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<document ID-DOI="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1038.64978" ID-GBIF-Dataset="70ccae02-8fad-4324-a728-87dba6ca553e" ID-PMC="PMC8154885" ID-Pensoft-Pub="1313-2970-1038-1" ID-Pensoft-UUID="CEBC03B5B33D51B284FD8D3517F85D77" ID-PubMed="34079426" ID-ZooBank="679CEE85732A43FEB171F3883C87E223" ModsDocID="1313-2970-1038-1" checkinTime="1621457738968" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Tan, Jiang-Li, Achterberg, Cornelis van, Wu, Jia-Xuan, Wang, Hang &amp; Zhang, Qi-Jing" docDate="2021" docId="B98125C27E9F5761A771B3746160BAC6" docLanguage="en" docName="ZooKeys 1038: 1-103" docOrigin="ZooKeys 1038" docPubDate="2021-05-19" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1038.64978" docTitle="Gasteruption kexinae Tan &amp; van Achterberg 2021, sp. nov." docType="treatment" docUuid="64A374A5-E70C-4C12-A2F5-D1ABD49A729F" docUuidSource="ZooBank" docVersion="4" id="CEBC03B5B33D51B284FD8D3517F85D77" lastPageNumber="1" masterDocId="CEBC03B5B33D51B284FD8D3517F85D77" masterDocTitle="An illustrated key to the species of Gasteruption Latreille (Hymenoptera, Gasteruptiidae) from Palaearctic China, with description of four new species" masterLastPageNumber="103" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="1" updateTime="1668150276156" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
<mods:mods xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
<mods:titleInfo>
<mods:title>An illustrated key to the species of Gasteruption Latreille (Hymenoptera, Gasteruptiidae) from Palaearctic China, with description of four new species</mods:title>
</mods:titleInfo>
<mods:name type="personal">
<mods:role>
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart>Tan, Jiang-Li</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation>Shaanxi Key Laboratory for Animal Conservation / Key Laboratory of Resource Biology and Biotechnology in Western China, College of Life Sciences, Northwest University, 229 North Taibai Road, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710069, China</mods:affiliation>
<mods:nameIdentifier type="email">tanjl@nwu.edu.cn</mods:nameIdentifier>
</mods:name>
<mods:name type="personal">
<mods:role>
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart>Achterberg, Cornelis van</mods:namePart>
<mods:nameIdentifier type="ORCID">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6495-4853</mods:nameIdentifier>
<mods:affiliation>State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology and Ministry of Agriculture / Key Lab of Agricultural Entomology, Institute of Insect Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China</mods:affiliation>
</mods:name>
<mods:name type="personal">
<mods:role>
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart>Wu, Jia-Xuan</mods:namePart>
<mods:nameIdentifier type="ORCID">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4450-9664</mods:nameIdentifier>
<mods:affiliation>Shaanxi Key Laboratory for Animal Conservation / Key Laboratory of Resource Biology and Biotechnology in Western China, College of Life Sciences, Northwest University, 229 North Taibai Road, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710069, China</mods:affiliation>
</mods:name>
<mods:name type="personal">
<mods:role>
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart>Wang, Hang</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation>Shaanxi Key Laboratory for Animal Conservation / Key Laboratory of Resource Biology and Biotechnology in Western China, College of Life Sciences, Northwest University, 229 North Taibai Road, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710069, China</mods:affiliation>
</mods:name>
<mods:name type="personal">
<mods:role>
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart>Zhang, Qi-Jing</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation>Shaanxi Key Laboratory for Animal Conservation / Key Laboratory of Resource Biology and Biotechnology in Western China, College of Life Sciences, Northwest University, 229 North Taibai Road, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710069, China</mods:affiliation>
</mods:name>
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<mods:title>ZooKeys</mods:title>
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<mods:date>2021</mods:date>
<mods:detail type="pubDate">
<mods:number>2021-05-19</mods:number>
</mods:detail>
<mods:detail type="volume">
<mods:number>1038</mods:number>
</mods:detail>
<mods:extent unit="page">
<mods:start>1</mods:start>
<mods:end>103</mods:end>
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<mods:location>
<mods:url>http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1038.64978</mods:url>
</mods:location>
<mods:classification>journal article</mods:classification>
<mods:identifier type="DOI">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1038.64978</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier type="Pensoft-Pub">1313-2970-1038-1</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier type="ZooBank">679CEE85732A43FEB171F3883C87E223</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier type="Pensoft-UUID">CEBC03B5B33D51B284FD8D3517F85D77</mods:identifier>
</mods:mods>
<treatment ID-GBIF-Taxon="182238023" LSID="urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:64A374A5-E70C-4C12-A2F5-D1ABD49A729F" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/B98125C27E9F5761A771B3746160BAC6" lastPageNumber="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<taxonomicName LSID="http://zoobank.org/64A374A5-E70C-4C12-A2F5-D1ABD49A729F" authority="Tan &amp; van Achterberg" authorityName="Tan &amp; van Achterberg" authorityYear="2021" class="Insecta" family="Gasteruptiidae" genus="Gasteruption" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Gasteruption kexinae" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="kexinae" status="sp. nov.">Gasteruption kexinae Tan &amp; van Achterberg</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel pageId="0" pageNumber="1">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
<figureCitation captionStart="Figures 124127" captionStartId="F21" captionText="Figures 124 - 127. Gasteruption kexinae Tan &amp; van Achterberg, sp. nov., female, holotype 124 habitus lateral 125 apex of metasoma ventral 126 base of antenna 127 details of vertex dorsal." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1038.64978.figures124-127" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/544082" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Figs 124-127</figureCitation>
<figureCitation captionStart="Figures 128136" captionStartId="F22" captionText="Figures 128 - 136. Gasteruption kexinae Tan &amp; van Achterberg, sp. nov., female, holotype 128 head lateral 129 mesosoma lateral 130 mesosoma dorsal 131 wings 132 propleuron ventral 133 apex of ovipositor sheath 134 head anterior 135 head dorsal 136 hind leg." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1038.64978.figures128-136" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/544083" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">, 128-136</figureCitation>
<figureCitation captionStart="Figures 137138" captionStartId="F23" captionText="Figures 137 - 138. Gasteruption kexinae Tan &amp; van Achterberg, sp. nov., male, paratype 137 habitus lateral 138 apex of metasoma lateral." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1038.64978.figures137-138" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/544084" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">, 137-138</figureCitation>
<figureCitation captionStart="Figures 139143" captionStartId="F24" captionText="Figures 139 - 143. Gasteruption kexinae Tan &amp; van Achterberg, sp. nov., male, paratype 139 mesosoma dorsal 140 hind leg 141 base of antenna 142 head dorsal 143 head lateral." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1038.64978.figures139-143" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/544085" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">, 139-143</figureCitation>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="reference_group">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<taxonomicName authority="Tan &amp; Achterberg &amp; Wu &amp; Wang &amp; Zhang, 2021" authorityName="Tan &amp; Achterberg &amp; Wu &amp; Wang &amp; Zhang" authorityYear="2021" class="Insecta" family="Gasteruptiidae" genus="Gasteruption" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Gasteruption rufescenticorne" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="rufescenticorne" status="sp. nov.">Gasteruption rufescenticorne</taxonomicName>
; Zhao, van Achterberg &amp; Xu, 2012: 75-80 (paralectotype; not lectotype).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="type material">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Type material.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Holotype</emphasis>
,
</emphasis>
♀ (NWUX), &quot;S. China: Fujian, Tianbaoyan, Yong-an,
<geoCoordinate degrees="25" direction="north" minutes="53" orientation="latitude" precision="15" seconds="42" value="25.895">25°53'42&quot;N</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate degrees="117" direction="east" minutes="28" orientation="longitude" precision="15" seconds="05" value="117.468056">117°28'05&quot;E</geoCoordinate>
, 26.vi.2018, Mal. trap, alt. 530 m, Lingfei Peng, NWUX&quot;.
<emphasis bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Paratypes</emphasis>
: 2 ♂ (NWUX, RMNH), topotypic, but x-xii.2018; 1 ♀ (RMNH), &quot;S. China: Fujian, Mt. Longqi, Sanming,
<geoCoordinate degrees="26" direction="north" minutes="31" orientation="latitude" precision="15" seconds="27" value="26.524166">26°31'27&quot;N</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate degrees="117" direction="east" minutes="17" orientation="longitude" precision="15" seconds="27" value="117.29083">117°17'27&quot;E</geoCoordinate>
, 13.vii.2018, Mal. trap, alt. 740 m, Lingfei Peng, NWUX&quot;; 1 ♀ + 1 ♂ (NWUX), &quot;S. China: Fujian, Tianbaoyan, Yong-an,
<geoCoordinate degrees="25" direction="north" minutes="53" orientation="latitude" precision="15" seconds="42" value="25.895">25°53'42&quot;N</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate degrees="117" direction="east" minutes="28" orientation="longitude" precision="15" seconds="05" value="117.468056">117°28'05&quot;E</geoCoordinate>
, 22.v.-12.vi.2018, Mal. trap, 530 m alt., Lingfei Peng, NWUX&quot;; 1 ♀ (NWUX), &quot;S China: Fujian, Huboljiao, Nanping,
<geoCoordinate degrees="24" direction="north" minutes="54" orientation="latitude" precision="15" seconds="24" value="24.906666">24°54'24&quot;N</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate degrees="117" direction="east" minutes="12" orientation="longitude" precision="15" seconds="52" value="117.21444">117°12'52&quot;E</geoCoordinate>
, 1.viii.2018, Mal. trap, 300 m alt., Lingfei Peng, NWUX&quot;; 1 ♂ (RMNH), &quot;S. China: Fujian, Mt. Longqi, Sanming,
<geoCoordinate degrees="26" direction="north" minutes="31" orientation="latitude" precision="15" seconds="27" value="26.524166">26°31'27&quot;N</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate degrees="117" direction="east" minutes="17" orientation="longitude" precision="15" seconds="27" value="117.29083">117°17'27&quot;E</geoCoordinate>
, 13.vii.2018, Mal. trap, 740 m alt., Lingfei Peng, NWUX&quot;; 1 ♀ + 1 ♂ (ZJUH), &quot;[China:] Zhejiang, Hangzhou, 4.vii.1980&quot;; 1 ♂ (ZJUH), id., but 21.vii.1980; ♀ (ZJUH), &quot;[China:] Zhejiang, Huizhou, Shishi, 25.ix.1984, Cai-e Zhou; 1 ♂ (ZJUH), &quot;[China:] Fujian, Fuzhou, Jinshan, 20.vi.1990, Xiu-fu Zhao&quot;; 1 ♂ (ZJUH), id., but 14-18.x.1990; 2 ♂ (ZJUH), id., but 17.viii.1990, Chang-ming Liu; 2 ♂ (ZJUH, RMNH), id., but 15.vi.1988, Saping Yi; 1 ♀ + 1 ♂ (ZJUH), &quot;[China:] Hunan, Liuyang, 30.V.1984, Xin-wang Tong&quot;; 1 ♀ (ZJUH), &quot;[China:] Hunan, Liuyang, 25.V.1986, Xin-wang Tong&quot;; 1 ♂ (ZJUH), &quot;[China:] Hunan, Liuyang, 13.V.1985, Xin-wang Tong&quot;.
</paragraph>
<caption doi="10.3897/zookeys.1038.64978.figures124-127" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/544082" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" start="Figures 124127" startId="F21">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Figures 124-127.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName authorityName="Tan &amp; van Achterberg" authorityYear="2021" class="Insecta" family="Gasteruptiidae" genus="Gasteruption" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Gasteruption kexinae" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="kexinae">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Gasteruption kexinae</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
Tan &amp; van Achterberg, sp. nov., female, holotype
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">124</emphasis>
habitus lateral
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">125</emphasis>
apex of metasoma ventral
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">126</emphasis>
base of antenna
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">127</emphasis>
details of vertex dorsal.
</paragraph>
</caption>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Diagnosis.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
Head of ♀ comparatively long and nearly parallel-sided behind eyes in dorsal view, with deep medial depression in front of occipital carina and with pair of shallow lateral depressions (Fig.
<figureCitation captionStart="Figures 124127" captionStartId="F21" captionText="Figures 124 - 127. Gasteruption kexinae Tan &amp; van Achterberg, sp. nov., female, holotype 124 habitus lateral 125 apex of metasoma ventral 126 base of antenna 127 details of vertex dorsal." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1038.64978.figures124-127" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/544082" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">127</figureCitation>
); vertex medially distinctly above level of ocelli in lateral view, densely punctulate and long (Fig.
