376 lines
49 KiB
XML
376 lines
49 KiB
XML
<document id="346820631DBE652B695DA8D3E59E8FE3" ID-DOI="10.5281/zenodo.157415" ID-GBIF-Dataset="34620d1a-7e92-44aa-8611-369174d57c91" ID-ISSN="11755326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="157415" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1461013110888" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Pogue, Michael G. & Harp, Charles E." docDate="2004" docId="B11687FDFFB3FFECFEE0FDD5FE158EF0" docLanguage="en" docName="zt00473.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 473" docStyle="DocumentStyle:FA7E419B012A62B0FC3AC15A186C3DAF.3:Zootaxa.2001-2006.journal_article" docStyleId="FA7E419B012A62B0FC3AC15A186C3DAF" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2001-2006.journal_article" docStyleVersion="3" docTitle="Schinia erosa Smith" docType="treatment" docVersion="9" lastPageNumber="18" masterDocId="4D2FFF85FFA3FFFDFFE8FFA1FFBE8B69" masterDocTitle="A review of the Schinia tertia (Grote) species complex (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae: Heliothinae)" masterLastPageNumber="32" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="17" updateTime="1698568045973" updateUser="plazi">
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<mods:title id="32028A35040FDD4929D2A60613696602">A review of the Schinia tertia (Grote) species complex (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae: Heliothinae)</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="2F8B96C1E9719865C37CF7C196BE4C9E">Pogue, Michael G.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="6C52EF337FCA8D8FB55632359A790C38">Harp, Charles E.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:title id="83AB71482E0ACB13F0A5FB46F0F87662">Zootaxa</mods:title>
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<mods:date id="FE126400470B53FB29B77260870B1A62">2004</mods:date>
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<treatment id="B11687FDFFB3FFECFEE0FDD5FE158EF0" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6269760" ID-GBIF-Taxon="119600687" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6269760" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:B11687FDFFB3FFECFEE0FDD5FE158EF0" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/B11687FDFFB3FFECFEE0FDD5FE158EF0" lastPageId="17" lastPageNumber="18" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">
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<paragraph id="390036EBFFB3FFEDFEE0FDD5FDBE89E4" blockId="16.[264,685,627,689]" box="[264,512,627,654]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">
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<heading id="62488187FFB3FFEDFEE0FDD5FDBE89E4" bold="true" box="[264,512,627,654]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" reason="1">
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<taxonomicName id="FEBF4D68FFB3FFEDFEE0FDD5FDBE89E4" ID-CoL="95GKP" authority="Smith" authorityName="Smith" box="[264,512,627,654]" class="Insecta" family="Noctuidae" genus="Schinia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="erosa">
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<emphasis id="0BCBEAF9FFB3FFEDFEE0FDD5FDBE89E4" bold="true" box="[264,512,627,654]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">
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<emphasis id="0BCBEAF9FFB3FFEDFEE0FDD5FE1389E7" bold="true" box="[264,429,628,654]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">Schinia erosa</emphasis>
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Smith
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</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="390036EBFFB3FFEDFEE0FD36FD1389D8" blockId="16.[264,685,627,689]" box="[264,685,663,689]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">
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(
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<figureCitation id="A1842A6EFFB3FFEDFEF9FD36FE2089D8" box="[273,414,663,689]" captionStart="FIGURES 12 – 18" captionStartId="22.[264,382,1614,1638]" captionTargetBox="[289,1297,310,1606]" captionTargetId="figure@22.[289,1298,308,1610]" captionTargetPageId="22" captionText="FIGURES 12 – 18. Adults. 12, S. brunnea, male, lectotype, California, San Bernardino Co., Loma Linda, USNM ENT 00219116; 13, S. brunnea, female, California, Orange Co., Rancho Mission Viejo, USNM ENT 0 0 157286 (CEH); 14, S. brunnea, male, California, Orange Co., Rancho Mission Viejo, USNM ENT 00218692; 15, S. brunnea, male, California, Orange Co., Rancho Mission Viejo, USNM ENT 00218693; 16, S. brunnea, male, California, Orange Co., Rancho Mission Viejo, USNM ENT 00218694; 17, S. erosa, female, California, Riverside Co., Indio, USNM ENT 00143201; 18, S. erosa, male, California, San Diego Co., Sentenac Canyon, USNM ENT 0 0 143184." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/168945/files/figure.png" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">Figs. 17–18</figureCitation>
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,
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<figureCitation id="A1842A6EFFB3FFEDFE42FD36FE7489D8" box="[426,458,663,689]" captionStart="FIGURES 19 – 24" captionStartId="23.[264,382,1167,1191]" captionTargetBox="[273,1310,326,1134]" captionTargetId="figure@23.[273,1329,326,1143]" captionTargetPageId="23" captionText="FIGURES 19 – 24. Second sternite of male abdomen. 19, Schinia tertia, Texas, Brazos Co., College Station, USNM ENT 0 0 142720, genitalia slide USNM 46835; 20, S. tertia, Utah, Utah Co., Vineyard, USNM ENT 0 0 143238, genitalia slide USNM 46817; 21, S. albafascia, California, San Bernardino Co., Ivanpah Mts., USNM ENT 0 0 142700, genitalia slide USNM 46814; 22, S. ferrisi, Arizona, Pima Co., Redington, USNM ENT 0 0 142671, genitalia slide USNM 47328; 23, S. erosa, California, Riverside Co., Indio, USNM ENT 0 0 143200, genitalia slide USNM 46842; 24, S. brunnea, California, San Bernardino Co., San Bernardino, USNM ENT 0 0 143179, genitalia slide USNM 47156." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/168946/files/figure.png" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">23</figureCitation>
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,
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<figureCitation id="A1842A6EFFB3FFEDFE3FFD36FD9C89D8" box="[471,546,663,689]" captionStart="FIGURES 25 – 34" captionStartId="24.[264,382,1420,1444]" captionTargetBox="[347,1273,310,1388]" captionTargetId="figure@24.[276,1310,308,1397]" captionTargetPageId="24" captionText="FIGURES 25 – 34. Male genitalia. 25, Schinia tertia, Texas, Brewster Co., Alpine, USNM ENT 0 0 142723, genitalia slide USNM 46833; 26, S. tertia, aedoeagus, Texas, Carson Co., White Deer, USNM ENT 0 0 142739, genitalia slide USNM 46836; 27, S. albafascia, Utah, Wasatch Co., Midway, USNM ENT 0 0 142986, genitalia slide USNM 46827; 28, S. albafascia, aedoeagus, same data; 29, S. ferrisi, Arizona, Pima Co., Redington, USNM ENT 0 0 142671, genitalia slide USNM 47328; 30, S. ferrisi, aedoeagus, same data." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/168947/files/figure.png" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">31–32</figureCitation>
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,
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<figureCitation id="A1842A6EFFB3FFEDFDC6FD36FDF089D8" box="[558,590,663,689]" captionStart="FIGURES 41 – 44" captionStartId="27.[264,382,1112,1136]" captionTargetBox="[290,1280,322,1078]" captionTargetId="figure@27.[249,1338,315,1088]" captionTargetPageId="27" captionText="FIGURES 41 – 44. Female genitalia. 41, S. erosa, California, San Diego Co., Sentenac Canyon, USNM ENT 0 0 143186, genitalia slide USNM 47162; 42, S. brunnea, California, San Bernardino Co., Loma Linda, USNM ENT 0 0 143167, genitalia slide USNM 46839; 43, S. erosa, papillae anales, same data as Fig. 41; 44, S. brunnea, papillae anales, same data as Fig. 42." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/168950/files/figure.png" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">41</figureCitation>
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, 43,
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<figureCitation id="A1842A6EFFB3FFEDFD6EFD36FD1B89D8" box="[646,677,663,689]" captionStart="FIGURES 48 – 49" captionStartId="31.[264,382,1245,1269]" captionTargetBox="[273,1306,326,1213]" captionTargetId="figure@31.[242,1307,326,1221]" captionTargetPageId="31" captionText="FIGURES 48 – 49. Collecting localities for Schinia spp. 48, S. erosa, shaded area is distribution of host plant Isocoma acradenia var. acradenia (Asteraceae); 49, S. brunnea." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/157427/files/figure.png" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">48</figureCitation>
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)
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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||
<subSubSection id="71A56560FFB3FFEDFEE0FD43FA998851" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" type="reference_group">
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<paragraph id="390036EBFFB3FFEDFEE0FD43FCE58871" blockId="16.[264,1321,737,825]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">
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<treatmentCitationGroup id="19AF11C5FFB3FFEDFEE0FD43FCE58871" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">
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<taxonomicName id="FEBF4D68FFB3FFEDFEE0FD43FDFA8991" ID-CoL="95GKP" authority="Smith 1906:23" authorityName="Smith" authorityPageNumber="23" authorityYear="1906" box="[264,580,737,761]" class="Insecta" family="Noctuidae" genus="Schinia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="erosa">
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<emphasis id="0BCBEAF9FFB3FFEDFEE0FD43FE228990" box="[264,412,738,761]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">Schinia erosa</emphasis>
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<treatmentCitation id="B81E10FAFFB3FFEDFE4FFD40FDFA8991" author="Smith" box="[423,580,737,760]" page="23" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" year="1906">
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<bibRefCitation id="5D2E4B1AFFB3FFEDFE4FFD40FD988991" author="Smith" box="[423,550,737,760]" pageId="16" pageNumber="20" refString="Smith, J. B. (1906) New Noctuidae for 1906. No. 1. Journal of the New York Entomological Society, 14, 9 - 30." type="journal article" year="1906">Smith 1906</bibRefCitation>
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:23
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</treatmentCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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.—
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<treatmentCitation id="B81E10FAFFB3FFEDFD8BFD40FCD68991" author="McDunnough" box="[611,872,737,760]" page="105" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" year="1938">
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<bibRefCitation id="5D2E4B1AFFB3FFEDFD8BFD40FC838991" author="McDunnough" box="[611,829,737,760]" pageId="16" pageNumber="20" refString="McDunnough, J. (1938) Checklist of the Lepidoptera of Canada and the United States of America. Part 1. Macrolepidoptera. Memoirs of the Southern California Academy of Sciences, Vol No?, 1 - 275." type="book chapter" year="1938">McDunnough 1938</bibRefCitation>
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:105
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||
</treatmentCitation>
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||
.—
|
||
<treatmentCitation id="B81E10FAFFB3FFEDFC60FD40FB978991" author="Todd" box="[904,1065,737,760]" page="76" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" year="1982">
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<bibRefCitation id="5D2E4B1AFFB3FFEDFC60FD40FBB78991" author="Todd" box="[904,1033,737,760]" pageId="16" pageNumber="20" refString="Todd, E. L. (1982) The noctuid type material of John B. Smith (Lepidoptera). United States Department of Agriculture, Technical Bulletin, 1645, 1 - 228." type="journal article" year="1982">Todd 1982</bibRefCitation>
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:76
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</treatmentCitation>
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||
. —
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||
<treatmentCitation id="B81E10FAFFB3FFEDFBBAFD40FABF8991" author="Poole" box="[1106,1281,737,760]" page="894" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" year="1989">
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||
<bibRefCitation id="5D2E4B1AFFB3FFEDFBBAFD40FB6C8991" author="Poole" box="[1106,1234,737,760]" pageId="16" pageNumber="20" refString="Poole, R. W. (1989) Fascicle 118, Noctuidae. Lepidopterorum Catalogus (New Series). E. J. Brill and Flora and Fauna Publications, Leiden. xii, 1313 pp." type="book" year="1989">Poole 1989</bibRefCitation>
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:894
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||
</treatmentCitation>
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||
. —
|
||
<treatmentCitation id="B81E10FAFFB3FFEDFED0FCA0FDE78871" author="Poole" box="[312,601,769,792]" page="771" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" year="1996">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="5D2E4B1AFFB3FFEDFED0FCA0FD908871" author="Poole" box="[312,558,769,792]" pageId="16" pageNumber="20" refString="Poole, R. W. & Gentili, P. (Eds.) (1996) Nomina Insecta Nearctica. A check list of the insects of North America, Volume 3: Diptera, Lepidoptera, Siphonaptera. Entomological Information Services, Rockville, Maryland, 1143 pp." type="book" year="1996">Poole and Gentili 1996</bibRefCitation>
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:771
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</treatmentCitation>
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||
.—
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||
<treatmentCitation id="B81E10FAFFB3FFEDFD91FCA0FCE98871" author="Hardwick" box="[633,855,769,792]" page="178" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" year="1996">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="5D2E4B1AFFB3FFEDFD91FCA0FC978871" author="Hardwick" box="[633,809,769,792]" pageId="16" pageNumber="20" refString="Hardwick, D. F. (1996) A Monograph to the North American Heliothentinae (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae). David F. Hardwick, Ottawa, Ontario, 281 pp." type="book" year="1996">Hardwick 1996</bibRefCitation>
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:178
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</treatmentCitation>
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.
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</treatmentCitationGroup>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="390036EBFFB3FFEDFEE0FC83FA998851" blockId="16.[264,1321,737,825]" box="[264,1319,801,825]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">
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<treatmentCitationGroup id="19AF11C5FFB3FFEDFEE0FC83FA998851" box="[264,1319,801,825]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">
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<emphasis id="0BCBEAF9FFB3FFEDFEE0FC83FD918850" box="[264,559,802,825]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">
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||
<taxonomicName id="FEBF4D68FFB3FFEDFEE0FC83FDB38850" ID-CoL="95GKP" box="[264,525,802,825]" class="Insecta" family="Noctuidae" genus="Schinia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subSpecies" species="albafascia" subSpecies="erosa">Schinia albafascia erosa</taxonomicName>
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;—
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</emphasis>
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<treatmentCitation id="B81E10FAFFB3FFEDFDC7FC80FC248851" author="Barnes" box="[559,922,801,824]" page="39" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" year="1917">
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<bibRefCitation id="5D2E4B1AFFB3FFEDFDC7FC80FCC28851" author="Barnes" box="[559,892,801,824]" pageId="16" pageNumber="20" refString="Barnes, W. & McDunnough, J. (1917) Check list of the Lepidoptera of boreal America. Herald Press, Decatur, Illinois. ix, 392 pp." type="book" year="1917">Barnes and McDunnough 1917</bibRefCitation>
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||
:39
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</treatmentCitation>
|
||
.—
|
||
<treatmentCitation id="B81E10FAFFB3FFEDFC51FC80FA9A8851" author="Franclemont" box="[953,1316,801,824]" page="159" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" year="1983">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="5D2E4B1AFFB3FFEDFC51FC80FB4B8851" author="Franclemont" box="[953,1269,801,824]" pageId="16" pageNumber="20" refString="Franclemont, J. G. & Todd, E. L. (1983) Noctuidae. In: Hodges, R. W., Dominick, T., Davis, D. R., Ferguson, D. C., Franclemont, J. G., Munroe, E. G. & Powell, J. A. (Eds.) Check list of the Lepidoptera of America North of Mexico. University Press, Cambridge, pp. 120 - 159." type="book chapter" year="1983">Franclemont and Todd 1983</bibRefCitation>
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:159
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</treatmentCitation>
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.
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</treatmentCitationGroup>
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||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
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||
<subSubSection id="71A56560FFB3FFEDFEE0FCFFFE108E60" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" type="diagnosis">
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||
<paragraph id="390036EBFFB3FFEDFEE0FCFFFE108E60" blockId="16.[264,1324,862,1889]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">
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||
<emphasis id="0BCBEAF9FFB3FFEDFEE0FCFFFE368811" bold="true" box="[264,392,862,888]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">Diagnosis.</emphasis>
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<taxonomicName id="FEBF4D68FFB3FFEDFE67FCFEFD908811" box="[399,558,863,888]" class="Insecta" family="Noctuidae" genus="Schinia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="erosa">
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<emphasis id="0BCBEAF9FFB3FFEDFE67FCFEFD908811" box="[399,558,863,888]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">Schinia erosa</emphasis>
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||
</taxonomicName>
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||
looks like a washed out
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<emphasis id="0BCBEAF9FFB3FFEDFCA7FCFEFC688811" box="[847,982,863,888]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="FEBF4D68FFB3FFEDFCA7FCFEFC6C8811" box="[847,978,863,888]" class="Insecta" family="Noctuidae" genus="Schinia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="brunnea">S. brunnea</taxonomicName>
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.
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</emphasis>
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The maculation consists of a reniform spot and in some specimens a faint orbicular spot, with rufous to cream ground color.
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<taxonomicName id="FEBF4D68FFB3FFEDFEB9FC0EFDAC88A1" box="[337,530,943,968]" class="Insecta" family="Noctuidae" genus="Schinia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="brunnea">
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||
<emphasis id="0BCBEAF9FFB3FFEDFEB9FC0EFDAC88A1" box="[337,530,943,968]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">Schinia brunnea</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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has brown to reddishbrown ground color, an antemedial line, postmedial line, and darker areas in the subterminal area of forewing. The discal spot and marginal band in the hindwing are usually less distinct in
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<taxonomicName id="FEBF4D68FFB3FFEDFC66FC5EFC708F71" box="[910,974,1023,1048]" class="Insecta" family="Noctuidae" genus="Schinia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="erosa">
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<emphasis id="0BCBEAF9FFB3FFEDFC66FC5EFC708F71" box="[910,974,1023,1048]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">erosa</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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than in
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<emphasis id="0BCBEAF9FFB3FFEDFBD9FC5EFB248F71" box="[1073,1178,1023,1048]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="FEBF4D68FFB3FFEDFBD9FC5EFB288F71" box="[1073,1174,1023,1048]" class="Insecta" family="Noctuidae" genus="Schinia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="brunnea">brunnea</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
The second sternite in the male abdomen has a vestigial hair pencil in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="FEBF4D68FFB3FFEDFC2FFB86FBB98F29" box="[967,1031,1063,1088]" class="Insecta" family="Noctuidae" genus="Schinia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="erosa">
|
||
<emphasis id="0BCBEAF9FFB3FFEDFC2FFB86FBB98F29" box="[967,1031,1063,1088]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">erosa</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(Fig, 23), which is well developed in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="FEBF4D68FFB3FFEDFE42FBEEFDB28F01" box="[426,524,1103,1128]" class="Insecta" family="Noctuidae" genus="Schinia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="brunnea">
|
||
<emphasis id="0BCBEAF9FFB3FFEDFE42FBEEFDB28F01" box="[426,524,1103,1128]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">brunnea</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation id="A1842A6EFFB3FFEDFDF5FBEEFDC98F00" box="[541,631,1103,1129]" captionStart="FIGURES 19 – 24" captionStartId="23.[264,382,1167,1191]" captionTargetBox="[273,1310,326,1134]" captionTargetId="figure@23.[273,1329,326,1143]" captionTargetPageId="23" captionText="FIGURES 19 – 24. Second sternite of male abdomen. 19, Schinia tertia, Texas, Brazos Co., College Station, USNM ENT 0 0 142720, genitalia slide USNM 46835; 20, S. tertia, Utah, Utah Co., Vineyard, USNM ENT 0 0 143238, genitalia slide USNM 46817; 21, S. albafascia, California, San Bernardino Co., Ivanpah Mts., USNM ENT 0 0 142700, genitalia slide USNM 46814; 22, S. ferrisi, Arizona, Pima Co., Redington, USNM ENT 0 0 142671, genitalia slide USNM 47328; 23, S. erosa, California, Riverside Co., Indio, USNM ENT 0 0 143200, genitalia slide USNM 46842; 24, S. brunnea, California, San Bernardino Co., San Bernardino, USNM ENT 0 0 143179, genitalia slide USNM 47156." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/168946/files/figure.png" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">Fig. 24</figureCitation>
|
||
). In the male genitalia, the most obvious difference is the much shorter uncus and valve in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="FEBF4D68FFB3FFEDFD7DFBD6FD6B8FF9" box="[661,725,1143,1168]" class="Insecta" family="Noctuidae" genus="Schinia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="erosa">
|
||
<emphasis id="0BCBEAF9FFB3FFEDFD7DFBD6FD6B8FF9" box="[661,725,1143,1168]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">erosa</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation id="A1842A6EFFB3FFEDFD0FFBD6FC838FF8" box="[743,829,1143,1169]" captionStart="FIGURES 25 – 34" captionStartId="24.[264,382,1420,1444]" captionTargetBox="[347,1273,310,1388]" captionTargetId="figure@24.[276,1310,308,1397]" captionTargetPageId="24" captionText="FIGURES 25 – 34. Male genitalia. 25, Schinia tertia, Texas, Brewster Co., Alpine, USNM ENT 0 0 142723, genitalia slide USNM 46833; 26, S. tertia, aedoeagus, Texas, Carson Co., White Deer, USNM ENT 0 0 142739, genitalia slide USNM 46836; 27, S. albafascia, Utah, Wasatch Co., Midway, USNM ENT 0 0 142986, genitalia slide USNM 46827; 28, S. albafascia, aedoeagus, same data; 29, S. ferrisi, Arizona, Pima Co., Redington, USNM ENT 0 0 142671, genitalia slide USNM 47328; 30, S. ferrisi, aedoeagus, same data." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/168947/files/figure.png" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">Fig. 31</figureCitation>
|
||
) than in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="FEBF4D68FFB3FFEDFC42FBD6FBB28FF9" box="[938,1036,1143,1168]" class="Insecta" family="Noctuidae" genus="Schinia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="brunnea">
|
||
<emphasis id="0BCBEAF9FFB3FFEDFC42FBD6FBB28FF9" box="[938,1036,1143,1168]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">brunnea</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation id="A1842A6EFFB3FFEDFBF5FBD6FBC98FF8" box="[1053,1143,1143,1169]" captionStart="FIGURES 25 – 34" captionStartId="24.[264,382,1420,1444]" captionTargetBox="[347,1273,310,1388]" captionTargetId="figure@24.[276,1310,308,1397]" captionTargetPageId="24" captionText="FIGURES 25 – 34. Male genitalia. 25, Schinia tertia, Texas, Brewster Co., Alpine, USNM ENT 0 0 142723, genitalia slide USNM 46833; 26, S. tertia, aedoeagus, Texas, Carson Co., White Deer, USNM ENT 0 0 142739, genitalia slide USNM 46836; 27, S. albafascia, Utah, Wasatch Co., Midway, USNM ENT 0 0 142986, genitalia slide USNM 46827; 28, S. albafascia, aedoeagus, same data; 29, S. ferrisi, Arizona, Pima Co., Redington, USNM ENT 0 0 142671, genitalia slide USNM 47328; 30, S. ferrisi, aedoeagus, same data." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/168947/files/figure.png" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">Fig. 33</figureCitation>
|
||
). In the female genitalia, the papillae anales are slightly larger and more slender with a shaper apex in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="FEBF4D68FFB3FFEDFEE0FB66FEF68F89" box="[264,328,1223,1248]" class="Insecta" family="Noctuidae" genus="Schinia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="erosa">
|
||
<emphasis id="0BCBEAF9FFB3FFEDFEE0FB66FEF68F89" box="[264,328,1223,1248]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">erosa</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation id="A1842A6EFFB3FFEDFEB6FB66FE058F88" box="[350,443,1223,1249]" captionStart="FIGURES 41 – 44" captionStartId="27.[264,382,1112,1136]" captionTargetBox="[290,1280,322,1078]" captionTargetId="figure@27.[249,1338,315,1088]" captionTargetPageId="27" captionText="FIGURES 41 – 44. Female genitalia. 41, S. erosa, California, San Diego Co., Sentenac Canyon, USNM ENT 0 0 143186, genitalia slide USNM 47162; 42, S. brunnea, California, San Bernardino Co., Loma Linda, USNM ENT 0 0 143167, genitalia slide USNM 46839; 43, S. erosa, papillae anales, same data as Fig. 41; 44, S. brunnea, papillae anales, same data as Fig. 42." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/168950/files/figure.png" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">Fig. 43</figureCitation>
|
||
); in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="FEBF4D68FFB3FFEDFE11FB66FDE58F89" box="[505,603,1223,1248]" class="Insecta" family="Noctuidae" genus="Schinia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="brunnea">
|
||
<emphasis id="0BCBEAF9FFB3FFEDFE11FB66FDE58F89" box="[505,603,1223,1248]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">brunnea</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation id="A1842A6EFFB3FFEDFD87FB66FD748F88" box="[623,714,1223,1249]" captionStart="FIGURES 41 – 44" captionStartId="27.[264,382,1112,1136]" captionTargetBox="[290,1280,322,1078]" captionTargetId="figure@27.[249,1338,315,1088]" captionTargetPageId="27" captionText="FIGURES 41 – 44. Female genitalia. 41, S. erosa, California, San Diego Co., Sentenac Canyon, USNM ENT 0 0 143186, genitalia slide USNM 47162; 42, S. brunnea, California, San Bernardino Co., Loma Linda, USNM ENT 0 0 143167, genitalia slide USNM 46839; 43, S. erosa, papillae anales, same data as Fig. 41; 44, S. brunnea, papillae anales, same data as Fig. 42." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/168950/files/figure.png" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">Fig. 44</figureCitation>
|
||
) they are somewhat shorter with a slightly more rounded apex.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="71A56560FFB3FFEDFED0FAB7FB828D20" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" type="description">
|
||
<paragraph id="390036EBFFB3FFEDFED0FAB7FB828D20" blockId="16.[264,1324,862,1889]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">
|
||
<emphasis id="0BCBEAF9FFB3FFEDFED0FAB7FE718E59" bold="true" box="[312,463,1302,1328]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">Description.</emphasis>
|
||
<emphasis id="0BCBEAF9FFB3FFEDFE33FAB6FDF48E59" box="[475,586,1303,1328]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">Abdomen</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation id="A1842A6EFFB3FFEDFDB5FAB6FD078E58" box="[605,697,1303,1329]" captionStart="FIGURES 19 – 24" captionStartId="23.[264,382,1167,1191]" captionTargetBox="[273,1310,326,1134]" captionTargetId="figure@23.[273,1329,326,1143]" captionTargetPageId="23" captionText="FIGURES 19 – 24. Second sternite of male abdomen. 19, Schinia tertia, Texas, Brazos Co., College Station, USNM ENT 0 0 142720, genitalia slide USNM 46835; 20, S. tertia, Utah, Utah Co., Vineyard, USNM ENT 0 0 143238, genitalia slide USNM 46817; 21, S. albafascia, California, San Bernardino Co., Ivanpah Mts., USNM ENT 0 0 142700, genitalia slide USNM 46814; 22, S. ferrisi, Arizona, Pima Co., Redington, USNM ENT 0 0 142671, genitalia slide USNM 47328; 23, S. erosa, California, Riverside Co., Indio, USNM ENT 0 0 143200, genitalia slide USNM 46842; 24, S. brunnea, California, San Bernardino Co., San Bernardino, USNM ENT 0 0 143179, genitalia slide USNM 47156." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/168946/files/figure.png" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">Fig. 23</figureCitation>
|
||
): Second sternite with vestigial hair pencil (usually only a few androconia) and welldeveloped scent pocket.
|
||
<emphasis id="0BCBEAF9FFB3FFEDFC2FFA9EFBC88E31" box="[967,1142,1343,1368]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">Male genitalia</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation id="A1842A6EFFB3FFEDFB62FA9EFAA08E30" box="[1162,1310,1343,1369]" captionStart="FIGURES 25 – 34" captionStartId="24.[264,382,1420,1444]" captionTargetBox="[347,1273,310,1388]" captionTargetId="figure@24.[276,1310,308,1397]" captionTargetPageId="24" captionText="FIGURES 25 – 34. Male genitalia. 25, Schinia tertia, Texas, Brewster Co., Alpine, USNM ENT 0 0 142723, genitalia slide USNM 46833; 26, S. tertia, aedoeagus, Texas, Carson Co., White Deer, USNM ENT 0 0 142739, genitalia slide USNM 46836; 27, S. albafascia, Utah, Wasatch Co., Midway, USNM ENT 0 0 142986, genitalia slide USNM 46827; 28, S. albafascia, aedoeagus, same data; 29, S. ferrisi, Arizona, Pima Co., Redington, USNM ENT 0 0 142671, genitalia slide USNM 47328; 30, S. ferrisi, aedoeagus, same data." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/168947/files/figure.png" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">Figs. 31–32</figureCitation>
|
||
): Uncus short, length 0.70–0.85 mm (mean = 0.78 + 0.051; n=6); valve short, length 2.15– 2.35 mm (mean = 2.25 + 0.089; n=6), length 7.65 + 0.71 X width (n=6); saccus narrowly Vshaped; vesica with 3 coils.
|
||
<emphasis id="0BCBEAF9FFB3FFEDFD98FA16FC898EB9" box="[624,823,1463,1488]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">Female genitalia</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation id="A1842A6EFFB3FFEDFCA0FA16FC678EB8" box="[840,985,1463,1489]" captionStart="FIGURES 41 – 44" captionStartId="27.[264,382,1112,1136]" captionTargetBox="[290,1280,322,1078]" captionTargetId="figure@27.[249,1338,315,1088]" captionTargetPageId="27" captionText="FIGURES 41 – 44. Female genitalia. 41, S. erosa, California, San Diego Co., Sentenac Canyon, USNM ENT 0 0 143186, genitalia slide USNM 47162; 42, S. brunnea, California, San Bernardino Co., Loma Linda, USNM ENT 0 0 143167, genitalia slide USNM 46839; 43, S. erosa, papillae anales, same data as Fig. 41; 44, S. brunnea, papillae anales, same data as Fig. 42." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/168950/files/figure.png" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">Figs. 41, 43</figureCitation>
|
||
): Papillae anales broadly triangulate, apex pointed; eighth segment with coarse scobinations; seventh segment with robust, moderate length setae in several rows along distal margin, concentrated dorsally on segment, extending to or shorter than distal margin of eighth segment.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="71A56560FFB3FFEDFED0F9F7FEE58D80" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" type="materials_examined">
|
||
<paragraph id="390036EBFFB3FFEDFED0F9F7FD488DF0" blockId="16.[264,1324,862,1889]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">
|
||
<emphasis id="0BCBEAF9FFB3FFEDFED0F9F7FE558D19" bold="true" box="[312,491,1622,1648]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">
|
||
<typeStatus id="E6048849FFB3FFEDFED0F9F7FECD8D19" box="[312,371,1622,1648]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">Type</typeStatus>
|
||
material.
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
<typeStatus id="E6048849FFB3FFEDFE1DF9F6FDD48D18" box="[501,618,1623,1649]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" type="lectotype">Lectotype</typeStatus>
|
||
male, in
|
||
<collectionCode id="5FAEAE2EFFB3FFEDFD3FF9F6FC8A8D18" LSID="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34925" box="[727,820,1623,1649]" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34925" name="American Museum of Natural History" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">AMNH</collectionCode>
|
||
, designated by
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="5D2E4B1AFFB3FFEDFC01F9F6FBC08D18" author="Todd" box="[1001,1150,1623,1649]" pageId="16" pageNumber="20" refString="Todd, E. L. (1982) The noctuid type material of John B. Smith (Lepidoptera). United States Department of Agriculture, Technical Bulletin, 1645, 1 - 228." type="journal article" year="1982">Todd (1982)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
<typeStatus id="E6048849FFB3FFEDFB61F9F6FB7D8D18" box="[1161,1219,1623,1649]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">Type</typeStatus>
|
||
locality: Utah [no specific locality]. Not examined.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="390036EBFFB3FFEDFED0F907FEE58D80" blockId="16.[264,1324,862,1889]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">
|
||
<emphasis id="0BCBEAF9FFB3FFEDFED0F907FDA08DA9" bold="true" box="[312,542,1702,1728]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">Larval food plant.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="FEBF4D68FFB3FFEDFDCEF906FCB78DA9" box="[550,777,1703,1728]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Asteraceae" genus="Isocoma" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asterales" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="acradenia">
|
||
<emphasis id="0BCBEAF9FFB3FFEDFDCEF906FCB78DA9" box="[550,777,1703,1728]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">Isocoma acradenia</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="FEBF4D68FFB3FFEDFCFAF906FEE88D80" authority="(E. Greene) E. Greene" authorityName="(E. Greene) E. Greene" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" rank="variety" variety="acradenia">
|
||
var.
|
||
<emphasis id="0BCBEAF9FFB3FFEDFCAEF906FC038DA9" box="[838,957,1703,1728]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">acradenia</emphasis>
|
||
(E. Greene) E. Greene (Asteraceae)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="71A56560FFB3FFECFED0F957FA968A97" lastPageId="17" lastPageNumber="18" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" type="biology_ecology">
|
||
<paragraph id="390036EBFFB3FFECFED0F957FCD18A37" blockId="16.[264,1324,862,1889]" lastBlockId="17.[264,1325,284,1433]" lastPageId="17" lastPageNumber="18" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">
|
||
<emphasis id="0BCBEAF9FFB3FFEDFED0F957FE228C79" bold="true" box="[312,412,1782,1808]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">Biology.</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="5D2E4B1AFFB3FFEDFE4DF956FDD18C78" author="Hardwick" box="[421,623,1783,1809]" pageId="16" pageNumber="20" refString="Hardwick, D. F. (1996) A Monograph to the North American Heliothentinae (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae). David F. Hardwick, Ottawa, Ontario, 281 pp." type="book" year="1996">Hardwick (1996)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
gave a detailed description of the life history and larva of
|
||
<emphasis id="0BCBEAF9FFB3FFEDFEE0F8BEFEF18C51" box="[264,335,1823,1848]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="FEBF4D68FFB3FFEDFEE0F8BEFEF58C51" box="[264,331,1823,1848]" class="Insecta" family="Noctuidae" genus="Schinia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="erosa">erosa</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
Larvae feed on the nominate variety of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="FEBF4D68FFB3FFEDFCCCF8BEFEEB8C08" authority="(Greene) Greene" authorityName="(Greene) Greene" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Asteraceae" genus="Isocoma" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asterales" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="acradenia">
|
||
<emphasis id="0BCBEAF9FFB3FFEDFCCCF8BEFBB88C51" box="[804,1030,1823,1848]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">Isocoma acradenia</emphasis>
|
||
(Greene) Greene (Asteraceae)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, Desert Goldenweed or Alkali Jimmy weed. Desert Goldenweed is a low shrub of alkaline soils, growing along seeps, springs, roadsides, and disturbed areas. It is associated with
|
||
<taxonomicName id="FEBF4D68FFB2FFECFEACFEE5FE1C8A34" box="[324,418,324,349]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Amaranthaceae" genus="Atriplex" kingdom="Plantae" order="Caryophyllales" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="0BCBEAF9FFB2FFECFEACFEE5FE1C8A34" box="[324,418,324,349]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">Atriplex</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="FEBF4D68FFB2FFECFE59FEE5FD9D8A34" box="[433,547,324,349]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Asteraceae" genus="Artemisia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asterales" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="0BCBEAF9FFB2FFECFE59FEE5FD9D8A34" box="[433,547,324,349]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">Artemisia</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="FEBF4D68FFB2FFECFDB4FEE5FCD58A37" authority="Kartesz 1987" authorityName="Kartesz" authorityYear="1987" box="[604,875,324,350]" class="Liliopsida" family="Poaceae" genus="Elymus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Poales" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="0BCBEAF9FFB2FFECFDB4FEE5FD0C8A34" box="[604,690,324,349]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">Elymus</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="5D2E4B1AFFB2FFECFD28FEE5FCDC8A37" author="Kartesz" box="[704,866,324,350]" pageId="17" pageNumber="20" refString="Kartesz, J. T. (1987) A Flora of Nevada. Unpublished Ph. D. Dissertation, University of Nevada, Reno." type="book" year="1987">Kartesz 1987</bibRefCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="390036EBFFB2FFECFED0FECAFA968A97" blockId="17.[264,1325,284,1433]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">
|
||
<emphasis id="0BCBEAF9FFB2FFECFED0FECAFE5B8AEC" bold="true" box="[312,485,363,389]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">Flight period.</emphasis>
|
||
The main flight seems to be from late summer into early November. Infrequent captures in early May probably are due to favorable weather conditions during particular years, and not evidence of a spring brood. The May specimens were collected only in 1918, the late summer and fall specimens were collected in several years (
|
||
<figureCitation id="A1842A6EFFB2FFECFB2BFE45FAA48A97" box="[1219,1306,484,510]" captionStart="FIGURE 45" captionStartId="28.[264,368,1064,1088]" captionTargetBox="[291,1307,347,1022]" captionTargetId="figure@28.[271,1315,326,1040]" captionTargetPageId="28" captionText="FIGURE 45. Flight periods of Schinia species." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/168951/files/figure.png" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">Fig. 45</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="71A56560FFB2FFECFED0FDAAFC278927" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" type="distribution">
|
||
<paragraph id="390036EBFFB2FFECFED0FDAAFC278927" blockId="17.[264,1325,284,1433]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">
|
||
<emphasis id="0BCBEAF9FFB2FFECFED0FDAAFE6F894C" bold="true" box="[312,465,523,549]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">Distribution</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation id="A1842A6EFFB2FFECFE0CFDADFDFE894F" box="[484,576,524,550]" captionStart="FIGURES 48 – 49" captionStartId="31.[264,382,1245,1269]" captionTargetBox="[273,1306,326,1213]" captionTargetId="figure@31.[242,1307,326,1221]" captionTargetPageId="31" captionText="FIGURES 48 – 49. Collecting localities for Schinia spp. 48, S. erosa, shaded area is distribution of host plant Isocoma acradenia var. acradenia (Asteraceae); 49, S. brunnea." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/157427/files/figure.png" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">Fig. 48</figureCitation>
|
||
). From desert areas east of the Peninsular Range of southern California and a single locality in south central Arizona.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="71A56560FFB2FFECFED0FDFAFE8088B7" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" type="materials_examined">
|
||
<paragraph id="390036EBFFB2FFECFED0FDFAFE8088B7" blockId="17.[264,1325,284,1433]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">
|
||
<emphasis id="0BCBEAF9FFB2FFECFED0FDFAFD6D891C" bold="true" box="[312,723,603,629]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">Material examined. ARIZONA:</emphasis>
|
||
MARICOPA CO., Phoenix, (1ɗ) male genitalia slide
|
||
<collectionCode id="5FAEAE2EFFB2FFECFEA3FD25FE1E89F7" LSID="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34871" box="[331,416,644,670]" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34871" name="Smithsonian Institution, National Museum of Natural History" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">USNM</collectionCode>
|
||
46826,
|
||
<date id="4D01102BFFB2FFECFDEEFD25FD9C89F7" box="[518,546,644,670]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" value="1916-09-23">16</date>
|
||
–23 Sep. (1ɗ), male genitalia slide
|
||
<collectionCode id="5FAEAE2EFFB2FFECFC30FD25FB9389F7" LSID="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34871" box="[984,1069,644,670]" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34871" name="Smithsonian Institution, National Museum of Natural History" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">USNM</collectionCode>
|
||
46845, Barnes Coll.
|
||
<emphasis id="0BCBEAF9FFB2FFECFEE0FD0DFE7089AF" bold="true" box="[264,462,684,710]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">CALIFORNIA:</emphasis>
|
||
RIVERSIDE CO., Chino Canyon, nr. Palm Springs (2ɗ); Coachella,
|
||
<date id="4D01102BFFB2FFECFAE5FD0DFE398987" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" value="1936-08-21">21 Aug. 1936</date>
|
||
(1Ψ); Indio (1Ψ),
|
||
<date id="4D01102BFFB2FFECFD99FD75FCBA8987" box="[625,772,724,750]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" value="1918-05-01">1 May 1918</date>
|
||
(3ɗ, 5Ψ), male genitalia slide
|
||
<collectionCode id="5FAEAE2EFFB2FFECFB93FD75FB6E8987" LSID="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34871" box="[1147,1232,724,750]" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34871" name="Smithsonian Institution, National Museum of Natural History" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">USNM</collectionCode>
|
||
46843, J.C. Bradley, Oct. (1Ψ), female genitalia slide
|
||
<collectionCode id="5FAEAE2EFFB2FFECFCDBFD5DFC36887F" LSID="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34871" box="[819,904,764,790]" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34871" name="Smithsonian Institution, National Museum of Natural History" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">USNM</collectionCode>
|
||
47161, Barnes Coll.,
|
||
<date id="4D01102BFFB2FFECFB78FD5DFA92887F" box="[1168,1324,764,790]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" value="1911-10-23">23 Oct. 1911</date>
|
||
(1Ψ),
|
||
<date id="4D01102BFFB2FFECFEA4FC85FE5D8857" box="[332,483,804,830]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" value="1911-10-27">27 Oct. 1911</date>
|
||
(1ɗ), male genitalia slide
|
||
<collectionCode id="5FAEAE2EFFB2FFECFCF0FC85FCD38857" LSID="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34871" box="[792,877,804,830]" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34871" name="Smithsonian Institution, National Museum of Natural History" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">USNM</collectionCode>
|
||
46842,
|
||
<date id="4D01102BFFB2FFECFC23FC85FC568857" box="[971,1000,804,830]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" value="1923-10-30">30</date>
|
||
Oct. 1923 (1Ψ), H.G. Dyar,
|
||
<date id="4D01102BFFB2FFECFEE0FCEDFE25880F" box="[264,411,844,870]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" value="1911-11-01">1 Nov. 1911</date>
|
||
(1Ψ).
|
||
<collectionCode id="5FAEAE2EFFB2FFECFE03FCEDFD98880F" box="[491,550,844,870]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">SAN</collectionCode>
|
||
BERNARDINO CO., San Bernardino, (1ɗ) male genitalia slide
|
||
<collectionCode id="5FAEAE2EFFB2FFECFEE0FCD5FEE388E7" LSID="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34871" box="[264,349,884,910]" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34871" name="Smithsonian Institution, National Museum of Natural History" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">USNM</collectionCode>
|
||
47160.
|
||
<collectionCode id="5FAEAE2EFFB2FFECFE55FCD5FDE488E7" box="[445,602,884,910]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">SAN DIEGO</collectionCode>
|
||
CO., Sentenac Canyon,
|
||
<date id="4D01102BFFB2FFECFC95FCD5FBA688E7" box="[893,1048,884,910]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" value="1935-09-22">22 Sep. 1935</date>
|
||
(1ɗ, 2Ψ), female genitalia slide
|
||
<collectionCode id="5FAEAE2EFFB2FFECFE6DFC3DFE6488DF" LSID="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34871" box="[389,474,924,950]" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34871" name="Smithsonian Institution, National Museum of Natural History" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">USNM</collectionCode>
|
||
47162, D. Meadows; The Narrows,
|
||
<date id="4D01102BFFB2FFECFC7DFC3DFB8B88DF" box="[917,1077,924,950]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" value="1935-09-22">22 Sep. 1935</date>
|
||
(1ɗ, 2Ψ), D. Meadows.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="71A56560FFB2FFECFED0FC4DFE158EF0" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" type="discussion">
|
||
<paragraph id="390036EBFFB2FFECFED0FC4DFD848FCF" blockId="17.[264,1325,284,1433]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">
|
||
<emphasis id="0BCBEAF9FFB2FFECFED0FC4DFE7D8F6F" bold="true" box="[312,451,1004,1030]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">Discussion.</emphasis>
|
||
The locality label of the
|
||
<typeStatus id="E6048849FFB2FFECFCE0FC4DFCCA8F6F" box="[776,884,1004,1030]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" type="lectotype">lectotype</typeStatus>
|
||
specimen of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="FEBF4D68FFB2FFECFBF2FC4DFBC58F6C" box="[1050,1147,1004,1029]" class="Insecta" family="Noctuidae" genus="Schinia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="erosa">
|
||
<emphasis id="0BCBEAF9FFB2FFECFBF2FC4DFBC58F6C" box="[1050,1147,1004,1029]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">S. erosa</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
designated by
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="5D2E4B1AFFB2FFECFEE0FBB5FE258F47" author="Todd" box="[264,411,1044,1070]" pageId="17" pageNumber="20" refString="Todd, E. L. (1982) The noctuid type material of John B. Smith (Lepidoptera). United States Department of Agriculture, Technical Bulletin, 1645, 1 - 228." type="journal article" year="1982">Todd (1982)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
is “Utah", but this is probably erroneous because all other records are from the Colorado and Mojave deserts of southern California and adjacent Arizona. The other 2
|
||
<typeStatus id="E6048849FFB2FFECFEE0FBC5FECC8F17" box="[264,370,1124,1150]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" type="syntype">syntypes</typeStatus>
|
||
,
|
||
<specimenCount id="2FB9FD62FFB2FFECFE95FBC5FE728F17" box="[381,460,1124,1150]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" type="male">1 male</specimenCount>
|
||
in USNM and
|
||
<specimenCount id="2FB9FD62FFB2FFECFD96FBC5FD5D8F17" box="[638,739,1124,1150]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" type="female">1 female</specimenCount>
|
||
in AMNH, are from Phoenix, Arizona, which is a more logical
|
||
<typeStatus id="E6048849FFB2FFECFE4BFB2DFE6B8FCF" box="[419,469,1164,1190]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">type</typeStatus>
|
||
locality.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="390036EBFFB2FFECFED0FB15FE158EF0" blockId="17.[264,1325,284,1433]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="5D2E4B1AFFB2FFECFED0FB15FD028FA7" author="Barnes" box="[312,700,1204,1230]" pageId="17" pageNumber="20" refString="Barnes, W. & McDunnough, J. (1917) Check list of the Lepidoptera of boreal America. Herald Press, Decatur, Illinois. ix, 392 pp." type="book" year="1917">Barnes and McDunnough (1917)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
treated
|
||
<taxonomicName id="FEBF4D68FFB2FFECFCF2FB15FCC68FA4" box="[794,888,1204,1229]" class="Insecta" family="Noctuidae" genus="Schinia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="erosa">
|
||
<emphasis id="0BCBEAF9FFB2FFECFCF2FB15FCC68FA4" box="[794,888,1204,1229]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">S. erosa</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
as a subspecies of
|
||
<emphasis id="0BCBEAF9FFB2FFECFBB1FB15FB468FA4" box="[1113,1272,1204,1229]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="FEBF4D68FFB2FFECFBB1FB15FB4B8FA4" box="[1113,1269,1204,1229]" class="Insecta" family="Noctuidae" genus="Schinia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="albafascia">S. albafascia</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
and this decision was followed by
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="5D2E4B1AFFB2FFECFD99FB7DFC6B8F9F" author="Franclemont" box="[625,981,1244,1270]" pageId="17" pageNumber="20" refString="Franclemont, J. G. & Todd, E. L. (1983) Noctuidae. In: Hodges, R. W., Dominick, T., Davis, D. R., Ferguson, D. C., Franclemont, J. G., Munroe, E. G. & Powell, J. A. (Eds.) Check list of the Lepidoptera of America North of Mexico. University Press, Cambridge, pp. 120 - 159." type="book chapter" year="1983">Franclemont and Todd (1983)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="5D2E4B1AFFB2FFECFC09FB7DFBC48F9F" author="Poole" box="[993,1146,1244,1270]" pageId="17" pageNumber="20" refString="Poole, R. W. (1989) Fascicle 118, Noctuidae. Lepidopterorum Catalogus (New Series). E. J. Brill and Flora and Fauna Publications, Leiden. xii, 1313 pp." type="book" year="1989">Poole (1989)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
and
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="5D2E4B1AFFB2FFECFB5DFB7DFE0D8E77" author="Poole" pageId="17" pageNumber="20" refString="Poole, R. W. & Gentili, P. (Eds.) (1996) Nomina Insecta Nearctica. A check list of the insects of North America, Volume 3: Diptera, Lepidoptera, Siphonaptera. Entomological Information Services, Rockville, Maryland, 1143 pp." type="book" year="1996">Poole and Gentili (1996)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
synonymized all subspecies, treating
|
||
<taxonomicName id="FEBF4D68FFB2FFECFC6DFAA5FC7B8E74" box="[901,965,1284,1309]" class="Insecta" family="Noctuidae" genus="Schinia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="erosa">
|
||
<emphasis id="0BCBEAF9FFB2FFECFC6DFAA5FC7B8E74" box="[901,965,1284,1309]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">erosa</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
as a synonym of
|
||
<emphasis id="0BCBEAF9FFB2FFECFB41FAA5FA958E74" box="[1193,1323,1284,1309]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="FEBF4D68FFB2FFECFB41FAA5FA998E74" box="[1193,1319,1284,1309]" class="Insecta" family="Noctuidae" genus="Schinia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="albafascia">albafascia</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="5D2E4B1AFFB2FFECFEE0FA8FFE6F8E21" author="Hardwick" box="[264,465,1326,1352]" pageId="17" pageNumber="20" refString="Hardwick, D. F. (1996) A Monograph to the North American Heliothentinae (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae). David F. Hardwick, Ottawa, Ontario, 281 pp." type="book" year="1996">Hardwick (1996)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
elevated
|
||
<taxonomicName id="FEBF4D68FFB2FFECFDA3FA8FFD358E2E" box="[587,651,1326,1351]" class="Insecta" family="Noctuidae" genus="Schinia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="erosa">
|
||
<emphasis id="0BCBEAF9FFB2FFECFDA3FA8FFD358E2E" box="[587,651,1326,1351]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">erosa</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
to species level based on host plant and distribution, and we agree with the latter on the basis of the host plant distribution and the characters discussed above.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |