168 lines
19 KiB
XML
168 lines
19 KiB
XML
<document id="F39FF87C26DB6817B134357680436ABF" ID-CLB-Dataset="222436" ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.5223.1.1" ID-GBIF-Dataset="f19c5754-1a7b-4f9e-bdd8-70cc4bf3d1e4" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="7517957" ID-ZooBank="2AF3B77E-408A-4104-A058-108101993EBC" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="existingObjects,plazi" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1673307560985" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Schiesari, Luis, Rossa-Feres, Denise De Cerqueira, Menin, Marcelo & Hödl, Walter" docDate="2022" docId="B31987BBFF8CFFA5E0D0549B8E52FAF5" docLanguage="en" docName="zootaxa.5223.1.1.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 5223 (1)" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5223.1.1" docStyle="DocumentStyle:5EBBA59367AD13919D70D935FA04F6A3.14:Zootaxa.2013-.monograph" docStyleId="5EBBA59367AD13919D70D935FA04F6A3" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2013-.monograph" docStyleVersion="14" docTitle="Sphaenorhynchus lacteus" docType="treatment" docVersion="7" lastPageNumber="79" masterDocId="4F20FFC3FFC1FFEBE047522D8D27FFDC" masterDocTitle="Tadpoles of Central Amazonia (Amphibia: Anura)" masterLastPageNumber="149" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="78" updateTime="1699473481772" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:titleInfo id="82671977208F389A6919AC6B4E79FE93">
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<mods:title id="3D6A013DA43EEACC2519CAF4964AFCCB">Tadpoles of Central Amazonia (Amphibia: Anura)</mods:title>
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<mods:name id="C36A18CF0EA01BB2079B659BCE5357C9" type="personal">
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<mods:namePart id="A4E643F2BD8504AA24459FC029FF9F6F">Schiesari, Luis</mods:namePart>
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<mods:nameIdentifier id="EA3D27AC141F06CF0FBC7658C4111024" type="ORCID">0000-0003-0814-591X</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:nameIdentifier id="3D75AA4682312FAC8332ACD03F7DA57C" type="email">lschiesa@usp.br</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:roleTerm id="B027D21EAD62D83D98C2E6E591D8D256">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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<mods:namePart id="EBC18E7D52FFE60D8C2EBCB7D104A81F">Rossa-Feres, Denise De Cerqueira</mods:namePart>
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<mods:nameIdentifier id="33C9F672693CF0A764962AD5D0F82D5E" type="ORCID">0000-0002-4537-9064</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:nameIdentifier id="92A00EF2C9EDA6FC42B5D157AD2F465F" type="email">denise.rossa-feres@unesp.br</mods:nameIdentifier>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name id="706DA789C20B39C288F839189B2E757A" type="personal">
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<mods:role id="6822C450CE8FF16E6B695CAE17FB2C52">
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<mods:roleTerm id="22493C83A2FD92B4CD728EA5EB810936">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart id="8E61A4547536DAA15070633DE4A7726E">Menin, Marcelo</mods:namePart>
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<mods:nameIdentifier id="69C911CDAA6896C0302A111B14FAB088" type="ORCID">0000-0002-7209-5083</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:roleTerm id="D80173FDAFFD30DD869273F8F386167C">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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<mods:namePart id="D7AE62581F857FE77306BA23A4B3CEA2">Hödl, Walter</mods:namePart>
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<mods:nameIdentifier id="E419867DD86B8D98D3E273B2D0D0EDD6" type="ORCID">0000-0003-0814-591X</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:nameIdentifier id="9041ECC228E55773C1732BBC723DEE95" type="email">lschiesa@usp.br</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:typeOfResource id="862BD5B56D13E31E42A5AA57D076929A">text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:title id="ED6740EBCD47E4CFDDD936B0013652D6">Zootaxa</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:part id="E9202749890B654DF62CF482C4B0A1CD">
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<mods:date id="850A636EAF4B94CA3A39CECA90D5FA02">2022</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="9D5777034FDEB15E094BB777D5852A59">2022-12-28</mods:number>
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<mods:number id="0C58D896BE62B349D4CE44A811C9CEF0">5223</mods:number>
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<mods:number id="4FE45051194DE2D83F26C863F5BAFF45">1</mods:number>
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<mods:url id="9E19D67330D4F65FADCF28DDD3B69405">http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5223.1.1</mods:url>
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<mods:classification id="5D0B93CE4394155C36A16ABB502BA1D2">journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier id="F991BE9FC173E75769C77025ECD4AD2E" type="ISSN">1175-5326</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="B31987BBFF8CFFA5E0D0549B8E52FAF5" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7518138" ID-GBIF-Taxon="208789599" ID-Zenodo-Dep="7518138" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:B31987BBFF8CFFA5E0D0549B8E52FAF5" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/B31987BBFF8CFFA5E0D0549B8E52FAF5" lastPageId="78" lastPageNumber="79" pageId="77" pageNumber="78">
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<subSubSection id="73AA6526FF8CFFA5E0D0549B8969FF25" lastPageId="78" lastPageNumber="79" pageId="77" pageNumber="78" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="3B0F36ADFF8CFFA6E0D0549B8CE6F90D" blockId="77.[151,1437,1718,2033]" box="[151,449,1718,1745]" pageId="77" pageNumber="78">
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<heading id="604781C1FF8CFFA6E0D0549B8CE6F90D" bold="true" box="[151,449,1718,1745]" fontSize="11" level="2" pageId="77" pageNumber="78" reason="4">
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<taxonomicName id="FCB04D2EFF8CFFA6E0D0549B8CE6F90D" ID-CoL="4YKZX" ID-ENA="279984" baseAuthorityName="Daudin" baseAuthorityYear="1800" box="[151,449,1718,1745]" class="Amphibia" family="Hylidae" genus="Sphaenorhynchus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="77" pageNumber="78" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="lacteus">
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<emphasis id="09C4EABFFF8CFFA6E0D0549B8CE6F90D" bold="true" box="[151,449,1718,1745]" italics="true" pageId="77" pageNumber="78">Sphaenorhynchus lacteus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="3B0F36ADFF8CFFA5E08054F68969FF25" blockId="77.[151,1437,1718,2033]" lastBlockId="78.[151,1437,151,609]" lastPageId="78" lastPageNumber="79" pageId="77" pageNumber="78">
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<emphasis id="09C4EABFFF8CFFA6E08054F68CE8F929" bold="true" box="[199,463,1755,1781]" pageId="77" pageNumber="78">External Morphology.</emphasis>
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Description based on one tadpole at Stage 32 (LCS s/n). Because this was a single, unidentified but clearly unknown tadpole, the tadpole was photographed (
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<figureCitation id="A38B2A28FF8CFFA6E3F154D3893BF8C5" box="[950,1052,1790,1817]" captionStart="FIGURE 48" captionStartId="78.[151,250,1080,1104]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,633,1057]" captionTargetId="figure-225@78.[151,1436,633,1057]" captionTargetPageId="78" captionText="FIGURE 48. Tadpole of Sphaenorhynchus lacteus at Stage 32 (single individual, not preserved): (A) lateral view, (B) dorsolateral view of newly metamorphosed froglet." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7518102" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7518102/files/figure.png" pageId="77" pageNumber="78">Fig. 48A</figureCitation>
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) and reared through metamorphosis (
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<figureCitation id="A38B2A28FF8CFFA6E083550F8C0DF8E1" box="[196,298,1826,1853]" captionStart="FIGURE 48" captionStartId="78.[151,250,1080,1104]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,633,1057]" captionTargetId="figure-225@78.[151,1436,633,1057]" captionTargetPageId="78" captionText="FIGURE 48. Tadpole of Sphaenorhynchus lacteus at Stage 32 (single individual, not preserved): (A) lateral view, (B) dorsolateral view of newly metamorphosed froglet." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7518102" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7518102/files/figure.png" pageId="77" pageNumber="78">Fig. 48B</figureCitation>
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). The tadpole was described alive and thus not all characters employed in the characterization of other species could be recorded. A summarized description follows. Total length
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<quantity id="FC489B48FF8CFFA6E39A556B8964F8BD" box="[989,1091,1862,1889]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.26" pageId="77" pageNumber="78" unit="mm" value="22.6">22.6 mm</quantity>
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. Body elongated oval in dorsal view and depressed in lateral view. Snout rounded in dorsal view. Eyes small, located and directed laterally. Nostrils oval, with opening anterolaterally directed. Oral disc anteroventral, non-emarginate; marginal papillae uniseriate, with a wide a dorsal gap. Marginal papillae of variable sizes. Submarginal papillae absent. LTRF 2(2)/3. Jaw sheaths narrow, finely serrated; anterior jaw sheath shaped as a flat arch, posterior jaw sheath U-shaped. Spiracle single, sinistral, conical, posterodorsally directed. Vent tube large, wide, medial, with a medial opening. Caudal musculature of moderate width; in lateral view gradually tapering to a pointed tip. Dorsal fin moderately high, originating at the tail-body junction, convex; ventral fin moderately high, convex. Tail tip rounded.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="73AA6526FF8FFFA5E080532F897DFE71" pageId="78" pageNumber="79" type="description">
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<paragraph id="3B0F36ADFF8FFFA5E080532F8845FE9D" blockId="78.[151,1437,151,609]" pageId="78" pageNumber="79">
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<emphasis id="09C4EABFFF8FFFA5E080532F8C07FEC0" bold="true" box="[199,288,258,284]" pageId="78" pageNumber="79">Colour.</emphasis>
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In life body olive brown with golden flecks on the sides; dorsal and ventral thirds of eyes golden, medial third red; fins translucent with a marbled brown pattern and scattered golden chromatophores (
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<figureCitation id="A38B2A28FF8FFFA5E4AA530A8872FE9D" box="[1261,1365,295,321]" captionStart="FIGURE 48" captionStartId="78.[151,250,1080,1104]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,633,1057]" captionTargetId="figure-225@78.[151,1436,633,1057]" captionTargetPageId="78" captionText="FIGURE 48. Tadpole of Sphaenorhynchus lacteus at Stage 32 (single individual, not preserved): (A) lateral view, (B) dorsolateral view of newly metamorphosed froglet." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7518102" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7518102/files/figure.png" pageId="78" pageNumber="79">Fig. 48A</figureCitation>
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).
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="3B0F36ADFF8FFFA5E080536689CBFEB9" blockId="78.[151,1437,151,609]" box="[199,1260,331,357]" pageId="78" pageNumber="79">
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<emphasis id="09C4EABFFF8FFFA5E08053668C4FFEB9" bold="true" box="[199,360,331,357]" pageId="78" pageNumber="79">Metamorphs.</emphasis>
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Metamorphs green with yellow reflections in head, dorsum and legs (
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<figureCitation id="A38B2A28FF8FFFA5E43E536689F8FEB9" box="[1145,1247,331,357]" captionStart="FIGURE 48" captionStartId="78.[151,250,1080,1104]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,633,1057]" captionTargetId="figure-225@78.[151,1436,633,1057]" captionTargetPageId="78" captionText="FIGURE 48. Tadpole of Sphaenorhynchus lacteus at Stage 32 (single individual, not preserved): (A) lateral view, (B) dorsolateral view of newly metamorphosed froglet." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7518102" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7518102/files/figure.png" pageId="78" pageNumber="79">Fig. 48B</figureCitation>
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).
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="3B0F36ADFF8FFFA5E0805342897DFE71" blockId="78.[151,1437,151,609]" pageId="78" pageNumber="79">
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<emphasis id="09C4EABFFF8FFFA5E08053428CA3FE54" bold="true" box="[199,388,366,393]" pageId="78" pageNumber="79">Natural history.</emphasis>
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Eggs were not observed in Central Amazonia. Gravid females contain on average 478 ovarian eggs (Ĥdl 1990). Tadpoles are found in floating meadows in várzea floodplain lakes.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="73AA6526FF8FFFA5E080539B8E52FAF5" pageId="78" pageNumber="79" type="discussion">
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<paragraph id="3B0F36ADFF8FFFA5E080539B8990FDBD" blockId="78.[151,1437,151,609]" pageId="78" pageNumber="79">
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<emphasis id="09C4EABFFF8FFFA5E080539B8C68FE0C" bold="true" box="[199,335,438,464]" pageId="78" pageNumber="79">Comments.</emphasis>
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Tadpoles of
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<taxonomicName id="FCB04D2EFF8FFFA5E1A0539A8F72FE0D" baseAuthorityName="Daudin" baseAuthorityYear="1800" box="[487,597,439,465]" class="Amphibia" family="Hylidae" genus="Sphaenorhynchus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="78" pageNumber="79" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="lacteus">
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<emphasis id="09C4EABFFF8FFFA5E1A0539A8F72FE0D" box="[487,597,439,465]" italics="true" pageId="78" pageNumber="79">S. lacteus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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were described by
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<bibRefCitation id="5F214B5CFF8FFFA5E37F539A8EDCFE0D" author="Duellman, W. E." box="[824,1019,438,465]" pageId="78" pageNumber="79" refId="ref76557" refString="Duellman, W. E. (2005) Cusco Amazonico - the lives of amphibians and reptiles in an Amazonian rainforest. Cornell University Press, Ithaca, New York, 433 pp." type="book" year="2005">Duellman (2005)</bibRefCitation>
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from
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<collectingCountry id="43A7763DFF8FFFA5E403539A8950FE0D" box="[1092,1143,439,465]" name="Peru" pageId="78" pageNumber="79">Peru</collectingCountry>
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and by
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<collectorName id="9645537BFF8FFFA5E49F539A8839FE0D" box="[1240,1310,439,465]" pageId="78" pageNumber="79">Lynch</collectorName>
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&
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<collectorName id="9645537BFF8FFFA5E500539A8DDBFE29" pageId="78" pageNumber="79">SuárezMayorga</collectorName>
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(2011) from
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<collectingCountry id="43A7763DFF8FFFA5E1D553F68F23FE29" box="[402,516,475,501]" name="Colombia" pageId="78" pageNumber="79">Colombia</collectingCountry>
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. Tadpoles of
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<collectingCountry id="43A7763DFF8FFFA5E2DD53F68FEAFE29" box="[666,717,475,501]" name="Peru" pageId="78" pageNumber="79">Peru</collectingCountry>
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differ from those herein characterized by presenting eyes large, ventral tube dextral,
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<specimenCode id="6B169ED6FF8FFFA5E1C553D28CFAFDC5" box="[386,477,511,537]" collectionCode="LRTF" pageId="78" pageNumber="79">LRTF 2</specimenCode>
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(2)/3(1), dorsal fin originating on the proximal caudal musculature (although his
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<figureCitation id="A38B2A28FF8FFFA5E53753D28DFEFDE1" captionStart="FIGURE 13" captionStartId="36.[151,250,1297,1321]" captionTargetBox="[177,1424,192,1262]" captionTargetId="figure-21@36.[151,1437,181,1273]" captionTargetPageId="36" captionText="FIGURE 13. Tadpole of Ceratophrys cornuta (MNRJ s/n) at Stage 38: (A) lateral view, (B) dorsal view (scale = 10 mm), and (C) oral disc (scale = 1 mm)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7517994" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7517994/files/figure.png" pageId="78" pageNumber="79">
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Fig.
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<geoCoordinate id="5E84506AFF8FFFA5E0D0500E8DFEFDE1" box="[151,217,547,573]" degrees="13.8" direction="east" orientation="longitude" pageId="78" pageNumber="79" precision="5555" value="13.8">13.8E</geoCoordinate>
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</figureCitation>
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shows dorsal fin originating at the tail-body junction), slender tail tip, posterior jaw sheath broadly V-shaped.
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<location id="3E6F6076FF8FFFA5E0D0506A8DDBFDBD" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:B31987BBFF8CFFA5E0D0549B8E52FAF5:3E6F6076FF8FFFA5E0D0506A8DDBFDBD" box="[151,252,583,609]" country="Colombia" longitude="13.8" name="Tadpoles" pageId="78" pageNumber="79">Tadpoles</location>
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from
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<collectingCountry id="43A7763DFF8FFFA5E107506A8C89FDBD" box="[320,430,583,609]" name="Colombia" pageId="78" pageNumber="79">Colombia</collectingCountry>
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differ from those herein characterized by presenting
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<specimenCode id="6B169ED6FF8FFFA5E445506A897CFDBD" box="[1026,1115,583,609]" collectionCode="LTRF" pageId="78" pageNumber="79">LTRF 2</specimenCode>
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(2)/3(1).
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</paragraph>
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<caption id="6FCF6625FF8FFFA5E0D056158F72FBA9" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7518102" ID-Zenodo-Dep="7518102" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7518102/files/figure.png" pageId="78" pageNumber="79" startId="78.[151,250,1080,1104]" targetBox="[151,1436,633,1057]" targetPageId="78">
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<paragraph id="3B0F36ADFF8FFFA5E0D056158F72FBA9" blockId="78.[151,1436,1080,1141]" pageId="78" pageNumber="79">
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<emphasis id="09C4EABFFF8FFFA5E0D056158C07FB8D" bold="true" box="[151,288,1080,1105]" pageId="78" pageNumber="79">FIGURE 48.</emphasis>
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Tadpole of
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<taxonomicName id="FCB04D2EFF8FFFA5E1DE56148FBCFB8D" baseAuthorityName="Daudin" baseAuthorityYear="1800" box="[409,667,1081,1105]" class="Amphibia" family="Hylidae" genus="Sphaenorhynchus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="78" pageNumber="79" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="lacteus">
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<emphasis id="09C4EABFFF8FFFA5E1DE56148FBCFB8D" box="[409,667,1081,1105]" italics="true" pageId="78" pageNumber="79">Sphaenorhynchus lacteus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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at Stage 32 (single individual, not preserved): (A) lateral view, (B) dorsolateral view of newly metamorphosed froglet.
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</paragraph>
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</caption>
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<paragraph id="3B0F36ADFF8FFFA5E0D0568E8E52FAF5" blockId="78.[151,1436,1186,1321]" pageId="78" pageNumber="79">
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<emphasis id="09C4EABFFF8FFFA5E0D0568E8C8BFB61" bold="true" box="[151,428,1186,1213]" pageId="78" pageNumber="79">
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Genus
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|
<emphasis id="09C4EABFFF8FFFA5E0A9568F8C8BFB61" bold="true" box="[238,428,1186,1213]" italics="true" pageId="78" pageNumber="79">
|
|
<taxonomicName id="FCB04D2EFF8FFFA5E0A9568F8C8EFB61" authorityName="Tschudi" authorityYear="1838" box="[238,425,1186,1213]" class="Amphibia" family="Hylidae" genus="Trachycephalus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="78" pageNumber="79" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">Trachycephalus</taxonomicName>
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.
|
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</emphasis>
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|
</emphasis>
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|
Tadpoles of genus
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|
<taxonomicName id="FCB04D2EFF8FFFA5E2D5568E8E64FB61" authorityName="Tschudi" authorityYear="1838" box="[658,835,1187,1213]" class="Amphibia" family="Hylidae" genus="Trachycephalus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="78" pageNumber="79" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
|
<emphasis id="09C4EABFFF8FFFA5E2D5568E8E64FB61" box="[658,835,1187,1213]" italics="true" pageId="78" pageNumber="79">Trachycephalus</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
found in the Central Amazonia share the following combination of morphological characteristics: moderate size; body elongate oval in dorsal view and triangular in lateral view; dorsal fin of moderate height or high; oral disc anteroventral, ventrolaterally emarginate; marginal papillae biseriate with a dorsal gap; submarginal papillae present.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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</treatment>
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</document> |