<figureCitation captionStart="Figures 128136" captionStartId="F22" captionText="Figures 128 - 136. Gasteruption kexinae Tan &amp; van Achterberg, sp. nov., female, holotype 128 head lateral 129 mesosoma lateral 130 mesosoma dorsal 131 wings 132 propleuron ventral 133 apex of ovipositor sheath 134 head anterior 135 head dorsal 136 hind leg." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1038.64978.figures128-136" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/544083" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">128</figureCitation>
); occipital carina wide lamelliform (Figs
<figureCitation captionStart="Figures 128136" captionStartId="F22" captionText="Figures 128 - 136. Gasteruption kexinae Tan &amp; van Achterberg, sp. nov., female, holotype 128 head lateral 129 mesosoma lateral 130 mesosoma dorsal 131 wings 132 propleuron ventral 133 apex of ovipositor sheath 134 head anterior 135 head dorsal 136 hind leg." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1038.64978.figures128-136" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/544083" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">128</figureCitation>
and
<figureCitation captionStart="Figures 128136" captionStartId="F22" captionText="Figures 128 - 136. Gasteruption kexinae Tan &amp; van Achterberg, sp. nov., female, holotype 128 head lateral 129 mesosoma lateral 130 mesosoma dorsal 131 wings 132 propleuron ventral 133 apex of ovipositor sheath 134 head anterior 135 head dorsal 136 hind leg." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1038.64978.figures128-136" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/544083" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">135</figureCitation>
); propleuron in lateral view slender and 1.0-1.2
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
as long as mesoscutum in front of tegula (Fig.
<figureCitation captionStart="Figures 128136" captionStartId="F22" captionText="Figures 128 - 136. Gasteruption kexinae Tan &amp; van Achterberg, sp. nov., female, holotype 128 head lateral 129 mesosoma lateral 130 mesosoma dorsal 131 wings 132 propleuron ventral 133 apex of ovipositor sheath 134 head anterior 135 head dorsal 136 hind leg." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1038.64978.figures128-136" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/544083" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">129</figureCitation>
) and in ventral view narrow anteriorly (Fig.
<figureCitation captionStart="Figures 128136" captionStartId="F22" captionText="Figures 128 - 136. Gasteruption kexinae Tan &amp; van Achterberg, sp. nov., female, holotype 128 head lateral 129 mesosoma lateral 130 mesosoma dorsal 131 wings 132 propleuron ventral 133 apex of ovipositor sheath 134 head anterior 135 head dorsal 136 hind leg." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1038.64978.figures128-136" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/544083" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">132</figureCitation>
); middle lobe of mesoscutum without fine transverse elements anteriorly, only very finely coriaceous between distinct punctures and posteriorly vermiculate (Fig.
<figureCitation captionStart="Figures 128136" captionStartId="F22" captionText="Figures 128 - 136. Gasteruption kexinae Tan &amp; van Achterberg, sp. nov., female, holotype 128 head lateral 129 mesosoma lateral 130 mesosoma dorsal 131 wings 132 propleuron ventral 133 apex of ovipositor sheath 134 head anterior 135 head dorsal 136 hind leg." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1038.64978.figures128-136" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/544083" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">130</figureCitation>
); ovipositor sheath about 0.9
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
as long as body, its white or ivory apical part about 1.5
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
as long as hind basitarsus.
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
Easily confused with
<taxonomicName family="Gasteruptiidae" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="G. corniculigerum" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="corniculigerum">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">G. corniculigerum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
Enderlein, 1913; differs mainly by the shape of the head in dorsal view (nearly parallel-sided behind eyes in female and distinctly contracted in
<taxonomicName family="Gasteruptiidae" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="G. corniculigerum" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="corniculigerum">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">G. corniculigerum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
), the sculpture of the middle lobe of the mesoscutum (without fine transverse elements anteriorly; present in
<taxonomicName family="Gasteruptiidae" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="G. corniculigerum" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="corniculigerum">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">G. corniculigerum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
), the anteriorly more slender propleuron and the shorter pale part of the ovipositor sheath (1.0-2.1
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
versus 2.8-3.5
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
as long as hind basitarsus in
<taxonomicName family="Gasteruptiidae" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="G. corniculigerum" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="corniculigerum">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">G. corniculigerum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="description">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Description.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Holotype, female, length of body 16.1 mm, of fore wing 6.5 mm.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Head</emphasis>
.
</emphasis>
Vertex and frons with satin sheen and densely punctulate; vertex weakly convex medio-posteriorly in front of deep medio-posterior depression and a pair of shallow elliptical lateral depressions (Figs
<figureCitation captionStart="Figures 124127" captionStartId="F21" captionText="Figures 124 - 127. Gasteruption kexinae Tan &amp; van Achterberg, sp. nov., female, holotype 124 habitus lateral 125 apex of metasoma ventral 126 base of antenna 127 details of vertex dorsal." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1038.64978.figures124-127" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/544082" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">127</figureCitation>
and
<figureCitation captionStart="Figures 128136" captionStartId="F22" captionText="Figures 128 - 136. Gasteruption kexinae Tan &amp; van Achterberg, sp. nov., female, holotype 128 head lateral 129 mesosoma lateral 130 mesosoma dorsal 131 wings 132 propleuron ventral 133 apex of ovipositor sheath 134 head anterior 135 head dorsal 136 hind leg." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1038.64978.figures128-136" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/544083" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">135</figureCitation>
); in lateral view vertex rounded in front of depression and distinctly above level of ocelli (Fig.
<figureCitation captionStart="Figures 128136" captionStartId="F22" captionText="Figures 128 - 136. Gasteruption kexinae Tan &amp; van Achterberg, sp. nov., female, holotype 128 head lateral 129 mesosoma lateral 130 mesosoma dorsal 131 wings 132 propleuron ventral 133 apex of ovipositor sheath 134 head anterior 135 head dorsal 136 hind leg." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1038.64978.figures128-136" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/544083" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">128</figureCitation>
); occipital carina wide lamelliform medio-dorsally, about half as wide as diameter of posterior ocellus, equally blackish basally and gradually becoming paler distally (Fig.
<figureCitation captionStart="Figures 128136" captionStartId="F22" captionText="Figures 128 - 136. Gasteruption kexinae Tan &amp; van Achterberg, sp. nov., female, holotype 128 head lateral 129 mesosoma lateral 130 mesosoma dorsal 131 wings 132 propleuron ventral 133 apex of ovipositor sheath 134 head anterior 135 head dorsal 136 hind leg." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1038.64978.figures128-136" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/544083" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">128</figureCitation>
); head rather gradually narrowed behind eyes in dorsal view and temples rounded (Fig.
<figureCitation captionStart="Figures 128136" captionStartId="F22" captionText="Figures 128 - 136. Gasteruption kexinae Tan &amp; van Achterberg, sp. nov., female, holotype 128 head lateral 129 mesosoma lateral 130 mesosoma dorsal 131 wings 132 propleuron ventral 133 apex of ovipositor sheath 134 head anterior 135 head dorsal 136 hind leg." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1038.64978.figures128-136" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/544083" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">135</figureCitation>
); temple 0.7
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
as long as eye in dorsal view; fourth antennal segment 1.3
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
as long as third segment and 0.9
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
as long as second and third segments combined, fifth antennal segment 1.1
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
as long as third segment, third antennal segment twice as long as second segment; OOL twice as long as diameter of posterior ocellus; diameter of anterior ocellus equal to distance between anterior and posterior ocelli; face 2.3
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
as broad as high; combined height of eye and malar space twice minimum width of face; malar space short, its minimum width 0.2
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
basal width of mandible and area behind incision nearly triangular (Fig.
<figureCitation captionStart="Figures 128136" captionStartId="F22" captionText="Figures 128 - 136. Gasteruption kexinae Tan &amp; van Achterberg, sp. nov., female, holotype 128 head lateral 129 mesosoma lateral 130 mesosoma dorsal 131 wings 132 propleuron ventral 133 apex of ovipositor sheath 134 head anterior 135 head dorsal 136 hind leg." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1038.64978.figures128-136" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/544083" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">128</figureCitation>
); clypeus only medio-ventrally shallowly depressed and ventrally with long golden bristles (Fig.
<figureCitation captionStart="Figures 128136" captionStartId="F22" captionText="Figures 128 - 136. Gasteruption kexinae Tan &amp; van Achterberg, sp. nov., female, holotype 128 head lateral 129 mesosoma lateral 130 mesosoma dorsal 131 wings 132 propleuron ventral 133 apex of ovipositor sheath 134 head anterior 135 head dorsal 136 hind leg." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1038.64978.figures128-136" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/544083" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">134</figureCitation>
); eye glabrous, except for numerous spaced and very short setae.
</paragraph>
<caption doi="10.3897/zookeys.1038.64978.figures128-136" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/544083" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" start="Figures 128136" startId="F22">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Figures 128-136.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName authorityName="Tan &amp; van Achterberg" authorityYear="2021" class="Insecta" family="Gasteruptiidae" genus="Gasteruption" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Gasteruption kexinae" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="kexinae">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Gasteruption kexinae</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
Tan &amp; van Achterberg, sp. nov., female, holotype
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">128</emphasis>
head lateral
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">129</emphasis>
mesosoma lateral
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">130</emphasis>
mesosoma dorsal
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">131</emphasis>
wings
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">132</emphasis>
propleuron ventral
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">133</emphasis>
apex of ovipositor sheath
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">134</emphasis>
head anterior
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">135</emphasis>
head dorsal
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">136</emphasis>
hind leg.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Mesosoma</emphasis>
.
</emphasis>
Length of mesosoma 2.2
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
its height; propleuron rather slender and 1.2
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
as long as mesoscutum in front of tegula, in ventral view anteriorly distinctly narrowed; pronotal side rugose ventrally, setosity not obscuring sculpture and crenulated grooves wide, antero-ventral tooth small and triangular (Fig.
<figureCitation captionStart="Figures 128136" captionStartId="F22" captionText="Figures 128 - 136. Gasteruption kexinae Tan &amp; van Achterberg, sp. nov., female, holotype 128 head lateral 129 mesosoma lateral 130 mesosoma dorsal 131 wings 132 propleuron ventral 133 apex of ovipositor sheath 134 head anterior 135 head dorsal 136 hind leg." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1038.64978.figures128-136" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/544083" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">129</figureCitation>
); antesternal carina narrow and narrowly lamelliform; mesosternal sulcus wide and coarsely crenulate, parallel-sided and deep; middle lobe of mesoscutum medially rather dull, very finely coriaceous between spaced and coarse punctures (Fig.
<figureCitation captionStart="Figures 128136" captionStartId="F22" captionText="Figures 128 - 136. Gasteruption kexinae Tan &amp; van Achterberg, sp. nov., female, holotype 128 head lateral 129 mesosoma lateral 130 mesosoma dorsal 131 wings 132 propleuron ventral 133 apex of ovipositor sheath 134 head anterior 135 head dorsal 136 hind leg." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1038.64978.figures128-136" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/544083" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">130</figureCitation>
), in lateral view hardly protruding (Fig.
<figureCitation captionStart="Figures 128136" captionStartId="F22" captionText="Figures 128 - 136. Gasteruption kexinae Tan &amp; van Achterberg, sp. nov., female, holotype 128 head lateral 129 mesosoma lateral 130 mesosoma dorsal 131 wings 132 propleuron ventral 133 apex of ovipositor sheath 134 head anterior 135 head dorsal 136 hind leg." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1038.64978.figures128-136" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/544083" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">129</figureCitation>
); mesoscutum medio-posteriorly coarsely vermiculate and dorso-laterally largely coriaceous with some shallow punctures; scutellum finely coriaceous (Fig.
<figureCitation captionStart="Figures 128136" captionStartId="F22" captionText="Figures 128 - 136. Gasteruption kexinae Tan &amp; van Achterberg, sp. nov., female, holotype 128 head lateral 129 mesosoma lateral 130 mesosoma dorsal 131 wings 132 propleuron ventral 133 apex of ovipositor sheath 134 head anterior 135 head dorsal 136 hind leg." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1038.64978.figures128-136" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/544083" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">130</figureCitation>
); propodeum coarsely reticulate and with median carina anteriorly and median stripe posteriorly.
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Wings</emphasis>
.
</emphasis>
First discal cell parallel-sided and with outer posterior corner rounded, with vein 3-CU1 near its apical third (Fig.
<figureCitation captionStart="Figures 128136" captionStartId="F22" captionText="Figures 128 - 136. Gasteruption kexinae Tan &amp; van Achterberg, sp. nov., female, holotype 128 head lateral 129 mesosoma lateral 130 mesosoma dorsal 131 wings 132 propleuron ventral 133 apex of ovipositor sheath 134 head anterior 135 head dorsal 136 hind leg." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1038.64978.figures128-136" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/544083" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">131</figureCitation>
).
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Legs</emphasis>
.
</emphasis>
Hind coxa robust, coarsely reticulate, but dorsally coarsely transversely rugose; length of hind femur, tibia and basitarsus 3.7, 4.3 and 6.2
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
their width, respectively; hind tibia distinctly inflated (Fig.
<figureCitation captionStart="Figures 128136" captionStartId="F22" captionText="Figures 128 - 136. Gasteruption kexinae Tan &amp; van Achterberg, sp. nov., female, holotype 128 head lateral 129 mesosoma lateral 130 mesosoma dorsal 131 wings 132 propleuron ventral 133 apex of ovipositor sheath 134 head anterior 135 head dorsal 136 hind leg." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1038.64978.figures128-136" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/544083" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">136</figureCitation>
); middle tarsus 1.2
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
as long as middle tibia; middle femur subparallel-sided and distinctly more slender than fore femur.
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Metasoma</emphasis>
.
</emphasis>
Ovipositor sheath 14.6 mm, 0.9
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
as long as body, 1.4
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
as long as metasoma and 5.6
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
as long as hind tibia; ovipositor sheath with dense cover of very fine adpressed setae, its apical white part 1.5
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
as long as hind basitarsus; emargination of hypopygium 0.4
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
length of hypopygium (Fig.
<figureCitation captionStart="Figures 124127" captionStartId="F21" captionText="Figures 124 - 127. Gasteruption kexinae Tan &amp; van Achterberg, sp. nov., female, holotype 124 habitus lateral 125 apex of metasoma ventral 126 base of antenna 127 details of vertex dorsal." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1038.64978.figures124-127" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/544082" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">125</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Colour</emphasis>
.
</emphasis>
Black; antenna (except blackish four basal segments and apical segment) largely dark brown; mandible largely brown (Fig.
<figureCitation captionStart="Figures 128136" captionStartId="F22" captionText="Figures 128 - 136. Gasteruption kexinae Tan &amp; van Achterberg, sp. nov., female, holotype 128 head lateral 129 mesosoma lateral 130 mesosoma dorsal 131 wings 132 propleuron ventral 133 apex of ovipositor sheath 134 head anterior 135 head dorsal 136 hind leg." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1038.64978.figures128-136" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/544083" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">128</figureCitation>
); clypeus latero-ventrally black; labial palpi brown, tegulum and humeral plate dark brown; fore and middle tibiae basally, largely fore and middle basitarsi, large elliptical baso-ventral patch (including narrow dorsal part) of hind tibia, hind basitarsus (but basal third dark brown and dorso-apically infuscate) and apex of ovipositor sheath ivory or white (Fig.
<figureCitation captionStart="Figures 128136" captionStartId="F22" captionText="Figures 128 - 136. Gasteruption kexinae Tan &amp; van Achterberg, sp. nov., female, holotype 128 head lateral 129 mesosoma lateral 130 mesosoma dorsal 131 wings 132 propleuron ventral 133 apex of ovipositor sheath 134 head anterior 135 head dorsal 136 hind leg." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1038.64978.figures128-136" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/544083" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">133</figureCitation>
); trochantelli brown; second and third metasomal tergites apically conspicuously yellowish-brown; veins and pterostigma dark brown; wing membrane slightly brownish.
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Male.</emphasis>
Very similar to female (including fine coriaceous sculpture of mesoscutum, Fig.
<figureCitation captionStart="Figures 139143" captionStartId="F24" captionText="Figures 139 - 143. Gasteruption kexinae Tan &amp; van Achterberg, sp. nov., male, paratype 139 mesosoma dorsal 140 hind leg 141 base of antenna 142 head dorsal 143 head lateral." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1038.64978.figures139-143" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/544085" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">139</figureCitation>
), but hind basitarsus entirely dark brown (Fig.
<figureCitation captionStart="Figures 139143" captionStartId="F24" captionText="Figures 139 - 143. Gasteruption kexinae Tan &amp; van Achterberg, sp. nov., male, paratype 139 mesosoma dorsal 140 hind leg 141 base of antenna 142 head dorsal 143 head lateral." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1038.64978.figures139-143" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/544085" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">140</figureCitation>
) and wings brownish; antenna (except 4 basal segments) ventrally or entirely brown or dark brown; third antennal segment 1.5-1.8
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
as long as second segment; fourth antennal segment 1.9-2.3
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
as long as third segment and 1.1-1.7
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
as long as second and third segments combined, fifth antennal segment 1.9-2.1
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
as long as third segment (Fig.
<figureCitation captionStart="Figures 139143" captionStartId="F24" captionText="Figures 139 - 143. Gasteruption kexinae Tan &amp; van Achterberg, sp. nov., male, paratype 139 mesosoma dorsal 140 hind leg 141 base of antenna 142 head dorsal 143 head lateral." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1038.64978.figures139-143" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/544085" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">141</figureCitation>
); apical and pre-apical sternite entirely dark brown; paramere densely whitish setose and its apex ivory or pale yellowish (Fig.
<figureCitation captionStart="Figures 137138" captionStartId="F23" captionText="Figures 137 - 138. Gasteruption kexinae Tan &amp; van Achterberg, sp. nov., male, paratype 137 habitus lateral 138 apex of metasoma lateral." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1038.64978.figures137-138" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/544084" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">138</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<caption doi="10.3897/zookeys.1038.64978.figures137-138" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/544084" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" start="Figures 137138" startId="F23">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Figures 137-138.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName authorityName="Tan &amp; van Achterberg" authorityYear="2021" class="Insecta" family="Gasteruptiidae" genus="Gasteruption" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Gasteruption kexinae" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="kexinae">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Gasteruption kexinae</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
Tan &amp; van Achterberg, sp. nov., male, paratype
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">137</emphasis>
habitus lateral
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">138</emphasis>
apex of metasoma lateral.
</paragraph>
</caption>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="variation">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Variations.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
Body length of ♀ 14.6-16.1 mm, of ♂ 12.5-16.5 mm; propleuron 1.0-1.2
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
as long as mesoscutum in front of tegula; ovipositor sheath 0.9-1.0
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
as long as body; white or ivory apical part of ovipositor sheath 1.0-2.1
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
longer than hind basitarsus; antenna (except basally) dark brown or brown.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="distribution">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Distribution.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">China (Fujian, Guangxi, Hainan, Hubei, Hunan, Jiangsu, Ningxia, Shanghai, Taiwan, Zhejiang).</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="etymology">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Etymology.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
Named after the first author of the revision of the
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Gasteruptiidae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">Gasteruptiidae</taxonomicName>
from China, Ms Ke-xin Zhao, for her excellent cooperation and taxonomical insight.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="notes">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Notes.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
The female lectotype of
<taxonomicName family="Gasteruptiidae" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="G. rufescenticorne" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="rufescenticorne">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">G. rufescenticorne</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
Enderlein became available after the revision by
<bibRefCitation DOI="https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.237.3956" author="Zhao, K-X" journalOrPublisher="ZooKeys" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="1 - 123" refId="B68" refString="Zhao, K-X, van Achterberg, C, Xu, Z-F, 2012. A revision of the Chinese Gasteruptiidae (Hymenoptera, Evanioidea). ZooKeys 237: 1 - 123, DOI: https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.237.3956" title="A revision of the Chinese Gasteruptiidae (Hymenoptera, Evanioidea)." url="https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.237.3956" volume="237" year="2012">Zhao et al. (2012)</bibRefCitation>
was completed. The interpretation of this species was based on the male paralectotype, which proved to belong to another species rather than the lectotype. The species, based on the male paralectotype, is here described as
<taxonomicName family="Gasteruptiidae" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="G. kexinae" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="kexinae">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">G. kexinae</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
sp. nov. and the real
<taxonomicName family="Gasteruptiidae" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="G. rufescenticorne" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="rufescenticorne">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">G. rufescenticorne</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, based on the lectotype, is synonymised with
<taxonomicName family="Gasteruptiidae" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="G. japonicum" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="japonicum">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">G. japonicum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(syn. nov.).
</paragraph>
<caption doi="10.3897/zookeys.1038.64978.figures139-143" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/544085" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" start="Figures 139143" startId="F24">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Figures 139-143.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName authorityName="Tan &amp; van Achterberg" authorityYear="2021" class="Insecta" family="Gasteruptiidae" genus="Gasteruption" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Gasteruption kexinae" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="kexinae">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Gasteruption kexinae</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
Tan &amp; van Achterberg, sp. nov., male, paratype
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">139</emphasis>
mesosoma dorsal
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">140</emphasis>
hind leg
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">141</emphasis>
base of antenna
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">142</emphasis>
head dorsal
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">143</emphasis>
head lateral.
</paragraph>
</caption>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>