treatments-xml/data/BA/6F/B1/BA6FB12F441AD33A7EEAFF2CFCE1F84F.xml

<document id="2C9444FE3642D007B75D9DA22B453194" ID-DOI="10.11646/phytotaxa.343.1.9" ID-ISSN="1179-3163" ID-Zenodo-Dep="13718682" IM.bibliography_approvedBy="felipe" IM.illustrations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" IM.treatmentCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.treatments_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1725654801408" checkinUser="felipe" docAuthor="Broeck, Dries Van Den &amp; Ertz, Damien" docDate="2018" docId="BA6FB12F441AD33A7EEAFF2CFCE1F84F" docLanguage="en" docName="phytotaxa.343.1.9.pdf" docOrigin="Phytotaxa 343 (1)" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.343.1.9" docStyle="DocumentStyle:96748F8F1B6C902996E134952A3A36B9.13:Phytotaxa.2014-.journal_article" docStyleId="96748F8F1B6C902996E134952A3A36B9" docStyleName="Phytotaxa.2014-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="13" docTitle="Enterographa confusa Ertz &amp; Van den Broeck 2018, spec. nov." docType="treatment" docVersion="2" lastPageNumber="90" masterDocId="4656C957441BD33B7E62FFD8FFA1FF80" masterDocTitle="Enterographa confusa sp. nov. (Roccellaceae, Arthoniales) discovered by chance in type material of its host lichen Arthonia ochraceella, described more than a century ago" masterLastPageNumber="93" masterPageNumber="89" pageNumber="90" updateTime="1725665439853" updateUser="ExternalLinkService" zenodo-license-figures="UNSPECIFIED" zenodo-license-treatments="UNSPECIFIED">
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<mods:title id="639338DA888131B18C19E0477B336147">Enterographa confusa sp. nov. (Roccellaceae, Arthoniales) discovered by chance in type material of its host lichen Arthonia ochraceella, described more than a century ago</mods:title>
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<mods:name id="31E4EE8C164A600B58466D1175230754" type="personal">
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<mods:namePart id="DE9F3536B8A4D7034CAEC7B80AE00266">Broeck, Dries Van Den</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="E01074741DE47F7910B7254B70F687F5">Botanic Garden Meise, Department of Research, Nieuwelaan 38, BE 1860 Meise, Belgium; &amp; University of Antwerp, Groenenborgerlaan 171, BE 2020 Antwerp, Belgium.</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="55406DDDA504C147A6630A8FE0E48A36">Ertz, Damien</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="5EE969692929AC88135662B6C3733503">Botanic Garden Meise, Department of Research, Nieuwelaan 38, BE 1860 Meise, Belgium; &amp; Fédération Wallonie-Bruxelles, Direction Générale de l’Enseignement non obligatoire et de la Recherche scientifique, Rue A. Lavallée 1, BE 1080 Bruxelles, Belgium</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:title id="C6431F12A60D61561A163D498A7F09CB">Phytotaxa</mods:title>
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<mods:date id="5B959CD1DA294A9E31FFE0A6C07C1DB3">2018</mods:date>
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<treatment id="BA6FB12F441AD33A7EEAFF2CFCE1F84F" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13718686" ID-Zenodo-Dep="13718686" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:BA6FB12F441AD33A7EEAFF2CFCE1F84F" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/BA6FB12F441AD33A7EEAFF2CFCE1F84F" lastPageNumber="90" pageId="1" pageNumber="90">
<subSubSection id="7ADC53B2441AD33A7EEAFF2CFEE0FEB1" pageId="1" pageNumber="90" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="32790039441AD33A7EEAFF2CFCC6FE8F" blockId="1.[136,871,244,271]" box="[136,871,244,271]" pageId="1" pageNumber="90">
<heading id="6931B755441AD33A7EEAFF2CFCC6FE8F" box="[136,871,244,271]" fontSize="11" level="2" pageId="1" pageNumber="90" reason="3">
<taxonomicName id="F5C67BBA441AD33A7EEAFF2CFD38FE8F" authority="Ertz &amp; Van den Broeck" authorityName="Ertz &amp; Van den Broeck" authorityYear="2018" box="[136,665,244,271]" class="Lecanoromycetes" family="Graphidaceae" genus="Enterographa" kingdom="Fungi" order="Ostropales" pageId="1" pageNumber="90" phylum="Ascomycota" rank="species" species="confusa" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="00B2DC2B441AD33A7EEAFF2CFE2CFE8E" bold="true" box="[136,397,244,271]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="90">Enterographa confusa</emphasis>
Ertz &amp; Van den Broeck
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="00B2DC2B441AD33A7CFDFF2EFCACFE8F" box="[671,781,246,271]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="90">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="1B816150441AD33A7CFDFF2EFCACFE8F" box="[671,781,246,271]" pageId="1" pageNumber="90" rank="species">spec. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
