218 lines
19 KiB
XML
218 lines
19 KiB
XML
<document ID-DOI="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.701.13261" ID-GBIF-Dataset="a9b15909-ea61-40d7-ba04-325b8af91669" ID-PMC="PMC5674090" ID-Pensoft-Pub="1313-2970-701-1" ID-PubMed="29118596" ID-ZBK="23BDD7CE1C7E4D2092A8ED47267579FD" ModsDocAuthor="" ModsDocDate="2017" ModsDocID="1313-2970-701-1" ModsDocOrigin="ZooKeys 701" ModsDocTitle="Revision of torrent mites (Parasitengona, Torrenticolidae, Torrenticola) of the United States and Canada: 90 descriptions, molecular phylogenetics, and a key to species" checkinTime="1506095869158" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Fisher, J. Ray, Fisher, Danielle M., Skvarla, Michael J., Nelson, Whitney A. & Dowling, Ashley P. G." docDate="2017" docId="B18D1A316B2968C9B3E6E7DA203477D1" docLanguage="en" docName="ZooKeys 701: 1-496" docOrigin="ZooKeys 701" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.701.13261" docTitle="Torrenticola kringi Fisher & Dowling, sp. n." docType="treatment" docUuid="C5724C7A-F8A6-4E6F-9F34-8B08DB3E99DB" docUuidSource="ZooBank" docVersion="5" lastPageNumber="1" masterDocId="3D440132FFABFFFC1505FFA0FFDDEA09" masterDocTitle="Revision of torrent mites (Parasitengona, Torrenticolidae, Torrenticola) of the United States and Canada: 90 descriptions, molecular phylogenetics, and a key to species" masterLastPageNumber="496" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="1" updateTime="1668164828938" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:mods xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>Revision of torrent mites (Parasitengona, Torrenticolidae, Torrenticola) of the United States and Canada: 90 descriptions, molecular phylogenetics, and a key to species</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Fisher, J. Ray</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Fisher, Danielle M.</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Skvarla, Michael J.</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Nelson, Whitney A.</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Dowling, Ashley P. G.</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:typeOfResource>text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:relatedItem type="host">
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>ZooKeys</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:part>
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<mods:date>2017</mods:date>
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<mods:detail type="volume">
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<mods:number>701</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:extent unit="page">
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<mods:start>1</mods:start>
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<mods:end>496</mods:end>
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</mods:extent>
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</mods:part>
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</mods:relatedItem>
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<mods:location>
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<mods:url>http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.701.13261</mods:url>
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</mods:location>
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<mods:classification>journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier type="DOI">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.701.13261</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="Pensoft-Pub">1313-2970-701-1</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="ZBK">23BDD7CE1C7E4D2092A8ED47267579FD</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="ZooBank">23BDD7CE1C7E4D2092A8ED47267579FD</mods:identifier>
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</mods:mods>
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<treatment ID-GBIF-Taxon="134839632" LSID="urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:C5724C7A-F8A6-4E6F-9F34-8B08DB3E99DB" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/B18D1A316B2968C9B3E6E7DA203477D1" lastPageNumber="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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<taxonomicName LSID="http://zoobank.org/C5724C7A-F8A6-4E6F-9F34-8B08DB3E99DB" authority="Fisher & Dowling" class="Arachnida" family="Torrenticolidae" genus="Torrenticola" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Torrenticola kringi" order="Trombidiformes" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="kringi">Torrenticola kringi Fisher & Dowling</taxonomicName>
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<taxonomicNameLabel pageId="0" pageNumber="1">sp. n.</taxonomicNameLabel>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="materials_examined">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Material examined.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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HOLOTYPE (♀): from USA, Texas, Tyler County, Spurger; beside Farm Road 1013, 8.2 km west of Rt. 92, (
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<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="15" value="30.694721">30°41'41"N</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="15" value="-94.254166">94°15'15"W</geoCoordinate>
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), 30 September 1994, by IM Smith, IMS940027A.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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PARATYPES (4 ♀; 5 ♂): Texas, USA: 1 ♂ (ALLOTYPE) from Tyler County, Spurger; beside Farm Road 1013, 8.2 km west of Rt. 92, (
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<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="15" value="30.694721">30°41'41"N</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="15" value="-94.254166">94°15'15"W</geoCoordinate>
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), 30 September 1994, by IM Smith, IMS940027A
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<normalizedToken originalValue="•">*</normalizedToken>
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4 ♀ and 4 ♂ from Tyler, Spurger; beside Farm Road 1013, 8.2 km west of Rt. 92, (
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<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="15" value="30.694721">30°41'41"N</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="15" value="-94.254166">94°15'15"W</geoCoordinate>
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), 30 September 1994, by IM Smith, IMS940027A.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="type deposition">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Type deposition.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Holotype (♀), allotype (♂), and some paratypes (2 ♀; 2 ♂) deposited in the CNC; other paratypes (2 ♀; 2 ♂) deposited in the ACUA.</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="diagnosis">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Diagnosis.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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<taxonomicName class="Arachnida" family="Torrenticolidae" genus="Torrenticola" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Torrenticola kringi" order="Trombidiformes" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="kringi">Torrenticola kringi</taxonomicName>
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are similar to other members of the Tricolor Complex (
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<taxonomicName lsidName="T. bittikoferae" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="bittikoferae">T. bittikoferae</taxonomicName>
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,
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<taxonomicName lsidName="T. hoosieri" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="hoosieri">T. hoosieri</taxonomicName>
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,
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<taxonomicName lsidName="T. larvata" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="larvata">T. larvata</taxonomicName>
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,
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<taxonomicName lsidName="T. pearsoni" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="pearsoni">T. pearsoni</taxonomicName>
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,
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<taxonomicName lsidName="T. olliei" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="olliei">T. olliei</taxonomicName>
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,
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<taxonomicName lsidName="T. sierrensis" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="sierrensis">T. sierrensis</taxonomicName>
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,
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<taxonomicName lsidName="T. tricolor" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="tricolor">T. tricolor</taxonomicName>
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,
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<taxonomicName lsidName="T. trimaculata" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="trimaculata">T. trimaculata</taxonomicName>
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,
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<taxonomicName lsidName="T. unimaculata" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="unimaculata">T. unimaculata</taxonomicName>
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,
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<taxonomicName lsidName="T. cardia" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="cardia">T. cardia</taxonomicName>
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,
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<taxonomicName lsidName="T. dimorpha" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="dimorpha">T. dimorpha</taxonomicName>
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, and
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<taxonomicName lsidName="T. mohawk" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="mohawk">T. mohawk</taxonomicName>
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) in having a short, conical rostrum.
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<taxonomicName lsidName="T. kringi" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="kringi">T. kringi</taxonomicName>
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can be differentiated from most
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<taxonomicName class="Arachnida" family="Torrenticolidae" genus="Torrenticola" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Torrenticola" order="Trombidiformes" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Torrenticola</taxonomicName>
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, including other members of the Tricolor Complex, by having a distinct dorsal pattern of a large anterior dorsal spot. The only other species with this pattern is
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<taxonomicName lsidName="T. ululata" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="ululata">T. ululata</taxonomicName>
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, which, like all
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<taxonomicName class="Arachnida" family="Torrenticolidae" genus="Rusetria" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Rusetria" order="Trombidiformes" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Rusetria</taxonomicName>
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2-Plates, have anterio-lateral platelets fused to the dorsal plate and
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<taxonomicName lsidName="T. unimaculata" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="unimaculata">T. unimaculata</taxonomicName>
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, which has a stockier rostrum (length/width = 2.6-3.2 in
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<taxonomicName lsidName="T. kringi" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="kringi">T. kringi</taxonomicName>
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, 1.9-2.2 in
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<taxonomicName lsidName="T. unimaculata" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="unimaculata">T. unimaculata</taxonomicName>
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).
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<taxonomicName lsidName="T. kringi" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="kringi">T. kringi</taxonomicName>
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are most similar to other members of the Tricolor Complex that have bold patterning (
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<taxonomicName lsidName="T. larvata" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="larvata">T. larvata</taxonomicName>
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,
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<taxonomicName lsidName="T. tricolor" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="tricolor">T. tricolor</taxonomicName>
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,
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<taxonomicName lsidName="T. trimaculata" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="trimaculata">T. trimaculata</taxonomicName>
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,
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<taxonomicName lsidName="T. unimaculata" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="unimaculata">T. unimaculata</taxonomicName>
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,
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<taxonomicName lsidName="T. cardia" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="cardia">T. cardia</taxonomicName>
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, and
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<taxonomicName lsidName="T. mohawk" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="mohawk">T. mohawk</taxonomicName>
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).
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<taxonomicName lsidName="T. kringi" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="kringi">T. kringi</taxonomicName>
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can be further differentiated from all other members of the Tricolor Complex by having a more elongate rostrum (length/width = 2.67-3.13 in
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<taxonomicName lsidName="T. kringi" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="kringi">T. kringi</taxonomicName>
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, 1.29-2.59).
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="description">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Description.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Female (Figure 118) (n = 5) (holotype measurements in parentheses when available) with characters of the genus with following specifications.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Dorsum - (550-580 (580) long; 460-500 (490) wide) circular with coloration restricted to a single dark spot anteriorly (occasionally extending medially), with an orange spot posterior to the dark spot. Anterio-medial platelets (125-145 (145) long; 60-70 (70) wide). Anterio-lateral platelets (160-185 (185) long; 65-75 (75) wide) free to dorsal plate. Dgl-4 much closer to the edge of the dorsum than to the muscle scars (distance between Dgl-4 335-365 (350)). Dorsal plate proportions: dorsum length/width 1.15-1.20 (1.18); dorsal width/distance between Dgl-4 1.26-1.46 (1.40); anterio-medial platelet length/width 2.00-2.25 (2.07); anterio-lateral platelet length/width 2.29-2.69 (2.47); anterio-lateral/anterio-medial length 1.19-1.40 (1.28).</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Gnathosoma - Subcapitulum (290-302.5 (300) long (ventral); 215-227.5 (227.5) long (dorsal); 117.5-125 (125) tall) colorless. Rostrum (120-130 (125) long; 40-45 (42.5) wide). Chelicerae (275-300 (290) long) with curved fangs (50-55 (50) long). Subcapitular proportions: ventral length/height 2.34-2.47 (2.40); rostrum length/width 2.67-3.13 (2.94). Pedipalps with tuberculate ventral extensions on femora and genua. Palpomeres: trochanter (40-42.5 (41.25) long); femur (107.5-112.5 (112.5) long); genu (72.5-77.5 (77.5) long); tibia (91.25-97.5 (96.25) long; 27.5-28.75 (28.75) wide); tarsus (25-26.25 (25) long). Palpomere proportions: femur/genu 1.43-1.48 (1.45); tibia/femur 0.85-0.89 (0.86); tibia length/width 3.32-3.55 (3.35).</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Venter - (630-690 (680) long; 500-530 (525) wide) colorless. Gnathosomal bay (132.5-152.5 (145) long; 75-82.5 (82.5) wide). Cxgl-4 subapical. Medial suture (22.5-30 (30) long). Genital plates (165-180 (180) long; 150-160 (160) wide). Additional measurements: Cx-1 (240-270 (270) long (total); 110-130 (130) long (medial)); Cx-3 (320-345 (345) wide); anterior venter (145-170 (170) long). Ventral proportions: gnathosomal bay length/width 1.67-1.94 (1.76); anterior venter/genital field length 0.85-0.97 (0.94); anterior venter length/genital field width 0.92-1.07 (1.06); anterior venter/medial suture 5.17-6.44 (5.67).</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Male (Figure 119) (n = 5) (allotypic measurements in parentheses when available) with characters of the genus with following specifications.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Dorsum - (480-560 (510) long; 395-465 (420) wide) circular with coloration restricted to a single dark spot anteriorly (occasionally extending medially), with an orange spot posterior to the dark spot. Anterio-medial platelets (110-130 (117.5) long; 52.5-65 (57.5) wide). Anterio-lateral platelets (140-170 (150) long; 50-75 (60) wide) free from dorsal plate. Dgl-4 much closer to the edge of the dorsum than to the muscle scars (distance between Dgl-4 285-350 (315)). Dorsal plate proportions: dorsum length/width 1.19-1.30 (1.21); dorsal width/distance between Dgl-4 1.29-1.39 (1.33); anterio-medial platelet length/width 1.96-2.27 (2.04); anterio-lateral platelet length/width 2.27-2.80 (2.50); anterio-lateral/anterio-medial length 1.27-1.31 (1.28).</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Gnathosoma - Subcapitulum (240-275 (260) long (ventral); 177.5-210 (195) long (dorsal); 90-105 (100) tall) colorless. Rostrum (100-115 (110) long; 35-40 (37.5) wide). Chelicerae (225-270 (260) long) with curved fangs (45-50 (50) long). Subcapitular proportions: ventral length/height 2.55-2.75 (2.60); rostrum length/width 2.81-2.93 (2.93). Pedipalps with tuberculate ventral extensions on femora and genua. Palpomeres: trochanter (35-38.75 (37.5) long); femur (85-101.25 (97.5) long); genu (60-71.25 (67.5) long); tibia (70-82.5 (77.5) long; 23.75-27.5 (26.25) wide); tarsus (22.5-25 (23.75) long). Palpomere proportions: femur/genu 1.36-1.44 (1.44); tibia/femur 0.79-0.87 (0.79); tibia length/width 2.95-3.14 (2.95).</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Venter - (590-695 (640) long; 440-510 (470) colorless. Gnathosomal bay (100-130 (115) long; 62.5-77.5 (75) wide). Cxgl-4 subapical. Medial suture (85-100 (85) long). Genital plates (115-130 (125) long; 95-105 (100) wide). Additional measurements: Cx-1 (220-270 (250) long (total); 120-150 (145) long (medial)); Cx-3 (275-325 (305) wide); anterior venter (220-255 (240) long). Ventral proportions: gnathosomal bay length/width 1.53-1.79 (1.53); anterior venter/genital field length 1.87-1.96 (1.92); anterior venter length/genital field width 2.32-2.43 (2.40); anterior venter/medial suture 2.44-2.83 (2.82).</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Immatures unknown.</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="etymology">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Etymology.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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Specific epithet (
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<taxonomicName class="Arachnida" family="Arrenuridae" genus="Lebertioidea" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Lebertioidea kringi" order="Trombidiformes" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="kringi">kringi</taxonomicName>
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) named in honor of Tim Kring, Department Head of Entomology at Virginia Tech, who was a member of
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<normalizedToken originalValue="JRF’s">JRF's</normalizedToken>
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Ph.D. committee. His friendship, humor, advice, and student-focused approach has been a great influence to JRF.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="distribution">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Distribution.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Eastern Texas (Figure 117).</paragraph>
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<caption pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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Figure 117.
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<taxonomicName class="Arachnida" family="Torrenticolidae" genus="Torrenticola" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Torrenticola kringi" order="Trombidiformes" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="kringi">Torrenticola kringi</taxonomicName>
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sp. n. distribution.
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</paragraph>
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</caption>
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<caption pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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Figure 118.
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<taxonomicName class="Arachnida" family="Torrenticolidae" genus="Torrenticola" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Torrenticola kringi" order="Trombidiformes" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="kringi">Torrenticola kringi</taxonomicName>
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sp. n. female: A dorsal plates B venter (legs removed) C subcapitulum D pedipalp (setae not accurately depicted). Scale = 100
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<normalizedToken originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
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.
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</paragraph>
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</caption>
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<caption pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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Figure 119.
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<taxonomicName class="Arachnida" family="Torrenticolidae" genus="Torrenticola" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Torrenticola kringi" order="Trombidiformes" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="kringi">Torrenticola kringi</taxonomicName>
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sp. n. male: A dorsal plates B venter (legs removed) C subcapitulum D pedipalp (setae not accurately depicted). Scale = 100
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<normalizedToken originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
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.
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</paragraph>
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</caption>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="remarks">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Remarks.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
Unfortunately, we were unable to acquire fresh material of
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Arachnida" family="Torrenticolidae" genus="Torrenticola" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Torrenticola kringi" order="Trombidiformes" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="kringi">Torrenticola kringi</taxonomicName>
|
||
and therefore this species is not included in our phylogenetic analyses. However, we were able to examine morphology with material preserved in GAW. The overall similarity, conical rostrum that is downturned in males, and distribution, are consistent with placing this species in the Tricolor Complex and among eastern members of the Tricolor Identification Group.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |