170 lines
17 KiB
XML
170 lines
17 KiB
XML
<document id="55721A2406539BCF9A2E2F86311F002B" ID-CLB-Dataset="21780" ID-DOI="10.5852/ejt.2017.346" ID-GBIF-Dataset="39926986-58ae-4af8-831c-689b7c8dbbc6" ID-ISSN="2118-9773" ID-Zenodo-Dep="3866525" IM.bibliography_approvedBy="felipe" IM.illustrations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="existingObjects,plazi" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" IM.treatmentCitations_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1590777355030" checkinUser="carolina" docAuthor="Kime, Richard Desmond & Enghoff, Henrik" docDate="2017" docId="AE61D913FF80FFE7FD8E4880FE63F801" docLanguage="en" docName="ejt-2017-346.pdf.imf" docOrigin="European Journal of Taxonomy 346" docStyle="DocumentStyle:EF2B578F1D15862ADE45B0C07C620911.14:EJT.2018-.journal_article.type1" docStyleId="EF2B578F1D15862ADE45B0C07C620911" docStyleName="EJT.2018-.journal_article.type1" docStyleVersion="14" docTitle="Proteroiulus fuscus" docType="treatment" docVersion="10" lastPageNumber="34" masterDocId="5258A16BFFA1FFC6FFAD4B52FF8DFFDF" masterDocTitle="Atlas of European millipedes 2: Order Julida (Class Diplopoda)" masterLastPageNumber="299" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="34" updateTime="1698841943826" updateUser="ExternalLinkService" zenodo-license-document="CC-BY-3.0" zenodo-license-figures="CC-BY-3.0" zenodo-license-treatments="UNSPECIFIED">
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<mods:titleInfo id="76119D402A0F34C9FCF44F99A4561ED1">
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<mods:title id="E1E25FA6AE3D28DF759C06135D098A27">Atlas of European millipedes 2: Order Julida (Class Diplopoda)</mods:title>
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<mods:name id="384B62E4AAE7189E6EE0AD7F01D1C0DD" type="personal">
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<mods:namePart id="DB8CD47D48891269BF8FDB51CAD4FCBC">Kime, Richard Desmond</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="37FB1780923C0EC0E08DC9DE62EBEADA">Email: deskime 2 @ aol. com & urn: lsid: zoobank. org: author: 847 CC 68 F- 00 BF- 4 DAB- 8 E 53 - B 7 A 3384 D 66 C 1</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:nameIdentifier id="64F9369CCCC10D5B50C1BF3A41AE8B30" type="email">deskime2@aol.com</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:namePart id="91BA0E00D52CD22726F9BC2CD06EF5DA">Enghoff, Henrik</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="3B91AD25FBA8C2A40E0D2F7F39E1A87F">urn: lsid: zoobank. org: author: FB 09 A 817 - 000 D- 43 C 3 - BCC 4 - 2 BC 1 E 5373635 & Corresponding author: henghoff @ snm. ku. dk</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:nameIdentifier id="9CF6028CC2D95397B5E50D9EE79403B2" type="email">henghoff@snm.ku.dk</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:typeOfResource id="B6586C44BB9202D6DFB31D91301430DA">text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:title id="46C568E16485B4EFB5263C85BFFF65E8">European Journal of Taxonomy</mods:title>
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<mods:part id="8A85B4446B8E6E155E13D53F7A4891DC">
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<mods:date id="9D19671DDF46A8E2ACCF768F79EE66AE">2017</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="56216494AC7726ABF8814FF01BD99784">2017-08-29</mods:number>
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<mods:number id="9D0C595B5F44869798719E5B3DC9607B">346</mods:number>
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<treatment id="AE61D913FF80FFE7FD8E4880FE63F801" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3867780" ID-GBIF-Taxon="164393729" ID-Zenodo-Dep="3867780" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:AE61D913FF80FFE7FD8E4880FE63F801" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/AE61D913FF80FFE7FD8E4880FE63F801" lastPageNumber="34" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">
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<subSubSection id="6ED23B8EFF80FFE7FD8E4880FB9DFC33" box="[547,1040,977,1004]" pageId="33" pageNumber="34" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="26776805FF80FFE7FD8E4880FB9DFC33" blockId="33.[547,1040,977,1004]" box="[547,1040,977,1004]" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">
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<heading id="7D3FDF69FF80FFE7FD8E4880FB9DFC33" box="[547,1040,977,1004]" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">
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43.
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<taxonomicName id="E1C81386FF80FFE7FDE24883FB9DFC33" ID-CoL="4N3LJ" authority="(Am Stein, 1857)" baseAuthorityName="Am Stein" baseAuthorityYear="1857" box="[591,1040,977,1004]" class="Diplopoda" family="Blaniulidae" genus="Proteroiulus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Julida" pageId="33" pageNumber="34" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="fuscus">
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<emphasis id="14BCB417FF80FFE7FDE24883FCB1FC34" bold="true" box="[591,828,977,1004]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">Proteroiulus fuscus</emphasis>
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(Am Stein, 1857)
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</taxonomicName>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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||
</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="6ED23B8EFF80FFE7FF104F5EFD4BFBB3" pageId="33" pageNumber="34" type="reference_group">
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<paragraph id="26776805FF80FFE7FF104F5EFDC9FBF9" blockId="33.[189,764,1035,1132]" box="[189,580,1035,1062]" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">
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<treatmentCitationGroup id="06D84F2BFF80FFE7FF104F5EFDC9FBF9" box="[189,580,1035,1062]" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">
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<treatmentCitation id="A7694E14FF80FFE7FF104F5EFDC9FBF9" box="[189,580,1035,1062]" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">
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<taxonomicName id="E1C81386FF80FFE7FF104F5EFDCDFBF9" ID-CoL="LZY9" authority="Am Stein, 1857" authorityName="Am Stein" authorityYear="1857" box="[189,576,1035,1062]" class="Diplopoda" family="Blaniulidae" genus="Blaniulus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Julida" pageId="33" pageNumber="34" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="fuscus">
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<emphasis id="14BCB417FF80FFE7FF104F5EFEF3FBF9" box="[189,382,1036,1062]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">Blaniulus fuscus</emphasis>
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Am Stein, 1857
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</taxonomicName>
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.
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</treatmentCitation>
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</treatmentCitationGroup>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="26776805FF80FFE7FF104F7DFD71FB96" blockId="33.[189,764,1035,1132]" box="[189,764,1071,1097]" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">
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<treatmentCitationGroup id="06D84F2BFF80FFE7FF104F7DFD71FB96" box="[189,764,1071,1097]" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">
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<treatmentCitation id="A7694E14FF80FFE7FF104F7DFD71FB96" box="[189,764,1071,1097]" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">
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<taxonomicName id="E1C81386FF80FFE7FF104F7DFE3BFB96" ID-CoL="47PVY" baseAuthorityName="Leach" baseAuthorityYear="1814" box="[189,438,1071,1097]" class="Diplopoda" family="Blaniulidae" genus="Nopoiulus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Julida" pageId="33" pageNumber="34" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pulchellus">
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<emphasis id="14BCB417FF80FFE7FF104F7DFE3BFB96" box="[189,438,1071,1097]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">Nopoiulus pulchellus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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auct., not C.L. Koch, 1838.
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</treatmentCitation>
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</treatmentCitationGroup>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="26776805FF80FFE7FF104F00FD4BFBB3" blockId="33.[189,764,1035,1132]" box="[189,710,1106,1132]" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">
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<treatmentCitationGroup id="06D84F2BFF80FFE7FF104F00FD4BFBB3" box="[189,710,1106,1132]" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">
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<treatmentCitation id="A7694E14FF80FFE7FF104F00FD4BFBB3" box="[189,710,1106,1132]" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">
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<taxonomicName id="E1C81386FF80FFE7FF104F00FD4CFBB3" authority="Verhoeff, 1907" authorityName="Verhoeff" authorityYear="1907" box="[189,705,1106,1132]" class="Diplopoda" family="Blaniulidae" genus="Nopoiulus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Julida" pageId="33" pageNumber="34" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subSpecies" species="palmatus" subSpecies="coelebs">
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<emphasis id="14BCB417FF80FFE7FF104F00FD85FBB3" box="[189,520,1106,1132]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">Nopoiulus palmatus coelebs</emphasis>
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Verhoeff, 1907
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</taxonomicName>
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.
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</treatmentCitation>
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||
</treatmentCitationGroup>
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||
</paragraph>
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||
</subSubSection>
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||
<subSubSection id="6ED23B8EFF80FFE7FF104FDEFCFAFAE1" pageId="33" pageNumber="34" type="distribution">
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||
<paragraph id="26776805FF80FFE7FF104FDEFEDBFB79" blockId="33.[189,342,1164,1190]" box="[189,342,1164,1190]" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">
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||
<heading id="7D3FDF69FF80FFE7FF104FDEFEDBFB79" bold="true" box="[189,342,1164,1190]" fontSize="11" level="3" pageId="33" pageNumber="34" reason="3">
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||
<emphasis id="14BCB417FF80FFE7FF104FDEFEDBFB79" bold="true" box="[189,342,1164,1190]" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">Distribution</emphasis>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="26776805FF80FFE7FF104FE9FCFAFAE1" blockId="33.[189,1399,1210,1342]" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">
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AT, BE, BG, BY,
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<collectingCountry id="5EDF2895FF80FFE7FE274FE8FE3BFB0B" box="[394,438,1210,1236]" name="Switzerland" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">CH</collectingCountry>
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, CZ, DE, DK-DEN, DK-FOR, EE, ES-CAN, FI, FR-FRA, GB-CI, GB-GRB, GB- NI, HU, IE, IS, IT-ITA, IT-SI, LT, LU, LV, NL, NO-NOR, PL, PT-AZO, PT-MDR, RU-KGD, RU-RUC, RU-RUE, RU-RUN, RU-RUW, RU-RUS, SE, SK, UA. Northern, Eastern and Central Europe. – Also introduced into
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<collectingCountry id="5EDF2895FF80FFE7FEDA4E76FE5FFAE1" box="[375,466,1316,1342]" name="Canada" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">Canada</collectingCountry>
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,
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<collectingCountry id="5EDF2895FF80FFE7FE704E76FD96FAE1" box="[477,539,1316,1342]" name="United States of America" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">USA</collectingCountry>
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,
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<collectingCountry id="5EDF2895FF80FFE7FD8A4E76FD31FAE1" box="[551,700,1316,1342]" name="South Africa" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">South Africa</collectingCountry>
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and
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<collectingCountry id="5EDF2895FF80FFE7FD584E76FCFEFAE1" box="[757,883,1316,1342]" name="Saint Helena, Ascension and Tristan da Cunha" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">St. Helena</collectingCountry>
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.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="6ED23B8EFF80FFE7FF104E37FC3EF93E" pageId="33" pageNumber="34" type="biology_ecology">
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<paragraph id="26776805FF80FFE7FF104E37FE90FAA0" blockId="33.[189,285,1381,1407]" box="[189,285,1381,1407]" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">
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||
<heading id="7D3FDF69FF80FFE7FF104E37FE90FAA0" bold="true" box="[189,285,1381,1407]" fontSize="11" level="3" pageId="33" pageNumber="34" reason="3">
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<emphasis id="14BCB417FF80FFE7FF104E37FE90FAA0" bold="true" box="[189,285,1381,1407]" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">Habitat</emphasis>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="26776805FF80FFE7FF104EC6FA8DF9E3" blockId="33.[189,1399,1428,1596]" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">
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Subcorticolous on many kinds of trees, both deciduous and coniferous, for most of its life cycle and found in a wide variety of wooded biotopes (forest tundra, taiga, mixed and deciduous forests and forest-steppe). It is to be found in leaf litter and in the soil, seasonally. Trapping on trees and on the ground indicates that it tends to disperse in autumn and winter, at least in the more temperate areas. It is associated with non-calcareous soils and peaty soils in particular (
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<bibRefCitation id="425915F4FF80FFE7FC6F4D73FBF9F9E4" author="Tajovsky K." box="[962,1140,1569,1595]" pageId="33" pageNumber="34" pagination="137 - 152" refId="ref62332" refString="Tajovsky K. 1998. Mnohonozky (Diplopoda) a Suchozemsti Stejnonozci (Oniscidea) Narodniho Parku Podyji. Thayensia (Zmojmo) 1: 137 - 152." type="journal article" year="1998">Tajovský 1998</bibRefCitation>
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;
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<bibRefCitation id="425915F4FF80FFE7FB2D4D73FB79F9E3" author="Lee P." box="[1152,1268,1569,1596]" pageId="33" pageNumber="34" refId="ref59549" refString="Lee P. 2006. Atlas of the Millipedes (Diplopoda) of Britain and Ireland. Pensoft, Sofia." type="book" year="2006">Lee 2006</bibRefCitation>
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).
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="26776805FF80FFE7FF104D31FB82F9A3" blockId="33.[189,1039,1634,1661]" box="[189,1039,1634,1661]" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">It is sometimes the only millipede found in very dry pinewoods on sand.</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="26776805FF80FFE7FF104DF6FC3EF93E" blockId="33.[189,1398,1700,1762]" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">
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South of about
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||
<geoCoordinate id="43FC0EC2FF80FFE7FED94DF6FE36F961" box="[372,443,1700,1726]" degrees="48" direction="north" orientation="latitude" pageId="33" pageNumber="34" precision="55555" value="48.0">48° N</geoCoordinate>
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it is generally only found in mountainous terrain, for instance, in
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<collectingCountry id="5EDF2895FF80FFE7FB604DF6FAD4F961" box="[1229,1369,1700,1726]" name="Switzerland" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">Switzerland</collectingCountry>
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||
at altitudes of between
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||
<quantity id="E130C5E0FF80FFE7FE1C4D95FE76F93E" box="[433,507,1735,1761]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.0" pageId="33" pageNumber="34" unit="m" value="400.0">400 m</quantity>
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||
and
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<quantity id="E130C5E0FF80FFE7FD994D95FD00F93E" box="[564,653,1735,1762]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.525" pageId="33" pageNumber="34" unit="m" value="1525.0">1525 m</quantity>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="425915F4FF80FFE7FD314D95FC2BF93E" author="Pedroli-Christen A." box="[668,934,1735,1761]" pageId="33" pageNumber="34" pagination="1 - 245" refId="ref60791" refString="Pedroli-Christen A. 1993. Faunistique des mille-pattes de Suisse (Diplopoda). Documenta Faunistica Helvetiae 14: 1 - 245." type="journal article" year="1993">Pedroli-Christen 1993</bibRefCitation>
|
||
).
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</paragraph>
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||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="6ED23B8EFF80FFE7FF104C5AFE63F801" pageId="33" pageNumber="34" type="discussion">
|
||
<paragraph id="26776805FF80FFE7FF104C5AFEA2F8FD" blockId="33.[189,303,1800,1826]" box="[189,303,1800,1826]" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">
|
||
<heading id="7D3FDF69FF80FFE7FF104C5AFEA2F8FD" bold="true" box="[189,303,1800,1826]" fontSize="11" level="3" pageId="33" pageNumber="34" reason="3">
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||
<emphasis id="14BCB417FF80FFE7FF104C5AFEA2F8FD" bold="true" box="[189,303,1800,1826]" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">Remarks</emphasis>
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||
</heading>
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||
</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="26776805FF80FFE7FF104C65FE63F801" blockId="33.[189,1399,1847,2014]" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">
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A hardy species, very common in northern Europe, declining southwards, absent from much of
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<collectingCountry id="5EDF2895FF80FFE7FAB24C65FAFFF88E" box="[1311,1394,1847,1873]" name="France" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">France</collectingCountry>
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||
,
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<collectingCountry id="5EDF2895FF80FFE7FF104C08FE89F8AB" box="[189,260,1882,1908]" name="Georgia" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">Iberia</collectingCountry>
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||
,
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<collectingCountry id="5EDF2895FF80FFE7FEBE4C08FEC4F8AB" box="[275,329,1882,1908]" name="Italy" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">Italy</collectingCountry>
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and the Balkans. Found further north than any other species of millipede, in the foresttundra of the Yamal Peninsula. Males are very rare, and
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<taxonomicName id="E1C81386FF80FFE7FCEB4C2CFC27F848" authorityName="Am Stein" authorityYear="1857" box="[838,938,1917,1943]" class="Diplopoda" family="Blaniulidae" genus="Blaniulus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Julida" pageId="33" pageNumber="34" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="fuscus">
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<emphasis id="14BCB417FF80FFE7FCEB4C2CFC27F848" box="[838,938,1917,1943]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">P. fuscus</emphasis>
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||
</taxonomicName>
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is regarded as a purely parthenogenetic species (
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<bibRefCitation id="425915F4FF80FFE7FE8F4CF2FE46F864" author="Enghoff H." box="[290,459,1952,1979]" pageId="33" pageNumber="34" pagination="73 - 85" refId="ref56228" refString="Enghoff H. 1978. Parthenogenesis and spanandry in millipedes. Abhandlungen und Verhandlungen des naturwissenschaftlichen Vereins Hamburg (NF) 21 / 22: 73 - 85." type="journal article" year="1978">Enghoff 1978</bibRefCitation>
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). The record from the Faeroe Islands is based on a juvenile and hence doubtful (
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<bibRefCitation id="425915F4FF80FFE7FF684C91FE6CF801" author="Meidell B. A. & Solhoy T." box="[197,481,1987,2014]" pageId="33" pageNumber="34" pagination="413 - 427" refId="ref60212" refString="Meidell B. A. & Solhoy T. 1990. Terrestrial invertebrates of the Faeroe Islands: VI. Centipedes (Chilopoda) and millipedes (Diplopoda). Check-list, distribution and habitats. In: Minelli A. (ed.) Proceedings of the 7 th International Congress of Myriapodology: 413 - 427. E. J. Brill, Leiden." type="book chapter" year="1990">Meidell & Solhøy 1990</bibRefCitation>
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).
|
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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</treatment>
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</document> |