136 lines
19 KiB
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136 lines
19 KiB
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<document ID-CLB-Dataset="21253" ID-DOI="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.961.54846" ID-GBIF-Dataset="a5c61646-70dc-471b-9bd8-0b407e1cedc4" ID-PMC="PMC7449986" ID-Pensoft-Pub="1313-2970-961-1" ID-Pensoft-UUID="634A9CDA65075FEE8D7C196F5E37F6FC" ID-PubMed="32904058" ID-ZooBank="C5E8BED7F08549A999C60C3AA8492D09" ModsDocID="1313-2970-961-1" checkinTime="1597940209253" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Breedy, Odalisca & Guzman, Hector M." docDate="2020" docId="ACCA435D0E3E5971AC951C697C739469" docLanguage="en" docName="ZooKeys 961: 1-30" docOrigin="ZooKeys 961" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.961.54846" docTitle="Psammogorgia Verrill 1868" docType="treatment" docVersion="6" id="634A9CDA65075FEE8D7C196F5E37F6FC" lastPageNumber="1" masterDocId="634A9CDA65075FEE8D7C196F5E37F6FC" masterDocTitle="A revision of the genus Psammogorgia Verrill, 1868 (Cnidaria, Anthozoa, Octocorallia) in the tropical eastern Pacific Ocean" masterLastPageNumber="30" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="1" updateTime="1732748309243" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:title id="41A154DF8475648D84B4C8D41A3B170E">A revision of the genus Psammogorgia Verrill, 1868 (Cnidaria, Anthozoa, Octocorallia) in the tropical eastern Pacific Ocean</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="C2B12F858718F421EBAC38486AFEF041">Breedy, Odalisca</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="76ABA47F4A034701B0A2B35904CD2818">Centro de Investigacion en Estructuras Microscopicas, Centro de Investigacion en Ciencias del Mar y Limnologia, Escuela de Biologia, Universidad de Costa Rica. P. O. Box 11501 - 2060, Universidad de Costa Rica, San Jose, Costa Rica & Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute, P. O. Box 0843 - 03092, Panama, Republic of Panama</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:nameIdentifier id="2A30DACB99786E2B990F53CCD876B102" type="email">odaliscab@gmail.com</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:namePart id="EB81C799DF61E495C62C1753BC9C07DE">Guzman, Hector M.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="4A1A37041EB8B14D45D0F240CDA19B8F">Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute, P. O. Box 0843 - 03092, Panama, Republic of Panama</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:typeOfResource id="A7703BE4D1610066F22660EFEC894A91">text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:title id="008AC177FB3DE1056804CBB557C09925">ZooKeys</mods:title>
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<mods:date id="F3E159D90047C456E0CF982BC60B3AE5">2020</mods:date>
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<mods:detail id="C74DF088EBBB3617AA3EE9FB4B50F841" type="volume">
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<mods:number id="0650115852E2EDA167C4EA5200270FC5">961</mods:number>
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<mods:url id="5779114133E6C2D86B77F9A8E99E3C89">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.961.54846</mods:url>
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<mods:classification id="98DC9AE4EA978AC0B6964C862C3B2A06">journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier id="9F53C4444CA89EF53B45BBA3B17160F9" type="DOI">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.961.54846</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="ACCA435D0E3E5971AC951C697C739469" ID-GBIF-Taxon="167284432" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:ACCA435D0E3E5971AC951C697C739469" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/ACCA435D0E3E5971AC951C697C739469" lastPageNumber="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" scope_class="Anthozoa" scope_family="Plexauridae" scope_order="Alcyonacea" scope_phylum="Cnidaria" scope_subClass="Octocorallia">
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<subSubSection id="8263455D2B463A0A907BFA738A92B7D8" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="FBE1890615B1E15E9E0A5450E663A290" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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Genus
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<taxonomicName id="0FC52BF0A0982F4C9C3315FB5DFA6782" ID-CoL="84SVG" LSID="ACCA435D-0E3E-5971-AC95-1C697C739469" authority="Verrill, 1868" authorityName="Verrill" authorityYear="1868" class="Anthozoa" family="Plexauridae" genus="Psammogorgia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Psammogorgia" order="Alcyonacea" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="genus">Psammogorgia Verrill, 1868</taxonomicName>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C17BD3C97D4B33E3E61C13C0207CAFF6" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="reference_group">
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<paragraph id="D384DCF8E863CB7D622A33D41379EC05" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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<taxonomicName id="BC10AF7A8D7A70C78EE4AECEDA5EC214" authorityName="Verrill" authorityYear="1868" class="Anthozoa" family="Plexauridae" genus="Psammogorgia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Psammogorgia" order="Alcyonacea" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="genus">Psammogorgia</taxonomicName>
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Verrill, 1868a: 414;
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<bibRefCitation id="AFA6DFA11CCB68070336AD7FEFEF09A6" author="Verrill, AE" journalOrPublisher="Transactions of the Connecticut Academy of Arts and Sciences, (Second Edition)" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="377 - 558" publicationUrl="https://biodiversitylibrary.org/page/13465394" refId="B41" refString="Verrill, AE, 1868b. Notes on Radiata in the Museum of Yale College, with descriptions of new genera and species. No. 6. Review of the corals and polyps of the West Coast of America. Transactions of the Connecticut Academy of Arts and Sciences, (Second Edition) 1 (2): 377 - 558, https://biodiversitylibrary.org/page/13465394" title="Notes on Radiata in the Museum of Yale College, with descriptions of new genera and species. No. 6. Review of the corals and polyps of the West Coast of America." url="https://biodiversitylibrary.org/page/13465394" volume="1" year="1868 b">Verrill 1868b</bibRefCitation>
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: 414;
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<bibRefCitation id="FDDC1CCBA557CEE592B2502902C333CC" author="Studer, T" journalOrPublisher="Archiv fuer Naturgeschichte" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="1 - 74" refId="B33" refString="Studer, T, 1887. Versuch eines Systemes der Alcyonaria. Archiv fuer Naturgeschichte 53 (1): 1 - 74" title="Versuch eines Systemes der Alcyonaria." volume="53" year="1887">Studer 1887</bibRefCitation>
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: 60;
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<bibRefCitation id="1F3E1F51B1E5198ED5B8CE92083E5FE5" author="Wright, EP" journalOrPublisher="ZooKeys" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" refId="B44" refString="Wright, EP, 1889. Zoology Part LXIV: Report on the Alcyonaria bound in volume 31, 1889." title="Zoology Part LXIV: Report on the Alcyonaria bound in volume 31, 1889." year="1889">Wright 1889</bibRefCitation>
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: lix;
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<bibRefCitation id="1F4A96EFD8B09ECF903D47080070F54C" DOI="https://doi.org/10.5479/si.00963801.35-1658.681" author="Nutting, CC" journalOrPublisher="Proceedings of the United States National Museum" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="681 - 727" refId="B27" refString="Nutting, CC, 1909. Alcyonaria of the California coast. Proceedings of the United States National Museum 35: 681 - 727, DOI: https://doi.org/10.5479/si.00963801.35-1658.681" title="Alcyonaria of the California coast." url="https://doi.org/10.5479/si.00963801.35-1658.681" volume="35" year="1909">Nutting 1909</bibRefCitation>
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: 719;
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<bibRefCitation id="FBD1C82015A6F70CE10A5E840CD93EE3" author="Nutting, CC" journalOrPublisher="Proceedings of the United States National Museum" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" publicationUrl="https://biodiversitylibrary.org/page/12044392" refId="B28" refString="Nutting, CC, 1910. The Gorgonacea of the Siboga Expedition. IV. The Plexauridae. Siboga Expedition Monograph 13b1: 1-20. [+ 4 pls] https://biodiversitylibrary.org/page/12044392" title="The Gorgonacea of the Siboga Expedition. IV. The Plexauridae. Siboga Expedition Monograph 13 b 1: 1 - 20. [+ 4 pls]" url="https://biodiversitylibrary.org/page/12044392" year="1910">Nutting 1910</bibRefCitation>
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: 16;
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<bibRefCitation id="23274AA4B3E00A4641F48D882924F1C6" author="Kuekenthal, W" journalOrPublisher="Proceedings of the Zoological Society, London" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" refId="B22" refString="Kuekenthal, W, 1919. Gorgonaria. Wissenschaftliche Ergebnisse der deutsche Tiefsee-Expeditionen "Valdivia" 1898-99, 13(2): 1-946." title="Gorgonaria. Wissenschaftliche Ergebnisse der deutsche Tiefsee-Expeditionen " Valdivia " 1898 - 99, 13 (2): 1 - 946." year="1919">
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<normalizedToken id="7CAEE951F86B112CA240B61A7AA53B7B" originalValue="Kükenthal">Kuekenthal</normalizedToken>
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1919
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</bibRefCitation>
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: 234-236, 905;
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<bibRefCitation id="EE25213EA54176E7666BE9ACEFA4D03D" author="Kuekenthal, W" journalOrPublisher="Walter de Gruyter and Company, Berlin, und Leipzig" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" refId="B23" refString="Kuekenthal, W, 1924. Gorgonaria. Das Tierreich, Vol. 47. Walter de Gruyter and Company, Berlin, und Leipzig" title="Gorgonaria. Das Tierreich, Vol. 47." year="1924">
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<normalizedToken id="40D1E12BFA4B85DE0C40A1C01EE7F176" originalValue="Kükenthal">Kuekenthal</normalizedToken>
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1924
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</bibRefCitation>
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: 106;
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<bibRefCitation id="E98204F31C93642041EB51DBF1148081" author="Bayer, FM" journalOrPublisher="Journal of the Washington Academy of Science" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" refId="B2" refString="Bayer, FM, 1956. Octocorallia, Part F. Coelenterata. In: Moore RC (Ed.) Treatise on Invertebrate Paleontology. Geological Society of America and University of Kansas Press, Lawrence-Kansas, F166-F231." title="Octocorallia, Part F. Coelenterata. In: Moore RC (Ed.) Treatise on Invertebrate Paleontology. Geological Society of America and University of Kansas Press, Lawrence-Kansas, F 166 - F 231." year="1956">Bayer 1956</bibRefCitation>
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: F212;
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<bibRefCitation id="F038EF6AB6AF861F523AE86CE343560D" author="Bayer, FM" journalOrPublisher="Memoires du Museum National d'Histoire Naturelle, Nouvelle Series, Serie A (Zoologie)" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="41 - 56" publicationUrl="https://repository.si.edu/handle/10088/891" refId="B3" refString="Bayer, FM, 1958. Les Octocoralliaires plexaurides des cotes occidentals d'Amerique. Memoires du Museum National d'Histoire Naturelle, Nouvelle Series, Serie A (Zoologie) 16 (2): 41 - 56, https://repository.si.edu/handle/10088/891" title="Les Octocoralliaires plexaurides des cotes occidentals d'Amerique." url="https://repository.si.edu/handle/10088/891" volume="16" year="1958">Bayer 1958</bibRefCitation>
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: 43;
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<bibRefCitation id="CF0B094CBF92F56B239D33ABEEA51B99" author="Harden, DG" journalOrPublisher="Annals and Magazine of Natural History" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" refId="B20" refString="Harden, DG, 1979. Intuitive and Numerical Classification of East Pacific Gorgonacea (Octocorallia). PhD thesis, Illinois, Illinois State University." title="Intuitive and Numerical Classification of East Pacific Gorgonacea (Octocorallia). PhD thesis, Illinois, Illinois State University." year="1979">Harden 1979</bibRefCitation>
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: 114;
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<bibRefCitation id="675C22B328547E29E759126EAEF9E2FF" author="Bayer, FM" journalOrPublisher="Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="902 - 947" refId="B5" refString="Bayer, FM, 1981. Key to the genera of Octocorallia exclusive of Pennatulacea (Coelenterata: Anthozoa) with diagnoses of new taxa. Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington 94 (3): 902 - 947" title="Key to the genera of Octocorallia exclusive of Pennatulacea (Coelenterata: Anthozoa) with diagnoses of new taxa." volume="94" year="1981">Bayer 1981</bibRefCitation>
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: 925;
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<bibRefCitation id="0DDFC50F93743722DF26EFC50F717F91" DOI="https://doi.org/10.1017/S0025315413001835" author="Breedy, O" journalOrPublisher="Journal of the Marine Biological Association" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="493 - 498" refId="B10" refString="Breedy, O, Guzman, HM, 2014. A new species of alcyonacean octocoral from the Peruvian Zoogeographic Region. Journal of the Marine Biological Association 94 (3): 493 - 498, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1017/S0025315413001835" title="A new species of alcyonacean octocoral from the Peruvian Zoogeographic Region." url="https://doi.org/10.1017/S0025315413001835" volume="94" year="2014">Breedy and Guzman 2014</bibRefCitation>
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: 494;
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<bibRefCitation id="2FECBF1174F183BC527F45FA071696AD" DOI="https://doi.org/10.5343/bms.2019.0072" author="Breedy, O" journalOrPublisher="Bulletin of Marine Science" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="169 - 179" refId="B13" refString="Breedy, O, Guzman, HM, Murillo, C, Vargas, S, 2020. A new species of the genus Psammogorgia (Cnidaria: Anthozoa: Octocorallia) from the Hannibal Bank in Pacific Panama. Bulletin of Marine Science 96 (1): 169 - 179, DOI: https://doi.org/10.5343/bms.2019.0072" title="A new species of the genus Psammogorgia (Cnidaria: Anthozoa: Octocorallia) from the Hannibal Bank in Pacific Panama." url="https://doi.org/10.5343/bms.2019.0072" volume="96" year="2020">Breedy et al. 2020</bibRefCitation>
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: 171-172.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="206DC477A4101F53BCDE8E555E5421A1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="type species">
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<paragraph id="4BAE5CD7E4DC7392E660306512E2D31C" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Type species.</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="F78CE5C7DFB446BDA258E0C2A37911BA" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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<taxonomicName id="14AC07DFDF20EBDBE1CE5C0B67729D34" authorityName="Verrill" authorityYear="1866" class="Anthozoa" family="Plexauridae" genus="Echinogorgia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Echinogorgia arbuscula" order="Alcyonacea" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="arbuscula">
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<emphasis id="23D1DDEDB577C21B01C72489890D207D" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Echinogorgia arbuscula</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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Verrill, 1866 by subsequent designation (
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<bibRefCitation id="10A25AF5E8268E96D85BA28DACA5CF74" author="Verrill, AE" journalOrPublisher="Transactions of the Connecticut Academy of Arts and Sciences, (Second Edition)" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="377 - 558" publicationUrl="https://biodiversitylibrary.org/page/13465394" refId="B41" refString="Verrill, AE, 1868b. Notes on Radiata in the Museum of Yale College, with descriptions of new genera and species. No. 6. Review of the corals and polyps of the West Coast of America. Transactions of the Connecticut Academy of Arts and Sciences, (Second Edition) 1 (2): 377 - 558, https://biodiversitylibrary.org/page/13465394" title="Notes on Radiata in the Museum of Yale College, with descriptions of new genera and species. No. 6. Review of the corals and polyps of the West Coast of America." url="https://biodiversitylibrary.org/page/13465394" volume="1" year="1868 b">Verrill 1868b</bibRefCitation>
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).
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="9BE76B5C73BA6E658BCE21CD9FAAEBEF" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="diagnosis">
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<paragraph id="F5D4D1911D2AB6BDC29F614AC3BE6CA1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Diagnosis.</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="55B0D2ED8124616479FA0A1CE0E92325" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Colonies bushy to flabellate. Branching lateral, dichotomous, irregularly dichotomous, or subpinnate. Branches round or slightly flattened. Axis horny, chambered central core filled with organic non-mineralised fibres. Calyces on all sides of branches, flat, slightly raised or prominent. Polyp apertures slit-like or swollen. Anthocodial sclerites mostly large, elongated, warty, spinose or slender spindles, with or without median waist, in collaret and points arrangements at base of tentacles. Sclerites of coenenchyme thick, warty spindles; radiates, and crosses. Clubs warty or foliate-like with variation of those types mostly present at calyx rims and external coenenchyme. Colony colours dark red, red, orange, pink and white. Sclerites colours red, pink, orange, yellow, various hues of these, and/or colourless.</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="55F24D1D738AC61993FCD3067F10ECCF" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="distribution">
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<paragraph id="F63D93FFBE1CE18788EBE3D2063F37FF" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Distribution.</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="12D06542C33D98B062E5B25BD714BE05" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">The genus has been reported from the eastern Pacific, Californian province, the Indian Ocean and the north Atlantic.</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="B1F7D505AE13BCC4AA9BD85707E44A15" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="remarks">
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<paragraph id="562F682BF1AC66865E098602CF292D19" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Remarks.</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="DA10CA2EB8DD3BB0843DC34248416D6C" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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Axes analysis of the species of
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<taxonomicName id="0FB06F3F0A08BEB86A5800D24817DE0E" authorityName="Verrill" authorityYear="1868" class="Anthozoa" family="Plexauridae" genus="Psammogorgia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Psammogorgia" order="Alcyonacea" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="3938AD8F910853FB73A1A5DD2BA5D8CF" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Psammogorgia</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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show chambered central cores filled with organic non-mineralised fibres (e.g., Fig.
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<figureCitation id="E349A4BA32FB60D5E74D00F005BD9C63" captionStart="Figure 1" captionStartId="F1" captionText="Figure 1. Psammogorgia arbuscula (Verrill, 1866) STRI 269 A central core chambers filled with organic non-mineralised fibres B detail of organic non-mineralised fibres." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.961.54846.figure1" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/442674" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">1</figureCitation>
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).
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</paragraph>
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<caption id="310F2D5EC8CDE4A82D45EBCCD0500739" doi="10.3897/zookeys.961.54846.figure1" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/442674" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" start="Figure 1" startId="F1">
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<paragraph id="CF752788D405810D6ECD253DEADCFE44" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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<emphasis id="2E75285CD39D520250BEFABF62BD1079" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Figure 1.</emphasis>
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<taxonomicName id="8E2F79118F964FB6FAB582081C07AEF6" baseAuthorityName="Verrill" baseAuthorityYear="1866" class="Anthozoa" family="Plexauridae" genus="Psammogorgia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Psammogorgia arbuscula" order="Alcyonacea" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="arbuscula">
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<emphasis id="CB9648FC76F0711A1475E51097F1487F" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Psammogorgia arbuscula</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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(Verrill, 1866) STRI 269
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<emphasis id="EBADBFEDE2C6B47E7A420BF8D87C2513" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">A</emphasis>
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central core chambers filled with organic non-mineralised fibres
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<emphasis id="27D08F3E45587E144797DFDD5FCCE646" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">B</emphasis>
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detail of organic non-mineralised fibres.
|
|
</paragraph>
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|
</caption>
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|
</subSubSection>
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|
</treatment>
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|
</document> |