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<document ID-CLB-Dataset="9487" ID-DOI="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.168.51904" ID-GBIF-Dataset="e7345e6b-fa55-474e-9b6e-d6b185121541" ID-PMC="PMC7718216" ID-Pensoft-Pub="1314-2003-168-1" ID-Pensoft-UUID="5F39D34A0DEF5952A2C4E9090C14B498" ID-PubMed="33335445" ModsDocID="1314-2003-168-1" checkinTime="1606572050664" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Dean, Ellen, Poore, Jennifer, Anguiano-Constante, Marco Antonio, Nee, Michael H., Kang, Hannah, Starbuck, Thomas, Rodrigues, Annamarie &amp; Conner, Matthew" docDate="2020" docId="B4C7DF59A4B0B7F450B6624D3E05ECB8" docLanguage="en" docName="PhytoKeys 168: 1-333" docOrigin="PhytoKeys 168" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.168.51904" docTitle="Lycianthes ceratocalycia (Donn. Sm.) Bitter Abh. Naturwiss. Verein Bremen 24 [preprint]: 498. 1919" docType="treatment" docVersion="6" id="5F39D34A0DEF5952A2C4E9090C14B498" lastPageNumber="1" masterDocId="5F39D34A0DEF5952A2C4E9090C14B498" masterDocTitle="The genus Lycianthes (Solanaceae, Capsiceae) in Mexico and Guatemala" masterLastPageNumber="333" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="1" updateTime="1732941180293" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:title id="4FEB38C5AC1368E82C32DC56880605C8">The genus Lycianthes (Solanaceae, Capsiceae) in Mexico and Guatemala</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="2B493751BDFD5550B31525B2A5DD1BF7">Poore, Jennifer</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="C0C76CF77EE94A84A82B9030D7FE613D">Anguiano-Constante, Marco Antonio</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="5BAB981B05532BBB948267576ACA4B19">Laboratorio Nacional de Identificacion y Caracterizacion Vegetal (LaniVeg), Consejo Nacional de Ciencia y Tecnologia (CONACyT), Centro Universitario de Ciencias Biologicas y Agropecuarias, Universidad de Guadalajara, Camino Ramon Padilla Sanchez 2100, 45110 Nextipac, Zapopan, Jalisco, Mexico</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="F85BDAAD7869EBC54F47B5CBDE09589E">Nee, Michael H.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="660023AFD0877933E0464C08A32E62F1">Kang, Hannah</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="2CA4C6461BFE55B099470B330613B80B">Rodrigues, Annamarie</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="FF1B64325B53533871C9263A5F6ED7AD">Conner, Matthew</mods:namePart>
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<mods:date id="1C3F0B83D26D277A30DFC7615AD41FF7">2020</mods:date>
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<mods:classification id="CA5B8E46EA2EFC7C188EE7656727351E">journal article</mods:classification>
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<treatment id="B4C7DF59A4B0B7F450B6624D3E05ECB8" ID-GBIF-Taxon="170596521" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:B4C7DF59A4B0B7F450B6624D3E05ECB8" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/B4C7DF59A4B0B7F450B6624D3E05ECB8" lastPageNumber="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" scope_family="Solanaceae">
<subSubSection id="58E4FE85D96EA244512D97A953EB4335" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="38C4D4C490A62DE8EE4CB5A7602BE47E" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
9
<taxonomicName id="AD5E1EAD262655F64D49B2C06F52CDBF" ID-CoL="3WK49" authority="(Donn. Sm.) Bitter Abh. Naturwiss. Verein Bremen 24 [preprint]: 498. 1919" authorityName="(Donn. Sm.) Bitter Abh. Naturwiss. Verein Bremen 24 [preprint]: 498." authorityYear="1919" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Solanaceae" genus="Lycianthes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Lycianthes ceratocalycia" order="Solanales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="ceratocalycia">Lycianthes ceratocalycia (Donn.Sm.) Bitter Abh. Naturwiss. Verein Bremen 24 [preprint]: 498. 1919</taxonomicName>
