150 lines
17 KiB
XML
150 lines
17 KiB
XML
<document ID-CLB-Dataset="62488" ID-DOI="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.198.79514" ID-GBIF-Dataset="30f0f54f-e5af-493f-b792-c1c661ef03bf" ID-PMC="PMC9849010" ID-Pensoft-Pub="1314-2003-198-1" ID-Pensoft-UUID="486F1F1B4F5854D2831AAA341B9A322C" ID-PubMed="36760991" ModsDocID="1314-2003-198-1" checkinTime="1654168732655" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Aubriot, Xavier & Knapp, Sandra" docDate="2022" docId="B98EAEC8BC86CCB4B315824423FA2BEC" docLanguage="en" docName="PhytoKeys 198: 1-270" docOrigin="PhytoKeys 198" docPubDate="2022-06-01" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.198.79514" docTitle="Solanum sisymbriifolium Lam., Tabl. Encycl. 2: 25. 1794, as “ sisymbrifolium ”." docType="treatment" docVersion="5" id="486F1F1B4F5854D2831AAA341B9A322C" lastPageNumber="1" masterDocId="486F1F1B4F5854D2831AAA341B9A322C" masterDocTitle="A revision of the " spiny solanums " of Tropical Asia (Solanum, the Leptostemonum Clade, Solanaceae)" masterLastPageNumber="270" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="1" updateTime="1732649590965" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:titleInfo id="2EDC96335F02FAE61D142FAB81F69853">
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<mods:title id="C417B21B902ED51510DA6B9CAB91EC09">A revision of the " spiny solanums " of Tropical Asia (Solanum, the Leptostemonum Clade, Solanaceae)</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:name id="58ACEE2F5BF41E40A120CF770C989526" type="personal">
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<mods:role id="5F88409A411365926310910AE52AF03B">
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<mods:roleTerm id="8925E9219F7631EBE59B1C91480BCAC3">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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<mods:namePart id="6BF6F602326DE636B709644B2FA2AF78">Aubriot, Xavier</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="EC645B1851E575EEA3B164D00A210D3E">Universite Paris-Saclay, CNRS, AgroParisTech, Ecologie Systematique et Evolution, 91190, Gif-sur-Yvette, France & The Natural History Museum, Cromwell Road, London SW 7 5 BD, UK</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:name id="3BF1F63F1FCCAB1CC306B62CE8828BE8" type="personal">
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<mods:roleTerm id="2F409CE326D6E6DB0570AFDF9B1E2576">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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<mods:namePart id="260D9C59EFC87DF4AC4F96D626E1C321">Knapp, Sandra</mods:namePart>
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<mods:nameIdentifier id="8712BDC90049913752BF9047238EFBDC" type="ORCID">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7698-3945</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:affiliation id="E116675E8E1562D47280F25F6E26CB73">The Natural History Museum, Cromwell Road, London SW 7 5 BD, UK</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:nameIdentifier id="F7CD95BAC2B8A780E6319585C29FE08B" type="email">s.knapp@nhm.ac.uk</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:typeOfResource id="1EFA446BBBAF66BA2251A5F8865A9E8B">text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:titleInfo id="46C157DCDD24D359A25373AF23973B81">
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<mods:title id="778166A76E20E65DEE7EBA95B58655DE">PhytoKeys</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:part id="25618B4253647C0CEBDC7FF4D0F1F984">
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<mods:date id="719C70051DA9E3639DCEA8BE071C55B7">2022</mods:date>
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<mods:detail id="816CF0F801CE6DD196052EFCE7210547" type="pubDate">
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<mods:number id="FD8712A05CA679690D6E7168F95C6557">2022-06-01</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:detail id="3ED7783CB476CD605DFC56DFB29B4AC9" type="volume">
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<mods:number id="13EA3852912C2E21C64EE1BFFECECDB7">198</mods:number>
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<mods:extent id="3FD71ACFDB98B46EA9AD7F818E13AC8D" unit="page">
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<mods:start id="708CC0257335A158AFDFD925C2449AC0">1</mods:start>
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<mods:end id="6FC9ED1551431F1141BC293CF685A928">270</mods:end>
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<mods:location id="BF2F3B1BDF499CCDE09724A5DD6BD872">
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<mods:url id="A539B9B81E393A48BFD35350DDA5D040">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.198.79514</mods:url>
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</mods:location>
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<mods:classification id="EDF9A0F1DAD405A6D9494E9AA860A7E9">journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier id="47F411D67300A4A86E46BB11BFC3A7E5" type="DOI">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.198.79514</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="327605EC9F3260928852FBAD472DED56" type="Pensoft-Pub">1314-2003-198-1</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="E836FAAE4A26722896078CE3422BE353" type="Pensoft-UUID">486F1F1B4F5854D2831AAA341B9A322C</mods:identifier>
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</mods:mods>
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<treatment id="B98EAEC8BC86CCB4B315824423FA2BEC" ID-GBIF-Taxon="195723710" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:B98EAEC8BC86CCB4B315824423FA2BEC" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/B98EAEC8BC86CCB4B315824423FA2BEC" lastPageNumber="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" scope_family="Solanaceae">
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<subSubSection id="FC3B976AEF4DECF40BE50F5D9513BF83" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="AC9BF6D1D5F58B25C3EB4FA0E69A53CF" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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41.
