241 lines
29 KiB
XML
241 lines
29 KiB
XML
<document id="CA221F2D450648AA01F8B74C7E5D5FB2" ID-CLB-Dataset="6170" ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.4975.2.1" ID-GBIF-Dataset="b98c5a41-914b-4398-8dca-2cf9b36d1817" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="4806677" ID-ZooBank="6EB83A89-CC46-4F4E-99D5-B180A4677B7A" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="existingObjects,plazi" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1622019802693" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Parnaby, Harry & Gill, Anthony C." docDate="2021" docId="B42F87F7FFBF1519FF7EFC739CFD8B61" docLanguage="en" docName="zootaxa.4975.2.1.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 4975 (2)" docStyle="DocumentStyle:647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D.9:Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleId="647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="9" docTitle="Pteropus epularius Ramsay 1877" docType="treatment" docVersion="8" lastPageNumber="240" masterDocId="4816FF8FFF9A153EFFE9FF84996E8A20" masterDocTitle="Mammal type specimens in the Macleay Collections, University of Sydney" masterLastPageNumber="252" masterPageNumber="201" pageNumber="238" updateTime="1698991120771" updateUser="ExternalLinkService" zenodo-license-document="CLOSED">
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<mods:title id="802341B9F0221095E13EEB701EAD3A71">Mammal type specimens in the Macleay Collections, University of Sydney</mods:title>
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<mods:name id="47958989DB8F6326AA2AF513BC35F41A" type="personal">
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<mods:roleTerm id="E9A1C4402D3AC4621CB8ACC45CBDEB5C">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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<mods:namePart id="612D18F06819DEEEE158DE4C9271E2AA">Parnaby, Harry</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="BE4D1E7DC65B17D5354D1CACF9F4048C">Mammalogy, Australian Museum Research Institute, Australian Museum, 1 William St, Sydney, NSW 2010, Australia.</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="8F4A37FAC10A366E6C3CC0F517D037AD">Gill, Anthony C.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:nameIdentifier id="FDB59B4E48C3224FD87E0C1EDC5753C2" type="ORCID">0000-0002-8990-3657</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:affiliation id="15F77A8757D7B5701874877E9C8628AC">Macleay Collections, Chau Chak Wing Museum, University Avenue, The University of Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia. Anthony. c. gill @ sydney. edu. au; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0002 - 8990 - 3657 & Ichthyology, Australian Museum Research Institute, Australian Museum, 1 William Street, Sydney, NSW 2010.</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:nameIdentifier id="2A89B40321609DCEBDE753052B908D0C" type="email">nthony.c.gill@sydney.edu.au</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:title id="D96A56D91915BD194260046D04B9C7C6">Zootaxa</mods:title>
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<mods:part id="FE64DB52A5CD459BC36568B8B0FB8B73">
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<mods:date id="1DB99EC1F814A462AFD75F4868CCA2D4">2021</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="83BC6A44D036C7CBE02F83123C62A7DF">2021-05-25</mods:number>
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<mods:number id="95457837DEB086D7257F96A6B402D36B">4975</mods:number>
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<treatment id="B42F87F7FFBF1519FF7EFC739CFD8B61" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4925137" ID-GBIF-Taxon="182645578" ID-Zenodo-Dep="4925137" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:B42F87F7FFBF1519FF7EFC739CFD8B61" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/B42F87F7FFBF1519FF7EFC739CFD8B61" lastPageId="39" lastPageNumber="240" pageId="37" pageNumber="238">
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<subSubSection id="749C656AFFBF151BFF7EFC739BB78E30" box="[151,729,1014,1041]" pageId="37" pageNumber="238" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="3C3936E1FFBF151BFF7EFC739BB78E30" blockId="37.[151,729,1014,1041]" box="[151,729,1014,1041]" pageId="37" pageNumber="238">