<figureCitation id="60C978CFA114B65C9E561B8FD33B9D58" captionStart="Figure 22" captionStartId="F22" captionText="Figure 22. Image of herbarium specimen of L. ceratocalycia, Dean 9510 (DAV). Image used with permission of the UC Davis Center for Plant Diversity." figureDoi="10.3897/phytokeys.168.51904.figure22" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/480034" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Fig. 22</figureCitation>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="69EE1E28241370B8BA52A2D069315563" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="reference_group">
<paragraph id="708E2CC72E99F9D131BCE46C90AA7A8C" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<taxonomicName id="23B8D67E78A3197AD7934B994F00AC9D" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Solanaceae" genus="Brachistus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Brachistus ceratocalycius" order="Solanales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="ceratocalycius">Brachistus ceratocalycius</taxonomicName>
Donn.Sm. Bot. Gaz. 48: 297. 1909. Type: Guatemala. Dept. Alta Verapaz: In silva montana prope
<normalizedToken id="7077A94B2BAD76CA216545B123B39542" originalValue="Cobán">Coban</normalizedToken>
, 1600 m, Jan 1908,
<emphasis id="0B11DB07AC27D3B25EA00420549244ED" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">H. von Tuerkheim II 2060</emphasis>
(lectotype designated by
<bibRefCitation id="3B96F9A519A4881BDB50168046F34E25" DOI="https://doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.349.1.4" author="Dean, E" journalOrPublisher="Phytotaxa" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="39 - 46" refId="B45" refString="Dean, E, Reyes, M, 2018a. Lectotypification of names in the genus Lycianthes (Solanaceae). Phytotaxa 349 (1): 39 - 46, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.349.1.4" title="Lectotypification of names in the genus Lycianthes (Solanaceae)." url="https://doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.349.1.4" volume="349" year="2018 a">Dean and Reyes 2018a</bibRefCitation>
, pg.40: US [00624002]; isolectotypes: BM [000514916], BR, E [E00190707], F [0072757F, acc. # 680315], G [G00379123], M [M-0171534], NY [00007074], US [00624001], W [acc. # 1908-5994]).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="B155BF5B370FACDBAD5D7C26D8B3CF11" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="21D01592C8C15B4208712F2AF0916F51" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Type.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="60453247FB998E05A449DC9C407742CF" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
Based on
<taxonomicName id="3AC65D61E9CF936E00AEDF7974772F52" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Solanaceae" genus="Brachistus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Brachistus ceratocalycius" order="Solanales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="ceratocalycius">
<emphasis id="43CC4E974B28556AC84E367967BACE82" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Brachistus ceratocalycius</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
Donn.Sm.
</paragraph>
<caption id="2A6696613F80B809B833BFC2BD53F693" doi="10.3897/phytokeys.168.51904.figure22" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/480034" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" start="Figure 22" startId="F22">
<paragraph id="648C6AB231B769A8049CD0333828A623" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<emphasis id="626EF1173744AB3989A4E3D3F2AC3559" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Figure 22.</emphasis>
Image of herbarium specimen of
<taxonomicName id="25F49E7512142D5EEEF906F9BCB35639" lsidName="L. ceratocalycia" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="ceratocalycia">
<emphasis id="F99DF152A9159E8FA78C84E03F12E870" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">L. ceratocalycia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<emphasis id="40D4D4374052FFE5AD29A198FE6B7428" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Dean 9510</emphasis>
(DAV). Image used with permission of the UC Davis Center for Plant Diversity.
</paragraph>
</caption>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="FA6CB9D39426430174D17423BEFBDA76" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="description">
<paragraph id="E4B66764D76695DB2A358352684A9D61" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Description.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="C3CFD9A6D670E9D12DDA197861CB9E40" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
Herb to shrub, erect, 0.5-2 m tall, sometimes epiphytic. Indument of off-white to tan, uniseriate, multicellular, simple, eglandular, appressed-ascending trichomes 0.1-0.2 mm long. Stems green when young, the surface with brownish scurfy horizontal lines (perpendicular to stem axis), glabrous to moderately pubescent, compressed upon drying in a plant press, woody with age; upper sympodial branching points monochasial or dichasial. Leaves simple, the leaves of the upper sympodia usually paired and unequal in size, the larger ones with blades 4-14
<normalizedToken id="610760266C6AB70481F4FA4090F1DF19" originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
2-4 cm, the smaller ones with blades 1.5-6
<normalizedToken id="7E9D388DF67E51E273A1648C1C7D32FD" originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
1-2.5 cm, the leaf pairs usually similar in shape, the blades ovate to elliptic (sometimes narrowly), membranaceous to chartaceous, sometimes purple abaxially, glabrous to sparsely pubescent, the base cuneate to attenuate, sometimes oblique, the margin entire, usually undulate, the apex acute to acuminate, the petiole 0.2-0.7 cm long, sometimes absent, the larger leaf blades with 4-6 primary veins on each side of the midvein. Flowers in groups of 2-5 (15), axillary, erect; peduncles absent; pedicels 7-17 mm and erect in flower, to 25 mm long and erect in fruit, glabrous to moderately pubescent; calyx 2.5-4 mm long, 4-5 mm in diameter, campanulate, puberulent with very small trichomes, the margin truncate, undulate, very well developed, with 10 very short, reflexed appendages 0.25-1 mm long emerging 1-1.5 mm below the calyx rim; fruiting calyx enlarged, widely bowl-shaped, 2-2.5 mm long, 6-8 mm in diameter, the appendages not changing in length; corolla 0.5-1.2 cm long, campanulate to reflexed in orientation, stellate in outline, divided at least 3/4 of the way to the base, with scarce interpetalar tissue, lilac to purple adaxially and abaxially, with deeper purple markings adaxially near the stamens, pubescent abaxially with very short trichomes; stamens equal, straight, the filaments ca. 1 mm long, glabrous, the anthers 3-4.5 mm long, lanceolate, free of one another, pale yellow (sometimes with brown shiny pigment on the outer side), glabrous, poricidal at the tips, the pores round, dehiscing distally, not opening into longitudinal slits; pistil with glabrous ovary, the style 6-7 mm long, linear, straight to curved at the tip, glabrous; stigma capitate, decurrent down two sides. Fruit a berry, 5-9 mm long, 5-9 mm in diameter, globose to ovoid, red at maturity, glabrous, lacking sclerotic granules. Seeds 10-60 per fruit, 1.5-2.5
<normalizedToken id="3662E70FE652F3A5094332F398CE8014" originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
1.5-2 mm, flattened with slightly raised and thickened edges, depressed ovate to circular in outline, tan to orange, with the surface reticulum with minute serpentine pattern and shallow luminae.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="6019EF71A82C8FB03203985CBCA06B56" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="chromosome number">
<paragraph id="FDFD6180C2E0B9932D393F8AA25523CE" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Chromosome number.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="32A04178DBA030D1FFF965875561CBF8" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Unknown.</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="DF2F32A0446CB1E856B1ADA650277FD0" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="distribution">
<paragraph id="F5938F311873FA907E91887A1E89F00E" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Distribution and habitat.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="6AA97549492F384978E658FC45551C3E" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
Mexico (Chiapas) and Guatemala (Alta Verapaz, Huehuetenango, and
<normalizedToken id="37E1E60A0D046226444D77CFAD7815C9" originalValue="Quiché">Quiche</normalizedToken>
), in cloud forest, including oak forest, sometimes in disturbed or open areas, often on calcareous soil, 1300-2100 m in elevation (Fig.
<figureCitation id="636046CE8A27300B95F5ECF1EA1D4AA6" captionStart="Figure 23" captionStartId="F23" captionText="Figure 23. Map of geographic distribution of L. ceratocalycia based on herbarium specimen data." figureDoi="10.3897/phytokeys.168.51904.figure23" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/480035" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">23</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<caption id="7C6FE7A337AB6679992FFEF116EE7F20" doi="10.3897/phytokeys.168.51904.figure23" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/480035" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" start="Figure 23" startId="F23">
<paragraph id="3B457FE22CA52A06459F9339F534D4FA" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<emphasis id="41CC075F6BDFA325272652A77058B38A" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Figure 23.</emphasis>
Map of geographic distribution of
<taxonomicName id="142971E308A47B245FAEFCCC92B75AFF" lsidName="L. ceratocalycia" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="ceratocalycia">
<emphasis id="C64384856E6302DB9EEC230B9F072EDE" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">L. ceratocalycia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
based on herbarium specimen data.
</paragraph>
</caption>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="F720B63586CBC8530C7C5226C5E83374" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="common names and uses">
<paragraph id="A6ACE65B7D0E7CE0815BACEC5A6EB0E9" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Common names and uses.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="AFC49C9F6955851138D7837AF2B1CB61" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">None known.</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="84A1AE38A18228469280E10A83042633" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="phenology">
<paragraph id="C2FBF77B0C0ED82E6359FE255990AD9F" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Phenology.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="4E387A191C15B89FE00F9306AD162AD1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Flowering specimens have been collected April to September. Specimens with mature fruits have been collected in August. In the field in Mexico and Guatemala, the first author observed that the corollas are open in the morning and closed in the afternoon.</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="4AA6370C8C310DAC6B9815BA40E17882" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="preliminary conservation status">
<paragraph id="B1DC834B5EB2A25D2A09421A252EEED2" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Preliminary conservation status.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="6194A693153C64AFB4871E267AA02B00" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<taxonomicName id="C6F1EB156722A6EE5A48CA1094C56BE4" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Solanaceae" genus="Lycianthes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Lycianthes ceratocalycia" order="Solanales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="ceratocalycia">
<emphasis id="97A66BD2A4E0A5B03096C95BA67D6E1D" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Lycianthes ceratocalycia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is a species restricted to Guatemala and lands immediately adjacent in Chiapas that is known from only 10 locations, only one of which is from a protected area (Lagunas de Montebello, Mexico). The EOO is 2,169.823 km2, and the AOO is 40 km2. Following the
<bibRefCitation id="C91C4FF53FF49E6A929F73F0768256C5" author="IUCN" journalOrPublisher="The Linnean Society of London, Academic Press, London" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" publicationUrl="http://jr.iucnredlist.org/documents/redlistGuidelines" refId="B67" refString="IUCN, 2019. Guidelines for using the IUCN red list categories and criteria. version 12. Prepared by the Standards and Petitions Subcommittee in February 2019. http://jr.iucnredlist.org/documents/redlistGuidelines" title="Guidelines for using the IUCN red list categories and criteria. version 12. Prepared by the Standards and Petitions Subcommittee in February 2019." url="http://jr.iucnredlist.org/documents/redlistGuidelines" year="2019">IUCN (2019)</bibRefCitation>
criteria, the preliminary assessment category is Endangered (EN).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="D17B71DC1D0A2C1B639F51D833242CB5" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="discussion">
<paragraph id="37533A37CA13A75638475070A32CFCB8" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Discussion.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="B87ABA8C4B8A7B9EA1C7F80E4C50D2E9" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<taxonomicName id="2DBE1BEEF8791D195B9386487B6DB0EA" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Solanaceae" genus="Lycianthes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Lycianthes ceratocalycia" order="Solanales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="ceratocalycia">
<emphasis id="5EE2157A389D0E52C13200830726A595" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Lycianthes ceratocalycia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
was rarely collected until recently. It can be distinguished from similar species with stellate corollas and equal stamens by the scurfy horizontal lines on the young stems.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="FD40DBB8B35D593C0829477A6F95F76A" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="48F3CF4DC55187C9F617F5A5F2063ACB" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Representative specimens examined.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="AAA7DAB57859F1163B4330526C2E22CC" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<emphasis id="88F3C8AE0325E061EC25292C4D5A0B71" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Guatemala. Alta Verapaz</emphasis>
: San
<normalizedToken id="4C4712526D3F1B85C774DE9FC9C4DC4C" originalValue="Cristóbal">Cristobal</normalizedToken>
, Finca Pamac II,
<geoCoordinate id="4F92886D26E04C72214042D2CB9FE8C4" degrees="15.3986" direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="5" value="15.3986">15.3986</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="48C6CB6D2A7A63DEF2270B8290B2FDC3" degrees="90.5883" direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="5" value="-90.5883">-90.5883</geoCoordinate>
, 2146 m, 16 Aug 2015,
<emphasis id="6227768947774A6F16D0F17337931F6A" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">A. Borrayo 5</emphasis>
(BIGU).
<emphasis id="BC33F6ED2C75E0D62021887A50746835" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Huehuetenango</emphasis>
: northwestern region near the border with Mexico. Mpio. San Mateo
<normalizedToken id="A7915AAF82A0C268FDF0B7EA6E9D7BF6" originalValue="Ixtatán">Ixtatan</normalizedToken>
, E of the town of Aguacate, along road to town of Yalanhuitz,
<geoCoordinate id="E583B64BCC885F0F26584DE03F6756E7" degrees="16.0377" direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="5" value="16.0377">16.0377</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="804C5A09A98B6DD9C37773D575981014" degrees="91.4662" direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="5" value="-91.4662">-91.4662</geoCoordinate>
, 1567 m, 15 Aug 2017,
<emphasis id="8AF79374309D62B806B66827538C2E9B" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">E. Dean 9510</emphasis>
(DAV).
<emphasis id="C75A60D14E752F1285D29DA86D3FF62F" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<normalizedToken id="706CC6F64D0FC5E827E55BB5B5DA61BB" originalValue="Quiché">Quiche</normalizedToken>
</emphasis>
: camino a Amachel,
<geoCoordinate id="7196171A88CAFFD6C7812D85B38D46A7" degrees="15.6878" direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="5" value="15.6878">15.6878</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="BC7E7E03E9D914567077DB06F96C6324" degrees="90.9928" direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="5" value="-90.9928">-90.9928</geoCoordinate>
, 1553 m, 25 Jun 2006,
<emphasis id="3ABF9DAD0E23EF3C06FE4338A7B8A3C2" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
R.
<normalizedToken id="3CEB23D61CB7959591A4AEDDF43F5543" originalValue="Ávila">Avila</normalizedToken>
3038
</emphasis>
(MEXU, MEXU).
<emphasis id="7181A7D2F9D500AD916E7E7B20964970" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Mexico. Chiapas</emphasis>
: Mpio. La Trinitaria, Parque Nacional Lagunas de Montebello, at an outlook (mirador) above and to the E of Dos Lagunas, on the west side of Hwy 307 to the E of Lago Tziscao, ca. 7 km E of the intersection of Hwy 307 and the road to Cinco Lagos,
<geoCoordinate id="D43B5B1BC9A1F3C330C6A552843047DA" degrees="16.0939" direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="5" value="16.0939">16.0939</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="BD9B76A4C2C7D9162F66D2D6E2B67340" degrees="91.6361" direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="5" value="-91.6361">-91.6361</geoCoordinate>
, 1461 m, 14 Sep 2017,
<emphasis id="004F47FDCAE37D08A2146B6A9786A8FF" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">E. Dean 9532</emphasis>
(DAV).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>