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<taxonomicName id="256DC25B9A3141D61ED9BC3869CB7E1C" ID-CoL="4Y49N" authority="Lam., Tabl. Encycl. 2: 25. 1794, as " sisymbrifolium "." authorityName="Lam., Tabl. Encycl. 2: 25. 1794, as “ sisymbrifolium ”." class="Magnoliopsida" family="Solanaceae" genus="Solanum" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Solanum sisymbriifolium" order="Solanales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="sisymbriifolium">Solanum sisymbriifolium Lam., Tabl. Encycl. 2: 25. 1794, as " sisymbrifolium".</taxonomicName>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="2D086C2E63D5E2CE5FAA9CC944A2BEC1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="description">
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<paragraph id="BD731F1ABD71A9CA468C3D24014C8763" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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<figureCitation id="C7AC7A72F56CEFE72161CCD5D527C9F7" captionStart="Figure 41" captionStartId="F41" captionText="Figure 41. Introduced species of Solanum. Solanum mammosum L. A detail view of a flower (Stevens 35067, Nicaragua) B detail view of a fruit (Stevens 35067, Nicaragua). Solanum robustum H. L. Wendl. C habit (Sampath Kumar et al. 126920, India) D detail view of a short-styled flower (Sampath Kumar et al. 126920, India) E detail view of a fruit (Sampath Kumar et al. 126920, India). Solanum sisymbriifolium Lam. F habit (Sampath Kumar et al. 126922, India) G detail view of a flower (Sampath Kumar et al. 126922, India) H detail view of a fruit (Sampath Kumar et al. 126922, India). Photograph credits: A, B O. M. Montiel C-H X. Aubriot." figureDoi="10.3897/phytokeys.198.79514.figure41" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/689734" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Fig. 41F-H</figureCitation>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="111FC9C727FEFB981C8393B265269E96" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="materials_examined">
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<paragraph id="6A9904760E91D1CF4826B44E80064EB9" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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<typeStatus id="998034CE20C2B8D406EDEBE845A85914">Type</typeStatus>
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.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="62F5D5625249901D3B803AC7A8D90A2D" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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<materialsCitation id="36F92A3A147EB82B67706FC2E54D6FAE" collectingDate="2022-01-01" collectingDateMax="2022-12-31" collectingDateMin="2022-01-01" country="Argentina" location="Buenos Aires" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Buenos Aires" typeStatus="holotype">
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<collectingCountry id="32793A1C9D8AD8F1D0EA5760F01CE315" name="Argentina">Argentina</collectingCountry>
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.
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<collectingRegion id="FCB5563561B88EC630758D7377A6368D" country="Argentina" name="Ciudad Autonoma de Buenos Aires">Buenos Aires</collectingRegion>
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</materialsCitation>
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:
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<materialsCitation id="2E0740DD9160F3CB964CDD1728B8C142" collectingDate="2022-01-01" collectingDateMax="2022-12-31" collectingDateMin="2022-01-01" collectorName="P. Commerson" country="Argentina" location="Buenos Aires" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Buenos Aires" typeStatus="lectotype">
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<collectingRegion id="C064891EAA2CE6437CF68DED3A70D40C" country="Argentina" name="Ciudad Autonoma de Buenos Aires">Buenos Aires</collectingRegion>
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,
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<emphasis id="C44C81007C8BEB4CF3A61F025E3A4B8A" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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<collectorName id="0C2D192B09545ED00515704B58FF62BC">P. Commerson</collectorName>
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s.n.
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</emphasis>
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(
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<typeStatus id="BF3ECD436C7B7E3A16407026C4AEE4CA">lectotype</typeStatus>
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, designated by
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<bibRefCitation id="EBE23D51624C6484A185A586BAD2D703" DOI="https://doi.org/10.1007/BF03027161" author="Vorontsova, MS" journalOrPublisher="Systematic Botany Monographs" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="1 - 428" refId="B259" refString="Vorontsova, MS, Knapp, S, 2016. A revision of the "spiny solanums," Solanum subgenus Leptostemonum (Solanaceae), in Africa and Madagascar. Systematic Botany Monographs 99: 1 - 428, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF03027161" title="A revision of the " spiny solanums, " Solanum subgenus Leptostemonum (Solanaceae), in Africa and Madagascar." url="https://doi.org/10.1007/BF03027161" volume="99" year="2016">Vorontsova and Knapp 2016</bibRefCitation>
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, pg. 307: P-LA [P00357630, lower plant fragment, Morton neg. 8391]; isolectotypes: P [P00371604, P00371605, P00371606].
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</materialsCitation>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="B2824B70C2427CFBAFEFBA6CD6E74829" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="description">
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<paragraph id="F8DBB9D2D71A157B92D26A87729EADF1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Description.</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="2090E23FF5EBCD3539FB4EFAFBE77EA7" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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<bibRefCitation id="57F02B10507461AD32F437E5B624FFB0" DOI="https://doi.org/10.1007/BF03027161" author="Vorontsova, MS" journalOrPublisher="Systematic Botany Monographs" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="1 - 428" refId="B259" refString="Vorontsova, MS, Knapp, S, 2016. A revision of the "spiny solanums," Solanum subgenus Leptostemonum (Solanaceae), in Africa and Madagascar. Systematic Botany Monographs 99: 1 - 428, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF03027161" title="A revision of the " spiny solanums, " Solanum subgenus Leptostemonum (Solanaceae), in Africa and Madagascar." url="https://doi.org/10.1007/BF03027161" volume="99" year="2016">Vorontsova and Knapp (2016</bibRefCitation>
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: 307-312); http://www.solanaceaesource.org/solanaceae/solanum-sisymbriifolium.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="A3974F6299F6C7B89EE7A2F7A510173B" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="distribution">
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<paragraph id="FE6B76219CAAF3D6228992E7DF7F6040" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Distribution.</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="BDBFAC31C5270E68DF842D3D19E54379" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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<taxonomicName id="B591A9CDCEEE0C41D53910A8CEBAD9F6" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Solanaceae" genus="Solanum" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Solanum sisymbriifolium" order="Solanales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="sisymbriifolium">
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<emphasis id="A477EA1348371E7C57DA1BF18BCECA2F" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Solanum sisymbriifolium</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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has been collected in tropical Asia in Bangladesh, China, and throughout India (see
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<bibRefCitation id="A36C38E2778B982EF085FECE5041D845" author="Saha, M" journalOrPublisher="Pleione" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="579 - 582" refId="B213" refString="Saha, M, Datta, BK, 2013. New distributional record of Solanum sisymbriifolium Lamarck (Solanaceae) from Tripura, India. Pleione 7 (2): 579 - 582" title="New distributional record of Solanum sisymbriifolium Lamarck (Solanaceae) from Tripura, India." volume="7" year="2013">Saha and Datta 2013</bibRefCitation>
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); it is native to South America but is widely adventive and somewhat invasive, so it is to be expected throughout the region in highly disturbed areas.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="EEC61D03AE9C0F4ECF18B45E08F8494A" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="common names">
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<paragraph id="E6393522534937C2C5BC743098385280" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Common names.</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8234EAC7A46BB42BE3911C1D31E9DA33" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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China. suan jie qie (
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<bibRefCitation id="3AC22F35B969B3D4616684780F0FF013" author="Zhang, Z-Y" journalOrPublisher="National Taiwan University" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" refId="B280" refString="Zhang, Z-Y, Lu, A, D'Arcy, WG, 1994. Solanaceae. In: Wu ZY, Raven PH (Eds) Flora of China. Vol. 17 (Verbenaceae through Solanaceae). Science Press & Missouri Botanical Garden Press, Beijing & St. Louis." title="Solanaceae. In: Wu ZY, Raven PH (Eds) Flora of China. Vol. 17 (Verbenaceae through Solanaceae). Science Press & Missouri Botanical Garden Press, Beijing & St. Louis." year="1994">Zhang et al. 1994</bibRefCitation>
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). India. mulathurivan [Mikir] (
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<bibRefCitation id="A29F4A1A7EAF1457B0D33028B4668F71" author="Jain, SK" editor="D'Arcy, WG" journalOrPublisher="Columbia University Press, New York" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="575 - 583" refId="B107" refString="Jain, SK, Borthakur, SK, 1986. Solanaceae in Indian tradition, folklore and medicine. In: D'Arcy, WG, Ed., Solanaceae: biology and systematics. Columbia University Press, New York: 575 - 583" title="Solanaceae in Indian tradition, folklore and medicine." volumeTitle="Solanaceae: biology and systematics." year="1986">Jain and Borthakur 1986</bibRefCitation>
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).
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="67EB81F050BC1538900F3E07365117F9" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="discussion">
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<paragraph id="972FB552021214FAD0FCB3DE8110AA66" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Discussion.</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="1AA6F0A497947D5B32E83395DF5CE932" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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<taxonomicName id="A4A7C03A4B48D97DE02919FAE4DEF14F" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Solanaceae" genus="Solanum" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Solanum sisymbriifolium" order="Solanales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="sisymbriifolium">
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<emphasis id="F51647DC2E1B3AD247F4EB5E54D0F74F" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Solanum sisymbriifolium</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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is the only spiny solanum species in tropical Asia with deeply pinnatifid to bipinnatifid leaves coupled with accrescent calyces.
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<taxonomicName id="518D6DA68FAD55924F149905130E9CA5" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Solanaceae" genus="Solanum" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Solanum multiflorum" order="Solanales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="multiflorum">
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<emphasis id="A3319ABB5325A47AA15857AC25DEF4D5" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Solanum multiflorum</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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of the Western Ghats sometimes has deeply pinnatifid leaves, but the calyces are not accrescent and it is a shrub with much smaller flowers (1.3-1.5 cm versus 2-3 cm in diameter). The prickly, accrescent calyx lobes turn back at fruit maturity to reveal the sticky red berries (often cultivated as fruit and called vila-vila in other parts of the world). Some specimens from the Americas have less deeply divided leaves, but all those we have seen from tropical Asia are deeply pinnatifid.
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<bibRefCitation id="90760DC3F66AE48EB448272B4CBD0663" author="Saha, M" journalOrPublisher="Pleione" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="579 - 582" refId="B213" refString="Saha, M, Datta, BK, 2013. New distributional record of Solanum sisymbriifolium Lamarck (Solanaceae) from Tripura, India. Pleione 7 (2): 579 - 582" title="New distributional record of Solanum sisymbriifolium Lamarck (Solanaceae) from Tripura, India." volume="7" year="2013">Saha and Datta (2013)</bibRefCitation>
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record it as very common in Tripura.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="9F6626DA4AD07A3A515836BB89886BCB" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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<taxonomicName id="2782D25D8D11523A43F0F82DA69C3E78" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Solanaceae" genus="Solanum" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Solanum sisymbriifolium" order="Solanales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="sisymbriifolium">
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<emphasis id="4DFD190DDBE0DDB8EDDED19C0CC7A780" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Solanum sisymbriifolium</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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was introduced very early to European botanical gardens, from where it perhaps was introduced as colonisation expanded. It is a very weedy species, even in its native range; overgrazed pastures can become overgrown with
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<taxonomicName id="D9C6B81CFCA0E8A02E833A70ADDD6A1E" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Solanaceae" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="S. sisymbriifolium" order="Solanales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="sisymbriifolium">
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<emphasis id="5935EECF0949F8A2D0655D8AB2023356" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">S. sisymbriifolium</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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very quickly. In some parts of Europe, it is planted in fallow potato fields as a trap crop for cyst nematodes; the nematodes lay eggs in the roots of
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<taxonomicName id="26C3017683DA8272184AF2FDE023B4EE" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Solanaceae" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="S. sisymbriifolium" order="Solanales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="sisymbriifolium">
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<emphasis id="007A14AE7E835913DA260CABDFBEA575" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">S. sisymbriifolium</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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, but the plants are destroyed before the eggs hatch (Timmermans et al. 2007 a, b).
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="B3731CB02A0634B5088686C785475796" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="materials_examined">
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<paragraph id="86BDF9E1C2DB37D8167108A89E9A4B2B" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Specimens examined.</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="5E89E83E6EB495ABEFE2E5307851E317" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">See Suppl. materials 1-3.</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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</treatment>
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</document> |