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<heading id="6771818DFFBF151BFF7EFC739BB78E30" bold="true" box="[151,729,1014,1041]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="37" pageNumber="238" reason="1">
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<taxonomicName id="FB864D62FFBF151BFF7EFC739BB78E30" ID-CoL="64365" authority="Ramsay, 1877" box="[151,729,1014,1041]" class="Mammalia" family="Pteropodidae" genus="Pteropus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="37" pageNumber="238" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="0EF2EAF3FFBF151BFF7EFC739BB78E30" bold="true" box="[151,729,1014,1041]" pageId="37" pageNumber="238">
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<emphasis id="0EF2EAF3FFBF151BFF7EFC739B788E31" bold="true" box="[151,534,1014,1041]" italics="true" pageId="37" pageNumber="238">Pteropus (Epomops?) epularius</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="58174B10FFBF151BFDF7FC739BB78E30" author="Ramsay, E. P." box="[542,729,1014,1041]" pageId="37" pageNumber="238" pagination="7 - 15" refId="ref39433" refString="Ramsay, E. P. (1877 a) Zoology of the " Chevert ". Mammals. Part 1. Proceedings of the Linnean Society of New South Wales, Series 1, 2 (1), 7 - 15." type="journal article" year="1877">Ramsay, 1877a</bibRefCitation>
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</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="749C656AFFBF151BFF7EFBB89BC78E73" box="[151,681,1083,1107]" pageId="37" pageNumber="238" type="multiple">
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<paragraph id="3C3936E1FFBF151BFF7EFBB89BC78E73" blockId="37.[151,681,1083,1107]" box="[151,681,1083,1107]" pageId="37" pageNumber="238">
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<emphasis id="0EF2EAF3FFBF151BFF7EFBB898EB8E72" box="[151,389,1083,1107]" italics="true" pageId="37" pageNumber="238">Proc. Linn. Soc. N.S.W.</emphasis>
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(ser. 1) 2 (1), 8. (
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<date id="48381021FFBF151BFDDDFBBF9BF38E73" box="[564,669,1083,1107]" pageId="37" pageNumber="238" value="1877-07">July 1877</date>
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).
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="749C656AFFBF151BFF7EFB059A118EBB" box="[151,895,1153,1180]" pageId="37" pageNumber="238" type="description">
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<paragraph id="3C3936E1FFBF151BFF7EFB059A118EBB" blockId="37.[151,895,1153,1180]" box="[151,895,1153,1180]" pageId="37" pageNumber="238">
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Description read at the
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<date id="48381021FFBF151BFE75FB059B058EBB" box="[412,619,1153,1180]" pageId="37" pageNumber="238" value="1877-01-29">29th January 1877</date>
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meeting of the LSNSW.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="749C656AFFBF151BFF7EFB4D9CFC8EC4" box="[151,1426,1225,1252]" pageId="37" pageNumber="238" type="reference_group">
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<paragraph id="3C3936E1FFBF151BFF7EFB4D9CFC8EC4" blockId="37.[151,1437,1225,2008]" box="[151,1426,1225,1252]" pageId="37" pageNumber="238">
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<emphasis id="0EF2EAF3FFBF151BFF7EFB4D98268EC3" bold="true" box="[151,328,1225,1251]" pageId="37" pageNumber="238">Current name.</emphasis>
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Large-eared Flying Fox
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<taxonomicName id="FB864D62FFBF151BFDB6FB4E9D3A8EC3" ID-CoL="5KRXZ" authority="(Ramsay, 1877)" baseAuthorityName="Ramsay" baseAuthorityYear="1877" box="[607,1108,1225,1251]" class="Mammalia" family="Pteropodidae" genus="Pteropus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="37" pageNumber="238" phylum="Chordata" rank="subSpecies" species="macrotis" subSpecies="epularius">
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<emphasis id="0EF2EAF3FFBF151BFDB6FB4E9AF28EC3" box="[607,924,1225,1251]" italics="true" pageId="37" pageNumber="238">Pteropus macrotis epularius</emphasis>
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(Ramsay, 1877)
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</taxonomicName>
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following
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<bibRefCitation id="58174B10FFBF151BFB26FB4D9CE08EC4" author="Simmons, N. B." box="[1231,1422,1225,1252]" pageId="37" pageNumber="238" pagination="312 - 529" refId="ref40341" refString="Simmons, N. B. (2005) Order Chiroptera. In: Wilson, D. E. & Reeder, D. M. (Eds.), Mammal Species of the World: A Taxonomic and Geographic Reference. Third Edition. The Johns Hopkins University Press, Baltimore, Maryland, pp. 312 - 529." type="book chapter" year="2005">Simmons (2005)</bibRefCitation>
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.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="749C656AFFBF151BFF2EFB699A1D8FB7" pageId="37" pageNumber="238" type="discussion">
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<paragraph id="3C3936E1FFBF151BFF2EFB699A1D8FB7" blockId="37.[151,1437,1225,2008]" pageId="37" pageNumber="238">
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<emphasis id="0EF2EAF3FFBF151BFF2EFB6998F58F27" bold="true" box="[199,411,1261,1287]" pageId="37" pageNumber="238">Taxonomic status.</emphasis>
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Recognised as a subspecies of
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<taxonomicName id="FB864D62FFBF151BFD00FB6A9A808F27" authority="Peters, 1867" authorityName="Peters" authorityYear="1867" box="[745,1006,1261,1288]" class="Mammalia" family="Pteropodidae" genus="Pteropus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="37" pageNumber="238" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="macrotis">
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<emphasis id="0EF2EAF3FFBF151BFD00FB6A9A0C8F27" box="[745,866,1262,1287]" italics="true" pageId="37" pageNumber="238">P.macrotis</emphasis>
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||
<bibRefCitation id="58174B10FFBF151BFC8FFB6A9A808F27" author="Peters, W." box="[870,1006,1261,1288]" pageId="37" pageNumber="238" pagination="319 - 333" refId="ref38963" refString="Peters, W. (1867) Uber die Flederhunde, Pteropi, und insbesondere uber die Arten der Gattung Pteropus. Monatsberichte der Koniglich Preussischen Akademie der Wissenschaften zu Berlin, 1867, 319 - 333." type="journal article" year="1867">Peters, 1867</bibRefCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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by all recent authors.Most taxonomists treated
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<emphasis id="0EF2EAF3FFBF151BFF02FA95983B8F0B" box="[235,341,1297,1323]" italics="true" pageId="37" pageNumber="238">epularius</emphasis>
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as a species prior to
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<bibRefCitation id="58174B10FFBF151BFDADFA959A5C8F0C" author="Laurie, E. M. O. & Hill, J. E." box="[580,818,1297,1324]" pageId="37" pageNumber="238" refId="ref37194" refString="Laurie, E. M. O. & Hill, J. E. (1954) List of Land Mammals of New Guinea, Celebes and adjacent Islands 1758 - 1952. British Museum Trustees, London, 175 pp., 3 pls. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. title. 112425" type="book" year="1954">Laurie & Hill (1954)</bibRefCitation>
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, who listed it as a subspecies of
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<taxonomicName id="FB864D62FFBF151BFB4DFA969C4F8F0B" authorityName="Peters" authorityYear="1867" box="[1188,1313,1298,1323]" class="Mammalia" family="Pteropodidae" genus="Pteropus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="37" pageNumber="238" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="macrotis">
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<emphasis id="0EF2EAF3FFBF151BFB4DFA969C4F8F0B" box="[1188,1313,1298,1323]" italics="true" pageId="37" pageNumber="238">P. macrotis</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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. However, the taxonomic distinction between
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<emphasis id="0EF2EAF3FFBF151BFDCCFAB19BE18F6F" box="[549,655,1333,1359]" italics="true" pageId="37" pageNumber="238">epularius</emphasis>
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and
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<taxonomicName id="FB864D62FFBF151BFD21FAB29A478F6F" authorityName="Peters" authorityYear="1867" box="[712,809,1334,1359]" class="Mammalia" family="Pteropodidae" genus="Pteropus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="37" pageNumber="238" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="macrotis">
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<emphasis id="0EF2EAF3FFBF151BFD21FAB29A478F6F" box="[712,809,1334,1359]" italics="true" pageId="37" pageNumber="238">macrotis</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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has not been examined in detail since the authoritative treatment by
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<bibRefCitation id="58174B10FFBF151BFEC5FADD98808F53" author="Andersen, K." box="[300,494,1369,1395]" pageId="37" pageNumber="238" refId="ref34350" refString="Andersen, K. (1912) Catalogue of the Chiroptera in the Collection of the British Museum. Vol. 1. Megachiroptera. 2 nd Edition. British Museum (Natural History), London, ci + 854 pp. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. title. 8322" type="book" year="1912">Andersen (1912)</bibRefCitation>
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. Andersen’s conviction that
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<emphasis id="0EF2EAF3FFBF151BFCD8FADD9AF58F53" box="[817,923,1369,1395]" italics="true" pageId="37" pageNumber="238">epularius</emphasis>
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was a species distinct from
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<taxonomicName id="FB864D62FFBF151BFB36FADE9C2E8F53" authorityName="Peters" authorityYear="1867" box="[1247,1344,1370,1395]" class="Mammalia" family="Pteropodidae" genus="Pteropus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="37" pageNumber="238" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="macrotis">
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<emphasis id="0EF2EAF3FFBF151BFB36FADE9C2E8F53" box="[1247,1344,1370,1395]" italics="true" pageId="37" pageNumber="238">macrotis</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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, known only from the Aru Islands, should be tested using genetic criteria.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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||
<subSubSection id="749C656AFFBF151BFF2EFA259D208C6B" pageId="37" pageNumber="238" type="materials_examined">
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||
<paragraph id="3C3936E1FFBF151BFF2EFA259C308C08" blockId="37.[151,1437,1225,2008]" pageId="37" pageNumber="238">
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||
<emphasis id="0EF2EAF3FFBF151BFF2EFA2598548F9B" bold="true" box="[199,314,1441,1467]" pageId="37" pageNumber="238">
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||
<typeStatus id="E33D8843FFBF151BFF2EFA25985A8F9B" box="[199,308,1441,1467]" pageId="37" pageNumber="238" type="syntype">Syntypes</typeStatus>
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.
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</emphasis>
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Four study skins. M.233, male, skin, skull
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<emphasis id="0EF2EAF3FFBF151BFCC7FA269A1A8F9B" box="[814,884,1442,1467]" italics="true" pageId="37" pageNumber="238">in situ</emphasis>
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, “Katow”. M. 234, indeterminate sex, skin with skull apparently
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<emphasis id="0EF2EAF3FFBF151BFEBCFA4298F28FFF" box="[341,412,1478,1503]" italics="true" pageId="37" pageNumber="238">in situ</emphasis>
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(unless a plaster cast), “Katow”. M.235, male, skin (
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<figureCitation id="A4BD2A64FFBF151BFC14FA419D3E8FC0" box="[1021,1104,1477,1504]" captionStart="FIGURE 15" captionStartId="38.[151,250,1903,1927]" captionTargetBox="[168,1423,715,1858]" captionTargetId="figure-264@38.[151,1435,705,1880]" captionTargetPageId="38" captionText="FIGURE 15. Study skin of M.235 male, syntype of Pteropus (Epomops?) epularius Ramsay, 1877a [= Pteropus macrotis epularius]. Scale bar = 2 cm. (© Chau Chak Wing Museum, photo Stuart Humphreys 2016)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4806962" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4806962/files/figure.png" pageId="37" pageNumber="238">Fig. 15</figureCitation>
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) with skull
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<emphasis id="0EF2EAF3FFBF151BFB32FA429C4C8FFF" box="[1243,1314,1478,1503]" italics="true" pageId="37" pageNumber="238">in situ</emphasis>
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, “Katow”,
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<emphasis id="0EF2EAF3FFBF151BFF7EFA6D999E8C23" box="[151,240,1513,1539]" italics="true" pageId="37" pageNumber="238">Chevert</emphasis>
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expedition. Original tag written by Ramsay states “
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<taxonomicName id="FB864D62FFBF151BFCDCFA6D9D598C23" box="[821,1079,1513,1539]" class="Mammalia" family="Pteropodidae" genus="Pteropus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="37" pageNumber="238" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="epomopoides">Pteropus epomopoides</taxonomicName>
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Type of
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<specimenCount id="2A80FD68FFBF151BFB75FA6E9DDF8C24" box="[1180,1201,1514,1540]" pageId="37" pageNumber="238" type="male">♂</specimenCount>
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Katow” with initials EPR (= E.P. Ramsay). M.236, female skin, “Katow”, either the canines are missing, or the skull is not
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<emphasis id="0EF2EAF3FFBF151BFAFBF98A9C388C07" box="[1298,1366,1550,1575]" italics="true" pageId="37" pageNumber="238">in situ</emphasis>
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.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="3C3936E1FFBF151BFF2EF9B59D208C6B" blockId="37.[151,1437,1225,2008]" box="[199,1102,1585,1612]" pageId="37" pageNumber="238">
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<emphasis id="0EF2EAF3FFBF151BFF2EF9B5980E8C6B" bold="true" box="[199,352,1585,1611]" pageId="37" pageNumber="238">Type locality</emphasis>
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. Katow (Ramsay) = Katau, Western Province,
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<collectingCountry id="44917671FFBF151BFC87F9B69D248C6B" box="[878,1098,1585,1612]" name="Papua New Guinea" pageId="37" pageNumber="238">Papua New Guinea</collectingCountry>
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.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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||
<subSubSection id="749C656AFFBF1519FF2EF9D19CFD8B61" lastPageId="39" lastPageNumber="240" pageId="37" pageNumber="238" type="discussion">
|
||
<paragraph id="3C3936E1FFBF151BFF2EF9D19A858D93" blockId="37.[151,1437,1225,2008]" pageId="37" pageNumber="238">
|
||
<emphasis id="0EF2EAF3FFBF151BFF2EF9D198218C4F" bold="true" box="[199,335,1621,1647]" pageId="37" pageNumber="238">Comments.</emphasis>
|
||
Ramsay did not indicate the number of specimens used in his description, nor provide any indication that
|
||
<specimenCount id="2A80FD68FFBF151BFF21F9FE980C8CB3" box="[200,354,1657,1684]" pageId="37" pageNumber="238" type="generic">one specimen</specimenCount>
|
||
in particular was “the type”. He gave a detailed description and measurements for an adult male and adult female. It is clear that he examined at least one skull, for which he provided measurements and remarked that the base of the skull was cut away, as often done in 19th century skull preparation. Skull(s) examined by Ramsay have not been located in the Collection. At least two of the
|
||
<typeStatus id="E33D8843FFBF151BFC7DF9629A988D20" box="[916,1014,1766,1792]" pageId="37" pageNumber="238" type="syntype">syntypes</typeStatus>
|
||
listed above have the skull inside the skin. The only separate skull associated with any of these, a cranium with no mandible found mis-matched with M.234, is likely to be a sub-adult
|
||
<taxonomicName id="FB864D62FFBF151BFDE7F8AA9AB28D68" authority="Temminck, 1825" authorityName="Temminck" authorityYear="1825" box="[526,988,1837,1864]" class="Mammalia" family="Pteropodidae" genus="Pteropus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="37" pageNumber="238" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="poliocephalus">
|
||
<emphasis id="0EF2EAF3FFBF151BFDE7F8AA9A788D67" box="[526,790,1837,1863]" italics="true" pageId="37" pageNumber="238">Pteropus poliocephalus</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="58174B10FFBF151BFCF5F8A99AB28D68" author="Temminck, C. J." box="[796,988,1837,1864]" pageId="37" pageNumber="238" pagination="157 - 204" refId="ref40907" refString="Temminck, C. J. (1825) Vues generales sur l'ordre des cheiropteres. In: Temminck, C. J. (Ed.), (1824 - 1827), Monographies de Mammalogie, ou description de quelques genres de Mammiferes, dont les especes ont ete observees dans les differens Musees de l'Europe, & c. Tome 1. G. Dufour et E. D'Ocagne, Paris, pp. 157 - 204." type="book chapter" year="1825">Temminck, 1825</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. The unattached tag associated with this skull appears to have been written by Masters and has the symbol “ø”, probably signifying unsexed, and the species name “
|
||
<taxonomicName id="FB864D62FFBF151BFF0EF8F298888DAF" box="[231,486,1909,1935]" class="Mammalia" family="Pteropodidae" genus="Pteropus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="37" pageNumber="238" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="epomopoides">
|
||
<emphasis id="0EF2EAF3FFBF151BFF0EF8F298888DAF" box="[231,486,1909,1935]" italics="true" pageId="37" pageNumber="238">Pteropus epomopoides</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
” written on the tag in old writing by an unidentified author. The tag might have been attached to skin M.234 but as it is a loose tag, its original association is lost.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="3C3936E1FFBF1518FF2EF8399A6B8BF1" blockId="37.[151,1437,1225,2008]" lastBlockId="38.[151,1436,151,681]" lastPageId="38" lastPageNumber="239" pageId="37" pageNumber="238">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="58174B10FFBF151BFF2EF83998E78DF7" author="Andersen, K." box="[199,393,1981,2007]" pageId="37" pageNumber="238" refId="ref34350" refString="Andersen, K. (1912) Catalogue of the Chiroptera in the Collection of the British Museum. Vol. 1. Megachiroptera. 2 nd Edition. British Museum (Natural History), London, ci + 854 pp. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. title. 8322" type="book" year="1912">Andersen (1912)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
concluded that the type series consisted of
|
||
<specimenCount id="2A80FD68FFBF151BFC7DF8399D2D8DF7" box="[916,1091,1981,2007]" pageId="37" pageNumber="238" type="generic">four specimens</specimenCount>
|
||
collected by George Masters from Katow, which Andersen mistakenly thought were in the AM. Andersen probably inferred the number of type specimens from Ramsay’s statement that all four of the specimens examined had eye orbits that were not enclosed by bone. Ramsay’s ambiguous statement could mean that he had examined only four skulls, but he could have examined additional specimens with the skull
|
||
<emphasis id="0EF2EAF3FFBC1518FD75FE879B8E8B3C" box="[668,736,259,284]" italics="true" pageId="38" pageNumber="239">in situ</emphasis>
|
||
. At least two of the
|
||
<typeStatus id="E33D8843FFBC1518FC2BFE879D4A8B3D" box="[962,1060,259,285]" pageId="38" pageNumber="239" type="syntype">syntypes</typeStatus>
|
||
listed above have the skull inside the skin. The only other documentation of the type series that we have found is
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="58174B10FFBC1518FBCFFEA39D8E8B62" author="Stanbury, P. J." box="[1062,1248,295,322]" pageId="38" pageNumber="239" pagination="462 - 463" refId="ref40404" refString="Stanbury, P. J. (1969) Type specimens in the Macleay Museum, University of Sydney. IV. Mammals. Proceedings of the Linnean Society of New South Wales, 93 (3), 462 - 463." type="journal article" year="1969">Stanbury (1969)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, who mentioned only
|
||
<specimenCount id="2A80FD68FFBC1518FF3AFECF981E8B45" box="[211,368,331,357]" pageId="38" pageNumber="239" type="generic">one specimen</specimenCount>
|
||
(M.235), as a “?
|
||
<typeStatus id="E33D8843FFBC1518FDDDFECF9BF08B45" box="[564,670,331,357]" pageId="38" pageNumber="239" type="paratype">paratype</typeStatus>
|
||
”. It seems that the taxonomic literature has drawn from Ramsay’s account without examining the
|
||
<typeStatus id="E33D8843FFBC1518FDE9FEEB9B088BA9" box="[512,614,367,393]" pageId="38" pageNumber="239" type="syntype">syntypes</typeStatus>
|
||
. One of the few Northern Hemisphere taxonomists to visit the MAMU, G.H.H. Tate, presumably did not examine the type series, which are not mentioned in his paper on poorly known type specimens (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="58174B10FFBC1518FEB8FE3398AD8BF1" author="Tate, G. H. H." box="[337,451,439,465]" pageId="38" pageNumber="239" pagination="1 - 10" refId="ref40535" refString="Tate, G. H. H. (1940) Notes on the types of certain early described species of monotremes, marsupials, Muridae, and bats from the Indo-Australian region. American Museum Novitates, 1061, 1 - 10." type="journal article" year="1940">Tate 1940</bibRefCitation>
|
||
) or pteropodids (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="58174B10FFBC1518FD6AFE339B968BF1" author="Tate, G. H. H." box="[643,760,439,465]" pageId="38" pageNumber="239" pagination="331 - 347" refId="ref40579" refString="Tate, G. H. H. (1942) Results of the Archbold Expeditions. No. 48. Pteropodidae (Chiroptera) of the Archbold Collections. Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History, 80 (9), 331 - 347." type="journal article" year="1942">Tate 1942</bibRefCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="3C3936E1FFBC1518FF2EFE5F981E8889" blockId="38.[151,1436,151,681]" pageId="38" pageNumber="239">
|
||
External measurements of M.236 are consistent with those provided for the only female mentioned in Ramsay’s description, i.e. the measurements do not differ sufficiently to enable a definite exclusion of that specimen. Forearm length is difficult to measure on the
|
||
<typeStatus id="E33D8843FFBC1518FDDBFDA79BFA881D" box="[562,660,547,573]" pageId="38" pageNumber="239" type="syntype">syntypes</typeStatus>
|
||
because the wing membrane has been wrapped around the proximal end of the forearm during taxidermy preparation. Consequently, forearm lengths for three that can be accurately measured are slight overestimates: M.233, right forearm
|
||
<quantity id="FB7E9B04FFBC1518FCCDFDEF9AF588A5" box="[804,923,619,645]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.3219999999999998" pageId="38" pageNumber="239" unit="mm" value="132.2">132.2 mm</quantity>
|
||
; M.234, right forearm 133.1 and M.236, left forearm 141.0 mm.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption id="68F96669FFBC1518FF7EF8EB9D2F8D8B" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4806962" ID-Zenodo-Dep="4806962" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4806962/files/figure.png" pageId="38" pageNumber="239" startId="38.[151,250,1903,1927]" targetBox="[168,1423,715,1858]" targetPageId="38">
|
||
<paragraph id="3C3936E1FFBC1518FF7EF8EB9D2F8D8B" blockId="38.[151,1437,1903,1966]" pageId="38" pageNumber="239">
|
||
<emphasis id="0EF2EAF3FFBC1518FF7EF8EB984D8DA7" bold="true" box="[151,291,1903,1927]" pageId="38" pageNumber="239">FIGURE 15.</emphasis>
|
||
Study skin of M.235 male, syntype of
|
||
<emphasis id="0EF2EAF3FFBC1518FD2EF8F49D7E8DA7" box="[711,1040,1903,1927]" italics="true" pageId="38" pageNumber="239">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="FB864D62FFBC1518FD2EF8F49A4C8DA7" box="[711,802,1904,1927]" class="Mammalia" family="Pteropodidae" genus="Pteropus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="38" pageNumber="239" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">Pteropus</taxonomicName>
|
||
(
|
||
<taxonomicName id="FB864D62FFBC1518FCDAF8F49AF88DA7" box="[819,918,1904,1927]" class="Mammalia" family="Pteropodidae" genus="Epomops" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="38" pageNumber="239" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">Epomops</taxonomicName>
|
||
?) epularius
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="58174B10FFBC1518FBF0F8F49DD98DA8" author="Ramsay, E. P." box="[1049,1207,1904,1928]" pageId="38" pageNumber="239" pagination="7 - 15" refId="ref39433" refString="Ramsay, E. P. (1877 a) Zoology of the " Chevert ". Mammals. Part 1. Proceedings of the Linnean Society of New South Wales, Series 1, 2 (1), 7 - 15." type="journal article" year="1877">Ramsay, 1877a</bibRefCitation>
|
||
[=
|
||
<taxonomicName id="FB864D62FFBC1518FB08F8F499998D8B" baseAuthorityName="Ramsay" baseAuthorityYear="1877" class="Mammalia" family="Pteropodidae" genus="Pteropus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="38" pageNumber="239" phylum="Chordata" rank="subSpecies" species="macrotis" subSpecies="epularius">
|
||
<emphasis id="0EF2EAF3FFBC1518FB08F8F499998D8B" italics="true" pageId="38" pageNumber="239">Pteropus macrotis epularius</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
]. Scale bar = 2 cm. (© Chau Chak Wing Museum, photo Stuart Humphreys 2016).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph id="3C3936E1FFBD1519FF2EFF139CFD8B61" blockId="39.[151,1437,151,321]" pageId="39" pageNumber="240">
|
||
The name
|
||
<taxonomicName id="FB864D62FFBD1519FED7FF139B508A91" box="[318,574,151,177]" class="Mammalia" family="Pteropodidae" genus="Pteropus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="39" pageNumber="240" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="epomopoides">
|
||
<emphasis id="0EF2EAF3FFBD1519FED7FF139B508A91" box="[318,574,151,177]" italics="true" pageId="39" pageNumber="240">Pteropus epomopoides</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is written in ink on old paper tags associated with several
|
||
<typeStatus id="E33D8843FFBD1519FB3AFF139C578A91" box="[1235,1337,151,177]" pageId="39" pageNumber="240" type="syntype">syntypes</typeStatus>
|
||
. Perhaps this name was initially considered before Ramsay settled for
|
||
<emphasis id="0EF2EAF3FFBD1519FCBDFF3F9AD08AF5" box="[852,958,187,213]" italics="true" pageId="39" pageNumber="240">epularius</emphasis>
|
||
. We have not located
|
||
<taxonomicName id="FB864D62FFBD1519FB56FF3F9C3D8AF5" box="[1215,1363,187,213]" class="Mammalia" family="Pteropodidae" genus="Pteropus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="39" pageNumber="240" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="epomopoides">
|
||
<emphasis id="0EF2EAF3FFBD1519FB56FF3F9C3D8AF5" box="[1215,1363,187,213]" italics="true" pageId="39" pageNumber="240">epomopoides</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
in the taxonomic literature nor have we encountered that name in unpublished documentation or archival documents other than these specimen tags. In publishing this name, apparently for the first time, we are not introducing a new synonym because a name cannot be established solely from a binomial written on a label (Article 12.3, the
|
||
<emphasis id="0EF2EAF3FFBD1519FAA1FEA39CED8B61" box="[1352,1411,295,321]" italics="true" pageId="39" pageNumber="240">Code</emphasis>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |