213 lines
23 KiB
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213 lines
23 KiB
XML
<document ID-DOI="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.348.5449" ID-GBIF-Dataset="f537b1e0-b388-4d33-8889-8234d90fd652" ID-PMC="PMC3837408" ID-Pensoft-Pub="1313-2970-348-1" ID-PubMed="24294071" ID-ZBK="11308C785C334B20B1C62BC4EDC52893" ModsDocAuthor="" ModsDocDate="2013" ModsDocID="1313-2970-348-1" ModsDocOrigin="ZooKeys 348" ModsDocTitle="Six new deep-water sternaspid species (Annelida, Sternaspidae) from the Pacific Ocean" checkinTime="1451246706903" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Salazar-Vallejo, Sergio I. & Buzhinskaja, Galina" docDate="2013" docId="B3C5099FFC008B0D1E515C8BC1FBE483" docLanguage="en" docName="ZooKeys 348: 1-27" docOrigin="ZooKeys 348" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.348.5449" docTitle="Sternaspis uschakovi Salazar-Vallejo & Buzhinskaja, 2013, sp. n." docType="treatment" docUuid="493904C2-D6D2-47FC-95D0-0A0A2221218D" docUuidSource="ZooBank" docVersion="4" lastPageNumber="18" masterDocId="FFA0137DF108FF839924FF97FFE6FFDF" masterDocTitle="Six new deep-water sternaspid species (Annelida, Sternaspidae) from the Pacific Ocean" masterLastPageNumber="27" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="15" updateTime="1668156802118" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:mods xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>Six new deep-water sternaspid species (Annelida, Sternaspidae) from the Pacific Ocean</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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<mods:namePart>Salazar-Vallejo, Sergio I.</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Buzhinskaja, Galina</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:typeOfResource>text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:title>ZooKeys</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:part>
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<mods:date>2013</mods:date>
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<mods:detail type="volume">
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<mods:number>348</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:extent unit="page">
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<mods:start>1</mods:start>
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<mods:end>27</mods:end>
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<mods:url>http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.348.5449</mods:url>
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</mods:location>
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<mods:classification>journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier type="DOI">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.348.5449</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="Pensoft-Pub">1313-2970-348-1</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="ZBK">11308C785C334B20B1C62BC4EDC52893</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="ZooBank">11308C785C334B20B1C62BC4EDC52893</mods:identifier>
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</mods:mods>
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<treatment ID-GBIF-Taxon="152049398" LSID="urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:493904C2-D6D2-47FC-95D0-0A0A2221218D" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/B3C5099FFC008B0D1E515C8BC1FBE483" lastPageId="17" lastPageNumber="18" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">
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<subSubSection pageId="14" pageNumber="15" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph pageId="14" pageNumber="15">
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<taxonomicName LSID="http://zoobank.org/493904C2-D6D2-47FC-95D0-0A0A2221218D" class="Polychaeta" family="Sternaspidae" genus="Sternaspis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Sternaspis uschakovi" order="Terebellida" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="uschakovi">
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<pageBreakToken pageId="14" pageNumber="15" start="start">Sternaspis</pageBreakToken>
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uschakovi
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</taxonomicName>
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<taxonomicNameLabel pageId="14" pageNumber="15">sp. n.</taxonomicNameLabel>
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Figures 7, 8
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="14" pageNumber="15" type="reference_group">
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<paragraph pageId="14" pageNumber="15">
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<taxonomicName class="Polychaeta" family="Sternaspidae" genus="Sternaspis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Sternaspis scutata" order="Terebellida" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="scutata">Sternaspis scutata</taxonomicName>
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:
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<bibRefCitation author="Uschakov, PV" journalOrPublisher="Issledovaniya Dal'nevostochnykh Morei SSSR" pageId="25" pageNumber="26" pagination="140 - 233" title="Mnogoshchetinkvovye chervi (Polychaeta) Okhotskogo Morya." volume="2" year="1950">Uschakov 1950</bibRefCitation>
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: 215,
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<bibRefCitation author="Uschakov, PV" journalOrPublisher="Izdatel'stvo Akademii Nauk SSSR, Moskva" pageId="25" pageNumber="26" title="Fauna Okhotskogo Morya i Usloviya ee Sushchestvovaniya." year="1953">1953</bibRefCitation>
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: 154 (distr., non
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<bibRefCitation author="Ranzani, C" journalOrPublisher="Opuscoli scientifica" pageId="25" pageNumber="26" title="Descrizione di una nuova specie del genere Thalassema." volume="2" year="1817">Ranzani 1817</bibRefCitation>
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, partim).
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="14" pageNumber="15">
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<taxonomicName class="Polychaeta" family="Sternaspidae" genus="Sternaspis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Sternaspis fossor" order="Terebellida" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="fossor">Sternaspis fossor</taxonomicName>
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:
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<bibRefCitation author="Fauchald, K" journalOrPublisher="Allan Hancock Monographs in Marine Biology" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" pagination="1 - 575" title="Benthic polychaetous annelids from deep waters off Western Mexico and adjacent areas in the Eastern Pacific Ocean." volume="7" year="1972">Fauchald 1972</bibRefCitation>
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: 238-239 (partim, non
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<bibRefCitation author="Stimpson, W" journalOrPublisher="Smithsonian Contributions to Knowledge" pageId="25" pageNumber="26" pagination="5 - 67" title="Synopsis of the marine Invertebrata of Grand Manan: or the region about the mouth of the Bay of Fundy." volume="6" year="1853">Stimpson 1853</bibRefCitation>
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);
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<bibRefCitation author="Mendez, N" journalOrPublisher="Scientia Marina" pageId="25" pageNumber="26" pagination="605 - 622" title="Relationships between deep-water polychaete fauna and environmental factors in the southeastern Gulf of California, Mexico." volume="71" year="2007">
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<normalizedToken originalValue="Méndez">Mendez</normalizedToken>
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2007
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</bibRefCitation>
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: 609, 613-616 (lists) (partim, non
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<bibRefCitation author="Stimpson, W" journalOrPublisher="Smithsonian Contributions to Knowledge" pageId="25" pageNumber="26" pagination="5 - 67" title="Synopsis of the marine Invertebrata of Grand Manan: or the region about the mouth of the Bay of Fundy." volume="6" year="1853">Stimpson 1853</bibRefCitation>
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).
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="14" pageNumber="15" type="type material">
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<paragraph pageId="14" pageNumber="15">Type material.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="14" pageNumber="15">
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Northwestern Pacific Ocean. Holotype (ZIRAS 50604) and 15 paratypes (ZIRAS 50605), Okhotsk Sea, R.V. Gagara, Sta. 251 (
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<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="925" value="55.216667">55°13'N</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="925" value="146.86667">146°52'E</geoCoordinate>
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), 592 m, 12 Sep. 1932 (four complete paratypes exposing their introvert 5-8 mm long, 4.0-5.5 mm wide, abdomen 3.5-5.0 mm long, left ventro-caudal shield plate 1.0-1.6 mm long, 1.5-2.0 mm wide).
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection lastPageId="15" lastPageNumber="16" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" type="additional material">
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<paragraph pageId="14" pageNumber="15">Additional material.</paragraph>
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<paragraph lastPageId="15" lastPageNumber="16" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">
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Northwestern Pacific Ocean. 12 specimens (ZIRAS 50606) Okhotsk Sea, R.V. Gagara, Sta. 215 (
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<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="925" value="49.416668">49°25'N</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="925" value="152.0">152°00'E</geoCoordinate>
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), 1366 m, 8 Aug. 1932 (10 specimens with exposed introvert 10.0-13.0 mm long,4.0 mm wide (waist), abdomen 4.0-5.5 mm long, left ventro-caudal shield plate 2.0-2.5 mm long, 2.0-2.8 mm wide). Three specimens (ZIRAS 50607) juveniles, Okhotsk Sea, R.V. Gagara, Sta. 214 (
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<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="925" value="49.383335">49°23'N</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="925" value="148.76666">148°46'E</geoCoordinate>
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), 1076 m, 6 Aug. 1932 (juveniles with a very thin shield; abdomen 4.5 mm long, one with introvert partially exposed 7 mm long). Northeastern Pacific Ocean. Oregon. Three specimens (CAS 149923) previously dried out, BMT-554 (
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<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="92" value="47.831665">47°49.9'N</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="92" value="-127.04833">127°2.9'W</geoCoordinate>
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), 2510 m, 8 Sep. 1971, A. Carey, coll. (8.0-10.5 mm long, 3-5 mm wide; left shield plate 2.2-2.5 mm long, 2.9-3.0 mm wide). California. Nine specimens (SIORAS 4214), R.V. Vityaz, Cruise 29, Sta. 4214 (
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<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="92" value="35.025">35°01.5'N</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="92" value="-121.708336">121°42.5'W</geoCoordinate>
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), 1585 m, 6 Dec. 1958 (best preserved specimen 12 mm long, 3.4 mm wide (waist), abdomen 8.6 mm long). Gulf of California. One specimen (UNAM 7879), introvert broken, off Ensenada del
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<normalizedToken originalValue="Pabellón">Pabellon</normalizedToken>
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, Sinaloa, RV El Puma, Cruise Talud IV, Sta. 19 (
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<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="15" value="24.255">24°15'18"N</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="15" value="-108.401665">108°24'06"W</geoCoordinate>
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), 1245 m, 25 Aug. 2000 (5 mm long, abdomen 2.8 mm wide; ventro-caudal shield reddish, bent dorsally, wider than abdomen; fan projected medially, posterior margin dentate, last lateral chaetal bundles about 3 mm long). One specimen (UNAM 7880), introvert broken, RV El Puma, Cruise Talud IV, Sta. 26 (
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<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="15" value="24.939999">24°56'24"N</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="15" value="-109.09334">109°05'36"W</geoCoordinate>
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), 1200-1274 m, 26 Aug. 2000 (5.5 mm long, abdomen 2 mm wide; ventro-caudal shield broken, reddish, bent dorsally, wider than abdomen; fan projected medially, posterior margin dentate; last lateral chaetal bundles about 3 mm long). Three specimens (UNAM 7884), two complete, introvert exposed; off Lechugilla Island, Sinaloa, RV El Puma, Cruise Talud IV, Sta. 34 (
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<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="15" value="25.730556">25°43'50"N</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="15" value="-109.89972">109°53'59"W</geoCoordinate>
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), 1240-1270 m, 17 Mar. 2001 (6.3-11.0 mm long, abdomen 3.0-4.5 mm wide; ventro-caudal shield reddish, bent dorsally, wider than abdomen in one specimen; fan projected medially, posterior margin dentate; last lateral chaetal bundles about 3.5 mm long). Western Mexico. Eight specimens (LACM 5347), juveniles, most with introvert invaginated or damaged, some with body wall broken, S off Cabo Corrientes, Jalisco, R.V. Velero IV, Sta. 13755 (19°51'30"N,
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<pageBreakToken pageId="15" pageNumber="16" start="start">105</pageBreakToken>
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°50'00"W), 2548 m, mud, Campbell grab, 18 Jan. 1970 (4.0-5.0 mm long, 2.0 mm wide; left shield plate 0.8-1.3 mm long, 1.5-1.8 mm wide).
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection lastPageId="16" lastPageNumber="17" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" type="description">
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<paragraph pageId="15" pageNumber="16">Description.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="15" pageNumber="16">Holotype (ZIRAS 50604) with body anteriorly swollen, slightly darker than posterior region; introvert fully exposed, pale, abdomen creamy (Fig. 7A), ventro-caudal shield dirty reddish, with orange central areas (Fig. 7B, D). Body 14 mm long, 5 mm wide (mid body constriction), abdomen 9 mm long, left ventro-caudal shield plate 2.2 mm long, 2.7 mm wide. Introvert mostly smooth, barely papillose, abdomen papillae mostly eroded, some retained in folds or around branchial region.</paragraph>
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<caption pageId="15" pageNumber="16">
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<paragraph pageId="15" pageNumber="16">
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Figure 7.
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<taxonomicName class="Polychaeta" family="Sternaspidae" genus="Sternaspis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Sternaspis uschakovi" order="Terebellida" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="uschakovi">Sternaspis uschakovi</taxonomicName>
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sp. n. A Holotype (ZIRAS 50604), lateral view B Oblique ventral view C Anterior end, frontal view D Ventro-caudal shield, frontal view
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<normalizedToken originalValue="E–F">E-F</normalizedToken>
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Paratypes, ventro-caudal shields, frontal view G Non-type specimen (ZIRAS 50606), ventro-caudal shield, frontal view. Bars: A 1.7 mm B 1.2 C 0.8 mm D 1.5 mm E 0.5 mm F 0.9 mm G 1.2 mm.
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</paragraph>
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</caption>
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<paragraph pageId="15" pageNumber="16">Prostomium hemispherical (Fig. 7C); projected, with same pigmentation as introvert. Eyespots not seen. Peristomium round with abundant papillae restricted to peripheral areas around the mouth, barely reaching margin of first chaetiger.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="15" pageNumber="16">Introvert chaetigers with 9-11 golden, barely falcate hooks, each with subdistal dark areas but tips mostly eroded (Fig. 7C). Genital papillae small, thin, blunt, with same pigmentation than introvert, in intersegmental groove between segments 7 and 8.</paragraph>
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<paragraph lastPageId="16" lastPageNumber="17" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">
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Anterior abdomen with 7 segments, lateral lobes well-defined by contraction, dorsal area bare, converging posteriorly, ventral area bare, more or less parallel; papil
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<pageBreakToken pageId="16" pageNumber="17" start="start">lae</pageBreakToken>
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mostly eroded, some remaining in branchial region, but not arranged in series or groups. Capillaries not seen.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="16" pageNumber="17">Ventro-caudal shield with lateral plates slightly bent dorsally, making them look quadrate in frontal view (Fig. 7D) but each plate wider than long (Fig. 7B); suture visible throughout shield. Ribs barely developed, concentric lines poorly developed but present. Anterior margins barely rounded, midventral depression shallow. Lateral margins gently rounded, expanded posteriorly. Fan projected medially beyond posterior corners, margin denticulate.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="16" pageNumber="17">Marginal chaetal fascicles mostly broken off (Fig. 7A, B, D), 9 lateral ones with chaetae along an oblique series, and 6 posterior fascicles with chaetae in linear arrangement. Peg chaetae not visible (some paratypes have them).</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="16" pageNumber="17">Branchiae still attached, abundant, spirally bent filaments; interbranchial papillae long, spirally bent, with fine sediment particles. Branchial plates observed in some paratypes, wide, progressively wider towards anterior margin, with 7-8 filaments per series.</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection lastPageId="17" lastPageNumber="18" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" type="etymology">
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<paragraph pageId="16" pageNumber="17">Etymology.</paragraph>
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<paragraph lastPageId="17" lastPageNumber="18" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">
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This species is being named after the late Dr. Pavel V. Uschakov as a modest homage to his monographic publications, especially those regarding the Okhotsk
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<pageBreakToken pageId="17" pageNumber="18" start="start">Sea</pageBreakToken>
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fauna, and by his other numerous publications on polychaetes. The epithet is a noun in the genitive case.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="17" pageNumber="18" type="variation">
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<paragraph pageId="17" pageNumber="18">Variation.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="17" pageNumber="18">
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The introvert is markedly swollen, like in the holotype, in one paratype and in some non-type specimens. Introvert chaetigers with 9-10 hooks per bundle. The ventro-caudal shield is dirty orange to pale brick red, ribs and concentric lines are always visible but variably developed; anterior margins rounded to barely acute (Fig. 7
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<normalizedToken originalValue="E–G">E-G</normalizedToken>
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); fan markedly projected medially, with shallow lateral notches, margin denticulate rarely reaching the level of the posterior corners. The inner margins of each lateral shield plate are fused along most of its length. The shield chaetal bundles are difficult to count but there are 9 lateral and 7 posterior bundles in better preserved paratypes. On the other hand, the specimens from the Northeastern Pacific have bodies with larger, more abundant papillae (Fig. 8A), and they are also evident in the mouth region (Fig. 8B); the ventro-caudal shield (Fig. 8C), however, is very similar to the specimens from the Northwestern Pacific. We regard the apparent difference in integument papillation as a result of different sampling and sorting procedures and not as a significant, diagnostic difference. Therefore, we conclude they are conspecifics.
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</paragraph>
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<caption pageId="17" pageNumber="18">
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<paragraph pageId="17" pageNumber="18">
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Figure 8.
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<taxonomicName class="Polychaeta" family="Sternaspidae" genus="Sternaspis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Sternaspis uschakovi" order="Terebellida" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="uschakovi">Sternaspis uschakovi</taxonomicName>
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sp. n., specimen from off Central California, U.S.A. (SIORAS 4214) A Frontal view, body ventrally bent B Anterior end, frontal view C Ventro-caudal shield, frontal view. Bars: A 1 mm B 0.5 mm C 0.6 mm.
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</paragraph>
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</caption>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="17" pageNumber="18" type="remarks">
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<paragraph pageId="17" pageNumber="18">Remarks.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="17" pageNumber="18">
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<taxonomicName class="Polychaeta" family="Sternaspidae" genus="Sternaspis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Sternaspis uschakovi" order="Terebellida" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="uschakovi">Sternaspis uschakovi</taxonomicName>
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sp. n. differs from other deep-sea
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<taxonomicName class="Polychaeta" family="Sternaspidae" genus="Sternaspis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Sternaspis" order="Terebellida" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" phylum="Annelida" rank="genus">Sternaspis</taxonomicName>
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species because its ventro-caudal shield is medially projected, but resembles two other species having a ventro-caudal shield with denticulated posterior margin:
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<taxonomicName class="Polychaeta" family="Sternaspidae" genus="Sternaspis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Sternaspis africana" order="Terebellida" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="africana">Sternaspis africana</taxonomicName>
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Augener, 1918, and
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<taxonomicName class="Polychaeta" family="Sternaspidae" genus="Sternaspis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Sternaspis andamanensis" order="Terebellida" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="andamanensis">Sternaspis andamanensis</taxonomicName>
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Sendall & Salazar-Vallejo, 2013. However, these two species have been found in shallow water (5-70 m), whereas
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<taxonomicName class="Polychaeta" family="Sternaspidae" genus="Sternaspis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Sternaspis uschakovi" order="Terebellida" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="uschakovi">Sternaspis uschakovi</taxonomicName>
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was found in water depths of 592-2548 m. There are two other differences when this new species is compared to the other two; first, the midventral depression is shallow in the new species, resembling
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<taxonomicName class="Polychaeta" family="Sternaspidae" genus="Sternaspis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Sternaspis africana" order="Terebellida" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="africana">Sternaspis africana</taxonomicName>
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, whereas it is deep in
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<taxonomicName class="Polychaeta" family="Sternaspidae" genus="Sternaspis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Sternaspis andamensis" order="Terebellida" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="andamensis">Sternaspis andamensis</taxonomicName>
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; and second, the fan posterior margin has two lateral deep notches in
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<taxonomicName class="Polychaeta" family="Sternaspidae" genus="Sternaspis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Sternaspis andamanensis" order="Terebellida" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="andamanensis">Sternaspis andamanensis</taxonomicName>
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whereas in
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<taxonomicName class="Polychaeta" family="Sternaspidae" genus="Sternaspis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Sternaspis uschakovi" order="Terebellida" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="uschakovi">Sternaspis uschakovi</taxonomicName>
|
||
and in
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Polychaeta" family="Sternaspidae" genus="Sternaspis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Sternaspis africana" order="Terebellida" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="africana">Sternaspis africana</taxonomicName>
|
||
the fan is not so markedly notched laterally. Further, as indicated in the key below,
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Polychaeta" family="Sternaspidae" genus="Sternaspis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Sternaspis uschakovi" order="Terebellida" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="uschakovi">Sternaspis uschakovi</taxonomicName>
|
||
is more similar to
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Polychaeta" family="Sternaspidae" genus="Sternaspis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Sternaspis andamanensis" order="Terebellida" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="andamanensis">Sternaspis andamanensis</taxonomicName>
|
||
but they can be easily separated because in
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Polychaeta" family="Sternaspidae" genus="Sternaspis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Sternaspis uschakovi" order="Terebellida" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="uschakovi">Sternaspis uschakovi</taxonomicName>
|
||
there are about 10 dark introvert hooks per bundle, whereas in
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Polychaeta" family="Sternaspidae" genus="Sternaspis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Sternaspis andamanensis" order="Terebellida" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="andamanensis">Sternaspis andamanensis</taxonomicName>
|
||
there are about 15 pale introvert hooks per bundle.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection pageId="17" pageNumber="18" type="distribution">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="17" pageNumber="18">Distribution.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="17" pageNumber="18">Okhotsk Sea in 592-1366 m, California in 1585 m, Gulf of California in 1200-1274 m, and off Western Mexico in 2548 m, in mud or muddy sands.</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |