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<document id="145CFD5E627AEA8C7229F2715540E2A0" ID-DOI="10.5281/zenodo.5392175" ID-ISSN="1638-9387" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5392175" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="existingObjects,plazi" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1630316196429" checkinUser="marcus" docAuthor="Borojevic, Radovan, Boury-Esnault, Nicole &amp; Vacelet, Jean" docDate="2000" docId="B2494E1BFF9CB260F761FA6BFE61A09E" docLanguage="en" docName="Zoosystema.2000.22.2.203-263.pdf" docOrigin="Zoosystema 22 (2)" docStyle="DocumentStyle:2A9C6F9EA5F90D98170D9E0D9CA29375.4:Zoosystema.2000-2008.journal_article.type1" docStyleId="2A9C6F9EA5F90D98170D9E0D9CA29375" docStyleName="Zoosystema.2000-2008.journal_article.type1" docStyleVersion="4" docTitle="Kebira Row 1909" docType="treatment" docVersion="3" lastPageNumber="244" masterDocId="4E703663FFBBB249F449FFCCFFE4A50A" masterDocTitle="A revision of the supraspecific classification of the subclass Calcaronea (Porifera, class Calcarea)" masterLastPageNumber="263" masterPageNumber="203" pageNumber="242" updateTime="1699223765294" updateUser="plazi" zenodo-license-document="CC0-1.0" zenodo-license-figures="CC0-1.0" zenodo-license-treatments="UNSPECIFIED">
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<mods:title id="C1DB88C6EE99C3873AD34B3D0FA30153">A revision of the supraspecific classification of the subclass Calcaronea (Porifera, class Calcarea)</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="13780E976E4B80808C215341E9147422">Borojevic, Radovan</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="2C5B8220BB8640C4D2F9DC9514A3E5BA">Departamento de Histologia e Embriologia, Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Caixa Postal 68021, 21941 - 970 Rio de Janeiro (Brazil) radovan @ iq. ufrj. br</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="CD17A680E5A6079838E19CC0B002607D">Boury-Esnault, Nicole</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="6AF63505B42B9583CC3D760BE84D43BC">Vacelet, Jean</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="7C24C12888E0DBF2F227E5D8733DF211">Centre d’Océanologie de Marseille (CNRS-Université de la Méditerranée, UMR 6540 DIMAR), Station marine d’Endoume, F- 13007 Marseille (France) esnault @ com. univ-mrs. fr jvacelet @ com. univ-mrs. fr</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:title id="B8C0E0D73361CF502D3B17B19844AAE7">Zoosystema</mods:title>
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<mods:date id="045BDDCF43ABB3423786C4BB0662A0B3">2000</mods:date>
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<treatment id="B2494E1BFF9CB260F761FA6BFE61A09E" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:B2494E1BFF9CB260F761FA6BFE61A09E" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/B2494E1BFF9CB260F761FA6BFE61A09E" lastPageId="41" lastPageNumber="244" pageId="39" pageNumber="242">
<subSubSection id="72FAAC86FF9CB26EF761FA6BFBD2A0CB" box="[808,1078,1446,1473]" pageId="39" pageNumber="242" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="3A5FFF0DFF9CB26EF761FA6BFBD2A0CB" blockId="39.[808,1078,1446,1473]" box="[808,1078,1446,1473]" pageId="39" pageNumber="242">
<heading id="61174861FF9CB26EF761FA6BFBD2A0CB" box="[808,1078,1446,1473]" centered="true" fontSize="11" level="2" pageId="39" pageNumber="242" reason="2">
Genus
<taxonomicName id="FDE0848EFF9CB26EF73CFA6BFBD2A0CB" ID-CoL="84PDR" authority="Row, 1909" authorityName="Row" authorityYear="1909" box="[885,1078,1446,1473]" class="Calcarea" family="Lelapiidae" genus="Kebira" kingdom="Animalia" order="Leucosolenida" pageId="39" pageNumber="242" phylum="Porifera" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="0894231FFF9CB26EF73CFA6BFC5EA0CB" box="[885,954,1447,1473]" italics="true" pageId="39" pageNumber="242">Kebira</emphasis>
Row, 1909
</taxonomicName>
</heading>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="72FAAC86FF9CB26EF6ECFA2EFD33A319" pageId="39" pageNumber="242" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="3A5FFF0DFF9CB26EF6ECFA2EFD33A319" blockId="39.[677,1209,1506,1555]" pageId="39" pageNumber="242">
<collectionCode id="5CF167C8FF9CB26EF6ECFA2EFCC7A0F2" box="[677,803,1506,1529]" pageId="39" pageNumber="242">
<typeStatus id="E55B41AFFF9CB26EF6ECFA2EFD31A0FD" box="[677,725,1506,1529]" pageId="39" pageNumber="242">TYPE</typeStatus>
SPECIES
</collectionCode>
. —
<taxonomicName id="FDE0848EFF9CB26EF719FA2FFBB7A0F1" authority="Row, 1909" authorityName="Row" authorityYear="1909" box="[848,1107,1506,1531]" class="Calcarea" family="Lelapiidae" genus="Kebira" kingdom="Animalia" order="Leucosolenida" pageId="39" pageNumber="242" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="uteoides">
<emphasis id="0894231FFF9CB26EF719FA2FFC3BA0F1" box="[848,991,1507,1531]" italics="true" pageId="39" pageNumber="242">Kebira uteoides</emphasis>
Row, 1909
</taxonomicName>
by monotypy.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="72FAAC86FF9CB260F6ECF9E4FDB1A126" lastPageId="41" lastPageNumber="244" pageId="39" pageNumber="242" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph id="3A5FFF0DFF9CB26EF6ECF9E4FBEAA3AC" blockId="39.[677,1210,1576,1702]" pageId="39" pageNumber="242">
DIAGNOSIS. —
<taxonomicName id="FDE0848EFF9CB26EF708F9E4FC41A34A" authorityName="Dendy &amp; Row" authorityYear="1913" box="[833,933,1576,1600]" class="Calcarea" family="Lelapiidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Leucosolenida" pageId="39" pageNumber="242" phylum="Porifera" rank="family">Lelapiidae</taxonomicName>
with a leuconoid organization. The choanoskeleton has large diactines and spicule tracts consisting of triactines with rudimentary paired actines. The atrial and cortical skeletons are composed of triactines and diactines.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="3A5FFF0DFF93B261F7BDFF83FB99A3AC" pageId="40" pageNumber="243">
<table id="48E00DADFF934DB6F43BFF83FB5FA3AC" box="[114,1211,79,1702]" gridcols="4" gridrows="13" pageId="40" pageNumber="243">
<tr id="84D0FD4FFF934DB6F43BFF83FB5FA56A" box="[114,1211,79,96]" gridrow="0" pageId="40" pageNumber="243" rowspan-0="1" rowspan-1="1" rowspan-2="1">
<th id="C7019433FF934DB6F7BDFF83FB5FA56A" box="[1012,1211,79,96]" gridcol="3" gridrow="0" pageId="40" pageNumber="243">
<pageTitle id="7A7F276AFF93B261F7BDFF83FB4EA56A" box="[1012,1194,79,96]" pageId="40" pageNumber="243">
Taxonomy of
<taxonomicName id="FDE0848EFF93B261F013FF83FB4EA56A" authorityName="Bidder" authorityYear="1898" box="[1114,1194,79,96]" class="Calcarea" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="40" pageNumber="251" phylum="Porifera" rank="subClass" subClass="Calcaronea">Calcaronea</taxonomicName>
</pageTitle>
</th>
</tr>
<tr id="84D0FD4FFF934DB6F43BFF21FB5FA40B" box="[114,1211,237,257]" gridrow="1" pageId="40" pageNumber="243" rowspan-1="1" rowspan-2="1" rowspan-3="1">
<th id="C7019433FF934DB6F43BFF21FD63A40B" box="[114,647,237,257]" gridcol="0" gridrow="1" pageId="40" pageNumber="243">ct</th>
</tr>
<tr id="84D0FD4FFF934DB6F43BFE8EFB5FA45C" box="[114,1211,322,342]" gridrow="2" pageId="40" pageNumber="243">
<th id="C7019433FF934DB6F43BFE8EFB5FA45C" box="[114,1211,322,342]" colspan="4" colspanRight="3" gridcol="0" gridrow="2" pageId="40" pageNumber="243">cx</th>
</tr>
<tr id="84D0FD4FFF934DB6F43BFE0AFB5FA708" box="[114,1211,454,514]" gridrow="3" pageId="40" pageNumber="243" rowspan-1="1" rowspan-2="1" rowspan-3="1">
<th id="C7019433FF934DB6F43BFE0AFD63A708" box="[114,647,454,514]" gridcol="0" gridrow="3" pageId="40" pageNumber="243">cd a ss</th>
</tr>
<tr id="84D0FD4FFF934DB6F43BFDE0FB5FA74A" box="[114,1211,556,576]" gridrow="4" pageId="40" pageNumber="243" rowspan-0="1" rowspan-1="1" rowspan-2="1">
<td id="C7019433FF934DB6F7BDFDE0FB5FA74A" box="[1012,1211,556,576]" gridcol="3" gridrow="4" pageId="40" pageNumber="243">ic</td>
</tr>
<tr id="84D0FD4FFF934DB6F43BFDA3FB5FA789" box="[114,1211,623,643]" gridrow="5" pageId="40" pageNumber="243" rowspan-1="1" rowspan-2="1" rowspan-3="1">
<th id="C7019433FF934DB6F43BFDA3FD63A789" box="[114,647,623,643]" gridcol="0" gridrow="5" pageId="40" pageNumber="243">as</th>
</tr>
<tr id="84D0FD4FFF934DB6F43BFD0EFB5FA619" box="[114,1211,706,787]" gridrow="6" pageId="40" pageNumber="243">
<th id="C7019433FF934DB6F43BFD0EFB5FA619" box="[114,1211,706,787]" colspan="4" colspanRight="3" gridcol="0" gridrow="6" pageId="40" pageNumber="243">
FIG. 38. — Diagram of the subatrial region of the
<taxonomicName id="FDE0848EFF93B261F65EFD0EFDA9A7D9" authorityName="Row" authorityYear="1909" box="[535,589,706,723]" class="Calcarea" family="Lelapiidae" genus="Kebira" kingdom="Animalia" order="Leucosolenida" pageId="40" pageNumber="243" phylum="Porifera" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="0894231FFF93B261F65EFD0EFDA9A7D9" box="[535,589,706,723]" italics="true" pageId="40" pageNumber="243">Kebira</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
skeleton. Abbreviations:
<emphasis id="0894231FFF93B261F555FD1BFEC3A7E2" bold="true" box="[284,295,727,744]" pageId="40" pageNumber="243">a</emphasis>
, atrium;
<emphasis id="0894231FFF93B261F53CFD1BFE6EA7E2" bold="true" box="[373,394,727,744]" pageId="40" pageNumber="243">as</emphasis>
, atrial skeleton;
<emphasis id="0894231FFF93B261F655FD1BFDD4A7E2" bold="true" box="[540,560,727,744]" pageId="40" pageNumber="243">ss</emphasis>
, subatrial spicules;
<emphasis id="0894231FFF93B261F48BFD21FF37A7F4" bold="true" box="[194,211,749,766]" pageId="40" pageNumber="243">ct</emphasis>
, choanosomal spicule tracts composed of nail-like triactines;
<emphasis id="0894231FFF93B261F481FCCEFF3AA619" bold="true" box="[200,222,770,787]" pageId="40" pageNumber="243">cd</emphasis>
, choanosomal diactines.
</th>
</tr>
<tr id="84D0FD4FFF934DB6F43BFCF6FB5FA644" box="[114,1211,826,846]" gridrow="7" pageId="40" pageNumber="243" rowspan-0="1" rowspan-1="1">
<td id="C7019433FF934DB6F73AFCF6FB5FA644" box="[883,1211,826,846]" colspan="2" colspanRight="1" gridcol="2" gridrow="7" pageId="40" pageNumber="243">ec</td>
</tr>
<tr id="84D0FD4FFF934DB6F43BFC9DFB5FA10F" box="[114,1211,849,1029]" gridrow="8" pageId="40" pageNumber="243" rowspan-1="1" rowspan-2="1" rowspan-3="1">
<th id="C7019433FF934DB6F43BFC9DFD63A10F" box="[114,647,849,1029]" gridcol="0" gridrow="8" pageId="40" pageNumber="243">
DESCRIPTION
<taxonomicName id="FDE0848EFF93B261F43BFCBDFF53A681" authorityName="Row" authorityYear="1909" box="[114,183,881,907]" class="Calcarea" family="Lelapiidae" genus="Kebira" kingdom="Animalia" order="Leucosolenida" pageId="40" pageNumber="243" phylum="Porifera" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="0894231FFF93B261F43BFCBDFF53A681" box="[114,183,881,907]" italics="true" pageId="40" pageNumber="243">Kebira</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is clearly related to
<taxonomicName id="FDE0848EFF93B261F5D9FCBCFDE0A680" authorityName="Dendy" authorityYear="1892" box="[400,516,880,906]" class="Calcarea" family="Lelapiidae" genus="Grantiopsis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Leucosolenida" pageId="40" pageNumber="243" phylum="Porifera" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="0894231FFF93B261F5D9FCBCFDE0A680" box="[400,516,880,906]" italics="true" pageId="40" pageNumber="243">Grantiopsis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
with which it shares the nail-form triactines, with reduced paired actines, that are bundled in long tracts. It has a thick wall and a leuconoid organization. The choanoskeleton is supported by giant diactines and
</th>
</tr>
<tr id="84D0FD4FFF934DB6F43BFBC5FB5FA195" box="[114,1211,1033,1183]" gridrow="9" pageId="40" pageNumber="243" rowspan-1="1" rowspan-2="1">
<th id="C7019433FF934DB6F43BFBC5FD63A195" box="[114,647,1033,1183]" gridcol="0" gridrow="9" pageId="40" pageNumber="243">multispicular tracts, which most often maintain the radial organization. The atrial surface is supported by tangential triactines (Fig. 38). Although Row (1909) and Ilan &amp; Vacelet (1993) do not specifically mention subatrial spicules, we have</th>
<td id="C7019433FF934DB6F7BDFBC5FB5FA195" box="[1012,1211,1033,1183]" gridcol="3" gridrow="9" pageId="40" pageNumber="243">ct</td>
</tr>
<tr id="84D0FD4FFF934DB6F43BFB6FFB5FA0B9" box="[114,1211,1187,1459]" gridrow="10" pageId="40" pageNumber="243" rowspan-2="1" rowspan-3="1">
<th id="C7019433FF934DB6F43BFB6FFD63A0B9" box="[114,647,1187,1459]" gridcol="0" gridrow="10" pageId="40" pageNumber="243">
examined the specimens studied by the latter authors, and found that each choanosomal tract of spicules is anchored at the atrial surface or at the surface of larger exhalant canals, in a single subatrial spicule, just as is observed in
<taxonomicName id="FDE0848EFF93B261F65BFAD1FD62A03D" authorityName="Dendy" authorityYear="1892" box="[530,646,1309,1335]" class="Calcarea" family="Lelapiidae" genus="Grantiopsis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Leucosolenida" pageId="40" pageNumber="243" phylum="Porifera" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="0894231FFF93B261F65BFAD1FD62A03D" box="[530,646,1309,1335]" italics="true" pageId="40" pageNumber="243">Grantiopsis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(Fig.37). Both
<taxonomicName id="FDE0848EFF93B261F55BFAF0FE62A05C" authorityName="Dendy" authorityYear="1892" box="[274,390,1340,1366]" class="Calcarea" family="Lelapiidae" genus="Grantiopsis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Leucosolenida" pageId="40" pageNumber="243" phylum="Porifera" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="0894231FFF93B261F55BFAF0FE62A05C" box="[274,390,1340,1366]" italics="true" pageId="40" pageNumber="243">Grantiopsis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="FDE0848EFF93B261F5F1FAF1FE19A05D" authorityName="Row" authorityYear="1909" box="[440,509,1341,1367]" class="Calcarea" family="Lelapiidae" genus="Kebira" kingdom="Animalia" order="Leucosolenida" pageId="40" pageNumber="243" phylum="Porifera" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="0894231FFF93B261F5F1FAF1FE19A05D" box="[440,509,1341,1367]" italics="true" pageId="40" pageNumber="243">Kebira</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
lack the classical articulate choanoskeleton composed of triactine or tetractine spicules. In the thick-walled
<taxonomicName id="FDE0848EFF93B261F43BFA55FF53A0B9" authorityName="Row" authorityYear="1909" box="[114,183,1433,1459]" class="Calcarea" family="Lelapiidae" genus="Kebira" kingdom="Animalia" order="Leucosolenida" pageId="40" pageNumber="243" phylum="Porifera" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="0894231FFF93B261F43BFA55FF53A0B9" box="[114,183,1433,1459]" italics="true" pageId="40" pageNumber="243">Kebira</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, large diactines, apparently derived from the
</th>
<td id="C7019433FF934DB6F6ECFB6FFCE1A0B9" box="[677,773,1187,1459]" gridcol="1" gridrow="10" pageId="40" pageNumber="243">ct</td>
</tr>
<tr id="84D0FD4FFF934DB6F43BFA7AFB5FA305" box="[114,1211,1462,1551]" gridrow="11" pageId="40" pageNumber="243">
<th id="C7019433FF934DB6F43BFA7AFD63A305" box="[114,647,1462,1551]" gridcol="0" gridrow="11" pageId="40" pageNumber="243">cortical ones, participate in the formation of the skeleton of the choanosome, in addition to the spicular tracts.</th>
<td id="C7019433FF934DB6F6ECFA7AFCE1A305" box="[677,773,1462,1551]" gridcol="1" gridrow="11" pageId="40" pageNumber="243">as</td>
<td id="C7019433FF934DB6F73AFA7AFC9AA305" box="[883,894,1462,1551]" gridcol="2" gridrow="11" pageId="40" pageNumber="243">a</td>
<td id="C7019433FF934DB6F7BDFA7AFB5FA305" box="[1012,1211,1462,1551]" gridcol="3" gridrow="11" pageId="40" pageNumber="243">as</td>
</tr>
<tr id="84D0FD4FFF934DB6F43BF98CFB5FA3AC" box="[114,1211,1600,1702]" gridrow="12" pageId="40" pageNumber="243">
<th id="C7019433FF934DB6F43BF98CFD63A3AC" box="[114,647,1600,1702]" gridcol="0" gridrow="12" pageId="40" pageNumber="243">
Genus
<taxonomicName id="FDE0848EFF93B261F55FF98DFEE5A381" class="Calcarea" family="Lelapiidae" genus="Paralelapia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Leucosolenida" pageId="40" pageNumber="243" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="undetermined">
<emphasis id="0894231FFF93B261F55FF98DFE6EA351" box="[278,394,1601,1627]" italics="true" pageId="40" pageNumber="243">Paralelapia</emphasis>
Hôzawa, 1923 TYPE SPECIES.
</taxonomicName>
—
<taxonomicName id="FDE0848EFF93B261F565F9B9FD81A387" authority="Hara, 1894" authorityName="Hara" authorityYear="1894" box="[300,613,1652,1677]" class="Calcarea" family="Lelapiidae" genus="Lelapia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Leucosolenida" pageId="40" pageNumber="243" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="nipponica">
<emphasis id="0894231FFF93B261F565F9B9FE07A381" box="[300,483,1652,1677]" italics="true" pageId="40" pageNumber="243">Lelapia nipponica</emphasis>
Hara, 1894
</taxonomicName>
by monotypy.
</th>
<td id="C7019433FF934DB6F6ECF98CFB5FA3AC" box="[677,1211,1600,1702]" colspan="3" colspanRight="2" gridcol="1" gridrow="12" pageId="40" pageNumber="243">
FIG. 39. — Diagram of a cross-section through the wall of
<taxonomicName id="FDE0848EFF93B261F6ECF999FC36A36C" authority="Hara, 1894" authorityName="Hara" authorityYear="1894" box="[677,978,1621,1638]" class="Calcarea" family="Lelapiidae" genus="Paralelapia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Leucosolenida" pageId="40" pageNumber="243" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="nipponica">
<emphasis id="0894231FFF93B261F6ECF999FC81A36C" box="[677,869,1621,1638]" italics="true" pageId="40" pageNumber="243">Paralelapia nipponica</emphasis>
Hara, 1894
</taxonomicName>
. Abbreviations:
<emphasis id="0894231FFF93B261F02DF999FB8BA36C" bold="true" box="[1124,1135,1621,1638]" pageId="40" pageNumber="243">a</emphasis>
, atrium;
<emphasis id="0894231FFF93B261F6ECF9A7FD5EA376" bold="true" box="[677,698,1643,1660]" pageId="40" pageNumber="243">as</emphasis>
, atrial skeleton;
<emphasis id="0894231FFF93B261F707F9A7FC84A376" bold="true" box="[846,864,1643,1660]" pageId="40" pageNumber="243">ct</emphasis>
, choanosomal spicule tracts formed of tuning-fork-shaped triactines;
<emphasis id="0894231FFF93B261F7E6F94CFC20A39B" bold="true" box="[943,964,1664,1681]" pageId="40" pageNumber="243">cx</emphasis>
, cortex;
<emphasis id="0894231FFF93B261F05AF94CFBCDA39B" bold="true" box="[1043,1065,1664,1681]" pageId="40" pageNumber="243">ec</emphasis>
, exhalant canal;
<emphasis id="0894231FFF93B261F6ECF959FD51A3AC" bold="true" box="[677,693,1685,1702]" pageId="40" pageNumber="243">ic</emphasis>
, inhalant canal. Scale bar: 60 µm (from Hôzawa 1923).
</td>
</tr>
</table>
</paragraph>
<caption id="6E9FAF85FF92B260F438FD20FE98A62D" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5392235" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5392235" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5392235/files/figure.png" pageId="41" pageNumber="244" startId="41.[113,124,748,765]" targetBox="[111,1210,202,717]" targetPageId="41">
<paragraph id="3A5FFF0DFF92B260F438FD20FE98A62D" blockId="41.[113,1211,748,807]" pageId="41" pageNumber="244">
FIG. 40. — Skeletal arrangement in a longitudinal section of
<taxonomicName id="FDE0848EFF92B260F628FD20FCACA7F7" authority="Gray, 1867" authorityName="Gray" authorityYear="1867" box="[609,840,748,765]" class="Calcarea" family="Lelapiidae" genus="Lelapia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Leucosolenida" pageId="41" pageNumber="244" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="australis">
<emphasis id="0894231FFF92B260F628FD20FD01A7F7" box="[609,741,748,765]" italics="true" pageId="41" pageNumber="244">Lelapia australis</emphasis>
Gray, 1867
</taxonomicName>
. Abbreviations:
<emphasis id="0894231FFF92B260F784FD20FC3CA7F7" bold="true" box="[973,984,748,765]" pageId="41" pageNumber="244">a</emphasis>
, atrium;
<emphasis id="0894231FFF92B260F068FD20FBD3A7F7" bold="true" box="[1057,1079,748,765]" pageId="41" pageNumber="244">dc</emphasis>
, dermal cortex;
<emphasis id="0894231FFF92B260F438FCCDFF67A618" bold="true" box="[113,131,769,786]" pageId="41" pageNumber="244">dt</emphasis>
, dermal tuft of triactines and slender diactines;
<emphasis id="0894231FFF92B260F65FFCCDFDC5A618" bold="true" box="[534,545,769,786]" pageId="41" pageNumber="244">fi</emphasis>
, spicular fibres formed of tuning-fork-shaped triactines;
<emphasis id="0894231FFF92B260F7B5FCCDFBF6A618" bold="true" box="[1020,1042,769,786]" pageId="41" pageNumber="244">gc</emphasis>
, atrial cortex. Scale bar: 350 µm (from Dendy 1894).
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="3A5FFF0DFF92B260F438FCAEFDB1A126" blockId="41.[113,647,866,1068]" pageId="41" pageNumber="244">
DIAGNOSIS. —
<taxonomicName id="FDE0848EFF92B260F540FCAFFE89A671" authorityName="Dendy &amp; Row" authorityYear="1913" box="[265,365,867,891]" class="Calcarea" family="Lelapiidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Leucosolenida" pageId="41" pageNumber="244" phylum="Porifera" rank="family">Lelapiidae</taxonomicName>
with a sylleibid organization of the aquiferous system. The thick cortex is composed of an external layer of triactines and an internal layer of giant longitudinal diactines. The choanoskeleton is composed of radially arranged loose tracts of diapasons, originating proximally from unpaired actines of typical subatrial triactines. A well-developed atrial skeleton consists of tangential tri- and tetractines.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="72FAAC86FF92B260F438FBA9FE61A09E" pageId="41" pageNumber="244" type="description">
<paragraph id="3A5FFF0DFF92B260F438FBA9FEE6A177" blockId="41.[113,646,1125,1428]" box="[113,258,1125,1151]" pageId="41" pageNumber="244">DESCRIPTION</paragraph>
<paragraph id="3A5FFF0DFF92B260F438FB49FE61A09E" blockId="41.[113,646,1125,1428]" pageId="41" pageNumber="244">
The relationship of
<taxonomicName id="FDE0848EFF92B260F500FB49FE59A195" authorityName="Hozawa" authorityYear="1923" box="[329,445,1157,1183]" class="Calcarea" family="Lelapiidae" genus="Paralelapia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Leucosolenida" pageId="41" pageNumber="244" phylum="Porifera" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="0894231FFF92B260F500FB49FE59A195" box="[329,445,1157,1183]" italics="true" pageId="41" pageNumber="244">Paralelapia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
to
<taxonomicName id="FDE0848EFF92B260F5AAFB49FDD4A195" authorityName="Gray" authorityYear="1867" box="[483,560,1157,1183]" class="Calcarea" family="Lelapiidae" genus="Lelapia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Leucosolenida" pageId="41" pageNumber="244" phylum="Porifera" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="0894231FFF92B260F5AAFB49FDD4A195" box="[483,560,1157,1183]" italics="true" pageId="41" pageNumber="244">Lelapia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is quite similar to that of
<taxonomicName id="FDE0848EFF92B260F502FB6EFE2AA1B6" authorityName="Dendy" authorityYear="1892" box="[331,462,1186,1212]" class="Calcarea" family="Lelapiidae" genus="Grantiopsis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Leucosolenida" pageId="41" pageNumber="244" phylum="Porifera" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="0894231FFF92B260F502FB6EFE2AA1B6" box="[331,462,1186,1212]" italics="true" pageId="41" pageNumber="244">Grantiopsis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and
<emphasis id="0894231FFF92B260F647FB6FFD87A1B7" box="[526,611,1187,1213]" italics="true" pageId="41" pageNumber="244">
<taxonomicName id="FDE0848EFF92B260F647FB6FFDBBA1B7" authorityName="Row" authorityYear="1909" box="[526,607,1187,1213]" class="Calcarea" family="Lelapiidae" genus="Kebira" kingdom="Animalia" order="Leucosolenida" pageId="41" pageNumber="244" phylum="Porifera" rank="genus">Kebira</taxonomicName>
.
</emphasis>
In
<taxonomicName id="FDE0848EFF92B260F438FB0EFF0DA1D6" authorityName="Hozawa" authorityYear="1923" box="[113,233,1218,1244]" class="Calcarea" family="Lelapiidae" genus="Paralelapia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Leucosolenida" pageId="41" pageNumber="244" phylum="Porifera" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="0894231FFF92B260F438FB0EFF0DA1D6" box="[113,233,1218,1244]" italics="true" pageId="41" pageNumber="244">Paralelapia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, the sylleibid aquiferous system and the organization of the choanoskeleton clearly have a radial organization, reminiscent of the
<taxonomicName id="FDE0848EFF92B260F438FAD2FF0CA032" authorityName="Dendy" authorityYear="1892" box="[113,232,1310,1336]" class="Calcarea" family="Grantiidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Leucosolenida" pageId="41" pageNumber="244" phylum="Porifera" rank="family">Grantiidae</taxonomicName>
. The loose spicular tracts are associat- ed proximally with the subatrial spicules, and the cortical skeleton is well-separated from the choanoskeleton (Fig. 39).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>
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