps" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Dinosauria" pageId="2" pageNumber="199" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis box="[775,874,2115,2143]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="199">Laelaps</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(
|
||
<treatmentCitation author="Cope" box="[898,1213,2115,2143]" httpUri="http://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/html/A52387D30775FFC1FF97FAB1B85ED2A6" pageId="2" pageNumber="199" year="1866">
|
||
Pr. A.
|
||
<emphasis box="[990,1016,2115,2143]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="199">N</emphasis>
|
||
. S. 1866, 276
|
||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||
), that “in
|
||
<emphasis box="[1363,1397,2115,2143]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="199">its</emphasis>
|
||
dentition and huge prehensile claws it resembled closely
|
||
<emphasis box="[1122,1312,2147,2175]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="199">
|
||
<taxonomicName authority="Buckland, 1824" authorityName="Buckland" authorityYear="1822" box="[1122,1306,2147,2175]" class="Reptilia" family="Megalosauridae" genus="Megalosaurus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Dinosauria" pageId="2" pageNumber="199" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">Megalosaurus</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
but the
|
||
<emphasis box="[1458,1547,2147,2175]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="199">femur</emphasis>
|
||
, resembling in its proximal regions more nearly the
|
||
<emphasis box="[1189,1340,2181,2209]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="199">lguanodon,</emphasis>
|
||
indicated the probable existence of other equally important
|
||
<emphasis box="[1102,1262,2214,2242]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="199">differences</emphasis>
|
||
, and its pertinence to another genus.” Thus the genus is especially distinguished by the apparent peculiarity of the
|
||
<emphasis box="[755,844,2279,2307]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="199">femur</emphasis>
|
||
, but in
|
||
<emphasis box="[973,1017,2279,2307]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="199">my</emphasis>
|
||
estimation even this disappears if the bone referred to
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Cope" authorityYear="1866" box="[716,814,2311,2339]" class="Arachnida" family="Tyrannosauridae" genus="Laelaps" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Dinosauria" pageId="2" pageNumber="199" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis box="[716,814,2311,2339]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="199">Laelaps</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
be viewed in the corresponding position to that of
|
||
<emphasis box="[450,645,2345,2373]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="199">
|
||
<taxonomicName authority="Buckland, 1824" baseAuthorityName="Eudes-Deslongchamps" baseAuthorityYear="1837" box="[450,640,2345,2373]" class="Reptilia" family="Megalosauridae" genus="Megalosaurus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Dinosauria" pageId="2" pageNumber="199" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="bucklandi">M. Bucklandi</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
represented in pl. vii, pt.
|
||
<emphasis box="[1049,1083,2345,2373]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="199">iii</emphasis>
|
||
, of Prof. Owen’s Monograph of the Fossil Reptiles of the
|
||
<emphasis box="[799,929,2377,2405]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="199">Wealden</emphasis>
|
||
, which appears to me to be the reversed one to that in which Prof
|
||
<emphasis box="[812,883,2410,2438]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="199">Cope</emphasis>
|
||
has described it in
|
||
<treatmentCitation author="Cope" box="[1183,1511,2410,2438]" httpUri="http://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/html/A52387D30775FFC1FF97FAB1B85ED2A6" pageId="2" pageNumber="199" year="1866">
|
||
Pr. A.
|
||
<emphasis box="[1285,1312,2410,2438]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="199">N</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis box="[1331,1353,2410,2438]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="199">S</emphasis>
|
||
. 1866, 276
|
||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph blockId="2.[391,1561,555,2522]" lastBlockId="3.[392,1558,549,2511]" lastPageId="3" lastPageNumber="200" pageId="2" pageNumber="199">
|
||
The teeth of
|
||
<emphasis box="[635,832,2442,2470]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="199">
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Leidy" authorityYear="1853" box="[635,828,2442,2470]" class="Reptilia" family="Sphenacodontidae" genus="Bathygnathus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Pelycosauria" pageId="2" pageNumber="199" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">Bathygnathus</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
a huge carnivorous reptile, whose remains have been found in the triassic red sandstone of Prince Edward’s Island, have the same form as those of
|
||
<emphasis box="[825,1147,584,612]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="200">
|
||
<taxonomicName authority="Buckland, 1824" authorityName="Buckland" authorityYear="1822" box="[825,1013,584,612]" class="Reptilia" family="Megalosauridae" genus="Megalosaurus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Dinosauria" pageId="3" pageNumber="200" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">Megalosaurus</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Leidy" authorityYear="1856" box="[1032,1147,584,612]" class="Reptilia" family="Tyrannosauridae" genus="Dinodon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Dinosauria" pageId="3" pageNumber="200" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">Dinodon</taxonomicName>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
and
|
||
<emphasis box="[1227,1334,584,612]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="200">
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Cope" authorityYear="1866" box="[1227,1330,584,612]" class="Arachnida" family="Tyrannosauridae" genus="Laelaps" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Dinosauria" pageId="3" pageNumber="200" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">Laelaps</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
But here, so far as we have the corresponding parts for comparison, the resemblance ceases. The remarkable depth of the dentary bone in relation with its length in
|
||
<emphasis box="[553,751,684,712]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="200">
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Leidy" authorityYear="1853" box="[553,746,684,712]" class="Reptilia" family="Sphenacodontidae" genus="Bathygnathus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Pelycosauria" pageId="3" pageNumber="200" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">Bathygnathus</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
indicates a form of head very different from that of
|
||
<taxonomicName authority="Buckland, 1824" authorityName="Buckland" authorityYear="1822" box="[405,589,717,745]" class="Reptilia" family="Megalosauridae" genus="Megalosaurus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Dinosauria" pageId="3" pageNumber="200" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis box="[405,589,717,745]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="200">Megalosaurus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and its American representatives. It was this unusual relation of depth to breadth which led me to suspect a form of head more in accordance with that of the skeleton of an upright animal, and led me to ask the question, “was this animal probably not one of the bipeds which made the so-called bird tracks of the New Red Sandstone of the valley of the Connecticut?” (See Jour. Ac. Nat. Sc. 1854, 329)
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph blockId="3.[392,1558,549,2511]" pageId="3" pageNumber="200">
|
||
Subsequently, in examining the remains of
|
||
<emphasis box="[1135,1322,916,944]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="200">
|
||
<taxonomicName box="[1135,1317,916,944]" class="Reptilia" family="Hadrosauridae" genus="Hadrosaurus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Dinosauria" pageId="3" pageNumber="200" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">Hadrosaurus</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
the American representative of
|
||
<emphasis box="[668,818,950,978]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="200">
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Mantell" authorityYear="1825" box="[668,813,950,978]" class="Reptilia" family="Iguanodontidae" genus="Iguanodon" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Dinosauria" pageId="3" pageNumber="200" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">Iguanodon</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
from the great disproportion between the fore and hind parts of the body, I was led “to suspect that this great herbivorous lizard sustained itself in a semi-erect position on the huge hinder extremities and tail, while it browsed on plants growing upon the shores of the ocean.” (Cret. Rept, of the U. S. 1865, 97.)
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph blockId="3.[392,1558,549,2511]" pageId="3" pageNumber="200">
|
||
The remains referred to
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Cope" authorityYear="1866" box="[819,916,1116,1144]" class="Arachnida" family="Tyrannosauridae" genus="Laelaps" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Dinosauria" pageId="3" pageNumber="200" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis box="[819,916,1116,1144]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="200">Laelaps</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
exhibit even a far greater disproportion between the fore and hind limbs than in
|
||
<emphasis box="[1044,1228,1149,1177]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="200">
|
||
<taxonomicName box="[1044,1223,1149,1177]" class="Reptilia" family="Hadrosauridae" genus="Hadrosaurus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Dinosauria" pageId="3" pageNumber="200" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">Hadrosaurus</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
which, together with its long bird-like claws, etc., suggested to Prof. Cope a similar position
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" box="[1526,1556,1182,1210]" pageId="3" pageNumber="200">of</emphasis>
|
||
body to that of
|
||
<emphasis box="[637,822,1215,1243]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="200">
|
||
<taxonomicName box="[637,818,1215,1243]" class="Reptilia" family="Hadrosauridae" genus="Hadrosaurus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Dinosauria" pageId="3" pageNumber="200" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">Hadrosaurus</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
and a use of the hind limbs in attack upon the prey of the animal analagous with that in the eagle (
|
||
<treatmentCitation author="Cope" box="[1207,1538,1248,1276]" httpUri="http://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/html/A52387D30775FFC1FF97FAB1B85ED2A6" pageId="3" pageNumber="200" year="1866">Pr. A. N. S. 1866, 279</treatmentCitation>
|
||
). The extraordinary disproportion between the fore and hind limbs of
|
||
<emphasis box="[1448,1552,1282,1310]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="200">
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Cope" authorityYear="1866" box="[1448,1547,1282,1310]" class="Arachnida" family="Tyrannosauridae" genus="Laelaps" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Dinosauria" pageId="3" pageNumber="200" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">Laelaps</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
which appears to me so closely related with
|
||
<emphasis box="[1083,1275,1315,1343]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="200">
|
||
<taxonomicName authority="Buckland, 1824" authorityName="Buckland" authorityYear="1822" box="[1083,1271,1315,1343]" class="Reptilia" family="Megalosauridae" genus="Megalosaurus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Dinosauria" pageId="3" pageNumber="200" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">Megalosaurus</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
leads me to suspect that the remains described by Buckland, Cuvier, Owen and others, and attributed to the shoulder of
|
||
<taxonomicName authority="Buckland, 1824" baseAuthorityName="Eudes-Deslongchamps" baseAuthorityYear="1837" box="[846,1037,1381,1409]" class="Reptilia" family="Megalosauridae" genus="Megalosaurus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Dinosauria" pageId="3" pageNumber="200" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="bucklandi">
|
||
<emphasis box="[846,881,1381,1409]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="200">M.</emphasis>
|
||
Bucklandi
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, perhaps, at least in part, belong to the pelvis, if they in whole or part do not belong to other animals. Had the humerus of
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Cope" authorityYear="1866" box="[640,738,1447,1475]" class="Arachnida" family="Tyrannosauridae" genus="Laelaps" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Dinosauria" pageId="3" pageNumber="200" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis box="[640,738,1447,1475]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="200">Laelaps</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
been found isolated, I never would have thought of associating it in the same skeleton with the huge bones of the hinder
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" box="[1503,1548,1481,1509]" pageId="3" pageNumber="200">extremity</emphasis>
|
||
of that animal. Perhaps, when this great disproportion comes to be known, it may be discovered that there exist specimens of remains of the fore limbs of
|
||
<emphasis box="[605,795,1581,1609]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="200">
|
||
<taxonomicName authority="Buckland, 1824" authorityName="Buckland" authorityYear="1822" box="[605,789,1581,1609]" class="Reptilia" family="Megalosauridae" genus="Megalosaurus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Dinosauria" pageId="3" pageNumber="200" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">Megalosaurus</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
from the Wealden, in the British or other museums of England, which heretofore have excited no suspicion as to their true relations.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph blockId="3.[392,1558,549,2511]" pageId="3" pageNumber="200">
|
||
<emphasis box="[436,617,1681,1709]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="200">
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="von Meyer" authorityYear="1861" box="[436,612,1681,1709]" class="Reptilia" family="Megalosauridae" genus="Teratosaurus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Saurischia" pageId="3" pageNumber="200" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">Teratosaurus</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
from the upper Keuper, in the vicinity of Stuttgart, described by Meyer (Palaeontographica, 1859-61, 258), approached
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Leidy" authorityYear="1853" box="[1269,1458,1713,1741]" class="Reptilia" family="Sphenacodontidae" genus="Bathygnathus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Pelycosauria" pageId="3" pageNumber="200" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis box="[1269,1458,1713,1741]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="200">Bathygnathus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
most in the proportions of its face, as well as resembled it in the form of the teeth, but the fossil dentarybone of the latter is even still shorter and deeper than would relate to the fossil maxillary of the former.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |