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<document ID-DOI="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/mycokeys.66.39057" ID-GBIF-Dataset="64ac6eb7-e890-48f0-bb78-5ca76f61a2a8" ID-PMC="PMC7195383" ID-Pensoft-Pub="1314-4049-66-135" ID-Pensoft-UUID="F42954DB4B2458F18788E9662076FE90" ID-PubMed="32377155" ModsDocID="1314-4049-66-135" checkinTime="1587800076089" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Zhang, Yan-Yun, Wang, Xin-Yu, Li, Li-Juan, Printzen, Christian, Timdal, Einar, Niu, Dong-Ling, Yin, An-Cheng, Wang, Shi-Qiong &amp; Wang, Li-Song" docDate="2020" docId="AE28E86001785E24B986BE3D0AC7F726" docLanguage="en" docName="MycoKeys 66: 135-157" docOrigin="MycoKeys 66" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/mycokeys.66.39057" docTitle="Rhizoplaca pachyphylla Y. Y. Zhang 2020, comb. nov." docType="treatment" docVersion="4" id="F42954DB4B2458F18788E9662076FE90" lastPageNumber="135" masterDocId="F42954DB4B2458F18788E9662076FE90" masterDocTitle="Squamarina (lichenised fungi) species described from China belong to at least three unrelated genera" masterLastPageNumber="157" masterPageNumber="135" pageNumber="135" updateTime="1668136434806" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:titleInfo>
<mods:title>Squamarina (lichenised fungi) species described from China belong to at least three unrelated genera</mods:title>
</mods:titleInfo>
<mods:name type="personal">
<mods:role>
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart>Zhang, Yan-Yun</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation>CAS Key Laboratory for Plant Diversity and Biogeography of East Asia, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, Yunnan 650201, China &amp; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China</mods:affiliation>
<mods:nameIdentifier type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0902-5066</mods:nameIdentifier>
</mods:name>
<mods:name type="personal">
<mods:role>
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart>Wang, Xin-Yu</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation>CAS Key Laboratory for Plant Diversity and Biogeography of East Asia, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, Yunnan 650201, China</mods:affiliation>
<mods:nameIdentifier type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2166-6111</mods:nameIdentifier>
</mods:name>
<mods:name type="personal">
<mods:role>
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart>Li, Li-Juan</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation>CAS Key Laboratory for Plant Diversity and Biogeography of East Asia, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, Yunnan 650201, China &amp; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China</mods:affiliation>
</mods:name>
<mods:name type="personal">
<mods:role>
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart>Printzen, Christian</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation>Department of Botany and Molecular Evolution, Senckenberg Research Institute, 60325 Frankfurt am Main, Germany</mods:affiliation>
</mods:name>
<mods:name type="personal">
<mods:role>
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart>Timdal, Einar</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation>Natural History Museum, University of Oslo, P. O. Box 1172, Blindern, N- 0318 Oslo, Norway</mods:affiliation>
</mods:name>
<mods:name type="personal">
<mods:role>
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart>Niu, Dong-Ling</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation>Department of Life Science, Ningxia University, Yinchuan, Ningxia 750021, China</mods:affiliation>
</mods:name>
<mods:name type="personal">
<mods:role>
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart>Yin, An-Cheng</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation>CAS Key Laboratory for Plant Diversity and Biogeography of East Asia, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, Yunnan 650201, China</mods:affiliation>
</mods:name>
<mods:name type="personal">
<mods:role>
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart>Wang, Shi-Qiong</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation>CAS Key Laboratory for Plant Diversity and Biogeography of East Asia, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, Yunnan 650201, China</mods:affiliation>
</mods:name>
<mods:name type="personal">
<mods:role>
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart>Wang, Li-Song</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation>CAS Key Laboratory for Plant Diversity and Biogeography of East Asia, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, Yunnan 650201, China</mods:affiliation>
<mods:nameIdentifier type="email">wanglisong@mail.kib.ac.cn</mods:nameIdentifier>
</mods:name>
<mods:typeOfResource>text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:titleInfo>
<mods:title>MycoKeys</mods:title>
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<mods:part>
<mods:date>2020</mods:date>
<mods:detail type="volume">
<mods:number>66</mods:number>
</mods:detail>
<mods:extent unit="page">
<mods:start>135</mods:start>
<mods:end>157</mods:end>
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<mods:location>
<mods:url>http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/mycokeys.66.39057</mods:url>
</mods:location>
<mods:classification>journal article</mods:classification>
<mods:identifier type="DOI">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/mycokeys.66.39057</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier type="Pensoft-Pub">1314-4049-66-135</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier type="Pensoft-UUID">F42954DB4B2458F18788E9662076FE90</mods:identifier>
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<treatment ID-GBIF-Taxon="163742741" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:AE28E86001785E24B986BE3D0AC7F726" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/AE28E86001785E24B986BE3D0AC7F726" lastPageNumber="135" pageId="0" pageNumber="135">
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="135" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="135">
<taxonomicName LSID="AE28E860-0178-5E24-B986-BE3D0AC7F726" authority="(H. Magn.) Y. Y. Zhang" authorityName="Y. Y. Zhang" authorityYear="2020" baseAuthorityName="Y. Y. Zhang" baseAuthorityYear="2020" class="Lecanoromycetes" family="Stereocaulaceae" genus="Rhizoplaca" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Fungi" lsidName="Rhizoplaca pachyphylla" order="Lecanorales" pageId="0" pageNumber="135" phylum="Ascomycota" rank="species" species="pachyphylla" status="comb. nov.">Rhizoplaca pachyphylla (H. Magn.) Y. Y. Zhang</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel pageId="0" pageNumber="135">comb. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="F3" captionText="Figure 3. Rhizoplaca callichroa (A-D KUN-L 19 - 62900): A habit B apothecial anatomy (LCB) C ascus and spores (Lugol's) D section of pycnidia (LCB). R. pachyphylla (E-H KUN-L 18 - 59446): E habit F section of apothecia G ascus and spores (LCB) H section of thallus (LCB). Scale bars: 100 μm (B, F, H); 10 μm (C, G); 20 μm (D)." figureDoi="10.3897/mycokeys.66.39057.figure3" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/403703" pageId="0" pageNumber="135">Fig. 3E-H</figureCitation>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="135" type="reference_group">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="135">
<taxonomicName class="Lecanoromycetes" family="Stereocaulaceae" genus="Lecanora" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Fungi" lsidName="Lecanora pachyphylla" order="Lecanorales" pageId="0" pageNumber="135" phylum="Ascomycota" rank="species" species="pachyphylla">Lecanora pachyphylla</taxonomicName>
H. Magn., Lichens from Central Asia 1: 120-121 (1940) (Basionym) ≡
<taxonomicName authorityName="J. C. Wei" authorityYear="1991" baseAuthorityName="H. Magn." class="Lecanoromycetes" family="Stereocaulaceae" genus="Squamarina" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Fungi" lsidName="Squamarina pachyphylla" order="Lecanorales" pageId="0" pageNumber="135" phylum="Ascomycota" rank="species" species="pachyphylla">Squamarina pachyphylla</taxonomicName>
(H. Magn.) J.C. Wei, Enumeration of Lichens in China: 232 (1991).Type: China, Gansu Province, 3800-3850 m elev., on rock, 1932, Birger Bohlin (S-Holotype!).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="135" type="description">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="135">Description.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="135">
Thallus saxicolous, areolate without lobate margin, to 4 cm across, to 5 mm thick; areoles continuous, plane to slightly convex, 1-2 mm across; upper surface yellow, densely shallow rimose; lower side with thick, grey to white hypothallus. Upper cortex uneven, filled with yellowish-brown granules dissolving in KOH, 32-48
<normalizedToken originalValue="μm">μm</normalizedToken>
thick, algal layer continuous, variable in height, 80-128
<normalizedToken originalValue="μm">μm</normalizedToken>
; medulla very thick, filled with grey to pale brown granules; lower cortex lacking.
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="135">
Apothecia common, usually densely grouped, irregular in shape, up to 5 mm in diam.; disc black, pruinose at the centre, plane when young, strongly concave with age; thalline margin thin and crenate, strongly bending towards inside with age; hymenium colourless, I+ blue, ca. 50
<normalizedToken originalValue="μm">μm</normalizedToken>
high; epihymenium containing yellowish-brown granules, ca. 9.5
<normalizedToken originalValue="μm">μm</normalizedToken>
high; subhymenium and hypothecium colourless; paraphyses evenly septate, simple, 2-3
<normalizedToken originalValue="μm">μm</normalizedToken>
in diam., apex more or less swollen and bluish-green, ca. 4.5
<normalizedToken originalValue="μm">μm</normalizedToken>
in diam.; ascus
<taxonomicName class="Arthoniomycetes" family="Arthoniaceae" genus="Lecanora" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Fungi" lsidName="Lecanora" order="Arthoniales" pageId="0" pageNumber="135" phylum="Ascomycota" rank="genus">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="135">Lecanora</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
-type, 8-spored; ascospores regular in shape, ellipsoid, colourless, 5.8-8
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
3-4.5
<normalizedToken originalValue="μm">μm</normalizedToken>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="135" type="chemistry">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="135">Chemistry.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="135">Upper cortex K-, C-, P-, medulla K-, C-, P-; usnic acid and traces of unknown substances.</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="135" type="ecology">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="135">Ecology and distribution.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="135">Growing on rock at elevations of 3291-3909 m. Only known from Gansu Prov., China.</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="135" type="notes">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="135">Notes.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="135">
The holotype grows on rock with
<taxonomicName class="Lecanoromycetes" family="Lecideaceae" genus="Lecidea" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Fungi" lsidName="Lecidea tessellata" order="Lecideales" pageId="0" pageNumber="135" phylum="Ascomycota" rank="species" species="tessellata">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="135">Lecidea tessellata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<normalizedToken originalValue="Flörke">Floerke</normalizedToken>
,
<taxonomicName class="Arthoniomycetes" family="Arthoniaceae" genus="Lecanora" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Fungi" lsidName="Lecanora asiatica" order="Arthoniales" pageId="0" pageNumber="135" phylum="Ascomycota" rank="species" species="asiatica">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="135">Lecanora asiatica</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
H. Magn. and
<taxonomicName class="Lecanoromycetes" family="Teloschistaceae" genus="Xanthoria" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Fungi" lsidName="Xanthoria elegans" order="Teloschistales" pageId="0" pageNumber="135" phylum="Ascomycota" rank="species" species="elegans">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="135">Xanthoria elegans</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(Link) Th. Fr. and contains numerous apothecia.
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="135">
This species was originally described as a
<taxonomicName class="Arthoniomycetes" family="Arthoniaceae" genus="Lecanora" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Fungi" lsidName="Lecanora" order="Arthoniales" pageId="0" pageNumber="135" phylum="Ascomycota" rank="genus">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="135">Lecanora</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
by
<bibRefCitation author="Magnusson, AH" journalOrPublisher="The Bryologist" pageId="0" pageNumber="135" refId="B10" refString="Magnusson, AH, 1940. Lichens from Central Asia. Stockholm, 5-167." title="Lichens from Central Asia. Stockholm, 5 - 167." year="1940">Magnusson (1940)</bibRefCitation>
and transferred to
<taxonomicName authorityName="Poelt" authorityYear="1958" class="Lecanoromycetes" family="Stereocaulaceae" genus="Squamarina" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Fungi" lsidName="Squamarina" order="Lecanorales" pageId="0" pageNumber="135" phylum="Ascomycota" rank="genus">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="135">Squamarina</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
by
<bibRefCitation author="Wei, JC" journalOrPublisher="International Academic Publishers, Beijing" pageId="0" pageNumber="135" refId="B18" refString="Wei, JC, 1991. An Enumeration of Lichens in China. International Academic Publishers, Beijing" title="An Enumeration of Lichens in China." year="1991">Wei (1991)</bibRefCitation>
. It is characterised by the yellowish, areolate and very thick thallus, the black lecanorine apothecia and the very small ascospores. We transfer this species to
<taxonomicName authorityName="Zopf" authorityYear="1905" class="Lecanoromycetes" family="Lecanoraceae" genus="Rhizoplaca" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Fungi" lsidName="Rhizoplaca" order="Lecanorales" pageId="0" pageNumber="135" phylum="Ascomycota" rank="genus">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="135">Rhizoplaca</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, primarily based on the phylogenetic results (Fig.
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 4" captionStartId="F4" captionText="Figure 4. Maximum Likelihood phylogeny of the genus Rhizoplaca and related genera of Lecanoraceae, based on combined nrITS, nrLSU, RPB 1, RPB 2 and mtSSU. ML bootstrap value ≥ 70 % and posterior probabilities ≥ 0.95 from the Bayesian analysis are given adjacent to nodes." figureDoi="10.3897/mycokeys.66.39057.figure4" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/403704" pageId="0" pageNumber="135">4</figureCitation>
) and also based on the yellow thallus, the large, concave apothecia with margins bending towards the inside and the
<taxonomicName class="Arthoniomycetes" family="Arthoniaceae" genus="Lecanora" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Fungi" lsidName="Lecanora" order="Arthoniales" pageId="0" pageNumber="135" phylum="Ascomycota" rank="genus">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="135">Lecanora</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
-type ascus.
<taxonomicName authorityName="Y. Y. Zhang" authorityYear="2020" baseAuthorityName="Y. Y. Zhang" baseAuthorityYear="2020" class="Lecanoromycetes" family="Lecanoraceae" genus="Rhizoplaca" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Fungi" lsidName="Rhizoplaca pachyphylla" order="Lecanorales" pageId="0" pageNumber="135" phylum="Ascomycota" rank="species" species="pachyphylla">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="135">Rhizoplaca pachyphylla</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is phylogenetically closely related to
<taxonomicName lsidName="R. callichroa" pageId="0" pageNumber="135" rank="species" species="callichroa">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="135">R. callichroa</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName lsidName="R. chrysoleuca" pageId="0" pageNumber="135" rank="species" species="chrysoleuca">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="135">R. chrysoleuca</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName lsidName="R. huashanensis" pageId="0" pageNumber="135" rank="species" species="huashanensis">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="135">R. huashanensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, but differs in the very thick and areolate thallus without lobate margin and the very small ascospores, 5.8-8
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
3-4.5
<normalizedToken originalValue="μm">μm</normalizedToken>
.
<taxonomicName authorityName="R. Sant" authorityYear="1984" baseAuthorityName="Nyl." class="Lecanoromycetes" family="Lecanoraceae" genus="Rhizoplaca" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Fungi" lsidName="Rhizoplaca subdiscrepans" order="Lecanorales" pageId="0" pageNumber="135" phylum="Ascomycota" rank="species" species="subdiscrepans">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="135">Rhizoplaca subdiscrepans</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is similar to
<taxonomicName lsidName="R. pachyphylla" pageId="0" pageNumber="135" rank="species" species="pachyphylla">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="135">R. pachyphylla</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
in the squamulose thallus, but differs in the orange apothecia, longer ascospores, 7-12
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
3.5-4.5
<normalizedToken originalValue="μm">μm</normalizedToken>
, and the presence of pseudoplacodiolic or placodiolic acids.
<taxonomicName authorityName="Leuckert &amp; Poelt" authorityYear="1977" baseAuthorityName="DC." class="Lecanoromycetes" family="Lecanoraceae" genus="Rhizoplaca" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Fungi" lsidName="Rhizoplaca melanophthalma" order="Lecanorales" pageId="0" pageNumber="135" phylum="Ascomycota" rank="species" species="melanophthalma">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="135">Rhizoplaca melanophthalma</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(DC.) Leuckert is also similar to the species in having black apothecia, but differs in the umbilicate thallus and the larger ascospores, 6.5-12
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
4-7
<normalizedToken originalValue="μm">μm</normalizedToken>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="135" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="135">Specimens examined (KUN-L).</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="135">
China: Gansu Province: Shubei Co., Mengke Glacier, 3942 m elev.,
<geoCoordinate degrees="39" direction="north" minutes="12" orientation="latitude" precision="925" value="39.2">39°12'N</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate degrees="95" direction="east" minutes="23" orientation="longitude" precision="925" value="95.38333">95°23'E</geoCoordinate>
, on rock, 2018, Li-Song Wang et al. 18-59446, 18-59466, 3785 m elev., on rock, 2018, Li-Song Wang et al. 18-59482; Yumen Ci., Yuerhong Vi., 3291 m elev.,
<geoCoordinate degrees="39" direction="north" minutes="50" orientation="latitude" precision="925" value="39.833332">39°50'N</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate degrees="96" direction="east" minutes="45" orientation="longitude" precision="925" value="96.75">96°45'E</geoCoordinate>
, on rock, 2018, Li-Song Wang et al. 18-59560, 18-59561.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>