(
<figureCitation id="AAFD1CBC441AD33A7D7EFF2EFCFDFE8F" box="[796,860,246,271]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="2.[136,229,1957,1978]" captionTargetBox="[202,1386,187,1928]" captionTargetId="figure-15@2.[202,1386,187,1928]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="FIGURE 1. Enterographa confusa (A–E, holotype, G). A. E. confusa (black arrows point to ascomata of the lichenicolous fungi) forming a paler, whitish area in the thallus of its host, Arthonia ochraceella (white arrows point to ascomata of the host lichen). B. Ascomata of E. confusa. C. Asci in water. D. asci in KI showing the KI+ blue apical ring. E. Ascospores in water. Scale in A = 500 μm, in B = 100 μm, in C–D = 10 μm, in E = 5 μm. (Photos D. Ertz)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13718684" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13718684/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="90">Fig. 1</figureCitation>
)
</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="32790039441AD33A7EEAFEC4FEE0FEB1" blockId="1.[136,1451,284,413]" box="[136,321,284,305]" pageId="1" pageNumber="90">MycoBank 823817</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="7ADC53B2441AD33A7EEAFE98FBFBFEF9" pageId="1" pageNumber="90" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph id="32790039441AD33A7EEAFE98FBFBFEF9" blockId="1.[136,1451,284,413]" pageId="1" pageNumber="90">
<emphasis id="00B2DC2B441AD33A7EEAFE98FF48FED5" box="[136,233,320,341]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="90">Diagnosis</emphasis>
: A lichenicolous species of 
<taxonomicName id="F5C67BBA441AD33A7F90FE98FDD9FED5" authorityName="Fee" authorityYear="1825" box="[498,632,320,341]" class="Lecanoromycetes" family="Graphidaceae" genus="Enterographa" kingdom="Fungi" order="Ostropales" pageId="1" pageNumber="90" phylum="Ascomycota" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="00B2DC2B441AD33A7F90FE98FDD9FED5" box="[498,632,320,341]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="90">Enterographa</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
characterized by punctiform ascomata immersed in the host thallus, (6–)8-spored asci and 3-septate ascospores of 17–23 × (2.5–)3 μm with a distinct gelatinous sheath of 1.5(–2) μm.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="7ADC53B2441AD33A7EEAFE50FD72FD63" pageId="1" pageNumber="90" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="32790039441AD33A7EEAFE50FC1DFE1D" blockId="1.[136,1451,284,413]" box="[136,956,392,413]" pageId="1" pageNumber="90">
<emphasis id="00B2DC2B441AD33A7EEAFE50FF63FE1D" bold="true" box="[136,194,392,413]" pageId="1" pageNumber="90">Type:</emphasis>
— 
<materialsCitation id="82AE0A64441AD33A7EBEFE50FC18FE1D" box="[220,953,392,413]" collectorName="C. Wright" country="Cuba" location="CUBA" pageId="1" pageNumber="90" specimenCount="1" typeStatus="holotype">
<collectingCountry id="4AD140A9441AD33A7EBEFE50FE81FE1D" box="[220,288,392,413]" name="Cuba" pageId="1" pageNumber="90">CUBA</collectingCountry>
. 
<emphasis id="00B2DC2B441AD33A7F4BFE50FE27FE1D" box="[297,390,392,413]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="90">
<collectorName id="9F3365EF441AD33A7F4BFE50FE27FE1D" box="[297,390,392,413]" pageId="1" pageNumber="90">C. Wright</collectorName>
</emphasis>
, #Graphid. Cub. 121c (
<typeStatus id="ED7DBE9B441AD33A7C0AFE50FD1FFE1D" box="[616,702,392,413]" pageId="1" pageNumber="90" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
G!; barcode G00290277)
</materialsCitation>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="32790039441AD33A7EEAFE16FD72FD63" blockId="1.[136,1453,462,1999]" pageId="1" pageNumber="90">
<emphasis id="00B2DC2B441AD33A7EEAFE16FF7DFE67" box="[136,220,462,487]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="90">Thallus</emphasis>
absent (lichenicolous). 
<emphasis id="00B2DC2B441AD33A7F8AFE16FDF7FE67" box="[488,598,462,487]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="90">Ascomata</emphasis>
punctiform, immersed in the host thallus, emarginate, discrete or rarely two confluent, 60–115 μm diam.; hymenial disc exposed, pale yellowish to pale brown. 
<emphasis id="00B2DC2B441AD33A7A5FFE2AFB14FD8B" box="[1085,1205,498,523]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="90">Excipulum</emphasis>
hyaline, rudimentary, not well separated from the hymenium and the epihymenium. 
