treatments-xml/data/B9/4D/87/B94D87F8FFCEDC48FBEEFBC8FE88889D.xml

<document id="C41120351A03BCA7FCE78E1B9AE3E72C" ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.1948.1.2" ID-ISSN="1175­5334" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5231341" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1629575161015" checkinUser="felipe" docAuthor="Scharcansky, Alexandre &amp; Lucena, Carlos Alberto S." docDate="2008" docId="B94D87F8FFCEDC48FBEEFBC8FE88889D" docLanguage="en" docName="zt01948p056.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 1948 (1)" docSource="https://biotaxa.org/Zootaxa/article/view/zootaxa.1948.1.2" docStyle="DocumentStyle:6581673A57F01A3145754A1E615EDFF0.4:Zootaxa.2007-2008.journal_article" docStyleId="6581673A57F01A3145754A1E615EDFF0" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2007-2008.journal_article" docStyleVersion="4" docTitle="Prochilodus lineatus" docType="treatment" docVersion="3" lastPageNumber="42" masterDocId="4574FF80FFC8DC4EFB79FF97FFB58E51" masterDocTitle="Phylogenetic assessment of ultrastructural and histological characters of teeth in the Anostomoidea, Hemiodontidae and Parodontidae (Teleostei: Ostariophysi: Characiformes)" masterLastPageNumber="56" masterPageNumber="36" pageNumber="42" updateTime="1699078663309" updateUser="plazi" zenodo-license-document="CLOSED">
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<mods:title id="74877A946665BD7567ABFB4A6A3F0D93">Phylogenetic assessment of ultrastructural and histological characters of teeth in the Anostomoidea, Hemiodontidae and Parodontidae (Teleostei: Ostariophysi: Characiformes)</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="C86D1DD53E1721947F01ABF7E61C7A29">Scharcansky, Alexandre</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="743481648B4384C898CF46763F87EB49">Animal Science and Veterinary Laboratory. Hebrew University of Jerusalém. Faculty of Agricultural, food and Environmental Quality Sciences. Rehovot 76100, Israel. E-mail: ytzhak. scharcansky @ mail. huji. ac. il Setor de Peixes. Museu de Ciências e Tecnologia da Pontifícia Universidade do Rio Grande do Sul. Av. Ipiranga 6681. 90619 - 900. Porto Alegre, Brazil. RS. E-mail: lucena @ pucrs. br</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="3E52D601B2C67F1ABADB3DAAC03931AF">Lucena, Carlos Alberto S.</mods:namePart>
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<taxonomicName id="F6E44D6DFFCEDC48FBEEFBC8FDF88A28" ID-CoL="4MN8G" authority="(Valenciennes)" baseAuthorityName="Valenciennes" box="[151,589,1119,1145]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Prochilodontidae" genus="Prochilodus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Characiformes" pageId="6" pageNumber="42" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="lineatus">
<emphasis id="0390EAFCFFCEDC48FBEEFBC8FE248A28" bold="true" box="[151,401,1119,1145]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="42">Prochilodus lineatus</emphasis>
(Valenciennes)
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(
<figureCitation id="A9DF2A6BFFCEDC48F924FBC8FD058A28" box="[605,688,1119,1145]" captionStart="FIGURE 8" captionStartId="10.[151,255,1901,1925]" captionTargetBox="[215,1374,185,1853]" captionTargetId="figure-78@10.[191,1397,171,1875]" captionTargetPageId="10" captionText="FIGURE 8. Prochilodus lineatus (Valenciennes, 1836) MCP 14385, 174.89 mm SL - A: Premaxilla and teeth, left side, frontal view. B: Left premaxilla teeth, frontal view, apical region detail. C: Left premaxilla teeth, frontal view, median region. D: Left premaxilla teeth, teeth-premaxilla bone contact, frontal view. E: Premaxilla tooth, left side, SEM image showing the crystal apatite arrangement, labiolingual direction." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5231357" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5231357/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="42">Figs. 8</figureCitation>
and 
<figureCitation id="A9DF2A6BFFCEDC48F994FBC8FD498A28" box="[749,764,1119,1145]" captionStart="FIGURE 9" captionStartId="11.[151,255,1211,1235]" captionTargetBox="[454,1133,182,1185]" captionTargetId="figure-312@11.[434,1152,172,1204]" captionTargetPageId="11" captionText="FIGURE 9. Prochilodus lineatus (Valenciennes, 1836) MCP 14385, 174.89 mm SL A. Dentary, cross section (10x). B and C: Replacement teeth, 10x and 40x respectively. D: Functional teeth embedded in epithelial tissue (20x). E. Dentary, cross section, showing the pre-eruptive rotations of germs of replacement teeth; arrow points the apical region of the replacement teeth. DE=dentary; DF=functional teeth; DN=dentin; DS=replacement teeth; ES=enamel; LP=periodontal ligament; PA=dental papilla; PO=pulp; TC=connective tissue; TE=epithelial tissue." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5231359" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5231359/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="42">9</figureCitation>
)
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No bone tissue was identified close to the rows of functional teeth. The replacement teeth are arranged away from the functional row and comprise groups somewhat organized. Each set is enclosed by connective and adipose tissues. The posterior teeth show an earlier development stage when compared to more anterior teeth, and are aligned differently with respect to the functional teeth. Therefore, they show a pre-eruptive rotation. Histologically, the replacement teeth in their final stage show a pattern similar to the functional teeth from the exterior inwards: a narrow enamel layer (light area of tooth, see 
<figureCitation id="A9DF2A6BFFCEDC48F8F8FAE5FC4C8BDD" box="[897,1017,1394,1420]" captionStart="FIGURE 9" captionStartId="11.[151,255,1211,1235]" captionTargetBox="[454,1133,182,1185]" captionTargetId="figure-312@11.[434,1152,172,1204]" captionTargetPageId="11" captionText="FIGURE 9. Prochilodus lineatus (Valenciennes, 1836) MCP 14385, 174.89 mm SL A. Dentary, cross section (10x). B and C: Replacement teeth, 10x and 40x respectively. D: Functional teeth embedded in epithelial tissue (20x). E. Dentary, cross section, showing the pre-eruptive rotations of germs of replacement teeth; arrow points the apical region of the replacement teeth. DE=dentary; DF=functional teeth; DN=dentin; DS=replacement teeth; ES=enamel; LP=periodontal ligament; PA=dental papilla; PO=pulp; TC=connective tissue; TE=epithelial tissue." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5231359" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5231359/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="42">Figure 9C</figureCitation>
), demineralized due to the histological preparation process, is surrounded by elongated ameloblasts. Next is the dentin layer. It was not possible to detect the odontoblasts in the sections analyzed. Starting from the enamel layer we see conspicuous periodontal ligaments already fully developed. Finally, the dental papilla (mesenchymal cells) forms an elongated or elliptical area.
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<paragraph id="315B36EEFFCEDC48FBBFF9ADFE88889D" blockId="6.[151,1436,1194,1740]" pageId="6" pageNumber="42">The functional teeth are connected along the dentin layer to connective tissue by small periodontal ligaments. The dentin layer is evenly narrow all around the teeth. The dental pulp is restricted to the region before the horizontal line that goes through the lip-tooth connection, and bordered in the back by a thick layer of connective tissue.</paragraph>
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