<emphasis id="00B2DC2B441AD33A7D59FDCEFC74FDAF" box="[827,981,534,559]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="90">Epihymenium</emphasis>
hyaline to pale yellowish, I+ immediately red, KI+ blue. 
<emphasis id="00B2DC2B441AD33A7F5FFDE2FE17FDD3" box="[317,438,570,595]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="90">Hymenium</emphasis>
hyaline, not inspersed, 60–80 μm; hymenial gel I+ immediately dark red, KI+ blue. 
<emphasis id="00B2DC2B441AD33A7EEAFD86FE84FDF7" box="[136,293,606,631]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="90">Subhymenium</emphasis>
hyaline, c. 10–15 μm. 
<emphasis id="00B2DC2B441AD33A7C51FD86FD6CFDF7" box="[563,717,606,631]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="90">Paraphysoids</emphasis>
branched, anastomosed, 1–2 μm, not or slightly enlarged at the apex. 
<emphasis id="00B2DC2B441AD33A7EAEFD5AFF5DFD1B" box="[204,252,642,667]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="90">Asci</emphasis>
ellipsoid to clavate, (6–)8-spored, 40–48 × 13–16 μm; wall with a distinct I+ red, KI+ blue ring around a tiny ocular chamber. 
<emphasis id="00B2DC2B441AD33A7F17FD7EFE52FD3F" box="[373,499,678,703]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="90">Ascospores</emphasis>
hyaline, fusiform, 3-septate, 17–23 × (2.5–)3 μm (N=20); gelatinous sheath distinct, hyaline, 1.5(–2) μm in water. 
<emphasis id="00B2DC2B441AD33A7FB7FD12FDC6FD63" box="[469,615,714,739]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="90">Conidiomata</emphasis>
not seen.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="7ADC53B2441AD33A7EDFFD36FD86FCAB" pageId="1" pageNumber="90" type="etymology">
<paragraph id="32790039441AD33A7EDFFD36FD86FCAB" blockId="1.[136,1453,462,1999]" pageId="1" pageNumber="90">
<emphasis id="00B2DC2B441AD33A7EDFFD36FEE9FC87" bold="true" box="[189,328,750,775]" pageId="1" pageNumber="90">Etymology:</emphasis>
—The specific epithet refers to the possible confusion of the ascomata of the lichenicolous fungus with younger ones of the host lichen.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="7ADC53B2441AD33A7EDFFCEEFEEBFCF3" pageId="1" pageNumber="90" type="distribution">
<paragraph id="32790039441AD33A7EDFFCEEFEEBFCF3" blockId="1.[136,1453,462,1999]" pageId="1" pageNumber="90">
<emphasis id="00B2DC2B441AD33A7EDFFCEEFE4FFCCF" bold="true" box="[189,494,822,847]" pageId="1" pageNumber="90">Distribution and ecology:</emphasis>
—The species is only known from the 
<typeStatus id="ED7DBE9B441AD33A7DC6FCEEFC75FCCF" box="[932,980,822,847]" pageId="1" pageNumber="90">type</typeStatus>
locality of its host, 
<taxonomicName id="F5C67BBA441AD33A7AD7FCEEFA05FCCF" box="[1205,1444,822,847]" class="Lecanoromycetes" family="Graphidaceae" genus="Arthonia" kingdom="Fungi" order="Ostropales" pageId="1" pageNumber="90" phylum="Ascomycota" rank="species" species="ochraceella">
<emphasis id="00B2DC2B441AD33A7AD7FCEEFA05FCCF" box="[1205,1444,822,847]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="90">Arthonia ochraceella</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, in 
<collectingCountry id="4AD140A9441AD33A7EC7FC82FF42FCF3" box="[165,227,858,883]" name="Cuba" pageId="1" pageNumber="90">Cuba</collectingCountry>
, on bark.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="7ADC53B2441AD33A7EDFFCA6FCE1F84F" pageId="1" pageNumber="90" type="discussion">
<paragraph id="32790039441AD33A7EDFFCA6FDDEF8E3" blockId="1.[136,1453,462,1999]" pageId="1" pageNumber="90">
<emphasis id="00B2DC2B441AD33A7EDFFCA6FE95FC17" bold="true" box="[189,308,894,919]" pageId="1" pageNumber="90">Remarks:</emphasis>
—The new species is lichenicolous on the thallus of 
<taxonomicName id="F5C67BBA441AD33A7D15FCA6FBC4FC17" box="[887,1125,894,919]" class="Lecanoromycetes" family="Graphidaceae" genus="Arthonia" kingdom="Fungi" order="Ostropales" pageId="1" pageNumber="90" phylum="Ascomycota" rank="species" species="ochraceella">
<emphasis id="00B2DC2B441AD33A7D15FCA6FBC4FC17" box="[887,1125,894,919]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="90">Arthonia ochraceella</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and can be easily overlooked because the ascomata are tiny, pale and of similar colour than those of the host. It was discovered by chance by examining a 
<typeStatus id="ED7DBE9B441AD33A7F79FC1EFEEAFC5F" box="[283,331,966,991]" pageId="1" pageNumber="90">type</typeStatus>
specimen of 
<taxonomicName id="F5C67BBA441AD33A7F84FC1EFD77FC5F" box="[486,726,966,991]" class="Lecanoromycetes" family="Graphidaceae" genus="Arthonia" kingdom="Fungi" order="Ostropales" pageId="1" pageNumber="90" phylum="Ascomycota" rank="species" species="ochraceella">
<emphasis id="00B2DC2B441AD33A7F84FC1EFD77FC5F" box="[486,726,966,991]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="90">Arthonia ochraceella</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
from herbarium G (G00290277). At first, we did not notice the presence of a lichenicolous fungus on the specimen. By doing a cross section of what we believed to be a young ascoma or pycnidium of 
<taxonomicName id="F5C67BBA441AD33A7F26FBD6FD93FBA7" box="[324,562,1038,1063]" class="Lecanoromycetes" family="Graphidaceae" genus="Arthonia" kingdom="Fungi" order="Ostropales" pageId="1" pageNumber="90" phylum="Ascomycota" rank="species" species="ochraceella">
<emphasis id="00B2DC2B441AD33A7F26FBD6FD93FBA7" box="[324,562,1038,1063]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="90">Arthonia ochraceella</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and by its examination under the microscope, it became immediately clear that the fungus was not related to 
<taxonomicName id="F5C67BBA441AD33A7FAAFBEAFDFCFBCB" box="[456,605,1074,1099]" class="Arthoniomycetes" family="Arthoniaceae" kingdom="Fungi" order="Arthoniales" pageId="1" pageNumber="90" phylum="Ascomycota" rank="family">Arthoniaceae</taxonomicName>
because of the combination of ellipsoid to clavate asci with a thin upper wall and the fusiform narrow ascospores having a thick gelatinous sheath. Once detected, the ascomata of the lichenicolous fungus were rather easy to distinguish from those of the host that are much larger when mature, often slightly darker and elongated. The thallus of the host becomes also slightly paler when the lichenicolous fungus is present. Moreover, 
<taxonomicName id="F5C67BBA441AD33A7EEAFB1AFE8AFB5B" box="[136,299,1218,1243]" class="Lecanoromycetes" family="Graphidaceae" genus="Arthonia" kingdom="Fungi" order="Ostropales" pageId="1" pageNumber="90" phylum="Ascomycota" rank="species" species="ochraceella">
<emphasis id="00B2DC2B441AD33A7EEAFB1AFE8AFB5B" box="[136,299,1218,1243]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="90">A. ochraceella</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is very different microscopically having 
<taxonomicName id="F5C67BBA441AD33A7C9AFB1AFCFDFB5B" authorityName="E.Acharius" authorityYear="1806" box="[760,860,1218,1243]" class="Lecanoromycetes" family="Graphidaceae" genus="Arthonia" kingdom="Fungi" order="Ostropales" pageId="1" pageNumber="90" phylum="Ascomycota" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="00B2DC2B441AD33A7C9AFB1AFCFDFB5B" box="[760,860,1218,1243]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="90">Arthonia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<typeStatus id="ED7DBE9B441AD33A7D00FB1AFC33FB5B" box="[866,914,1218,1243]" pageId="1" pageNumber="90">type</typeStatus>
asci and much larger macrocephalic ascospores (see description below). The new species fits well with the genus 
<taxonomicName id="F5C67BBA441AD33A7DE0FB3EFBBFFB7F" authorityName="Fee" authorityYear="1825" box="[898,1054,1254,1279]" class="Lecanoromycetes" family="Graphidaceae" genus="Enterographa" kingdom="Fungi" order="Ostropales" pageId="1" pageNumber="90" phylum="Ascomycota" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="00B2DC2B441AD33A7DE0FB3EFBBFFB7F" box="[898,1054,1254,1279]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="90">Enterographa</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
by emarginate ascomata, ellipsoid to clavate asci with a KI+ blue ring and transversally septate, isolocular, and fusiform ascospores usually having a distinct gelatinous sheath. Among the lichenicolous 
<taxonomicName id="F5C67BBA441AD33A7C95FAF6FC50FAC7" box="[759,1009,1326,1351]" pageId="1" pageNumber="90">
<emphasis id="00B2DC2B441AD33A7C95FAF6FC32FAC7" box="[759,915,1326,1351]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="90">Enterographa</emphasis>
species
</taxonomicName>
, 
<taxonomicName id="F5C67BBA441AD33A7D9DFAF6FAF2FAC7" authority="Ertz &amp; Diederich" authorityName="Ertz &amp; Diederich" box="[1023,1363,1326,1351]" class="Lecanoromycetes" family="Graphidaceae" genus="Enterographa" kingdom="Fungi" order="Ostropales" pageId="1" pageNumber="90" phylum="Ascomycota" rank="species" species="punctata">
<emphasis id="00B2DC2B441AD33A7D9DFAF6FB22FAC7" box="[1023,1155,1326,1351]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="90">E. punctata</emphasis>
Ertz &amp; Diederich
</taxonomicName>
in Ertz 
<emphasis id="00B2DC2B441AD33A7EEAFA8AFF62FAEB" box="[136,195,1362,1387]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="90">et al.</emphasis>
(2005: 128) known from 
<collectingCountry id="4AD140A9441AD33A7F92FA8AFDC3FAEB" box="[496,610,1362,1387]" name="Sri Lanka" pageId="1" pageNumber="90">Sri Lanka</collectingCountry>
, is the most similar and differs by gall-inducing ascomata, slightly larger ascomata (up to 170 μm diam.), a taller hymenium that is I+ persistently blue above, 6-spored asci and a different host lichen genus (an unidentified 
<taxonomicName id="F5C67BBA441AD33A7C7EFA42FD73FA33" box="[540,722,1434,1459]" pageId="1" pageNumber="90">
<emphasis id="00B2DC2B441AD33A7C7EFA42FDD7FA33" box="[540,630,1434,1459]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="90">Lobaria</emphasis>
species
</taxonomicName>
with a green photobiont). 
<taxonomicName id="F5C67BBA441AD33A7A6FFA42FEB0FA57" authority="F. Seavey &amp; J. Seavey" authorityName="F. Seavey &amp; J. Seavey" class="Lecanoromycetes" family="Graphidaceae" genus="Enterographa" kingdom="Fungi" order="Ostropales" pageId="1" pageNumber="90" phylum="Ascomycota" rank="species" species="bagliettoae">
<emphasis id="00B2DC2B441AD33A7A6FFA42FA90FA33" box="[1037,1329,1434,1459]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="90">Enterographa bagliettoae</emphasis>
F. Seavey &amp; J. Seavey
</taxonomicName>
in 
<bibRefCitation id="56577DC8441AD33A7F55FA66FDF7FA57" author="Seavey, F. &amp; Seavey, J. &amp; Gagnon, J. &amp; Guccion, J. &amp; Kaminsky, B. &amp; Pearson, J. &amp; Podaril, A. &amp; Randall, B." box="[311,598,1470,1495]" pageId="1" pageNumber="90" pagination="201 - 268" refId="ref4005" refString="Seavey, F., Seavey, J., Gagnon, J., Guccion, J., Kaminsky, B., Pearson, J., Podaril, A. &amp; Randall, B. (2017) The lichens of Dagny Johnson Key Largo Hammock botanical state park, Key Largo, Florida, USA. Bulletin Florida Museum Natural History 53: 201 - 268. Available from: https: // www. flmnh. ufl. edu / files / 5514 / 8822 / 4457 / Vol 53 No 5 LowResolution _ archival. pdf (accessed 1 March 2018)" type="journal article" year="2017">
Seavey 
<emphasis id="00B2DC2B441AD33A7FF2FA66FE68FA57" box="[400,457,1470,1495]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="90">et al.</emphasis>
(2017: 221)
</bibRefCitation>
is very different by ascomata immersed in raised white galls on the thallus of saxicolous 
<taxonomicName id="F5C67BBA441AD33A7F4AFA3AFE73FA7B" box="[296,466,1506,1531]" class="Eurotiomycetes" family="Verrucariaceae" kingdom="Fungi" order="Verrucariales" pageId="1" pageNumber="90" phylum="Ascomycota" rank="family">Verrucariaceae</taxonomicName>
. 
<taxonomicName id="F5C67BBA441AD33A7FBDFA3AFBB0FA7B" authority="C. A. Morse (2013: 234)" authorityName="C. A. Morse" authorityPageNumber="234" authorityYear="2013" box="[479,1041,1506,1531]" class="Lecanoromycetes" family="Graphidaceae" genus="Enterographa" kingdom="Fungi" order="Ostropales" pageId="1" pageNumber="90" phylum="Ascomycota" rank="species" species="osagensis">
<emphasis id="00B2DC2B441AD33A7FBDFA3AFD53FA7B" box="[479,754,1506,1531]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="90">Enterographa osagensis</emphasis>
C.A. 
<bibRefCitation id="56577DC8441AD33A7D58FA3AFBB0FA7B" author="Morse, C. A." box="[826,1041,1506,1531]" pageId="1" pageNumber="90" pagination="233 - 240" refId="ref3909" refString="Morse, C. A. (2013) A new lichenicolous Enterographa (Arthoniales, Roccellaceae) from central North America. Opuscula Philolichenum 12: 233 - 240." type="journal article" year="2013">Morse (2013: 234)</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
on saxicolous 
<taxonomicName id="F5C67BBA441AD33A7AA2FA3AFA84FA7B" box="[1216,1317,1506,1531]" class="Lecanoromycetes" family="Ramalinaceae" genus="Bacidina" kingdom="Fungi" order="Lecanorales" pageId="1" pageNumber="90" phylum="Ascomycota" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="00B2DC2B441AD33A7AA2FA3AFA84FA7B" box="[1216,1317,1506,1531]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="90">Bacidina</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
has shorter and wider spores, 12–15(–17.5) × 3.5–4.5 μm. 
<taxonomicName id="F5C67BBA441AD33A7CD0F9DEFA90F99F" authority="R. Sant. ex Matzer &amp; R. Sant." authorityName="Matzer &amp; R. Sant." box="[690,1329,1542,1567]" class="Lecanoromycetes" family="Graphidaceae" genus="Enterographa" kingdom="Fungi" order="Ostropales" pageId="1" pageNumber="90" phylum="Ascomycota" rank="species" species="mazosiae">
<emphasis id="00B2DC2B441AD33A7CD0F9DEFC60F99F" box="[690,961,1542,1567]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="90">Enterographa mazosiae</emphasis>
R. Sant. ex Matzer &amp; R. Sant.
</taxonomicName>
in 
<bibRefCitation id="56577DC8441AD33A7B3EF9DEFF5CF9C3" author="Matzer, M." pageId="1" pageNumber="90" refId="ref3879" refString="Matzer, M. (1996) Lichenicolous ascomycetes with fissitunicate asci on foliicolous lichens. [Mycological Papers 171.] CAB International, Wallingford, 202 pp." type="book" year="1996">Matzer (1996: 54)</bibRefCitation>
is lichenicolous on 
<taxonomicName id="F5C67BBA441AD33A7FB8F9F2FD98F9C3" box="[474,569,1578,1603]" class="Arthoniomycetes" family="Roccellaceae" genus="Mazosia" kingdom="Fungi" order="Arthoniales" pageId="1" pageNumber="90" phylum="Ascomycota" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="00B2DC2B441AD33A7FB8F9F2FD98F9C3" box="[474,569,1578,1603]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="90">Mazosia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and differs by distinctly lirelliform, stellately branched ascomata having a dark reddish to blackish hymenial disc (
<bibRefCitation id="56577DC8441AD33A7C69F996FD3FF9E7" author="Matzer, M." box="[523,670,1614,1639]" pageId="1" pageNumber="90" refId="ref3879" refString="Matzer, M. (1996) Lichenicolous ascomycetes with fissitunicate asci on foliicolous lichens. [Mycological Papers 171.] CAB International, Wallingford, 202 pp." type="book" year="1996">Matzer 1996</bibRefCitation>
; 
<bibRefCitation id="56577DC8441AD33A7CCBF996FCEBF9E7" author="Sparrius, L. B." box="[681,842,1614,1639]" pageId="1" pageNumber="90" pagination="1 - 141" refId="ref4114" refString="Sparrius, L. B. (2004) A monograph of Enterographa and Sclerophyton. Bibliotheca Lichenologica 89: 1 - 141." type="journal article" year="2004">Sparrius 2004</bibRefCitation>
). 
<taxonomicName id="F5C67BBA441AD33A7D39F996FF1AF90B" authority="Sparrius &amp; Aptroot (2007: 315)" authorityName="Sparrius &amp; Aptroot" authorityPageNumber="315" authorityYear="2007" class="Lecanoromycetes" family="Graphidaceae" genus="Enterographa" kingdom="Fungi" order="Ostropales" pageId="1" pageNumber="90" phylum="Ascomycota" rank="species" species="brezhonega">
<emphasis id="00B2DC2B441AD33A7D39F996FB21F9E7" box="[859,1152,1614,1639]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="90">Enterographa brezhonega</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="56577DC8441AD33A7AE4F996FF1AF90B" author="Sparrius, L. B. &amp; Aptroot, A." pageId="1" pageNumber="90" pagination="315 - 317" refId="ref4138" refString="Sparrius, L. B. &amp; Aptroot, A. (2007) A new lichenicolous Enterographa species from Britanny (France). The Lichenologist 39: 315 - 317. https: // doi. org / 10.1639 / 0007 - 2745 - 120.4.551" type="journal article" year="2007">Sparrius &amp; Aptroot (2007: 315)</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
is very different by shortly lirelliform ascomata immersed in pseudostromata, 4-spored asci, and (4–)6-septate ascospores. 
<taxonomicName id="F5C67BBA441AD33A7F73F94EFC16F92F" authority="(Serus.) Ertz, Diederich &amp; Sparrius" authorityName="Ertz, Diederich &amp; Sparrius" baseAuthorityName="Serus." box="[273,951,1686,1711]" class="Lecanoromycetes" family="Graphidaceae" genus="Enterographa" kingdom="Fungi" order="Ostropales" pageId="1" pageNumber="90" phylum="Ascomycota" rank="species" species="epiphylla">
<emphasis id="00B2DC2B441AD33A7F73F94EFDBCF92F" box="[273,541,1686,1711]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="90">Enterographa epiphylla</emphasis>
(Sérus.) Ertz, Diederich &amp; Sparrius
</taxonomicName>
in Ertz 
<emphasis id="00B2DC2B441AD33A7A77F94EFBEEF92F" box="[1045,1103,1686,1711]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="90">et al.</emphasis>
(2005: 126), 
<taxonomicName id="F5C67BBA441AD33A7A8EF94EFDECF953" authority="Yeshitela, Eb. Fisch., Killmann &amp; Serus." authorityName="Yeshitela, Eb. Fisch., Killmann &amp; Serus." class="Lecanoromycetes" family="Graphidaceae" genus="Enterographa" kingdom="Fungi" order="Ostropales" pageId="1" pageNumber="90" phylum="Ascomycota" rank="species" species="fellhaneroides">
<emphasis id="00B2DC2B441AD33A7A8EF94EFA0AF92F" box="[1260,1451,1686,1711]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="90">E. fellhaneroides</emphasis>
Yeshitela, Eb. Fisch., Killmann &amp; Sérus.
</taxonomicName>
in 
<bibRefCitation id="56577DC8441AD33A7C0CF962FC2EF953" author="Yeshitela, K. &amp; Fischer, E. &amp; Killmann, D. &amp; Serusiaux, E." box="[622,911,1722,1747]" pageId="1" pageNumber="90" pagination="17 - 23" refId="ref4211" refString="Yeshitela, K., Fischer, E., Killmann, D. &amp; Serusiaux, E. (2009) Two new foliicolous species of Enterographa (Roccellaceae) from Kenya. The Lichenologist 41: 17 - 23. https: // doi. org / 10.1017 / S 0024282909008299" type="journal article" year="2009">
Yeshitela 
<emphasis id="00B2DC2B441AD33A7CBEF962FCB5F953" box="[732,788,1722,1747]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="90">et al.</emphasis>
(2009: 18)
</bibRefCitation>
and 
<taxonomicName id="F5C67BBA441AD33A7DA6F962FF4CF977" authority="Yeshitela, Eb. Fisch., Killmann &amp; Serus." authorityName="Yeshitela, Eb. Fisch., Killmann &amp; Serus." class="Lecanoromycetes" family="Graphidaceae" genus="Enterographa" kingdom="Fungi" order="Ostropales" pageId="1" pageNumber="90" phylum="Ascomycota" rank="species" species="meklitiae">
<emphasis id="00B2DC2B441AD33A7DA6F962FBEBF953" box="[964,1098,1722,1747]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="90">E. meklitiae</emphasis>
Yeshitela, Eb. Fisch., Killmann &amp; Sérus.
</taxonomicName>
in 
<bibRefCitation id="56577DC8441AD33A7F76F906FD9EF977" author="Yeshitela, K. &amp; Fischer, E. &amp; Killmann, D. &amp; Serusiaux, E." box="[276,575,1758,1783]" pageId="1" pageNumber="90" pagination="17 - 23" refId="ref4211" refString="Yeshitela, K., Fischer, E., Killmann, D. &amp; Serusiaux, E. (2009) Two new foliicolous species of Enterographa (Roccellaceae) from Kenya. The Lichenologist 41: 17 - 23. https: // doi. org / 10.1017 / S 0024282909008299" type="journal article" year="2009">
Yeshitela 
<emphasis id="00B2DC2B441AD33A7FE6F906FE1EF977" box="[388,447,1758,1783]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="90">et al.</emphasis>
(2009: 20)
</bibRefCitation>
are all lichenicolous on foliicolous 
<taxonomicName id="F5C67BBA441AD33A7DBCF906FB77F977" box="[990,1238,1758,1783]" pageId="1" pageNumber="90">
<emphasis id="00B2DC2B441AD33A7DBCF906FBDAF977" box="[990,1147,1758,1783]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="90">Coenogonium</emphasis>
species
</taxonomicName>
and differ by 4 or 4–6-spored asci and more than 3-septate ascospores. 
<taxonomicName id="F5C67BBA441AD33A7CBFF8DAFB1AF89B" authority="Etayo &amp; Sipman" authorityName="Etayo &amp; Sipman" box="[733,1211,1794,1819]" class="Lecanoromycetes" family="Graphidaceae" genus="Enterographa" kingdom="Fungi" order="Ostropales" pageId="1" pageNumber="90" phylum="Ascomycota" rank="species" species="epigraphis">
<emphasis id="00B2DC2B441AD33A7CBFF8DAFC59F89B" box="[733,1016,1794,1819]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="90">Enterographa epigraphis</emphasis>
Etayo &amp; Sipman
</taxonomicName>
in 
<bibRefCitation id="56577DC8441AD33A7ABDF8DAFA0AF89B" author="Etayo, J." box="[1247,1451,1794,1819]" pageId="1" pageNumber="90" pagination="1 - 535" refId="ref3814" refString="Etayo, J. (2017) Hongos liquenicolas de Equador. Opera Lilloana 50: 1 - 535. https: // doi. org / 10.1639 / 0007 - 2745 - 120.4.551" type="journal article" year="2017">Etayo (2017: 190)</bibRefCitation>
is very unusual for a lichenicolous 
<taxonomicName id="F5C67BBA441AD33A7C6DF8FEFCA2F8BF" box="[527,771,1830,1855]" pageId="1" pageNumber="90">
<emphasis id="00B2DC2B441AD33A7C6DF8FEFD0AF8BF" box="[527,683,1830,1855]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="90">Enterographa</emphasis>
species
</taxonomicName>
because of the large ascospores with an ontogeny reminding the genus 
<taxonomicName id="F5C67BBA441AD33A7E98F892FDDAF8E3" authority="(Ertz &amp; Tehler 2011)" baseAuthorityName="Ertz &amp; Tehler" baseAuthorityYear="2011" box="[250,635,1866,1891]" class="Arthoniomycetes" family="Roccellographaceae" genus="Fulvophyton" kingdom="Fungi" order="Arthoniales" pageId="1" pageNumber="90" phylum="Ascomycota" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="00B2DC2B441AD33A7E98F892FE29F8E3" box="[250,392,1866,1891]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="90">Fulvophyton</emphasis>
(Ertz &amp; 
<bibRefCitation id="56577DC8441AD33A7F8BF892FDD2F8E3" author="Tehler, A." box="[489,627,1866,1891]" pageId="1" pageNumber="90" pagination="47 - 71" refId="ref3762" refString="Ertz, D. &amp; Tehler, A. (2011) The phylogeny of Arthoniales (Pezizomycotina) inferred from nucLSU and RPB 2 sequences. Fungal Diversity 49: 47 - 71. https: // doi. org / 10.1007 / s 13225 - 010 - 0080 - y" type="book chapter" year="2011">Tehler 2011</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="32790039441AD33A7EDFF8B6FCE1F84F" blockId="1.[136,1453,462,1999]" pageId="1" pageNumber="90">
Specimen G00290277 is both, the 
<typeStatus id="ED7DBE9B441AD33A7C26F8B6FD0AF807" box="[580,683,1902,1927]" pageId="1" pageNumber="90" type="lectotype">lectotype</typeStatus>
of 
<taxonomicName id="F5C67BBA441AD33A7CB3F8B6FC61F807" box="[721,960,1902,1927]" class="Lecanoromycetes" family="Graphidaceae" genus="Arthonia" kingdom="Fungi" order="Ostropales" pageId="1" pageNumber="90" phylum="Ascomycota" rank="species" species="ochraceella">
<emphasis id="00B2DC2B441AD33A7CB3F8B6FC61F807" box="[721,960,1902,1927]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="90">Arthonia ochraceella</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and the 
<typeStatus id="ED7DBE9B441AD33A7A43F8B6FB22F807" box="[1057,1155,1902,1927]" pageId="1" pageNumber="90" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
of 
<taxonomicName id="F5C67BBA441AD33A7AC8F8B6FA05F807" authorityName="Ertz &amp; Van den Broeck" authorityYear="2018" box="[1194,1444,1902,1927]" class="Lecanoromycetes" family="Graphidaceae" genus="Enterographa" kingdom="Fungi" order="Ostropales" pageId="1" pageNumber="90" phylum="Ascomycota" rank="species" species="confusa">
<emphasis id="00B2DC2B441AD33A7AC8F8B6FA05F807" box="[1194,1444,1902,1927]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="90">Enterographa confusa</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. Amazingly, 
<taxonomicName id="F5C67BBA441AD33A7F76F84AFE1AF82B" box="[276,443,1938,1963]" class="Lecanoromycetes" family="Graphidaceae" genus="Arthonia" kingdom="Fungi" order="Ostropales" pageId="1" pageNumber="90" phylum="Ascomycota" rank="species" species="ochraceella">
<emphasis id="00B2DC2B441AD33A7F76F84AFE1AF82B" box="[276,443,1938,1963]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="90">A. ochraceella</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
was described in 1890, but 128 years were necessary before the lichenicolous fungus present on the same type material was detected and described.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>